1
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Kumar K, Dutta T. Transcriptional activation of the Mycobacterium tuberculosis virulence-associated small RNA MTS1338 by the response regulators DosR and PhoP. FEBS Lett 2024; 598:1034-1044. [PMID: 38639734 DOI: 10.1002/1873-3468.14882] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2023] [Revised: 03/11/2024] [Accepted: 03/12/2024] [Indexed: 04/20/2024]
Abstract
MTS1338, a distinctive small RNA in pathogenic mycobacteria, plays a crucial role in host-pathogen interactions during infection. Mycobacterial cells encounter heterogeneous stresses in macrophages, which highly upregulate MTS1338. A dormancy regulatory factor DosR regulates the intracellular abundance of MTS1338. Herein, we investigated the interplay of DosR and a low pH-inducible gene regulator PhoP binding to the MTS1338 promoter. We identified that DosR strongly binds to two regions upstream of the MTS1338 gene. The proximal region possesses a threefold higher affinity than the distal site, but the presence of both regions increased the affinity for DosR by > 10-fold. PhoP did not bind to the MTS1338 gene but binds to the DosR-bound MTS1338 gene, suggesting a concerted mechanism for MTS1338 expression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Krishan Kumar
- RNA Biology Laboratory, Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Delhi, India
| | - Tanmay Dutta
- RNA Biology Laboratory, Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Delhi, India
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2
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Rojano-Nisimura AM, Simmons TR, Leistra AN, Mihailovic MK, Buchser R, Ekdahl AM, Joseph I, Curtis NC, Contreras LM. CsrA selectively modulates sRNA-mRNA regulator outcomes. Front Mol Biosci 2023; 10:1249528. [PMID: 38116378 PMCID: PMC10729762 DOI: 10.3389/fmolb.2023.1249528] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2023] [Accepted: 10/10/2023] [Indexed: 12/21/2023] Open
Abstract
Post-transcriptional regulation, by small RNAs (sRNAs) as well as the global Carbon Storage Regulator A (CsrA) protein, play critical roles in bacterial metabolic control and stress responses. The CsrA protein affects selective sRNA-mRNA networks, in addition to regulating transcription factors and sigma factors, providing additional avenues of cross talk between other stress-response regulators. Here, we expand the known set of sRNA-CsrA interactions and study their regulatory effects. In vitro binding assays confirm novel CsrA interactions with ten sRNAs, many of which are previously recognized as key regulatory nodes. Of those 10 sRNA, we identify that McaS, FnrS, SgrS, MicL, and Spot42 interact directly with CsrA in vivo. We find that the presence of CsrA impacts the downstream regulation of mRNA targets of the respective sRNA. In vivo evidence supports enhanced CsrA McaS-csgD mRNA repression and showcases CsrA-dependent repression of the fucP mRNA via the Spot42 sRNA. We additionally identify SgrS and FnrS as potential new sRNA sponges of CsrA. Overall, our results further support the expanding impact of the Csr system on cellular physiology via CsrA impact on the regulatory roles of these sRNAs.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Trevor R. Simmons
- McKetta Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX, United States
| | - Abigail N. Leistra
- McKetta Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX, United States
| | - Mia K. Mihailovic
- McKetta Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX, United States
| | - Ryan Buchser
- McKetta Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX, United States
| | - Alyssa M. Ekdahl
- McKetta Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX, United States
| | - Isabella Joseph
- McKetta Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX, United States
| | - Nicholas C. Curtis
- McKetta Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX, United States
| | - Lydia M. Contreras
- Biochemistry Graduate Program, University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX, United States
- McKetta Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX, United States
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3
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Chen L, Wang C, Su J. Understanding the Effect of Different Glucose Concentrations in the Oligotrophic Bacterium Bacillus subtilis BS-G1 through Transcriptomics Analysis. Microorganisms 2023; 11:2401. [PMID: 37894061 PMCID: PMC10609351 DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms11102401] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2023] [Revised: 09/16/2023] [Accepted: 09/22/2023] [Indexed: 10/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Glucose is an important carbon source for microbial growth, and its content in infertile soils is essential for the growth of bacteria. Since the mechanism of oligotrophic bacterium adaptation in barren soils is unclear, this research employed RNA-seq technology to examine the impact of glucose concentration on the oligotrophic bacterium B. subtilis BS-G1 in soil affected by desertification. A global transcriptome analysis (RNA-Seq) revealed that the significantly differentially expressed genes (DEGs) histidine metabolism, glutamate synthesis, the HIF-1 signaling pathway, sporulation, and the TCA cycle pathway of B. subtilis BS-G1 were significantly enriched with a 0.015 g/L glucose concentration (L group), compared to a 10 g/L glucose concentration (H group). The DEGs amino acid system, two-component system, metal ion transport, and nitrogen metabolism system of B. subtilis BS-G1 were significantly enriched in the 5 g/L glucose concentration (M group), compared with the H group. In addition, the present study identified the regulation pattern and key genes under a low-glucose environment (7 mRNAs and 16 sRNAs). This study primarily investigates the variances in the regulatory pathways of the oligotrophic B. subtilis BS-G1, which holds substantial importance in comprehending the mechanism underlying the limited sugar tolerance of oligotrophic bacteria.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liping Chen
- Key Laboratory of Ministry of Education for Protection and Utilization of Special Biological Resources, School of Life Sciences, Ningxia University, Yinchuan 750021, China
| | - Chenglong Wang
- Key Laboratory of Ministry of Education for Protection and Utilization of Special Biological Resources, School of Life Sciences, Ningxia University, Yinchuan 750021, China
| | - Jianyu Su
- Key Laboratory of Ministry of Education for Protection and Utilization of Special Biological Resources, School of Life Sciences, Ningxia University, Yinchuan 750021, China
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4
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Rojano-Nisimura AM, Simmons TR, Leistra AN, Mihailovic MK, Buchser R, Ekdahl AM, Joseph I, Curtis NC, Contreras LM. CsrA Shows Selective Regulation of sRNA-mRNA Networks. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2023:2023.03.29.534774. [PMID: 37034808 PMCID: PMC10081199 DOI: 10.1101/2023.03.29.534774] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/30/2023]
Abstract
Post-transcriptional regulation, by small RNAs (sRNAs) as well as the global Carbon Storage Regulator A (CsrA) protein, play critical roles in bacterial metabolic control and stress responses. The CsrA protein affects selective sRNA-mRNA networks, in addition to regulating transcription factors and sigma factors, providing additional avenues of cross talk between other stress-response regulators. Here, we expand the known set of sRNA-CsrA interactions and study their regulatory effects. In vitro binding assays confirm novel CsrA interactions with ten sRNAs, many of which are previously recognized as key regulatory nodes. Of those 10 sRNA, we identify that McaS, FnrS, SgrS, MicL, and Spot42 interact with CsrA in vivo. We find that the presence of CsrA impacts the downstream regulation of mRNA targets of the respective sRNA. In vivo evidence supports enhanced CsrA McaS-csgD mRNA repression and showcase CsrA-dependent repression of the fucP mRNA via the Spot42 sRNA. We additionally identify SgrS and FnrS as potential new sRNA sponges of CsrA. Overall, our results further support the expanding impact of the Csr system on cellular physiology via CsrA impact on the regulatory roles of these sRNAs.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Trevor R. Simmons
- McKetta Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Texas at Austin, 200 E. Dean Keeton St. Stop C0400, Austin, TX 78712, USA
| | - Abigail N. Leistra
- McKetta Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Texas at Austin, 200 E. Dean Keeton St. Stop C0400, Austin, TX 78712, USA
| | - Mia K. Mihailovic
- McKetta Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Texas at Austin, 200 E. Dean Keeton St. Stop C0400, Austin, TX 78712, USA
| | - Ryan Buchser
- McKetta Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Texas at Austin, 200 E. Dean Keeton St. Stop C0400, Austin, TX 78712, USA
| | - Alyssa M. Ekdahl
- McKetta Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Texas at Austin, 200 E. Dean Keeton St. Stop C0400, Austin, TX 78712, USA
| | - Isabella Joseph
- McKetta Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Texas at Austin, 200 E. Dean Keeton St. Stop C0400, Austin, TX 78712, USA
| | - Nicholas C. Curtis
- McKetta Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Texas at Austin, 200 E. Dean Keeton St. Stop C0400, Austin, TX 78712, USA
| | - Lydia M. Contreras
- Biochemistry Graduate Program, University of Texas at Austin, 100 E. 24th Street Stop A6500, Austin, TX 78712, USA
- McKetta Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Texas at Austin, 200 E. Dean Keeton St. Stop C0400, Austin, TX 78712, USA
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5
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The small non-coding RNA rli106 contributes to the environmental adaptation and pathogenicity of Listeria monocytogenes. J Vet Res 2023; 67:67-77. [PMID: 37008770 PMCID: PMC10062041 DOI: 10.2478/jvetres-2023-0013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2022] [Accepted: 03/03/2023] [Indexed: 03/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Introduction
Listeria monocytogenes (LM) is an important food-borne pathogen, and the risk of its ingestion is a serious public health issue. The better its environmental adaptation mechanisms and pathogenicity are understood, the better the risk it poses can be countered. The regulatory role of the small non-coding RNA (sRNA) rli106 in the environmental adaptation and pathogenicity of LM is still unclear and this study investigated that role through its biological function.
Material and Methods
An LM-Δrli106 gene deletion strain and an LM-Δrli106/rli106 gene complementation strain were constructed using the homologous recombination technique. Then, the adaptation of these strains to temperature, alkalinity, acidity, salinity, ethanol and oxidative stressors, their biofilm-forming ability and their pathogenicity in mice were investigated to show the regulatory roles of sRNA rli106 in LM. The target gene of rli106 was also predicted, and the interaction between it and rli106 was verified by a two-plasmid co-expressing system based on
E.coli
and Western blot analysis.
Results
The adaptation of LM-Δrli106 to environmental stressors of pH 9, 5% NaCl and 8% NaCl, 3.8% ethanol and 5 mM H2O2 was significantly reduced when compared to the parental (LM EGD-e) and complementation strains. Also, the biofilm formation, cell adhesion, invasion, intracellular proliferation and pathogenicity of LM-Δrli106 in mice were significantly reduced. The results of two-plasmid co-expression and Western blot showed that rli106 can interact with the mRNA of the predicted DegU target gene.
Conclusion
The sRNA rli106 may positively regulate the expression of the DegU gene in LM. This study sheds light on its regulatory roles in environmental adaptation and pathogenicity, providing new insights into the molecular mechanism of sRNA mediation in LM .
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Davuluri KS, Chauhan DS. microRNAs associated with the pathogenesis and their role in regulating various signaling pathways during Mycobacterium tuberculosis infection. Front Cell Infect Microbiol 2022; 12:1009901. [PMID: 36389170 PMCID: PMC9647626 DOI: 10.3389/fcimb.2022.1009901] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2022] [Accepted: 10/03/2022] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Despite more than a decade of active study, tuberculosis (TB) remains a serious health concern across the world, and it is still the biggest cause of mortality in the human population. Pathogenic bacteria recognize host-induced responses and adapt to those hostile circumstances. This high level of adaptability necessitates a strong regulation of bacterial metabolic characteristics. Furthermore, the immune reponse of the host virulence factors such as host invasion, colonization, and survival must be properly coordinated by the pathogen. This can only be accomplished by close synchronization of gene expression. Understanding the molecular characteristics of mycobacterial pathogenesis in order to discover therapies that prevent or resolve illness relies on the bacterial capacity to adjust its metabolism and replication in response to various environmental cues as necessary. An extensive literature details the transcriptional alterations of host in response to in vitro environmental stressors, macrophage infection, and human illness. Various studies have recently revealed the finding of several microRNAs (miRNAs) that are believed to play an important role in the regulatory networks responsible for adaptability and virulence in Mycobacterium tuberculosis. We highlighted the growing data on the existence and quantity of several forms of miRNAs in the pathogenesis of M. tuberculosis, considered their possible relevance to disease etiology, and discussed how the miRNA-based signaling pathways regulate bacterial virulence factors.
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Stiens J, Arnvig KB, Kendall SL, Nobeli I. Challenges in defining the functional, non-coding, expressed genome of members of the Mycobacterium tuberculosis complex. Mol Microbiol 2021; 117:20-31. [PMID: 34894010 DOI: 10.1111/mmi.14862] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2021] [Revised: 12/08/2021] [Accepted: 12/09/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
A definitive transcriptome atlas for the non-coding expressed elements of the members of the Mycobacterium tuberculosis complex (MTBC) does not exist. Incomplete lists of non-coding transcripts can be obtained for some of the reference genomes (e.g., M. tuberculosis H37Rv) but to what extent these transcripts have homologues in closely related species or even strains is not clear. This has implications for the analysis of transcriptomic data; non-coding parts of the transcriptome are often ignored in the absence of formal, reliable annotation. Here, we review the state of our knowledge of non-coding RNAs in pathogenic mycobacteria, emphasizing the disparities in the information included in commonly used databases. We then proceed to review ways of combining computational solutions for predicting the non-coding transcriptome with experiments that can help refine and confirm these predictions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jennifer Stiens
- Institute of Structural and Molecular Biology, Biological Sciences, Birkbeck, University of London, London, UK
| | - Kristine B Arnvig
- Institute of Structural and Molecular Biology, Division of Biosciences, University College London, London, UK
| | - Sharon L Kendall
- Centre for Emerging, Endemic and Exotic Diseases, Pathobiology and Population Sciences, Royal Veterinary College, Hatfield, UK
| | - Irene Nobeli
- Institute of Structural and Molecular Biology, Biological Sciences, Birkbeck, University of London, London, UK
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8
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Singh S, Nirban R, Dutta T. MTS1338 in Mycobacterium tuberculosis promotes detoxification of reactive oxygen species under oxidative stress. Tuberculosis (Edinb) 2021; 131:102142. [PMID: 34773773 DOI: 10.1016/j.tube.2021.102142] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2021] [Revised: 09/22/2021] [Accepted: 10/31/2021] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Diverse mechanisms exist in Mycobacterium tuberculosis for adaptation to stresses leading to its persistence in the hostile environment of macrophages. Small RNA (sRNA)-mediated regulatory mechanisms have been scarcely explored in M. tuberculosis. MTS1338, a sRNA present only in pathogenic mycobacteria, was discovered to be highly abundant during infection and significantly contributes to host-pathogen interaction. A variety of stresses have been implicated for its accumulation. Herein, we showed that MTS1338 is an oxidative stress induced sRNA, which promotes the detoxification of reactive oxygen species (ROS) under oxidative stress. Current study identified a new role of MTS1338 in M. tuberculosis under oxidative stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Saumya Singh
- RNA Biology Laboratory, Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Delhi, Hauz Khas, New Delhi, 110016, India
| | - Reena Nirban
- RNA Biology Laboratory, Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Delhi, Hauz Khas, New Delhi, 110016, India; School of Interdisciplinary Research, Indian Institute of Technology Delhi, Hauz Khas, New Delhi, 110016, India
| | - Tanmay Dutta
- RNA Biology Laboratory, Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Delhi, Hauz Khas, New Delhi, 110016, India; School of Interdisciplinary Research, Indian Institute of Technology Delhi, Hauz Khas, New Delhi, 110016, India.
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9
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Grigorov A, Bychenko O, Salina EG, Skvortsova Y, Mazurova A, Skvortsov T, Kaprelyants A, Azhikina T. Small RNA F6 Provides Mycobacterium smegmatis Entry into Dormancy. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:11536. [PMID: 34768965 PMCID: PMC8583896 DOI: 10.3390/ijms222111536] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2021] [Revised: 10/21/2021] [Accepted: 10/22/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Regulatory small non-coding RNAs play a significant role in bacterial adaptation to changing environmental conditions. Various stresses such as hypoxia and nutrient starvation cause a reduction in the metabolic activity of Mycobacterium smegmatis, leading to entry into dormancy. We investigated the functional role of F6, a small RNA of M. smegmatis, and constructed an F6 deletion strain of M. smegmatis. Using the RNA-seq approach, we demonstrated that gene expression changes that accompany F6 deletion contributed to bacterial resistance against oxidative stress. We also found that F6 directly interacted with 5'-UTR of MSMEG_4640 mRNA encoding RpfE2, a resuscitation-promoting factor, which led to the downregulation of RpfE2 expression. The F6 deletion strain was characterized by the reduced ability to enter into dormancy (non-culturability) in the potassium deficiency model compared to the wild-type strain, indicating that F6 significantly contributes to bacterial adaptation to non-optimal growth conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Artem Grigorov
- Shemyakin-Ovchinnikov Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, 117997 Moscow, Russia; (A.G.); (O.B.); (Y.S.); (A.M.)
| | - Oksana Bychenko
- Shemyakin-Ovchinnikov Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, 117997 Moscow, Russia; (A.G.); (O.B.); (Y.S.); (A.M.)
| | - Elena G. Salina
- Research Center of Biotechnology, Bach Institute of Biochemistry, 119071 Moscow, Russia; (E.G.S.); (A.K.)
| | - Yulia Skvortsova
- Shemyakin-Ovchinnikov Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, 117997 Moscow, Russia; (A.G.); (O.B.); (Y.S.); (A.M.)
| | - Arina Mazurova
- Shemyakin-Ovchinnikov Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, 117997 Moscow, Russia; (A.G.); (O.B.); (Y.S.); (A.M.)
| | - Timofey Skvortsov
- School of Pharmacy, Queen’s University Belfast, Belfast BT9 7BL, UK;
| | - Arseny Kaprelyants
- Research Center of Biotechnology, Bach Institute of Biochemistry, 119071 Moscow, Russia; (E.G.S.); (A.K.)
| | - Tatyana Azhikina
- Shemyakin-Ovchinnikov Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, 117997 Moscow, Russia; (A.G.); (O.B.); (Y.S.); (A.M.)
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10
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Nath D, Chakraborty S. Genome wide analysis of Mycobacterium leprae for identification of putative microRNAs and their possible targets in human. Biologia (Bratisl) 2021. [DOI: 10.1007/s11756-021-00778-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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11
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Mehta D, Ramesh A. Diversity and prevalence of ANTAR RNAs across actinobacteria. BMC Microbiol 2021; 21:159. [PMID: 34051745 PMCID: PMC8164766 DOI: 10.1186/s12866-021-02234-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/26/2020] [Accepted: 05/18/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Computational approaches are often used to predict regulatory RNAs in bacteria, but their success is limited to RNAs that are highly conserved across phyla, in sequence and structure. The ANTAR regulatory system consists of a family of RNAs (the ANTAR-target RNAs) that selectively recruit ANTAR proteins. This protein-RNA complex together regulates genes at the level of translation or transcriptional elongation. Despite the widespread distribution of ANTAR proteins in bacteria, their target RNAs haven’t been identified in certain bacterial phyla such as actinobacteria. Results Here, by using a computational search model that is tuned to actinobacterial genomes, we comprehensively identify ANTAR-target RNAs in actinobacteria. These RNA motifs lie in select transcripts, often overlapping with the ribosome binding site or start codon, to regulate translation. Transcripts harboring ANTAR-target RNAs majorly encode proteins involved in the transport and metabolism of cellular metabolites like sugars, amino acids and ions; or encode transcription factors that in turn regulate diverse genes. Conclusion In this report, we substantially diversify and expand the family of ANTAR RNAs across bacteria. These findings now provide a starting point to investigate the actinobacterial processes that are regulated by ANTAR. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s12866-021-02234-x.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dolly Mehta
- National Centre for Biological Sciences, Tata Institute of Fundamental Research, GKVK Campus, Bellary Road, Bangalore, 560065, India.,SASTRA University, Tirumalaisamudram, Thanjavur, 613401, India
| | - Arati Ramesh
- National Centre for Biological Sciences, Tata Institute of Fundamental Research, GKVK Campus, Bellary Road, Bangalore, 560065, India.
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12
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Ostrik AA, Azhikina TL, Salina EG. Small Noncoding RNAs and Their Role in the Pathogenesis of Mycobacterium tuberculosis Infection. BIOCHEMISTRY (MOSCOW) 2021; 86:S109-S119. [PMID: 33827403 PMCID: PMC7905965 DOI: 10.1134/s000629792114008x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Mycobacterium tuberculosis possesses a significant arsenal of strategies to combat immune defense of the host organism. Small noncoding RNAs, which constitute the largest group of regulatory RNAs, play an important role in the host–pathogen interactions and represent one of the levels of the regulation of interactions of microbial cells with their environment. The regulatory role of small RNAs in pathogenic bacteria is essential when rapid adaptation to the changing environmental conditions with further synchronization of metabolic reactions are required to ensure microbial survival and infection progression. During the past few years, eight small RNAs from M. tuberculosis have been functionally characterized, and targets for four of them have been identified. Small RNAs from M. tuberculosis and other pathogenic microorganisms were found to be one of the most important functional factors in the adaptive response to changing environmental conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Albina A Ostrik
- Bach Institute of Biochemistry, Federal Research Centre "Fundamentals of Biotechnology", Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, 119071, Russia
| | - Tatyana L Azhikina
- Shemyakin and Ovchinnikov Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, 117997, Russia
| | - Elena G Salina
- Bach Institute of Biochemistry, Federal Research Centre "Fundamentals of Biotechnology", Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, 119071, Russia.
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13
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Small Noncoding RNAs MTS0997 and MTS1338 Affect the Adaptation and Virulence of Mycobacterium tuberculosis. MICROBIOLOGY RESEARCH 2021. [DOI: 10.3390/microbiolres12010014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Tuberculosis (TB) is currently the leading cause of death among bacterial infectious diseases. The spectrum of disease manifestations depends on both host immune responses and the ability of Mycobacterium tuberculosis to resist it. Small non-coding RNAs are known to regulate gene expression; however, their functional role in the relationship of M. tuberculosis with the host is poorly understood. Here, we investigated the effect of small non-coding sRNAs MTS1338 and MTS0997 on M. tuberculosis properties by creating knockout strains. We also assessed the effect of small non-coding RNAs on the survival of wild type and mutant mycobacteria in primary cultures of human alveolar macrophages and the virulence of these strains in a mouse infection model. Wild-type and mutants survived differentially in human alveolar macrophages. Infection of I/St mice with KO M. tuberculosis H37RV strains provided beneficial effects onto major TB phenotypes. We observed attenuated tuberculosis-specific inflammatory responses, including reduced cellular infiltration and decreased granuloma formation in the lungs. Infections caused by KO strains were characterized by significantly lower inflammation of mouse lung tissue and increased survival time of infected animals. Thus, the deletion of MTS0997 and MTS1338 lead to a significant decrease in the virulence of M. tuberculosis.
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14
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Salina EG, Grigorov A, Skvortsova Y, Majorov K, Bychenko O, Ostrik A, Logunova N, Ignatov D, Kaprelyants A, Apt A, Azhikina T. MTS1338, A Small Mycobacterium tuberculosis RNA, Regulates Transcriptional Shifts Consistent With Bacterial Adaptation for Entering Into Dormancy and Survival Within Host Macrophages. Front Cell Infect Microbiol 2019; 9:405. [PMID: 31850238 PMCID: PMC6901956 DOI: 10.3389/fcimb.2019.00405] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/03/2019] [Accepted: 11/12/2019] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Small non-coding RNAs play a significant role in bacterial adaptation to changing environmental conditions. We investigated the dynamics of expression of MTS1338, a small non-coding RNA of Mycobacterium tuberculosis, in the mouse model in vivo, regulation of its expression in the infected macrophages, and the consequences of its overexpression in bacterial cultures. Here we demonstrate that MTS1338 significantly contributes to host-pathogen interactions. Activation of the host immune system triggered NO-inducible up-regulation of MTS1338 in macrophage-engulfed mycobacteria. Constitutive overexpression of MTS1338 in cultured mycobacteria improved their survival in vitro under low pH conditions. MTS1338 up-regulation launched a spectrum of shifts in the transcriptome profile similar to those reported for M. tuberculosis adaptation to hostile intra-macrophage environment. Using the RNA-seq approach, we demonstrate that gene expression changes accompanying MTS1338 overexpression indicate reduction in translational activity and bacterial growth. These changes indicate mycobacteria entering the dormant state. Taken together, our results suggest a direct involvement of this sRNA in the interplay between mycobacteria and the host immune system during infectious process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elena G. Salina
- Laboratory of Biochemistry of Stresses in Microorganisms, Bach Institute of Biochemistry, Research Center of Biotechnology, Moscow, Russia
| | - Artem Grigorov
- Laboratory of Regulatory Transcriptomics, Department of Genomics and Postgenomic Technologies, Shemyakin and Ovchinnikov Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry, Moscow, Russia
| | - Yulia Skvortsova
- Laboratory of Regulatory Transcriptomics, Department of Genomics and Postgenomic Technologies, Shemyakin and Ovchinnikov Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry, Moscow, Russia
| | - Konstantin Majorov
- Laboratory for Immunogenetics, Department of Immunology, Central Institute for Tuberculosis, Moscow, Russia
| | - Oksana Bychenko
- Laboratory of Regulatory Transcriptomics, Department of Genomics and Postgenomic Technologies, Shemyakin and Ovchinnikov Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry, Moscow, Russia
| | - Albina Ostrik
- Laboratory of Biochemistry of Stresses in Microorganisms, Bach Institute of Biochemistry, Research Center of Biotechnology, Moscow, Russia
| | - Nadezhda Logunova
- Laboratory for Immunogenetics, Department of Immunology, Central Institute for Tuberculosis, Moscow, Russia
| | - Dmitriy Ignatov
- Laboratory of Regulatory Transcriptomics, Department of Genomics and Postgenomic Technologies, Shemyakin and Ovchinnikov Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry, Moscow, Russia
| | - Arseny Kaprelyants
- Laboratory of Biochemistry of Stresses in Microorganisms, Bach Institute of Biochemistry, Research Center of Biotechnology, Moscow, Russia
| | - Alexander Apt
- Laboratory for Immunogenetics, Department of Immunology, Central Institute for Tuberculosis, Moscow, Russia
| | - Tatyana Azhikina
- Laboratory of Regulatory Transcriptomics, Department of Genomics and Postgenomic Technologies, Shemyakin and Ovchinnikov Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry, Moscow, Russia
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