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Zhao H, Jin T, Cheng X, Qin J, Zhang L, He H, Xue J, Jin G. GAS5 which is regulated by Lhx8 promotes the recovery of learning and memory in rats with cholinergic nerve injury. Life Sci 2020; 260:118388. [PMID: 32890602 DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2020.118388] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2019] [Revised: 08/03/2020] [Accepted: 08/30/2020] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
Abstract
Damage to the cholinergic system in central nervous system injuries such as traumatic brain injury (TBI) and neurodegenerative diseases leads to impaired learning and cognition. Neural stem cells (NSCs) have self-renewal capacity and multi-directional differentiation potential and considered the best source of cells for cell replacement therapy. However, how to promote the differentiation of NSCs into neurons is a major challenge in current research. Lhx8 has a specific effect on the development of the cholinergic nervous system, but its exact function is unclear. In this study, we found that Lhx8 could regulate the expression of Growth arrest-specific (GAS)5 which has been implicated in cancer but was less studied in the nervous system. Additionally, results from PCR, fluorescence in situ hybridization, and immunocytochemical analyses showed that GAS5 is mainly expressed in the cytoplasm of hippocampal neural stems cells and promotes their differentiation into neurons; the Morris water maze test demonstrated that GAS5 overexpression restored learning and memory in rats with cholinergic injury. These findings indicate that GAS5, which is regulated by Lhx8, improve brain function following cholinergic nerve injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Heyan Zhao
- Department of Human Anatomy, The Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Neuroregeneration, Medical School, Nantong University, Nantong, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Tianren Jin
- Department of Human Anatomy, The Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Neuroregeneration, Medical School, Nantong University, Nantong, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Xiang Cheng
- Department of Human Anatomy, The Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Neuroregeneration, Medical School, Nantong University, Nantong, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Jianbing Qin
- Department of Human Anatomy, The Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Neuroregeneration, Medical School, Nantong University, Nantong, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Lei Zhang
- Department of Human Anatomy, The Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Neuroregeneration, Medical School, Nantong University, Nantong, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Hui He
- Department of Human Anatomy, The Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Neuroregeneration, Medical School, Nantong University, Nantong, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Jianhua Xue
- Departments of Emergency Surgery, Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Nantong, Nantong, China
| | - Guohua Jin
- Department of Human Anatomy, The Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Neuroregeneration, Medical School, Nantong University, Nantong, Jiangsu Province, China.
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Zhao HY, Zhang ST, Cheng X, Li HM, Zhang L, He H, Qin JB, Zhang WY, Sun Y, Jin GH. Long non-coding RNA GAS5 promotes PC12 cells differentiation into Tuj1-positive neuron-like cells and induces cell cycle arrest. Neural Regen Res 2019; 14:2118-2125. [PMID: 31397350 PMCID: PMC6788226 DOI: 10.4103/1673-5374.262592] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/25/2023] Open
Abstract
Growth arrest-specific 5 (GAS5) is an anti-oncogene that has been extensively studied in tumors. However, research on GAS5 in the context of nervous system disease is rare at present. This study aimed to investigate the role of the long non-coding RNA GAS5 in rat pheochromocytoma cells (PC12 cells). GAS5-overexpressing lentivirus was transfected into PC12 cells, and expression levels of GAS5 and C-myc were detected by real-time PCR. Ratios of cells in S phase were detected by 5-ethynyl-2′-deoxyuridine. Immunohistochemical staining was used to detect the immunoreactivity of neuron microtubule markers Tuj1, doublecortin, and microtubule-associated protein 2. Apoptosis was detected by flow cytometry, while expression of acetylcholine in cells was detected by western blot assay. We found that GAS5 can promote PC12 cells to differentiate into Tuj1-positive neuron-like cells with longer processes. In addition, cell proliferation and cell cycle were significantly suppressed by GAS5, whereas it had no effect on apoptosis of PC12 cells. Our results indicate that GAS5 could increase the expression of choline acetyltransferase and acetylcholine release. Thus, we speculate that GAS5 is beneficial to the recovery of neurons and the cholinergic nervous system.
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Affiliation(s)
- He-Yan Zhao
- Department of Human Anatomy, the Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Neuroregeneration, Medical School, Nantong University, Nantong, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Sheng-Tong Zhang
- Department of Human Anatomy, the Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Neuroregeneration, Medical School, Nantong University, Nantong, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Xiang Cheng
- Department of Human Anatomy, the Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Neuroregeneration, Medical School, Nantong University, Nantong, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Hao-Ming Li
- Department of Human Anatomy, the Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Neuroregeneration, Medical School, Nantong University, Nantong, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Lei Zhang
- Department of Human Anatomy, the Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Neuroregeneration, Medical School, Nantong University, Nantong, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Hui He
- Department of Human Anatomy, the Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Neuroregeneration, Medical School, Nantong University, Nantong, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Jian-Bing Qin
- Department of Human Anatomy, the Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Neuroregeneration, Medical School, Nantong University, Nantong, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Wei-Ye Zhang
- Department of Human Anatomy, the Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Neuroregeneration, Medical School, Nantong University, Nantong, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Yan Sun
- Department of Human Anatomy, the Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Neuroregeneration, Medical School, Nantong University, Nantong, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Guo-Hua Jin
- Department of Human Anatomy, the Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Neuroregeneration, Medical School, Nantong University, Nantong, Jiangsu Province, China
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Ding H, Jin GH, Zou LQ, Zhang XQ, Li HM, Tao XL, Zhang XH, Qin JB, Tian ML. Stromal derived factor-1α in hippocampus radial glial cells in vitro regulates the migration of neural progenitor cells. Cell Biol Int 2015; 39:750-8. [PMID: 25604551 DOI: 10.1002/cbin.10442] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/13/2014] [Accepted: 01/13/2015] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
Stromal derived factor-1α (SDF-1α), a critical chemokine that promotes cell homing to target tissues, was presumed to be involved in the traumatic brain injury cortex. In this study, we determined the expression of SDF-1α in the hippocampus after transection of the fimbria fornix (FF). Realtime PCR and ELISA showed that mRNA transcription and SDF-1α proteins increased significantly after FF transection. In vitro, the expression of SDF-1α in radial glial cells (RGCs) incubated with deafferented hippocampus extracts was observed to be greater than in those incubated with normal hippocampus extracts. The co-culture of neural progenitor cells (NPCs) and RGCs indicated that the extracts of deafferented hippocampus induced more NPCs migrating toward RGCs than the normal extracts. Suppression or overexpression of SDF-1α in RGCs markedly either decreased or increased, respectively, the migration of NPCs. These results suggest that after FF transection, SDF-1α in the deafferented hippocampus was upregulated and might play an important role in RGC induction of NPC migration; therefore, SDF-1α is a target for additional research for determining new therapy for brain injuries.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hui Ding
- Department of Anatomy and Neurobiology, The Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Neuroregeneration, Nantong University, Co-innovation Center of Neuroregeneration, Nantong, Jiangsu Province, 226001, People's Republic of China
| | - Guo-Hua Jin
- Department of Anatomy and Neurobiology, The Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Neuroregeneration, Nantong University, Co-innovation Center of Neuroregeneration, Nantong, Jiangsu Province, 226001, People's Republic of China
| | - Lin-Qing Zou
- Department of Anatomy and Neurobiology, The Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Neuroregeneration, Nantong University, Co-innovation Center of Neuroregeneration, Nantong, Jiangsu Province, 226001, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiao-Qing Zhang
- Department of Anatomy and Neurobiology, The Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Neuroregeneration, Nantong University, Co-innovation Center of Neuroregeneration, Nantong, Jiangsu Province, 226001, People's Republic of China
| | - Hao-Ming Li
- Department of Anatomy and Neurobiology, The Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Neuroregeneration, Nantong University, Co-innovation Center of Neuroregeneration, Nantong, Jiangsu Province, 226001, People's Republic of China
| | - Xue-Lei Tao
- Department of Anatomy and Neurobiology, The Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Neuroregeneration, Nantong University, Co-innovation Center of Neuroregeneration, Nantong, Jiangsu Province, 226001, People's Republic of China
| | - Xin-Hua Zhang
- Department of Anatomy and Neurobiology, The Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Neuroregeneration, Nantong University, Co-innovation Center of Neuroregeneration, Nantong, Jiangsu Province, 226001, People's Republic of China
| | - Jian-Bing Qin
- Department of Anatomy and Neurobiology, The Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Neuroregeneration, Nantong University, Co-innovation Center of Neuroregeneration, Nantong, Jiangsu Province, 226001, People's Republic of China
| | - Mei-Ling Tian
- Department of Anatomy and Neurobiology, The Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Neuroregeneration, Nantong University, Co-innovation Center of Neuroregeneration, Nantong, Jiangsu Province, 226001, People's Republic of China
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Zou L, Li H, Jin G, Tian M, Qin J, Zhao H. Fimbria-fornix (FF)-transected hippocampal extracts induce the activation of astrocytes in vitro. In Vitro Cell Dev Biol Anim 2013; 50:174-82. [PMID: 24203634 DOI: 10.1007/s11626-013-9709-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2013] [Accepted: 10/17/2013] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Abstract
Hippocampus is one of the neurogenesis areas in adult mammals, but the function of astrocytes in this area is still less known. In our previous study, the fimbria-fornix (FF)-transected hippocampal extracts promoted the proliferation and neuronal differentiation of radial glial cells in vitro. To explore the effects of hippocampal extracts on gliogenesis, the hippocampal astrocytes were treated by normal or ff-transected hippocampal extracts in vitro. The cells were immunostained by brain lipid-binding protein (BLBP), nestin, and SOX2 to assess their state of activation. The effects of astrocyte-conditioned medium on the neuronal differentiation of hippocampal neural stem cells (NSCs) were also investigated. After treatment of FF-transected hippocampal extracts, the number of BLBP, nestin, and Sox-positive cells were obviously more than the cells which treated by normal hippocampal extracts, these cells maintained a state of activation and the activated astrocyte-conditioned medium also promoted the differentiation of NSCs into more neurons. These findings suggest that the astrocytes can be activated by FF-transected hippocampal extracts and these activated cells also can promote the neuronal differentiation of hippocampal NSCs in vitro.
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Affiliation(s)
- Linqing Zou
- Department of Human Anatomy and Histoembryology, Medical College of Soochow University, Suzhou, 215123, China
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