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Kerdiles O, Oye Mintsa Mi-Mba MF, Coulombe K, Tremblay C, Émond V, Saint-Pierre M, Rouxel C, Berthiaume L, Julien P, Cicchetti F, Calon F. Additive neurorestorative effects of exercise and docosahexaenoic acid intake in a mouse model of Parkinson's disease. Neural Regen Res 2025; 20:574-586. [PMID: 38819068 DOI: 10.4103/nrr.nrr-d-23-00595] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2023] [Accepted: 01/30/2024] [Indexed: 06/01/2024] Open
Abstract
JOURNAL/nrgr/04.03/01300535-202502000-00033/figure1/v/2024-05-28T214302Z/r/image-tiff There is a need to develop interventions to slow or reverse the degeneration of dopamine neurons in Parkinson's disease after diagnosis. Given that preclinical and clinical studies suggest benefits of dietary n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids, such as docosahexaenoic acid, and exercise in Parkinson's disease, we investigated whether both could synergistically interact to induce recovery of the dopaminergic pathway. First, mice received a unilateral stereotactic injection of 6-hydroxydopamine into the striatum to establish an animal model of nigrostriatal denervation. Four weeks after lesion, animals were fed a docosahexaenoic acid-enriched or a control diet for the next 8 weeks. During this period, the animals had access to a running wheel, which they could use or not. Docosahexaenoic acid treatment, voluntary exercise, or the combination of both had no effect on (i) distance traveled in the open field test, (ii) the percentage of contraversive rotations in the apomorphine-induction test or (iii) the number of tyrosine-hydroxylase-positive cells in the substantia nigra pars compacta. However, the docosahexaenoic acid diet increased the number of tyrosine-hydroxylase-positive terminals and induced a rise in dopamine concentrations in the lesioned striatum. Compared to docosahexaenoic acid treatment or exercise alone, the combination of docosahexaenoic acid and exercise (i) improved forelimb balance in the stepping test, (ii) decreased the striatal DOPAC/dopamine ratio and (iii) led to increased dopamine transporter levels in the lesioned striatum. The present results suggest that the combination of exercise and docosahexaenoic acid may act synergistically in the striatum of mice with a unilateral lesion of the dopaminergic system and provide support for clinical trials combining nutrition and physical exercise in the treatment of Parkinson's disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Olivier Kerdiles
- Faculté de pharmacie, Université Laval, 1050 Avenue de la Médecine, Quebec, QC, Canada
- Axe Neuroscience, Centre de recherche du CHU de Québec-Université Laval (Pavillon CHUL), 2705 Boulevard Laurier, Quebec, QC, Canada
- Institute of Nutrition and Functional Foods, Quebec, QC, Canada
- Optinutribrain International Associated Laboratory (NutriNeuro, France; INAF, Canada), Quebec, QC, Canada
| | - Méryl-Farelle Oye Mintsa Mi-Mba
- Faculté de pharmacie, Université Laval, 1050 Avenue de la Médecine, Quebec, QC, Canada
- Axe Neuroscience, Centre de recherche du CHU de Québec-Université Laval (Pavillon CHUL), 2705 Boulevard Laurier, Quebec, QC, Canada
- Institute of Nutrition and Functional Foods, Quebec, QC, Canada
- Optinutribrain International Associated Laboratory (NutriNeuro, France; INAF, Canada), Quebec, QC, Canada
| | - Katherine Coulombe
- Axe Neuroscience, Centre de recherche du CHU de Québec-Université Laval (Pavillon CHUL), 2705 Boulevard Laurier, Quebec, QC, Canada
| | - Cyntia Tremblay
- Axe Neuroscience, Centre de recherche du CHU de Québec-Université Laval (Pavillon CHUL), 2705 Boulevard Laurier, Quebec, QC, Canada
- Optinutribrain International Associated Laboratory (NutriNeuro, France; INAF, Canada), Quebec, QC, Canada
| | - Vincent Émond
- Axe Neuroscience, Centre de recherche du CHU de Québec-Université Laval (Pavillon CHUL), 2705 Boulevard Laurier, Quebec, QC, Canada
- Optinutribrain International Associated Laboratory (NutriNeuro, France; INAF, Canada), Quebec, QC, Canada
| | - Martine Saint-Pierre
- Axe Neuroscience, Centre de recherche du CHU de Québec-Université Laval (Pavillon CHUL), 2705 Boulevard Laurier, Quebec, QC, Canada
| | - Clémence Rouxel
- Axe Neuroscience, Centre de recherche du CHU de Québec-Université Laval (Pavillon CHUL), 2705 Boulevard Laurier, Quebec, QC, Canada
- Institute of Nutrition and Functional Foods, Quebec, QC, Canada
| | - Line Berthiaume
- Axe Endocrinologie et Néphrologie, Centre de recherche du CHU de Québec-Université Laval, Quebec, QC, Canada
- Département de Médecine, Faculté de Médecine, Université Laval, Quebec, QC, Canada
| | - Pierre Julien
- Axe Endocrinologie et Néphrologie, Centre de recherche du CHU de Québec-Université Laval, Quebec, QC, Canada
- Département de Médecine, Faculté de Médecine, Université Laval, Quebec, QC, Canada
| | - Francesca Cicchetti
- Axe Neuroscience, Centre de recherche du CHU de Québec-Université Laval (Pavillon CHUL), 2705 Boulevard Laurier, Quebec, QC, Canada
- Département de Psychiatrie et Neurosciences, Faculté de Médecine, Quebec, QC, Canada
| | - Frédéric Calon
- Faculté de pharmacie, Université Laval, 1050 Avenue de la Médecine, Quebec, QC, Canada
- Axe Neuroscience, Centre de recherche du CHU de Québec-Université Laval (Pavillon CHUL), 2705 Boulevard Laurier, Quebec, QC, Canada
- Institute of Nutrition and Functional Foods, Quebec, QC, Canada
- Optinutribrain International Associated Laboratory (NutriNeuro, France; INAF, Canada), Quebec, QC, Canada
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Qian C, Wang Q, Qiao Y, Xu Z, Zhang L, Xiao H, Lin Z, Wu M, Xia W, Yang H, Bai J, Geng D. Arachidonic acid in aging: New roles for old players. J Adv Res 2024:S2090-1232(24)00180-2. [PMID: 38710468 DOI: 10.1016/j.jare.2024.05.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2024] [Revised: 04/26/2024] [Accepted: 05/03/2024] [Indexed: 05/08/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Arachidonic acid (AA), one of the most ubiquitous polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs), provides fluidity to mammalian cell membranes. It is derived from linoleic acid (LA) and can be transformed into various bioactive metabolites, including prostaglandins (PGs), thromboxanes (TXs), lipoxins (LXs), hydroxy-eicosatetraenoic acids (HETEs), leukotrienes (LTs), and epoxyeicosatrienoic acids (EETs), by different pathways. All these processes are involved in AA metabolism. Currently, in the context of an increasingly visible aging world population, several scholars have revealed the essential role of AA metabolism in osteoporosis, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, and many other aging diseases. AIM OF REVIEW Although there are some reviews describing the role of AA in some specific diseases, there seems to be no or little information on the role of AA metabolism in aging tissues or organs. This review scrutinizes and highlights the role of AA metabolism in aging and provides a new idea for strategies for treating aging-related diseases. KEY SCIENTIFIC CONCEPTS OF REVIEW As a member of lipid metabolism, AA metabolism regulates the important lipids that interfere with the aging in several ways. We present a comprehensivereviewofthe role ofAA metabolism in aging, with the aim of relieving the extreme suffering of families and the heavy economic burden on society caused by age-related diseases. We also collected and summarized data on anti-aging therapies associated with AA metabolism, with the expectation of identifying a novel and efficient way to protect against aging.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chen Qian
- Department of Orthopedics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, 188 Shizi Street, Suzhou, Jiangsu 215006, PR China
| | - Qing Wang
- Department of Orthopedics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, 188 Shizi Street, Suzhou, Jiangsu 215006, PR China
| | - Yusen Qiao
- Department of Orthopedics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, 188 Shizi Street, Suzhou, Jiangsu 215006, PR China
| | - Ze Xu
- Department of Orthopedics, The First Affiliated Hospital of USTC, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, 17 Lujiang Road, Hefei, Anhui 230031, PR China
| | - Linlin Zhang
- Department of Orthopedics, The First Affiliated Hospital of USTC, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, 17 Lujiang Road, Hefei, Anhui 230031, PR China
| | - Haixiang Xiao
- Department of Orthopedics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, 188 Shizi Street, Suzhou, Jiangsu 215006, PR China
| | - Zhixiang Lin
- Department of Orthopedics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, 188 Shizi Street, Suzhou, Jiangsu 215006, PR China
| | - Mingzhou Wu
- Department of Orthopedics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, 188 Shizi Street, Suzhou, Jiangsu 215006, PR China
| | - Wenyu Xia
- Department of Orthopedics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, 188 Shizi Street, Suzhou, Jiangsu 215006, PR China
| | - Huilin Yang
- Department of Orthopedics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, 188 Shizi Street, Suzhou, Jiangsu 215006, PR China.
| | - Jiaxiang Bai
- Department of Orthopedics, The First Affiliated Hospital of USTC, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, 17 Lujiang Road, Hefei, Anhui 230031, PR China.
| | - Dechun Geng
- Department of Orthopedics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, 188 Shizi Street, Suzhou, Jiangsu 215006, PR China.
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Li H, Zeng F, Huang C, Pu Q, Thomas ER, Chen Y, Li X. The potential role of glucose metabolism, lipid metabolism, and amino acid metabolism in the treatment of Parkinson's disease. CNS Neurosci Ther 2024; 30:e14411. [PMID: 37577934 PMCID: PMC10848100 DOI: 10.1111/cns.14411] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2023] [Revised: 07/31/2023] [Accepted: 08/01/2023] [Indexed: 08/15/2023] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW Parkinson's disease (PD) is a common neurodegenerative disease, which can cause progressive deterioration of motor function causing muscle stiffness, tremor, and bradykinesia. In this review, we hope to describe approaches that can improve the life of PD patients through modifications of energy metabolism. RECENT FINDINGS The main pathological features of PD are the progressive loss of nigrostriatal dopaminergic neurons and the production of Lewy bodies. Abnormal aggregation of α-synuclein (α-Syn) leading to the formation of Lewy bodies is closely associated with neuronal dysfunction and degeneration. The main causes of PD are said to be mitochondrial damage, oxidative stress, inflammation, and abnormal protein aggregation. Presence of abnormal energy metabolism is another cause of PD. Many studies have found significant differences between neurodegenerative diseases and metabolic decompensation, which has become a biological hallmark of neurodegenerative diseases. SUMMARY In this review, we highlight the relationship between abnormal energy metabolism (Glucose metabolism, lipid metabolism, and amino acid metabolism) and PD. Improvement of key molecules in glucose metabolism, fat metabolism, and amino acid metabolism (e.g., glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase, triglycerides, and levodopa) might be potentially beneficial in PD. Some of these metabolic indicators may serve well during the diagnosis of PD. In addition, modulation of these metabolic pathways may be a potential target for the treatment and prevention of PD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hangzhen Li
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medical ScienceSouthwest Medical UniversityLuzhouChina
| | - Fancai Zeng
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medical ScienceSouthwest Medical UniversityLuzhouChina
| | - Cancan Huang
- Department of DermatologyThe Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical UniversityLuzhouChina
| | - Qiqi Pu
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medical ScienceSouthwest Medical UniversityLuzhouChina
| | | | - Yan Chen
- Department of DermatologyThe Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical UniversityLuzhouChina
| | - Xiang Li
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medical ScienceSouthwest Medical UniversityLuzhouChina
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Valentin-Escalera J, Leclerc M, Calon F. High-Fat Diets in Animal Models of Alzheimer's Disease: How Can Eating Too Much Fat Increase Alzheimer's Disease Risk? J Alzheimers Dis 2024; 97:977-1005. [PMID: 38217592 PMCID: PMC10836579 DOI: 10.3233/jad-230118] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 11/15/2023] [Indexed: 01/15/2024]
Abstract
High dietary intake of saturated fatty acids is a suspected risk factor for neurodegenerative diseases, including Alzheimer's disease (AD). To decipher the causal link behind these associations, high-fat diets (HFD) have been repeatedly investigated in animal models. Preclinical studies allow full control over dietary composition, avoiding ethical concerns in clinical trials. The goal of the present article is to provide a narrative review of reports on HFD in animal models of AD. Eligibility criteria included mouse models of AD fed a HFD defined as > 35% of fat/weight and western diets containing > 1% cholesterol or > 15% sugar. MEDLINE and Embase databases were searched from 1946 to August 2022, and 32 preclinical studies were included in the review. HFD-induced obesity and metabolic disturbances such as insulin resistance and glucose intolerance have been replicated in most studies, but with methodological variability. Most studies have found an aggravating effect of HFD on brain Aβ pathology, whereas tau pathology has been much less studied, and results are more equivocal. While most reports show HFD-induced impairment on cognitive behavior, confounding factors may blur their interpretation. In summary, despite conflicting results, exposing rodents to diets highly enriched in saturated fat induces not only metabolic defects, but also cognitive impairment often accompanied by aggravated neuropathological markers, most notably Aβ burden. Although there are important variations between methods, particularly the lack of diet characterization, these studies collectively suggest that excessive intake of saturated fat should be avoided in order to lower the incidence of AD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Josue Valentin-Escalera
- Faculté de Pharmacie, Université Laval, Québec, Canada
- Axe Neurosciences, Centre de recherche du centre Hospitalier de l'Université Laval (CHUL), Québec, Canada
- Institut sur la Nutrition et les Aliments Fonctionnels, Québec, Canada
- OptiNutriBrain - Laboratoire International Associé (NutriNeuro France-INAF Canada)
| | - Manon Leclerc
- Faculté de Pharmacie, Université Laval, Québec, Canada
- Axe Neurosciences, Centre de recherche du centre Hospitalier de l'Université Laval (CHUL), Québec, Canada
- Institut sur la Nutrition et les Aliments Fonctionnels, Québec, Canada
- OptiNutriBrain - Laboratoire International Associé (NutriNeuro France-INAF Canada)
| | - Frédéric Calon
- Faculté de Pharmacie, Université Laval, Québec, Canada
- Axe Neurosciences, Centre de recherche du centre Hospitalier de l'Université Laval (CHUL), Québec, Canada
- Institut sur la Nutrition et les Aliments Fonctionnels, Québec, Canada
- OptiNutriBrain - Laboratoire International Associé (NutriNeuro France-INAF Canada)
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Mackei M, Sebők C, Vöröházi J, Tráj P, Mackei F, Oláh B, Fébel H, Neogrády Z, Mátis G. Detrimental consequences of tebuconazole on redox homeostasis and fatty acid profile of honeybee brain. INSECT BIOCHEMISTRY AND MOLECULAR BIOLOGY 2023; 159:103990. [PMID: 37488035 DOI: 10.1016/j.ibmb.2023.103990] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2023] [Revised: 07/17/2023] [Accepted: 07/17/2023] [Indexed: 07/26/2023]
Abstract
Excessive use of azole fungicides in agriculture poses a potential threat to honeybees and other pollinator insects; however, the detailed effects of these molecules remain largely unclear. Hence, in the present study it was aimed to investigate the acute sublethal effects of tebuconazole on the redox homeostasis and fatty acid composition in the brain of honeybees. Our findings demonstrate that tebuconazole decreased total antioxidant capacity, the ratio of reduced to oxidized glutathione and disturbed the function of key antioxidant defense enzymes along with the induction of lipid peroxidation indicated by increased malondialdehyde levels, while it also altered the fatty acid profile of the brain. The present study highlights the negative impact of tebuconazole on honeybees and contributes to the understanding of potential consequences related to azole exposure on pollinator insects' health, such as the occurrence of colony collapse disorder.
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Affiliation(s)
- Máté Mackei
- Division of Biochemistry, Department of Physiology and Biochemistry, University of Veterinary Medicine Budapest, István Street 2, H-1078 Budapest, Hungary; National Laboratory of Infectious Animal Diseases, Antimicrobial Resistance, Veterinary Public Health and Food Chain Safety, University of Veterinary Medicine Budapest, István Street 2, H-1078, Hungary.
| | - Csilla Sebők
- Division of Biochemistry, Department of Physiology and Biochemistry, University of Veterinary Medicine Budapest, István Street 2, H-1078 Budapest, Hungary
| | - Júlia Vöröházi
- Division of Biochemistry, Department of Physiology and Biochemistry, University of Veterinary Medicine Budapest, István Street 2, H-1078 Budapest, Hungary
| | - Patrik Tráj
- Division of Biochemistry, Department of Physiology and Biochemistry, University of Veterinary Medicine Budapest, István Street 2, H-1078 Budapest, Hungary
| | - Fruzsina Mackei
- Division of Biochemistry, Department of Physiology and Biochemistry, University of Veterinary Medicine Budapest, István Street 2, H-1078 Budapest, Hungary
| | - Barnabás Oláh
- Division of Biochemistry, Department of Physiology and Biochemistry, University of Veterinary Medicine Budapest, István Street 2, H-1078 Budapest, Hungary
| | - Hedvig Fébel
- Nutrition Physiology Research Group, Institute of Physiology and Nutrition, Kaposvár Campus, Hungarian University of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Gesztenyés Street 1, H-2053 Herceghalom, Hungary
| | - Zsuzsanna Neogrády
- Division of Biochemistry, Department of Physiology and Biochemistry, University of Veterinary Medicine Budapest, István Street 2, H-1078 Budapest, Hungary
| | - Gábor Mátis
- Division of Biochemistry, Department of Physiology and Biochemistry, University of Veterinary Medicine Budapest, István Street 2, H-1078 Budapest, Hungary; National Laboratory of Infectious Animal Diseases, Antimicrobial Resistance, Veterinary Public Health and Food Chain Safety, University of Veterinary Medicine Budapest, István Street 2, H-1078, Hungary
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6
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Lacombe RJS, Smith ME, Perlman K, Turecki G, Mechawar N, Bazinet RP. Quantitative and carbon isotope ratio analysis of fatty acids isolated from human brain hemispheres. J Neurochem 2023; 164:44-56. [PMID: 36196762 DOI: 10.1111/jnc.15702] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2022] [Revised: 08/22/2022] [Accepted: 09/29/2022] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
Our knowledge surrounding the overall fatty acid profile of the adult human brain has been largely limited to extrapolations from brain regions in which the distribution of fatty acids varies. This is especially problematic when modeling brain fatty acid metabolism, therefore, an updated estimate of whole-brain fatty acid concentration is necessitated. Here, we sought to conduct a comprehensive quantitative analysis of fatty acids from entire well-characterized human brain hemispheres (n = 6) provided by the Douglas-Bell Canada Brain Bank. Additionally, exploratory natural abundance carbon isotope ratio (CIR; δ13 C, 13 C/12 C) analysis was performed to assess the origin of brain fatty acids. Brain fatty acid methyl esters (FAMEs) were quantified by gas chromatography (GC)-flame ionization detection and minor n-6 and n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acid pentafluorobenzyl esters by GC-mass spectrometry. Carbon isotope ratio values of identifiable FAMEs were measured by GC-combustion-isotope ratio mass spectrometry. Overall, the most abundant fatty acid in the human brain was oleic acid, followed by stearic acid (STA), palmitic acid (PAM), docosahexaenoic acid (DHA), and arachidonic acid (ARA). Interestingly, cholesterol as well as saturates including PAM and STA were most enriched in 13 C, while PUFAs including DHA and ARA were most depleted in 13 C. These findings suggest a contribution of endogenous synthesis utilizing dietary sugar substrates rich in 13 C, and a combination of marine, animal, and terrestrial PUFA sources more depleted in 13 C, respectively. These results provide novel insights on cerebral fatty acid origin and concentration, the latter serving as a valuable resource for future modeling of fatty acid metabolism in the human brain.
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Affiliation(s)
- R J Scott Lacombe
- Department of Nutritional Sciences, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Mackenzie E Smith
- Department of Nutritional Sciences, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Kelly Perlman
- McGill Group for Suicide Studies, Douglas Mental Health University Institute, Verdun, Quebec, Canada
| | - Gustavo Turecki
- McGill Group for Suicide Studies, Douglas Mental Health University Institute, Verdun, Quebec, Canada.,Department of Psychiatry, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Naguib Mechawar
- McGill Group for Suicide Studies, Douglas Mental Health University Institute, Verdun, Quebec, Canada.,Department of Psychiatry, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Richard P Bazinet
- Department of Nutritional Sciences, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
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Vallés AS, Barrantes FJ. The synaptic lipidome in health and disease. BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA. BIOMEMBRANES 2022; 1864:184033. [PMID: 35964712 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbamem.2022.184033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2022] [Revised: 08/02/2022] [Accepted: 08/08/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Adequate homeostasis of lipid, protein and carbohydrate metabolism is essential for cells to perform highly specific tasks in our organism, and the brain, with its uniquely high energetic requirements, posesses singular characteristics. Some of these are related to its extraordinary dotation of synapses, the specialized subcelluar structures where signal transmission between neurons occurs in the central nervous system. The post-synaptic compartment of excitatory synapses, the dendritic spine, harbors key molecules involved in neurotransmission tightly packed within a minute volume of a few femtoliters. The spine is further compartmentalized into nanodomains that facilitate the execution of temporo-spatially separate functions in the synapse. Lipids play important roles in this structural and functional compartmentalization and in mechanisms that impact on synaptic transmission. This review analyzes the structural and dynamic processes involving lipids at the synapse, highlighting the importance of their homeostatic balance for the physiology of this complex and highly specialized structure, and underscoring the pathologies associated with disbalances of lipid metabolism, particularly in the perinatal and late adulthood periods of life. Although small variations of the lipid profile in the brain take place throughout the adult lifespan, the pathophysiological consequences are clinically manifested mostly during late adulthood. Disturbances in lipid homeostasis in the perinatal period leads to alterations during nervous system development, while in late adulthood they favor the occurrence of neurodegenerative diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ana Sofia Vallés
- Instituto de Investigaciones Bioquímicas de Bahía Blanca (UNS-CONICET), 8000 Bahía Blanca, Argentina.
| | - Francisco J Barrantes
- Laboratory of Molecular Neurobiology, Institute of Biomedical Research (BIOMED), UCA-CONICET, Av. Alicia Moreau de Justo 1600, Buenos Aires C1107AAZ, Argentina.
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Haddish K, Yun JW. L-Dihydroxyphenylalanine (L-Dopa) Induces Brown-like Phenotype in 3T3-L1 White Adipocytes via Activation of Dopaminergic and β3-adrenergic Receptors. BIOTECHNOL BIOPROC E 2022. [DOI: 10.1007/s12257-021-0361-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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9
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Rahimmi A, Tozandehjani S, Daraei M, Khademerfan M. The neuroprotective roles of Dietary Micronutrients on Parkinson’s disease: a review. Mol Biol Rep 2022; 49:8051-8060. [DOI: 10.1007/s11033-022-07345-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2021] [Revised: 03/04/2022] [Accepted: 03/08/2022] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
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Khalid W, Gill P, Arshad MS, Ali A, Ranjha MMAN, Mukhtar S, Afzal F, Maqbool Z. Functional behavior of DHA and EPA in the formation of babies brain at different stages of age, and protect from different brain-related diseases. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF FOOD PROPERTIES 2022. [DOI: 10.1080/10942912.2022.2070642] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Waseem Khalid
- Department of Food Science, Government College University, Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | - Poonam Gill
- National Institute of Food Science and Technology, University of Agriculture, Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | | | - Anwar Ali
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, Xiangya School of Public Health, Central South University, China
| | | | - Shanza Mukhtar
- Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, The University of Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | - Fareed Afzal
- Department of Food Science, Government College University, Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | - Zahra Maqbool
- Department of Food Science, Government College University, Faisalabad, Pakistan
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Simard M, Tremblay A, Morin S, Martin C, Julien P, Fradette J, Flamand N, Pouliot R. α-Linolenic acid and linoleic acid modulate the lipidome and the skin barrier of a tissue-engineered skin model. Acta Biomater 2022; 140:261-274. [PMID: 34808417 DOI: 10.1016/j.actbio.2021.11.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2021] [Revised: 11/15/2021] [Accepted: 11/16/2021] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) play an important role in the establishment and the maintenance of the skin barrier function. However, the impact of their derived lipid mediators remains unclear. Skin substitutes were engineered according to the self-assembly method with a culture medium supplemented with 10 μM of both α-linolenic acid (ALA) and linoleic acid (LA). The supplementation with ALA and LA decreased testosterone absorption through a tissue-engineered reconstructed skin model, thus indicating an improved skin barrier function following supplementation. The exogenously provided fatty acids were incorporated into the phospholipid and triglyceride fractions of the skin substitutes. Indeed, the dual supplementation increased the levels of eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) (15-fold), docosapentaenoic acid (DPA) (3-fold), and LA (1.5-fold) in the epidermal phospholipids while it increased the levels of ALA (>20-fold), DPA (3-fold) and LA (1.5-fold) in the epidermal triglycerides. The bioactive lipid mediator profile of the skin substitutes, including prostaglandins, hydroxy-fatty acids, N-acylethanolamines and monoacylglycerols, was next analyzed using liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry. The lipid supplementation further modulated bioactive lipid mediator levels of the reconstructed skin substitutes, leading to a lipid mediator profile more representative of the one found in normal human skin. These findings show that an optimized supply of PUFAs via culture media is essential for the establishment of improved barrier function in vitro. STATEMENT OF SIGNIFICANCE: Supplementation of the culture medium with 10 μM of both α-linolenic acid (ALA) and linoleic acid (LA) improved the skin barrier function of a tissue-engineered skin model. The exogenously provided fatty acids were incorporated into the phospholipid and triglyceride fractions of the skin substitutes and further modulated bioactive lipid mediator levels, including prostaglandins, hydroxy-fatty acids, N-acylethanolamines and monoacylglycerols. These findings highlight the important role of ALA and LA in skin homeostasis and show that an optimized supply of polyunsaturated fatty acids via culture media is essential for the establishment of improved barrier function in vitro.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mélissa Simard
- Centre de Recherche en Organogénèse Expérimentale de l'Université Laval/LOEX, Axe médecine régénératrice, Centre de recherche du CHU de Québec-Université Laval, Québec, QC, G1J 1Z4, Canada; Faculté de pharmacie de l'Université Laval, Québec, QC, G1J 1A4, Canada
| | - Andréa Tremblay
- Centre de Recherche en Organogénèse Expérimentale de l'Université Laval/LOEX, Axe médecine régénératrice, Centre de recherche du CHU de Québec-Université Laval, Québec, QC, G1J 1Z4, Canada; Faculté de pharmacie de l'Université Laval, Québec, QC, G1J 1A4, Canada
| | - Sophie Morin
- Centre de Recherche en Organogénèse Expérimentale de l'Université Laval/LOEX, Axe médecine régénératrice, Centre de recherche du CHU de Québec-Université Laval, Québec, QC, G1J 1Z4, Canada; Faculté de pharmacie de l'Université Laval, Québec, QC, G1J 1A4, Canada
| | - Cyril Martin
- Centre de recherche de l'Institut universitaire de cardiologie et de pneumologie de Québec, QC, G1V 4G5, Canada; Canada Excellence Research Chair on the Microbiome-Endocannabinoidome Axis in Metabolic Health (CERC-MEND), Université Laval, Québec, QC, Canada
| | - Pierre Julien
- Département de médecine, Faculté de médecine de l'Université Laval, Québec, QC, G1V 0A6, Canada; Axe Endocrinologie et Néphrologie, Centre de recherche du CHU de Québec, Université Laval, Québec, QC, G1J 1A4, Canada
| | - Julie Fradette
- Centre de Recherche en Organogénèse Expérimentale de l'Université Laval/LOEX, Axe médecine régénératrice, Centre de recherche du CHU de Québec-Université Laval, Québec, QC, G1J 1Z4, Canada; Département de chirurgie, Faculté de médecine de l'Université Laval, Québec, QC, G1V 0A6, Canada
| | - Nicolas Flamand
- Centre de recherche de l'Institut universitaire de cardiologie et de pneumologie de Québec, QC, G1V 4G5, Canada; Canada Excellence Research Chair on the Microbiome-Endocannabinoidome Axis in Metabolic Health (CERC-MEND), Université Laval, Québec, QC, Canada
| | - Roxane Pouliot
- Centre de Recherche en Organogénèse Expérimentale de l'Université Laval/LOEX, Axe médecine régénératrice, Centre de recherche du CHU de Québec-Université Laval, Québec, QC, G1J 1Z4, Canada; Faculté de pharmacie de l'Université Laval, Québec, QC, G1J 1A4, Canada.
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12
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Tremblay A, Simard M, Morin S, Pouliot R. Docosahexaenoic Acid Modulates Paracellular Absorption of Testosterone and Claudin-1 Expression in a Tissue-Engineered Skin Model. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:13091. [PMID: 34884896 PMCID: PMC8658185 DOI: 10.3390/ijms222313091] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2021] [Revised: 11/24/2021] [Accepted: 11/29/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Healthy skin moLEdels produced by tissue-engineering often present a suboptimal skin barrier function as compared with normal human skin. Moreover, skin substitutes reconstructed according to the self-assembly method were found to be deficient in polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs). Therefore, in this study, we investigated the effects of a supplementation of the culture media with docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) on the barrier function of skin substitutes. To this end, 10 μM DHA-supplemented skin substitutes were produced (n = 3), analyzed, and compared with controls (substitutes without supplementation). A Franz cell diffusion system, followed by ultra-performance liquid chromatography, was used to perform a skin permeability to testosterone assay. We then used gas chromatography to quantify the PUFAs found in the epidermal phospholipid fraction of the skin substitutes, which showed successful DHA incorporation. The permeability to testosterone was decreased following DHA supplementation and the lipid profile was improved. Differences in the expression of the tight junction (TJ) proteins claudin-1, claudin-4, occludin, and TJ protein-1 were observed, principally a significant increase in claudin-1 expression, which was furthermore confirmed by Western blot analyses. In conclusion, these results confirm that the DHA supplementation of cell culture media modulates different aspects of skin barrier function in vitro and reflects the importance of n-3 PUFAs regarding the lipid metabolism in keratinocytes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andréa Tremblay
- Centre de Recherche en Organogénèse Expérimentale de l’Université Laval/LOEX, Québec, QC G1J 1Z4, Canada; (A.T.); (M.S.); (S.M.)
- Axe Médecine Régénératrice, Centre de Recherche du CHU de Québec-Université Laval, Québec, QC G1J 1Z4, Canada
- Faculté de Pharmacie de l’Université Laval, Québec, QC G1V 0A6, Canada
| | - Mélissa Simard
- Centre de Recherche en Organogénèse Expérimentale de l’Université Laval/LOEX, Québec, QC G1J 1Z4, Canada; (A.T.); (M.S.); (S.M.)
- Axe Médecine Régénératrice, Centre de Recherche du CHU de Québec-Université Laval, Québec, QC G1J 1Z4, Canada
- Faculté de Pharmacie de l’Université Laval, Québec, QC G1V 0A6, Canada
| | - Sophie Morin
- Centre de Recherche en Organogénèse Expérimentale de l’Université Laval/LOEX, Québec, QC G1J 1Z4, Canada; (A.T.); (M.S.); (S.M.)
- Axe Médecine Régénératrice, Centre de Recherche du CHU de Québec-Université Laval, Québec, QC G1J 1Z4, Canada
- Faculté de Pharmacie de l’Université Laval, Québec, QC G1V 0A6, Canada
| | - Roxane Pouliot
- Centre de Recherche en Organogénèse Expérimentale de l’Université Laval/LOEX, Québec, QC G1J 1Z4, Canada; (A.T.); (M.S.); (S.M.)
- Axe Médecine Régénératrice, Centre de Recherche du CHU de Québec-Université Laval, Québec, QC G1J 1Z4, Canada
- Faculté de Pharmacie de l’Université Laval, Québec, QC G1V 0A6, Canada
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13
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Wei G, Zhang Z, Fu D, Zhang Y, Zhang W, Zu Y, Zhang L, Zhang Z. Enzyme-assisted Solvent Extraction of High-yield Paeonia suffruticosa Andr. Seed Oil and Fatty Acid Composition and Anti-Alzheimer's Disease Activity. J Oleo Sci 2021; 70:1133-1146. [PMID: 34248097 DOI: 10.5650/jos.ess21040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Enzyme-assisted solvent extraction (EASE) of Paeonia suffruticosa Andr. seed oil (PSO) was optimized by response surface methodology (RSM). The fatty acid composition and anti-Alzheimer's disease (AD) activity of PSO were analyzed. An enzyme mixture composed of cellulase and hemicellulase (1:1, w/w) was most effective in determining the extraction yield of PSO. The ideal extraction conditions were a pH value of 5.1, an enzymolysis time of 68 min, and a temperature of 50℃. The average extraction yield of PSO was 38.2 mL/100 g, 37.4% higher than that of untreated peony seed (27.8 mL/100 g). The fatty acid composition of PSO under optimal conditions for EASE was analyzed by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS). The predominant unsaturated fatty acids of PSO were determined to be more than 90.00%, including n-3 α-linolenic acid (43.33%), n-6 linoleic acid (23.40%) and oleic acid (23.59%). In this experiment, the anti-AD effect of PSO was also analyzed by performing learning and memory ability tests with Drosophila. PSO retarded the decrease in climbing ability in AD Drosophila. The 1% and 5% PSO groups were significantly different from the model group (b p < 0.05). The smell short-term memory ability test revealed the number of Drosophila in barrier and barrier-free centrifuge tubes in each group. PSO feeding improved learning and memory in AD Drosophila, with the highest number entering the barrierfree centrifuge tube. The performance index (PI) measured by the Pavlov olfactory avoidance conditioning test also demonstrated the effect of PSO on the learning and memory abilities of Drosophila. The PI of the PSO group was significantly increased compared to that of the model group. HE-stained brain tissue sections of AD Drosophila showed higher neurodegenerative changes, while PSO significantly reduced neurodegenerative damage. These results indicated that PSO can significantly improve the cognitive function of AD Drosophila and may help to prevent AD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gang Wei
- Department of School of Forestry, Northeast Forestry University
| | | | - Dongmei Fu
- College of chemistry, chemical engineering and resource utilization, Northeast Forestry University
| | - Yuanyuan Zhang
- College of chemistry, chemical engineering and resource utilization, Northeast Forestry University
| | - Weipeng Zhang
- College of chemistry, chemical engineering and resource utilization, Northeast Forestry University
| | - Yuangang Zu
- College of chemistry, chemical engineering and resource utilization, Northeast Forestry University
| | - Lin Zhang
- College of chemistry, chemical engineering and resource utilization, Northeast Forestry University
| | - Zhi Zhang
- Department of School of Forestry, Northeast Forestry University
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14
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Neuroinflammation and L-dopa-induced abnormal involuntary movements in 6-hydroxydopamine-lesioned rat model of Parkinson's disease are counteracted by combined administration of a 5-HT 1A/1B receptor agonist and A 2A receptor antagonist. Neuropharmacology 2021; 196:108693. [PMID: 34229013 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuropharm.2021.108693] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2021] [Revised: 06/24/2021] [Accepted: 06/29/2021] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Several lines of evidence have strongly implicated neuroinflammation in Parkinson's disease (PD) progression and l-dopa-induced dyskinesia. The present study investigated whether early subchronic pretreatment with the serotonin 5-HT1A/1B receptor agonist eltoprazine plus the adenosine A2A receptor antagonist preladenant counteracted l-dopa-induced abnormal involuntary movements (AIMs, index of dyskinesia), and neuroinflammation, in unilateral 6-hydroxydopamine(6-OHDA)-lesioned rat model of PD. The immunoreactivity of glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP), and the colocalization of ionized calcium binding adaptor molecule-1 (IBA-1), with interleukin (IL)-1β, tumor-necrosis-factor-α (TNF-α) and IL-10 were evaluated in the denervated caudate-putamen (CPu) and substantia nigra pars-compacta (SNc). The combined subchronic pretreatment with l-dopa plus eltoprazine and preladenant reduced AIMs induced by acute l-dopa challenge in these rats and decreased GFAP and IBA-1 immunoreactivity induced by the drug in both CPu and SNc, with reduction in IL-1β in IBA-1-positive cells in both CPu and SNc, and in TNF-α in IBA-1-positive cells in SNc. Moreover, a significant increase in IL-10 in IBA-1-positive cells was observed in SNc. Evaluation of immediate early-gene zif-268 (index of neuronal activation) after l-dopa challenge, showed an increase in its expression in denervated CPu of rats pretreated with l-dopa or l-dopa plus preladenant compared with vehicle, whereas rats pretreated with eltoprazine, with or without preladenant, had lower zif-268 expression. Finally, tyrosine hydroxylase and dopamine transporter examined to evaluate neurodegeneration, showed a significant equal decrease in all experimental groups. The present findings suggest that combination of l-dopa with eltoprazine and preladenant may be promising therapeutic strategy for delaying the onset of dyskinesia, preserving l-dopa efficacy and reducing neuroinflammation markers in nigrostriatal system of 6-OHDA-lesioned rats.
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15
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Dietary intake and plasma levels of polyunsaturated fatty acids in early-stage Parkinson's disease. Sci Rep 2021; 11:12489. [PMID: 34127758 PMCID: PMC8203700 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-92029-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2020] [Accepted: 05/26/2021] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA) are important for neuronal function and may contribute to the development of neurodegenerative diseases. Here, we investigated the correlation between dietary intake and plasma concentrations of PUFA and their associations with clinical severity in early-stage Parkinson’s disease (PD). In a case–control study with 38 patients with PD and 33 controls, we assessed dietary intake using food frequency questionnaires and simultaneously measured the plasma levels of five PUFA. No differences were observed in dietary total energy and lipid intake, including PUFA, between patients with PD and controls. However, α-linolenic acid (ALA), linoleic acid (LA), and arachidonic acid (AA) plasma levels were lower in patients with PD. The association between dietary intake and plasma PUFA concentrations was not significant in patients with PD. ALA and LA plasma levels were inversely correlated with motor severity in patients with PD, while docosahexaenoic acid and AA plasma levels were positively correlated with non-motor symptoms after controlling for age and sex.
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16
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Fernández-Irigoyen J, Cartas-Cejudo P, Iruarrizaga-Lejarreta M, Santamaría E. Alteration in the Cerebrospinal Fluid Lipidome in Parkinson's Disease: A Post-Mortem Pilot Study. Biomedicines 2021; 9:491. [PMID: 33946950 PMCID: PMC8146703 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines9050491] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2021] [Revised: 04/26/2021] [Accepted: 04/27/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Lipid metabolism is clearly associated to Parkinson's disease (PD). Although lipid homeostasis has been widely studied in multiple animal and cellular models, as well as in blood derived from PD individuals, the cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) lipidomic profile in PD remains largely unexplored. In this study, we characterized the post-mortem CSF lipidomic imbalance between neurologically intact controls (n = 10) and PD subjects (n = 20). The combination of dual extraction with ultra-performance liquid chromatography-electrospray ionization quadrupole-time-of-flight mass spectrometry (UPLC-ESI-qToF-MS/MS) allowed for the monitoring of 257 lipid species across all samples. Complementary multivariate and univariate data analysis identified that glycerolipids (mono-, di-, and triacylglycerides), saturated and mono/polyunsaturated fatty acids, primary fatty amides, glycerophospholipids (phosphatidylcholines, phosphatidylethanolamines), sphingolipids (ceramides, sphingomyelins), N-acylethanolamines and sterol lipids (cholesteryl esters, steroids) were significantly increased in the CSF of PD compared to the control group. Interestingly, CSF lipid dyshomeostasis differed depending on neuropathological staging and disease duration. These results, despite the limitation of being obtained in a small population, suggest extensive CSF lipid remodeling in PD, shedding new light on the deployment of CSF lipidomics as a promising tool to identify potential lipid markers as well as discriminatory lipid species between PD and other atypical parkinsonisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joaquín Fernández-Irigoyen
- Clinical Neuroproteomics Unit, Navarrabiomed, Complejo Hospitalario de Navarra (CHN), Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de Navarra (IdiSNA), Universidad Pública de Navarra (UPNA), 31008 Pamplona, Spain; (J.F.-I.); (P.C.-C.)
| | - Paz Cartas-Cejudo
- Clinical Neuroproteomics Unit, Navarrabiomed, Complejo Hospitalario de Navarra (CHN), Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de Navarra (IdiSNA), Universidad Pública de Navarra (UPNA), 31008 Pamplona, Spain; (J.F.-I.); (P.C.-C.)
| | | | - Enrique Santamaría
- Clinical Neuroproteomics Unit, Navarrabiomed, Complejo Hospitalario de Navarra (CHN), Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de Navarra (IdiSNA), Universidad Pública de Navarra (UPNA), 31008 Pamplona, Spain; (J.F.-I.); (P.C.-C.)
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17
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Castellanos DB, Martín-Jiménez CA, Rojas-Rodríguez F, Barreto GE, González J. Brain lipidomics as a rising field in neurodegenerative contexts: Perspectives with Machine Learning approaches. Front Neuroendocrinol 2021; 61:100899. [PMID: 33450200 DOI: 10.1016/j.yfrne.2021.100899] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2020] [Revised: 12/21/2020] [Accepted: 01/10/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Lipids are essential for cellular functioning considering their role in membrane composition, signaling, and energy metabolism. The brain is the second most abundant organ in terms of lipid concentration and diversity only after adipose tissue. However, in the central system (CNS) lipid dysregulation has been linked to the etiology, progression, and severity of neurodegenerative diseases such as Alzheimeŕs, Parkinson, and Multiple Sclerosis. Advances in the human genome and subsequent sequencing technologies allowed us the study of lipidomics as a promising approach to diagnosis and treatment of neurodegeneration. Lipidomics advances rapidly increased the amount and quality of data allowing the integration with other omic types as well as implementing novel bioinformatic and quantitative tools such as machine learning (ML). Integration of lipidomics data with ML, as a powerful quantitative predictive approach, led to improvements in diagnostic biomarker prediction, clinical data integration, network, and systems approaches for neural behavior, novel etiology markers for inflammation, and neurodegeneration progression and even Mass Spectrometry image analysis. In this sense, by exploiting lipidomics data with ML is possible to improve the identification of new biomarkers or unveil new molecular mechanisms associated with lipid impairment across neurodegeneration. In this review, we present the lipidomic neurobiology state-of-the-art highlighting its potential applications to study neurodegenerative conditions. Also, we present theoretical background, applications, and advances in the integration of lipidomics with ML. This review opens the door to new approaches in this rising field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel Báez Castellanos
- Departamento de Nutrición y Bioquímica, Facultad de Ciencias, Pontificia Universidad Javeriana, Bogotá, Colombia
| | - Cynthia A Martín-Jiménez
- Departamento de Nutrición y Bioquímica, Facultad de Ciencias, Pontificia Universidad Javeriana, Bogotá, Colombia
| | - Felipe Rojas-Rodríguez
- Departamento de Nutrición y Bioquímica, Facultad de Ciencias, Pontificia Universidad Javeriana, Bogotá, Colombia
| | - George E Barreto
- Health Research Institute, University of Limerick, Limerick, Ireland
| | - Janneth González
- Departamento de Nutrición y Bioquímica, Facultad de Ciencias, Pontificia Universidad Javeriana, Bogotá, Colombia.
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18
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Sambra V, Echeverria F, Valenzuela A, Chouinard-Watkins R, Valenzuela R. Docosahexaenoic and Arachidonic Acids as Neuroprotective Nutrients throughout the Life Cycle. Nutrients 2021; 13:986. [PMID: 33803760 PMCID: PMC8003191 DOI: 10.3390/nu13030986] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2021] [Revised: 03/08/2021] [Accepted: 03/16/2021] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
The role of docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) and arachidonic acid (AA) in neurogenesis and brain development throughout the life cycle is fundamental. DHA and AA are long-chain polyunsaturated fatty acids (LCPUFA) vital for many human physiological processes, such as signaling pathways, gene expression, structure and function of membranes, among others. DHA and AA are deposited into the lipids of cell membranes that form the gray matter representing approximately 25% of the total content of brain fatty acids. Both fatty acids have effects on neuronal growth and differentiation through the modulation of the physical properties of neuronal membranes, signal transduction associated with G proteins, and gene expression. DHA and AA have a relevant role in neuroprotection against neurodegenerative pathologies such as Alzheimer's disease and Parkinson's disease, which are associated with characteristic pathological expressions as mitochondrial dysfunction, neuroinflammation, and oxidative stress. The present review analyzes the neuroprotective role of DHA and AA in the extreme stages of life, emphasizing the importance of these LCPUFA during the first year of life and in the developing/prevention of neurodegenerative diseases associated with aging.
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Affiliation(s)
- Verónica Sambra
- Department of Nutrition, Faculty of Medicine, University of Chile, Santiago 8380000, Chile; (V.S.); (F.E.)
| | - Francisca Echeverria
- Department of Nutrition, Faculty of Medicine, University of Chile, Santiago 8380000, Chile; (V.S.); (F.E.)
| | - Alfonso Valenzuela
- Faculty of Medicine, School of Nutrition, Universidad de Los Andes, Santiago 8380000, Chile;
| | - Raphaël Chouinard-Watkins
- Department of Nutritional Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON M5S1A8, Canada;
| | - Rodrigo Valenzuela
- Department of Nutrition, Faculty of Medicine, University of Chile, Santiago 8380000, Chile; (V.S.); (F.E.)
- Department of Nutritional Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON M5S1A8, Canada;
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19
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Tiwari A, Melchor-Martínez EM, Saxena A, Kapoor N, Singh KJ, Saldarriaga-Hernández S, Parra-Saldívar R, Iqbal HMN. Therapeutic attributes and applied aspects of biological macromolecules (polypeptides, fucoxanthin, sterols, fatty acids, polysaccharides, and polyphenols) from diatoms - A review. Int J Biol Macromol 2021; 171:398-413. [PMID: 33422516 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2020.12.219] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2020] [Revised: 12/26/2020] [Accepted: 12/30/2020] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Diatoms are ubiquitous, biologically widespread, and have global significance due to their unique silica cell wall composition and noteworthy applied aspects. Diatoms are being extensively exploited for environmental monitoring, reconstruction, and stratigraphic correlation. However, considering all the rich elements of diatoms biology, the current literature lacks sufficient information on the therapeutic attributes and applied aspects of biological macromolecules from diatoms, hampering added advances in all aspects of diatom biology. Diatoms offer numerous high-value compounds, such as fatty acids, polysaccharides, polypeptides, pigments, and polyphenols. Diatoms with a high content of PUFA's are targets of transformation into high-value products through microalgal technologies due to their wide application and growing market as nutraceuticals and food supplements. Diatoms are renewable biomaterial, which can be used to develop drug delivery systems due to biocompatibility, surface area, cost-effective ratio, and ease in surface modifications. Innovative approaches are needed to envisage cost-effective ways for the isolation of bioactive compounds, enhance productivity, and elucidate the detailed mechanism of action. This review spotlights the notable applications of diatoms and their biologically active constituents, such as fucoxanthin and omega 3 fatty acids, among others with unique structural and functional entities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Archana Tiwari
- Diatom Research Laboratory, Amity Institute of Biotechnology, Amity University, Noida, India.
| | | | - Abhishek Saxena
- Diatom Research Laboratory, Amity Institute of Biotechnology, Amity University, Noida, India
| | - Neha Kapoor
- Department of Chemistry, Hindu College, University of Delhi, New Delhi, India
| | - Kawal Jeet Singh
- Diatom Research Laboratory, Amity Institute of Biotechnology, Amity University, Noida, India
| | | | | | - Hafiz M N Iqbal
- Tecnologico de Monterrey, School of Engineering and Sciences, Monterrey 64849, Mexico.
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20
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Lecours C, St-Pierre MK, Picard K, Bordeleau M, Bourque M, Awogbindin IO, Benadjal A, Ibanez FG, Gagnon D, Cantin L, Parent M, Di Paolo T, Tremblay ME. Levodopa partially rescues microglial numerical, morphological, and phagolysosomal alterations in a monkey model of Parkinson's disease. Brain Behav Immun 2020; 90:81-96. [PMID: 32755645 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbi.2020.07.044] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2020] [Revised: 07/23/2020] [Accepted: 07/29/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Parkinson's disease (PD) is the most common neurodegenerative motor disorder. The mechanisms underlying the onset and progression of Levodopa (L-Dopa)-induced dyskinesia (LID) during PD treatment remain elusive. Emerging evidence implicates functional modification of microglia in the development of LID. Thus, understanding the link between microglia and the development of LID may provide the knowledge required to preserve or promote beneficial microglial functions, even during a prolonged L-Dopa treatment. To provide novel insights into microglial functional alterations in PD pathophysiology, we characterized their density, morphology, ultrastructure, and degradation activity in the sensorimotor functional territory of the putamen, using 1-methyl-4-phenyl-1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridine (MPTP) cynomolgus monkeys. A subset of MPTP monkeys was treated orally with L-Dopa and developed LID similar to PD patients. Using a combination of light, confocal and transmission electron microscopy, our quantitative analyses revealed alterations of microglial density, morphology and phagolysosomal activity following MPTP intoxication that were partially normalized with L-Dopa treatment. In particular, microglial density, cell body and arborization areas were increased in the MPTP monkeys, whereas L-Dopa-treated MPTP animals presented a microglial phenotype similar to the control animals. At the ultrastructural level, microglia did not differ between groups in their markers of cellular stress or aging. Nevertheless, microglia from the MPTP monkeys displayed reduced numbers of endosomes, compared with control animals, that remained lower after L-Dopa treatment. Microglia from MPTP monkeys treated with L-Dopa also had increased numbers of primary lysosomes compared with non-treated MPTP animals, while secondary and tertiary lysosomes remained unchanged. Moreover, a decrease microglial immunoreactivity for CD68, considered a marker of phagocytosis and lysosomal activity, was measured in the MPTP monkeys treated with L-Dopa, compared with non-treated MPTP animals. Taken together, these findings revealed significant changes in microglia during PD pathophysiology that were partially rescued by L-Dopa treatment. Albeit, this L-Dopa treatment conferred phagolysosomal insufficiency on microglia in the dyskinetic Parkinsonian monkeys.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cynthia Lecours
- Axe Neurosciences, Centre de Recherche du CHU de Québec-Université Laval, Québec, QC, Canada; Faculté de Pharmacie, Université Laval, Québec, QC, Canada
| | - Marie-Kim St-Pierre
- Axe Neurosciences, Centre de Recherche du CHU de Québec-Université Laval, Québec, QC, Canada
| | - Katherine Picard
- Axe Neurosciences, Centre de Recherche du CHU de Québec-Université Laval, Québec, QC, Canada
| | - Maude Bordeleau
- Axe Neurosciences, Centre de Recherche du CHU de Québec-Université Laval, Québec, QC, Canada; Integrated Program of Neuroscience, Faculty of Medicine, McGill University, Montréal, QC, Canada
| | - Melanie Bourque
- Axe Neurosciences, Centre de Recherche du CHU de Québec-Université Laval, Québec, QC, Canada
| | - Ifeoluwa Oluleke Awogbindin
- Axe Neurosciences, Centre de Recherche du CHU de Québec-Université Laval, Québec, QC, Canada; Neuroimmunology Group, Molecular Drug Metabolism and Toxicology Laboratory, Department of Biochemistry, University of Ibadan, Ibadan, Nigeria
| | - Amin Benadjal
- Axe Neurosciences, Centre de Recherche du CHU de Québec-Université Laval, Québec, QC, Canada; Biologie Intégrative et Physiologie, Sorbonne Université, Paris VI, France
| | | | - Dave Gagnon
- Département de Psychiatrie et de Neurosciences, Faculté de Médecine, Université Laval, Québec, QC, Canada; CERVO Brain Research Center, Québec, QC, Canada
| | - Leo Cantin
- Axe Neurosciences, Centre de Recherche du CHU de Québec-Université Laval, Québec, QC, Canada; Département de Chirurgie, Faculté de Médecine, Université Laval, Québec, QC, Canada
| | - Martin Parent
- Département de Psychiatrie et de Neurosciences, Faculté de Médecine, Université Laval, Québec, QC, Canada; CERVO Brain Research Center, Québec, QC, Canada
| | - Therese Di Paolo
- Axe Neurosciences, Centre de Recherche du CHU de Québec-Université Laval, Québec, QC, Canada; Faculté de Pharmacie, Université Laval, Québec, QC, Canada.
| | - Marie-Eve Tremblay
- Axe Neurosciences, Centre de Recherche du CHU de Québec-Université Laval, Québec, QC, Canada; Département de Médecine Moléculaire, Faculté de Médecine, Université Laval, Québec, QC, Canada; Division of Medical Sciences, University of Victoria, Victoria, BC, Canada; Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, The University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada.
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Almaspour MB, Nasehi M, Khalifeh S, Zarrindast MR. The effect of fish oil on social interaction memory in total sleep-deprived rats with respect to the hippocampal level of stathmin, TFEB, synaptophysin and LAMP-1 proteins. Prostaglandins Leukot Essent Fatty Acids 2020; 157:102097. [PMID: 32388317 DOI: 10.1016/j.plefa.2020.102097] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2019] [Revised: 01/23/2020] [Accepted: 03/23/2020] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Fish oil (FO) is one of the richest natural sources of docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) and eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA). DHA is essential for brain functions and EPA has been approved for brain health. On the other hand, stathmin, TFEB, synaptophysin and LAMP-1 proteins are involved in synaptic plasticity, lysosome biogenesis and synaptic vesicles biogenesis. In this study, we aimed to investigate the effect of FO on social interaction memory in sleep-deprived rats with respect to level of stathmin, TFEB, synaptophysin and LAMP-1 in the hippocampus of rats. All rats received FO through oral gavage at the doses of 0.5, 0.75 and 1 mg/kg. The water box was used to induce total sleep deprivation (TSD) and the three-chamber paradigm test was used to assess social behavior. Hippocampal level of proteins was assessed using Western blot. The results showed, FO impaired social memory at the dose of 1 mg/kg in normal and sham groups. SD impaired social memory and FO did not restore this effect. Furthermore, FO at the dose of 0.75 mg/kg decreased social affiliation and social memory in all groups of normal rats, compared with related saline groups, and at the dose of 1 mg/kg impaired social memory for stranger 2 compared with saline group. In sham groups, FO at the dose of 1 mg/kg impaired social memory for stranger 2 compared with saline group. SD decreased hippocampal level of all proteins (except stathmin), and FO (1 mg/kg) restored these effects. In conclusion, FO negatively affects social interaction memory in rats.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Mohammad Nasehi
- Cognitive and Neuroscience Research Center (CNRC), Tehran Medical Sciences, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, P.O. Box: 13145-784, Iran.
| | - Solmaz Khalifeh
- Cognitive and Neuroscience Research Center (CNRC), Tehran Medical Sciences, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, P.O. Box: 13145-784, Iran
| | - Mohammad-Reza Zarrindast
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
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Fatty Acid Binding Protein 3 Enhances the Spreading and Toxicity of α-Synuclein in Mouse Brain. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:ijms21062230. [PMID: 32210174 PMCID: PMC7139546 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21062230] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2020] [Revised: 03/07/2020] [Accepted: 03/17/2020] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Oligomerization and/or aggregation of α-synuclein (α-Syn) triggers α-synucleinopathies such as Parkinson’s disease and dementia with Lewy bodies. It is known that α-Syn can spread in the brain like prions; however, the mechanism remains unclear. We demonstrated that fatty acid binding protein 3 (FABP3) promotes propagation of α-Syn in mouse brain. Animals were injected with mouse or human α-Syn pre-formed fibrils (PFF) into the bilateral substantia nigra pars compacta (SNpc). Two weeks after injection of mouse α-Syn PFF, wild-type (WT) mice exhibited motor and cognitive deficits, whereas FABP3 knock-out (Fabp3−/−) mice did not. The number of phosphorylated α-Syn (Ser-129)-positive cells was significantly decreased in Fabp3−/− mouse brain compared to that in WT mice. The SNpc was unilaterally infected with AAV-GFP/FABP3 in Fabp3−/− mice to confirm the involvement of FABP3 in the development of α-Syn PFF toxicity. The number of tyrosine hydroxylase (TH)- and phosphorylated α-Syn (Ser-129)-positive cells following α-Syn PFF injection significantly decreased in Fabp3−/− mice and markedly increased by AAV-GFP/FABP3 infection. Finally, we confirmed that the novel FABP3 inhibitor MF1 significantly antagonized motor and cognitive impairments by preventing α-Syn spreading following α-Syn PFF injection. Overall, FABP3 enhances α-Syn spreading in the brain following α-Syn PFF injection, and the FABP3 ligand MF1 represents an attractive therapeutic candidate for α-synucleinopathy.
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El Fari R, Abbaoui A, Bourziq A, Zroudi M, Draoui A, El Khiat A, Belkouch M, Elgot A, Gamrani H. Neuroprotective effects of docosahexaenoic acid against sub-acute manganese intoxication induced dopaminergic and motor disorders in mice. J Chem Neuroanat 2019; 102:101686. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jchemneu.2019.101686] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2019] [Revised: 08/22/2019] [Accepted: 09/24/2019] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
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Simard M, Julien P, Fradette J, Pouliot R. Modulation of the Lipid Profile of Reconstructed Skin Substitutes after Essential Fatty Acid Supplementation Affects Testosterone Permeability. Cells 2019; 8:E1142. [PMID: 31557890 PMCID: PMC6829228 DOI: 10.3390/cells8101142] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/13/2019] [Revised: 09/23/2019] [Accepted: 09/24/2019] [Indexed: 01/21/2023] Open
Abstract
Skin models with efficient skin barrier function are required for percutaneous absorption studies. The contribution of media supplementation with n-3 and n-6 polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) to the development of the skin barrier function of in vitro skin models remains incompletely understood. To investigate whether PUFAs, alpha-linolenic acid (ALA, n-3 PUFA) and linoleic acid (LA, n-6 PUFA), could enhance the impermeability of a three-dimensional reconstructed human skin model, skin substitutes were produced according to the self-assembly method using culture media supplemented with either 10 μM ALA or 10 μM LA. The impact of PUFAs on skin permeability was studied by using a Franz cell diffusion system to assess the percutaneous absorption of testosterone and benzoic acid. Our findings showed that ALA supplementation induced a decrease in the absorption of testosterone, while LA supplementation did not significantly influence the penetration of testosterone and benzoic acid under present experimental conditions. Both ALA and LA were incorporated into phospholipids of the skin substitutes, resulting in an increase in n-3 total PUFAs or n-6 total PUFAs. Collectively, these results revealed the under-estimated impact of n-3 PUFA supplementation as well as the importance of the n-6 to n-3 ratio on the formation of the skin barrier of in vitro reconstructed human skin models.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mélissa Simard
- Centre de Recherche en Organogénèse Expérimentale de l'Université Laval/LOEX, Québec, QC G1J 1Z4, Canada.
- Axe Médecine Régénératrice, Centre de Recherche du CHU de Québec-Université Laval, Québec, QC G1J 1Z4, Canada.
- Faculté de Pharmacie de l'Université Laval, Québec, QC G1V 0A6, Canada.
| | - Pierre Julien
- Axe d'Endocrinologie et de Néphrologie, Centre de Recherche du CHU de Québec-Université Laval, Québec, QC G1V 4G2, Canada.
| | - Julie Fradette
- Centre de Recherche en Organogénèse Expérimentale de l'Université Laval/LOEX, Québec, QC G1J 1Z4, Canada.
- Axe Médecine Régénératrice, Centre de Recherche du CHU de Québec-Université Laval, Québec, QC G1J 1Z4, Canada.
- Département de Chirurgie de l'Université Laval, Québec, QC G1V 0A6, Canada.
| | - Roxane Pouliot
- Centre de Recherche en Organogénèse Expérimentale de l'Université Laval/LOEX, Québec, QC G1J 1Z4, Canada.
- Axe Médecine Régénératrice, Centre de Recherche du CHU de Québec-Université Laval, Québec, QC G1J 1Z4, Canada.
- Faculté de Pharmacie de l'Université Laval, Québec, QC G1V 0A6, Canada.
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Rafie F, Sheibani V, Shahbazi M, Naghdi N, Pourranjbar M, Sheikh M. The effects of voluntary exercise on learning and memory deficit in Parkinson’s disease model of rats. SPORT SCIENCES FOR HEALTH 2019. [DOI: 10.1007/s11332-019-00531-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
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Lange KW, Nakamura Y, Chen N, Guo J, Kanaya S, Lange KM, Li S. Diet and medical foods in Parkinson’s disease. FOOD SCIENCE AND HUMAN WELLNESS 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.fshw.2019.03.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
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Abstract
Parkinson’s disease (PD) is a neurodegenerative disease characterized by a progressive loss of dopaminergic neurons from the nigrostriatal pathway, formation of Lewy bodies, and microgliosis. During the past decades multiple cellular pathways have been associated with PD pathology (i.e., oxidative stress, endosomal-lysosomal dysfunction, endoplasmic reticulum stress, and immune response), yet disease-modifying treatments are not available. We have recently used genetic data from familial and sporadic cases in an unbiased approach to build a molecular landscape for PD, revealing lipids as central players in this disease. Here we extensively review the current knowledge concerning the involvement of various subclasses of fatty acyls, glycerolipids, glycerophospholipids, sphingolipids, sterols, and lipoproteins in PD pathogenesis. Our review corroborates a central role for most lipid classes, but the available information is fragmented, not always reproducible, and sometimes differs by sex, age or PD etiology of the patients. This hinders drawing firm conclusions about causal or associative effects of dietary lipids or defects in specific steps of lipid metabolism in PD. Future technological advances in lipidomics and additional systematic studies on lipid species from PD patient material may improve this situation and lead to a better appreciation of the significance of lipids for this devastating disease.
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Metabolomic investigations in cerebrospinal fluid of Parkinson's disease. PLoS One 2018; 13:e0208752. [PMID: 30532185 PMCID: PMC6287824 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0208752] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2018] [Accepted: 11/21/2018] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
The underlying mechanisms of Parkinson´s disease are not completely revealed. Especially, early diagnostic biomarkers are lacking. To characterize early pathophysiological events, research is focusing on metabolomics. In this case-control study we investigated the metabolic profile of 31 Parkinson´s disease-patients in comparison to 95 neurologically healthy controls. The investigation of metabolites in CSF was performed by a 12 Tesla SolariX Fourier transform-ion cyclotron resonance-mass spectrometer (FT-ICR-MS). Multivariate statistical analysis sorted the most important biomarkers in relation to their ability to differentiate Parkinson versus control. The affected metabolites, their connection and their conversion pathways are described by means of network analysis. The metabolic profiling by FT-ICR-MS in CSF yielded in a good group separation, giving insights into the disease mechanisms. A total number of 243 metabolites showed an affected intensity in Parkinson´s disease, whereas 15 of these metabolites seem to be the main biological contributors. The network analysis showed a connection to the tricarboxylic cycle (TCA cycle) and therefore to mitochondrial dysfunction and increased oxidative stress within mitochondria. The metabolomic analysis of CSF in Parkinson´s disease showed an association to pathways which are involved in lipid/ fatty acid metabolism, energy metabolism, glutathione metabolism and mitochondrial dysfunction.
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Cheng A, Shinoda Y, Yamamoto T, Miyachi H, Fukunaga K. Development of FABP3 ligands that inhibit arachidonic acid-induced α-synuclein oligomerization. Brain Res 2018; 1707:190-197. [PMID: 30496735 DOI: 10.1016/j.brainres.2018.11.036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2018] [Revised: 11/19/2018] [Accepted: 11/25/2018] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
Abstract
In Parkinson's disease (PD), α-synuclein (αSyn) accumulation and inclusion triggers dopamine neuronal death and synapse dysfunction in vivo. We previously reported that fatty acid-binding protein 3 (FABP3) is highly expressed in the brain and accelerates αSyn oligomerization when cells are exposed to 1-Methyl-1,2,3,6-tetrahydropiridine (MPTP). Here, we demonstrate that αSyn oligomerization was markedly enhanced by co-overexpressing FABP3 in neuro-2A cells when cells were treated with arachidonic acid (AA). We developed FABP3 ligands, which bind to the fatty acid binding domain of FABP3, using an 8-Anilinonaphthalene-1-sulfonic acid (ANS) assay with a recombinant FABP3 protein. The prototype for the FABP4 ligand, BMS309403, has no affinity for FABP3. We developed more FABP3-specific ligands derived from the chemical structure of BMS309403. Like AA, ligands 1, 7, and 8 had a relatively high affinity for FAPB3 in the ANS assay. Then, we evaluated the inhibition of αSyn oligomerization in neuro-2A cells co-overexpressing FABP3 and αSyn. Importantly, AA treatments markedly enhanced αSyn oligomerization in the co-expressing cells. Ligands 1, 7, and 8 significantly reduced AA-induced αSyn oligomerization in neuro-2A cells. Taken together, our results indicate that FABP3 ligands that target FABP3 may be used as potential therapeutics that inhibit αSyn aggregation in vivo.
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Affiliation(s)
- An Cheng
- Department of Pharmacology, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tohoku University, Sendai 980-8578, Japan
| | - Yasuharu Shinoda
- Department of Pharmacology, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tohoku University, Sendai 980-8578, Japan
| | - Tetsunori Yamamoto
- Department of Pharmacology, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tohoku University, Sendai 980-8578, Japan
| | - Hiroyuki Miyachi
- Lead Exploration Unit, Drug Discovery Initiative, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo 113-0033, Japan
| | - Kohji Fukunaga
- Department of Pharmacology, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tohoku University, Sendai 980-8578, Japan.
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Fatty Acid Metabolism Disorder as a Factor in Atherogenesis. ROMANIAN JOURNAL OF DIABETES NUTRITION AND METABOLIC DISEASES 2018. [DOI: 10.2478/rjdnmd-2018-0028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Background and aims: The study aims to analyze of fatty acid (FA) composition of arteries and blood plasma in atherosclerosis.
Material and method: The blood plasma in patients with coronary atherosclerosis was studied, the blood from healthy volunteers was used as control. There were also analyzed arteries of patients with severe atherosclerotic lesions and arteries of people with significantly less atherosclerotic changes.
Results: The received data indicates that there is a rather active penetration of FA from blood plasma lipoproteins into intima of arteries. Penetration of FA from blood lipoproteins into the depth of atherosclerotic aorta and an atherosclerotic plaque appears to be small and does not effect on their fatty acid composition, which is similar to that of free FA of blood plasma. The evidence of the increased activity of desaturases and fatty acid synthases in atherosclerotic and intact arteries in patients with severe atherosclerotic vascular lesions was obtained. This increase in activity may be related by relatively low content of polyunsaturated linoleic acid in blood plasma in atherosclerosis.
Conclusions: The increased activity of desaturases and fatty acid synthases as well as arterial wall hypoxia must promote accumulation of lipids in vascular wall by increasing the synthesis and inhibition of FA oxidation including free FA coming from blood.
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Schommer J, Marwarha G, Nagamoto-Combs K, Ghribi O. Palmitic Acid-Enriched Diet Increases α-Synuclein and Tyrosine Hydroxylase Expression Levels in the Mouse Brain. Front Neurosci 2018; 12:552. [PMID: 30127714 PMCID: PMC6087752 DOI: 10.3389/fnins.2018.00552] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2018] [Accepted: 07/20/2018] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Accumulation of the α-synuclein (α-syn) protein and depletion of dopaminergic neurons in the substantia nigra are hallmarks of Parkinson's disease (PD). Currently, α-syn is under scrutiny as a potential pathogenic factor that may contribute to dopaminergic neuronal death in PD. However, there is a significant gap in our knowledge on what causes α-syn to accumulate and dopaminergic neurons to die. It is now strongly suggested that the nature of our dietary intake influences both epigenetic changes and disease-related genes and may thus potentially increase or reduce our risk of developing PD. Objective: In this study, we determined the extent to which a 3 month diet enriched in the saturated free fatty acid palmitate (PA) influences levels of α-syn and tyrosine hydroxylase, the rate limiting enzyme in dopamine synthesis in mice brains. Methods: We fed the m-Thy1-αSyn (m-Thy1) mouse model for PD and its matched control, the B6D2F1/J (B6D2) mouse a PA-enriched diet or a normal diet for 3 months. Levels of α-syn, tyrosine hydroxylase, and the biogenic amines dopamine and dopamine metabolites, serotonin and noradrenaline were determined. Results: We found that the PA-enriched diet induces an increase in α-syn and TH protein and mRNA expression levels in m-Thy1 transgenic mice. We also show that, while it didn't affect levels of biogenic amine content in the B6D2 mice, the PA-enriched diet significantly reduces dopamine metabolites and increases the level of serotonin in m-Thy1 mice. Conclusion: Altogether, our results demonstrate that a diet rich in the saturated fatty acid palmitate can modulate levels of α-syn, TH, dopamine, and serotonin which all are proteins and neurochemicals that play key roles in increasing or reducing the risk for many neurodegenerative diseases including PD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jared Schommer
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, School of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of North Dakota, Grand Forks, ND, United States
| | - Gurdeep Marwarha
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, School of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of North Dakota, Grand Forks, ND, United States
| | - Kumi Nagamoto-Combs
- Department of Pathology, School of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of North Dakota, Grand Forks, ND, United States
| | - Othman Ghribi
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, School of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of North Dakota, Grand Forks, ND, United States
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32
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Wang C, Wang D, Xu J, Yanagita T, Xue C, Zhang T, Wang Y. DHA enriched phospholipids with different polar groups (PC and PS) had different improvements on MPTP-induced mice with Parkinson’s disease. J Funct Foods 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jff.2018.04.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
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Apolipoprotein D Concentration in Human Plasma during Aging and in Parkinson's Disease: A Cross-Sectional Study. PARKINSONS DISEASE 2018; 2018:3751516. [PMID: 29780571 PMCID: PMC5892211 DOI: 10.1155/2018/3751516] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2017] [Accepted: 02/19/2018] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
Apolipoprotein D (ApoD), a lipocalin transporter of small hydrophobic molecules, plays an important role in several neurodegenerative diseases. ApoD is expressed in and secreted from a variety of peripheral and brain tissues. Increments of ApoD have been reported in relation with oxidative stress conditions, aging, and degeneration in the nervous system. Preliminary findings support the role of ApoD in neuroprotection. However, its role in PD remains unclear. To date, no studies have been performed on the relationship between ApoD in the blood and PD, as neurodegenerative pathology related to oxidative damage. We investigated the concentration of ApoD in the blood of healthy control subjects and PD patients with mild-to-moderate neurological impairment. ApoD plasma levels were measured using sandwich enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays (ELISA) in 90 healthy subjects (aging-analysis cohort) and in 66 PD patients at different stages compared with 19 age-matched healthy subjects. Significant age-related increase of ApoD was detected in subjects older than 65 years of age (p < 0.002). In PD patients, a significant increase in ApoD plasma concentration was found compared with healthy subjects of the same age (p < 0.05). ApoD and PD stage are significantly correlated (p < 0.05). ApoD might be a valid marker for the progression of PD.
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Identification of metabolite biomarkers for L-DOPA-induced dyskinesia in a rat model of Parkinson's disease by metabolomic technology. Behav Brain Res 2018; 347:175-183. [PMID: 29551735 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbr.2018.03.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/03/2017] [Revised: 03/02/2018] [Accepted: 03/13/2018] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
L-DOPA-induced dyskinesia (LID) is a frequent complication of chronic L-DOPA therapy in the clinical treatment of Parkinson's disease (PD). The pathogenesis of LID involves complex molecular mechanisms in the striatum. Metabolomics can shed light on striatal metabolic alterations in LID. In the present study, we compared metabolomics profiles of striatum tissue from Parkinsonian rats with or without dyskinetic symptoms after chronic L-DOPA administration. A liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry based global metabolomics method combined with multivariate statistical analyses were used to detect candidate metabolites associated with LID. 36 dysregulated metabolites in the striatum of LID rats, including anandamide, 2-arachidonoylglycerol, adenosine, glutamate and sphingosine1-phosphate were identified. Furthermore, IMPaLA metabolite set analysis software was used to identify differentially regulated metabolic pathways. The results showed that the metabolic pathways of "Retrograde endocannabinoid signaling", "Phospholipase D signaling pathway", "Glycerophospholipid metabolism" and "Sphingolipid signaling", etc. were dysregulated in LID rats compared to non-LID controls. Moreover, integrated pathway analysis based on results from the present metabolomics and our previous gene expression data in LID rats further demonstrates that aberrant "Retrograde endocannabinoid signaling" pathway might be involved in the development of LID. The present results provide a new profile for the understanding of the pathological mechanism of LID.
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35
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Pisanu A, Boi L, Mulas G, Spiga S, Fenu S, Carta AR. Neuroinflammation in L-DOPA-induced dyskinesia: beyond the immune function. J Neural Transm (Vienna) 2018. [PMID: 29541852 DOI: 10.1007/s00702-018-1874-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Neuroinflammation is a main component of Parkinson's disease (PD) neuropathology, where unremitting reactive microglia and microglia-secreted soluble molecules such as cytokines, contribute to the neurodegenerative process as part of an aberrant immune reaction. Besides, pro-inflammatory cytokines, predominantly TNF-α, play an important neuromodulatory role in the healthy and diseased brain, being involved in neurotransmitter metabolism, synaptic scaling and brain plasticity. Recent preclinical studies have evidenced an exacerbated neuroinflammatory reaction in the striatum of parkinsonian rats that developed dyskinetic responses following L-DOPA administration. These findings prompted investigation of non-neuronal mechanisms of L-DOPA-induced dyskinesia (LID) involving glial cells and glial-secreted soluble molecules. Hence, besides the classical mechanisms of LID that include abnormal corticostriatal neurotransmission and maladaptive changes in striatal medium spiny neurons (MSNs), here we review studies supporting a role of striatal neuroinflammation in the development of LID, with a focus on microglia and the pro-inflammatory cytokine TNF-α. Moreover, we discuss several mechanisms that have been involved in the development of LID, which are directly or indirectly under the control of TNF-α, and might be abnormally affected by its chronic overproduction and release by microglia in PD. It is proposed that TNF-α may contribute to the altered neuronal responses occurring in LID by targeting receptor trafficking and function in MSNs, but also dopamine synthesis in preserved dopaminergic terminals and serotonin metabolism in serotonergic neurons. Therapeutic approaches specifically targeting glial-secreted cytokines may represent a novel target for preventing or treating LID.
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Affiliation(s)
- Augusta Pisanu
- Institute of Neuroscience, National Research Council, SS 554 km 4.500, Monserrato, 09042, Cagliari, Italy
| | - Laura Boi
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Cagliari, Cittadella Universitaria di Monserrato, S.P. N. 8, Monserrato, 09042, Cagliari, Italy
| | - Giovanna Mulas
- Department of Life and Environmental Sciences, University of Cagliari, Via Fiorelli 1, Cagliari, Italy
| | - Saturnino Spiga
- Department of Life and Environmental Sciences, University of Cagliari, Via Fiorelli 1, Cagliari, Italy
| | - Sandro Fenu
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Cagliari, Cittadella Universitaria di Monserrato, S.P. N. 8, Monserrato, 09042, Cagliari, Italy
| | - Anna R Carta
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Cagliari, Cittadella Universitaria di Monserrato, S.P. N. 8, Monserrato, 09042, Cagliari, Italy.
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Dehhaghi M, Mohammadipanah F, Guillemin GJ. Myxobacterial natural products: An under-valued source of products for drug discovery for neurological disorders. Neurotoxicology 2018; 66:195-203. [PMID: 29499217 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuro.2018.02.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2017] [Revised: 02/26/2018] [Accepted: 02/27/2018] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Age-related disorders impose noticeable financial and emotional burdens on society. This impact is becoming more prevalent with the increasing incidence of neurodegenerative diseases and is causing critical concerns for treatment of patients worldwide. Parkinson's disease, Alzheimer's disease, multiple sclerosis and motor neuron disease are the most prevalent and the most expensive to treat neurodegenerative diseases globally. Therefore, exploring effective therapies to overcome these disorders is a necessity. Natural products and their derivatives have increasingly attracted attention in drug discovery programs that have identified microorganisms which produce a large range of metabolites with bioactive properties. Myxobacteria, a group of Gram-negative bacteria with large genome size, produce a wide range of secondary metabolites with significant chemical structures and a variety of biological effects. They are potent natural product producers. In this review paper, we attempt to overview some secondary metabolites synthesized by myxobacteria with neuroprotective activity through known mechanisms including production of polyunsaturated fatty acids, reduction of apoptosis, immunomodulation, stress reduction of endoplasmic reticulum, stabilization of microtubules, enzyme inhibition and serotonin receptor modulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mona Dehhaghi
- Department of Microbial Biotechnology, School of Biology and Center of Excellence in Phylogeny of Living Organisms, College of Science, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran; Neuropharmacology Group, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Macquarie University, NSW, Australia
| | - Fatemeh Mohammadipanah
- Department of Microbial Biotechnology, School of Biology and Center of Excellence in Phylogeny of Living Organisms, College of Science, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran.
| | - Gilles J Guillemin
- Neuropharmacology Group, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Macquarie University, NSW, Australia.
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Brain docosahexaenoic acid uptake and metabolism. Mol Aspects Med 2018; 64:109-134. [PMID: 29305120 DOI: 10.1016/j.mam.2017.12.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 110] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2017] [Revised: 12/21/2017] [Accepted: 12/28/2017] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) is the most abundant n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acid in the brain where it serves to regulate several important processes and, in addition, serves as a precursor to bioactive mediators. Given that the capacity of the brain to synthesize DHA locally is appreciably low, the uptake of DHA from circulating lipid pools is essential to maintaining homeostatic levels. Although, several plasma pools have been proposed to supply the brain with DHA, recent evidence suggests non-esterified-DHA and lysophosphatidylcholine-DHA are the primary sources. The uptake of DHA into the brain appears to be regulated by a number of complementary pathways associated with the activation and metabolism of DHA, and may provide mechanisms for enrichment of DHA within the brain. Following entry into the brain, DHA is esterified into and recycled amongst membrane phospholipids contributing the distribution of DHA in brain phospholipids. During neurotransmission and following brain injury, DHA is released from membrane phospholipids and converted to bioactive mediators which regulate signaling pathways important to synaptogenesis, cell survival, and neuroinflammation, and may be relevant to treating neurological diseases. In the present review, we provide a comprehensive overview of brain DHA metabolism, encompassing many of the pathways and key enzymatic regulators governing brain DHA uptake and metabolism. In addition, we focus on the release of non-esterified DHA and subsequent production of bioactive mediators and the evidence of their proposed activity within the brain. We also provide a brief review of the evidence from post-mortem brain analyses investigating DHA levels in the context of neurological disease and mood disorder, highlighting the current disparities within the field.
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Kerdiles O, Layé S, Calon F. Omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids and brain health: Preclinical evidence for the prevention of neurodegenerative diseases. Trends Food Sci Technol 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tifs.2017.09.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
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Sheibani V, Rafie F, Shahbazi M, Naghdi N, Sheikh M. Comparison of voluntary and forced exercise effects on motor behavior in 6-hydroxydopamine-lesion rat model of Parkinson’s disease. SPORT SCIENCES FOR HEALTH 2017. [DOI: 10.1007/s11332-017-0354-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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Carta AR, Mulas G, Bortolanza M, Duarte T, Pillai E, Fisone G, Vozari RR, Del-Bel E. l-DOPA-induced dyskinesia and neuroinflammation: do microglia and astrocytes play a role? Eur J Neurosci 2016; 45:73-91. [DOI: 10.1111/ejn.13482] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2016] [Revised: 11/07/2016] [Accepted: 11/11/2016] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Anna R. Carta
- Department of Biomedical Sciences; University of Cagliari, Cittadella Universitaria di Monserrato; S.P. N. 8 09042 Monserrato Cagliari Italy
| | - Giovanna Mulas
- Department of Biomedical Sciences; University of Cagliari, Cittadella Universitaria di Monserrato; S.P. N. 8 09042 Monserrato Cagliari Italy
| | - Mariza Bortolanza
- School of Odontology of Ribeirão Preto; Department of Morphology, Physiology and Basic Pathology; University of São Paulo (USP); Av. Café S/N 14040-904 Ribeirão Preto SP Brazil
- USP, Center for Interdisciplinary Research on Applied Neurosciences (NAPNA); São Paulo Brazil
| | - Terence Duarte
- School of Odontology of Ribeirão Preto; Department of Morphology, Physiology and Basic Pathology; University of São Paulo (USP); Av. Café S/N 14040-904 Ribeirão Preto SP Brazil
- USP, Center for Interdisciplinary Research on Applied Neurosciences (NAPNA); São Paulo Brazil
| | - Elisabetta Pillai
- Department of Biomedical Sciences; University of Cagliari, Cittadella Universitaria di Monserrato; S.P. N. 8 09042 Monserrato Cagliari Italy
| | - Gilberto Fisone
- Department of Neuroscience; Karolinska Institutet; Retzius väg 8 17177 Stockholm Sweden
| | - Rita Raisman Vozari
- INSERM U 1127; CNRS UMR 7225; UPMC Univ Paris 06; UMR S 1127; Institut Du Cerveau et de La Moelle Epiniére; ICM; Paris France
| | - Elaine Del-Bel
- School of Odontology of Ribeirão Preto; Department of Morphology, Physiology and Basic Pathology; University of São Paulo (USP); Av. Café S/N 14040-904 Ribeirão Preto SP Brazil
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Mulas G, Espa E, Fenu S, Spiga S, Cossu G, Pillai E, Carboni E, Simbula G, Jadžić D, Angius F, Spolitu S, Batetta B, Lecca D, Giuffrida A, Carta AR. Differential induction of dyskinesia and neuroinflammation by pulsatile versus continuous l-DOPA delivery in the 6-OHDA model of Parkinson's disease. Exp Neurol 2016; 286:83-92. [PMID: 27697481 DOI: 10.1016/j.expneurol.2016.09.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2016] [Revised: 09/26/2016] [Accepted: 09/27/2016] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Neuroinflammation is associated with l-DOPA treatment in Parkinson's disease (PD), suggesting a role in l-DOPA-induced dyskinesia (LID), however it is unclear whether increased inflammation is specifically related to the dyskinetic outcome of l-DOPA treatment. Diversely from oral l-DOPA, continuous intrajejunal l-DOPA infusion is associated with very low dyskinetic outcome in PD patients. We reproduced these regimens of administration in 6-OHDA-lesioned hemiparkinsonian rats, where dyskinetic responses and striatal neuroinflammation induced by chronic pulsatile (DOPAp) or continuous (DOPAc) l-DOPA were compared. Moreover, we investigated the contribution of a peripheral inflammatory challenge with lipopolysaccharide (LPS), to DOPAp-induced dyskinetic and neuroinflammatory responses. Rats 6-OHDA-infused in the medial forebrain bundle received two weeks treatment with DOPAp, DOPAc via subcutaneous osmotic minipumps, or DOPAp followed by DOPAc. l-DOPA plasma levels were measured in all experimental groups. An independent group of rats received one peripheral dose of LPS 24h before DOPAp treatment. Abnormal involuntary movements (AIMs) were evaluated as a rat model of LID. Immunoreactivity (IR) for OX-42, microglial and neuronal TNF-α, iNOS and GFAP was quantified in denervated and contralateral striatum. In addition, serum TNF-α was measured. The 6-OHDA denervation induced a mild microgliosis in the striatum two weeks after neurotoxin infusion, and increased TNF-α IR in microglia. Rats receiving the DOPAp treatment developed AIMs and displayed increased striatal OX-42, microglial TNF-α, iNOS and GFAP. Moreover, TNF-α IR was also increased in a subpopulation of striatal neurons. Conversely, DOPAc did not induce AIMs or inflammatory responses in either drug-naïve animals or rats that were previously dyskinetic when exposed to DOPAp. Serum TNF-α was not altered by any l-DOPA treatment. LPS pre-treatment increased the degree of DOPAp-induced AIMs and striatal IR for OX-42, TNF-α, iNOS and GFAP. Altogether the present findings indicate that in the 6-OHDA model, chronic l-DOPA induces striatal inflammatory responses, which however depend upon the administration regimen and the dyskinetic outcome of drug treatment. The potentiation of dyskinetic responses by LPS suggests a reciprocal causal link between neuroinflammation and LID.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giovanna Mulas
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Cagliari, Cittadella Universitaria di Monserrato, S.P. N. 8, 09042, Monserrato, Cagliari, Italy
| | - Elena Espa
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Cagliari, Cittadella Universitaria di Monserrato, S.P. N. 8, 09042, Monserrato, Cagliari, Italy
| | - Sandro Fenu
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Cagliari, Cittadella Universitaria di Monserrato, S.P. N. 8, 09042, Monserrato, Cagliari, Italy
| | - Saturnino Spiga
- Department of Life and Environmental Sciences, University of Cagliari, via Fiorelli 1, Cagliari, Italy
| | - Giovanni Cossu
- Department of Neurology, AOB "G. Brotzu" General Hospital, via Peretti 2, Cagliari, Italy
| | - Elisabetta Pillai
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Cagliari, Cittadella Universitaria di Monserrato, S.P. N. 8, 09042, Monserrato, Cagliari, Italy
| | - Ezio Carboni
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Cagliari, Cittadella Universitaria di Monserrato, S.P. N. 8, 09042, Monserrato, Cagliari, Italy
| | - Gabriella Simbula
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Cagliari, Cittadella Universitaria di Monserrato, S.P. N. 8, 09042, Monserrato, Cagliari, Italy
| | - Dragana Jadžić
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Cagliari, Cittadella Universitaria di Monserrato, S.P. N. 8, 09042, Monserrato, Cagliari, Italy
| | - Fabrizio Angius
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Cagliari, Cittadella Universitaria di Monserrato, S.P. N. 8, 09042, Monserrato, Cagliari, Italy
| | - Stefano Spolitu
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Cagliari, Cittadella Universitaria di Monserrato, S.P. N. 8, 09042, Monserrato, Cagliari, Italy
| | - Barbara Batetta
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Cagliari, Cittadella Universitaria di Monserrato, S.P. N. 8, 09042, Monserrato, Cagliari, Italy
| | - Daniela Lecca
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Cagliari, Cittadella Universitaria di Monserrato, S.P. N. 8, 09042, Monserrato, Cagliari, Italy
| | - Andrea Giuffrida
- Department of Pharmacology, UT Health Science Center San Antonio, 7703 Floyd Curl Drive, San Antonio, TX 78229-3900, United States
| | - Anna R Carta
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Cagliari, Cittadella Universitaria di Monserrato, S.P. N. 8, 09042, Monserrato, Cagliari, Italy.
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Coulombe K, Saint-Pierre M, Cisbani G, St-Amour I, Gibrat C, Giguère-Rancourt A, Calon F, Cicchetti F. Partial neurorescue effects of DHA following a 6-OHDA lesion of the mouse dopaminergic system. J Nutr Biochem 2016; 30:133-42. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jnutbio.2015.11.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2015] [Revised: 11/10/2015] [Accepted: 11/20/2015] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
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Tan LC, Methawasin K, Tan EK, Tan JH, Au WL, Yuan JM, Koh WP. Dietary cholesterol, fats and risk of Parkinson's disease in the Singapore Chinese Health Study. J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry 2016; 87:86-92. [PMID: 25669745 PMCID: PMC4929981 DOI: 10.1136/jnnp-2014-310065] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2014] [Accepted: 01/23/2015] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Prospective studies on lipids and risk of Parkinson's disease (PD) in Asian populations are sparse. This study prospectively examined the associations between dietary cholesterol and major fatty acids, and risk of PD among the Chinese in Singapore. METHODS This study used data from the Singapore Chinese Health Study, a population-based prospective cohort of 63 257 men and women aged 45-74 years in Singapore enrolled in 1993-1998. Dietary intakes of cholesterol and fatty acids were derived from a validated semiquantitative food frequency questionnaire and the Singapore Food Composition Table. Incident PD cases were identified either through follow-up interviews or record linkage analysis with hospital discharge and PD outpatient registries. RESULTS After an average of 14.6 years, 218 men and 193 women in the cohort developed PD. Dietary cholesterol was associated with statistically significantly lower risk of PD in a dose-dependent manner among men after adjustment for established risk factors for PD and intakes of major fatty acids. Compared to the lowest quartile, HR (95% CI) for the highest quartile was 0.53 (95% CI 0.33 to 0.84) (P for trend=0.006). Among women, dietary monounsaturated fatty acid was inversely associated with PD risk (P for trend=0.033). Compared to the lowest quartile, HR for the highest quartile was 0.44 (95% CI 0.22 to 0.88). There was no statistically significant association between dietary saturated, n-3 and n-6 fatty acids and PD risk. CONCLUSIONS Higher intakes of cholesterol and monounsaturated fatty acids may reduce risk of PD in men and women, respectively.
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Affiliation(s)
- Louis C Tan
- Department of Neurology, National Neuroscience Institute, Singapore, Singapore Duke-NUS Graduate Medical School Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Kulthida Methawasin
- Department of Neurology, National Neuroscience Institute, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Eng-King Tan
- Department of Neurology, National Neuroscience Institute, Singapore, Singapore Duke-NUS Graduate Medical School Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
| | - June H Tan
- Department of Medicine, National University Health System, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Wing-Lok Au
- Department of Neurology, National Neuroscience Institute, Singapore, Singapore Duke-NUS Graduate Medical School Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Jian-Min Yuan
- Division of Cancer Control and Population Sciences, University of Pittsburgh Cancer Institute, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA Department of Epidemiology, Graduate School of Public Health, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Woon-Puay Koh
- Duke-NUS Graduate Medical School Singapore, Singapore, Singapore Saw Swee Hock School of Public Health, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
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Shashikumar S, Pradeep H, Chinnu S, Rajini PS, Rajanikant GK. Alpha-linolenic acid suppresses dopaminergic neurodegeneration induced by 6-OHDA in C. elegans. Physiol Behav 2015; 151:563-9. [PMID: 26300470 DOI: 10.1016/j.physbeh.2015.08.025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2015] [Revised: 08/06/2015] [Accepted: 08/17/2015] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
Parkinson's disease (PD) is the second most common neurodegenerative disorder characterized by the specific and massive loss of dopamine (DA) containing neurons in the substantia nigra pars compacta (SNpc) and aggregation of protein α-synuclein. There are a few animal studies, which indirectly implicate the neuroprotective action of omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids in neurodegenerative diseases. In this study, we exposed Caenorhabditis elegans (both wild type N2, and transgenic strain, UA44) to 6-hydroxydopamine (6-OHDA, the model neurotoxicant) and evaluated the extent of protection offered by alpha-linolenic acid (ALA). Larval stage worms (L1/L2) of N2 and transgenic strains were exposed to 6-OHDA (25 mM) with or without ALA (10, 50 and 100 μM) for 48 h at 20 °C. After 48 h, while the N2 worms were assessed for their responses in terms of locomotion, pharyngeal pumping, lifespan and AChE activity, the transgenic worms were monitored for dopaminergic neuronal degeneration. Worms exposed to 6-OHDA exhibited a significant reduction (48%) in the locomotion rate. Interestingly, supplementation with ALA increased the locomotion rate in 6-OHDA treated worms. A marked decrease (45%) in thrashing was evident in worms exposed to 6-OHDA while thrashing was slightly improved in worms co-exposed to 6-OHDA and higher concentrations of ALA. Interestingly, worms co-exposed to 6-OHDA with ALA (100 μM) exhibited a significant increase in thrashing (66 ± 1.80 thrashes/30s). The pharyngeal pumping rate declined significantly in the case of worms exposed to 6-OHDA (35%). However, the worms co-treated with ALA exhibited significant recovery in pharyngeal pumping. The mean survival for the control worms was 26 days, while the worms exposed to 6-OHDA, showed a marked reduction in survival (21 days). Worms co-exposed to 6-OHDA and ALA showed a concentration-dependent increase in lifespan compared to those exposed to 6-OHDA alone (23, 25 and 26 days respectively). Transgenic worms treated with 6-OHDA showed significant loss of processes of CEP and ADE neurons as evident from visibly marked reduction in GFP expression. Worms co-exposed to 6-OHDA and ALA showed visibly significant reduction in neuronal degeneration in both CEP and ADE. However, worms exposed to 6-OHDA together with ALA showed increased GFP expression within processes of CEP and ADE neurons. Overall, our results demonstrate that ALA significantly suppresses the dopaminergic neurodegeneration and movement disorder induced by 6-OHDA in C. elegans.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Shashikumar
- National Institute of Technology (NIT), Calicut, Kerala 673601, India
| | - H Pradeep
- National Institute of Technology (NIT), Calicut, Kerala 673601, India
| | - Salim Chinnu
- CSIR-Central Food Technological Research Institute, Mysuru, Karnataka 570020, India; Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), New Delhi, India
| | - P S Rajini
- CSIR-Central Food Technological Research Institute, Mysuru, Karnataka 570020, India; Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), New Delhi, India
| | - G K Rajanikant
- National Institute of Technology (NIT), Calicut, Kerala 673601, India.
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Dyall SC. Long-chain omega-3 fatty acids and the brain: a review of the independent and shared effects of EPA, DPA and DHA. Front Aging Neurosci 2015; 7:52. [PMID: 25954194 PMCID: PMC4404917 DOI: 10.3389/fnagi.2015.00052] [Citation(s) in RCA: 487] [Impact Index Per Article: 54.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2014] [Accepted: 03/28/2015] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) exhibit neuroprotective properties and represent a potential treatment for a variety of neurodegenerative and neurological disorders. However, traditionally there has been a lack of discrimination between the different omega-3 PUFAs and effects have been broadly accredited to the series as a whole. Evidence for unique effects of eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA), docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) and more recently docosapentaenoic acid (DPA) is growing. For example, beneficial effects in mood disorders have more consistently been reported in clinical trials using EPA; whereas, with neurodegenerative conditions such as Alzheimer’s disease, the focus has been on DHA. DHA is quantitatively the most important omega-3 PUFA in the brain, and consequently the most studied, whereas the availability of high purity DPA preparations has been extremely limited until recently, limiting research into its effects. However, there is now a growing body of evidence indicating both independent and shared effects of EPA, DPA and DHA. The purpose of this review is to highlight how a detailed understanding of these effects is essential to improving understanding of their therapeutic potential. The review begins with an overview of omega-3 PUFA biochemistry and metabolism, with particular focus on the central nervous system (CNS), where DHA has unique and indispensable roles in neuronal membranes with levels preserved by multiple mechanisms. This is followed by a review of the different enzyme-derived anti-inflammatory mediators produced from EPA, DPA and DHA. Lastly, the relative protective effects of EPA, DPA and DHA in normal brain aging and the most common neurodegenerative disorders are discussed. With a greater understanding of the individual roles of EPA, DPA and DHA in brain health and repair it is hoped that appropriate dietary recommendations can be established and therapeutic interventions can be more targeted and refined.
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Affiliation(s)
- Simon C Dyall
- Faculty of Health and Social Sciences, Bournemouth University Bournemouth, UK
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Shioda N, Yabuki Y, Kobayashi Y, Onozato M, Owada Y, Fukunaga K. FABP3 protein promotes α-synuclein oligomerization associated with 1-methyl-1,2,3,6-tetrahydropiridine-induced neurotoxicity. J Biol Chem 2014; 289:18957-65. [PMID: 24855640 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m113.527341] [Citation(s) in RCA: 58] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
α-Synuclein (αSyn) accumulation in dopaminergic (DA) neurons is partly regulated by long-chain polyunsaturated fatty acids. We found that fatty acid-binding protein 3 (FABP3, H-FABP), a factor critical for arachidonic acid (AA) transport and metabolism in brain, is highly expressed in DA neurons. Fabp3 knock-out (Fabp3(-/-)) mice were resistant to 1-methyl-1,2,3,6-tetrahydropiridine-induced DA neurodegeneration in the substantia nigra pars compacta and showed improved motor function. Interestingly, FABP3 interacted with αSyn in the substantia nigra pars compacta, and αSyn accumulation following 1-methyl-1,2,3,6-tetrahydropiridine treatment was attenuated in Fabp3(-/-) compared with wild-type mice. We confirmed that FABP3 overexpression aggravates AA-induced αSyn oligomerization and promotes cell death in PC12 cells, whereas overexpression of a mutant form of FABP3 lacking fatty-acid binding capacity did not. Taken together, αSyn oligomerization in DA neurons is likely aggravated by AA through FABP3 in Parkinson disease pathology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Norifumi Shioda
- From the Department of Pharmacology, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tohoku University, Sendai 980-8578 and
| | - Yasushi Yabuki
- From the Department of Pharmacology, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tohoku University, Sendai 980-8578 and
| | - Yuka Kobayashi
- From the Department of Pharmacology, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tohoku University, Sendai 980-8578 and
| | - Misaki Onozato
- From the Department of Pharmacology, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tohoku University, Sendai 980-8578 and
| | - Yuji Owada
- the Department of Organ Anatomy, Graduate School of Medicine, Yamaguchi University, Ube 755-8505, Japan
| | - Kohji Fukunaga
- From the Department of Pharmacology, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tohoku University, Sendai 980-8578 and
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Wang Y, Zhang QJ, Wang HS, Wang T, Liu J. Genome-wide microarray analysis identifies a potential role for striatal retrograde endocannabinoid signaling in the pathogenesis of experimentall-DOPA-induced dyskinesia. Synapse 2014; 68:332-43. [DOI: 10.1002/syn.21740] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2013] [Revised: 03/03/2014] [Accepted: 03/04/2014] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Yong Wang
- Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, School of Medicine; Xi'an Jiaotong University; Xi'an 710061 China
| | - Qiao Jun Zhang
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, The Second Hospital; Xi'an Jiaotong University; Xi'an 710004 China
| | - Hui Sheng Wang
- Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, School of Medicine; Xi'an Jiaotong University; Xi'an 710061 China
| | - Tao Wang
- Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, School of Medicine; Xi'an Jiaotong University; Xi'an 710061 China
| | - Jian Liu
- Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, School of Medicine; Xi'an Jiaotong University; Xi'an 710061 China
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Jindal V. Glaucoma: An Extension of Various Chronic Neurodegenerative Disorders. Mol Neurobiol 2013; 48:186-9. [DOI: 10.1007/s12035-013-8416-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2012] [Accepted: 01/29/2013] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
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Huot P, Johnston TH, Koprich JB, Fox SH, Brotchie JM. The Pharmacology of l-DOPA-Induced Dyskinesia in Parkinson’s Disease. Pharmacol Rev 2013; 65:171-222. [DOI: 10.1124/pr.111.005678] [Citation(s) in RCA: 233] [Impact Index Per Article: 21.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
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50
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Rachetti ALF, Arida RM, Patti CL, Zanin KA, Fernades-Santos L, Frussa-Filho R, Gomes da Silva S, Scorza FA, Cysneiros RM. Fish oil supplementation and physical exercise program: distinct effects on different memory tasks. Behav Brain Res 2012; 237:283-9. [PMID: 23041182 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbr.2012.09.048] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2012] [Revised: 09/22/2012] [Accepted: 09/27/2012] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Abstract
Both fish oil supplementation and physical exercise are able to induce benefits to mental health by providing an improvement in cognitive performance and enhancing neuroplasticity and protection against neurological lesions. The aim of the present study was to investigate the cognitive effects in rats of the: (1) a diary and prolonged fish oil supplementation (85 mg/kg/day) initiated from prenatal period to the midlife (300 day/old); (2) moderate physical exercise in treadmill initiated from adolescent period to midlife and (3) association of fish oil supplementation and moderate physical exercise protocol during the same period. Animals were submitted to the habituation in the open-field, object recognition and to the plus-maze discriminative avoidance tasks. Our results demonstrated that a diary and prolonged fish oil supplementation can facilitate the persistence of the long-term habituation and recognition memories without, however, affecting the discriminative avoidance memory. Conversely, although the program of physical exercise exerted no effects on habituation or objects recognition, it was able to potentiate the persistence of the discriminative avoidance memory. Such promnestic effects (induced by both fish oil supplementation and physical exercise) were not accompanied by alterations in emotionality or locomotor activity. Our findings suggest that fish oil supplementation, initiated from prenatal period to midlife, and physical exercise program applied throughout the life induced distinctly a better cognitive performance.
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Affiliation(s)
- A L F Rachetti
- Departamento de Fisiologia, Universidade Federal de São Paulo, R. Botucatu, 862, Ed. Ciências Biomédicas, 5° andar, 04023900 São Paulo, SP, Brazil
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