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Xu P, Lin F, Alimu G, Zhang J, Jin Z, Li L. The Important Role of the Right Dorsolateral Prefrontal Cortex in Conflict Adaptation: A Combined Voxel-Based Morphometry and Continuous Theta Burst Stimulation Study. J Cogn Neurosci 2024; 36:1172-1183. [PMID: 38579250 DOI: 10.1162/jocn_a_02155] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/07/2024]
Abstract
Humans can flexibly adjust their executive control to resolve conflicts. Conflict adaptation and conflict resolution are crucial aspects of conflict processing. Functional neuroimaging studies have associated the dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (DLPFC) with conflict processing, but its causal role remains somewhat controversial. Moreover, the neuroanatomical basis of conflict processing has not been thoroughly examined. In this study, the Stroop task, a well-established measure of conflict, was employed to investigate (1) the neuroanatomical basis of conflict resolution and conflict adaptation with the voxel-based morphometry analysis, (2) the causal role of DLPFC in conflict processing with the application of the continuous theta burst stimulation to DLPFC. The results revealed that the Stroop effect was correlated to the gray matter volume of the precuneus, postcentral gyrus, and cerebellum, and the congruency sequence effect was correlated to the gray matter volume of superior frontal gyrus, postcentral gyrus, and lobule paracentral gyrus. These findings indicate the neuroanatomical basis of conflict resolution and adaptation. In addition, the continuous theta burst stimulation over the right DLPFC resulted in a significant reduction in the Stroop effect of RT after congruent trials compared with vertex stimulation and a significant increase in the Stroop effect of accuracy rate after incongruent trials than congruent trials, demonstrating the causal role of right DLPFC in conflict adaptation. Moreover, the DLPFC stimulation did not affect the Stroop effect of RT and accuracy rate. Overall, our study offers further insights into the neural mechanisms underlying conflict resolution and adaptation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ping Xu
- University of Electronic Science and Technology of China
| | - Feng Lin
- University of Electronic Science and Technology of China
| | | | - Junjun Zhang
- University of Electronic Science and Technology of China
| | - Zhenlan Jin
- University of Electronic Science and Technology of China
| | - Ling Li
- University of Electronic Science and Technology of China
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2
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Assem M, Shashidhara S, Glasser MF, Duncan J. Basis of executive functions in fine-grained architecture of cortical and subcortical human brain networks. Cereb Cortex 2024; 34:bhad537. [PMID: 38244562 PMCID: PMC10839840 DOI: 10.1093/cercor/bhad537] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2023] [Revised: 12/19/2023] [Accepted: 12/20/2023] [Indexed: 01/22/2024] Open
Abstract
Theoretical models suggest that executive functions rely on both domain-general and domain-specific processes. Supporting this view, prior brain imaging studies have revealed that executive activations converge and diverge within broadly characterized brain networks. However, the lack of precise anatomical mappings has impeded our understanding of the interplay between domain-general and domain-specific processes. To address this challenge, we used the high-resolution multimodal magnetic resonance imaging approach of the Human Connectome Project to scan participants performing 3 canonical executive tasks: n-back, rule switching, and stop signal. The results reveal that, at the individual level, different executive activations converge within 9 domain-general territories distributed in frontal, parietal, and temporal cortices. Each task exhibits a unique topography characterized by finely detailed activation gradients within domain-general territory shifted toward adjacent resting-state networks; n-back activations shift toward the default mode, rule switching toward dorsal attention, and stop signal toward cingulo-opercular networks. Importantly, the strongest activations arise at multimodal neurobiological definitions of network borders. Matching results are seen in circumscribed regions of the caudate nucleus, thalamus, and cerebellum. The shifting peaks of local gradients at the intersection of task-specific networks provide a novel mechanistic insight into how partially-specialized networks interact with neighboring domain-general territories to generate distinct executive functions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Moataz Assem
- MRC Cognition and Brain Sciences Unit, School of Clinical Medicine, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, CB2 7EF, United Kingdom
| | - Sneha Shashidhara
- MRC Cognition and Brain Sciences Unit, School of Clinical Medicine, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, CB2 7EF, United Kingdom
- Psychology Department, Ashoka University, Sonipat, 131029, India
| | - Matthew F Glasser
- Department of Radiology, Washington University in St. Louis, Saint Louis, MO, 63110, United States
- Department of Neuroscience, Washington University in St. Louis, Saint Louis, MO, 63110, United States
| | - John Duncan
- MRC Cognition and Brain Sciences Unit, School of Clinical Medicine, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, CB2 7EF, United Kingdom
- Department of Experimental Psychology, University of Oxford, Oxford, OX1 3UD, United Kingdom
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3
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Vanova M, Ettinger U, Aldridge-Waddon L, Jennings B, Norbury R, Kumari V. Positive schizotypy and Motor Impulsivity correlate with response aberrations in ventral attention network during inhibitory control. Cortex 2023; 169:235-248. [PMID: 37952300 DOI: 10.1016/j.cortex.2023.08.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2023] [Revised: 07/17/2023] [Accepted: 08/25/2023] [Indexed: 11/14/2023]
Abstract
Inhibitory control (IC) aberrations are present in various psychopathologies, including schizophrenia spectrum and personality disorders, especially in association with antisocial or violent behaviour. We investigated behavioural and neural associations between IC and psychopathology-related traits of schizotypy [Oxford-Liverpool Inventory of Feelings and Experiences (O-LIFE)], psychopathy [Triarchic Psychopathy Measure (TriPM)], and impulsivity [Barratt Impulsiveness Scale (BIS-11)], using a novel Go/No-Go Task (GNG) featuring human avatars in 78 healthy adults (25 males, 53 females; mean age = 25.96 years, SD = 9.85) and whole-brain functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) in a separate sample of 22 right-handed healthy individuals (7 males, 15 females; mean age = 24.13 years, SD = 5.40). Behaviourally, O-LIFE Impulsive Nonconformity (impulsive, anti-social, and eccentric behaviour) significantly predicted 16 % of variance in false alarms (FAs). O-LIFE Unusual Experiences (positive schizotypy) and BIS-11 Motor Impulsivity predicted 15 % of d prime (d') (sensitivity index) for the fastest (400 ms) GNG trials. When examined using fMRI, higher BIS-11 Motor Impulsivity uniquely, and also together with Unusual Experiences, was associated with lower activity in the left lingual gyrus during successful inhibition (correct No-Go over baseline). Additionally, higher Impulsive Nonconformity was associated with lower activity in the caudate nucleus and anterior cingulate during No-Go compared to Go stimuli reactions. Positive schizotypy, motor, and antisocial-schizotypal impulsivity correlate with some common but mostly distinct neural activation patterns during response inhibition in areas within or associated with the ventral attention network.
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Affiliation(s)
- Martina Vanova
- Centre for Cognitive and Clinical Neuroscience, College of Health, Medicine and Life Sciences, Brunel University London, London, United Kingdom; Division of Psychology, Department of Life Sciences, College of Health, Medicine and Life Sciences, Brunel University London, London, United Kingdom; Dementia Research Centre, UCL Queen Square Institute of Neurology, Faculty of Brain Sciences, University College London, London, United Kingdom.
| | | | - Luke Aldridge-Waddon
- Centre for Cognitive and Clinical Neuroscience, College of Health, Medicine and Life Sciences, Brunel University London, London, United Kingdom; Division of Psychology, Department of Life Sciences, College of Health, Medicine and Life Sciences, Brunel University London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Ben Jennings
- Centre for Cognitive and Clinical Neuroscience, College of Health, Medicine and Life Sciences, Brunel University London, London, United Kingdom; Division of Psychology, Department of Life Sciences, College of Health, Medicine and Life Sciences, Brunel University London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Ray Norbury
- Centre for Cognitive and Clinical Neuroscience, College of Health, Medicine and Life Sciences, Brunel University London, London, United Kingdom; Division of Psychology, Department of Life Sciences, College of Health, Medicine and Life Sciences, Brunel University London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Veena Kumari
- Centre for Cognitive and Clinical Neuroscience, College of Health, Medicine and Life Sciences, Brunel University London, London, United Kingdom; Division of Psychology, Department of Life Sciences, College of Health, Medicine and Life Sciences, Brunel University London, London, United Kingdom.
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4
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Arioli M, Segatta C, Papagno C, Tettamanti M, Cattaneo Z. Social perception in deaf individuals: A meta-analysis of neuroimaging studies. Hum Brain Mapp 2023; 44:5402-5415. [PMID: 37609693 PMCID: PMC10543108 DOI: 10.1002/hbm.26444] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2023] [Revised: 06/22/2023] [Accepted: 07/22/2023] [Indexed: 08/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Deaf individuals may report difficulties in social interactions. However, whether these difficulties depend on deafness affecting social brain circuits is controversial. Here, we report the first meta-analysis comparing brain activations of hearing and (prelingually) deaf individuals during social perception. Our findings showed that deafness does not impact on the functional mechanisms supporting social perception. Indeed, both deaf and hearing control participants recruited regions of the action observation network during performance of different social tasks employing visual stimuli, and including biological motion perception, face identification, action observation, viewing, identification and memory for signs and lip reading. Moreover, we found increased recruitment of the superior-middle temporal cortex in deaf individuals compared with hearing participants, suggesting a preserved and augmented function during social communication based on signs and lip movements. Overall, our meta-analysis suggests that social difficulties experienced by deaf individuals are unlikely to be associated with brain alterations but may rather depend on non-supportive environments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Arioli
- Department of Human and Social SciencesUniversity of BergamoBergamoItaly
| | - Cecilia Segatta
- Department of Human and Social SciencesUniversity of BergamoBergamoItaly
| | - Costanza Papagno
- Center for Mind/Brain Sciences (CIMeC)University of TrentoTrentoItaly
| | | | - Zaira Cattaneo
- Department of Human and Social SciencesUniversity of BergamoBergamoItaly
- IRCCS Mondino FoundationPaviaItaly
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5
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Garcea FE, Buxbaum LJ. Mechanisms and neuroanatomy of response selection in tool and non-tool action tasks: Evidence from left-hemisphere stroke. Cortex 2023; 167:335-350. [PMID: 37598647 PMCID: PMC10543550 DOI: 10.1016/j.cortex.2023.06.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2022] [Revised: 04/19/2023] [Accepted: 06/18/2023] [Indexed: 08/22/2023]
Abstract
The ability to select between potential actions is central to the complex process of tool use. After left hemisphere stroke, individuals with limb apraxia make more hand action errors when gesturing the use of tools with conflicting hand actions for grasping-to-move and use (e.g., screwdriver) relative to tools that are grasped-to-move and used with the same hand action (e.g., hammer). Prior research indicates that this grasp-use interference effect is driven by abnormalities in the competitive action selection process. The goal of this project was to determine whether common mechanisms and neural substrates support the competitive selection of task-appropriate responses in both tool and non-tool domains. If so, the grasp-use interference effect in a tool use gesturing task should be correlated with response interference effects in the classic Eriksen flanker and Simon tasks, and at least partly overlapping neural regions should subserve the 3 tasks. Sixty-four left hemisphere stroke survivors (33 with apraxia) participated in the tool- and non-tool interference tasks and underwent T1 anatomical MRI. There were robust grasp-use interference effects (grasp-use conflict test) and response interference effects (Eriksen flanker and Simon tasks), but these effects were not correlated. Lesion-symptom mapping analyses showed that lesions to the left inferior parietal lobule, ventral premotor cortex, and insula were associated with grasp-use interference. Lesions to the left inferior parietal lobule, postcentral gyrus, insula, caudate, and putamen were associated with response interference in the Eriksen flanker task. Lesions to the left caudate and putamen were also associated with response interference in the Simon task. Our results suggest that the selection of hand posture for tool use is mediated by distinct cognitive mechanisms and partly distinct neuroanatomic substrates from those mapping a stimulus to an appropriate motor response in non-tool domains.
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Affiliation(s)
- Frank E Garcea
- Department of Neurosurgery, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, NY, USA; Department of Neuroscience, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, NY, USA; Del Monte Institute for Neuroscience, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, NY, USA.
| | - Laurel J Buxbaum
- Moss Rehabilitation Research Institute, Elkins Park, PA, USA; Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA, USA
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Paas Oliveros LK, Cieslik EC, Pieczykolan A, Pläschke RN, Eickhoff SB, Langner R. Brain functional characterization of response-code conflict in dual-tasking and its modulation by age. Cereb Cortex 2023; 33:10155-10180. [PMID: 37540164 PMCID: PMC10502578 DOI: 10.1093/cercor/bhad273] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2023] [Revised: 06/25/2023] [Accepted: 06/26/2023] [Indexed: 08/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Crosstalk between conflicting response codes contributes to interference in dual-tasking, an effect exacerbated in advanced age. Here, we investigated (i) brain activity correlates of such response-code conflicts, (ii) activity modulations by individual dual-task performance and related cognitive abilities, (iii) task-modulated connectivity within the task network, and (iv) age-related differences in all these aspects. Young and older adults underwent fMRI while responding to the pitch of tones through spatially mapped speeded button presses with one or two hands concurrently. Using opposing stimulus-response mappings between hands, we induced conflict between simultaneously activated response codes. These response-code conflicts elicited activation in key regions of the multiple-demand network. While thalamic and parietal areas of the conflict-related network were modulated by attentional, working-memory and task-switching abilities, efficient conflict resolution in dual-tasking mainly relied on increasing supplementary motor activity. Older adults showed non-compensatory hyperactivity in left superior frontal gyrus, and higher right premotor activity was modulated by working-memory capacity. Finally, connectivity between premotor or parietal seed regions and the conflict-sensitive network was neither conflict-specific nor age-sensitive. Overall, resolving dual-task response-code conflict recruited substantial parts of the multiple-demand network, whose activity and coupling, however, were only little affected by individual differences in task performance or age.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lya K Paas Oliveros
- Institute of Neuroscience and Medicine (INM-7: Brain and Behaviour), Forschungszentrum Jülich, Jülich 52425, Germany
- Institute of Systems Neuroscience, Medical Faculty, Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf 40225, Germany
| | - Edna C Cieslik
- Institute of Neuroscience and Medicine (INM-7: Brain and Behaviour), Forschungszentrum Jülich, Jülich 52425, Germany
- Institute of Systems Neuroscience, Medical Faculty, Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf 40225, Germany
| | - Aleks Pieczykolan
- Rheinische Fachhochschule – University of Applied Sciences, Cologne 50923, Germany
| | - Rachel N Pläschke
- Institute of Systems Neuroscience, Medical Faculty, Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf 40225, Germany
| | - Simon B Eickhoff
- Institute of Neuroscience and Medicine (INM-7: Brain and Behaviour), Forschungszentrum Jülich, Jülich 52425, Germany
- Institute of Systems Neuroscience, Medical Faculty, Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf 40225, Germany
| | - Robert Langner
- Institute of Neuroscience and Medicine (INM-7: Brain and Behaviour), Forschungszentrum Jülich, Jülich 52425, Germany
- Institute of Systems Neuroscience, Medical Faculty, Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf 40225, Germany
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7
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Fan J, Xia J, Liu Q, Wang X, Du H, Gao F, Han Y, Yu Q, Lu J, Xiao C, Tan C, Zhu X. Neural substrates for dissociation of cognition inhibition in autogenous- and reactive-type obsessive-compulsive disorder. J Psychiatr Res 2023; 165:150-157. [PMID: 37499486 DOI: 10.1016/j.jpsychires.2023.07.031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2023] [Revised: 07/13/2023] [Accepted: 07/20/2023] [Indexed: 07/29/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The taxonomy of autogenous- and reactive-type obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) (AO vs. RO) is one of the most valid subtyping approaches to the heterogeneity of OCD. The present study aimed to seek evidence of neural substrates supporting the dissociation of cognition inhibition in AO and RO which was revealed by our previous behavioral and electrophysiological work. METHODS A total of 165 patients with OCD (86 AO versus 79 RO), and 79 healthy controls (HC) underwent resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging scans. Within-network connectivity, node strength, and edge-wise functional connectivity (FC) in cognition and response inhibition networks were calculated. Results from 3 cognition and 2 response inhibition network atlases were compared to confirm the robustness of the findings. RESULTS Both AO and RO showed lower within-network connectivity in response inhibition networks, while lower within cognition inhibition network connectivity was only detected in AO. Besides shared weaker node strength in the anterior insula (AI), anterior cingulate cortex (ACC), and supplementary motor area (SMA), AO had a broader range of nodes within cognition inhibition networks exhibiting weaker strength, including nodes in right inferior frontal gyrus (IFG), left parietal and occipital regions. Decreased FC of left AI-CC, left IFG-ACC, and frontal-parietal regions in cognition inhibition networks were found in AO. CONCLUSIONS Findings indicate that unlike deficits in connectivity within response inhibition networks which may reflect a common pathology in AO and RO, deficits in connectivity within cognition inhibition networks were more pronounced in AO. These findings strengthen our insight into the heterogeneity in OCD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jie Fan
- Medical Psychological Center, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, 410011, China; Medical Psychological Institute of Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, 410011, China; National Clinical Research Center for Mental Disorders, Changsha, 410011, Hunan, China; National Center for Mental Disorders, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, 410011, China
| | - Jie Xia
- Medical Psychological Center, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, 410011, China
| | - Qian Liu
- Medical Psychological Center, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, 410011, China
| | - Xiang Wang
- Medical Psychological Center, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, 410011, China
| | - Hongyu Du
- Medical Psychological Center, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, 410011, China
| | - Feng Gao
- Medical Psychological Center, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, 410011, China
| | - Yan Han
- Medical Psychological Center, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, 410011, China
| | - Quanhao Yu
- Medical Psychological Center, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, 410011, China
| | - Jingjie Lu
- Medical Psychological Center, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, 410011, China
| | - Chuman Xiao
- Medical Psychological Center, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, 410011, China
| | - Changlian Tan
- Department of Radiology, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, 410011, China
| | - Xiongzhao Zhu
- Medical Psychological Center, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, 410011, China; Medical Psychological Institute of Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, 410011, China; National Clinical Research Center for Mental Disorders, Changsha, 410011, Hunan, China; National Center for Mental Disorders, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, 410011, China.
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8
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Gavazzi G, Noferini C, Benedetti V, Cotugno M, Giovannelli F, Caldara R, Mascalchi M, Viggiano MP. Cultural Differences in Inhibitory Control: An ALE Meta-Analysis. Brain Sci 2023; 13:907. [PMID: 37371385 DOI: 10.3390/brainsci13060907] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2023] [Revised: 05/31/2023] [Accepted: 06/02/2023] [Indexed: 06/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Culture greatly influences our attitudes, beliefs, and behaviors, affecting how we communicate and make decisions. There is an ongoing debate regarding the belief that people from Eastern cultures possess greater self-control abilities when compared to people from Western cultures. In this study, we conducted a meta-analysis using the Activation Likelihood Estimation (ALE) algorithm to compare 30 studies (719 subjects, 373 foci) that used fMRI to investigate the performance in Go-Nogo and Stop Signal Tasks of participants from Western and/or Eastern countries. Our meta-analysis found differences between the networks activated in Eastern and Western culture participants. The right prefrontal cortex showed distinct patterns, with the Inferior Frontal gyrus more active in the Eastern group and the middle and superior frontal gyri more active in the Western group. Our findings suggest that Eastern culture subjects have a higher tendency to activate brain regions involved in proactive inhibitory control, while Western culture subjects rely more on reactive inhibitory brain regions during cognitive control tasks. This implies that proactive inhibition may play a crucial role in promoting the collective and interdependent behavior typical of Eastern cultures, while reactive inhibition may be more important for efficient cognitive control in subjects of Western cultures that prioritize individualism and independence.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gioele Gavazzi
- Department of Neuroscience, Psychology, Drug Research and Child's Health (NEUROFARBA), University of Florence, 50135 Florence, Italy
| | - Chiara Noferini
- Department of Neuroscience, Psychology, Drug Research and Child's Health (NEUROFARBA), University of Florence, 50135 Florence, Italy
- European Laboratory for Non-Linear Spectroscopy, University of Florence, Sesto Fiorentino, 50019 Florence, Italy
| | - Viola Benedetti
- Department of Neuroscience, Psychology, Drug Research and Child's Health (NEUROFARBA), University of Florence, 50135 Florence, Italy
| | - Maria Cotugno
- Department of Neuroscience, Psychology, Drug Research and Child's Health (NEUROFARBA), University of Florence, 50135 Florence, Italy
| | - Fabio Giovannelli
- Department of Neuroscience, Psychology, Drug Research and Child's Health (NEUROFARBA), University of Florence, 50135 Florence, Italy
| | - Roberto Caldara
- Eye and Brain Mapping Laboratory (iBMLab), Department of Psychology, University of Fribourg, 1700 Fribourg, Switzerland
| | - Mario Mascalchi
- "Mario Serio" Department of Experimental and Clinical Biomedical Sciences, University of Florence, 50135 Florence, Italy
| | - Maria Pia Viggiano
- Department of Neuroscience, Psychology, Drug Research and Child's Health (NEUROFARBA), University of Florence, 50135 Florence, Italy
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9
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Jiang J, Bruss J, Lee WT, Tranel D, Boes AD. White matter disconnection of left multiple demand network is associated with post-lesion deficits in cognitive control. Nat Commun 2023; 14:1740. [PMID: 36990985 PMCID: PMC10060223 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-023-37330-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2022] [Accepted: 03/13/2023] [Indexed: 03/31/2023] Open
Abstract
Cognitive control modulates other cognitive functions to achieve internal goals and is important for adaptive behavior. Cognitive control is enabled by the neural computations distributed over cortical and subcortical areas. However, due to technical challenges in recording neural activity from the white matter, little is known about the anatomy of white matter tracts that coordinate the distributed neural computations that support cognitive control. Here, we leverage a large sample of human patients with focal brain lesions (n = 643) and investigate how lesion location and connectivity profiles account for variance in cognitive control performance. We find that lesions in white matter connecting left frontoparietal regions of the multiple demand network reliably predict deficits in cognitive control performance. These findings advance our understanding of the white matter correlates of cognitive control and provide an approach for incorporating network disconnection to predict deficits following lesions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiefeng Jiang
- Department of Psychological and Brain Sciences, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, 52242, USA.
- Cognitive Control Collaborative, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, 52242, USA.
- Iowa Neuroscience Institute, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, 52242, USA.
| | - Joel Bruss
- Department of Neurology (Division of Neuropsychology and Cognitive Neuroscience), Carver College of Medicine, Iowa City, IA, 52242, USA
- Department of Psychiatry, Carver College of Medicine, Iowa City, IA, 52242, USA
| | - Woo-Tek Lee
- Department of Psychological and Brain Sciences, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, 52242, USA
- Cognitive Control Collaborative, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, 52242, USA
- Behavioral-biomedical Interface Training Program, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, 52242, USA
| | - Daniel Tranel
- Department of Psychological and Brain Sciences, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, 52242, USA
- Iowa Neuroscience Institute, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, 52242, USA
- Department of Neurology (Division of Neuropsychology and Cognitive Neuroscience), Carver College of Medicine, Iowa City, IA, 52242, USA
| | - Aaron D Boes
- Iowa Neuroscience Institute, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, 52242, USA.
- Department of Neurology (Division of Neuropsychology and Cognitive Neuroscience), Carver College of Medicine, Iowa City, IA, 52242, USA.
- Department of Psychiatry, Carver College of Medicine, Iowa City, IA, 52242, USA.
- Department of Pediatrics, Carver College of Medicine, Iowa City, IA, 52242, USA.
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10
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Alahmadi AA. Functional connectivity of sub-cortical brain regions: disparities and similarities. Neuroreport 2023; 34:214-219. [PMID: 36789843 PMCID: PMC10516169 DOI: 10.1097/wnr.0000000000001881] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2022] [Accepted: 01/07/2023] [Indexed: 02/16/2023]
Abstract
Sub-cortical grey matter structures, such as the putamen, pallidum, caudate, thalamus, amygdala and hippocampus, play substantial roles in both simple and complex brain functions, including regulation of pleasure and emotions; control of movements; learning; decision-making; language development; and sensory, cognitive, social and other higher-order functions. Most of these regions act as information hubs for the nervous system, relaying and controlling the flow of information to various portions of the brain. To further understand the complex neurophysiological characteristics of sub-cortical areas, the aim of this study was to investigate the functional integrations of six sub-cortical areas to different major functional brain networks. One hundred ninety-eight healthy individuals were examined using resting-state functional MRI. The seeds identified in this study were six sub-cortical deep grey matter regions, namely putamen, pallidum, caudate, thalamus, amygdala and hippocampus. The analysis indicated that the link between the sub-cortical regions and some functional brain networks was similar in some aspects, but there were disparities in the mechanism underlying such a link and in the existence of functional connections between these regions and networks. Despite the substantial functional connectivity linkages between the sub-cortical regions, discrepancies were still noted. On the basis of the connections to the majority of the major brain networks, this study demonstrated the essential functional roles and involvements of the sub-cortical regions. This finding is consistent with an earlier report that revealed a substantial role of the sub-cortical regions in several brain functions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adnan A.S. Alahmadi
- Department of Radiologic Sciences, Faculty of Applied Medical Sciences, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
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11
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Isherwood SJS, Bazin PL, Miletić S, Stevenson NR, Trutti AC, Tse DHY, Heathcote A, Matzke D, Innes RJ, Habli S, Sokołowski DR, Alkemade A, Håberg AK, Forstmann BU. Investigating Intra-Individual Networks of Response Inhibition and Interference Resolution using 7T MRI. Neuroimage 2023; 271:119988. [PMID: 36868392 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroimage.2023.119988] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2022] [Revised: 02/20/2023] [Accepted: 02/25/2023] [Indexed: 03/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Response inhibition and interference resolution are often considered subcomponents of an overarching inhibition system that utilizes the so-called cortico-basal-ganglia loop. Up until now, most previous functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) literature has compared the two using between-subject designs, pooling data in the form of a meta-analysis or comparing different groups. Here, we investigate the overlap of activation patterns underlying response inhibition and interference resolution on a within-subject level, using ultra-high field MRI. In this model-based study, we furthered the functional analysis with cognitive modelling techniques to provide a more in-depth understanding of behaviour. We applied the stop-signal task and multi-source interference task to measure response inhibition and interference resolution, respectively. Our results lead us to conclude that these constructs are rooted in anatomically distinct brain areas and provide little evidence for spatial overlap. Across the two tasks, common BOLD responses were observed in the inferior frontal gyrus and anterior insula. Interference resolution relied more heavily on subcortical components, specifically nodes of the commonly referred to indirect and hyperdirect pathways, as well as the anterior cingulate cortex, and pre-supplementary motor area. Our data indicated that orbitofrontal cortex activation is specific to response inhibition. Our model-based approach provided evidence for the dissimilarity in behavioural dynamics between the two tasks. The current work exemplifies the importance of reducing inter-individual variance when comparing network patterns and the value of UHF-MRI for high resolution functional mapping.
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Affiliation(s)
- S J S Isherwood
- Integrative Model-Based Cognitive Neuroscience Research Unit, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
| | - P L Bazin
- Integrative Model-Based Cognitive Neuroscience Research Unit, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands; Department of Neurophysics, Max Planck Institute for Human Cognitive and Brain Sciences, Leipzig, Germany
| | - S Miletić
- Integrative Model-Based Cognitive Neuroscience Research Unit, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - N R Stevenson
- Integrative Model-Based Cognitive Neuroscience Research Unit, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - A C Trutti
- Integrative Model-Based Cognitive Neuroscience Research Unit, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands; Institute of Psychology, Leiden University, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - D H Y Tse
- Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Trondheim, Norway
| | - A Heathcote
- Department of Psychological Methods, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - D Matzke
- Department of Psychological Methods, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - R J Innes
- Integrative Model-Based Cognitive Neuroscience Research Unit, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - S Habli
- Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Trondheim, Norway
| | - D R Sokołowski
- Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Trondheim, Norway
| | - A Alkemade
- Integrative Model-Based Cognitive Neuroscience Research Unit, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - A K Håberg
- Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Trondheim, Norway
| | - B U Forstmann
- Integrative Model-Based Cognitive Neuroscience Research Unit, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
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12
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Guida P, Foffani G, Obeso I. The Supplementary Motor Area and Automatic Cognitive Control: Lack of Evidence from Two Neuromodulation Techniques. J Cogn Neurosci 2023; 35:439-451. [PMID: 36603037 DOI: 10.1162/jocn_a_01954] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
The SMA is fundamental in planning voluntary movements and execution of some cognitive control operations. Specifically, the SMA has been known to play a dominant role in controlling goal-directed actions as well as those that are highly predicted (i.e., automatic). Yet, the essential contribution of SMA in goal-directed or automatic control of behavior is scarce. Our objective was to test the possible direct role of SMA in automatic and voluntary response inhibition. We separately applied two noninvasive brain stimulation (NIBS) inhibitory techniques over SMA: either continuous theta-burst stimulation using repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation or transcranial static magnetic field stimulation. Each NIBS technique was performed in a randomized, crossover, sham-controlled design. Before applying NIBS, participants practiced a go/no-go learning task where associations between stimulus and stopping behaviors were created (initiation and inhibition). After applying each NIBS, participants performed a go/no-go task with reversed associations (automatic control) and the stop signal task (voluntary control). Learning associations between stimuli and response initiation/inhibition was achieved by participants and therefore automatized during training. However, no significant differences between real and sham NIBS were found in either automatic (go/no-go learning task) or voluntary inhibition (stop signal task), with Bayesian statistics providing moderate evidence of absence. In conclusion, our results are compatible with a nondirect involvement of SMA in automatic control of behavior. Further studies are needed to prove a noncausal link between prior neuroimaging findings relative to SMA controlling functions and the observed behavior.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pasqualina Guida
- Hospital Universitario HM Puerta del Sur, HM Hospitales, Madrid, Spain.,Autonoma de Madrid University-Cajal Institute, Madrid, Spain
| | - Guglielmo Foffani
- Hospital Universitario HM Puerta del Sur, HM Hospitales, Madrid, Spain.,Instituto Carlos III, Madrid, Spain.,Hospital Nacional de Parapléjicos, SESCAM, Toledo, Spain
| | - Ignacio Obeso
- Hospital Universitario HM Puerta del Sur, HM Hospitales, Madrid, Spain.,Complutense University of Madrid, Spain
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13
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The unexplored link between aesthetic perception and creativity: a theory-driven meta-analysis of fMRI studies in the visual domain. Neurosci Biobehav Rev 2022; 140:104768. [DOI: 10.1016/j.neubiorev.2022.104768] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2022] [Revised: 07/01/2022] [Accepted: 07/01/2022] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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14
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Motivational and Cognitive Control: From motor inhibition to social decision making. Neurosci Biobehav Rev 2022; 136:104600. [PMID: 35248675 DOI: 10.1016/j.neubiorev.2022.104600] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
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15
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Li J, Guo J, Sun W, Mei J, Wang Y, Zhang L, Zhang J, Gao J, Su K, Lv Z, Feng X, Li R. Effects of Exercise on Parkinson’s Disease: A Meta-Analysis of Brain Imaging Studies. Front Hum Neurosci 2022; 16:796712. [PMID: 35250515 PMCID: PMC8889068 DOI: 10.3389/fnhum.2022.796712] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2021] [Accepted: 01/17/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
BackgroundExercise is increasingly recognized as a key component of Parkinson’s disease (PD) treatment strategies, but the underlying mechanism of how exercise affects PD is not yet fully understood.ObjectiveThe activation likelihood estimation (ALE) method is used to study the mechanism of exercise affecting PD, providing a theoretical basis for studying exercise and PD, and promoting the health of patients with PD.MethodsRelevant keywords were searched on the PubMed, Cochrane Library, and Web of Science databases. Seven articles were finally included according to the screening criteria, with a total sample size of 97 individuals. Using the GingerALE 3.0.2 software, an ALE meta-analysis was performed using seven studies that met the requirements, and the probability of the cross-experiment activation of each voxel was calculated.ResultsThe meta-analysis produced seven clusters, and major activations were found in the cerebellum, occipital lobe, parietal lobe, and frontal lobe brain regions.ConclusionExercise for PD mainly results in the enhanced activation of the cerebellum, occipital lobe, parietal lobe, and frontal lobe. Exercise for PD does not cause a change in the activation of a single brain area, and the observed improvement may result from coordinated changes in multiple brain areas.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jingwen Li
- College of Rehabilitation Medicine, Henan University of Chinese Medicine, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Jian Guo
- Rehabilitation Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Henan University of Chinese Medicine, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Weijuan Sun
- Rehabilitation Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Henan University of Chinese Medicine, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Jinjin Mei
- College of Rehabilitation Medicine, Henan University of Chinese Medicine, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Yiying Wang
- College of Rehabilitation Medicine, Henan University of Chinese Medicine, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Lihong Zhang
- College of Rehabilitation Medicine, Henan University of Chinese Medicine, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Jianyun Zhang
- College of Rehabilitation Medicine, Henan University of Chinese Medicine, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Jing Gao
- Rehabilitation Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Henan University of Chinese Medicine, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Kaiqi Su
- College of Rehabilitation Medicine, Henan University of Chinese Medicine, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Zhuan Lv
- College of Rehabilitation Medicine, Henan University of Chinese Medicine, Zhengzhou, China
- Rehabilitation Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Henan University of Chinese Medicine, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Xiaodong Feng
- College of Rehabilitation Medicine, Henan University of Chinese Medicine, Zhengzhou, China
- Rehabilitation Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Henan University of Chinese Medicine, Zhengzhou, China
- Xiaodong Feng,
| | - Ruiqing Li
- College of Rehabilitation Medicine, Henan University of Chinese Medicine, Zhengzhou, China
- Rehabilitation Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Henan University of Chinese Medicine, Zhengzhou, China
- *Correspondence: Ruiqing Li,
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