1
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Kasaiyan M, Basiri M, Pajouhanfar S. The role of miRNA134 in pathogenesis and treatment of intractable epilepsy: a review article. NUCLEOSIDES, NUCLEOTIDES & NUCLEIC ACIDS 2024:1-16. [PMID: 38531025 DOI: 10.1080/15257770.2024.2331046] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2022] [Accepted: 03/11/2024] [Indexed: 03/28/2024]
Abstract
MicroRNA-134 (miRNA134) has emerged as a critical regulator in the pathogenesis of epilepsy, particularly in intractable cases resistant to conventional therapies. This review explores the multifaceted roles of miRNA134 in epileptogenesis, focusing on its influence on dendritic spine morphology and synaptic plasticity. Through its interactions with proteins such as LIM kinase 1 (LIMK1), Pumilio 2 (PUM2), and Tubby-like protein 1 (TULP1), miRNA134 modulates various molecular pathways implicated in epilepsy development. Preclinical studies have shown pro-mising results in targeting miRNA134 for mitigating seizure activity, highlighting its potential as a therapeutic target. Furthermore, miRNA134 holds promise as a biomarker for epilepsy diagnosis and prognosis, offering opportunities for personalized treatment approaches. However, further research is warranted to elucidate the precise mechanisms underlying miRNA134's effects and to translate these findings into clinical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maniya Kasaiyan
- Division of Child Neurology, Pediatrics Department, Yale New Haven Hospital, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - Mohsen Basiri
- Department of Internal Medicine, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, NYCHHC/Queens, New York City, NY, USA
| | - Sara Pajouhanfar
- Department of Pediatrics, St. Louis Children's Hospital, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA
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2
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Jia R, Zhu G, Zhao R, Li T, Jiang W, Cui X. Hydrogen treatment reduces electroencephalographic activity and neuronal death in rats with refractory status epilepticus by inhibiting membrane NR2B phosphorylation and oxidative stress. J Int Med Res 2024; 52:3000605241235589. [PMID: 38546233 PMCID: PMC10981235 DOI: 10.1177/03000605241235589] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2023] [Accepted: 02/09/2024] [Indexed: 04/01/2024] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To investigate the effects of hydrogen therapy on epileptic seizures in rats with refractory status epilepticus and the underlying mechanisms. METHODS Status epilepticus was induced using pilocarpine. The effects of hydrogen treatment on epilepsy severity in model rats were then monitored using Racine scores and electroencephalography (EEG), followed by western blot of plasma membrane N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor subtype 2B (NR2B) and phosphorylated NR2B expression. We also generated a cellular epilepsy model using Mg2+-free medium and used polymerase chain reaction to investigate the neuroprotective effects of hydrogen. RESULTS There were no significant differences in Racine scores between the hydrogen and control groups. EEG amplitudes were lower in the hydrogen treatment group than in the control group. In epilepsy model rats, hippocampal cell membrane NR2B expression and phosphorylation increased gradually over time. Although hippocampal cell membrane NR2B expression was not significantly different between the two groups, NR2B phosphorylation levels were significantly lower in the hydrogen group. Hydrogen treatment also increased superoxide dismutase, mitochondrial (SOD2) expression. CONCLUSIONS Hydrogen treatment reduced EEG amplitudes and NR2B phosphorylation; it also decreased neuronal death by reducing oxidative stress. Hydrogen may thus be a potential treatment for refractory status epilepticus by inhibiting membrane NR2B phosphorylation and oxidative stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruihua Jia
- Department of Neurology, Shaanxi Provincial People’s Hospital, Xi’an, China
| | - Gemin Zhu
- Department of Neurology, Xi’an Central Hospital, Xi’an, China
| | - Rui Zhao
- Department of Neurology, Shaanxi Provincial People’s Hospital, Xi’an, China
| | - Tian Li
- School of Basic Medicine, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi’an, China
| | - Wen Jiang
- Department of Neurology, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi’an, China
| | - Xiaoli Cui
- Department of Neurology, Shaanxi Provincial People’s Hospital, Xi’an, China
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3
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Liu M, Liu H, Feng F, Krook-Magnuson E, Dudley SC. TRPM7 kinase mediates hypomagnesemia-induced seizure-related death. Sci Rep 2023; 13:7855. [PMID: 37188671 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-34789-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2022] [Accepted: 05/08/2023] [Indexed: 05/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Hypomagnesemia (HypoMg) can cause seizures and death, but the mechanism is unknown. Transient receptor potential cation channel subfamily M 7 (TRPM7) is a Mg transporter with both channel and kinase function. In this study, we focused on the kinase role of TRPM7 in HypoMg-induced seizures and death. Wild type C57BL/6J mice and transgenic mice with a global homozygous mutation in the TRPM7 kinase domain (TRPM7K1646R, with no kinase function) were fed with control diet or a HypoMg diet. After 6 weeks of HypoMg diet, mice had significantly decreased serum Mg, elevated brain TRPM7, and a significant rate of death, with females being most susceptible. Deaths were immediately preceded by seizure events. TRPM7K1646R mice showed resistance to seizure-induced death. HypoMg-induced brain inflammation and oxidative stress were suppressed by TRPM7K1646R. Compared to their male counterparts, HypoMg female mice had higher levels of inflammation and oxidative stress in the hippocampus. We concluded that TRPM7 kinase function contributes seizure-induced deaths in HypoMg mice and that inhibiting the kinase reduced inflammation and oxidative stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Man Liu
- Cardiovascular Division, Department of Medicine, The Lillehei Heart Institute, University of Minnesota at Twin Cities, 2231 6th Street SE, CCRB 4-141, Minneapolis, MN, 55455, USA
| | - Hong Liu
- Cardiovascular Division, Department of Medicine, The Lillehei Heart Institute, University of Minnesota at Twin Cities, 2231 6th Street SE, CCRB 4-141, Minneapolis, MN, 55455, USA
| | - Feng Feng
- Cardiovascular Division, Department of Medicine, The Lillehei Heart Institute, University of Minnesota at Twin Cities, 2231 6th Street SE, CCRB 4-141, Minneapolis, MN, 55455, USA
| | - Esther Krook-Magnuson
- Department of Neuroscience, University of Minnesota at Twin Cities, Minneapolis, MN, USA
| | - Samuel C Dudley
- Cardiovascular Division, Department of Medicine, The Lillehei Heart Institute, University of Minnesota at Twin Cities, 2231 6th Street SE, CCRB 4-141, Minneapolis, MN, 55455, USA.
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4
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Song C, Zhao J, Hao J, Mi D, Zhang J, Liu Y, Wu S, Gao F, Jiang W. Aminoprocalcitonin protects against hippocampal neuronal death via preserving oxidative phosphorylation in refractory status epilepticus. Cell Death Discov 2023; 9:144. [PMID: 37142587 PMCID: PMC10160063 DOI: 10.1038/s41420-023-01445-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2023] [Revised: 04/19/2023] [Accepted: 04/21/2023] [Indexed: 05/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Refractory status epilepticus (RSE) is a neurological emergency where sustaining seizure causes severe neuronal death. Currently, there is no available neuroprotectant effective in RSE. Aminoprocalcitonin (NPCT) is a conserved peptide cleaved from procalcitonin, but its distribution and function in the brain remain enigmatic. Survival of neurons relies on sufficient energy supply. Recently, we found that NPCT was extensively distributed in the brain and had potent modulations on neuronal oxidative phosphorylation (OXPHOS), suggesting that NPCT might be involved in neuronal death by regulating energy status. In the present study, combining biochemical and histological methods, high-throughput RNA-sequence, Seahorse XFe analyser, an array of mitochondria function assays, and behavior-electroencephalogram (EEG) monitoring, we investigated the roles and translational values of NPCT in neuronal death after RSE. We found that NPCT was extensively distributed throughout gray matters in rat brain while RSE triggered NPCT overexpression in hippocampal CA3 pyramidal neurons. High-throughput RNA-sequence demonstrated that the influences of NPCT on primary hippocampal neurons were enriched in OXPHOS. Further function assays verified that NPCT facilitated ATP production, enhanced the activities of mitochondrial respiratory chain complexes I, IV, V, and increased neuronal maximal respiration capacity. NPCT exerted multiple neurotrophic effects including facilitating synaptogenesis, neuritogenesis, spinogenesis, and suppression of caspase-3. A polyclonal NPCT immunoneutralization antibody was developed to antagonize NPCT. In the in vitro 0-Mg2+ seizure model, immunoneutralization of NPCT caused more neuronal death, while exogenous NPCT supplementation, though did not reverse death outcomes, preserved mitochondrial membrane potential. In rat RSE model, both peripheral and intracerebroventricular immunoneutralization of NPCT exacerbated hippocampal neuronal death and peripheral immunoneutralization increased mortality. Intracerebroventricular immunoneutralization of NPCT further led to more serious hippocampal ATP depletion, and significant EEG power exhaustion. We conclude that NPCT is a neuropeptide regulating neuronal OXPHOS. During RSE, NPCT was overexpressed to protect hippocampal neuronal survival via facilitating energy supply.
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Affiliation(s)
- Changgeng Song
- Department of Neurology, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, 169 Chang Le Xi Road, Xi'an, 710032, Shaanxi, China
| | - Jingjing Zhao
- Department of Neurology, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, 169 Chang Le Xi Road, Xi'an, 710032, Shaanxi, China
| | - Jianmin Hao
- Department of Neurology, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, 169 Chang Le Xi Road, Xi'an, 710032, Shaanxi, China
| | - Dan Mi
- Department of Neurology, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, 169 Chang Le Xi Road, Xi'an, 710032, Shaanxi, China
| | - Jiajia Zhang
- National Translational Science Centre for Molecular Medicine & Department of Cell Biology, Fourth Military Medical University, 169 Chang Le Xi Road, Xi'an, 710032, Shaanxi, China
| | - Yingying Liu
- Department of Neurobiology, Institute of Neurosciences, School of Basic Medicine, Fourth Military Medical University, 169 Chang Le Xi Road, Xi'an, 710032, Shaanxi, China
| | - Shengxi Wu
- Department of Neurobiology, Institute of Neurosciences, School of Basic Medicine, Fourth Military Medical University, 169 Chang Le Xi Road, Xi'an, 710032, Shaanxi, China
| | - Fang Gao
- Department of Neurobiology, Institute of Neurosciences, School of Basic Medicine, Fourth Military Medical University, 169 Chang Le Xi Road, Xi'an, 710032, Shaanxi, China.
| | - Wen Jiang
- Department of Neurology, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, 169 Chang Le Xi Road, Xi'an, 710032, Shaanxi, China.
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5
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Biomarkers of Frailty: miRNAs as Common Signatures of Impairment in Cognitive and Physical Domains. BIOLOGY 2022; 11:biology11081151. [PMID: 36009778 PMCID: PMC9405439 DOI: 10.3390/biology11081151] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2022] [Revised: 07/26/2022] [Accepted: 07/27/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
The past years have seen an increasing concern about frailty, owing to the growing number of elderly people and the major impact of this syndrome on health and social care. The identification of frail people passes through the use of different tests and biomarkers, whose concerted analysis helps to stratify the populations of patients according to their risk profile. However, their efficiency in prognosis and their capability to reflect the multisystemic impairment of frailty is discussed. Recent works propose the use of miRNAs as biological hallmarks of physiological impairment in different organismal districts. Changes in miRNAs expression have been described in biological processes associated with phenotypic outcomes of frailty, opening intriguing possibilities for their use as biomarkers of fragility. Here, with the aim of finding reliable biomarkers of frailty, while considering its complex nature, we revised the current literature on the field, for uncovering miRNAs shared across physical and cognitive frailty domains. By applying in silico analyses, we retrieved the top-ranked shared miRNAs and their targets, finally prioritizing the most significant ones. From this analysis, ten miRNAs emerged which converge into two main biological processes: inflammation and energy homeostasis. Such markers, if validated, may offer promising capabilities for early diagnosis of frailty in the elderly population.
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6
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Campbell A, Morris G, Sanfeliu A, Augusto J, Langa E, Kesavan JC, Nguyen NT, Conroy RM, Worm J, Kielpinski L, Jensen MA, Miller MT, Kremer T, Reschke CR, Henshall DC. AntimiR targeting of microRNA-134 reduces seizures in a mouse model of Angelman syndrome. MOLECULAR THERAPY. NUCLEIC ACIDS 2022; 28:514-529. [PMID: 35592499 PMCID: PMC9092865 DOI: 10.1016/j.omtn.2022.04.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2021] [Accepted: 04/15/2022] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Abstract
Angelman syndrome (AS) is a severe neurodevelopmental disorder featuring ataxia, cognitive impairment, and drug-resistant epilepsy. AS is caused by mutations or deletion of the maternal copy of the paternally imprinted UBE3A gene, with current precision therapy approaches focusing on re-expression of UBE3A. Certain phenotypes, however, are difficult to rescue beyond early development. Notably, a cluster of microRNA binding sites was reported in the untranslated Ube3a1 transcript, including for miR-134, suggesting that AS may be associated with microRNA dysregulation. Here, we report levels of miR-134 and key targets are normal in the hippocampus of mice carrying a maternal deletion of Ube3a (Ube3a m-/p+ ). Nevertheless, intracerebroventricular injection of an antimiR oligonucleotide inhibitor of miR-134 (Ant-134) reduced audiogenic seizure severity over multiple trials in 21- and 42-day-old AS mice. Interestingly, Ant-134 also improved distance traveled and center crossings of AS mice in the open-field test. Finally, we show that silencing miR-134 can upregulate targets of miR-134 in neurons differentiated from Angelman patient-derived induced pluripotent stem cells. These findings indicate that silencing miR-134 and possibly other microRNAs could be useful to treat clinically relevant phenotypes with a later developmental window in AS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aoife Campbell
- Department of Physiology and Medical Physics, RCSI University of Medicine and Health Sciences, Dublin D02 YN77, Ireland.,FutureNeuro, The SFI Research Centre for Chronic and Rare Neurological Diseases, RCSI University of Medicine and Health Sciences, Dublin D02 YN77, Ireland
| | - Gareth Morris
- Department of Physiology and Medical Physics, RCSI University of Medicine and Health Sciences, Dublin D02 YN77, Ireland.,FutureNeuro, The SFI Research Centre for Chronic and Rare Neurological Diseases, RCSI University of Medicine and Health Sciences, Dublin D02 YN77, Ireland
| | - Albert Sanfeliu
- Department of Physiology and Medical Physics, RCSI University of Medicine and Health Sciences, Dublin D02 YN77, Ireland.,FutureNeuro, The SFI Research Centre for Chronic and Rare Neurological Diseases, RCSI University of Medicine and Health Sciences, Dublin D02 YN77, Ireland
| | - Joana Augusto
- Department of Physiology and Medical Physics, RCSI University of Medicine and Health Sciences, Dublin D02 YN77, Ireland.,FutureNeuro, The SFI Research Centre for Chronic and Rare Neurological Diseases, RCSI University of Medicine and Health Sciences, Dublin D02 YN77, Ireland
| | - Elena Langa
- Department of Physiology and Medical Physics, RCSI University of Medicine and Health Sciences, Dublin D02 YN77, Ireland.,FutureNeuro, The SFI Research Centre for Chronic and Rare Neurological Diseases, RCSI University of Medicine and Health Sciences, Dublin D02 YN77, Ireland
| | - Jaideep C Kesavan
- Department of Physiology and Medical Physics, RCSI University of Medicine and Health Sciences, Dublin D02 YN77, Ireland.,FutureNeuro, The SFI Research Centre for Chronic and Rare Neurological Diseases, RCSI University of Medicine and Health Sciences, Dublin D02 YN77, Ireland
| | - Ngoc T Nguyen
- Department of Physiology and Medical Physics, RCSI University of Medicine and Health Sciences, Dublin D02 YN77, Ireland.,FutureNeuro, The SFI Research Centre for Chronic and Rare Neurological Diseases, RCSI University of Medicine and Health Sciences, Dublin D02 YN77, Ireland
| | - Ronan M Conroy
- Department of Public Health and Epidemiology, RCSI University of Medicine and Health Sciences, Dublin D02 YN77, Ireland
| | - Jesper Worm
- Therapeutic Modalities, Roche Innovation Center Copenhagen A/S, F. Hoffmann-La Roche Ltd, DK-2970 Hørsholm, Denmark
| | - Lukasz Kielpinski
- Therapeutic Modalities, Roche Innovation Center Copenhagen A/S, F. Hoffmann-La Roche Ltd, DK-2970 Hørsholm, Denmark
| | - Mads Aaboe Jensen
- Therapeutic Modalities, Roche Innovation Center Copenhagen A/S, F. Hoffmann-La Roche Ltd, DK-2970 Hørsholm, Denmark
| | - Meghan T Miller
- Neuroscience and Rare Diseases Discovery and Translational Area, Roche Innovation Center Basel, F. Hoffmann-La Roche Ltd, CH-4070 Basel, Switzerland
| | - Thomas Kremer
- Neuroscience and Rare Diseases Discovery and Translational Area, Roche Innovation Center Basel, F. Hoffmann-La Roche Ltd, CH-4070 Basel, Switzerland
| | - Cristina R Reschke
- Department of Physiology and Medical Physics, RCSI University of Medicine and Health Sciences, Dublin D02 YN77, Ireland.,FutureNeuro, The SFI Research Centre for Chronic and Rare Neurological Diseases, RCSI University of Medicine and Health Sciences, Dublin D02 YN77, Ireland.,School of Pharmacy and Biomedical Sciences, RCSI University of Medicine and Health Sciences, Dublin D02 YN77, Ireland
| | - David C Henshall
- Department of Physiology and Medical Physics, RCSI University of Medicine and Health Sciences, Dublin D02 YN77, Ireland.,FutureNeuro, The SFI Research Centre for Chronic and Rare Neurological Diseases, RCSI University of Medicine and Health Sciences, Dublin D02 YN77, Ireland
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7
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Jouza M, Bohosova J, Stanikova A, Pecl J, Slaby O, Jabandziev P. MicroRNA as an Early Biomarker of Neonatal Sepsis. Front Pediatr 2022; 10:854324. [PMID: 35615626 PMCID: PMC9125080 DOI: 10.3389/fped.2022.854324] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2022] [Accepted: 04/18/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Sepsis is a major cause of lethality in neonatal intensive care units. Despite significant advances in neonatal care and growing scientific knowledge about the disease, 4 of every 10 infants born in developed countries and suffering from sepsis die or experience considerable disability, including substantial and permanent neurodevelopmental impairment. Pharmacological treatment strategies for neonatal sepsis remain limited and mainly based upon early initiation of antibiotics and supportive treatment. In this context, numerous clinical and serum-based markers have been evaluated for diagnosing sepsis and evaluating its severity and etiology. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) do not encode for proteins but regulate gene expression by inhibiting the translation or transcription of their target mRNAs. Recently, it was demonstrated in adult patients that miRNAs are released into the circulation and that the spectrum of circulating miRNAs is altered during various pathologic conditions, such as inflammation, infection, and sepsis. Here, we summarize current findings on the role of circulating miRNAs in the diagnosis and staging of neonatal sepsis. The conclusions point to substantial diagnostic potential, and several miRNAs have been validated independently by different teams, namely miR-16a, miR-16, miR-96-5p, miR-141, miR-181a, and miR-1184.
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Affiliation(s)
- Martin Jouza
- Department of Pediatrics, University Hospital Brno, Brno, Czechia.,Faculty of Medicine, Masaryk University, Brno, Czechia
| | - Julia Bohosova
- Central European Institute of Technology, Masaryk University, Brno, Czechia
| | - Andrea Stanikova
- Faculty of Medicine, Masaryk University, Brno, Czechia.,Department of Neonatology, University Hospital Brno, Brno, Czechia
| | - Jakub Pecl
- Department of Pediatrics, University Hospital Brno, Brno, Czechia.,Faculty of Medicine, Masaryk University, Brno, Czechia
| | - Ondrej Slaby
- Central European Institute of Technology, Masaryk University, Brno, Czechia.,Department of Biology, Faculty of Medicine, Masaryk University, Brno, Czechia
| | - Petr Jabandziev
- Department of Pediatrics, University Hospital Brno, Brno, Czechia.,Faculty of Medicine, Masaryk University, Brno, Czechia.,Central European Institute of Technology, Masaryk University, Brno, Czechia
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8
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Bohosova J, Vajcner J, Jabandziev P, Oslejskova H, Slaby O, Aulicka S. MicroRNAs in the development of resistance to antiseizure drugs and their potential as biomarkers in pharmacoresistant epilepsy. Epilepsia 2021; 62:2573-2588. [PMID: 34486106 DOI: 10.1111/epi.17063] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2021] [Revised: 08/25/2021] [Accepted: 08/25/2021] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
Although many new antiseizure drugs have been developed in the past decade, approximately 30%-40% of patients remain pharmacoresistant. There are no clinical tools or guidelines for predicting therapeutic response in individual patients, leaving them no choice other than to try all antiseizure drugs available as they suffer debilitating seizures with no relief. The discovery of predictive biomarkers and early identification of pharmacoresistant patients is of the highest priority in this group. MicroRNAs (miRNAs), a class of short noncoding RNAs negatively regulating gene expression, have emerged in recent years in epilepsy, following a broader trend of their exploitation as biomarkers of various complex human diseases. We performed a systematic search of the PubMed database for original research articles focused on miRNA expression level profiling in patients with drug-resistant epilepsy or drug-resistant precilinical models and cell cultures. In this review, we summarize 17 publications concerning miRNAs as potential new biomarkers of resistance to antiseizure drugs and their potential role in the development of drug resistance or epilepsy. Although numerous knowledge gaps need to be filled and reviewed, and articles share some study design pitfalls, several miRNAs dysregulated in brain tissue and blood serum were identified independently by more than one paper. These results suggest a unique opportunity for disease monitoring and personalized therapeutic management in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julia Bohosova
- Central European Institute of Technology, Masaryk University, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Jiri Vajcner
- Department of Pediatric Neurology, Brno Epilepsy Center, University Hospital, Faculty of Medicine, Masaryk University, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Petr Jabandziev
- Central European Institute of Technology, Masaryk University, Brno, Czech Republic.,Department of Pediatrics, University Hospital, Faculty of Medicine, Masaryk University, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Hana Oslejskova
- Department of Pediatric Neurology, Brno Epilepsy Center, University Hospital, Faculty of Medicine, Masaryk University, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Ondrej Slaby
- Central European Institute of Technology, Masaryk University, Brno, Czech Republic.,Department of Biology, Faculty of Medicine, Masaryk University, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Stefania Aulicka
- Central European Institute of Technology, Masaryk University, Brno, Czech Republic.,Department of Pediatric Neurology, Brno Epilepsy Center, University Hospital, Faculty of Medicine, Masaryk University, Brno, Czech Republic
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9
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Zhu Z, Wang S, Cao Q, Li G. CircUBQLN1 Promotes Proliferation but Inhibits Apoptosis and Oxidative Stress of Hippocampal Neurons in Epilepsy via the miR-155-Mediated SOX7 Upregulation. J Mol Neurosci 2021; 71:1933-1943. [PMID: 33835399 DOI: 10.1007/s12031-021-01838-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2020] [Accepted: 03/31/2021] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
Circular RNAs (circRNAs) have key roles in a variety of neurological diseases, including epilepsy. This objective of this study was to perform the functional exploration and mechanism investigation of circRNA Ubiquilin1 (circUBQLN1) in epilepsy. Epilepsy cell model was established by the treatment of Mg2+-free in human neurons-hippocampal (HN-h) cells. The quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR) was used for the expression analysis of circUBQLN1, linear-UBQLN1, microRNA-155 (miR-155), and sex-determining region Y-box 7 (SOX7). Proliferation detection was completed using Cell Counting Kit-8 (CCK-8) assay. Apoptosis analysis was conducted by flow cytometry and caspase-3 assay. Oxidative stress was assessed through determining the levels of superoxide dismutase (SOD) and malondialdehyde (MDA). Target analysis was performed by dual-luciferase reporter and RNA pull-down assays. SOX7 protein level was examined by Western blot. CircUBQLN1 was downregulated in epilepsy samples and Mg2+-free-induced cell model. Functional analysis in vitro suggested that circUBQLN1 overexpression facilitated proliferation but reduced apoptosis and oxidative stress in Mg2+-free-treated HN-h cells. Target analysis showed that circUBQLN1 acted as a miR-155 sponge and miR-155-targeted SOX7. Moreover, circUBQLN1 could combine with miR-155 to regulate the SOX7 expression. Reverted assays indicated that circUBQLN1 overexpression alleviated the Mg2+-free-induced nerve injury by sponging miR-155, and knockdown of SOX7 abrogated the protective function of in-miR-155 or circUBQLN1 in the Mg2+-free-treated HN-h cells. Our data revealed that circUBQLN1 prevented nerve injury in Mg2+-free-treated HN-h cells by regulating the miR-155/SOX7 axis, showing that circUBQLN1 might be used as a biomolecular target for the treatment of epilepsy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhujun Zhu
- Department of Neurology, The First People's Hospital of Jintan District, Changzhou City, 213200, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Sihong Wang
- Department of Neurology, The First People's Hospital of Jintan District, Changzhou City, 213200, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Qi Cao
- Department of Neurology, Changzhou Third People's Hospital, Changzhou, 213000, Jiangsu, China
| | - Gang Li
- Department of Neurology, Changzhou Third People's Hospital, Changzhou, 213000, Jiangsu, China.
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10
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Liu X, Geng J, Guo H, Zhao H, Ai Y. Propofol inhibited apoptosis of hippocampal neurons in status epilepticus through miR-15a-5p/NR2B/ERK1/2 pathway. Cell Cycle 2020; 19:1000-1011. [PMID: 32212891 DOI: 10.1080/15384101.2020.1743909] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Although a previous study reported that propofol had a therapeutic effect in status epilepticus (SE), the mechanisms underlying the effect of propofol in SE remain unclear. The aim of this study was to explore the regulatory mechanisms underlying propofol-induced inhibition of SE.A rat SE model was established using the lithium-pilocarpine injection method. A qRT-PCR and Western blot were utilized to detect the expression of relative molecules. Cell apoptosis was evaluated by a flow cytometry assay. The interaction between miR-15a-5p and NR2B was assessed using a luciferase reporter assay.Propofol inhibited cell apoptosis and increased miR-15a-5p expression both in hippocampal tissues of SE rats and low Mg2+-induced hippocampal neurons. Propofol-induced attenuation of apoptosis of low Mg2+-induced hippocampal neurons was mediated by miR-15a-5p. miR-15a-5p targeted NR2B and negatively regulated its expression. Propofol downregulated NR2B expression, mediated by miR-15a-5p. In terms of the mechanism of action, propofol suppressed the apoptosis of Mg2+-induced hippocampal neurons through the miR-15a-5p/NR2B/ERK1/2 pathway. In vivo experiment suggested that propofol inhibited the apoptosis of hippocampal neurons in SE rats by upregulating miR-15a-5p.In terms of the molecular mechanism of propofol, it appears to inhibit apoptosis of hippocampal neurons in SE through the miR-15a-5p/NR2B/ERK1/2 pathway. The findings provide theoretical support for propofol treatment of SE.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xing Liu
- Department of Anaesthesiology, Pain and Perioperative Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Jiefeng Geng
- Department of Neurosurgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Haiming Guo
- Department of Anaesthesiology, Pain and Perioperative Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Huaping Zhao
- Department of Anaesthesiology, Pain and Perioperative Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Yanqiu Ai
- Department of Anaesthesiology, Pain and Perioperative Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
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11
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Li Y, Lu X, Nie J, Hu P, Ge F, Yuan TF, Guan X. MicroRNA134 of Ventral Hippocampus Is Involved in Cocaine Extinction-Induced Anxiety-like and Depression-like Behaviors in Mice. MOLECULAR THERAPY. NUCLEIC ACIDS 2020; 19:937-950. [PMID: 32004865 PMCID: PMC6994828 DOI: 10.1016/j.omtn.2019.12.030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2019] [Revised: 12/24/2019] [Accepted: 12/24/2019] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
We previously found that cocaine abuse could increase microRNA134 (miR134) levels in the hippocampus; yet the roles of miR134 in cocaine-related abnormal psychiatric outcomes remain unknown. In this study, using the cocaine-induced conditioned place preference (CPP) mice model, we found that mice exhibit enhanced anxiety-like and depression-like behaviors during the cocaine extinction (CE) period of CPP, accompanied by obviously increased miR134 levels and decreased levels of 19 genes that are associated with synaptic plasticity, glia activity, and neurochemical microenvironments, in the ventral hippocampus (vHP). Knockdown of miR134 in vHP in vivo reversed the changes in 15 of 19 potential gene targets of miR134 and rescued the abnormal anxiety-like and depression-like behavioral outcomes in CE mice. In parallel, knockdown of miR134 reversed CE-induced changes in dendritic spines and synaptic proteins and increased the field excitatory postsynaptic potential (fEPSP) of CA1 pyramidal neurons in the vHP of CE mice. In addition, knockdown of miR134 suppressed the CE-enhanced microglia activity, inflammatory, apoptotic, and oxidative stress statuses in the vHP. With the data taken together, miR134 may be involved in cocaine-associated psychiatric problems, potentially via regulating the expressions of its gene targets that are related to synaptic plasticity and neurochemical microenvironments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuehan Li
- Department of Human Anatomy and Histoembryology, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China; Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Pharmacology and Safety Evaluation of Chinese Materia Medica, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China
| | - Xue Lu
- Department of Human Anatomy and Histoembryology, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China
| | - Jiaxun Nie
- Department of Human Anatomy and Histoembryology, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China
| | - Panpan Hu
- Department of Human Anatomy, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Feifei Ge
- Department of Human Anatomy and Histoembryology, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China; Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Pharmacology and Safety Evaluation of Chinese Materia Medica, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China.
| | - Ti-Fei Yuan
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Psychotic Disorders, Shanghai Mental Health Center, Shanghai Jiaotong University, Shanghai, China.
| | - Xiaowei Guan
- Department of Human Anatomy and Histoembryology, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China; Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Pharmacology and Safety Evaluation of Chinese Materia Medica, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China.
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12
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Li Y, Wang C, Lian Y, Zhang H, Meng X, Yu M, Li Y, Xie N. Role of the mitochondrial calcium uniporter in Mg 2+-free-induced epileptic hippocampal neuronal apoptosis. Int J Neurosci 2020; 130:1024-1032. [PMID: 31933404 DOI: 10.1080/00207454.2020.1715978] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE Mitochondrial Ca2+ overload is closely associated with seizure-induced neuronal damage. The mitochondrial calcium uniporter (MCU) plays a crucial role in regulating mitochondrial Ca2+ homeostasis. However, the role of the MCU in seizure-induced neuronal damage remains elusive. Materials and methods: In this study, the hippocampal neuronal culture (HNC) model of acquired epilepsy (AE) was used to investigate the role of the MCU in seizure-induced neuronal injury. Results: We found an increase in mitochondrial Ca2+ concentration in the HNC model of AE. The MCU inhibitor, Ru360, significantly reduced the rate of seizure-induced cell apoptosis and mitochondrial reactive oxygen species (ROS) production; whereas, the MCU agonist, spermine, exacerbated these processes. In addition, Ru360 significantly attenuated seizure-induced endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress, which is characterized by the expression of glucose-regulated protein 78 (GRP78) and C/-EBP homologous protein (CHOP), while spermine had the opposite effect. We also found that pre-treatment with the mitochondria-targeted antioxidant, mitoquinone, decreased GRP78 and CHOP expression. Moreover, knockdown of CHOP using CHOP-specific small interfering RNA reduced neuronal seizure-induced apoptosis. Conclusions: Taken together, our data indicate that MCU inhibition has a neuroprotective effect against seizure-induced neuronal damage and that this mechanism may involve reduction of ROS-mediated ER stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yingjiao Li
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Cui Wang
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Yajun Lian
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Haifeng Zhang
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Xianghe Meng
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Mengyan Yu
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Yujuan Li
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Nanchang Xie
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
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13
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Zhou Y, Guo X, Chen W, Liu J. Angelica polysaccharide mitigates lipopolysaccharide-evoked inflammatory injury by regulating microRNA-10a in neuronal cell line HT22. ARTIFICIAL CELLS NANOMEDICINE AND BIOTECHNOLOGY 2019; 47:3194-3201. [PMID: 31353963 DOI: 10.1080/21691401.2019.1614595] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Yuni Zhou
- Department of Neurology, Jining Psychiatric Hospital, Jining, China
| | - Xiaoqian Guo
- Department of Neurology, Jining No.1 People’s Hospital, Jining, China
| | - Weimei Chen
- Department of Neurology, Jining No.1 People’s Hospital, Jining, China
| | - Jun Liu
- Department of Neurosurgery, Jining No.1 People’s Hospital, Jining, China
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14
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Morris G, Reschke CR, Henshall DC. Targeting microRNA-134 for seizure control and disease modification in epilepsy. EBioMedicine 2019; 45:646-654. [PMID: 31300345 PMCID: PMC6642437 DOI: 10.1016/j.ebiom.2019.07.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2019] [Revised: 07/03/2019] [Accepted: 07/03/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
MicroRNA-134 is a brain-enriched small noncoding RNA that has been implicated in diverse neuronal functions, including regulating network excitability. Increased expression of microRNA-134 has been reported in several experimental epilepsy models and in resected brain tissue from temporal lobe epilepsy patients. Rodent studies have demonstrated that reducing microRNA-134 expression in the brain using antisense oligonucleotides can increase seizure thresholds and attenuate status epilepticus. Critically, inhibition of microRNA-134 after status epilepticus can potently reduce the occurrence of spontaneous recurrent seizures. Altered plasma levels of microRNA-134 have been reported in epilepsy patients, suggesting microRNA-134 may have diagnostic value as a biomarker. This review summarises findings on the cellular functions of microRNA-134, as well as the preclinical evidence supporting anti-seizure and disease-modifying effects of targeting microRNA-134 in epilepsy. Finally, we draw attention to unanswered questions and some of the challenges and opportunities involved in preclinical development of a microRNA-based oligonucleotide treatment for epilepsy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gareth Morris
- Department of Physiology and Medical Physics, Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland, Dublin, Ireland; FutureNeuro Research Centre, Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Cristina R Reschke
- Department of Physiology and Medical Physics, Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland, Dublin, Ireland; FutureNeuro Research Centre, Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland, Dublin, Ireland
| | - David C Henshall
- Department of Physiology and Medical Physics, Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland, Dublin, Ireland; FutureNeuro Research Centre, Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland, Dublin, Ireland.
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15
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Chen DZ, Wang WW, Chen YL, Yang XF, Zhao M, Yang YY. miR‑128 is upregulated in epilepsy and promotes apoptosis through the SIRT1 cascade. Int J Mol Med 2019; 44:694-704. [PMID: 31173166 DOI: 10.3892/ijmm.2019.4223] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/26/2017] [Accepted: 03/20/2019] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
Abstract
The present study aimed to examine the functional and molecular effects of miR‑128 in epilepsy, in order to investigate its potential protective mechanisms. Firstly, miR‑128 expression in rats with lithium chloride‑induced epilepsy was demonstrated to be increased compared with the control rats. Subsequently, results from an in vitro epilepsy model demonstrated that overexpression of miR‑128 promoted nerve cell apoptosis, increased the protein expression of tumor protein p53, BCL2 associated X (Bax) and Cytochrome c, and enhanced caspase‑3/9 activity, whereas it suppressed the protein expression of sirtuin 1 (SIRT1). In addition, these alterations may be reversed by the downregulation of miR‑128. Furthermore, treatment with CAY10602, a SIRT1 agonist, reduced the effects of miR‑128 on nerve cells in vitro. Treatment with pifithrin‑β hydrobromide, a p53 inhibitor, was additionally able to mitigate the effects of miR‑128 in vitro. In conclusion, the present findings indicated that anti‑miR‑128 may exert neuroprotective effects in epilepsy, through the SIRT1/p53/Bax/Cytochrome c/caspase signaling pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- De-Zhe Chen
- Department of Neurology, Liaocheng People's Hospital, Liaocheng, Shandong 252000, P.R. China
| | - Wei-Wei Wang
- Department of Neurology, Liaocheng People's Hospital, Liaocheng, Shandong 252000, P.R. China
| | - Yan-Ling Chen
- Department of Neurology, Liaocheng People's Hospital, Liaocheng, Shandong 252000, P.R. China
| | - Xia-Feng Yang
- Department of Neurology, Liaocheng People's Hospital, Liaocheng, Shandong 252000, P.R. China
| | - Min Zhao
- Department of Neurology, Liaocheng People's Hospital, Liaocheng, Shandong 252000, P.R. China
| | - Yan-Yan Yang
- Department of Neurology, Taishan Medical University, Taian, Shandong 271016, P.R. China
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16
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Morris G, Brennan GP, Reschke CR, Henshall DC, Schorge S. Spared CA1 pyramidal neuron function and hippocampal performance following antisense knockdown of microRNA-134. Epilepsia 2018; 59:1518-1526. [PMID: 29978460 PMCID: PMC6099438 DOI: 10.1111/epi.14475] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 05/31/2018] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
Objective Inhibition of microRNA‐134 by an oligonucleotide antagomir (ant‐134) has been shown to produce powerful antiseizure effects in multiple models of epilepsy. However, to successfully translate the treatment to the clinic, it is important to assess what potential adverse effects it may have on naive brain tissue. Methods To investigate this, adult male Sprague‐Dawley rats were treated with either ant‐134 or a scrambled control sequence. Animals were later assessed for spatial navigation, before ex vivo slices were taken to assess the effects of microRNA‐134 knockdown on well‐defined measures of intrinsic and synaptic properties. Results Hippocampal field potential recordings determined that silencing of microRNA‐134 by ant‐134 injection was associated with a reduction in epileptiform activity following application of 9 mmol/L K+. Nevertheless, rats performed normally in the novel object location test. Action potential waveforms and miniature excitatory synaptic currents recorded in CA1 pyramidal neurons were unaffected by ant‐134. Significance These results demonstrate that ant‐134 confers a seizure‐protective effect without obvious interference with hippocampal neuronal properties or network function. These findings support further development of this novel approach to epilepsy treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gareth Morris
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Epilepsy, Institute of Neurology, University College London, London, UK
| | - Gary P Brennan
- Department of Physiology, Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland, Dublin, Ireland.,FutureNeuro Research Centre, RCSI, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Cristina R Reschke
- Department of Physiology, Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland, Dublin, Ireland.,FutureNeuro Research Centre, RCSI, Dublin, Ireland
| | - David C Henshall
- Department of Physiology, Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland, Dublin, Ireland.,FutureNeuro Research Centre, RCSI, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Stephanie Schorge
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Epilepsy, Institute of Neurology, University College London, London, UK.,School of Pharmacy, University College London, London, UK
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17
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Ma Y. The Challenge of microRNA as a Biomarker of Epilepsy. Curr Neuropharmacol 2018; 16:37-42. [PMID: 28676013 PMCID: PMC5771381 DOI: 10.2174/1570159x15666170703102410] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2017] [Revised: 03/28/2017] [Accepted: 04/27/2017] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Epilepsy is one of chronic severe neurological disorders possess to recurring seizures. And now anti-epileptic drugs are only effective in less than one third of epilepsy patients, and biomarkers predicting are not available when the specific antiepileptic drugs treated. Advanced studies have showed that miRNA may be a key in the pathogenesis of epilepsy beginning in the early 2000 years. Several target genes and pathways of miRNA which related to the therapeutic methods to epilepsy. METHOD We searched PubMed from Jan 1,2000 to Jan 1, 2017, using the terms "epilepsy AND microRNA AND biomarker" and "seizure AND microRNA AND biomarker". We selected articles that featured novel miRNAs in vivo epilepsy models and patients. We then selected the most relevant articles based on a subjective appraisal of their quality and mechanistic insight that could be relevant to epilepsy. RESULTS Decrease the expression of has-miR134 could be a potential non-invasive biomarker to use in diagnosis for the epilepsy patients for using hsa-miR-134 also be identified to distinguish patients with and without epilepsy. miR-181a show significant downregulation in the acute stage, but up regulation in the chronic stage and in the latent stage there is no changing and how about this phenomenon appearance in different stage still should be discussed in the future. Besides that, miR- 146a can down-regulated in the patients using genome-wide for serum in circulating miRNAs.miR- 124, miR-199a, and miR-128 etc. could be a candidate for the biomarker in future. miR-15a-5p and -194-5p down-regulated in epilepsy patients, in the future, it may be used as a novel biomarker for improve diagnosis. CONCLUSION These observations give a chance that new development for diagnosis and treatment of epilepsy patients. Advanced technique and miRNA combination may product more effective roles in epilepsy and other disease. These reports will be available to solve the application of miRNAs as biomarkers and novel therapy approaches for epilepsy. In summary, researcher who focus on miRNAs should be understanding of the causes, treatment, and diagnosis of epilepsy. exploration of any of these effects on the efficacy of these drugs is worthwhile.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yihong Ma
- Department of Neurology, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto, Japan
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18
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Tiwari D, Peariso K, Gross C. MicroRNA-induced silencing in epilepsy: Opportunities and challenges for clinical application. Dev Dyn 2018; 247:94-110. [PMID: 28850760 PMCID: PMC5740004 DOI: 10.1002/dvdy.24582] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2017] [Revised: 07/20/2017] [Accepted: 08/10/2017] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
MicroRNAs are master regulators of gene expression. Single microRNAs influence multiple proteins within diverse molecular pathways and networks. Therefore, changes in levels or activity of microRNAs can have profound effects on cellular function. This makes dysregulated microRNA-induced silencing an attractive potential disease mechanism in complex disorders like epilepsy, where numerous cellular pathways and processes are affected simultaneously. Indeed, several years of research in rodent models have provided strong evidence that acute or recurrent seizures change microRNA expression and function. Moreover, altered microRNA expression has been observed in brain and blood from patients with various epilepsy disorders, such as tuberous sclerosis. MicroRNAs can be easily manipulated using sense or antisense oligonucleotides, opening up opportunities for therapeutic intervention. Here, we summarize studies using these techniques to identify microRNAs that modulate seizure susceptibility, describe protein targets mediating some of these effects, and discuss cellular pathways, for example neuroinflammation, that are controlled by epilepsy-associated microRNAs. We critically assess current gaps in knowledge regarding target- and cell-specificity of microRNAs that have to be addressed before clinical application as therapeutic targets or biomarkers. The recent progress in understanding microRNA function in epilepsy has generated strong momentum to encourage in-depth mechanistic studies to develop microRNA-targeted therapies. Developmental Dynamics 247:94-110, 2018. © 2017 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
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Affiliation(s)
- Durgesh Tiwari
- Cincinnati Children’s Hospital Medical Center, Division of Neurology, Cincinnati, Ohio
| | - Katrina Peariso
- Cincinnati Children’s Hospital Medical Center, Division of Neurology, Cincinnati, Ohio
- University of Cincinnati, Department of Pediatrics, Cincinnati, Ohio
| | - Christina Gross
- Cincinnati Children’s Hospital Medical Center, Division of Neurology, Cincinnati, Ohio
- University of Cincinnati, Department of Pediatrics, Cincinnati, Ohio
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19
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Morphine Preconditioning Downregulates MicroRNA-134 Expression Against Oxygen-Glucose Deprivation Injuries in Cultured Neurons of Mice. J Neurosurg Anesthesiol 2017; 28:195-202. [PMID: 26372418 DOI: 10.1097/ana.0000000000000204] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Brain protection by narcotics such as morphine is clinically relevant due to the extensive use of narcotics in the perioperative period. Morphine preconditioning induces neuroprotection in neurons, but it remains uncertain whether microRNA-134 (miR-134) is involved in morphine preconditioning against oxygen-glucose deprivation-induced injuries in primary cortical neurons of mice. The present study examined this issue. MATERIALS AND METHODS After cortical neurons of mice were cultured in vitro for 6 days, the neurons were transfected by respective virus vector, such as lentiviral vector (LV)-miR-control-GFP, LV-pre-miR-134-GFP, LV-pre-miR-134-inhibitor-GFP for 24 hours; after being normally cultured for 3 days again, morphine preconditioning was performed by incubating the transfected primary neurons with morphine (3 μM) for 1 hour, and then neuronal cells were exposed to oxygen-glucose deprivation (OGD) for 1 hour and oxygen-glucose recovery for 12 hours. The neuronal cells survival rate and the amount of apoptotic neurons were determined by MTT assay or TUNEL staining at designated time; and the expression levels of miR-134 were detected using real-time reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction at the same time. RESULTS The neuronal cell survival rate was significantly higher, and the amount of apoptotic neurons was significantly decreased in neurons preconditioned with morphine before OGD than that of OGD alone. The neuroprotection induced by morphine preconditioning was partially blocked by upregulating miR-134 expression, and was enhanced by downregulating miR-134 expression. The expression of miR-134 was significantly decreased in morphine-preconditioned neurons alone without transfection. CONCLUSIONS By downregulating miR-134 expression, morphine preconditioning protects primary cortical neurons of mice against injuries induced by OGD.
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20
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Shao Y, Chen Y. Pathophysiology and Clinical Utility of Non-coding RNAs in Epilepsy. Front Mol Neurosci 2017; 10:249. [PMID: 28848386 PMCID: PMC5554344 DOI: 10.3389/fnmol.2017.00249] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2017] [Accepted: 07/25/2017] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Epilepsy is a common neurologic disorder. The underlying pathological processes include synaptic strength, inflammation, ion channels, and apoptosis. Acting as epigenetic factors, non-coding RNAs (ncRNAs) participate in the regulation of pathophysiologic processes of epilepsy and are dysregulated during epileptogenesis. Aberrant expression of ncRNAs are observed in epilepsy patients and animal models of epilepsy. Furthermore, ncRNAs might also be used as biomarkers for diagnosis and the prognosis of treatment response in epilepsy. In this review, we will summarize the role of ncRNAs in the pathophysiology of epilepsy and the putative utilization of ncRNAs as diagnostic biomarkers and therapeutic targets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yiye Shao
- Department of Neurology, Jinshan Hospital, Fudan UniversityShanghai, China.,Department of Neurology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan UniversityShanghai, China
| | - Yinghui Chen
- Department of Neurology, Jinshan Hospital, Fudan UniversityShanghai, China.,Department of Neurology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan UniversityShanghai, China
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21
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Dynamic changes in murine forebrain miR-211 expression associate with cholinergic imbalances and epileptiform activity. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2017; 114:E4996-E5005. [PMID: 28584127 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.1701201114] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Epilepsy is a common neurological disease, manifested in unprovoked recurrent seizures. Epileptogenesis may develop due to genetic or pharmacological origins or following injury, but it remains unclear how the unaffected brain escapes this susceptibility to seizures. Here, we report that dynamic changes in forebrain microRNA (miR)-211 in the mouse brain shift the threshold for spontaneous and pharmacologically induced seizures alongside changes in the cholinergic pathway genes, implicating this miR in the avoidance of seizures. We identified miR-211 as a putative attenuator of cholinergic-mediated seizures by intersecting forebrain miR profiles that were Argonaute precipitated, synaptic vesicle target enriched, or differentially expressed under pilocarpine-induced seizures, and validated TGFBR2 and the nicotinic antiinflammatory acetylcholine receptor nAChRa7 as murine and human miR-211 targets, respectively. To explore the link between miR-211 and epilepsy, we engineered dTg-211 mice with doxycycline-suppressible forebrain overexpression of miR-211. These mice reacted to doxycycline exposure by spontaneous electrocorticography-documented nonconvulsive seizures, accompanied by forebrain accumulation of the convulsive seizures mediating miR-134. RNA sequencing demonstrated in doxycycline-treated dTg-211 cortices overrepresentation of synaptic activity, Ca2+ transmembrane transport, TGFBR2 signaling, and cholinergic synapse pathways. Additionally, a cholinergic dysregulated mouse model overexpressing a miR refractory acetylcholinesterase-R splice variant showed a parallel propensity for convulsions, miR-211 decreases, and miR-134 elevation. Our findings demonstrate that in mice, dynamic miR-211 decreases induce hypersynchronization and nonconvulsive and convulsive seizures, accompanied by expression changes in cholinergic and TGFBR2 pathways as well as in miR-134. Realizing the importance of miR-211 dynamics opens new venues for translational diagnosis of and interference with epilepsy.
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22
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Reschke CR, Silva LFA, Norwood BA, Senthilkumar K, Morris G, Sanz-Rodriguez A, Conroy RM, Costard L, Neubert V, Bauer S, Farrell MA, O'Brien DF, Delanty N, Schorge S, Pasterkamp RJ, Rosenow F, Henshall DC. Potent Anti-seizure Effects of Locked Nucleic Acid Antagomirs Targeting miR-134 in Multiple Mouse and Rat Models of Epilepsy. MOLECULAR THERAPY-NUCLEIC ACIDS 2016; 6:45-56. [PMID: 28325299 PMCID: PMC5363384 DOI: 10.1016/j.omtn.2016.11.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2016] [Revised: 11/29/2016] [Accepted: 11/29/2016] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
Current anti-epileptic drugs (AEDs) act on a limited set of neuronal targets, are ineffective in a third of patients with epilepsy, and do not show disease-modifying properties. MicroRNAs are small noncoding RNAs that regulate levels of proteins by post-transcriptional control of mRNA stability and translation. MicroRNA-134 is involved in controlling neuronal microstructure and brain excitability and previous studies showed that intracerebroventricular injections of locked nucleic acid (LNA), cholesterol-tagged antagomirs targeting microRNA-134 (Ant-134) reduced evoked and spontaneous seizures in mouse models of status epilepticus. Translation of these findings would benefit from evidence of efficacy in non-status epilepticus models and validation in another species. Here, we report that electrographic seizures and convulsive behavior are strongly reduced in adult mice pre-treated with Ant-134 in the pentylenetetrazol model. Pre-treatment with Ant-134 did not affect the severity of status epilepticus induced by perforant pathway stimulation in adult rats, a toxin-free model of acquired epilepsy. Nevertheless, Ant-134 post-treatment reduced the number of rats developing spontaneous seizures by 86% in the perforant pathway stimulation model and Ant-134 delayed epileptiform activity in a rat ex vivo hippocampal slice model. The potent anticonvulsant effects of Ant-134 in multiple models may encourage pre-clinical development of this approach to epilepsy therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cristina R Reschke
- Department of Physiology and Medical Physics, Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland, Dublin D02 YN77, Ireland
| | - Luiz F Almeida Silva
- Department of Physiology and Medical Physics, Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland, Dublin D02 YN77, Ireland
| | - Braxton A Norwood
- Department of Neurology, Philipps University, Marburg 35043, Germany; Department of Neurology, Epilepsy Center Frankfurt Rhine-Main, Goethe University, Frankfurt 60528, Germany
| | - Ketharini Senthilkumar
- Department of Physiology and Medical Physics, Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland, Dublin D02 YN77, Ireland; Department of Translational Neuroscience, Brain Center Rudolf Magnus, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht 3584 CG, the Netherlands
| | - Gareth Morris
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Epilepsy, Institute of Neurology, University College of London, London WC1N 3BG, UK
| | - Amaya Sanz-Rodriguez
- Department of Physiology and Medical Physics, Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland, Dublin D02 YN77, Ireland
| | - Ronán M Conroy
- Department of Epidemiology and Public Health Medicine, Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland, Dublin D02 YN77, Ireland
| | - Lara Costard
- Department of Neurology, Philipps University, Marburg 35043, Germany
| | - Valentin Neubert
- Department of Neurology, Philipps University, Marburg 35043, Germany
| | - Sebastian Bauer
- Department of Neurology, Philipps University, Marburg 35043, Germany; Department of Neurology, Epilepsy Center Frankfurt Rhine-Main, Goethe University, Frankfurt 60528, Germany
| | - Michael A Farrell
- Department of Pathology, Beaumont Hospital, Beaumont, Dublin D09 C562, Ireland
| | - Donncha F O'Brien
- Department of Neurological Surgery, Beaumont Hospital, Beaumont, Dublin D09 C562, Ireland
| | - Norman Delanty
- Department of Neurology, Beaumont Hospital, Beaumont, Dublin D09 C562, Ireland
| | - Stephanie Schorge
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Epilepsy, Institute of Neurology, University College of London, London WC1N 3BG, UK
| | - R Jeroen Pasterkamp
- Department of Translational Neuroscience, Brain Center Rudolf Magnus, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht 3584 CG, the Netherlands
| | - Felix Rosenow
- Department of Neurology, Philipps University, Marburg 35043, Germany; Department of Neurology, Epilepsy Center Frankfurt Rhine-Main, Goethe University, Frankfurt 60528, Germany
| | - David C Henshall
- Department of Physiology and Medical Physics, Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland, Dublin D02 YN77, Ireland.
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23
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Cattani AA, Allene C, Seifert V, Rosenow F, Henshall DC, Freiman TM. Involvement of microRNAs in epileptogenesis. Epilepsia 2016; 57:1015-26. [PMID: 27207608 DOI: 10.1111/epi.13404] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 04/09/2016] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Patients who have sustained brain injury or had developmental brain lesions present a non-negligible risk for developing delayed epilepsy. Finding therapeutic strategies to prevent development of epilepsy in at-risk patients represents a crucial medical challenge. Noncoding microRNA molecules (miRNAs) are promising candidates in this area. Indeed, deregulation of diverse brain-specific miRNAs has been observed in animal models of epilepsy as well as in patients with epilepsy, mostly in temporal lobe epilepsy (TLE). Herein we review deregulated miRNAs reported in epilepsy with potential roles in key molecular and cellular processes underlying epileptogenesis, namely neuroinflammation, cell proliferation and differentiation, migration, apoptosis, and synaptic remodeling. We provide an up-to-date listing of miRNAs altered in epileptogenesis and assess recent functional studies that have interrogated their role in epilepsy. Last, we discuss potential applications of these findings for the future development of disease-modifying therapeutic strategies for antiepileptogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Volker Seifert
- Department of Neurosurgery, Goethe University, Frankfurt, Germany
| | - Felix Rosenow
- Department of Epileptology, Goethe-University, Frankfurt, Germany
| | - David C Henshall
- Physiology & Medical Physics Department, Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Thomas M Freiman
- Department of Neurosurgery, Goethe University, Frankfurt, Germany
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MicroRNA-134 modulates glioma cell U251 proliferation and invasion by targeting KRAS and suppressing the ERK pathway. Tumour Biol 2016; 37:11485-93. [PMID: 27012554 DOI: 10.1007/s13277-016-5027-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2016] [Accepted: 03/18/2016] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Dysregulated microRNA-134 (miR-134) has been observed in glioma carcinogenesis, and studies suggested that the ERK pathway plays vital roles in glioma cell growth and proliferation. However, the fundamental relationship between miR-134 and the ERK pathway in glioma has not been fully explained. As a result, this study was aimed to explore the underlying functions of miR-134 in human glioma. Intentionally overexpressed or inhibited miR-134 expression resulted from the transfection of miR-134 mimics, or miR-134 inhibitor within glioma cell line U251 was detected using RT-PCR. Both cell counting kit-8 (CCK-8) assays and Transwell assays were carried out to clarify the proliferation and invasion of U251 cells transfected with miR-134 mimics or miR-134 inhibitors. Our findings showed that miR-134 was significantly downexpressed in glioma tissues, and low miR-134 expression was significantly related to high histopathological grades. However, upregulated miR-134 expression restrained the proliferation and invasion of U251 cells in vitro. Kirsten rat sarcoma viral oncogene (KRAS), a vital factor for the ERK pathway, was directly targeted by miR-134 through its binding with the 3'-UTR of KRAS in glioma. Furthermore, KRAS expression exhibited a positive correlation with the activity of the ERK pathway. Overexpression of KRAS without 3'-UTR partly offsets the suppressive effect of miR-134 on glioma progression. Our data also indicated that miR-134 negatively modulated glioma progression and upregulated miR-134 triggered aberrant activation of the ERK pathway by targeting KRAS. Therefore, miR-134 might be considered as a benign therapeutic target of glioma.
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Marty V, Labialle S, Bortolin-Cavaillé ML, Ferreira De Medeiros G, Moisan MP, Florian C, Cavaillé J. Deletion of the miR-379/miR-410 gene cluster at the imprintedDlk1-Dio3locus enhances anxiety-related behaviour. Hum Mol Genet 2016; 25:728-39. [DOI: 10.1093/hmg/ddv510] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2015] [Accepted: 12/08/2015] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
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26
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Avoli M, Jefferys JGR. Models of drug-induced epileptiform synchronization in vitro. J Neurosci Methods 2015; 260:26-32. [PMID: 26484784 DOI: 10.1016/j.jneumeth.2015.10.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2015] [Accepted: 10/11/2015] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Models of epileptiform activity in vitro have many advantages for recording and experimental manipulation. Neural tissues can be maintained in vitro for hours, and in neuronal or organotypic slice cultures for several weeks. A variety of drugs and other agents increase activity in these in vitro conditions, in many cases resulting in epileptiform activity, thus providing a direct model of symptomatic seizures. We review these preparations and the experimental manipulations used to induce epileptiform activity. The most common of drugs used are GABAA receptor antagonists and potassium channel blockers (notably 4-aminopyridine). Muscarinic agents also can induce epileptiform synchronization in vitro, and include potassium channel inhibition amongst their cellular actions. Manipulations of extracellular ions are reviewed in another paper in this special issue, as are ex vivo slices prepared from chronically epileptic animals and from people with epilepsy. More complex slices including extensive networks and/or several connected brain structures can provide insights into the dynamics of long range connections during epileptic activity. Visualization of slices also provides opportunities for identification of living neurons and for optical recording/stimulation and manipulation. Overall, the analysis of the epileptiform activity induced in brain tissue in vitro has played a major role in advancing our understanding of the cellular and network mechanisms of epileptiform synchronization, and it is expected to continue to do so in future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Massimo Avoli
- Montreal Neurological Institute and Departments of Neurology & Neurosurgery, and of Physiology, McGill University, Montréal, QC, Canada H3A 2B4; Department of Experimental Medicine, Facoltà di Medicina e Odontoiatria, Sapienza University of Rome, Roma 00185, Italy.
| | - John G R Jefferys
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Oxford, Oxford OX1 3QT, UK
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27
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Shao Y, Yu Y, Zhou Q, Li C, Yang L, Pei CG. Inhibition of miR-134 Protects Against Hydrogen Peroxide-Induced Apoptosis in Retinal Ganglion Cells. J Mol Neurosci 2015; 56:461-71. [PMID: 25744098 DOI: 10.1007/s12031-015-0522-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2015] [Accepted: 02/11/2015] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
MicroRNAs (miRNAs) have been suggested to play an important role in neurological diseases. Particularly, miR-134 is reportedly involved in regulating neuron survival. However, the association between miR-134 and retinal ganglion cell (RGC) survival under adverse stimulus has not been extensively investigated. In this study, we aimed to explore the role and underlying mechanism of miR-134 in regulating RGC apoptosis in response to hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) treatment. Results showed that the expression of miR-134 dose- and time-dependently increased in RGC after H2O2 treatment. H2O2-induced RGC apoptosis was significantly attenuated by the inhibition of miR-134 expression by antagomiR-134 and was enhanced by miR-134 overexpression. Luciferase reporter assay revealed a direct interaction between miR-134 and the 3'-untranslated region of cyclic AMP-response element-binding protein (CREB), a critical transcription factor for neuronal protection. In H2O2-treated RGCs, the inhibition of miR-134 significantly elevated the expression of CREB and its downstream genes, including brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) and Bcl-2. Furthermore, the inhibition of miR-134 also increased the expression of miR-132, a rapid response gene downstream of CREB. In addition, the target gene of miR-132, acetylcholinesterase was expectedly decreased by miR-134 inhibition. However, the overexpression of miR-134 exerted an opposite effect. The knockdown of CREB apparently abolished the protective effect of miR-134 inhibition against H2O2-induced RGC apoptosis. The increased expression of BDNF and Bcl-2 induced by miR-134 inhibition was also abrogated by CREB knockdown. Overall, our results suggested that the downregulation of miR-134 can effectively protect against H2O2-induced RGC apoptosis by negatively modulating CREB expression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi Shao
- Department of Ophthalmology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, No.17 Yongwaizheng Street, Donghu District, Nanchang, 330006, China
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Winter J. MicroRNAs of the miR379-410 cluster: New players in embryonic neurogenesis and regulators of neuronal function. NEUROGENESIS 2015; 2:e1004970. [PMID: 27504472 PMCID: PMC4973610 DOI: 10.1080/23262133.2015.1004970] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2014] [Revised: 09/26/2014] [Accepted: 01/03/2015] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
Abstract
The imprinted miR379–410 cluster contains 38 microRNAs (miRNAs) that are involved in diverse neurodevelopmental processes and are important regulators of neuronal function. The implications of these miRNAs in neurological diseases have been recently recognized.In the present minireview, the current findings regarding the brain-specific functions of miR379–410 cluster miRNAs are summarized and discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jennifer Winter
- Institute of Human Genetics; University Medical Centre Mainz ; Mainz, Germany
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29
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Zhong J, Li B. Reduced expression of microRNA-134 correlates with malignancy and poor prognosis in human glioma. J Clin Neurosci 2015; 22:583-7. [PMID: 25564273 DOI: 10.1016/j.jocn.2014.09.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2014] [Revised: 08/30/2014] [Accepted: 09/02/2014] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
MicroRNA-134 (miR-134) has been demonstrated to be dysregulated in glioma tissues. However, its clinical significance in this tumor type has not been fully elucidated. This study was designed to explore the association of miR-134 expression with clinicopathological features and prognosis in human glioma. Using real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction, miR-134 expression was detected in 162 glioma specimens with various World Health Organization (WHO) grades and compared to the expression in 36 normal brain tissue samples. Glioma tissues exhibited significantly reduced expression of miR-134 (mean 2.15 ± standard deviation 0.82 versus 4.37 ± 1.16, p<0.001) compared with normal brain tissues. In addition, miR-134 expression was notably associated with WHO grade (p<0.001) and Karnofsky Performance Scale score (KPS; p=0.02) in glioma tissues. Low miR-134 expression occurred more frequently in glioma tissues with high WHO grades and low KPS scores. In univariate analysis, both progression-free survival (PFS) and overall survival (OS) of glioma patients with low miR-134 expression were significantly shorter than those with high miR-134 expression (both p<0.001). Additionally, glioma patients with high WHO grades, low KPS scores and subtotal resection attained significantly poorer PFS (p<0.001, 0.02 and 0.01, respectively) and OS (p<0.001, 0.01 and 0.01, respectively). In multivariate analysis, miR-134 expression, WHO grade, KPS score and extent of resection were identified as the independent prognostic factors for both PFS and OS. Collectively, our data prove that the reduced expression of miR-134 may predict aggressive progression and poor prognosis in human gliomas. miR-134 may represent both a prognostic marker and a novel therapeutic target for this malignancy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jianfeng Zhong
- Department of Neurosurgery, Affiliated Yan'an Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunming 650051, China.
| | - Bing Li
- Department of Neurosurgery, Affiliated Yan'an Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunming 650051, China
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30
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Abstract
Epilepsy is a common, serious neurological disease characterized by recurring seizures. Such abnormal, excessive synchronous firing of neurons arises in part because of imbalances in excitation and inhibition in the brain. The process of epileptogenesis, during which the normal brain is transformed after injury to one capable of generating spontaneous seizures, is associated with large-scale changes in gene expression. These contribute to the remodelling of brain networks that permanently alters excitability. Components of the microRNA (miRNA) biogenesis pathway have been found to be altered in brain tissue from epilepsy patients and experimental epileptogenic insults result in select changes to miRNAs regulating neuronal microstructure, cell death, inflammation, and ion channels. Targeting key miRNAs has been shown to alter brain excitability and suppress or exacerbate seizures, indicating potential for miRNA-based therapeutics in epilepsy. Altered miRNA profiles in biofluids may be potentially useful biomarkers of epileptogenesis. In summary, miRNAs represent an important layer of gene expression control in epilepsy with therapeutic and biomarker potential.
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