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Miltenberger-Miltenyi G, Ortega RA, Domingo A, Yadav R, Nishiyama A, Raymond D, Katsnelson V, Urval N, Swan M, Shanker V, Miravite J, Walker RH, Bressman SB, Ozelius LJ, Cabassa JC, Saunders-Pullman R. Genetic risk variants in New Yorkers of Puerto Rican and Dominican Republic heritage with Parkinson's disease. NPJ Parkinsons Dis 2023; 9:160. [PMID: 38062033 PMCID: PMC10703927 DOI: 10.1038/s41531-023-00599-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2023] [Accepted: 11/02/2023] [Indexed: 01/31/2024] Open
Abstract
There is a paucity of genetic characterization in people with Parkinson's disease (PD) of Latino and Afro-Caribbean descent. Screening LRRK2 and GBA variants in 32 New Yorkers of Puerto Rican ethnicity with PD and in 119 non-Hispanic-non-Jewish European PD cases revealed that Puerto Rican participants were more likely to harbor the LRRK2-p.G2019S variant (15.6% vs. 4.2%, respectively). Additionally, whole exome sequencing of twelve Puerto Rican and Dominican PD participants was performed as an exploratory study.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gabriel Miltenberger-Miltenyi
- Laboratório de Genética, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de Lisboa, Lisbon, Portugal.
- Department of Neurology, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Munich, Germany.
- Department of Neurology, Icahn School of Medicine, Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA.
| | - Roberto A Ortega
- Department of Neurology, Icahn School of Medicine, Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
- Department of Neurology, Mount Sinai Beth Israel, New York, NY, USA
| | - Aloysius Domingo
- Department of Neurology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
- Center for Genomic Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
- Program in Medical and Population Genomics, Broad Institute, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Rachita Yadav
- Department of Neurology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
- Center for Genomic Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
- Program in Medical and Population Genomics, Broad Institute, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Ayumi Nishiyama
- Department of Neurology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Deborah Raymond
- Department of Neurology, Icahn School of Medicine, Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
- Department of Neurology, Mount Sinai Beth Israel, New York, NY, USA
| | - Viktoriya Katsnelson
- Department of Neurology, Icahn School of Medicine, Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
- Department of Neurology, Mount Sinai Beth Israel, New York, NY, USA
| | - Nikita Urval
- Department of Neurology, Icahn School of Medicine, Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
- Department of Neurology, Mount Sinai Beth Israel, New York, NY, USA
| | - Matthew Swan
- Department of Neurology, Icahn School of Medicine, Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
- Department of Neurology, Mount Sinai Beth Israel, New York, NY, USA
| | - Vicki Shanker
- Department of Neurology, Icahn School of Medicine, Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
- Department of Neurology, Mount Sinai Beth Israel, New York, NY, USA
| | - Joan Miravite
- Department of Neurology, Icahn School of Medicine, Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
- Department of Neurology, Mount Sinai Beth Israel, New York, NY, USA
| | - Ruth H Walker
- Department of Neurology, Icahn School of Medicine, Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
- Department of Neurology, James J. Peters Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Bronx, NY, USA
| | - Susan B Bressman
- Department of Neurology, Icahn School of Medicine, Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
- Department of Neurology, Mount Sinai Beth Israel, New York, NY, USA
| | - Laurie J Ozelius
- Department of Neurology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
| | - José C Cabassa
- Department of Neurology, Icahn School of Medicine, Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
| | - Rachel Saunders-Pullman
- Department of Neurology, Icahn School of Medicine, Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA.
- Department of Neurology, Mount Sinai Beth Israel, New York, NY, USA.
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2
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Smaili I, Tibar H, Rahmani M, Machkour N, Razine R, Darai HN, Bouslam N, Benomar A, Regragui W, Bouhouche A. Gene Panel Sequencing Analysis Revealed a Strong Contribution of Rare Coding Variants to the Risk of Parkinson's Disease in Sporadic Moroccan Patients. J Mol Neurosci 2023; 73:391-402. [PMID: 37256495 DOI: 10.1007/s12031-023-02128-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2023] [Accepted: 05/24/2023] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
Parkinson's disease (PD) is a neurodegenerative movement disorder which can be either familial or sporadic. While it is well known that monogenic mutations are not a very common cause of PD, GWAS studies have shown that an additional fraction of the PD heritability could be explained by rare or common variants. To identify the rare variants that could influence the risk of PD in the Moroccan population, a cohort of 94 sporadic PD patients negative for the LRRK2 G2019S mutation was subjected to NGS gene panel sequencing, and gene dosage using the MLPA method. Mean age of onset at enrollment was 51.7 ± 11.51 years, and 60% of patients were men. We identified 70 rare variants under 0.5% of frequency in 16 of the 20 genes analyzed, of which 7 were novel. Biallelic disease-causing variants in genes with recessive inheritance were found in 5 PD cases (5.31%), whereas 13 patients (13.8%) carried likely pathogenic variants in genes with dominant inheritance. Moreover, 8 patients (8.5%) carried a single variant in MAPT or POLG, whereas co-occurrence of rare variants involving more than one gene was observed in 28 patients (30%). PD patients with variants in recessive genes had a younger mean age at onset than patients with dominant ones (33.40 (12.77) vs. 53.15 (6.63), p < 0.001), while their clinical features were similar. However, patients with rare variants in the risk factor genes or in more than one gene tended to have less resting tremor (p < 0.04), but more dystonia (p < 0.006) and dementia (p < 0.002) than those without any rare variants in known PD-associated genes. Our results showed a significant enrichment of rare variants particularly in LRRK2, VPS13C, POLG, and MAPT and underline their impact on the risk of sporadic form of the disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Imane Smaili
- Research Team in Neurology and Neurogenetics, Center of Genomics of Human Pathologies, Medical School and Pharmacy, University Mohammed V in Rabat, Rabat, Morocco
| | - Houyam Tibar
- Department of Neurology and Neurogenetics, Specialties Hospital, CHU Ibn Sina, Rabat, Morocco
| | - Mounia Rahmani
- Research Team in Neurology and Neurogenetics, Center of Genomics of Human Pathologies, Medical School and Pharmacy, University Mohammed V in Rabat, Rabat, Morocco
- Department of Neurology and Neuropsychology, Specialties Hospital, CHU Ibn Sina, Rabat, Morocco
| | - Najlaa Machkour
- Department of Neurology and Neurogenetics, Specialties Hospital, CHU Ibn Sina, Rabat, Morocco
| | - Rachid Razine
- Laboratory of Biostatistics, Clinical and Epidemiological Research, Department of Public Health, Medical School and Pharmacy, University Mohammed V in Rabat, Rabat, Morocco
| | - Hajar Naciri Darai
- Department of Neurology and Neurogenetics, Specialties Hospital, CHU Ibn Sina, Rabat, Morocco
| | - Naima Bouslam
- Department of Neurology and Neurogenetics, Specialties Hospital, CHU Ibn Sina, Rabat, Morocco
| | - Ali Benomar
- Research Team in Neurology and Neurogenetics, Center of Genomics of Human Pathologies, Medical School and Pharmacy, University Mohammed V in Rabat, Rabat, Morocco
- Department of Neurology and Neurogenetics, Specialties Hospital, CHU Ibn Sina, Rabat, Morocco
| | - Wafa Regragui
- Research Team in Neurology and Neurogenetics, Center of Genomics of Human Pathologies, Medical School and Pharmacy, University Mohammed V in Rabat, Rabat, Morocco
- Department of Neurology and Neurogenetics, Specialties Hospital, CHU Ibn Sina, Rabat, Morocco
| | - Ahmed Bouhouche
- Research Team in Neurology and Neurogenetics, Center of Genomics of Human Pathologies, Medical School and Pharmacy, University Mohammed V in Rabat, Rabat, Morocco.
- Department of Neurology and Neurogenetics, Specialties Hospital, CHU Ibn Sina, Rabat, Morocco.
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3
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Parlar SC, Grenn FP, Kim JJ, Baluwendraat C, Gan-Or Z. Classification of GBA1 Variants in Parkinson's Disease: The GBA1-PD Browser. Mov Disord 2023; 38:489-495. [PMID: 36598340 PMCID: PMC10033371 DOI: 10.1002/mds.29314] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 28.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2022] [Revised: 11/14/2022] [Accepted: 12/16/2022] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND GBA1 variants are among the most common genetic risk factors for Parkinson's disease (PD). GBA1 variants can be classified into three categories based on their role in Gaucher's disease (GD) or PD: severe, mild, and risk variant (for PD). OBJECTIVE This review aims to generate and share a comprehensive database for GBA1 variants reported in PD to support future research and clinical trials. METHODS We performed a literature search for all GBA1 variants that have been reported in PD. The data have been standardized and complemented with variant classification, odds ratio if available, and other data. RESULTS We found 371 GBA1 variants reported in PD: 22 mild, 84 severe, 3 risk variants, and 262 of unknown status. We created a browser containing up-to-date information on these variants (https://pdgenetics.shinyapps.io/GBA1Browser/). CONCLUSIONS The classification and browser presented in this work should inform and support basic, translational, and clinical research on GBA1-PD. © 2023 International Parkinson and Movement Disorder Society.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sitki Cem Parlar
- Department of Human Genetics, McGill University, Montréal, Québec, Canada
- The Neuro (Montreal Neurological Institute-Hospital), McGill University, Montréal, Québec, Canada
| | - Francis P. Grenn
- Laboratory of Neurogenetics, National Institute on Aging, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Jonggeol Jeffrey Kim
- Laboratory of Neurogenetics, National Institute on Aging, Bethesda, MD, USA
- Preventive Neurology Unit, Centre for Prevention Diagnosis and Detection, Wolfson Institute of Population Health, Queen Mary University of London, UK
| | - Cornelis Baluwendraat
- Laboratory of Neurogenetics, National Institute on Aging, Bethesda, MD, USA
- Center for Alzheimer’s and Related Dementias (CARD), National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Ziv Gan-Or
- Department of Human Genetics, McGill University, Montréal, Québec, Canada
- The Neuro (Montreal Neurological Institute-Hospital), McGill University, Montréal, Québec, Canada
- Department of Neurology and Neurosurgery, McGill University, Montréal, Québec, Canada
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Mahungu AC, Anderson DG, Rossouw AC, van Coller R, Carr JA, Ross OA, Bardien S. Screening of the glucocerebrosidase (GBA) gene in South Africans of African ancestry with Parkinson's disease. Neurobiol Aging 2019; 88:156.e11-156.e14. [PMID: 32035846 DOI: 10.1016/j.neurobiolaging.2019.12.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2019] [Revised: 12/13/2019] [Accepted: 12/14/2019] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
Sequence variants in glucocerebrosidase (GBA) are a major genetic risk factor for Parkinson's disease (PD), and display ethnic-dependent frequencies, for example, variants such as p.N370S and 84insGG are common in Ashkenazi Jewish patients. Notably, there are limited studies on black patients from the African continent; hence, we conducted a study on 30 South African black PD patients. All 11 exons of GBA were screened using a nested PCR approach to avoid pseudogene contamination. We identified previously described Gaucher's disease-associated variants, p.R120W in one patient [age at onset (AAO) of 35 years], and p.R131L in another patient (AAO 30 years) and in her affected sibling (AAO 45 years). In addition, we found 3 previously identified [p.K(-27)R, p.T36del, and p.Q497*] and 2 novel (p.F216L and p.G478R) variants. Screening of ethnic-matched controls for the novel variants revealed that the allele frequency of p.F216L was 9.9%, whereas p.G478R was not found in the controls. Studies such as these are important and necessary to reveal the genetic architecture underlying PD in the understudied patients of African ancestry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amokelani C Mahungu
- Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Division of Molecular Biology and Human Genetics, Stellenbosch University, Cape Town, South Africa
| | - David G Anderson
- University of the Witwatersrand Donald Gordon Medical Centre, Neurology, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, South Africa
| | - Anastasia C Rossouw
- Faculty of Health Sciences, Division of Neurology, Department of Medicine, Walter Sisulu University, East London, South Africa
| | - Riaan van Coller
- Faculty of Health Sciences, School of Medicine, Department of Neurology, University of Pretoria, South Africa
| | - Jonathan A Carr
- Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Division of Neurology, Stellenbosch University, Cape Town, South Africa
| | - Owen A Ross
- Department of Neuroscience, Mayo Clinic, Jacksonville, FL, USA; Department of Clinical Genomics, Mayo Clinic College of Medicine, Jacksonville, FL, USA
| | - Soraya Bardien
- Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Division of Molecular Biology and Human Genetics, Stellenbosch University, Cape Town, South Africa.
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Zhang Y, Shu L, Sun Q, Zhou X, Pan H, Guo J, Tang B. Integrated Genetic Analysis of Racial Differences of Common GBA Variants in Parkinson's Disease: A Meta-Analysis. Front Mol Neurosci 2018. [PMID: 29527153 PMCID: PMC5829555 DOI: 10.3389/fnmol.2018.00043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Numerous studies have indicated that there is a possible relationship between GBA variants and Parkinson's disease (PD), however, most of them focused on a few variants such as L444P, N370S. We performed a comprehensive pooled analysis to clarify the relationship between variations of GBA and the risk of PD in different racial groups. Methods: Standard meta-analysis was conducted, including generating inclusion and exclusion criteria, searching literature, extracting and analyzing data. Results: Fifty studies containing 20,267 PD patients and 24,807 controls were included. We found that variants 84insGG, IVS2+1G>A, R120W, H255Q, E326K, T369M, N370S, D409H, L444P, R496H and RecNciI increased the risk of PD in total populations (OR: 1.78–10.49; p: <0.00001, 0.00005, 0.0008, 0.005, <0.00001, 0.004, <0.00001, 0.0003, <0.00001, <0.0001, 0.0001). In subgroup analysis by ethnicity, in AJ populations, variants 84insGG, R496H, N370S increased the risk of PD (OR: 9.26–3.51; p: <0.00001, <0.0001, <0.00001). In total non-AJ populations, variants L444P, R120W, IVS2+1G>A, H255Q, N370S, D409H, RecNciI, E326K, T369M increased the risk of PD (OR: 8.66–1.89; p: <0.00001, 0.0008, 0.02, 0.005, <0.00001, 0.001, 0.0001, <0.00001, 0.002). Among the non-AJ populations, pooled analysis from five different groups were done separately. Variants L444P, N370S, H255Q, D409H, RecNciI, E326K increased risk of PD (OR: 6.52–1.84; p: <0.00001, <0.00001, 0.005, 0.005, 0.04, <0.00001) in European/West Asians while R120W and RecNciI in East Asians (OR: 14.93, 3.56; p: 0.001, 0.003). L444P increased the risk of PD in Hispanics, East Asians and Mixed populations (OR: 15.44, 12.43, 7.33; p: 0.00004, <0.00001, 0.009). Lacking of enough original studies, we failed to conduct quantitative analysis in Africa. Conclusions: Obvious racial differences were found for GBA variants in PD. 84insGG and R496H exclusively increased PD risks in AJ populations, so did L444P, R120W, IVS2+1G>A, H255Q, D409H, RecNciI, E326K, T369M in non-AJ populations. N370S increased the risk of PD in both ethnics. In non-AJ subgroup populations, N370S, H255Q, D409H, E326K exclusively increased PD risks in European/West Asians, as were R120W in East Asians. L444P increased the risk of PD in all groups in non-AJ ethnicity. These results will contribute to the future genetic screening of GBA gene in PD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuan Zhang
- Department of Neurology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Li Shu
- Department of Neurology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Qiying Sun
- Department of Geriatrics, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China.,National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Changsha, China.,Key Laboratory of Hunan Province in Neurodegenerative Disorders, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Xun Zhou
- Department of Neurology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Hongxu Pan
- Department of Neurology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Jifeng Guo
- Department of Neurology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China.,National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Changsha, China.,Key Laboratory of Hunan Province in Neurodegenerative Disorders, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Beisha Tang
- Department of Neurology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China.,National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Changsha, China.,Key Laboratory of Hunan Province in Neurodegenerative Disorders, Central South University, Changsha, China.,Center for Medical Genetics, School of Life Sciences, Central South University, Changsha, China.,Parkinson's Disease Center of Beijing Institute for Brain Disorders, Beijing, China
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6
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Glucocerebrosidase and parkinsonism: lessons to learn. J Neurol 2016; 263:1033-1044. [PMID: 26995357 DOI: 10.1007/s00415-016-8085-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2015] [Revised: 02/26/2016] [Accepted: 02/27/2016] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Both homo- (causing autosomal-recessive Gaucher's disease; GD) and heterozygous mutations in the glucocerebrosidase gene (GBA) are associated with Parkinson's disease (PD), and represent the most robust known genetic susceptibility factors identified in PD. Since the accumulation of α-synuclein has been considered critical to the pathogenesis of PD among several possible pathways through which glucocerebrosidase (GCase) deficiency may promote the pathogenesis of PD, particular attention was given to the reciprocity with α-synuclein levels, lysosomal dysfunction, endoplasmatic reticulum-Golgi trafficking of GCase, dysregulation of calcium homeostasis and mitochondrial abnormalities. The proportion of PD patients that carry GBA mutations is estimated to be approximately between 5 and 10 %. Individual PD patients with or without GBA mutations cannot be discriminated on clinical or pathological grounds. However, GBA mutation carriers may have slightly earlier age at PD onset, more likely have a positive family history for PD, and more prevalent non-motor symptoms when compared to those patients who are not carriers. Establishing the concept of GBA-related PD promoted a search for the pathogenic mechanisms through which GCase deficiency may influence pathogenesis of PD, suggesting that targeting the GCase-lysosomal pathway might be a rational approach for the development of neuroprotective drugs in PD.
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7
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Zhao F, Bi L, Wang W, Wu X, Li Y, Gong F, Lu S, Feng F, Qian Z, Hu C, Wu Y, Sun Y. Mutations of glucocerebrosidase gene and susceptibility to Parkinson's disease: An updated meta-analysis in a European population. Neuroscience 2016; 320:239-46. [PMID: 26868973 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroscience.2016.02.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/20/2015] [Revised: 01/30/2016] [Accepted: 02/02/2016] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
This meta-analysis aims to investigate the association between mutations of glucocerebrosidase (GBA) gene and susceptibility to Parkinson's disease (PD) in a European population. Several electronic databases were extensively searched. Odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were calculated to assess the association. In total, fourteen published papers screening L444P, N370S and other GBA variants were identified. The GBA mutations were significantly associated with PD in the European population. Subgroup analysis stratified by the age of onset (AAO) revealed that the association between GBA mutations and PD existed in the patients with age at onset ⩽50 years but did not exist in the patients with age at onset >50 years. Furthermore, the associations between N370S, and L444P with PD were also analyzed to explore the roles of the two most frequent GBA mutations in the development of PD. The results showed that significant associations between N370S, and L444P with PD were observed, respectively. Overall, the study supported that GBA mutations were a risk factor for PD in the European population. Patients with early-onset were more likely to carry GBA mutations than those with late-onset. Moreover, both L444P and N370S were associated with increased PD risk.
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Affiliation(s)
- F Zhao
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, No. 81 Meishan Road, Hefei 230032, Anhui, China
| | - L Bi
- School of Medicine, The University of Adelaide, Adelaide, SA 5005, Australia
| | - W Wang
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, No. 81 Meishan Road, Hefei 230032, Anhui, China
| | - X Wu
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, No. 81 Meishan Road, Hefei 230032, Anhui, China
| | - Y Li
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, No. 81 Meishan Road, Hefei 230032, Anhui, China
| | - F Gong
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, No. 81 Meishan Road, Hefei 230032, Anhui, China
| | - S Lu
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, No. 81 Meishan Road, Hefei 230032, Anhui, China
| | - F Feng
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, No. 81 Meishan Road, Hefei 230032, Anhui, China
| | - Z Qian
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, No. 81 Meishan Road, Hefei 230032, Anhui, China
| | - C Hu
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, No. 81 Meishan Road, Hefei 230032, Anhui, China
| | - Y Wu
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, No. 81 Meishan Road, Hefei 230032, Anhui, China
| | - Y Sun
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, No. 81 Meishan Road, Hefei 230032, Anhui, China; Centre for Evidence-Based Practice, Anhui Medical University, No. 81 Meishan Road, Hefei 230032, Anhui, China.
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8
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Davis AA, Andruska KM, Benitez BA, Racette BA, Perlmutter JS, Cruchaga C. Variants in GBA, SNCA, and MAPT influence Parkinson disease risk, age at onset, and progression. Neurobiol Aging 2016; 37:209.e1-209.e7. [PMID: 26601739 PMCID: PMC4688052 DOI: 10.1016/j.neurobiolaging.2015.09.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 70] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2015] [Revised: 08/31/2015] [Accepted: 09/19/2015] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Multiple genetic variants have been linked to risk of Parkinson disease (PD), but known mutations do not explain a large proportion of the total PD cases. Similarly, multiple loci have been associated with PD risk by genome-wide association studies (GWAS). The influence that genetic factors confer on phenotypic diversity remains unclear. Few studies have been performed to determine whether the GWAS loci are also associated with age at onset (AAO) or motor progression. We used 2 PD case-control data sets (Washington University and the Parkinson's Progression Markers Initiative) to determine whether polymorphisms located at the GWAS top hits (GBA, ACMSD/TMEM163, STK39, MCCC1/LAMP3, GAK/TMEM175, SNCA, and MAPT) show association with AAO or motor progression. We found associations between single nucleotide polymorphisms at the GBA and MAPT loci and PD AAO and progression. These findings reinforce the complex genetic basis of PD and suggest that distinct genes and variants explain the genetic architecture of PD risk, onset, and progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Albert A Davis
- Department of Neurology, Washington University, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | | | - Bruno A Benitez
- Department of Psychiatry, Washington University, School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - Brad A Racette
- Department of Neurology, Washington University, St. Louis, MO, USA; Hope Center Program on Protein Aggregation and Neurodegeneration, Washington University, St. Louis, MO, USA; School of Public Health, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of the Witwatersrand, Parktown, South Africa
| | - Joel S Perlmutter
- Department of Neurology, Washington University, St. Louis, MO, USA; Department of Radiology, Washington University, St. Louis, MO, USA; Department of Anatomy and Neurobiology, Washington University, St. Louis, MO, USA; Programs in Physical Therapy and Occupational Therapy, Washington University, St. Louis, MO, USA; Hope Center Program on Protein Aggregation and Neurodegeneration, Washington University, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - Carlos Cruchaga
- Department of Psychiatry, Washington University, School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA; Hope Center Program on Protein Aggregation and Neurodegeneration, Washington University, St. Louis, MO, USA.
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9
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Abstract
The resiliency of the adult nervous system is markedly affected by the environment and the circumstances during infant and child development. As such, adults in resource-limited settings who may have experienced early deprivation are particularly vulnerable to subsequent neurological disorders. Adult populations in countries with relatively recent advances in economic development may still have a higher susceptibility to neurological illness or injury that is reflective of the socioeconomic environment that was present during that population’s infancy and childhood. Brain and peripheral nervous system research conducted over the past decade in resource-limited settings has led to an impressive and growing body of knowledge that informs our understanding of neurological function and dysfunction, independent of geography. Neurological conditions feature prominently in the burgeoning epidemic of non-communicable diseases facing low- and middle-income countries. Neurological research in these countries is needed to address this burden of disease. Although the burden of more prevalent and severe neurological disease poses public health and clinical challenges in settings with limited neurological expertise, the same factors, along with genetic heterogeneity and the relative absence of ingrained clinical care practices, offer circumstances well-suited for the conduct of crucial future research that is globally relevant.
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10
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Analysis of the genetic variability in Parkinson's disease from Southern Spain. Neurobiol Aging 2015; 37:210.e1-210.e5. [PMID: 26518746 DOI: 10.1016/j.neurobiolaging.2015.09.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2015] [Revised: 09/08/2015] [Accepted: 09/26/2015] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
To date, a large spectrum of genetic variants has been related to familial and sporadic Parkinson's disease (PD) in diverse populations worldwide. However, very little is known about the genetic landscape of PD in Southern Spain, despite its particular genetic landscape coming from multiple historical migrations. We included 134 PD patients in this study, of which 97 individuals were diagnosed with late-onset sporadic PD (LOPD), 28 with early-onset sporadic PD (EOPD), and 9 with familial PD (FPD). Genetic analysis was performed through a next-generation sequencing panel to screen 8 PD-related genes (LRRK2, SNCA, PARKIN, PINK1, DJ-1, VPS35, GBA, and GCH1) in EOPD and FPD groups and direct Sanger sequencing of GBA exons 8-11 and LRRK2 exons 31 and 41 in the LOPD group. In the EOPD and FPD groups, we identified 11 known pathogenic mutations among 15 patients (40.5%). GBA (E326K, N370S, D409H, L444P) mutations were identified in 7 patients (18.9%); LRRK2 (p.R1441G and p.G2019S) in 3 patients (8.1%); biallelic PARK2 mutations (p.N52fs, p.V56E, p.C212Y) in 4 cases (10.8%) and PINK1 homozygous p.G309D in 1 patient (2.7%). An EOPD patient carried a single PARK2 heterozygous mutation (p.R402C), and another had a novel heterozygous mutation in VPS35 (p.R32S), both of unknown significance. Moreover, pathogenic mutations in GBA (E326K, T369M, N370S, D409H, L444P) and LRRK2 (p.R1441G and p.G2019S) were identified in 13 patients (13.4%) and 4 patients (4.1%), respectively, in the LOPD group. A large number of known pathogenic mutations related to PD have been identified. In particular, GBA and LRRK2 mutations appear to be considerably frequent in our population, suggesting a strong Jewish influence. Further research is needed to study the contribution of the novel found mutation p.R32S in VPS35 to the pathogenesis of PD.
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Glucocerebrosidase gene mutations associated with Parkinson's disease: a meta-analysis in a Chinese population. PLoS One 2014; 9:e115747. [PMID: 25535748 PMCID: PMC4275276 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0115747] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2014] [Accepted: 11/30/2014] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Mutations of glucocerebrosidase (GBA) confer susceptibility to Parkinson's disease in several ethnical populations, with a high incidence especially in the Ashkenazi Jewish population. Although there are several studies that have investigated a similar association in a Chinese population, small sample sizes and few positive outcomes have made it difficult to obtain conclusive results from these individual studies. Therefore, the present study used a meta-analysis approach, pooling the appropriate data from published studies to investigate the association of GBA mutations and Parkinson's disease in a Chinese population. Nine studies containing 6536 Chinese subjects (3438 cases and 3098 healthy controls) and examining the GBA mutations of L444P, N370S and several other mutations were included. Review Manager 5.2 software was applied to analyze the pooled odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs). The results showed a significant association of Parkinson's disease risk with overall GBA mutations (OR = 6.34, 95% CI = 3.77–10.68, p<0.00001), and with the subgroup of L444P mutation (OR = 11.68, 95% CI = 5.23–26.06, p<0.00001). No such association was observed for the subgroup with N370S mutation or other mutations, in part because of the small sample size or rare events. Thus, for the rare occurrence of GBA mutations, studies with larger sample size are necessary to minimize the sampling error and to obtain convincing results.
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Deng H, Xiu X, Jankovic J. Genetic convergence of Parkinson's disease and lysosomal storage disorders. Mol Neurobiol 2014; 51:1554-68. [PMID: 25099932 DOI: 10.1007/s12035-014-8832-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2014] [Accepted: 07/23/2014] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
Parkinson's disease is a common progressive neurodegenerative disorder characterized by predominant degeneration of the dopaminergic neurons in the substantia nigra pars compacta and the presence of intracellular inclusions enriched in α-synuclein, resulting in a variety motor and nonmotor symptoms. Lysosomal storage disorders are a group of disorders including Gaucher disease, Niemann-Pick disease, and neuronal ceroid lipofuscinoses caused by the defective activity of lysosomal and nonlysosomal proteins. In addition to an overlap in some clinical features between lysosomal storage disorders and Parkinson's disease, the two disorders may be also linked pathogenically. There is growing support for the notion that mutations in genes causing lysosomal storage disorders including the glucocerebrosidase gene, the sphingomyelin phosphodiesterase 1 gene, and the NPC1 gene may increase risk for developing Parkinson's disease. In this review, we discuss the recent advances in the genetic convergence of Parkinson's disease and lysosomal storage disorders, shedding new light on the understanding of shared pathogenic pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hao Deng
- Center for Experimental Medicine, The Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, 138 Tongzipo Road, Changsha, Hunan, 410013, China,
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Liu J, Zhang HX. Significant study of population stratification, sensitivity analysis and trim and fill analyses on GBA mutation and Parkinson's disease. Am J Med Genet B Neuropsychiatr Genet 2014; 165B:96-102. [PMID: 24243800 DOI: 10.1002/ajmg.b.32214] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2013] [Accepted: 10/21/2013] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
This comprehensive meta-analysis was applied to case-control studies of the association between PD and GBA to assess the joint evidence for the association, the influence of individual studies, and evidence for publication bias. We searched PubMed, Medline, Cochrane Library, reference lists of relevant studies to June 2012, and email contact with authors. For the case-control studies, the authors found 1) support for the association between PD and GBA, both in total group analysis [fixed: OR and 95%CI: 4.825 (3.901-5.968), P < 0.001; random: OR and 95%CI: 4.791 (3.520-6.520), P < 0.001] and in Asia, Europe, Americas, and Israel subgroups analysis [Asia: fixed: OR and 95%CI: 7.495 (4.490-12.511), P < 0.001, random: OR and 95%CI: 7.989 (4.060-15.723), P < 0.001; Americas: fixed: OR and 95%CI: 4.036 (2.460-6.622), P < 0.001, random: OR and 95%CI: 4.065 (2.464-6.707), P < 0.001; Europe: fixed: OR and 95%CI: 3.353 (2.287-4.917), P < 0.001, random: OR and 95%CI: 3.559 (2.148-5.894), P < 0.001; Israel: fixed/random: OR and 95%CI: 6.430 (4.430-9.333), P < 0.001], 2) no evidence that this association was accounted for by any one study, and 3) no evidence for publication bias. In conclusion, GBA mutation status may be significantly associated with PD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jie Liu
- Shanghai Key Laboratory for Prevention and Treatment of Bone and Joint Diseases with Integrated Chinese-Western Medicine, Shanghai Institute of Orthopaedics and Traumatology, Department of Orthopaedics, Shanghai Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
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Mao X, Wang T, Peng R, Chang X, Li N, Gu Y, Zhao D, Liao Q, Liu M. Mutations in GBA and risk of Parkinson’s disease: a meta-analysis based on 25 case-control studies. Neurol Res 2013; 35:873-8. [PMID: 23676350 DOI: 10.1179/1743132813y.0000000224] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Xueye Mao
- Department of Neurology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Tinghua Wang
- Institute of Neurological Disease, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Rong Peng
- Department of Neurology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Xueli Chang
- Department of Neurology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Nannan Li
- Department of Neurology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Yingli Gu
- Department of NeurologyThe Fourth Affiliated Hospital, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Dongmei Zhao
- Department of Neurology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Qiao Liao
- Department of Neurology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Ming Liu
- Department of Neurology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
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Li Y, Sekine T, Funayama M, Li L, Yoshino H, Nishioka K, Tomiyama H, Hattori N. Clinicogenetic study of GBA mutations in patients with familial Parkinson's disease. Neurobiol Aging 2013; 35:935.e3-8. [PMID: 24126159 DOI: 10.1016/j.neurobiolaging.2013.09.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2013] [Revised: 09/11/2013] [Accepted: 09/12/2013] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
The glucocerebrosidase gene (GBA) is a known risk factor of Parkinson's disease (PD). We sequenced entire coding exons and exon/intron boundaries of GBA in 147 Japanese familial PD (FPD) patients from 144 families and 100 unrelated control subjects. Twenty-seven of 144 (18.8%) of index patients were heterozygous for known Gaucher disease mutations, suggesting that GBA heterozygous mutations are strongly associated with FPD (odds ratio = 22.9, 95% confidence interval = 3.1-171.2). The frequency was significantly higher in autosomal dominant PD (ADPD) compared with autosomal recessive PD. According to clinical assessments, PD patients with GBA mutations exhibited typical manifestations of PD or dementia with Lewy bodies (DLB), such as L-dopa responsive parkinsonism with psychiatric problems and/or cognitive decline. Interestingly, they also presented with reduced myocardial (123)I-metaiodobenzylguanidine uptake. Our findings suggest that heterozygous GBA mutations are strong risk factors in FPD, especially for autosomal dominant PD. Some patients with GBA heterozygous mutations develop clinical features of DLB. We speculate that GBA dysfunction may promote Lewy body formation, resulting in more severe PD or DLB phenotypes that are inherited in families.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuanzhe Li
- Research Institute for Diseases of Old Age, Juntendo University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan; Department of Neurology, Juntendo University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Takeshi Sekine
- Department of Neurology, Juntendo University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Manabu Funayama
- Research Institute for Diseases of Old Age, Juntendo University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan; Department of Neurology, Juntendo University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Lin Li
- Department of Neurology, Juntendo University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Hiroyo Yoshino
- Research Institute for Diseases of Old Age, Juntendo University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Kenya Nishioka
- Department of Neurology, Juntendo University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Hiroyuki Tomiyama
- Department of Neurology, Juntendo University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan; Department of Neuroscience for Neurodegenerative Disorders, Juntendo University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Nobutaka Hattori
- Research Institute for Diseases of Old Age, Juntendo University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan; Department of Neurology, Juntendo University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan; Department of Neuroscience for Neurodegenerative Disorders, Juntendo University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan.
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Abstract
Adherents to the Jewish faith have resided in numerous geographic locations over the course of three millennia. Progressively more detailed population genetic analysis carried out independently by multiple research groups over the past two decades has revealed a pattern for the population genetic architecture of contemporary Jews descendant from globally dispersed Diaspora communities. This pattern is consistent with a major, but variable component of shared Near East ancestry, together with variable degrees of admixture and introgression from the corresponding host Diaspora populations. By combining analysis of monoallelic markers with recent genome-wide variation analysis of simple tandem repeats, copy number variations, and single-nucleotide polymorphisms at high density, it has been possible to determine the relative contribution of sex-specific migration and introgression to map founder events and to suggest demographic histories corresponding to western and eastern Diaspora migrations, as well as subsequent microevolutionary events. These patterns have been congruous with the inferences of many, but not of all historians using more traditional tools such as archeology, archival records, linguistics, comparative analysis of religious narrative, liturgy and practices. Importantly, the population genetic architecture of Jews helps to explain the observed patterns of health and disease-relevant mutations and phenotypes which continue to be carefully studied and catalogued, and represent an important resource for human medical genetics research. The current review attempts to provide a succinct update of the more recent developments in a historical and human health context.
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Ben Rhouma F, Kallel F, Kefi R, Cherif W, Nagara M, Azaiez H, Jedidi I, Elloumi M, Abdelhak S, Mseddi S. Adult Gaucher disease in southern Tunisia: report of three cases. Diagn Pathol 2012; 7:4. [PMID: 22233685 PMCID: PMC3275535 DOI: 10.1186/1746-1596-7-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2011] [Accepted: 01/10/2012] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Gaucher disease (GD) is the most frequent lysosomal storage disorder; type 1 is by far the most common form. It is characterized by variability in age of onset, clinical signs and progression. It is usually diagnosed in the first or second decade of life with the appearance of bone pains, splenomegaly and thrombocytopenia, but the disease may be diagnosed at any age between 1 and 73 years. In the present study, we report 3 cases with late onset of GD in whom the disease was a surprise finding including one patient with Parkinson disease. This late onset is described as an adult form of Gaucher disease. Findings Molecular investigation showed mutational homogeneity in Tunisian adult patients suffering from GD. Indeed, all patients carry the p.N370S mutation: two patients at a homozygous state and one patient at compound heterozygous state. Conclusion The p.N370S mutation presents a large variability in the onset of the disease and its clinical manifestation supporting the view that GD should be considered as a continuum phenotype rather than a predefined classification.
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Affiliation(s)
- Faten Ben Rhouma
- Molecular Investigation of Genetic Orphan Diseases, Pasteur Institute, Tunis - Tunisia
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Herzig MC, Kolly C, Persohn E, Theil D, Schweizer T, Hafner T, Stemmelen C, Troxler TJ, Schmid P, Danner S, Schnell CR, Mueller M, Kinzel B, Grevot A, Bolognani F, Stirn M, Kuhn RR, Kaupmann K, van der Putten PH, Rovelli G, Shimshek DR. LRRK2 protein levels are determined by kinase function and are crucial for kidney and lung homeostasis in mice. Hum Mol Genet 2011; 20:4209-23. [PMID: 21828077 PMCID: PMC3188995 DOI: 10.1093/hmg/ddr348] [Citation(s) in RCA: 282] [Impact Index Per Article: 21.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Mutations in leucine-rich repeat kinase 2 (LRRK2) cause late-onset Parkinson's disease (PD), but the underlying pathophysiological mechanisms and the normal function of this large multidomain protein remain speculative. To address the role of this protein in vivo, we generated three different LRRK2 mutant mouse lines. Mice completely lacking the LRRK2 protein (knock-out, KO) showed an early-onset (age 6 weeks) marked increase in number and size of secondary lysosomes in kidney proximal tubule cells and lamellar bodies in lung type II cells. Mice expressing a LRRK2 kinase-dead (KD) mutant from the endogenous locus displayed similar early-onset pathophysiological changes in kidney but not lung. KD mutants had dramatically reduced full-length LRRK2 protein levels in the kidney and this genetic effect was mimicked pharmacologically in wild-type mice treated with a LRRK2-selective kinase inhibitor. Knock-in (KI) mice expressing the G2019S PD-associated mutation that increases LRRK2 kinase activity showed none of the LRRK2 protein level and histopathological changes observed in KD and KO mice. The autophagy marker LC3 remained unchanged but kidney mTOR and TCS2 protein levels decreased in KD and increased in KO and KI mice. Unexpectedly, KO and KI mice suffered from diastolic hypertension opposed to normal blood pressure in KD mice. Our findings demonstrate a role for LRRK2 in kidney and lung physiology and further show that LRRK2 kinase function affects LRRK2 protein steady-state levels thereby altering putative scaffold/GTPase activity. These novel aspects of peripheral LRRK2 biology critically impact ongoing attempts to develop LRRK2 selective kinase inhibitors as therapeutics for PD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Martin C Herzig
- Department of Neuroscience, Novartis Institutes for BioMedical Research, Novartis Pharma AG, CH-4002 Basel, Switzerland
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