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Chiavaroli A, Di Simone SC, Acquaviva A, Nilofar N, Libero ML, Brunetti L, Recinella L, Leone S, Orlando G, Zengin G, Di Vito M, Menghini L, Ferrante C. Neuromodulatory Effects Induced by the Association of Moringa oleifera Lam., Tribulus terrestris L., Rhodiola rosea Lam., and Undaria pinnatidifida Extracts in the Hypothalamus. Chem Biodivers 2024; 21:e202302075. [PMID: 38527165 DOI: 10.1002/cbdv.202302075] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/02/2024] [Revised: 03/23/2024] [Accepted: 03/25/2024] [Indexed: 03/27/2024]
Abstract
The present study investigated the role of a commercial formulation constituted by herbal extracts from Rhodiola rosea, Undaria pinnatifida, Tribulus terrestris, and Moringa oleifera. The formulation was analysed for determining the content in total phenols and flavonoids and scavenging/reducing properties. The formulation was also tested on isolated mouse hypothalamus in order to investigate effects on serotonin, dopamine, neuropeptide Y (NPY), and orexin A. The gene expression of gonadrotopin releasing hormone (GnRH) was also assayed. The formulation was able to reduce dopamine and serotonin turnover, and this could be related, albeit partially, to the capability of different phytochemicals, among which hyperoside and catechin to inhibit monoaminooxidases activity. In parallel, the formulation was effective in reducing the gene expression of NPY and orexin-A and to improve the gene expression of GnRH. In this context, the increased GnRH gene expression induced by the formulation may contribute not only to improve the resistance towards the stress related to ageing, but also to prevent the reduction of libido that could be related with a stimulation of the serotoninergic pathway. According to the in silico analysis, hyperoside could play a pivotal role in modulating the gene expression of GnRH. Regarding NPY and orexin A gene expression, no direct interactions between the formulation phytochemicals and these neuropeptides were anticipated; thus, suggesting that the pattern of gene expression observed following exposure of the hypothalamus to the formulation may be secondary to inhibitory effects of dopamine and serotonin turnover. Concluding, the present study demonstrated the efficacy of the formulation in exerting neuromodulatory effects at the hypothalamic level; thus, suggesting the potential to contrast stress and fatigue.
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Affiliation(s)
- Annalisa Chiavaroli
- Department of Pharmacy, Botanic Garden "Giardino dei Semplici", "G. d'Annunzio" University, via dei Vestini 31, 66100, Chieti, Italy
| | - Simonetta Cristina Di Simone
- Department of Pharmacy, Botanic Garden "Giardino dei Semplici", "G. d'Annunzio" University, via dei Vestini 31, 66100, Chieti, Italy
| | - Alessandra Acquaviva
- Department of Pharmacy, Botanic Garden "Giardino dei Semplici", "G. d'Annunzio" University, via dei Vestini 31, 66100, Chieti, Italy
| | - Nilofar Nilofar
- Department of Pharmacy, Botanic Garden "Giardino dei Semplici", "G. d'Annunzio" University, via dei Vestini 31, 66100, Chieti, Italy
| | - Maria Loreta Libero
- Department of Pharmacy, Botanic Garden "Giardino dei Semplici", "G. d'Annunzio" University, via dei Vestini 31, 66100, Chieti, Italy
| | - Luigi Brunetti
- Department of Pharmacy, Botanic Garden "Giardino dei Semplici", "G. d'Annunzio" University, via dei Vestini 31, 66100, Chieti, Italy
| | - Lucia Recinella
- Department of Pharmacy, Botanic Garden "Giardino dei Semplici", "G. d'Annunzio" University, via dei Vestini 31, 66100, Chieti, Italy
| | - Sheila Leone
- Department of Pharmacy, Botanic Garden "Giardino dei Semplici", "G. d'Annunzio" University, via dei Vestini 31, 66100, Chieti, Italy
| | - Giustino Orlando
- Department of Pharmacy, Botanic Garden "Giardino dei Semplici", "G. d'Annunzio" University, via dei Vestini 31, 66100, Chieti, Italy
| | - Gokhan Zengin
- Physiology and Biochemistry Research Laboratory, Department of Biology, Science Faculty, Selcuk University, 42130, Konya, Turkey
| | - Maura Di Vito
- Dipartimento di Scienze di Laboratorio e Infettivologiche, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A., Gemelli IRCCS, Largo A. Gemelli 8, 00168, Rome, Italy
| | - Luigi Menghini
- Department of Pharmacy, Botanic Garden "Giardino dei Semplici", "G. d'Annunzio" University, via dei Vestini 31, 66100, Chieti, Italy
| | - Claudio Ferrante
- Department of Pharmacy, Botanic Garden "Giardino dei Semplici", "G. d'Annunzio" University, via dei Vestini 31, 66100, Chieti, Italy
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Roohi TF, Mehdi S, Aarfi S, Krishna KL, Pathak S, Suhail SM, Faizan S. Biomarkers and signaling pathways of diabetic nephropathy and peripheral neuropathy: possible therapeutic intervention of rutin and quercetin. Diabetol Int 2024; 15:145-169. [PMID: 38524936 PMCID: PMC10959902 DOI: 10.1007/s13340-023-00680-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2023] [Accepted: 11/30/2023] [Indexed: 03/26/2024]
Abstract
Diabetic nephropathy and peripheral neuropathy are the two main complications of chronic diabetes that contribute to high morbidity and mortality. These conditions are characterized by the dysregulation of multiple molecular signaling pathways and the presence of specific biomarkers such as inflammatory cytokines, indicators of oxidative stress, and components of the renin-angiotensin system. In this review, we systematically collected and collated the relevant information from MEDLINE, EMBASE, ELSEVIER, PUBMED, GOOGLE, WEB OF SCIENCE, and SCOPUS databases. This review was conceived with primary objective of revealing the functions of these biomarkers and signaling pathways in the initiation and progression of diabetic nephropathy and peripheral neuropathy. We also highlighted the potential therapeutic effectiveness of rutin and quercetin, two plant-derived flavonoids known for their antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties. The findings of our study demonstrated that both flavonoids can regulate important disease-promoting systems, such as inflammation, oxidative stress, and dysregulation of the renin-angiotensin system. Importantly, rutin and quercetin have shown protective benefits against nephropathy and neuropathy in diabetic animal models, suggesting them as potential therapeutic agents. These findings provide a solid foundation for further comprehensive investigations and clinical trials to evaluate the potential of rutin and quercetin in the management of diabetic nephropathy and peripheral neuropathy. This may contribute to the development of more efficient and comprehensive treatment approaches for diabetes-associated complications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tamsheel Fatima Roohi
- Department of Pharmacology, JSS College of Pharmacy, JSS Academy of Higher Education & Research, Mysore, Karnataka 570015 India
| | - Seema Mehdi
- Department of Pharmacology, JSS College of Pharmacy, JSS Academy of Higher Education & Research, Mysore, Karnataka 570015 India
| | - Sadaf Aarfi
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Amity University, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh India
| | - K. L. Krishna
- Department of Pharmacology, JSS College of Pharmacy, JSS Academy of Higher Education & Research, Mysore, Karnataka 570015 India
| | - Suman Pathak
- Department of Dravyaguna, Govt. Ayurvedic Medical College, Shimoga, Karnataka 577 201 India
| | - Seikh Mohammad Suhail
- Department of Pharmacology, JSS College of Pharmacy, JSS Academy of Higher Education & Research, Mysore, Karnataka 570015 India
| | - Syed Faizan
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, JSS College of Pharmacy, JSS Academy of Higher Education & Research, Mysore, Karnataka 570015 India
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Roohi TF, Faizan S, Parray ZA, Baig MDAI, Mehdi S, Kinattingal N, Krishna KL. Beyond Glucose: The Dual Assault of Oxidative and ER Stress in Diabetic Disorders. High Blood Press Cardiovasc Prev 2023; 30:513-531. [PMID: 38041772 DOI: 10.1007/s40292-023-00611-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2023] [Accepted: 11/15/2023] [Indexed: 12/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Diabetes mellitus, a prevalent global health concern, is characterized by hyperglycemia. However, recent research reveals a more intricate landscape where oxidative stress and endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress orchestrate a dual assault, profoundly impacting diabetic disorders. This review elucidates the interplay between these two stress pathways and their collective consequences on diabetes. Oxidative stress emanates from mitochondria, where reactive oxygen species (ROS) production spirals out of control, leading to cellular damage. We explore ROS-mediated signaling pathways, which trigger β-cell dysfunction, insulin resistance, and endothelial dysfunction the quintessential features of diabetes. Simultaneously, ER stress unravels, unveiling how protein folding disturbances activate the unfolded protein response (UPR). We dissect the UPR's dual role, oscillating between cellular adaptation and apoptosis, significantly influencing pancreatic β-cells and peripheral insulin-sensitive tissues. Crucially, this review exposes the synergy between oxidative and ER stress pathways. ROS-induced UPR activation and ER stress-induced oxidative stress create a detrimental feedback loop, exacerbating diabetic complications. Moreover, we spotlight promising therapeutic strategies that target both stress pathways. Antioxidants, molecular chaperones, and novel pharmacological agents offer potential avenues for diabetes management. As the global diabetes burden escalates, comprehending the dual assault of oxidative and ER stress is paramount. This review not only unveils the intricate molecular mechanisms governing diabetic pathophysiology but also advocates a holistic therapeutic approach. By addressing both stress pathways concurrently, we may forge innovative solutions for diabetic disorders, ultimately alleviating the burden of this pervasive health issue.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tamsheel Fatima Roohi
- Department of Pharmacology, JSS College of Pharmacy, JSS Academy of Higher Education & Research, Mysore, Karnataka, 570015, India
| | - Syed Faizan
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, JSS College of Pharmacy, JSS Academy of Higher Education & Research, Mysore, Karnataka, 570015, India
| | - Zahoor Ahmad Parray
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology (IIT) Delhi, Hauz Khas Campus, New Delhi, 110016, India
| | - M D Awaise Iqbal Baig
- Department of Pharmacology, JSS College of Pharmacy, JSS Academy of Higher Education & Research, Mysore, Karnataka, 570015, India
| | - Seema Mehdi
- Department of Pharmacology, JSS College of Pharmacy, JSS Academy of Higher Education & Research, Mysore, Karnataka, 570015, India
| | - Nabeel Kinattingal
- Department of Pharmacology, JSS College of Pharmacy, JSS Academy of Higher Education & Research, Mysore, Karnataka, 570015, India
| | - K L Krishna
- Department of Pharmacology, JSS College of Pharmacy, JSS Academy of Higher Education & Research, Mysore, Karnataka, 570015, India.
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Reza-Zaldívar E, Jacobo-Velázquez DA. Comprehensive Review of Nutraceuticals against Cognitive Decline Associated with Alzheimer's Disease. ACS OMEGA 2023; 8:35499-35522. [PMID: 37810693 PMCID: PMC10552500 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.3c04855] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2023] [Accepted: 09/07/2023] [Indexed: 10/10/2023]
Abstract
Nowadays, nutraceuticals are being incorporated into functional foods or used as supplements with nonpharmacological approaches in the prevention and management of several illnesses, including age-related conditions and chronic neurodegenerative diseases. Nutraceuticals are apt for preventing and treating such disorders because of their nontoxic, non-habit-forming, and efficient bioactivities for promoting neurological well-being due to their ability to influence cellular processes such as neurogenesis, synaptogenesis, synaptic transmission, neuro-inflammation, oxidative stress, cell death modulation, and neuronal survival. The capacity of nutraceuticals to modify all of these processes reveals the potential to develop food-based strategies to aid brain development and enhance brain function, prevent and ameliorate neurodegeneration, and possibly reverse the cognitive impairment observed in Alzheimer's disease, the most predominant form of dementia in the elderly. The current review summarizes the experimental evidence of the neuroprotective capacity of nutraceuticals against Alzheimer's disease, describing their mechanisms of action and the in vitro and in vivo models applied to evaluate their neuroprotective potential.
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Affiliation(s)
- Edwin
E. Reza-Zaldívar
- Tecnologico
de Monterrey, Institute for Obesity Research, Av. Eugenio Garza Sada 2501 Sur, C. 64849 Monterrey, NL, Mexico
| | - Daniel A. Jacobo-Velázquez
- Tecnologico
de Monterrey, Institute for Obesity Research, Av. Eugenio Garza Sada 2501 Sur, C. 64849 Monterrey, NL, Mexico
- Tecnologico
de Monterrey, Escuela de Ingeniería
y Ciencias, Campus Guadalajara, Av. General Ramon Corona 2514, C. 45201 Zapopan, Jalisco, Mexico
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Acero N, Ortega T, Villagrasa V, Leon G, Muñoz-Mingarro D, Castillo E, González-Rosende ME, Borrás S, Rios JL, Bosch-Morell F, Martínez-Solís I. Phytotherapeutic alternatives for neurodegenerative dementias: Scientific review, discussion and therapeutic proposal. Phytother Res 2023; 37:1176-1211. [PMID: 36690605 DOI: 10.1002/ptr.7727] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2022] [Revised: 11/16/2022] [Accepted: 12/27/2022] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Abstract
The incidence and prevalence of age-related neurodegenerative dementias have been increasing. There is no curative therapy and conventional drug treatment can cause problems for patients. Medicinal plants traditionally used for problems associated with ageing are emerging as a therapeutic resource. The main aim is to give a proposal for use and future research based on scientific knowledge and tradition. A literature search was conducted in several searchable databases. The keywords used were related to neurodegenerative dementias, ageing and medicinal plants. Boolean operators and filters were used to focus the search. As a result, there is current clinical and preclinical scientific information on 49 species used in traditional medicine for ageing-related problems, including neurodegenerative dementias. There are preclinical and clinical scientific evidences on their properties against protein aggregates in the central nervous system and their effects on neuroinflammation, apoptosis dysregulation, mitochondrial dysfunction, gabaergic, glutamatergic and dopaminergic systems alterations, monoamine oxidase alterations, serotonin depletion and oestrogenic protection. In conclusion, the potential therapeutic effect of the different medicinal plants depends on the type of neurodegenerative dementia and its stage of development, but more clinical and preclinical research is needed to find better, safer and more effective treatments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nuria Acero
- Pharmaceutical and Health Sciences Department, Pharmacy Faculty, San Pablo-CEU University, CEU Universities, Boadilla del Monte, Madrid, Spain
| | - Teresa Ortega
- Pharmacology, Pharmacognosy and Botany Department, Pharmacy Faculty, Complutense University of Madrid, Madrid, Spain
| | - Victoria Villagrasa
- Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Health Sciences, Universidad Cardenal Herrera-CEU, CEU Universities, Alfara del Patriarca, Valencia, Spain
| | - Gemma Leon
- Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Health Sciences, Universidad Cardenal Herrera-CEU, CEU Universities, Alfara del Patriarca, Valencia, Spain
| | - Dolores Muñoz-Mingarro
- Chemistry and Biochemistry Department, Pharmacy Faculty, San Pablo-CEU University, CEU Universities, Boadilla del Monte, Madrid, Spain
| | - Encarna Castillo
- Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Health Sciences, Universidad Cardenal Herrera-CEU, CEU Universities, Alfara del Patriarca, Valencia, Spain
| | - M Eugenia González-Rosende
- Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Health Sciences, Universidad Cardenal Herrera-CEU, CEU Universities, Alfara del Patriarca, Valencia, Spain
| | - Silvia Borrás
- Departament de Farmacologia, Facultat de Farmàcia, Universitat de València, Burjassot, Valencia, Spain
| | - Jose Luis Rios
- Departament de Farmacologia, Facultat de Farmàcia, Universitat de València, Burjassot, Valencia, Spain
| | - Francisco Bosch-Morell
- Biomedical Sciences Institute, Universidad Cardenal Herrera-CEU, CEU Universities, Alfara del Patriarca, Valencia, Spain.,Department of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Health Sciences, Universidad Cardenal Herrera-CEU, CEU Universities, Alfara del Patriarca, Valencia, Spain
| | - Isabel Martínez-Solís
- Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Health Sciences, Universidad Cardenal Herrera-CEU, CEU Universities, Alfara del Patriarca, Valencia, Spain.,ICBiBE-Botanical Garden, University of Valencia, Valencia, Valencia, Spain
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Satyam SM, Bairy LK. Neuronutraceuticals Combating Neuroinflammaging: Molecular Insights and Translational Challenges—A Systematic Review. Nutrients 2022; 14:nu14153029. [PMID: 35893883 PMCID: PMC9330442 DOI: 10.3390/nu14153029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2022] [Revised: 07/19/2022] [Accepted: 07/20/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Neuropathologies, such as neuroinflammaging, have arisen as a serious concern for preserving the quality of life due to the global increase in neurodegenerative illnesses. Nowadays, neuronutraceuticals have gained remarkable attention. It is necessary to investigate the bioavailability, off-target effects, and mechanism of action of neuronutraceuticals. To comprehend the comprehensive impact on brain health, well-designed randomized controlled trials testing combinations of neuronutraceuticals are also necessary. Although there is a translational gap between basic and clinical research, the present knowledge of the molecular perspectives of neuroinflammaging and neuronutraceuticals may be able to slow down brain aging and to enhance cognitive performance. The present review also highlights the key emergent issues, such as regulatory and scientific concerns of neuronutraceuticals, including bioavailability, formulation, blood–brain permeability, safety, and efficacy.
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Molecular Insights into the Antistress Potentials of Brazilian Green Propolis Extract and Its Constituent Artepillin C. Molecules 2021; 27:molecules27010080. [PMID: 35011307 PMCID: PMC8746355 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27010080] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2021] [Revised: 12/13/2021] [Accepted: 12/16/2021] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Propolis, also known as bee-glue, is a resinous substance produced by honeybees from materials collected from plants they visit. It contains mixtures of wax and bee enzymes and is used by bees as a building material in their hives and by humans for different purposes in traditional healthcare practices. Although the composition of propolis has been shown to depend on its geographic location, climatic zone, and local flora; two largely studied types of propolis: (i) New Zealand and (ii) Brazilian green propolis have been shown to possess Caffeic Acid Phenethyl Ester (CAPE) and Artepillin C (ARC) as the main bioactive constituents, respectively. We have earlier reported that CAPE and ARC possess anticancer activities, mediated by abrogation of mortalin-p53 complex and reactivation of p53 tumor suppressor function. Like CAPE, Artepillin C (ARC) and the supercritical extract of green propolis (GPSE) showed potent anticancer activity. In this study, we recruited low doses of GPSE and ARC (that did not affect either cancer cell proliferation or migration) to investigate their antistress potential using in vitro cell based assays. We report that both GPSE and ARC have the capability to disaggregate metal- and heat-induced aggregated proteins. Metal-induced aggregation of GFP was reduced by fourfold in GPSE- as well as ARC-treated cells. Similarly, whereas heat-induced misfolding of luciferase protein showed 80% loss of activity, the cells treated with either GPSE or ARC showed 60–80% recovery. Furthermore, we demonstrate their pro-hypoxia (marked by the upregulation of HIF-1α) and neuro-differentiation (marked by differentiation morphology and upregulation of expression of GFAP, β-tubulin III, and MAP2). Both GPSE and ARC also offered significant protection against oxidative stress and, hence, may be useful in the treatment of old age-related brain pathologies.
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Williams RJ, Mohanakumar KP, Beart PM. Neuro-nutraceuticals: Natural products nourish the brain but be aware of contrary effects. Neurochem Int 2021; 150:105159. [PMID: 34400236 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuint.2021.105159] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
In this Special Issue on "Nutraceuticals: Molecular and Functional Insights into how Natural Products Nourish the Brain", the editors bring together contributions from experts in nutraceutical research to provide a contemporary overview of how select chemically identified molecules from natural products can beneficially affect brain function at the molecular level. Other contributions address the holistic benefit of herbal medicines and their multi-targeted actions, which improve brain function in diverse cellular and animal models of brain injury. Not only are new targets for nutraceuticals reported, but their benefits on neurobehavioural problems are elucidated in conditions as diverse as obesity and menopause. Inflammation in neuropathologies, including Alzheimer's disease (AD), remains a huge focus and diverse nutraceuticals demonstrate therapeutic applicability via glial-mediated actions. While contrary actions should be borne in mind in the search for novel neurotherapeutics, the great promise offered by herbal medicines and their newly identified active principles offers unique options for the management of diverse neurological and psychiatric conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Robert J Williams
- Department of Biology and Biochemistry, University of Bath, Claverton Down, Bath, BA2 7AY, UK
| | - Kochupurackal P Mohanakumar
- Inter University Centre for Biomedical Research & Super Speciality Hospital, Mahatma Gandhi University, Thalappady Campus, Rubber Board P.O., Kottayam, Kerala, 686 009, India
| | - Philip M Beart
- Florey Institute of Neuroscience and Mental Health, University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, 3051, Australia; Department of Biochemistry and Pharmacology, University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, 3010, Australia.
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