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de la Calle ME, Cabrera G, Linares-Pineda T, Cantero D, Molinillo JMG, Varela RM, Valle A, Bolívar J. Automatable downstream purification of the benzohydroxamic acid D-DIBOA from a biocatalytic synthesis. N Biotechnol 2022; 72:48-57. [PMID: 36155894 DOI: 10.1016/j.nbt.2022.09.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2022] [Revised: 09/16/2022] [Accepted: 09/18/2022] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Herbicides play a vital role in agriculture, contributing to increased crop productivity by minimizing weed growth, but their low degradability presents a threat to the environment and human health. Allelochemicals, such as DIBOA (2,4-dihydroxy-(2H)-1,4-benzoxazin-3(4 H)-one), are secondary metabolites released by certain plants that affect the survival or growth of other organisms. Although these metabolites have an attractive potential for use as herbicides, their low natural production is a critical hurdle. Previously, the synthesis of the biologically active analog D-DIBOA (4-hydroxy-(2H)-1,4-benzoxazin-3(4H)-one) was achieved, using an engineered E. coli strain as a whole-cell biocatalyst, capable of transforming a precursor compound into D-DIBOA and exporting it into the culture medium, although it cannot be directly applied to crops. Here a chromatographic method to purify D-DIBOA from this cell culture medium without producing organic solvent wastes is described. The purification of D-DIBOA from a filtered culture medium to the pure compound could also be automated. Biological tests with the purified compound on weed models showed that it has virtually the same activity than the chemically synthesized D-DIBOA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Elena de la Calle
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Food Technology, University of Cadiz, 11510 Puerto Real, Cadiz, Spain; Institute of Viticulture and Agri-Food Research (IVAGRO)-International Campus of Excellence (ceiA3), University of Cadiz, 11510 Puerto Real, Cadiz, Spain
| | - Gema Cabrera
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Food Technology, University of Cadiz, 11510 Puerto Real, Cadiz, Spain; Institute of Viticulture and Agri-Food Research (IVAGRO)-International Campus of Excellence (ceiA3), University of Cadiz, 11510 Puerto Real, Cadiz, Spain
| | - Teresa Linares-Pineda
- Department of Biomedicine, Biotechnology and Public Health-Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Cadiz, 11510 Puerto Real, Cadiz, Spain; Institute of Biomolecules (INBIO), University of Cadiz, 11510 Puerto Real, Spain
| | - Domingo Cantero
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Food Technology, University of Cadiz, 11510 Puerto Real, Cadiz, Spain; Institute of Viticulture and Agri-Food Research (IVAGRO)-International Campus of Excellence (ceiA3), University of Cadiz, 11510 Puerto Real, Cadiz, Spain
| | - José M G Molinillo
- Department of Organic Chemistry, University of Cadiz, 11510 Puerto Real, Cadiz, Spain; Institute of Biomolecules (INBIO), University of Cadiz, 11510 Puerto Real, Spain
| | - Rosa M Varela
- Department of Organic Chemistry, University of Cadiz, 11510 Puerto Real, Cadiz, Spain; Institute of Biomolecules (INBIO), University of Cadiz, 11510 Puerto Real, Spain
| | - Antonio Valle
- Department of Biomedicine, Biotechnology and Public Health-Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Cadiz, 11510 Puerto Real, Cadiz, Spain; Institute of Biomolecules (INBIO), University of Cadiz, 11510 Puerto Real, Spain
| | - Jorge Bolívar
- Department of Biomedicine, Biotechnology and Public Health-Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Cadiz, 11510 Puerto Real, Cadiz, Spain; Institute of Biomolecules (INBIO), University of Cadiz, 11510 Puerto Real, Spain.
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Optimization of the Biocatalysis for D-DIBOA Synthesis Using a Quick and Sensitive New Spectrophotometric Quantification Method. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:ijms21228523. [PMID: 33198293 PMCID: PMC7697731 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21228523] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2020] [Revised: 11/09/2020] [Accepted: 11/09/2020] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
D-DIBOA (4-hydroxy-(2H)-1,4-benzoxazin-3-(4H)-one) is an allelopathic-derived compound with interesting herbicidal, fungicidal, and insecticide properties whose production has been successfully achieved by biocatalysis using a genetically engineered Escherichia coli strain. However, improvement and scaling-up of this process are hampered by the current methodology for D-DIBOA quantification, which is based on high-performance liquid chromatographic (HPLC), a time-consuming technique that requires expensive equipment and the use of environmentally unsafe solvents. In this work, we established and validated a rapid, simple, and sensitive spectrophotometric method for the quantification of the D-DIBOA produced by whole-cell biocatalysis, with limits of detection and quantification of 0.0165 and 0.0501 µmol·mL−1 respectively. This analysis takes place in only a few seconds and can be carried out using 100 µL of the sample in a microtiter plate reader. We performed several whole-cell biocatalysis strategies to optimize the process by monitoring D-DIBOA production every hour to keep control of both precursor and D-DIBOA concentrations in the bioreactor. These experiments allowed increasing the D-DIBOA production from the previously reported 5.01 mM up to 7.17 mM (43% increase). This methodology will facilitate processes such as the optimization of the biocatalyst, the scaling up, and the downstream purification.
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Rao J, Liu L, Zeng D, Wang M, Xiang M, Yang S. Antibiotic activities of propanolamine containing 1,4-benzoxazin-3-ones against phytopathogenic bacteria. RSC Adv 2020; 10:682-688. [PMID: 35494425 PMCID: PMC9047368 DOI: 10.1039/c9ra09639f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2019] [Accepted: 12/18/2019] [Indexed: 01/25/2023] Open
Abstract
Various 1,4-benzoxazin-3-one derivatives containing propanolamine groups have been shown to exhibit good antibacterial activity against Pseudomonas syringae pv actinidiae (Psa), X. axonopodis pv citri (Xac) and Xanthomonas oryzae pv oryzae (Xoo). 1,4-benzoxazin-3-one 4n showed the best inhibitory effects against Psa, Xac and Xoo, exhibiting in vitro EC50 values of 4.95, 4.71 and 8.50 μg mL−1, respectively. These potencies were superior to the corresponding EC50 values of the commercial antibiotics bismerthiazol (BT, 89.10, and 116.90 μg mL−1) and thiodiazole copper (TC, 127.30, 82.73 and 87.50 μg mL−1). Treatment on the bacterial leaf blight of rice revealed that compound 4n displayed better curative (51%) and protective (48%) activities for reducing rice BLB than either BT (41%, 39%) or TC (43%, 41%). Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) imaging of Xoo that had been treated with 1,4-benzoxazin-3-one 4n (50–100 μg mL−1) revealed that the bacterial cells had experienced extensive cell wall damage, which is the likely cause of its antimicrobial activity and bacterial death. Various 1,4-benzoxazin-3-one derivatives containing propanolamine groups have been shown to exhibit good antibacterial activity against Pseudomonas syringae pv actinidiae (Psa), X. axonopodis pv citri (Xac) and Xanthomonas oryzae pv oryzae (Xoo).![]()
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiarui Rao
- State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Green Pesticide and Agricultural Bioengineering
- Key Laboratory of Green Pesticide and Agricultural Bioengineering
- Ministry of Education
- Center for R&D of Fine Chemicals of Guizhou University
- Guiyang
| | - Liwei Liu
- State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Green Pesticide and Agricultural Bioengineering
- Key Laboratory of Green Pesticide and Agricultural Bioengineering
- Ministry of Education
- Center for R&D of Fine Chemicals of Guizhou University
- Guiyang
| | - Dan Zeng
- State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Green Pesticide and Agricultural Bioengineering
- Key Laboratory of Green Pesticide and Agricultural Bioengineering
- Ministry of Education
- Center for R&D of Fine Chemicals of Guizhou University
- Guiyang
| | - Mingwei Wang
- State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Green Pesticide and Agricultural Bioengineering
- Key Laboratory of Green Pesticide and Agricultural Bioengineering
- Ministry of Education
- Center for R&D of Fine Chemicals of Guizhou University
- Guiyang
| | - Meng Xiang
- State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Green Pesticide and Agricultural Bioengineering
- Key Laboratory of Green Pesticide and Agricultural Bioengineering
- Ministry of Education
- Center for R&D of Fine Chemicals of Guizhou University
- Guiyang
| | - Song Yang
- State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Green Pesticide and Agricultural Bioengineering
- Key Laboratory of Green Pesticide and Agricultural Bioengineering
- Ministry of Education
- Center for R&D of Fine Chemicals of Guizhou University
- Guiyang
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de la Calle ME, Cabrera G, Cantero D, Valle A, Bolivar J. A genetically engineered Escherichia coli strain overexpressing the nitroreductase NfsB is capable of producing the herbicide D-DIBOA with 100% molar yield. Microb Cell Fact 2019; 18:86. [PMID: 31109333 PMCID: PMC6526606 DOI: 10.1186/s12934-019-1135-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2019] [Accepted: 05/08/2019] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Background The use of chemical herbicides has helped to improve agricultural production, although its intensive use has led to environmental damages. Plant allelochemicals are interesting alternatives due to their diversity and degradability in the environment. However, the main drawback of this option is their low natural production, which could be overcome by its chemical synthesis. In the case of the allelochemical DIBOA ((2,4-dihydroxy-2H)-1,4-benzoxazin-3(4H)-one), the synthesis of the analogous compound D-DIBOA (2-deoxy-DIBOA) has been achieved in two steps. However, the scale up of this synthesis is hindered by the second step, which uses an expensive catalyst and is an exothermic reaction, with hydrogen release and a relatively low molar yield (70%). We have previously explored the “Green Chemistry” alternative of using E. coli strains overexpressing the nitroreductase NfsB as a whole-cell-biocatalyst to replace this second step, although the molar yield in this case was lower than that of the chemical synthesis. Results In this work, we engineered an E. coli strain capable of carrying out this reaction with 100% molar yield and reaching a D-DIBOA concentration up to 379% respect to the highest biotransformation yield previously reported. This was achieved by a screening of 34 E. coli mutant strains in order to improve D-DIBOA production that led to the construction of the ΔlapAΔfliQ double mutant as an optimum genetic background for overexpression of the NfsB enzyme and D-DIBOA synthesis. Also, the use of a defined medium instead of a complex one, the optimization of the culture conditions and the development of processes with several substrate loads allowed obtaining maxima yields and concentrations. Conclusions The high yields and concentrations of D-DIBOA reached by the microbial-cell-factory approach developed in this work will facilitate its application to industrial scale. Also, the use of an optimized defined medium with only an organic molecule (glucose as carbon and energy source) in its composition will also facilitate the downstream processes. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (10.1186/s12934-019-1135-8) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Elena de la Calle
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Food Technology, University of Cadiz, Campus Universitario de Puerto Real, Puerto Real, 11510, Cadiz, Spain.,Institute of Viticulture and Agri-Food Research (IVAGRO)-International Campus of Excellence (ceiA3), University of Cadiz, Puerto Real, Spain
| | - Gema Cabrera
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Food Technology, University of Cadiz, Campus Universitario de Puerto Real, Puerto Real, 11510, Cadiz, Spain.,Institute of Viticulture and Agri-Food Research (IVAGRO)-International Campus of Excellence (ceiA3), University of Cadiz, Puerto Real, Spain
| | - Domingo Cantero
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Food Technology, University of Cadiz, Campus Universitario de Puerto Real, Puerto Real, 11510, Cadiz, Spain.,Institute of Viticulture and Agri-Food Research (IVAGRO)-International Campus of Excellence (ceiA3), University of Cadiz, Puerto Real, Spain
| | - Antonio Valle
- Department of Biomedicine, Biotechnology and Public Health-Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Cadiz, Campus Universitario de Puerto Real, Puerto Real, 11510, Cadiz, Spain. .,Institute of Viticulture and Agri-Food Research (IVAGRO)-International Campus of Excellence (ceiA3), University of Cadiz, Puerto Real, Spain.
| | - Jorge Bolivar
- Department of Biomedicine, Biotechnology and Public Health-Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Cadiz, Campus Universitario de Puerto Real, Puerto Real, 11510, Cadiz, Spain. .,Institute of Biomolecules (INBIO), University of Cadiz, Puerto Real, Spain.
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