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Shatursky OY, Krisanova NV, Pozdnyakova N, Pastukhov AO, Dudarenko M, Kalynovska L, Shkrabak AA, Veklich TO, Selikhova AI, Cherenok SO, Borisova TA, Kalchenko VI, Kosterin SO. Substitution of bridge carbons for sulphur in calix[4]arene-bis-α-hydroxymethylphosphonic acid transformed mobile carrier into ionic channel accompanied with evoked muscle contraction and impaired neurotransmission powered by membrane action of resulting thiocalix[4]arene-bis-α-hydroxymethylphosphonic acid. Toxicol In Vitro 2024; 98:105815. [PMID: 38636607 DOI: 10.1016/j.tiv.2024.105815] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2023] [Revised: 04/02/2024] [Accepted: 04/08/2024] [Indexed: 04/20/2024]
Abstract
The action of calix[4]arenes C-424, C-425 and C-1193 has been investigated on suspended cholesterol/egg phosphatidylcholine lipid bilayer in a voltage-clamp mode. Comparative analysis with the membrane action by calix[4]arene-bis-α-hydroxymethylphosphonic acid (C-99) has shown that the substitution of bridge carbons for sulphur and addition of another methyl group to two alkyl tales in the lower rim of former dipropoxycalix[4]arene C-99 transformed mobile carrier that C-99 created in lipid bilayer (Shatursky et al., 2014) into a transmembrane pore as exposure of the bilayer membrane to sulphur-containing derivative dibutoxythiocalix[4]arene C-1193 resulted in microscopic transmembrane current patterns indicative of a channel-like mode of facilitated diffusion. Within all calix[4]arenes tested a net steady-state voltage-dependent transmembrane current was readily achieved only after addition of calix[4]-arene C-1193. In comparison with the membrane action of C-99 the current induced by calix[4]-arene C-1193 exhibited a much weakened anion selectivity passing slightly more current at positive potentials applied from the side of bilayer membrane to which the calix[4]-arene was added. Testing C-1193 for the membrane action against smooth muscle cells of rat uterus or swine myometrium and synaptosomes of rat brain nerve terminals revealed an increase in intracellular concentration of Ca2+ with reduction of the effective hydrodynamic diameter of the smooth muscle cells and enhanced basal extracellular level of neurotransmitters (glutamate and γ-aminobutyric acid) after C-1193-induced depolarization of the nerve terminals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Oleg Ya Shatursky
- Department of Neurochemistry, Palladin Institute of Biochemistry, NAS of Ukraine, Leontovich Str., 9, Kyiv 01030, Ukraine.
| | - Natalia V Krisanova
- Department of Neurochemistry, Palladin Institute of Biochemistry, NAS of Ukraine, Leontovich Str., 9, Kyiv 01030, Ukraine
| | - Natalia Pozdnyakova
- Department of Neurochemistry, Palladin Institute of Biochemistry, NAS of Ukraine, Leontovich Str., 9, Kyiv 01030, Ukraine
| | - Artem O Pastukhov
- Department of Neurochemistry, Palladin Institute of Biochemistry, NAS of Ukraine, Leontovich Str., 9, Kyiv 01030, Ukraine
| | - Marina Dudarenko
- Department of Neurochemistry, Palladin Institute of Biochemistry, NAS of Ukraine, Leontovich Str., 9, Kyiv 01030, Ukraine
| | - Lilia Kalynovska
- Department of Neurochemistry, Palladin Institute of Biochemistry, NAS of Ukraine, Leontovich Str., 9, Kyiv 01030, Ukraine
| | - Alexander A Shkrabak
- Department of Muscle Biochemistry, Palladin Institute of Biochemistry, NAS of Ukraine, Leontovich Str., 9, Kyiv 01030, Ukraine
| | - Tatiana O Veklich
- Department of Muscle Biochemistry, Palladin Institute of Biochemistry, NAS of Ukraine, Leontovich Str., 9, Kyiv 01030, Ukraine
| | - Anna I Selikhova
- Institute of Organic Chemistry, NAS of Ukraine, Murmanska Str., 5, Kyiv 02660, Ukraine
| | - Serhii O Cherenok
- Institute of Organic Chemistry, NAS of Ukraine, Murmanska Str., 5, Kyiv 02660, Ukraine
| | - Tatiana A Borisova
- Department of Neurochemistry, Palladin Institute of Biochemistry, NAS of Ukraine, Leontovich Str., 9, Kyiv 01030, Ukraine
| | - Vitaly I Kalchenko
- Institute of Organic Chemistry, NAS of Ukraine, Murmanska Str., 5, Kyiv 02660, Ukraine
| | - Sergyi O Kosterin
- Department of Muscle Biochemistry, Palladin Institute of Biochemistry, NAS of Ukraine, Leontovich Str., 9, Kyiv 01030, Ukraine
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Pozdnyakova N, Krisanova N, Pastukhov A, Dudarenko M, Tarasenko A, Borysov A, Kalynovska L, Paliienko K, Borisova T. Multipollutant reciprocal neurological hazard from smoke particulate matter and heavy metals cadmium and lead in brain nerve terminals. Food Chem Toxicol 2024; 185:114449. [PMID: 38215962 DOI: 10.1016/j.fct.2024.114449] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2023] [Revised: 01/08/2024] [Accepted: 01/09/2024] [Indexed: 01/14/2024]
Abstract
Heavy metals, Cd2+ and Pb2+, and carbonaceous air pollution particulate matter are hazardous neurotoxicants. Here, a capability of water-suspended smoke particulate matter preparations obtained from poplar wood (WPs) and polypropylene fibers (medical facemasks) (MPs) to influence Cd2+/Pb2+-induced neurotoxicity, and vice versa, was monitored using biological system, i.e. isolated presynaptic rat cortex nerve terminals. Combined application of Pb2+ and WPs/MPs to nerve terminals in an acute manner revealed that smoke preparations did not change a Pb2+-induced increase in the extracellular levels of excitatory neurotransmitter L-[14C]glutamate and inhibitory one [3H]GABA, thereby demonstrating additive result and no interference of neurotoxic effects of Pb2+ and particulate matter. Whereas, both smoke preparations decreased a Cd2+-induced increase in the extracellular level of L-[14C]glutamate and [3H]GABA in nerve terminals. In fluorimetric measurements, the metals and smoke preparations demonstrated additive effects on the membrane potential of nerve terminals causing membrane depolarisation. WPs/MPs-induced reduction of spontaneous ROS generation was mitigated by Cd2+ and Pb2+. Therefore, a potential variety of multipollutant heavy metal-/airborne particulate-induced effects on key presynaptic processes was revealed. Multipollutant reciprocal neurological hazard through disturbance of the excitation-inhibition balance, membrane potential and ROS generation was evidenced. This multipollutant approach and data contribute to up-to-date environmental quality/health risk estimation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Natalia Pozdnyakova
- The Department of Neurochemistry, The Palladin Institute of Biochemistry, The National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, 9 Leontovicha st, Kyiv, 01054, Ukraine
| | - Nataliya Krisanova
- The Department of Neurochemistry, The Palladin Institute of Biochemistry, The National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, 9 Leontovicha st, Kyiv, 01054, Ukraine
| | - Artem Pastukhov
- The Department of Neurochemistry, The Palladin Institute of Biochemistry, The National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, 9 Leontovicha st, Kyiv, 01054, Ukraine.
| | - Marina Dudarenko
- The Department of Neurochemistry, The Palladin Institute of Biochemistry, The National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, 9 Leontovicha st, Kyiv, 01054, Ukraine
| | - Alla Tarasenko
- The Department of Neurochemistry, The Palladin Institute of Biochemistry, The National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, 9 Leontovicha st, Kyiv, 01054, Ukraine
| | - Arsenii Borysov
- The Department of Neurochemistry, The Palladin Institute of Biochemistry, The National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, 9 Leontovicha st, Kyiv, 01054, Ukraine
| | - Liliia Kalynovska
- The Department of Neurochemistry, The Palladin Institute of Biochemistry, The National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, 9 Leontovicha st, Kyiv, 01054, Ukraine
| | - Konstantin Paliienko
- The Department of Neurochemistry, The Palladin Institute of Biochemistry, The National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, 9 Leontovicha st, Kyiv, 01054, Ukraine
| | - Tatiana Borisova
- The Department of Neurochemistry, The Palladin Institute of Biochemistry, The National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, 9 Leontovicha st, Kyiv, 01054, Ukraine
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Krisanova N, Pastukhov A, Dekaliuk M, Dudarenko M, Pozdnyakova N, Driuk M, Borisova T. Mercury-induced excitotoxicity in presynaptic brain nerve terminals: modulatory effects of carbonaceous airborne particulate simulants. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2024; 31:3512-3525. [PMID: 38085481 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-023-31359-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2023] [Accepted: 11/30/2023] [Indexed: 01/19/2024]
Abstract
Multipollutant approach is a breakthrough in up-to-date environmental quality and health risk estimation. Both mercury and carbonaceous air particulate are hazardous neurotoxicants. Here, the ability of carbonaceous air particulate simulants, i.e. carbon dots obtained by heating of organics, and nanodiamonds, to influence Hg2+-induced neurotoxicity was monitored using biological system, i.e. presynaptic rat cortex nerve terminals. Using HgCl2 and classical reducing/chelating agents, an adequate synaptic parameter, i.e. the extracellular level of key excitatory neurotransmitter L-[14C]glutamate, was selected for further analysis. HgCl2 starting from 5 µM caused an acute and concentration-dependent increase in the extracellular L-[14C]glutamate level in nerve terminals. Combined application of Hg2+ and carbon dots from heating of citric acid/urea showed that this simulant was able to mitigate in an acute manner excitotoxic Hg2+-induced increase in the extracellular L-[14C]glutamate level in nerve terminals by 37%. These carbon dots and Hg2+ acted as a complex in nerve terminals that was confirmed with fluorimetric data on Hg2+-induced changes in their spectroscopic features. Nanodiamonds and carbon dots from β-alanine were not able to mitigate a Hg2+-induced increase in the extracellular L-[14C]glutamate level in nerve terminals. Developed approach can be applicable for monitoring capability of different particles/compounds to have Hg2+-chelating signs in the biological systems. Therefore, among testing simulants, the only carbon dots from citric acid/urea were able to mitigate acute Hg2+-induced neurotoxicity in nerve terminals, thereby showing a variety of effects of carbonaceous airborne particulate in situ and its potential to interfere and modulate Hg2+-associated health hazard.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nataliya Krisanova
- The Department of Neurochemistry, The Palladin Institute of Biochemistry, The National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, 9 Leontovicha Street, Kiev, 01054, Ukraine
| | - Artem Pastukhov
- The Department of Neurochemistry, The Palladin Institute of Biochemistry, The National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, 9 Leontovicha Street, Kiev, 01054, Ukraine
| | - Mariia Dekaliuk
- The Department of Neurochemistry, The Palladin Institute of Biochemistry, The National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, 9 Leontovicha Street, Kiev, 01054, Ukraine
| | - Marina Dudarenko
- The Department of Neurochemistry, The Palladin Institute of Biochemistry, The National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, 9 Leontovicha Street, Kiev, 01054, Ukraine
| | - Natalia Pozdnyakova
- The Department of Neurochemistry, The Palladin Institute of Biochemistry, The National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, 9 Leontovicha Street, Kiev, 01054, Ukraine
| | - Mikola Driuk
- The Department of Neurochemistry, The Palladin Institute of Biochemistry, The National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, 9 Leontovicha Street, Kiev, 01054, Ukraine
| | - Tatiana Borisova
- The Department of Neurochemistry, The Palladin Institute of Biochemistry, The National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, 9 Leontovicha Street, Kiev, 01054, Ukraine.
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Pastukhov A, Paliienko K, Pozdnyakova N, Krisanova N, Dudarenko M, Kalynovska L, Tarasenko A, Gnatyuk O, Dovbeshko G, Borisova T. Disposable facemask waste combustion emits neuroactive smoke particulate matter. Sci Rep 2023; 13:17771. [PMID: 37853141 PMCID: PMC10584905 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-44972-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2023] [Accepted: 10/13/2023] [Indexed: 10/20/2023] Open
Abstract
Tremendous deposits of disposable medical facemask waste after the COVID-19 pandemic require improvement of waste management practice according to WHO report 2022, moreover facemasks are still in use around the world to protect against numerous airborne infections. Here, water-suspended smoke preparations from the combustion of disposable medical facemasks (polypropylene fibers) were collected; size, zeta potential, surface groups of smoke particulate matter were determined by dynamic light scattering, FTIR and Raman spectroscopy, and their optical properties were characterized. Neurochemical study using nerve terminals isolated from rat cortex revealed a significant decrease in the initial rate of the uptake/accumulation of excitatory and inhibitory neurotransmitters, L-[14C]glutamate and [3H]GABA, and exocytotic release, and also an increase in the extracellular level of these neurotransmitters. Fluorescent measurements revealed that ROS generation induced by hydrogen peroxide and glutamate receptor agonist kainate decreased in nerve terminals. A decrease in the membrane potential of nerve terminals and isolated neurons, the mitochondrial potential and synaptic vesicle acidification was also shown. Therefore, accidental or intentional utilization of disposable medical facemask waste by combustion results in the release of neuroactive ultrafine particulate matter to the environment, thereby contributing to plastic-associated pollution of air and water resources and neuropathology development and expansion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Artem Pastukhov
- Palladin Institute of Biochemistry, National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, 9 Leontovicha Str, Kyiv, 01054, Ukraine
| | - Konstantin Paliienko
- Palladin Institute of Biochemistry, National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, 9 Leontovicha Str, Kyiv, 01054, Ukraine.
| | - Natalia Pozdnyakova
- Palladin Institute of Biochemistry, National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, 9 Leontovicha Str, Kyiv, 01054, Ukraine
| | - Natalia Krisanova
- Palladin Institute of Biochemistry, National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, 9 Leontovicha Str, Kyiv, 01054, Ukraine
| | - Marina Dudarenko
- Palladin Institute of Biochemistry, National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, 9 Leontovicha Str, Kyiv, 01054, Ukraine
| | - Lilia Kalynovska
- Palladin Institute of Biochemistry, National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, 9 Leontovicha Str, Kyiv, 01054, Ukraine
| | - Alla Tarasenko
- Palladin Institute of Biochemistry, National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, 9 Leontovicha Str, Kyiv, 01054, Ukraine
| | - Olena Gnatyuk
- Institute of Physics, National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, Prospect Nauky 46, Kyiv, 03028, Ukraine
| | - Galina Dovbeshko
- Institute of Physics, National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, Prospect Nauky 46, Kyiv, 03028, Ukraine
| | - Tatiana Borisova
- Palladin Institute of Biochemistry, National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, 9 Leontovicha Str, Kyiv, 01054, Ukraine
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Kuznietsova H, Dziubenko N, Paliienko K, Pozdnyakova N, Krisanova N, Pastukhov A, Lysenko T, Dudarenko M, Skryshevsky V, Lysenko V, Borisova T. A comparative multi-level toxicity assessment of carbon-based Gd-free dots and Gd-doped nanohybrids from coffee waste: hematology, biochemistry, histopathology and neurobiology study. Sci Rep 2023; 13:9306. [PMID: 37291245 PMCID: PMC10250545 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-36496-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2023] [Accepted: 06/05/2023] [Indexed: 06/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Here, a comparative toxicity assessment of precursor carbon dots from coffee waste (cofCDs) obtained using green chemistry principles and Gd-doped nanohybrids (cofNHs) was performed using hematological, biochemical, histopathological assays in vivo (CD1 mice, intraperitoneal administration, 14 days), and neurochemical approach in vitro (rat cortex nerve terminals, synaptosomes). Serum biochemistry data revealed similar changes in cofCDs and cofNHs-treated groups, i.e. no changes in liver enzymes' activities and creatinine, but decreased urea and total protein values. Hematology data demonstrated increased lymphocytes and concomitantly decreased granulocytes in both groups, which could evidence inflammatory processes in the organism and was confirmed by liver histopathology; decreased red blood cell-associated parameters and platelet count, and increased mean platelet volume, which might indicate concerns with platelet maturation and was confirmed by spleen histopathology. So, relative safety of both cofCDs and cofNHs for kidney, liver and spleen was shown, whereas there were concerns about platelet maturation and erythropoiesis. In acute neurotoxicity study, cofCDs and cofNHs (0.01 mg/ml) did not affect the extracellular level of L-[14C]glutamate and [3H]GABA in nerve terminal preparations. Therefore, cofNHs demonstrated minimal changes in serum biochemistry and hematology assays, had no acute neurotoxicity signs, and can be considered as perspective biocompatible non-toxic theragnostic agent.
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Affiliation(s)
- Halyna Kuznietsova
- Corporation Science Park, Taras Shevchenko University of Kyiv, 60 Volodymyrska Str., Kyiv, 01033, Ukraine
- Institute of High Technologies, Taras Shevchenko National University of Kyiv, Volodymyrska Street, 64, Kyiv, 01601, Ukraine
| | - Natalia Dziubenko
- Corporation Science Park, Taras Shevchenko University of Kyiv, 60 Volodymyrska Str., Kyiv, 01033, Ukraine
- Institute of High Technologies, Taras Shevchenko National University of Kyiv, Volodymyrska Street, 64, Kyiv, 01601, Ukraine
| | - Konstantin Paliienko
- Corporation Science Park, Taras Shevchenko University of Kyiv, 60 Volodymyrska Str., Kyiv, 01033, Ukraine.
- Palladin Institute of Biochemistry National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, 9 Leontovicha Street, Kyiv, 01054, Ukraine.
| | - Natalia Pozdnyakova
- Palladin Institute of Biochemistry National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, 9 Leontovicha Street, Kyiv, 01054, Ukraine
| | - Natalia Krisanova
- Palladin Institute of Biochemistry National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, 9 Leontovicha Street, Kyiv, 01054, Ukraine
| | - Artem Pastukhov
- Palladin Institute of Biochemistry National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, 9 Leontovicha Street, Kyiv, 01054, Ukraine
| | - Tetiana Lysenko
- Corporation Science Park, Taras Shevchenko University of Kyiv, 60 Volodymyrska Str., Kyiv, 01033, Ukraine
- Palladin Institute of Biochemistry National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, 9 Leontovicha Street, Kyiv, 01054, Ukraine
| | - Marina Dudarenko
- Palladin Institute of Biochemistry National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, 9 Leontovicha Street, Kyiv, 01054, Ukraine
| | - Valeriy Skryshevsky
- Corporation Science Park, Taras Shevchenko University of Kyiv, 60 Volodymyrska Str., Kyiv, 01033, Ukraine
- Institute of High Technologies, Taras Shevchenko National University of Kyiv, Volodymyrska Street, 64, Kyiv, 01601, Ukraine
| | - Vladimir Lysenko
- Light Matter Institute, UMR-5306, Claude Bernard University of Lyon/CNRS, Université de Lyon, 69622, Villeurbanne Cedex, France
| | - Tatiana Borisova
- Corporation Science Park, Taras Shevchenko University of Kyiv, 60 Volodymyrska Str., Kyiv, 01033, Ukraine
- Palladin Institute of Biochemistry National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, 9 Leontovicha Street, Kyiv, 01054, Ukraine
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Pozdnyakova N. Consequences of perinatal hypoxia in developing brain: Changes in GABA transporter functioning in cortical, hippocampal and thalamic rat nerve terminals. Int J Dev Neurosci 2017; 63:1-7. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijdevneu.2017.09.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2017] [Revised: 06/26/2017] [Accepted: 09/05/2017] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Natalia Pozdnyakova
- Department of NeurochemistryPalladin Institute of Biochemistry, National Academy of Sciences of UkraineLeontovicha Str. 9Kiev01030Ukraine
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Horák D, Beneš M, Procházková Z, Trchová M, Borysov A, Pastukhov A, Paliienko K, Borisova T. Effect of O-methyl-β-cyclodextrin-modified magnetic nanoparticles on the uptake and extracellular level of l-glutamate in brain nerve terminals. Colloids Surf B Biointerfaces 2017; 149:64-71. [DOI: 10.1016/j.colsurfb.2016.10.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2016] [Revised: 09/20/2016] [Accepted: 10/04/2016] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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Borisova T, Pozdnyakova N, Shaitanova E, Gerus I, Dudarenko M, Haufe G, Kukhar V. Effects of new fluorinated analogues of GABA, pregabalin bioisosters, on the ambient level and exocytotic release of [ 3H]GABA from rat brain nerve terminals. Bioorg Med Chem 2016; 25:759-764. [PMID: 27956036 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmc.2016.11.052] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2016] [Revised: 11/25/2016] [Accepted: 11/27/2016] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
Recently, we have shown that new fluorinated analogues of γ-aminobutyric acid (GABA), bioisosters of pregabalin (β-i-Bu-GABA), i.e. β-polyfluoroalkyl-GABAs (FGABAs), with substituents: β-CF3-β-OH (1), β-CF3 (2); β-CF2CF2H (3), are able to increase the initial rate of [3H]GABA uptake by isolated rat brain nerve terminals (synaptosomes), and this effect is higher than that of pregabalin. So, synthesized FGABAs are structural but not functional analogues of GABA. Herein, we assessed the effects of synthesized FGABAs (100μM) on the ambient level and exocytotic release of [3H]GABA in nerve terminals and compared with those of pregabalin (100μM). It was shown that FGABAs 1-3 did not influence the ambient level of [3H]GABA in the synaptosomal preparations, and this parameter was also not altered by pregabalin. During blockage of GABA transporters GAT1 by specific inhibitor NO-711, FGABAs and pregabalin also did not change ambient [3H]GABA in synaptosomal preparations. Exocytotic release of [3H]GABA from synaptosomes decreased in the presence of FGABAs 1-3 and pregabalin, and the effects of FGABAs 1 &3 were more significant than those of FGABAs 2 and pregabalin. FGABAs 1-3/pregabalin-induced decrease in exocytotic release of [3H]GABA from synaptosomes was not a result of changes in the potential of the plasma membrane. Therefore, new synthesized FGABAs 1 &3 were able to decrease exocytotic release of [3H]GABA from nerve terminals more effectively in comparison to pregabalin. Absence of unspecific side effects of FGABAs 1 &3 on the membrane potential makes these compounds perspective for medical application.
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Affiliation(s)
- T Borisova
- The Department of Neurochemistry, Palladin Institute of Biochemistry, NAS of Ukraine, 9 Leontovicha Street, Kiev 01601, Ukraine.
| | - N Pozdnyakova
- The Department of Neurochemistry, Palladin Institute of Biochemistry, NAS of Ukraine, 9 Leontovicha Street, Kiev 01601, Ukraine.
| | - E Shaitanova
- The Department of Fine Organic Synthesis, Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry and Petrochemistry NAS of Ukraine, Murmanskaya Street. 1, Kiev 02094, Ukraine.
| | - I Gerus
- The Department of Fine Organic Synthesis, Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry and Petrochemistry NAS of Ukraine, Murmanskaya Street. 1, Kiev 02094, Ukraine.
| | - M Dudarenko
- The Department of Neurochemistry, Palladin Institute of Biochemistry, NAS of Ukraine, 9 Leontovicha Street, Kiev 01601, Ukraine.
| | - G Haufe
- Organic Chemistry Institute, Corrensstr. 40, D-48149 Münster, Germany.
| | - V Kukhar
- The Department of Fine Organic Synthesis, Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry and Petrochemistry NAS of Ukraine, Murmanskaya Street. 1, Kiev 02094, Ukraine.
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Borisova T, Borysov A, Pastukhov A, Krisanova N. Dynamic Gradient of Glutamate Across the Membrane: Glutamate/Aspartate-Induced Changes in the Ambient Level of l-[14C]glutamate and d-[3H]aspartate in Rat Brain Nerve Terminals. Cell Mol Neurobiol 2016; 36:1229-1240. [DOI: 10.1007/s10571-015-0321-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2015] [Accepted: 12/21/2015] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
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Pozdnyakova N, Dudarenko M, Borisova T. New effects of GABAB receptor allosteric modulator rac-BHFF on ambient GABA, uptake/release, Em and synaptic vesicle acidification in nerve terminals. Neuroscience 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroscience.2015.07.037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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11
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Borisova T, Pozdnyakova N, Shaitanova E, Gerus I, Dudarenko M, Mironets R, Haufe G, Kukhar V. Synthesis of new fluorinated analogs of GABA, Pregabalin bioisosteres, and their effects on [(3)H]GABA uptake by rat brain nerve terminals. Bioorg Med Chem 2015; 23:4316-4323. [PMID: 26138193 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmc.2015.06.038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2015] [Revised: 06/08/2015] [Accepted: 06/11/2015] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
Fluorinated analogs of natural substances take an essential place in the design of new biologically active compounds. New fluorinated analogs of γ-aminobutyric acid, that is, β-polyfluoroalkyl-GABAs (FGABAs), were synthesized with substituents: β-CF3-β-OH (1), β-CF3 (2); β-CF2CF2H (3). FGABAs are bioisosteres of Pregabalin (Lyrica®, Pfizer's blockbuster drug, β-i-Bu-GABA), and have lipophilicity close to this medicine. The effects of synthesized FGABAs on [(3)H]GABA uptake by isolated rat brain nerve terminals (synaptosomes) were assessed and compared with those of Pregabalin. FGABAs 1-3 (100μM) did not influence the initial velocity of [(3)H]GABA uptake when applied acutely, whereas an increase in this parameter was found after preliminary incubation of FGABAs with synaptosomes. Pregabalin after preliminary incubation with synaptosomes caused unidirectional changes in the initial velocity of [(3)H]GABA uptake. Using specific inhibitors of GAT1 and GAT3, NO-711 and SNAP5114, respectively, the ability of FGABAs 1-3 to influence non-GAT1 and non-GAT3 uptake activity of nerve terminals was analyzed, but no specificity was found. Therefore, new synthesized FGABAs are structural but not functional analogs of GABA (because they did not inhibit synaptosomal [(3)H]GABA uptake). Moreover, FGABAs are able to increase the initial velocity of [(3)H]GABA uptake by synaptosomes, and this effect is higher than that of Pregabalin.
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Affiliation(s)
- T Borisova
- The Department of Neurochemistry, Palladin Institute of Biochemistry, NAS of Ukraine, 9 Leontovicha Street, Kiev 01601, Ukraine.
| | - N Pozdnyakova
- The Department of Neurochemistry, Palladin Institute of Biochemistry, NAS of Ukraine, 9 Leontovicha Street, Kiev 01601, Ukraine
| | - E Shaitanova
- The Department of Fine Organic Synthesis, Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry and Petrochemistry, NAS of Ukraine, Murmanskaya Str. 1, Kiev 02094, Ukraine
| | - I Gerus
- The Department of Fine Organic Synthesis, Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry and Petrochemistry, NAS of Ukraine, Murmanskaya Str. 1, Kiev 02094, Ukraine
| | - M Dudarenko
- The Department of Neurochemistry, Palladin Institute of Biochemistry, NAS of Ukraine, 9 Leontovicha Street, Kiev 01601, Ukraine
| | - R Mironets
- The Department of Fine Organic Synthesis, Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry and Petrochemistry, NAS of Ukraine, Murmanskaya Str. 1, Kiev 02094, Ukraine
| | - G Haufe
- Organic Chemistry Institute, Corrensstr. 40, D-48149 Münster, Germany
| | - V Kukhar
- The Department of Fine Organic Synthesis, Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry and Petrochemistry, NAS of Ukraine, Murmanskaya Str. 1, Kiev 02094, Ukraine
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Borisova T, Nazarova A, Dekaliuk M, Krisanova N, Pozdnyakova N, Borysov A, Sivko R, Demchenko AP. Neuromodulatory properties of fluorescent carbon dots: Effect on exocytotic release, uptake and ambient level of glutamate and GABA in brain nerve terminals. Int J Biochem Cell Biol 2015; 59:203-15. [DOI: 10.1016/j.biocel.2014.11.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2014] [Revised: 11/12/2014] [Accepted: 11/28/2014] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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Soldatkin O, Nazarova A, Krisanova N, Borуsov A, Kucherenko D, Kucherenko I, Pozdnyakova N, Soldatkin A, Borisova T. Monitoring of the velocity of high-affinity glutamate uptake by isolated brain nerve terminals using amperometric glutamate biosensor. Talanta 2014; 135:67-74. [PMID: 25640127 DOI: 10.1016/j.talanta.2014.12.031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2014] [Revised: 12/17/2014] [Accepted: 12/21/2014] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Abstract
Glutamate is the major excitatory neurotransmitter in the central nervous system, which is involved in the main aspects of normal brain functioning. High-affinity Na(+)-dependent glutamate transporters is key proteins, which transport extracellular glutamate to the cytoplasm of nerve cells, thereby preventing continuous activation of glutamate receptors, and thus the development of neurotoxicity. Disturbance in glutamate uptake is involved in the pathogenesis of major neurological disorders. Amperometric biosensors are the most promising and successful among electrochemical biosensors. In this study, we developed (1) amperometric glutamate biosensor, (2) methodological approach for the analysis of glutamate uptake in liquid samples of isolated rat brain nerve terminals (synaptosomes). The basal level of glutamate, the initial velocity of glutamate uptake and time-dependent accumulation of glutamate by synaptosomes were determined using developed glutamate biosensor. Comparative analysis of the data with those obtained by radioactive analysis, spectrofluorimetry and ion exchange chromatography was performed. Therefore, the methodological approach for monitoring of the velocity of glutamate uptake, which takes into consideration the definite level of endogenous glutamate in nerve terminals, was developed using glutamate biosensor.
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Affiliation(s)
- O Soldatkin
- Laboratory of Biomolecular Electronics, Department of Translation Mechanisms of Genetic Information, Institute of Molecular Biology and Genetics, NAS of Ukraine, 150 Zabolotnogo Str., Kyiv 03680, Ukraine.
| | - A Nazarova
- The Department of Neurochemistry, Palladin Institute of Biochemistry, NAS of Ukraine, 9 Leontovicha Street, Kyiv 01601, Ukraine
| | - N Krisanova
- The Department of Neurochemistry, Palladin Institute of Biochemistry, NAS of Ukraine, 9 Leontovicha Street, Kyiv 01601, Ukraine
| | - A Borуsov
- The Department of Neurochemistry, Palladin Institute of Biochemistry, NAS of Ukraine, 9 Leontovicha Street, Kyiv 01601, Ukraine
| | - D Kucherenko
- Institute of High Technologies, Taras Shevchenko National University of Kyiv, 64, Volodymyrska Str., Kyiv 01003, Ukraine
| | - I Kucherenko
- Laboratory of Biomolecular Electronics, Department of Translation Mechanisms of Genetic Information, Institute of Molecular Biology and Genetics, NAS of Ukraine, 150 Zabolotnogo Str., Kyiv 03680, Ukraine
| | - N Pozdnyakova
- The Department of Neurochemistry, Palladin Institute of Biochemistry, NAS of Ukraine, 9 Leontovicha Street, Kyiv 01601, Ukraine
| | - A Soldatkin
- Laboratory of Biomolecular Electronics, Department of Translation Mechanisms of Genetic Information, Institute of Molecular Biology and Genetics, NAS of Ukraine, 150 Zabolotnogo Str., Kyiv 03680, Ukraine; Institute of High Technologies, Taras Shevchenko National University of Kyiv, 64, Volodymyrska Str., Kyiv 01003, Ukraine
| | - T Borisova
- The Department of Neurochemistry, Palladin Institute of Biochemistry, NAS of Ukraine, 9 Leontovicha Street, Kyiv 01601, Ukraine
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Borisova T, Krisanova N, Borуsov A, Sivko R, Ostapchenko L, Babic M, Horak D. Manipulation of isolated brain nerve terminals by an external magnetic field using D-mannose-coated γ-Fe2O3 nano-sized particles and assessment of their effects on glutamate transport. BEILSTEIN JOURNAL OF NANOTECHNOLOGY 2014; 5:778-88. [PMID: 24991515 PMCID: PMC4077395 DOI: 10.3762/bjnano.5.90] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2014] [Accepted: 05/12/2014] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
The manipulation of brain nerve terminals by an external magnetic field promises breakthroughs in nano-neurotechnology. D-Mannose-coated superparamagnetic nanoparticles were synthesized by coprecipitation of Fe(II) and Fe(III) salts followed by oxidation with sodium hypochlorite and addition of D-mannose. Effects of D-mannose-coated superparamagnetic maghemite (γ-Fe2O3) nanoparticles on key characteristics of the glutamatergic neurotransmission were analysed. Using radiolabeled L-[(14)C]glutamate, it was shown that D-mannose-coated γ-Fe2O3 nanoparticles did not affect high-affinity Na(+)-dependent uptake, tonic release and the extracellular level of L-[(14)C]glutamate in isolated rat brain nerve terminals (synaptosomes). Also, the membrane potential of synaptosomes and acidification of synaptic vesicles was not changed as a result of the application of D-mannose-coated γ-Fe2O3 nanoparticles. This was demonstrated with the potential-sensitive fluorescent dye rhodamine 6G and the pH-sensitive dye acridine orange. The study also focused on the analysis of the potential use of these nanoparticles for manipulation of nerve terminals by an external magnetic field. It was shown that more than 84.3 ± 5.0% of L-[(14)C]glutamate-loaded synaptosomes (1 mg of protein/mL) incubated for 5 min with D-mannose-coated γ-Fe2O3 nanoparticles (250 µg/mL) moved to an area, in which the magnet (250 mT, gradient 5.5 Т/m) was applied compared to 33.5 ± 3.0% of the control and 48.6 ± 3.0% of samples that were treated with uncoated nanoparticles. Therefore, isolated brain nerve terminals can be easily manipulated by an external magnetic field using D-mannose-coated γ-Fe2O3 nanoparticles, while the key characteristics of glutamatergic neurotransmission are not affected. In other words, functionally active synaptosomes labeled with D-mannose-coated γ-Fe2O3 nanoparticles were obtained.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tatiana Borisova
- The Department of Neurochemistry, Palladin Institute of Biochemistry, NAS of Ukraine, 9 Leontovicha Street, Kiev, 01601, Ukraine
| | - Natalia Krisanova
- The Department of Neurochemistry, Palladin Institute of Biochemistry, NAS of Ukraine, 9 Leontovicha Street, Kiev, 01601, Ukraine
| | - Arsenii Borуsov
- The Department of Neurochemistry, Palladin Institute of Biochemistry, NAS of Ukraine, 9 Leontovicha Street, Kiev, 01601, Ukraine
- The Biological Faculty, Taras Shevchenko National University of Kyiv, 64 Volodymyrska Str, Kiev, Ukraine
| | - Roman Sivko
- The Department of Neurochemistry, Palladin Institute of Biochemistry, NAS of Ukraine, 9 Leontovicha Street, Kiev, 01601, Ukraine
| | - Ludmila Ostapchenko
- The Biological Faculty, Taras Shevchenko National University of Kyiv, 64 Volodymyrska Str, Kiev, Ukraine
| | - Michal Babic
- The Department of Polymer Particles, Institute of Macromolecular Chemistry AS CR, Heyrovsky Sq. 2, 162 06 Prague 6, Czech Republic
| | - Daniel Horak
- The Department of Polymer Particles, Institute of Macromolecular Chemistry AS CR, Heyrovsky Sq. 2, 162 06 Prague 6, Czech Republic
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Borysov A, Krisanova N, Chunihin O, Ostapchenko L, Pozdnyakova N, Borisova T. A comparative study of neurotoxic potential of synthesized polysaccharide-coated and native ferritin-based magnetic nanoparticles. Croat Med J 2014; 55:195-205. [PMID: 24891278 PMCID: PMC4049204 DOI: 10.3325/cmj.2014.55.195] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2014] [Accepted: 05/15/2014] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
AIM To analyze the neurotoxic potential of synthesized magnetite nanoparticles coated by dextran, hydroxyethyl starch, oxidized hydroxyethyl starch, and chitosan, and magnetic nanoparticles combined with ferritin as a native protein. METHODS The size of nanoparticles was analyzed using photon correlation spectroscopy, their effects on the conductance of planar lipid membrane by planar lipid bilayer technique, membrane potential and acidification of synaptic vesicles by spectrofluorimetry, and glutamate uptake and ambient level of glutamate in isolated rat brain nerve terminals (synaptosomes) by radiolabeled assay. RESULTS Uncoated synthesized magnetite nanoparticles and nanoparticles coated by different polysaccharides had no significant effect on synaptic vesicle acidification, the initial velocity of L-[(14)C]glutamate uptake, ambient level of L-[(14)C]glutamate and the potential of the plasma membrane of synaptosomes, and conductance of planar lipid membrane. Native ferritin-based magnetic nanoparticles had no effect on the membrane potential but significantly reduced L-[(14)C]glutamate transport in synaptosomes and acidification of synaptic vesicles. CONCLUSIONS Our study indicates that synthesized magnetite nanoparticles in contrast to ferritin have no effects on the functional state and glutamate transport of nerve terminals, and so ferritin cannot be used as a prototype, analogue, or model of polysaccharide-coated magnetic nanoparticle in toxicity risk assessment and manipulation of nerve terminals by external magnetic fields. Still, the ability of ferritin to change the functional state of nerve terminals in combination with its magnetic properties suggests its biotechnological potential.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | - Tatiana Borisova
- Tatiana Borisova, Department of Neurochemistry, Palladin Institute of Biochemistry, NAS of Ukraine, 9 Leontovicha Street, Kiev, 01601, Ukraine,
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Krisanova N, Sivko R, Kasatkina L, Borуsov A, Borisova T. Excitotoxic potential of exogenous ferritin and apoferritin: Changes in ambient level of glutamate and synaptic vesicle acidification in brain nerve terminals. Mol Cell Neurosci 2014; 58:95-104. [DOI: 10.1016/j.mcn.2013.12.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2013] [Revised: 11/04/2013] [Accepted: 12/02/2013] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
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Krisanova N, Kasatkina L, Sivko R, Borysov A, Nazarova A, Slenzka K, Borisova T. Neurotoxic potential of lunar and martian dust: influence on em, proton gradient, active transport, and binding of glutamate in rat brain nerve terminals. ASTROBIOLOGY 2013; 13:679-692. [PMID: 23919751 PMCID: PMC3746286 DOI: 10.1089/ast.2012.0950] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/26/2012] [Accepted: 05/11/2013] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
The harmful effects of lunar dust (LD) on directly exposed tissues are documented in the literature, whereas researchers are only recently beginning to consider its effects on indirectly exposed tissues. During inhalation, nano-/microsized particles are efficiently deposited in nasal, tracheobronchial, and alveolar regions and transported to the central nervous system. The neurotoxic potential of LD and martian dust (MD) has not yet been assessed. Glutamate is the main excitatory neurotransmitter involved in most aspects of normal brain function, whereas disturbances in glutamate homeostasis contribute to the pathogenesis of major neurological disorders. The research was focused on the analysis of the effects of LD/MD simulants (JSC-1a/JSC, derived from volcanic ash) on the key characteristics of glutamatergic neurotransmission. The average size of LD and MD particles (even minor fractions) before and after sonication was determined by dynamic light scattering. With the use of radiolabeled l-[(14)C]glutamate, it was shown that there is an increase in l-[(14)C]glutamate binding to isolated rat brain nerve terminals (synaptosomes) in low [Na(+)] media and at low temperature in the presence of LD. MD caused significantly lesser changes under the same conditions, whereas nanoparticles of magnetite had no effect at all. Fluorimetric experiments with potential-sensitive dye rhodamine 6G and pH-sensitive dye acridine orange showed that the potential of the plasma membrane of the nerve terminals and acidification of synaptic vesicles were not altered by LD/MD (and nanoparticles of magnetite). Thus, the unique effect of LD to increase glutamate binding to the nerve terminals was shown. This can have deleterious effects on extracellular glutamate homeostasis in the central nervous system and cause alterations in the ambient level of glutamate, which is extremely important for proper synaptic transmission. During a long-term mission, a combination of constant irritation due to dust particles, inflammation, stress, low gravity and microgravity, radiation, UV, and so on may consequently change the effects of the dust and aggravate neurological consequences.
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Affiliation(s)
- Natalia Krisanova
- Department of Neurochemistry, Palladin Institute of Biochemistry, National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, Kiev, Ukraine
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Porte Y, Morel JL. Learning on Jupiter, learning on the Moon: the dark side of the G-force. Effects of gravity changes on neurovascular unit and modulation of learning and memory. Front Behav Neurosci 2012; 6:64. [PMID: 23015785 PMCID: PMC3449275 DOI: 10.3389/fnbeh.2012.00064] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2012] [Accepted: 09/06/2012] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
On earth, gravity vector conditions the development of all living beings by physically imposing an axis along which to build their organism. Thus, during their whole life, they have to fight against this force not only to maintain their architectural organization but also to coordinate the communication between organs and keep their physiology in a balanced steady-state. In space, astronauts show physiological, psychological, and cognitive deregulations, ranging from bone decalcification or decrease of musculature, to depressive-like disorders, and spatial disorientation. Nonetheless, they are confronted to a great amount of physical changes in their environment such as solar radiations, loss of light-dark cycle, lack of spatial landmarks, confinement, and obviously a dramatic decrease of gravity force. It is thus very hard to selectively discriminate the strict role of gravity level alterations on physiological, and particularly cerebral, dysfunction. To this purpose, it is important to design autonomous models and apparatuses for behavioral phenotyping utilizable under modified gravity environments. Our team actually aims at working on this area of research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yves Porte
- Université de Bordeaux Bordeaux, France ; Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique Unité Mixte de Recherche 5293, Institut des Maladies Neurodégénératives Talence, France
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Borisova T, Krisanova N, Sivko R, Kasatkina L, Borysov A, Griffin S, Wireman M. Presynaptic malfunction: the neurotoxic effects of cadmium and lead on the proton gradient of synaptic vesicles and glutamate transport. Neurochem Int 2011; 59:272-9. [PMID: 21672571 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuint.2011.05.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2010] [Revised: 05/19/2011] [Accepted: 05/26/2011] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Exposure to Cd(2+) and Pb(2+) has neurotoxic consequences for human health and may cause neurodegeneration. The study focused on the analysis of the presynaptic mechanisms underlying the neurotoxic effects of non-essential heavy metals Cd(2+) and Pb(2+). It was shown that the preincubation of rat brain nerve terminals with Cd(2+) (200 μM) or Pb(2+) (200 μM) resulted in the attenuation of synaptic vesicles acidification, which was assessed by the steady state level of the fluorescence of pH-sensitive dye acridine orange. A decrease in L-[(14)C]glutamate accumulation in digitonin-permeabilized synaptosomes after the addition of the metals, which reflected lowered L-[(14)C]glutamate accumulation by synaptic vesicles inside of synaptosomes, may be considered in the support of the above data. Using isolated rat brain synaptic vesicles, it was found that 50 μM Cd(2+) or Pb(2+) caused dissipation of their proton gradient, whereas the application of essential heavy metal Mn(2+) did not do it within the range of the concentration of 50-500 μM. Thus, synaptic malfunction associated with the influence of Cd(2+) and Pb(2+) may result from partial dissipation of the synaptic vesicle proton gradient that leads to: (1) a decrease in stimulated exocytosis, which is associated not only with the blockage of voltage-gated Ca(2+) channels, but also with incomplete filling of synaptic vesicles; (2) an attenuation of Na(+)-dependent glutamate uptake.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tatiana Borisova
- The Department of Neurochemistry, Palladin Institute of Biochemistry, NAS of Ukraine, 9 Leontovicha Street, Kiev 01601, Ukraine
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Borisova T, Krisanova N, Sivko R, Borysov A. Cholesterol depletion attenuates tonic release but increases the ambient level of glutamate in rat brain synaptosomes. Neurochem Int 2010; 56:466-78. [DOI: 10.1016/j.neuint.2009.12.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2009] [Revised: 12/07/2009] [Accepted: 12/11/2009] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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