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Costa A, Forte IM, Pentimalli F, Iannuzzi CA, Alfano L, Capone F, Camerlingo R, Calabrese A, von Arx C, Benot Dominguez R, Quintiliani M, De Laurentiis M, Morrione A, Giordano A. Pharmacological inhibition of CDK4/6 impairs diffuse pleural mesothelioma 3D spheroid growth and reduces viability of cisplatin-resistant cells. Front Oncol 2024; 14:1418951. [PMID: 39011477 PMCID: PMC11246887 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2024.1418951] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2024] [Accepted: 06/11/2024] [Indexed: 07/17/2024] Open
Abstract
Introduction Diffuse pleural mesothelioma (DPM) of the pleura is a highly aggressive and treatment-resistant cancer linked to asbestos exposure. Despite multimodal treatment, the prognosis for DPM patients remains very poor, with an average survival of 2 years from diagnosis. Cisplatin, a platinum-based chemotherapy drug, is commonly used in the treatment of DPM. However, the development of resistance to cisplatin significantly limits its effectiveness, highlighting the urgent need for alternative therapeutic strategies. New selective inhibitors of cyclin-dependent kinases 4 and 6 (CDK4/6) have shown promise in various malignancies by inhibiting cell cycle progression and suppressing tumor growth. Recent studies have indicated the potential of abemaciclib for DPM therapy, and a phase II clinical trial has shown preliminary encouraging results. Methods Here, we tested abemaciclib, palbociclib, and ribociclib on a panel of DPM cell lines and non-tumor mesothelial(MET-5A) cells. Results Specifically, we focused on abemaciclib, which was the mosteffective cytotoxic agent on all the DPM cell lines tested. Abemaciclib reduced DPM cell viability, clonogenic potential, and ability to grow as three-dimensional (3D) spheroids. In addition, abemaciclib induced prolonged effects, thereby impairing second-generation sphere formation and inducing G0/G1 arrest and apoptosis/ necrosis. Interestingly, single silencing of RB family members did not impair cell response to abemaciclib, suggesting that they likely complement each other in triggering abemaciclib's cytostatic effect. Interestingly, abemaciclib reduced the phosphorylation of AKT, which is hyperactive in DPM and synergized with the pharmacological AKT inhibitor (AKTi VIII). Abemaciclib also synergized with cisplatin and reduced the viability of DPM cells with acquired resistance to cisplatin. Discussion Overall, our results suggest that CDK4/6 inhibitors alone or in combination with standard of care should be further explored for DPM therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aurora Costa
- Department of Medical Biotechnologies, University of Siena, Siena, Italy
| | - Iris Maria Forte
- Experimental ClinicalOncology of Breast Unit, Department of Breast and Thoracic Oncology, Istituto Nazionale Tumori IRCCS "Fondazione G. Pascale", Naples, Italy
| | - Francesca Pentimalli
- Department of Medicine and Surgery, LUM University "Giuseppe De Gennaro", Bari, Italy
| | - Carmelina Antonella Iannuzzi
- Experimental ClinicalOncology of Breast Unit, Department of Breast and Thoracic Oncology, Istituto Nazionale Tumori IRCCS "Fondazione G. Pascale", Naples, Italy
| | - Luigi Alfano
- Experimental ClinicalOncology of Breast Unit, Department of Breast and Thoracic Oncology, Istituto Nazionale Tumori IRCCS "Fondazione G. Pascale", Naples, Italy
| | - Francesca Capone
- Experimental Pharmacology Unit-Laboratories of Naples andMercogliano (AV), Istituto Nazionale Tumori IRCCS "Fondazione G. Pascale", Naples, Italy
| | - Rosa Camerlingo
- Cell Biology and Biotherapy Unit, Istituto Nazionale Tumori, IRCCS, Fondazione G. Pascale, Naples, Italy
| | - Alessandra Calabrese
- Experimental ClinicalOncology of Breast Unit, Department of Breast and Thoracic Oncology, Istituto Nazionale Tumori IRCCS "Fondazione G. Pascale", Naples, Italy
| | - Claudia von Arx
- Experimental ClinicalOncology of Breast Unit, Department of Breast and Thoracic Oncology, Istituto Nazionale Tumori IRCCS "Fondazione G. Pascale", Naples, Italy
| | - Reyes Benot Dominguez
- Sbarro Institute for Cancer Research and Molecular Medicine, Center for Biotechnology, Department of Biology, College of Science and Technology, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA, United States
| | | | - Michelino De Laurentiis
- Experimental ClinicalOncology of Breast Unit, Department of Breast and Thoracic Oncology, Istituto Nazionale Tumori IRCCS "Fondazione G. Pascale", Naples, Italy
| | - Andrea Morrione
- Sbarro Institute for Cancer Research and Molecular Medicine, Center for Biotechnology, Department of Biology, College of Science and Technology, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA, United States
| | - Antonio Giordano
- Department of Medical Biotechnologies, University of Siena, Siena, Italy
- Sbarro Institute for Cancer Research and Molecular Medicine, Center for Biotechnology, Department of Biology, College of Science and Technology, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA, United States
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Di Maio G, Alessio N, Ambrosino A, Al Sammarraie SHA, Monda M, Di Bernardo G. Irisin influences the in vitro differentiation of human mesenchymal stromal cells, promoting a tendency toward beiging adipogenesis. J Cell Biochem 2024; 125:e30565. [PMID: 38591469 DOI: 10.1002/jcb.30565] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2023] [Revised: 03/10/2024] [Accepted: 04/01/2024] [Indexed: 04/10/2024]
Abstract
Mammals exhibit two distinct types of adipose depots: white adipose tissue (WAT) and brown adipose tissue (BAT). While WAT primarily functions as a site for energy storage, BAT serves as a thermogenic tissue that utilizes energy and glucose consumption to regulate core body temperature. Under specific stimuli such as exercise, cold exposure, and drug treatment, white adipocytes possess a remarkable ability to undergo transdifferentiation into brown-like cells known as beige adipocytes. This transformation process, known as the "browning of WAT," leads to the acquisition of new morphological and physiological characteristics by white adipocytes. We investigated the potential role of Irisin, a 12 kDa myokine that is secreted in mice and humans by skeletal muscle after physical activity, in inducing the browning process in mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs). A subset of the MSCs possesses the remarkable capability to differentiate into different cell types such as adipocytes, osteocytes, and chondrocytes. Consequently, comprehending the effects of Irisin on MSC biology becomes a crucial factor in investigating antiobesity medications. In our study, the primary objective is to evaluate the impact of Irisin on various cell types engaged in distinct stages of the differentiation process, including stem cells, committed precursors, and preadipocytes. By analyzing the effects of Irisin on these specific cell populations, our aim is to gain a comprehensive understanding of its influence throughout the entire differentiation process, rather than solely concentrating on the final differentiated cells. This approach enables us to obtain insights into the broader effects of Irisin on the cellular dynamics and mechanisms involved in adipogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Girolamo Di Maio
- Human Physiology and Unit of Dietetic and Sports Medicine Section, Department of Experimental Medicine, School of Medicine, University of Campania Luigi Vanvitelli, Naples, Italy
| | - Nicola Alessio
- Biotechnology and Molecular Biology Section, Department of Experimental Medicine, School of Medicine, University of Campania Luigi Vanvitelli, Naples, Italy
| | - Alessia Ambrosino
- Biotechnology and Molecular Biology Section, Department of Experimental Medicine, School of Medicine, University of Campania Luigi Vanvitelli, Naples, Italy
| | - Sura H A Al Sammarraie
- Biotechnology and Molecular Biology Section, Department of Experimental Medicine, School of Medicine, University of Campania Luigi Vanvitelli, Naples, Italy
| | - Marcellino Monda
- Human Physiology and Unit of Dietetic and Sports Medicine Section, Department of Experimental Medicine, School of Medicine, University of Campania Luigi Vanvitelli, Naples, Italy
| | - Giovanni Di Bernardo
- Biotechnology and Molecular Biology Section, Department of Experimental Medicine, School of Medicine, University of Campania Luigi Vanvitelli, Naples, Italy
- Center for Biotechnology, Sbarro Institute for Cancer Research and Molecular Medicine, Temple University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
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Sun B, Meng XH, Li YM, Lin H, Xiao ZD. MicroRNA-18a prevents senescence of mesenchymal stem cells by targeting CTDSPL. Aging (Albany NY) 2024; 16:4904-4919. [PMID: 38460957 PMCID: PMC10968691 DOI: 10.18632/aging.205642] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2023] [Accepted: 12/26/2023] [Indexed: 03/11/2024]
Abstract
Stem cell therapy requires massive-scale homogeneous stem cells under strict qualification control. However, Prolonged ex vivo expansion impairs the biological functions and results in senescence of mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs). We investigated the function of CTDSPL in the premature senescence process of MSCs and clarified that miR-18a-5p played a prominent role in preventing senescence of long-term cultured MSCs and promoting the self-renewal ability of MSCs. Over-expression of CTDSPL resulted in an enlarged morphology, up-regulation of p16 and accumulation of SA-β-gal of MSCs. The reduced phosphorylated RB suggested cell cycle arrest of MSCs. All these results implied that CTDSPL induced premature senescence of MSCs. We further demonstrated that miR-18a-5p was a putative regulator of CTDSPL by luciferase reporter assay. Inhibition of miR-18a-5p promoted the expression of CTDSPL and induced premature senescence of MSCs. Continuous overexpression of miR-18a-5p improved self-renewal of MSCs by reducing ROS level, increased expression of Oct4 and Nanog, and promoted growth rate and differentiation capability. We reported for the first time that the dynamic interaction of miR-18a-5p and CTDSPL is crucial for stem cell senescence.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bo Sun
- State Key Laboratory of Digital Medical Engineering, School of Biological Science and Medical Engineering, Southeast University, Nanjing 210096, China
| | - Xian-Hui Meng
- State Key Laboratory of Digital Medical Engineering, School of Biological Science and Medical Engineering, Southeast University, Nanjing 210096, China
| | - Yu-Min Li
- State Key Laboratory of Digital Medical Engineering, School of Biological Science and Medical Engineering, Southeast University, Nanjing 210096, China
| | - Hao Lin
- Department of Clinical Science and Research, Zhongda Hospital, School of Medicine, Southeast University, Nanjing 210009, China
| | - Zhong-Dang Xiao
- State Key Laboratory of Digital Medical Engineering, School of Biological Science and Medical Engineering, Southeast University, Nanjing 210096, China
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Alessio N, Aprile D, Peluso G, Mazzone V, Patrone D, Di Bernardo G, Galderisi U. IGFBP5 is released by senescent cells and is internalized by healthy cells, promoting their senescence through interaction with retinoic receptors. Cell Commun Signal 2024; 22:122. [PMID: 38351010 PMCID: PMC10863175 DOI: 10.1186/s12964-024-01469-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2023] [Accepted: 01/02/2024] [Indexed: 02/16/2024] Open
Abstract
Cells that are exposed to harmful genetic damage, either from internal or external sources, may undergo senescence if they are unable to repair their DNA. Senescence, characterized by a state of irreversible growth arrest, can spread to neighboring cells through a process known as the senescence-associated secretory phenotype (SASP). This phenomenon contributes to both aging and the development of cancer. The SASP comprises a variety of factors that regulate numerous functions, including the induction of secondary senescence, modulation of immune system activity, remodeling of the extracellular matrix, alteration of tissue structure, and promotion of cancer progression. Identifying key factors within the SASP is crucial for understanding the underlying mechanisms of senescence and developing effective strategies to counteract cellular senescence. Our research has specifically focused on investigating the role of IGFBP5, a component of the SASP observed in various experimental models and conditions.Through our studies, we have demonstrated that IGFBP5 actively contributes to promoting senescence and can induce senescence in neighboring cells. We have gained valuable insights into the mechanisms through which IGFBP5 exerts its pro-senescence effects. These mechanisms include its release following genotoxic stress, involvement in signaling pathways mediated by reactive oxygen species and prostaglandins, internalization via specialized structures called caveolae, and interaction with a specific protein known as RARα. By uncovering these mechanisms, we have advanced our understanding of the intricate role of IGFBP5 in the senescence process. The significance of IGFBP5 as a pro-aging factor stems from an in vivo study we conducted on patients undergoing Computer Tomography analysis. In these patients, we observed an elevation in circulating IGFBP5 levels in response to radiation-induced organismal stress.Globally, our findings highlight the potential of IGFBP5 as a promising therapeutic target for age-related diseases and cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicola Alessio
- Department of Experimental Medicine, Luigi Vanvitelli Campania University, via Luigi De Crecchio 7, Naples, 80138, Italy
| | - Domenico Aprile
- Department of Experimental Medicine, Luigi Vanvitelli Campania University, via Luigi De Crecchio 7, Naples, 80138, Italy
| | | | - Valeria Mazzone
- Department of Experimental Medicine, Luigi Vanvitelli Campania University, via Luigi De Crecchio 7, Naples, 80138, Italy
| | - Deanira Patrone
- Department of Experimental Medicine, Luigi Vanvitelli Campania University, via Luigi De Crecchio 7, Naples, 80138, Italy
| | - Giovanni Di Bernardo
- Department of Experimental Medicine, Luigi Vanvitelli Campania University, via Luigi De Crecchio 7, Naples, 80138, Italy.
| | - Umberto Galderisi
- Department of Experimental Medicine, Luigi Vanvitelli Campania University, via Luigi De Crecchio 7, Naples, 80138, Italy.
- Genome and Stem Cell Center (GENKÖK), Erciyes University, Kayseri, Turkey.
- Center for Biotechnology, Sbarro Institute for Cancer Research and Molecular Medicine Temple University, PA, Philadelphia, USA.
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Alessio N, Acar MB, Squillaro T, Aprile D, Ayaz‐Güner Ş, Di Bernardo G, Peluso G, Özcan S, Galderisi U. Progression of irradiated mesenchymal stromal cells from early to late senescence: Changes in SASP composition and anti-tumour properties. Cell Prolif 2023; 56:e13401. [PMID: 36949664 PMCID: PMC10280137 DOI: 10.1111/cpr.v56.6 10.1111/cpr.13401] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2022] [Revised: 12/29/2022] [Accepted: 12/30/2022] [Indexed: 09/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Genotoxic injuries converge on senescence-executive program that promotes production of a senescence-specific secretome (SASP). The study of SASP is particularly intriguing, since through it a senescence process, triggered in a few cells, can spread to many other cells and produce either beneficial or negative consequences for health. We analysed the SASP of quiescent mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs) following stress induced premature senescence (SIPS) by ionizing radiation exposure. We performed a proteome analysis of SASP content obtained from early and late senescent cells. The bioinformatics studies evidenced that early and late SASPs, besides some common ontologies and signalling pathways, contain specific factors. In spite of these differences, we evidenced that SASPs can block in vitro proliferation of cancer cells and promote senescence/apoptosis. It is possible to imagine that SASP always contains core components that have an anti-tumour activity, the progression from early to late senescence enriches the SASP of factors that may promote SASP tumorigenic activity only by interacting and instructing cells of the immune system. Our results on Caco-2 cancer cells incubated with late SASP in presence of peripheral white blood cells strongly support this hypothesis. We evidenced that quiescent MSCs following SIPS produced SASP that, while progressively changed its composition, preserved the capacity to block cancer growth by inducing senescence and/or apoptosis only in an autonomous manner.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicola Alessio
- Department of Experimental MedicineLuigi Vanvitelli Campania UniversityNaplesItaly
| | | | - Tiziana Squillaro
- Department of Experimental MedicineLuigi Vanvitelli Campania UniversityNaplesItaly
| | - Domenico Aprile
- Department of Experimental MedicineLuigi Vanvitelli Campania UniversityNaplesItaly
| | - Şerife Ayaz‐Güner
- Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Faculty of Life and Natural ScienceAbdullah Gül UniversityKayseriTurkey
- Department of Molecular Biology and GeneticsIzmir Institute of TechnologyIzmirTurkey
| | - Giovanni Di Bernardo
- Department of Experimental MedicineLuigi Vanvitelli Campania UniversityNaplesItaly
- The Interuniversity Consortium “Istituto Nazionale Biostrutture e Biosistemi” (INBB – Biostructures and Biosystems National Institute)RomeItaly
| | | | - Servet Özcan
- Genome and Stem Cell Center (GENKÖK) Erciyes UniversityKayseriTurkey
- Department of Biology, Faculty of ScienceErciyes UniversityKayseriTurkey
| | - Umberto Galderisi
- Department of Experimental MedicineLuigi Vanvitelli Campania UniversityNaplesItaly
- Genome and Stem Cell Center (GENKÖK) Erciyes UniversityKayseriTurkey
- Department of Molecular Biology and GeneticsIzmir Institute of TechnologyIzmirTurkey
- Sbarro Institute for Cancer Research and Molecular Medicine, Center for BiotechnologyTemple UniversityPhiladelphiaPennsylvaniaUSA
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Alessio N, Acar MB, Squillaro T, Aprile D, Ayaz‐Güner Ş, Di Bernardo G, Peluso G, Özcan S, Galderisi U. Progression of irradiated mesenchymal stromal cells from early to late senescence: Changes in SASP composition and anti-tumour properties. Cell Prolif 2023; 56:e13401. [PMID: 36949664 PMCID: PMC10280137 DOI: 10.1111/cpr.v56.6+10.1111/cpr.13401] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2022] [Revised: 12/29/2022] [Accepted: 12/30/2022] [Indexed: 01/20/2024] Open
Abstract
Genotoxic injuries converge on senescence-executive program that promotes production of a senescence-specific secretome (SASP). The study of SASP is particularly intriguing, since through it a senescence process, triggered in a few cells, can spread to many other cells and produce either beneficial or negative consequences for health. We analysed the SASP of quiescent mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs) following stress induced premature senescence (SIPS) by ionizing radiation exposure. We performed a proteome analysis of SASP content obtained from early and late senescent cells. The bioinformatics studies evidenced that early and late SASPs, besides some common ontologies and signalling pathways, contain specific factors. In spite of these differences, we evidenced that SASPs can block in vitro proliferation of cancer cells and promote senescence/apoptosis. It is possible to imagine that SASP always contains core components that have an anti-tumour activity, the progression from early to late senescence enriches the SASP of factors that may promote SASP tumorigenic activity only by interacting and instructing cells of the immune system. Our results on Caco-2 cancer cells incubated with late SASP in presence of peripheral white blood cells strongly support this hypothesis. We evidenced that quiescent MSCs following SIPS produced SASP that, while progressively changed its composition, preserved the capacity to block cancer growth by inducing senescence and/or apoptosis only in an autonomous manner.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicola Alessio
- Department of Experimental MedicineLuigi Vanvitelli Campania UniversityNaplesItaly
| | | | - Tiziana Squillaro
- Department of Experimental MedicineLuigi Vanvitelli Campania UniversityNaplesItaly
| | - Domenico Aprile
- Department of Experimental MedicineLuigi Vanvitelli Campania UniversityNaplesItaly
| | - Şerife Ayaz‐Güner
- Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Faculty of Life and Natural ScienceAbdullah Gül UniversityKayseriTurkey
- Department of Molecular Biology and GeneticsIzmir Institute of TechnologyIzmirTurkey
| | - Giovanni Di Bernardo
- Department of Experimental MedicineLuigi Vanvitelli Campania UniversityNaplesItaly
- The Interuniversity Consortium “Istituto Nazionale Biostrutture e Biosistemi” (INBB – Biostructures and Biosystems National Institute)RomeItaly
| | | | - Servet Özcan
- Genome and Stem Cell Center (GENKÖK) Erciyes UniversityKayseriTurkey
- Department of Biology, Faculty of ScienceErciyes UniversityKayseriTurkey
| | - Umberto Galderisi
- Department of Experimental MedicineLuigi Vanvitelli Campania UniversityNaplesItaly
- Genome and Stem Cell Center (GENKÖK) Erciyes UniversityKayseriTurkey
- Department of Molecular Biology and GeneticsIzmir Institute of TechnologyIzmirTurkey
- Sbarro Institute for Cancer Research and Molecular Medicine, Center for BiotechnologyTemple UniversityPhiladelphiaPennsylvaniaUSA
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Siraj Y, Galderisi U, Alessio N. Senescence induces fundamental changes in the secretome of mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs): implications for the therapeutic use of MSCs and their derivates. Front Bioeng Biotechnol 2023; 11:1148761. [PMID: 37229499 PMCID: PMC10203235 DOI: 10.3389/fbioe.2023.1148761] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2023] [Accepted: 04/24/2023] [Indexed: 05/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs) are a heterogeneous population containing multipotent adult stem cells with a multi-lineage differentiation capacity, which differentiated into mesodermal derivatives. MSCs are employed for therapeutic purposes and several investigations have demonstrated that the positive effects of MSC transplants are due to the capacity of MSCs to modulate tissue homeostasis and repair via the activity of their secretome. Indeed, the MSC-derived secretomes are now an alternative strategy to cell transplantation due to their anti-inflammatory, anti-apoptotic, and regenerative effects. The cellular senescence is a dynamic process that leads to permanent cell cycle arrest, loss of healthy cells' physiological functions and acquiring new activities, which are mainly accrued through the release of many factors, indicated as senescence-associated secretory phenotype (SASP). The senescence occurring in stem cells, such as those present in MSCs, may have detrimental effects on health since it can undermine tissue homeostasis and repair. The analysis of MSC secretome is important either for the MSC transplants and for the therapeutic use of secretome. Indeed, the secretome of MSCs, which is the main mechanism of their therapeutic activity, loses its beneficial functions and acquire negative pro-inflammatory and pro-aging activities when MSCs become senescent. When MSCs or their derivatives are planned to be used for therapeutic purposes, great attention must be paid to these changes. In this review, we analyzed changes occurring in MSC secretome following the switch from healthy to senescence status.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yesuf Siraj
- Department of Experimental Medicine, University of Campania, Naples, Italy
- Department of Medical Laboratory Sciences, School of Health Sciences, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, Bahir Dar University, Bahir Dar, Ethiopia
| | - Umberto Galderisi
- Department of Experimental Medicine, University of Campania, Naples, Italy
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Erciyes University, Kayseri, Türkiye
- Center for Biotechnology, Sbarro Institute for Cancer Research and Molecular Medicine, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA, United States
| | - Nicola Alessio
- Department of Experimental Medicine, University of Campania, Naples, Italy
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Al Sammarraie SHA, Aprile D, Meloni I, Alessio N, Mari F, Manata M, Lo Rizzo C, Di Bernardo G, Peluso G, Renieri A, Galderisi U. An Example of Neuro-Glial Commitment and Differentiation of Muse Stem Cells Obtained from Patients with IQSEC2-Related Neural Disorder: A Possible New Cell-Based Disease Model. Cells 2023; 12:cells12070977. [PMID: 37048050 PMCID: PMC10093355 DOI: 10.3390/cells12070977] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2023] [Revised: 03/13/2023] [Accepted: 03/21/2023] [Indexed: 04/14/2023] Open
Abstract
Although adult stem cells may be useful for studying tissue-specific diseases, they cannot be used as a general model for investigating human illnesses given their limited differentiation potential. Multilineage-differentiating stress-enduring (Muse) stem cells, a SSEA3(+) cell population isolated from mesenchymal stromal cells, fat, and skin fibroblasts, may be able to overcome that restriction. The Muse cells present in fibroblast cultures obtained from biopsies of patients' skin may be differentiated into cells of interest for analyzing diseases. We isolated Muse stem cells from patients with an intellectual disability (ID) and mutations in the IQSEC2 gene (i.e., BRAG1 gene) and induced in vitro neuroglial differentiation to study cell commitment and the differentiation of neural lineages. The neuroglial differentiation of Muse cells revealed that IQSEC2 mutations may alter the self-renewal and lineage specification of stem cells. We observed a decrease in the percentage of SOX2 (+) neural stem cells and neural progenitors (i.e., SOX2+ and NESTIN+) in cultures obtained from Muse cells with the mutated IQSEC2 gene. The alteration in the number of stem cells and progenitors produced a bias toward the astrocytes' differentiation. Our research demonstrates that Muse stem cells may represent a new cell-based disease model.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Domenico Aprile
- Department of Experimental Medicine, Luigi Vanvitelli Campania University, 80138 Naples, Italy
| | - Ilaria Meloni
- Department of Medical Biotechnology, University of Siena, 53100 Siena, Italy
| | - Nicola Alessio
- Department of Experimental Medicine, Luigi Vanvitelli Campania University, 80138 Naples, Italy
| | - Francesca Mari
- Department of Medical Biotechnology, University of Siena, 53100 Siena, Italy
| | - Marianna Manata
- Department of Medical Biotechnology, University of Siena, 53100 Siena, Italy
| | - Caterina Lo Rizzo
- Department of Medical Biotechnology, University of Siena, 53100 Siena, Italy
| | - Giovanni Di Bernardo
- Department of Experimental Medicine, Luigi Vanvitelli Campania University, 80138 Naples, Italy
- Sbarro Institute for Cancer Research and Molecular Medicine, Center for Biotechnology, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA 19122, USA
| | | | - Alessandra Renieri
- Department of Medical Biotechnology, University of Siena, 53100 Siena, Italy
| | - Umberto Galderisi
- Department of Experimental Medicine, Luigi Vanvitelli Campania University, 80138 Naples, Italy
- Sbarro Institute for Cancer Research and Molecular Medicine, Center for Biotechnology, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA 19122, USA
- Genome and Stem Cell Center (GENKÖK), Erciyes University, 38280 Kayseri, Turkey
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Zhang Y, Mao H, Li Y, Xiong Y, Liu X, Wang L, Chen Z. β-Cryptoxanthin Maintains Mitochondrial Function by Promoting NRF2 Nuclear Translocation to Inhibit Oxidative Stress-Induced Senescence in HK-2 Cells. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24043851. [PMID: 36835262 PMCID: PMC9963668 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24043851] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2022] [Revised: 02/02/2023] [Accepted: 02/06/2023] [Indexed: 02/17/2023] Open
Abstract
The mechanisms of acute kidney injury and chronic kidney disease remain incompletely revealed, and drug development is a pressing clinical challenge. Oxidative stress-induced cellular senescence and mitochondrial damage are important biological events in a variety of kidney diseases. As a type of carotenoid, β-Cryptoxanthin (BCX) has various biological functions, which means it is a potential therapeutic candidate for the treatment of kidney disease. However, the role of BCX in the kidney is unclear, and the effect of BCX on oxidative stress and cellular senescence in renal cells is also unknown. Therefore, we conducted a series of studies on human renal tubular epithelial (HK-2) cells in vitro. In the present study, we investigated the effect of BCX pretreatment on H2O2-induced oxidative stress and cellular senescence and explored the potential mechanism of BCX action. The results showed that BCX attenuated H2O2-induced oxidative stress and cellular senescence in HK-2 cells. Moreover, BCX promoted NRF2 nuclear expression, maintained mitochondrial function, and reduced mitochondrial damage in HK-2 cells. In addition, silencing NRF2 altered the protective effect of BCX on mitochondria and significantly reversed the anti-oxidative stress and anti-senescence effects of BCX in HK-2 cells. We concluded that BCX maintained mitochondrial function by promoting NRF2 nuclear translocation to inhibit oxidative stress-induced senescence in HK-2 cells. In light of these findings, the application of BCX might be a promising strategy for the prevention and treatment of kidney diseases.
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Najahi H, Alessio N, Squillaro T, Conti GO, Ferrante M, Di Bernardo G, Galderisi U, Messaoudi I, Minucci S, Banni M. Environmental microplastics (EMPs) exposure alter the differentiation potential of mesenchymal stromal cells. ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2022; 214:114088. [PMID: 35973457 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2022.114088] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2022] [Revised: 08/05/2022] [Accepted: 08/06/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Humans are exposed to environmental microplastic (MPs) that can be frequent in surrounding environment. The mesenchymal stromal cells are a heterogeneous population, which contain fibroblasts and stromal cells, progenitor cells and stem cells. They are part of the stromal component of most tissue and organs in our organisms. Any injury to their functions may impair tissue renewal and homeostasis. We evaluated the effects of different size MPs that could be present in water bottles on human bone marrow mesenchymal stromal cells (BMMSCs) and adipose mesenchymal stromal cells (AMSCs). MPs of polyethylene terephthalate (MPs-PET) (<1 μm and <2.6 μm) were tested in this study. PET treatments induced a reduction in proliferating cells (around 30%) associated either with the onset of senescence or increase in apoptosis. The AMSCs and BMMSCs exposed to PET showed an alteration of differentiation potential. AMSCs remained in an early stage of adipocyte differentiation as shown by high levels of mRNA for Peroxisome Proliferator Activated Receptor Gamma (PPARG) (7.51 vs 1.00) and reduction in Lipoprotein Lipase (LPL) mRNA levels (0.5 vs 1.0). A loss of differentiation capacity was also observed for the osteocyte phenotype in BMMSCs. In particular, we observed a reduction in Bone Gamma-Carboxy glutamate Protein (BGLAP) (0.4 for PET1 and 0.6 for PET2.6 vs 0.1 CTRL) and reduction in Osteopontin (SPP1) (0.3 for PET 1 and 0.64 for PET 2.6 vs 0.1 CTRL). This pioneering mesenchymal cell response study demonstrated that environmental microplastic could be bioavailable for cell uptake and may further lead to irreversible diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hana Najahi
- Laboratory of Agrobiodiversity and Ecotoxicology LR21AGR02, Sousse University, Chott-Mariem, 4042, Sousse, Tunisia; Higher Institute of Biotechnology, Monastir University, Tunisia
| | - Nicola Alessio
- Department of Experimental Medicine, "Luigi Vanvitelli" Campania University, 81038, Napoli, Italy
| | - Tiziana Squillaro
- Department of Experimental Medicine, "Luigi Vanvitelli" Campania University, 81038, Napoli, Italy
| | - Gea Oliveri Conti
- Environmental and Food Hygiene Laboratory (LIAA), Department of Medical, Surgical Sciences and Advanced Technologies G. F. Ingrassia, Catania University, Via Santa Sofia 87, 95123, Catania, Italy
| | - Margherita Ferrante
- Environmental and Food Hygiene Laboratory (LIAA), Department of Medical, Surgical Sciences and Advanced Technologies G. F. Ingrassia, Catania University, Via Santa Sofia 87, 95123, Catania, Italy
| | - Giovanni Di Bernardo
- Department of Experimental Medicine, "Luigi Vanvitelli" Campania University, 81038, Napoli, Italy
| | - Umberto Galderisi
- Department of Experimental Medicine, "Luigi Vanvitelli" Campania University, 81038, Napoli, Italy
| | - Imed Messaoudi
- Higher Institute of Biotechnology, Monastir University, Tunisia
| | - Sergio Minucci
- Department of Experimental Medicine, "Luigi Vanvitelli" Campania University, 81038, Napoli, Italy
| | - Mohamed Banni
- Laboratory of Agrobiodiversity and Ecotoxicology LR21AGR02, Sousse University, Chott-Mariem, 4042, Sousse, Tunisia; Higher Institute of Biotechnology, Monastir University, Tunisia.
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11
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Nanomedicine-Based Gene Delivery for a Truncated Tumor Suppressor RB94 Promotes Lung Cancer Immunity. Cancers (Basel) 2022; 14:cancers14205092. [DOI: 10.3390/cancers14205092] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2022] [Revised: 10/13/2022] [Accepted: 10/15/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Because lung cancer remains the most common and lethal of cancers, novel therapeutic approaches are urgently needed. RB94 is a truncated form of retinoblastoma tumor suppressor protein with elevated anti-tumor efficacy. Our investigational nanomedicine (termed scL-RB94) is a tumor-targeted liposomal formulation of a plasmid containing the gene encoding RB94. In this research, we studied anti-tumor and immune modulation activities of scL-RB94 nanocomplex in preclinical models of human non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). Systemic treatment with scL-RB94 of mice bearing human NSCLC tumors significantly inhibited tumor growth by lowering proliferation and increasing apoptosis of tumor cells in vivo. scL-RB94 treatment also boosted anti-tumor immune responses by upregulating immune recognition molecules and recruiting innate immune cells such as natural killer (NK) cells. Antibody-mediated depletion of NK cells blunted the anti-tumor activity of scL-RB94, suggesting that NK cells were crucial for the observed anti-tumor activity in these xenograft models. Treatment with scL-RB94 also altered the polarization of tumor-associated macrophages by reducing immune-suppressive M2 macrophages to lower immune suppression in the tumor microenvironment. Collectively, our data suggest that the efficacy of scL-RB94 against NSCLC is due to an induction of tumor cell death as well as enhancement of innate anti-tumor immunity.
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12
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In Vitro and In Vivo Modeling of Normal and Leukemic Bone Marrow Niches: Cellular Senescence Contribution to Leukemia Induction and Progression. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23137350. [PMID: 35806354 PMCID: PMC9266537 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23137350] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2022] [Revised: 06/25/2022] [Accepted: 06/27/2022] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Cellular senescence is recognized as a dynamic process in which cells evolve and adapt in a context dependent manner; consequently, senescent cells can exert both beneficial and deleterious effects on their surroundings. Specifically, senescent mesenchymal stromal cells (MSC) in the bone marrow (BM) have been linked to the generation of a supporting microenvironment that enhances malignant cell survival. However, the study of MSC’s senescence role in leukemia development has been straitened not only by the availability of suitable models that faithfully reflect the structural complexity and biological diversity of the events triggered in the BM, but also by the lack of a universal, standardized method to measure senescence. Despite these constraints, two- and three dimensional in vitro models have been continuously improved in terms of cell culture techniques, support materials and analysis methods; in addition, research on animal models tends to focus on the development of techniques that allow tracking leukemic and senescent cells in the living organism, as well as to modify the available mice strains to generate individuals that mimic human BM characteristics. Here, we present the main advances in leukemic niche modeling, discussing advantages and limitations of the different systems, focusing on the contribution of senescent MSC to leukemia progression.
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13
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He Y, Xie W, Li H, Jin H, Zhang Y, Li Y. Cellular Senescence in Sarcopenia: Possible Mechanisms and Therapeutic Potential. Front Cell Dev Biol 2022; 9:793088. [PMID: 35083219 PMCID: PMC8784872 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2021.793088] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2021] [Accepted: 12/22/2021] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Aging promotes most degenerative pathologies in mammals, which are characterized by progressive decline of function at molecular, cellular, tissue, and organismal levels and account for a host of health care expenditures in both developing and developed nations. Sarcopenia is a prominent age-related disorder in musculoskeletal system. Defined as gradual and generalized chronic skeletal muscle disorder, sarcopenia involves accelerated loss of muscle mass, strength and function, which is associated with increased adverse functional outcomes and evolutionally refers to muscle wasting accompanied by other geriatric syndromes. More efforts have been made to clarify mechanisms underlying sarcopenia and new findings suggest that it may be feasible to delay age-related sarcopenia by modulating fundamental mechanisms such as cellular senescence. Cellular senescence refers to the essentially irreversible growth arrest mainly regulated by p53/p21CIP1 and p16INK4a/pRB pathways as organism ages, possibly detrimentally contributing to sarcopenia via muscle stem cells (MuSCs) dysfunction and the senescence-associated secretory phenotype (SASP) while cellular senescence may have beneficial functions in counteracting cancer progression, tissue regeneration and wound healing. By now diverse studies in mice and humans have established that targeting cellular senescence is a powerful strategy to alleviating sarcopenia. However, the mechanisms through which senescent cells contribute to sarcopenia progression need to be further researched. We review the possible mechanisms involved in muscle stem cells (MuSCs) dysfunction and the SASP resulting from cellular senescence, their associations with sarcopenia, current emerging therapeutic opportunities based on targeting cellular senescence relevant to sarcopenia, and potential paths to developing clinical interventions genetically or pharmacologically.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yongyu He
- Department of Orthopedics, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China.,Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Wenqing Xie
- Department of Orthopedics, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China.,National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Hengzhen Li
- Department of Orthopedics, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China.,National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Hongfu Jin
- Department of Orthopedics, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China.,National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Yi Zhang
- Department of Orthopedics, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China.,National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Yusheng Li
- Department of Orthopedics, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China.,National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
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14
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Marei HE, Althani A, Afifi N, Hasan A, Caceci T, Pozzoli G, Morrione A, Giordano A, Cenciarelli C. p53 signaling in cancer progression and therapy. Cancer Cell Int 2021; 21:703. [PMID: 34952583 PMCID: PMC8709944 DOI: 10.1186/s12935-021-02396-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 163] [Impact Index Per Article: 54.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2021] [Accepted: 12/06/2021] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
The p53 protein is a transcription factor known as the "guardian of the genome" because of its critical function in preserving genomic integrity. The TP53 gene is mutated in approximately half of all human malignancies, including those of the breast, colon, lung, liver, prostate, bladder, and skin. When DNA damage occurs, the TP53 gene on human chromosome 17 stops the cell cycle. If p53 protein is mutated, the cell cycle is unrestricted and the damaged DNA is replicated, resulting in uncontrolled cell proliferation and cancer tumours. Tumor-associated p53 mutations are usually associated with phenotypes distinct from those caused by the loss of the tumor-suppressing function exerted by wild-type p53protein. Many of these mutant p53 proteins have oncogenic characteristics, and therefore modulate the ability of cancer cells to proliferate, escape apoptosis, invade and metastasize. Because p53 deficiency is so common in human cancer, this protein is an excellent option for cancer treatment. In this review, we will discuss some of the molecular pathways by which mutant p53 proteins might perform their oncogenic activities, as well as prospective treatment methods based on restoring tumor suppressive p53 functions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hany E Marei
- Department of Cytology and Histology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Mansoura University, Mansoura, 35116, Egypt.
| | - Asmaa Althani
- Biomedical Research Center, Qatar University, Doha, Qatar
| | | | - Anwarul Hasan
- Department of Mechanical and Industrial Engineering, College of Engineering, Qatar University, Doha, Qatar
| | - Thomas Caceci
- Biomedical Sciences, Virginia Maryland College of Veterinary Medicine, Blacksburg, VA, USA
| | - Giacomo Pozzoli
- Pharmacology Unit, Fondazione Policlinico A. Gemelli, IRCCS, Rome, Italy
| | - Andrea Morrione
- Sbarro Institute for Cancer Research and Molecular Medicine. Center for Biotechnology, College of Science and Technology, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Antonio Giordano
- Sbarro Institute for Cancer Research and Molecular Medicine. Center for Biotechnology, College of Science and Technology, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA, USA
- Department of Medical Biotechnology, University of Siena, Siena, Italy
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15
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Alessio N, Squillaro T, Lettiero I, Galano G, De Rosa R, Peluso G, Galderisi U, Di Bernardo G. Biomolecular Evaluation of Piceatannol's Effects in Counteracting the Senescence of Mesenchymal Stromal Cells: A New Candidate for Senotherapeutics? Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms222111619. [PMID: 34769049 PMCID: PMC8583715 DOI: 10.3390/ijms222111619] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2021] [Revised: 10/22/2021] [Accepted: 10/25/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Several investigations on senescence and its causative role in aging have underscored the importance of developing senotherapeutics, a field focused on killing senescent cells and/or preventing their accumulation within tissues. Using polyphenols in counteracting senescence may facilitate the development of senotherapeutics given their presence in the human diet, their confirmed tolerability and absence of severe side effects, and their role in preventing senescence and inducing the death of senescent cells. Against that background, we evaluated the effect of piceatannol, a natural polyphenol, on the senescence of mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs), which play a key role in the body's homeostasis. Among our results, piceatannol reduced the number of senescent cells both after genotoxic stress that induced acute senescence and in senescent replicative cultures. Such senotherapeutics activity, moreover, promoted the recovery of cell proliferation and the stemness properties of MSCs. Altogether, our findings demonstrate piceatannol's effectiveness in counteracting senescence by targeting its associated pathways and detecting and affecting P53-dependent and P53-independent senescence. Our study thus suggests that, given piceatannol's various mechanisms to accomplish its pleiotropic activities, it may be able to counteract any senescent phenotypes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicola Alessio
- Department of Experimental Medicine, Biotechnology and Molecular Biology Section, University of Campania “Luigi Vanvitelli”, 80138 Naples, Italy; (N.A.); (T.S.); (I.L.)
| | - Tiziana Squillaro
- Department of Experimental Medicine, Biotechnology and Molecular Biology Section, University of Campania “Luigi Vanvitelli”, 80138 Naples, Italy; (N.A.); (T.S.); (I.L.)
| | - Ida Lettiero
- Department of Experimental Medicine, Biotechnology and Molecular Biology Section, University of Campania “Luigi Vanvitelli”, 80138 Naples, Italy; (N.A.); (T.S.); (I.L.)
| | - Giovanni Galano
- ASL Napoli 1 Centro P.S.I. Napoli Est-Barra, 80147 Naples, Italy; (G.G.); (R.D.R.)
| | - Roberto De Rosa
- ASL Napoli 1 Centro P.S.I. Napoli Est-Barra, 80147 Naples, Italy; (G.G.); (R.D.R.)
| | - Gianfranco Peluso
- Research Institute on Terrestrial Ecosystems, CNR, 80131 Naples, Italy;
| | - Umberto Galderisi
- Department of Experimental Medicine, Biotechnology and Molecular Biology Section, University of Campania “Luigi Vanvitelli”, 80138 Naples, Italy; (N.A.); (T.S.); (I.L.)
- Center for Biotechnology, Sbarro Institute for Cancer Research and Molecular Medicine, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA 19122, USA
- Correspondence: (U.G.); (G.D.B.)
| | - Giovanni Di Bernardo
- Department of Experimental Medicine, Biotechnology and Molecular Biology Section, University of Campania “Luigi Vanvitelli”, 80138 Naples, Italy; (N.A.); (T.S.); (I.L.)
- Center for Biotechnology, Sbarro Institute for Cancer Research and Molecular Medicine, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA 19122, USA
- Correspondence: (U.G.); (G.D.B.)
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16
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Di Tomo P, Alessio N, Falone S, Pietrangelo L, Lanuti P, Cordone V, Santini SJ, Di Pietrantonio N, Marchisio M, Protasi F, Di Pietro N, Formoso G, Amicarelli F, Galderisi U, Pandolfi A. Endothelial cells from umbilical cord of women affected by gestational diabetes: A suitable in vitro model to study mechanisms of early vascular senescence in diabetes. FASEB J 2021; 35:e21662. [PMID: 34046935 DOI: 10.1096/fj.202002072rr] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2020] [Revised: 04/26/2021] [Accepted: 04/28/2021] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Human umbilical cord endothelial cells (HUVECs) obtained from women affected by gestational diabetes (GD-HUVECs) display durable pro-atherogenic modifications and might be considered a valid in vitro model for studying chronic hyperglycemia effects on early endothelial senescence. Here, we demonstrated that GD- compared to C-HUVECs (controls) exhibited oxidative stress, altered both mitochondrial membrane potential and antioxidant response, significant increase of senescent cells characterized by a reduced NAD-dependent deacetylase sirtuin-1 (SIRT1) activity together with an increase in cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitor-2A (P16), cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitor-1 (P21), and tumor protein p53 (P53) acetylation. This was associated with the p300 activation, and its silencing significantly reduced the GD-HUVECs increased protein levels of P300 and Ac-P53 thus indicating a persistent endothelial senescence via SIRT1/P300/P53/P21 pathway. Overall, our data suggest that GD-HUVECs can represent an "endothelial hyperglycemic memory" model to investigate in vitro the early endothelium senescence in cells chronically exposed to hyperglycemia in vivo.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pamela Di Tomo
- Department of Medical and Oral Sciences and Biotechnologies, University "G. d'Annunzio" of Chieti-Pescara, Chieti, Italy.,Center for Advanced Studies and Technology - CAST (ex CeSI-MeT), University "G. d'Annunzio" of Chieti-Pescara, Italy
| | - Nicola Alessio
- Department of Experimental Medicine, University of Campania "L. Vanvitelli", Napoli, Italy
| | - Stefano Falone
- Department of Life, Health and Environmental Sciences, University of L'Aquila, L'Aquila, Italy
| | - Laura Pietrangelo
- Center for Advanced Studies and Technology - CAST (ex CeSI-MeT), University "G. d'Annunzio" of Chieti-Pescara, Italy.,Department of Medicine and Aging Sciences, University "G. d'Annunzio" of Chieti-Pescara, Chieti, Italy
| | - Paola Lanuti
- Center for Advanced Studies and Technology - CAST (ex CeSI-MeT), University "G. d'Annunzio" of Chieti-Pescara, Italy.,Department of Medicine and Aging Sciences, University "G. d'Annunzio" of Chieti-Pescara, Chieti, Italy
| | - Valeria Cordone
- Department of Biomedical and Specialist Surgical Sciences, University of Ferrara, Ferrara, Italy
| | - Silvano Junior Santini
- Department of Life, Health and Environmental Sciences, University of L'Aquila, L'Aquila, Italy
| | - Nadia Di Pietrantonio
- Department of Medical and Oral Sciences and Biotechnologies, University "G. d'Annunzio" of Chieti-Pescara, Chieti, Italy.,Center for Advanced Studies and Technology - CAST (ex CeSI-MeT), University "G. d'Annunzio" of Chieti-Pescara, Italy
| | - Marco Marchisio
- Center for Advanced Studies and Technology - CAST (ex CeSI-MeT), University "G. d'Annunzio" of Chieti-Pescara, Italy.,Department of Medicine and Aging Sciences, University "G. d'Annunzio" of Chieti-Pescara, Chieti, Italy
| | - Feliciano Protasi
- Center for Advanced Studies and Technology - CAST (ex CeSI-MeT), University "G. d'Annunzio" of Chieti-Pescara, Italy.,Department of Medicine and Aging Sciences, University "G. d'Annunzio" of Chieti-Pescara, Chieti, Italy
| | - Natalia Di Pietro
- Department of Medical and Oral Sciences and Biotechnologies, University "G. d'Annunzio" of Chieti-Pescara, Chieti, Italy.,Center for Advanced Studies and Technology - CAST (ex CeSI-MeT), University "G. d'Annunzio" of Chieti-Pescara, Italy
| | - Gloria Formoso
- Center for Advanced Studies and Technology - CAST (ex CeSI-MeT), University "G. d'Annunzio" of Chieti-Pescara, Italy.,Department of Medicine and Aging Sciences, University "G. d'Annunzio" of Chieti-Pescara, Chieti, Italy
| | - Fernanda Amicarelli
- Department of Life, Health and Environmental Sciences, University of L'Aquila, L'Aquila, Italy
| | - Umberto Galderisi
- Department of Experimental Medicine, University of Campania "L. Vanvitelli", Napoli, Italy
| | - Assunta Pandolfi
- Department of Medical and Oral Sciences and Biotechnologies, University "G. d'Annunzio" of Chieti-Pescara, Chieti, Italy.,Center for Advanced Studies and Technology - CAST (ex CeSI-MeT), University "G. d'Annunzio" of Chieti-Pescara, Italy
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17
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Vitamin D Deficiency Induces Chronic Pain and Microglial Phenotypic Changes in Mice. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms22073604. [PMID: 33808491 PMCID: PMC8036382 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22073604] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2021] [Revised: 03/22/2021] [Accepted: 03/26/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
The bioactive form of vitamin D, 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D (1,25D3), exerts immunomodulatory actions resulting in neuroprotective effects potentially useful against neurodegenerative and autoimmune diseases. In fact, vitamin D deficiency status has been correlated with painful manifestations associated with different pathological conditions. In this study, we have investigated the effects of vitamin D deficiency on microglia cells, as they represent the main immune cells responsible for early defense at central nervous system (CNS), including chronic pain states. For this purpose, we have employed a model of low vitamin D intake during gestation to evaluate possible changes in primary microglia cells obtained from postnatal day(P)2-3 pups. Afterwards, pain measurement and microglia morphological analysis in the spinal cord level and in brain regions involved in the integration of pain perception were performed in the parents subjected to vitamin D restriction. In cultured microglia, we detected a reactive-activated and proliferative-phenotype associated with intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation. Oxidative stress was closely correlated with the extent of DNA damage and increased β-galactosidase (B-gal) activity. Interestingly, the incubation with 25D3 or 1,25D3 or palmitoylethanolamide, an endogenous ligand of peroxisome proliferator-activated-receptor-alpha (PPAR-α), reduced most of these effects. Morphological analysis of ex-vivo microglia obtained from vitamin-D-deficient adult mice revealed an increased number of activated microglia in the spinal cord, while in the brain microglia appeared in a dystrophic phenotype. Remarkably, activated (spinal) or dystrophic (brain) microglia were detected in a prominent manner in females. Our data indicate that vitamin D deficiency produces profound modifications in microglia, suggesting a possible role of these cells in the sensorial dysfunctions associated with hypovitaminosis D.
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18
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Different Stages of Quiescence, Senescence, and Cell Stress Identified by Molecular Algorithm Based on the Expression of Ki67, RPS6, and Beta-Galactosidase Activity. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms22063102. [PMID: 33803589 PMCID: PMC8002939 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22063102] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2021] [Revised: 02/16/2021] [Accepted: 03/12/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
During their life span, cells have two possible states: a non-cycling, quiescent state (G0) and a cycling, activated state. Cells may enter a reversible G0 state of quiescence or, alternatively, they may undergo an irreversible G0 state. The latter may be a physiological differentiation or, following a stress event, a senescent status. Discrimination among the several G0 states represents a significant investigation, since quiescence, differentiation, and senescence are progressive phenomena with intermediate transitional stages. We used the expression of Ki67, RPS6, and beta-galactosidase to identify healthy cells that progressively enter and leave quiescence through G0-entry, G0 and G0-alert states. We then evaluated how cells may enter senescence following a genotoxic stressful event. We identified an initial stress stage with the expression of beta-galactosidase and Ki67 proliferation marker. Cells may recover from stress events or become senescent passing through early and late senescence states. Discrimination between quiescence and senescence was based on the expression of RPS6, a marker of active protein synthesis that is present in senescent cells but absent in quiescent cells. Even taking into account that fixed G0 states do not exist, our molecular algorithm may represent a method for identifying turning points of G0 transitional states that continuously change.
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19
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Mandl M, Wagner SA, Hatzmann FM, Ejaz A, Ritthammer H, Baumgarten S, Viertler HP, Springer J, Zwierzina ME, Mattesich M, Brucker C, Waldegger P, Pierer G, Zwerschke W. Sprouty1 Prevents Cellular Senescence Maintaining Proliferation and Differentiation Capacity of Human Adipose Stem/Progenitor Cells. J Gerontol A Biol Sci Med Sci 2021; 75:2308-2319. [PMID: 32304210 PMCID: PMC7662188 DOI: 10.1093/gerona/glaa098] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2020] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
The role of Ras-Mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) signaling in cellular aging is not precisely understood. Recently, we identified Sprouty1 (SPRY1) as a weight-loss target gene in human adipose stem/progenitor cells (ASCs) and showed that Sprouty1 is important for proper regulation of adipogenesis. In the present study, we show that loss-of-function of Sprouty1 by CRISPR/Cas9-mediated genome editing in human ASCs leads to hyper-activation of MAPK signaling and a senescence phenotype. Sprouty1 knockout ASCs undergo an irreversible cell cycle arrest, become enlarged and stain positive for senescence-associated β-galactosidase. Sprouty1 down-regulation leads to DNA double strand breaks, a considerably increased number of senescence-associated heterochromatin foci and induction of p53 and p21Cip1. In addition, we detect an increase of hypo-phosphorylated Retinoblastoma (Rb) protein in SPRY1 knockout ASCs. p16Ink4A is not induced. Moreover, we show that Sprouty1 knockout leads to induction of a senescence-associated secretory phenotype as indicated by the activation of the transcription factors NFκB and C/EBPβ and a significant increase in mRNA expression and secretion of interleukin-8 (IL-8) and CXCL1/GROα. Finally, we demonstrate that adipogenesis is abrogated in senescent SPRY1 knockout ASCs. In conclusion, this study reveals a novel mechanism showing the importance of Sprouty1 for the prevention of senescence and the maintenance of the proliferation and differentiation capacity of human ASCs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Markus Mandl
- Division of Cell Metabolism and Differentiation Research, Research Institute for Biomedical Aging Research, University of Innsbruck, Austria.,Center for Molecular Biosciences Innsbruck (CMBI), University of Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Sonja A Wagner
- Division of Cell Metabolism and Differentiation Research, Research Institute for Biomedical Aging Research, University of Innsbruck, Austria.,Center for Molecular Biosciences Innsbruck (CMBI), University of Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Florian M Hatzmann
- Division of Cell Metabolism and Differentiation Research, Research Institute for Biomedical Aging Research, University of Innsbruck, Austria.,Center for Molecular Biosciences Innsbruck (CMBI), University of Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Asim Ejaz
- Division of Cell Metabolism and Differentiation Research, Research Institute for Biomedical Aging Research, University of Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Heike Ritthammer
- Division of Cell Metabolism and Differentiation Research, Research Institute for Biomedical Aging Research, University of Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Saphira Baumgarten
- Division of Cell Metabolism and Differentiation Research, Research Institute for Biomedical Aging Research, University of Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Hans P Viertler
- Division of Cell Metabolism and Differentiation Research, Research Institute for Biomedical Aging Research, University of Innsbruck, Austria.,Center for Molecular Biosciences Innsbruck (CMBI), University of Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Jochen Springer
- Division of Cell Metabolism and Differentiation Research, Research Institute for Biomedical Aging Research, University of Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Marit E Zwierzina
- Center for Molecular Biosciences Innsbruck (CMBI), University of Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Monika Mattesich
- Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Innsbruck Medical University, Austria
| | - Camille Brucker
- Division of Cell Metabolism and Differentiation Research, Research Institute for Biomedical Aging Research, University of Innsbruck, Austria.,Center for Molecular Biosciences Innsbruck (CMBI), University of Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Petra Waldegger
- Division of Cell Metabolism and Differentiation Research, Research Institute for Biomedical Aging Research, University of Innsbruck, Austria.,Center for Molecular Biosciences Innsbruck (CMBI), University of Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Gerhard Pierer
- Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Innsbruck Medical University, Austria
| | - Werner Zwerschke
- Division of Cell Metabolism and Differentiation Research, Research Institute for Biomedical Aging Research, University of Innsbruck, Austria.,Center for Molecular Biosciences Innsbruck (CMBI), University of Innsbruck, Austria
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20
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Konger RL, Ren L, Sahu RP, Derr-Yellin E, Kim YL. Evidence for a non-stochastic two-field hypothesis for persistent skin cancer risk. Sci Rep 2020; 10:19200. [PMID: 33154396 PMCID: PMC7645611 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-75864-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2020] [Accepted: 10/13/2020] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
With recurring carcinogen exposures, individual tumors develop in a field of genetic mutations through a stepwise process of clonal expansion and evolution. Once established, this “cancer field” persists in the absence of continued carcinogen exposures, resulting in a sustained risk for cancer development. Using a bioimaging approach, we previously demonstrated that a dermal premalignant field characterized by inflammatory angiogenesis persists following the cessation of ultraviolet light exposures and accurately predicts future overlying epidermal tumor formation. Following ultraviolet light treatments, others have observed that patches of p53 immunopositive cells persist stochastically throughout the epidermal stem cell population. However, these studies were done by random biopsies, introducing sampling bias. We now show that, rather than being randomly distributed, p53+ epidermal cells are enriched only in areas overlying this multi-focal dermal field. Moreover, we also show that the dermal field is characterized by a senescent phenotype. We propose that persistence of the overlying epithelial cancerization field in the absence of exogenous carcinogens or promoters requires a two-field composite consisting of a dermal senescent field driving the persistence of the overlying epidermal cancer field. These observations challenge current models that suggest that persistence of cancer risk in the absence of continued carcinogen exposures is simply a function of stochastically arranged, long-lived but dormant epithelial clonal stem cells mutants. The model proposed here could provide new insights into how cancer risk persists following cessation of carcinogenic exposures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Raymond L Konger
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Indiana University School of Medicine, 975 West Walnut Street, IB424F, Indianapolis, IN, 46202, USA. .,Department of Dermatology, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, USA. .,Department of Pathology, Richard L. Roudebush Veterans Administration Hospital, Indianapolis, IN, USA.
| | - Lu Ren
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Indiana University School of Medicine, 975 West Walnut Street, IB424F, Indianapolis, IN, 46202, USA
| | - Ravi P Sahu
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Boonshoft School of Medicine, Wright State University, Dayton, OH, USA
| | - Ethel Derr-Yellin
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Indiana University School of Medicine, 975 West Walnut Street, IB424F, Indianapolis, IN, 46202, USA
| | - Young L Kim
- Weldon School of Biomedical Engineering, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, USA
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21
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Vincent A, Natarajan V, Khetan V, Krishnakumar S, Parameswaran S. Heterozygous retinoblastoma gene mutation compromises in vitro osteogenesis of adipose mesenchymal stem cells - a temporal gene expression study. Exp Cell Res 2020; 396:112263. [PMID: 32890459 DOI: 10.1016/j.yexcr.2020.112263] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2020] [Revised: 08/28/2020] [Accepted: 08/30/2020] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
Osteosarcoma (OS) is a bone malignancy affecting children and adolescents. Retinoblastoma (RB) patients with germline RB1 mutations are susceptible to osteosarcoma in the second decade of their life. Several studies, particularly in mice, have revealed a role for RB1 in osteogenesis. Since, there is species specific difference attributed in retinoblastoma tumorigenesis between mice and human, we assumed, it is worthwhile exploring the role of RB1 in osteogenesis and thus onset of osteosarcoma. In this study, we analyzed the temporal gene expression of the osteogenic markers, tumor suppressor genes and hormone receptors associated with growth spurt during in vitro osteogenesis of mesenchymal stem cells derived from orbital adipose tissue of germline RB patients and compared it with those with wild type RB1 gene. Mesenchymal stem cells with the heterozygous RB1 mutation showed reduced expression of RB1 and other tumor suppressor genes and showed deregulation of osteogenic markers which could be an initial step for the onset of osteosarcoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ambily Vincent
- Radheshyam Kanoi Stem Cell Laboratory, Kamalnayan Bajaj Institute for Research in Vision and Ophthalmology, Vision Research Foundation, Chennai, India; School of Chemical and Biotechnology, SASTRA Deemed-to-be University, Thanjavur, India
| | | | - Vikas Khetan
- Shri Bhagwan Mahavir Vitreoretinal Services, Sankara Nethralaya, Medical Research Foundation, Chennai, India
| | - Subramanian Krishnakumar
- Radheshyam Kanoi Stem Cell Laboratory, Kamalnayan Bajaj Institute for Research in Vision and Ophthalmology, Vision Research Foundation, Chennai, India
| | - Sowmya Parameswaran
- Radheshyam Kanoi Stem Cell Laboratory, Kamalnayan Bajaj Institute for Research in Vision and Ophthalmology, Vision Research Foundation, Chennai, India.
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22
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Alessio N, Acar MB, Demirsoy IH, Squillaro T, Siniscalco D, Bernardo GD, Peluso G, Özcan S, Galderisi U. Obesity is associated with senescence of mesenchymal stromal cells derived from bone marrow, subcutaneous and visceral fat of young mice. Aging (Albany NY) 2020; 12:12609-12621. [PMID: 32634118 PMCID: PMC7377882 DOI: 10.18632/aging.103606] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2020] [Accepted: 06/05/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
White adipose tissue (WAT) is distributed in several depots with distinct metabolic and inflammatory functions. In our body there are subcutaneous (sWAT), visceral (vWAT) and bone marrow (bWAT) fat depots. Obesity affects the size, function and inflammatory state of WATs. In particular, obesity may affect the activity of mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs) present in WAT. MSCs are a heterogeneous population containing stromal cells, progenitor cells, fibroblasts and stem cells that are able to differentiate among adipocytes, chondrocytes, osteocytes and other mesodermal derivatives.In the first study of this kind, we performed a comparison of the effects of obesity on MSCs obtained from sWAT, vWAT and bWAT. Our study showed that obesity affects mainly the biological functions of MSCs obtained from bone marrow and vWAT by decreasing the proliferation rate, reducing the percentage of cells in S phase and triggering senescence. The onset of senescence was confirmed by expression of genes belonging to RB and P53 pathways.Our study revealed that the negative consequences of obesity on body physiology may also be related to impairment in the functions of the stromal compartment present in the several adipose tissues. This finding provides new insights as to the targets that should be considered for an effective treatment of obesity-related diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicola Alessio
- Department of Experimental Medicine, Biotechnology and Molecular Biology Section, Luigi Vanvitelli Campania University, Naples, Italy
| | - Mustafa B. Acar
- Genome and Stem Cell Center (GENKOK), Erciyes University, Kayseri, Turkey
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Sciences, Erciyes University, Kayseri, Turkey
| | - Ibrahim H. Demirsoy
- Department of Experimental Medicine, Biotechnology and Molecular Biology Section, Luigi Vanvitelli Campania University, Naples, Italy
| | - Tiziana Squillaro
- Department of Experimental Medicine, Biotechnology and Molecular Biology Section, Luigi Vanvitelli Campania University, Naples, Italy
| | - Dario Siniscalco
- Department of Experimental Medicine, Biotechnology and Molecular Biology Section, Luigi Vanvitelli Campania University, Naples, Italy
| | - Giovanni Di Bernardo
- Department of Experimental Medicine, Biotechnology and Molecular Biology Section, Luigi Vanvitelli Campania University, Naples, Italy
| | | | - Servet Özcan
- Genome and Stem Cell Center (GENKOK), Erciyes University, Kayseri, Turkey
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Sciences, Erciyes University, Kayseri, Turkey
| | - Umberto Galderisi
- Department of Experimental Medicine, Biotechnology and Molecular Biology Section, Luigi Vanvitelli Campania University, Naples, Italy
- Genome and Stem Cell Center (GENKOK), Erciyes University, Kayseri, Turkey
- Sbarro Institute for Cancer Research and Molecular Medicine, Center for Biotechnology, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA 19122, USA
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23
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Alessio N, Squillaro T, Di Bernardo G, Galano G, De Rosa R, Melone MA, Peluso G, Galderisi U. Increase of circulating IGFBP-4 following genotoxic stress and its implication for senescence. eLife 2020; 9:54523. [PMID: 32223893 PMCID: PMC7136022 DOI: 10.7554/elife.54523] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2019] [Accepted: 03/29/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Senescent cells secrete several molecules, collectively named senescence-associated secretory phenotype (SASP). In the SASP of cells that became senescent following several in vitro chemical and physical stress, we identified the IGFBP-4 protein that can be considered a general stress mediator. This factor appeared to play a key role in senescence-paracrine signaling. We provided evidences showing that genotoxic injury, such as low dose irradiation, may promote an IGFBP-4 release in bloodstream both in mice irradiated with 100 mGy X-ray and in human subjects that received Computer Tomography. Increased level of circulating IGFBP-4 may be responsible of pro-aging effect. We found a significant increase of senescent cells in the lungs, heart, and kidneys of mice that were intraperitoneally injected with IGFBP-4 twice a week for two months. We then analyzed how genotoxic stressors may promote the release of IGFBP-4 and the molecular pathways associated with the induction of senescence by this protein.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicola Alessio
- Department of Experimental Medicine, Biotechnology and Molecular Biology Section, University of Campania "Luigi Vanvitelli,", Naples, Italy
| | - Tiziana Squillaro
- Department of Experimental Medicine, Biotechnology and Molecular Biology Section, University of Campania "Luigi Vanvitelli,", Naples, Italy
| | | | - Giovanni Galano
- ASL Napoli 1 Centro P.S.I. Napoli Est - Barra, Naples, Italy
| | - Roberto De Rosa
- ASL Napoli 1 Centro P.S.I. Napoli Est - Barra, Naples, Italy
| | - Mariarosa Ab Melone
- Department of Medical, Surgical, Neurological, Metabolic Sciences, and Aging, 2nd Division of Neurology, Center for Rare Diseases and InterUniversity Center for Research in Neurosciences, University of Campania 'Luigi Vanvitelli', Naples, Italy
| | - Gianfranco Peluso
- Research Institute of Terrestrial Ecosystems (IRET), CNR, Naples, Italy
| | - Umberto Galderisi
- Department of Experimental Medicine, Biotechnology and Molecular Biology Section, University of Campania "Luigi Vanvitelli,", Naples, Italy.,Research Institute of Terrestrial Ecosystems (IRET), CNR, Naples, Italy.,Sbarro Institute for Cancer Research and Molecular Medicine, Center for Biotechnology, Temple University, Philadelphia, United States
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24
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Mijit M, Caracciolo V, Melillo A, Amicarelli F, Giordano A. Role of p53 in the Regulation of Cellular Senescence. Biomolecules 2020; 10:biom10030420. [PMID: 32182711 PMCID: PMC7175209 DOI: 10.3390/biom10030420] [Citation(s) in RCA: 258] [Impact Index Per Article: 64.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2020] [Revised: 03/04/2020] [Accepted: 03/05/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
The p53 transcription factor plays a critical role in cellular responses to stress. Its activation in response to DNA damage leads to cell growth arrest, allowing for DNA repair, or directs cellular senescence or apoptosis, thereby maintaining genome integrity. Senescence is a permanent cell-cycle arrest that has a crucial role in aging, and it also represents a robust physiological antitumor response, which counteracts oncogenic insults. In addition, senescent cells can also negatively impact the surrounding tissue microenvironment and the neighboring cells by secreting pro-inflammatory cytokines, ultimately triggering tissue dysfunction and/or unfavorable outcomes. This review focuses on the characteristics of senescence and on the recent advances in the contribution of p53 to cellular senescence. Moreover, we also discuss the p53-mediated regulation of several pathophysiological microenvironments that could be associated with senescence and its development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mahmut Mijit
- Sbarro Institute for Cancer Research and Molecular Medicine, Center of Biotechnology, College of Science and Technology, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA 19122, USA
- Department of Medical Biotechnologies, University of Siena, 67100 Siena, Italy
| | - Valentina Caracciolo
- Sbarro Institute for Cancer Research and Molecular Medicine, Center of Biotechnology, College of Science and Technology, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA 19122, USA
| | - Antonio Melillo
- Sbarro Institute for Cancer Research and Molecular Medicine, Center of Biotechnology, College of Science and Technology, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA 19122, USA
| | - Fernanda Amicarelli
- Department of Medical Biotechnologies, University of Siena, 67100 Siena, Italy
| | - Antonio Giordano
- Sbarro Institute for Cancer Research and Molecular Medicine, Center of Biotechnology, College of Science and Technology, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA 19122, USA
- Department of Life, Health and Environmental Sciences, University of L’Aquila, 53100 L’Aquila, Italy
- Correspondence:
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25
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Yang Z, Liu X, Wang L, Wang T, Chen Y, Teng X, Li J, Shao L, Hui J, Ye W, Shen Z. The protective effects of HMGA2 in the senescence process of bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stromal cells. J Tissue Eng Regen Med 2020; 14:588-599. [PMID: 32068957 DOI: 10.1002/term.3023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2019] [Revised: 12/25/2019] [Accepted: 02/03/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs) have been wildly applied to cell-based strategies for tissue engineering and regenerative medicine; however, they have to undergo the senescence process and thus appeared to be less therapeutic effective. HMGA2, a protein belonged to high mobility group A (HMGA) family, exhibits an inverse expression level related to embryonic development and acts as a developmental regulator in stem cell self-renewal progression. Therefore, we performed senescence-associated β-galactosidase (SA-β-gal) staining, transwell assay, to examine the changes of MSCs in different stages and then over-expressed HMGA2 in MSCs by lentivirus transfection. We found the percentage of SA-β-gal staining positive cells in MSCs from 24-month-old Sprague-Dawley (SD) rats (O-MSCs) was significantly higher compared with MSCs from 2-week-old SD rats (Y-MSCs), and the expression levels of P21 and P53, two senescence-related molecules, were also significantly up-regulated in O-MSCs than in Y-MSCs. In contrast, the HMGA2 expression level in O-MSCs was dramatically down-regulated in contrast to Y-MSCs. In additional, the migration ability in O-MSCs was significantly attenuated than in Y-MSCs. After successfully over-expressed HMGA2 in O-MSCs, the percentage of SA-β-gal staining positive cells and the expression levels of P21 and P53 were reduced, and the migration ability was improved compared with O-MSCs without treatment. Further, mRNA sequencing analysis revealed that overexpression of HMGA2 changed the expression of genes related to cell proliferation and senescence, such as Lyz2, Pf4, Rgs2, and Mstn. Knockdown of Rgs2 in HMGA2 overexpression O-MSCs could antagonize the protective effect of HMGA2 in the senescence process of O-MSCs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ziying Yang
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, First Affiliated Hospital & Institute for Cardiovascular Science, Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Xuan Liu
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, First Affiliated Hospital & Institute for Cardiovascular Science, Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Longgang Wang
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, First Affiliated Hospital & Institute for Cardiovascular Science, Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Tao Wang
- Department of Cardiology, First Affiliated Hospital, Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Yueqiu Chen
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, First Affiliated Hospital & Institute for Cardiovascular Science, Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Xiaomei Teng
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, First Affiliated Hospital & Institute for Cardiovascular Science, Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Jingjing Li
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, First Affiliated Hospital & Institute for Cardiovascular Science, Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Lianbo Shao
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, First Affiliated Hospital & Institute for Cardiovascular Science, Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Jie Hui
- Department of Cardiology, First Affiliated Hospital, Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Wenxue Ye
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, First Affiliated Hospital & Institute for Cardiovascular Science, Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Zhenya Shen
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, First Affiliated Hospital & Institute for Cardiovascular Science, Soochow University, Suzhou, China
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26
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Cohen-Carmon D, Sorek M, Lerner V, Divya MS, Nissim-Rafinia M, Yarom Y, Meshorer E. Progerin-Induced Transcriptional Changes in Huntington's Disease Human Pluripotent Stem Cell-Derived Neurons. Mol Neurobiol 2019; 57:1768-1777. [PMID: 31834602 DOI: 10.1007/s12035-019-01839-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2019] [Accepted: 11/14/2019] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
Huntington's disease (HD) is a neurodegenerative late-onset genetic disorder caused by CAG expansions in the coding region of the Huntingtin (HTT) gene, resulting in a poly-glutamine (polyQ) expanded HTT protein. Considerable efforts have been devoted for studying HD and other polyQ diseases using animal models and cell culture systems, but no treatment currently exists. Human embryonic stem cells (ESCs) and induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) offer an elegant solution for modeling human diseases. However, as embryonic or rejuvenated cells, respectively, these pluripotent stem cells (PSCs) do not recapitulate the late-onset feature of the disease. Here, we applied a robust and rapid differentiation protocol to derive electrophysiologically active striatal GABAergic neurons from human wild-type (WT) and HD ESCs and iPSCs. RNA-seq analyses revealed that HD and WT PSC-derived neurons are highly similar in their gene expression patterns. Interestingly, ectopic expression of Progerin in both WT and HD neurons exacerbated the otherwise non-significant changes in gene expression between these cells, revealing IGF1 and genes involved in neurogenesis and nervous system development as consistently altered in the HD cells. This work provides a useful tool for modeling HD in human PSCs and reveals potential molecular targets altered in HD neurons.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dorit Cohen-Carmon
- Department of Genetics, The Alexander Silberman Institute of Life Sciences, Edmond J. Safra Campus, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, 91904, Jerusalem, Israel
| | - Matan Sorek
- Department of Genetics, The Alexander Silberman Institute of Life Sciences, Edmond J. Safra Campus, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, 91904, Jerusalem, Israel.,The Edmond and Lily Safra Center for Brain Sciences, Edmond J. Safra Campus, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, 91904, Jerusalem, Israel
| | - Vitaly Lerner
- The Edmond and Lily Safra Center for Brain Sciences, Edmond J. Safra Campus, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, 91904, Jerusalem, Israel.,Department of Neurobiology, The Alexander Silberman Institute of Life Sciences, Edmond J. Safra Campus, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, 91904, Jerusalem, Israel
| | - Mundackal S Divya
- Department of Genetics, The Alexander Silberman Institute of Life Sciences, Edmond J. Safra Campus, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, 91904, Jerusalem, Israel.,Department of Pathology, Sree Chitra Tirunal Institute for Medical Sciences and Technology, Thiruvananthapuram, 695011, Kerala, India
| | - Malka Nissim-Rafinia
- Department of Genetics, The Alexander Silberman Institute of Life Sciences, Edmond J. Safra Campus, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, 91904, Jerusalem, Israel
| | - Yosef Yarom
- The Edmond and Lily Safra Center for Brain Sciences, Edmond J. Safra Campus, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, 91904, Jerusalem, Israel.,Department of Neurobiology, The Alexander Silberman Institute of Life Sciences, Edmond J. Safra Campus, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, 91904, Jerusalem, Israel
| | - Eran Meshorer
- Department of Genetics, The Alexander Silberman Institute of Life Sciences, Edmond J. Safra Campus, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, 91904, Jerusalem, Israel. .,The Edmond and Lily Safra Center for Brain Sciences, Edmond J. Safra Campus, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, 91904, Jerusalem, Israel.
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27
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The senescence-associated secretory phenotype (SASP) from mesenchymal stromal cells impairs growth of immortalized prostate cells but has no effect on metastatic prostatic cancer cells. Aging (Albany NY) 2019; 11:5817-5828. [PMID: 31412320 PMCID: PMC6710033 DOI: 10.18632/aging.102172] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2020] [Accepted: 08/05/2019] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Senescent cells secrete inflammatory cytokines, proteases, and other factors, which are indicated as senescence-associated secretory phenotype (SASP). There are contrasting studies on the role of the SASP in cancer. Studies suggested that cancer cells may misuse the senescent secretome for their growth. Other investigations evidenced that the SASP may induce cancer growth arrest, senescence, or apoptosis. These conflicting data can be reconciled considering that cancer cells can coax senescent cells to secrete factors for their survival, thus abrogating the SASP’s anti-cancer effect. Cancer stage may also have an impact on the capacity of the SASP to block tumor proliferation and promote senescence. Indeed, senescence is associated with a permanent cell cycle arrest, which needs functional cell cycle checkpoints. We evaluated the SASP effect on the in vitro biological properties of PNT2 and PC3 cells, which are immortalized prostate cells and metastatic prostatic cancer cells, respectively. We evidenced that SASPs, coming either from mesenchymal stromal cells treated with H202 or with low X-ray doses, induced senescence of immortalized cells but not of cancer cells. Hence, the SASP released by acute senescent cells should be considered as an effective weapon against pre-tumorigenesis events rather than an anti-cancer mechanism acting on malignant cells.
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28
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Matsuhashi S, Manirujjaman M, Hamajima H, Ozaki I. Control Mechanisms of the Tumor Suppressor PDCD4: Expression and Functions. Int J Mol Sci 2019; 20:ijms20092304. [PMID: 31075975 PMCID: PMC6539695 DOI: 10.3390/ijms20092304] [Citation(s) in RCA: 93] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2019] [Revised: 05/05/2019] [Accepted: 05/07/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
PDCD4 is a novel tumor suppressor to show multi-functions inhibiting cell growth, tumor invasion, metastasis, and inducing apoptosis. PDCD4 protein binds to the translation initiation factor eIF4A, some transcription factors, and many other factors and modulates the function of the binding partners. PDCD4 downregulation stimulates and PDCD4 upregulation inhibits the TPA-induced transformation of cells. However, PDCD4 gene mutations have not been found in tumor cells but gene expression was post transcriptionally downregulated by micro environmental factors such as growth factors and interleukins. In this review, we focus on the suppression mechanisms of PDCD4 protein that is induced by the tumor promotors EGF and TPA, and in the inflammatory conditions. PDCD4-protein is phosphorylated at 2 serines in the SCFβTRCP ubiquitin ligase binding sequences via EGF and/or TPA induced signaling pathway, ubiquitinated, by the ubiquitin ligase and degraded in the proteasome system. The PDCD4 protein synthesis is inhibited by microRNAs including miR21.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sachiko Matsuhashi
- Department of Internal Medicine, Saga Medical School, Saga University, 5-1-1 Nabeshima, Saga 849-8501, Japan.
| | - M Manirujjaman
- Department of Internal Medicine, Saga Medical School, Saga University, 5-1-1 Nabeshima, Saga 849-8501, Japan.
| | - Hiroshi Hamajima
- Saga Food & Cosmetics Laboratory, Division of Food Manufacturing Industry Promotion, SAGA Regional Industry Support Center, 114 Yaemizo, Nabesima-Machi, Saga 849-0932, Japan.
| | - Iwata Ozaki
- Health Administration Center, Saga Medical School, Saga University, 5-1-1 Nabeshima, Saga 849-8501, Japan.
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29
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Dragotto J, Canterini S, Del Porto P, Bevilacqua A, Fiorenza MT. The interplay between TGF-β-stimulated TSC22 domain family proteins regulates cell-cycle dynamics in medulloblastoma cells. J Cell Physiol 2019; 234:18349-18360. [PMID: 30912127 DOI: 10.1002/jcp.28468] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2018] [Revised: 02/06/2019] [Accepted: 02/20/2019] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Proteins belonging to the TGFβ-stimulated clone 22 domain (TSC22D) family display a repertoire of activities, regulating cell proliferation and differentiation. The tumor suppressor activity of the first identified member of the family, TSC22D1 (formerly named TSC-22), has been extensively studied, but afterward a longer isoform encoded by the same gene turned out to play an opposite role. We have previously characterized the role of TSC22D1 and TSC22D4 in cell differentiation using granule neurons (GNs) isolated from the mouse cerebellum. However, the possibility to study the role of these factors in cell proliferation was limited by the fact that GNs readily exit from the cell-cycle and differentiate upon isolation and in vitro culture. To overcome this limitation, we have now exploited DAOY medulloblastoma cells, which are ontogenetically similar to cerebellar GNs and can be efficiently transfected with interfering RNA for gene knockdown purposes. Our findings indicate that TSC22D4-TSC22D1 short isoform heterodimers are involved in the escape from cell proliferation and exit from the cell-cycle, whereas, the TSC22D1 long isoform is required for cell proliferation, acting independently from TSC22D4. We also show that the silencing of specific expression of TSC22D4 or TSC22D1 isoforms affects the cell-cycle progression. These findings add a novel insight on the function of TSC22D proteins, with particular reference to the tumor suppressor activity of the TSC22D1 short isoform, which is re-framed within the context of a functional interplay with TSC22D4 and the mutually exclusive expression with the TSC22D1 long isoform.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jessica Dragotto
- Department of Psychology, Division of Neuroscience and "Daniel Bovet" Neurobiology Research Center, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Sonia Canterini
- Department of Psychology, Division of Neuroscience and "Daniel Bovet" Neurobiology Research Center, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Paola Del Porto
- Department of Biology and Biotechnology "Charles Darwin", Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Arturo Bevilacqua
- Department of Psychology, Division of Neuroscience and "Daniel Bovet" Neurobiology Research Center, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Maria Teresa Fiorenza
- Department of Psychology, Division of Neuroscience and "Daniel Bovet" Neurobiology Research Center, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy.,IRCCS Fondazione Santa Lucia, Rome, Italy
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30
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Hu HL, Kang Y, Zeng Y, Zhang M, Liao Q, Rong MQ, Zhang Q, Lai R. Region-resolved proteomics profiling of monkey heart. J Cell Physiol 2019; 234:13720-13734. [PMID: 30644093 PMCID: PMC7166496 DOI: 10.1002/jcp.28052] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2018] [Accepted: 12/06/2018] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
Nonhuman primates (NHPs) play an indispensable role in biomedical research because of their similarities in genetics, physiological, and neurological function to humans. Proteomics profiling of monkey heart could reveal significant cardiac biomarkers and help us to gain a better understanding of the pathogenesis of heart disease. However, the proteomic study of monkey heart is relatively lacking. Here, we performed the proteomics profiling of the normal monkey heart by measuring three major anatomical regions (vessels, valves, and chambers) based on iTRAQ‐coupled LC‐MS/MS analysis. Over 3,200 proteins were identified and quantified from three heart tissue samples. Furthermore, multiple bioinformatics analyses such as gene ontology analysis, protein–protein interaction analysis, and gene‐diseases association were used to investigate biological network of those proteins from each area. More than 60 genes in three heart regions are implicated with heart diseases such as hypertrophic cardiomyopathy, heart failure, and myocardial infarction. These genes associated with heart disease are mainly enriched in citrate cycle, amino acid degradation, and glycolysis pathway. At the anatomical level, the revelation of molecular characteristics of the healthy monkey heart would be an important starting point to investigate heart disease. As a unique resource, this study can serve as a reference map for future in‐depth research on cardiac disease‐related NHP model and novel biomarkers of cardiac injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hao-Liang Hu
- The National & Local Joint Engineering Laboratory of Animal Peptide Drug Development, College of Life Sciences, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, China
| | - Yu Kang
- Division of Cardiology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Yong Zeng
- The National & Local Joint Engineering Laboratory of Animal Peptide Drug Development, College of Life Sciences, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, China
| | - Ming Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Animal Models and Human Disease Mechanisms of Chinese Academy of Sciences &Yunnan Province, Kunming Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), Kunming, Yunnan, China
| | - Qiong Liao
- The National & Local Joint Engineering Laboratory of Animal Peptide Drug Development, College of Life Sciences, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, China
| | - Ming-Qiang Rong
- The National & Local Joint Engineering Laboratory of Animal Peptide Drug Development, College of Life Sciences, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, China
| | - Qin Zhang
- Division of Cardiology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Ren Lai
- Key Laboratory of Animal Models and Human Disease Mechanisms of Chinese Academy of Sciences &Yunnan Province, Kunming Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), Kunming, Yunnan, China
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31
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Squillaro T, Finicelli M, Peluso G, Galderisi U. In Reply. Stem Cells 2018; 36:1790. [PMID: 30171734 DOI: 10.1002/stem.2900] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2018] [Accepted: 08/07/2018] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Tiziana Squillaro
- Department of Experimental Medicine, Campania University "Luigi Vanvitelli", Naples, Italy
| | - Mauro Finicelli
- Institute of Agro-Environmental and Forest Biology, CNR, Naples, Italy
| | - Gianfranco Peluso
- Institute of Agro-Environmental and Forest Biology, CNR, Naples, Italy
| | - Umberto Galderisi
- Department of Experimental Medicine, Campania University "Luigi Vanvitelli", Naples, Italy.,Institute of Agro-Environmental and Forest Biology, CNR, Naples, Italy.,Genome and Stem Cell Center (GENKOK), Erciyes University, Kayseri, Turkey.,Sbarro Institute for Cancer Research and Molecular Medicine, Center for Biotechnology, Temple University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
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32
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Alessio N, Pipino C, Mandatori D, Di Tomo P, Ferone A, Marchiso M, Melone MAB, Peluso G, Pandolfi A, Galderisi U. Mesenchymal stromal cells from amniotic fluid are less prone to senescence compared to those obtained from bone marrow: An in vitro study. J Cell Physiol 2018; 233:8996-9006. [PMID: 29904927 DOI: 10.1002/jcp.26845] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2017] [Accepted: 05/09/2018] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
Mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs) are considered to be an excellent source in regenerative medicine. They contain several cell subtypes, including multipotent stem cells. MSCs are of particular interest as they are currently being tested using cell and gene therapies for a number of human diseases. They represent a rare population in tissues; for this reason, they require, before being transplanted, an in vitro amplification. This process may induce replicative senescence, thus affecting differentiation and proliferative capacities. Increasing evidence suggests that MSCs from fetal tissues are significantly more plastic and grow faster than MSCs from bone marrow. Here, we compare amniotic fluid mesenchymal stromal cells (AF-MSCs) and bone marrow mesenchymal stromal cells (BM-MSCs) in terms of cell proliferation, surface markers, multidifferentiation potential, senescence, and DNA repair capacity. Our study shows that AF-MSCs are less prone to senescence with respect to BM-MSCs. Moreover, both cell models activate the same repair system after DNA damage, but AF-MSCs are able to return to the basal condition more efficiently with respect to BM-MSCs. Indeed, AF-MSCs are better able to cope with genotoxic stress that may occur either during in vitro cultivation or following transplantation in patients. Our findings suggest that AF-MSCs may represent a valid alternative to BM-MSCs in regenerative medicine, and, of great relevance, the investigation of the mechanisms involved in DNA repair capacity of both AF-MSCs and BM-MSCs may pave the way to their rational use in the medical field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicola Alessio
- Department of Experimental Medicine, Biotechnology and Molecular Biology Section, University of Campania Luigi Vanvitelli, Naples, Italy
| | - Caterina Pipino
- Department of Medical, Oral and Biotechnological Sciences, G. D'Annunzio University Chieti-Pescara, Chieti, Italy
| | - Domitilla Mandatori
- Department of Medicine and Aging Sciences, G. D'Annunzio University Chieti-Pescara, Chieti, Italy
| | - Pamela Di Tomo
- Department of Medicine and Aging Sciences, G. D'Annunzio University Chieti-Pescara, Chieti, Italy
| | - Angela Ferone
- Department of Experimental Medicine, Biotechnology and Molecular Biology Section, University of Campania Luigi Vanvitelli, Naples, Italy
| | - Marco Marchiso
- Department of Medicine and Aging Sciences, G. D'Annunzio University Chieti-Pescara, Chieti, Italy
| | - Mariarosa A B Melone
- Department of Medical, Surgical, Neurological, Metabolic and Aging Sciences, 2nd Division of Neurology, Center for Rare Diseases and InterUniversity Center for Research in Neurosciences, University of Campania Luigi Vanvitelli, Naples, Italy.,Sbarro Institute for Cancer Research and Molecular Medicine, Center for Biotechnology, Temple University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | | | - Assunta Pandolfi
- Department of Medical, Oral and Biotechnological Sciences, G. D'Annunzio University Chieti-Pescara, Chieti, Italy
| | - Umberto Galderisi
- Department of Experimental Medicine, Biotechnology and Molecular Biology Section, University of Campania Luigi Vanvitelli, Naples, Italy.,Sbarro Institute for Cancer Research and Molecular Medicine, Center for Biotechnology, Temple University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
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33
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Wang JX, Yang Y, Li K. Long noncoding RNA DANCR aggravates retinoblastoma through miR-34c and miR-613 by targeting MMP-9. J Cell Physiol 2018; 233:6986-6995. [PMID: 29744877 DOI: 10.1002/jcp.26621] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2018] [Accepted: 03/28/2018] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) have been identified to play vital roles in cancers, including human retinoblastoma (RB). However, the deepgoing mechanism is still ambiguous. In present study, we investigate the biological role of lncRNA DANCR (differentiation antagonizing non-protein coding RNA) in carcinogenesis of RB. Results revealed that DANCR was up-regulated in RB tissue and cell lines. Moreover, the ectopic overexpression of DANCR indicated poor overall survivals and disease free survival (DFS) for RB patients. In vitro and in vivo experiments, DANCR knockdown suppress the proliferation, migration, invasion, and epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) correlated protein (N-cadherin, Vimentin) of RB cells. Bioinformatics analysis predicted that miR-34c and miR-613 targeted with 3'-UTR of DANCR, besides, miR-34c and miR-613 also targeted with 3'-UTR of MMP-9, which was validated by luciferase reporter assay. Functional experiments demonstrated that miR-34c and miR-613 could reverse the oncogenic function of DANCR in RB tumorigenesis. In conclusion, our results reveal that DANCR function as competing endogenous RNA (ceRNA) for miR-34c and miR-613 to modulate progression and metastasis in RB oncogenesis via targeting MMP-9, presenting the in-depth regulation of DANCR in RB and providing a novel insight for ceRNA mechanism for RB.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing-Xian Wang
- Department of General Surgery Five, Cangzhou Central Hospital, Cangzhou, Hebei, China
| | - Yuan Yang
- Examination Room of Eye Department, Cangzhou Central Hospital, Cangzhou, Hebei, China
| | - Kun Li
- Pediatric Department of Ophthalmology, Cangzhou Central Hospital, Cangzhou, Hebei, China
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34
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Grezella C, Fernandez-Rebollo E, Franzen J, Ventura Ferreira MS, Beier F, Wagner W. Effects of senolytic drugs on human mesenchymal stromal cells. Stem Cell Res Ther 2018; 9:108. [PMID: 29669575 PMCID: PMC5907463 DOI: 10.1186/s13287-018-0857-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2018] [Revised: 03/26/2018] [Accepted: 03/28/2018] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Senolytic drugs are thought to target senescent cells and might thereby rejuvenate tissues. In fact, such compounds were suggested to increase health and lifespan in various murine aging models. So far, effects of senolytic drugs have not been analysed during replicative senescence of human mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs). Methods In this study, we tested four potentially senolytic drugs: ABT-263 (navitoclax), quercetin, nicotinamide riboside, and danazol. The effects of these compounds were analysed during long-term expansion of MSCs, until replicative senescence. Furthermore, we determined the effect on molecular markers for replicative senescence, such as senescence-associated beta-galactosidase staining (SA-β-gal), telomere attrition, and senescence-associated DNA methylation changes. Results Co-culture experiments of fluorescently labelled early and late passages revealed that particularly ABT-263 had a significant but moderate senolytic effect. This was in line with reduced SA-β-gal staining in senescent MSCs upon treatment with ABT-263. However, none of the drugs had significant effects on the maximum number of population doublings, telomere length, or epigenetic senescence predictions. Conclusions Of the four tested drugs, only ABT-263 revealed a senolytic effect in human MSCs—and even treatment with this compound did not rejuvenate MSCs with regard to telomere length or epigenetic senescence signature. It will be important to identify more potent senolytic drugs to meet the high hopes for regenerative medicine. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (10.1186/s13287-018-0857-6) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Affiliation(s)
- Clara Grezella
- Helmholtz-Institute for Biomedical Engineering, Stem Cell Biology and Cellular Engineering, RWTH Aachen University Medical School, Pauwelsstraße 20, 52074, Aachen, Germany
| | - Eduardo Fernandez-Rebollo
- Helmholtz-Institute for Biomedical Engineering, Stem Cell Biology and Cellular Engineering, RWTH Aachen University Medical School, Pauwelsstraße 20, 52074, Aachen, Germany
| | - Julia Franzen
- Helmholtz-Institute for Biomedical Engineering, Stem Cell Biology and Cellular Engineering, RWTH Aachen University Medical School, Pauwelsstraße 20, 52074, Aachen, Germany
| | - Mónica Sofia Ventura Ferreira
- Department for Hematology, Oncology, Hemostaseology and Stem Cell Transplantation, Faculty of Medicine, RWTH Aachen University, Aachen, Germany
| | - Fabian Beier
- Department for Hematology, Oncology, Hemostaseology and Stem Cell Transplantation, Faculty of Medicine, RWTH Aachen University, Aachen, Germany
| | - Wolfgang Wagner
- Helmholtz-Institute for Biomedical Engineering, Stem Cell Biology and Cellular Engineering, RWTH Aachen University Medical School, Pauwelsstraße 20, 52074, Aachen, Germany.
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35
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Yu J, Shi J, Zhang Y, Zhang Y, Huang Y, Chen Z, Yang J. The replicative senescent mesenchymal stem / stromal cells defect in DNA damage response and anti-oxidative capacity. Int J Med Sci 2018; 15:771-781. [PMID: 30008586 PMCID: PMC6036081 DOI: 10.7150/ijms.24635] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2017] [Accepted: 04/27/2018] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Replicative senescence and potential malignant transformation are great limitations in the clinical application of bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem / stromal cells (MSCs). An abnormal DNA damage response may result in genomic instability, which is an integral component of aging and tumorigenesis. However, the effect of aging on the DNA damage response in MSCs is currently unknown. In the present study, we evaluated the DNA damage response induced by oxidative stress and DNA double-strand breaks in human bone marrow-derived MSCs. After long-term cell culture, replicative senescent MSCs (sMSCs) were characterized by a poor proliferation rate, high senescence-associated β-galactosidase activity, and enhanced expression of P53 and P16. Features of the DNA damage response in these sMSCs were then compared with those from early-passage MSCs. The sMSCs were more sensitive to hydrogen peroxide and bleomycin treatment with respect to cell viability and apoptosis induction. Combined with the comet assay, γH2AX foci characterization and reactive oxygen species detection were used to demonstrate that the antioxidant and DNA repair ability of sMSCs are attenuated. This result could be explained, at least in part, by the downregulation of anti-oxidation and DNA repair genes, including Cu/Zn-SOD, GPX, CAT, OGG1, XRCC1, Ku70, BRCA2 and XRCC4. In conclusion, MSCs aging is associated with a reduction in the DNA repair and anti-oxidative capacity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jin Yu
- Department of Cell Biology, Army Medical University (The Third Military Medical University), Chongqing 400038, China
| | - Jiazhong Shi
- Department of Cell Biology, Army Medical University (The Third Military Medical University), Chongqing 400038, China
| | - Yue Zhang
- Department of Cell Biology, Army Medical University (The Third Military Medical University), Chongqing 400038, China.,Department of Pathology, The 451th hospital of PLA, Xi'an 710000, China
| | - Yi Zhang
- Department of Cell Biology, Army Medical University (The Third Military Medical University), Chongqing 400038, China
| | - Yaqin Huang
- Department of Cell Biology, Army Medical University (The Third Military Medical University), Chongqing 400038, China
| | - Zhiwen Chen
- Urology Institute of PLA, Southwest Hospital, Army Medical University (The Third Military Medical University), Chongqing 400038, China
| | - Jin Yang
- Department of Cell Biology, Army Medical University (The Third Military Medical University), Chongqing 400038, China
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