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Ji H, Pan Q, Cao R, Li Y, Yang Y, Chen S, Gu Y, Qian D, Guo Y, Wang L, Wang Z, Xiao L. Garcinone C attenuates RANKL-induced osteoclast differentiation and oxidative stress by activating Nrf2/HO-1 and inhibiting the NF-kB signaling pathway. Heliyon 2024; 10:e25601. [PMID: 38333852 PMCID: PMC10850749 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e25601] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/02/2023] [Revised: 01/30/2024] [Accepted: 01/30/2024] [Indexed: 02/10/2024] Open
Abstract
Osteoporosis is the result of osteoclast formation exceeding osteoblast production, and current osteoporosis treatments targeting excessive osteoclast bone resorption have serious adverse effects. There is a need to fully understand the mechanisms of osteoclast-mediated bone resorption, identify new drug targets, and find better drugs to treat osteoporosis. Gar C (Gar C) is a major naturally occurring phytochemical isolated from mangosteen, and is a derivative of the naturally occurring phenolic antioxidant lutein. We used an OP mouse model established by ovariectomy (OVX). We found that treatment with Gar C significantly increased bone mineral density and significantly decreased the expression of TRAP, NFATC1 and CTSK relative to untreated OP mice. We found that Garcinone C could disrupt osteoclast activation and resorption functions by inhibiting RANKL-induced osteoclast differentiation as well as inhibiting the formation of multinucleated osteoclasts. Immunoblotting showed that Gar C downregulated the expression of osteoclast-related proteins. In addition, Gar C significantly inhibited RANKL-induced ROS production and affected NF-κB activity by inhibiting phosphorylation Formylation of P65 and phosphorylation and degradation of ikba. These data suggest that Gar C significantly reduced OVX-induced osteoporosis by inhibiting osteoclastogenesis and oxidative stress in bone tissue. Mechanistically, this effect was associated with inhibition of the ROS-mediated NF-κB pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongyun Ji
- Translational Medical Innovation Center, Zhangjiagang TCM Hospital Affiliated to Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Zhangjiagang, 215600, China
| | - Qian Pan
- Translational Medical Innovation Center, Zhangjiagang TCM Hospital Affiliated to Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Zhangjiagang, 215600, China
| | - Ruihong Cao
- Translational Medical Innovation Center, Zhangjiagang TCM Hospital Affiliated to Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Zhangjiagang, 215600, China
| | - Yajun Li
- Translational Medical Innovation Center, Zhangjiagang TCM Hospital Affiliated to Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Zhangjiagang, 215600, China
- Department of Orthopedics, Zhangjiagang TCM Hospital Affiliated to Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Zhangjiagang, 215600, China
| | - Yunshang Yang
- Translational Medical Innovation Center, Zhangjiagang TCM Hospital Affiliated to Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Zhangjiagang, 215600, China
- Department of Orthopedics, Zhangjiagang TCM Hospital Affiliated to Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Zhangjiagang, 215600, China
| | - Shuangshuang Chen
- Translational Medical Innovation Center, Zhangjiagang TCM Hospital Affiliated to Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Zhangjiagang, 215600, China
| | - Yong Gu
- Translational Medical Innovation Center, Zhangjiagang TCM Hospital Affiliated to Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Zhangjiagang, 215600, China
- Department of Orthopedics, Zhangjiagang TCM Hospital Affiliated to Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Zhangjiagang, 215600, China
| | - Daoyi Qian
- Translational Medical Innovation Center, Zhangjiagang TCM Hospital Affiliated to Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Zhangjiagang, 215600, China
- Department of Orthopedics, Zhangjiagang TCM Hospital Affiliated to Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Zhangjiagang, 215600, China
| | - Yang Guo
- Laboratory of New Techniques of Restoration & Reconstruction of Orthopedics and Traumatology, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, 210000, China
| | - Liangliang Wang
- Department of Orthopedics, The Affiliated Changzhou Second People's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Changzhou, 213000, China
| | - Zhirong Wang
- Translational Medical Innovation Center, Zhangjiagang TCM Hospital Affiliated to Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Zhangjiagang, 215600, China
- Department of Orthopedics, Zhangjiagang TCM Hospital Affiliated to Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Zhangjiagang, 215600, China
| | - Long Xiao
- Translational Medical Innovation Center, Zhangjiagang TCM Hospital Affiliated to Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Zhangjiagang, 215600, China
- Department of Orthopedics, Zhangjiagang TCM Hospital Affiliated to Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Zhangjiagang, 215600, China
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Barbosa F, Araújo J, Gonçalves VMF, Palmeira A, Cunha A, Silva PMA, Fernandes C, Pinto M, Bousbaa H, Queirós O, Tiritan ME. Evaluation of Antitumor Activity of Xanthones Conjugated with Amino Acids. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:2121. [PMID: 38396802 PMCID: PMC10889492 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25042121] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/24/2023] [Revised: 02/04/2024] [Accepted: 02/06/2024] [Indexed: 02/25/2024] Open
Abstract
Cancer is a complex disease characterized by several alterations, which confer, to the cells, the capacity to proliferate uncontrollably and to resist cellular death. Multiresistance to conventional chemotherapy drugs is often the cause of treatment failure; thus, the search for natural products or their derivatives with therapeutic action is essential. Chiral derivatives of xanthones (CDXs) have shown potential inhibitory activity against the growth of some human tumor cell lines. This work reports the screening of a library of CDXs, through viability assays, in different cancer cell lines: A375-C5, MCF-7, NCI-H460, and HCT-15. CDXs' effect was analyzed based on several parameters of cancer cells, and it was also verified if these compounds were substrates of glycoprotein-P (Pgp), one of the main mechanisms of resistance in cancer therapy. Pgp expression was evaluated in all cell lines, but no expression was observed, except for HCT-15. Also, when a humanized yeast expressing the human gene MDR1 was used, no conclusions could be drawn about CDXs as Pgp substrates. The selected CDXs did not induce significant differences in the metabolic parameters analyzed. These results show that some CDXs present promising antitumor activity, but other mechanisms should be triggered by these compounds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Flávia Barbosa
- UNIPRO—Oral Pathology and Rehabilitation Research Unit, University Institute of Health Sciences (IUCS-CESPU), 4585-116 Gandra, Portugal; (F.B.); (V.M.F.G.); (A.C.); (P.M.A.S.); (H.B.); (O.Q.)
| | - Joana Araújo
- Laboratory of Organic and Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Department of Chemical Sciences, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Porto, Rua Jorge Viterbo Ferreira, 228, 4050-313 Porto, Portugal; (J.A.); (A.P.); (C.F.); (M.P.)
| | - Virgínia M. F. Gonçalves
- UNIPRO—Oral Pathology and Rehabilitation Research Unit, University Institute of Health Sciences (IUCS-CESPU), 4585-116 Gandra, Portugal; (F.B.); (V.M.F.G.); (A.C.); (P.M.A.S.); (H.B.); (O.Q.)
- 1H-TOXRUN—One Health Toxicology Research Unit, University Institute of Health Sciences (IUCS), University Institute of Health Sciences-CESPU (IUCS-CESPU), 4585-116 Gandra, Portugal
| | - Andreia Palmeira
- Laboratory of Organic and Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Department of Chemical Sciences, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Porto, Rua Jorge Viterbo Ferreira, 228, 4050-313 Porto, Portugal; (J.A.); (A.P.); (C.F.); (M.P.)
- CIIMAR-Interdisciplinary Center for Marine and Environmental Research, University of Porto, Avenida General Norton de Matos, 4450-208 Matosinhos, Portugal
| | - Andrea Cunha
- UNIPRO—Oral Pathology and Rehabilitation Research Unit, University Institute of Health Sciences (IUCS-CESPU), 4585-116 Gandra, Portugal; (F.B.); (V.M.F.G.); (A.C.); (P.M.A.S.); (H.B.); (O.Q.)
| | - Patrícia M. A. Silva
- UNIPRO—Oral Pathology and Rehabilitation Research Unit, University Institute of Health Sciences (IUCS-CESPU), 4585-116 Gandra, Portugal; (F.B.); (V.M.F.G.); (A.C.); (P.M.A.S.); (H.B.); (O.Q.)
- 1H-TOXRUN—One Health Toxicology Research Unit, University Institute of Health Sciences (IUCS), University Institute of Health Sciences-CESPU (IUCS-CESPU), 4585-116 Gandra, Portugal
| | - Carla Fernandes
- Laboratory of Organic and Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Department of Chemical Sciences, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Porto, Rua Jorge Viterbo Ferreira, 228, 4050-313 Porto, Portugal; (J.A.); (A.P.); (C.F.); (M.P.)
- CIIMAR-Interdisciplinary Center for Marine and Environmental Research, University of Porto, Avenida General Norton de Matos, 4450-208 Matosinhos, Portugal
| | - Madalena Pinto
- Laboratory of Organic and Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Department of Chemical Sciences, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Porto, Rua Jorge Viterbo Ferreira, 228, 4050-313 Porto, Portugal; (J.A.); (A.P.); (C.F.); (M.P.)
- CIIMAR-Interdisciplinary Center for Marine and Environmental Research, University of Porto, Avenida General Norton de Matos, 4450-208 Matosinhos, Portugal
| | - Hassan Bousbaa
- UNIPRO—Oral Pathology and Rehabilitation Research Unit, University Institute of Health Sciences (IUCS-CESPU), 4585-116 Gandra, Portugal; (F.B.); (V.M.F.G.); (A.C.); (P.M.A.S.); (H.B.); (O.Q.)
| | - Odília Queirós
- UNIPRO—Oral Pathology and Rehabilitation Research Unit, University Institute of Health Sciences (IUCS-CESPU), 4585-116 Gandra, Portugal; (F.B.); (V.M.F.G.); (A.C.); (P.M.A.S.); (H.B.); (O.Q.)
| | - Maria Elizabeth Tiritan
- UNIPRO—Oral Pathology and Rehabilitation Research Unit, University Institute of Health Sciences (IUCS-CESPU), 4585-116 Gandra, Portugal; (F.B.); (V.M.F.G.); (A.C.); (P.M.A.S.); (H.B.); (O.Q.)
- Laboratory of Organic and Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Department of Chemical Sciences, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Porto, Rua Jorge Viterbo Ferreira, 228, 4050-313 Porto, Portugal; (J.A.); (A.P.); (C.F.); (M.P.)
- 1H-TOXRUN—One Health Toxicology Research Unit, University Institute of Health Sciences (IUCS), University Institute of Health Sciences-CESPU (IUCS-CESPU), 4585-116 Gandra, Portugal
- CIIMAR-Interdisciplinary Center for Marine and Environmental Research, University of Porto, Avenida General Norton de Matos, 4450-208 Matosinhos, Portugal
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De Vita S, Masullo M, Grambone S, Bescós PB, Piacente S, Bifulco G. Demethylcalabaxanthone from Garcinia mangostana Exerts Antioxidant Effects through the Activation of the Nrf2 Pathway as Assessed via Molecular Docking and Biological Evaluation. Antioxidants (Basel) 2023; 12:1980. [PMID: 38001833 PMCID: PMC10669650 DOI: 10.3390/antiox12111980] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2023] [Revised: 10/30/2023] [Accepted: 11/03/2023] [Indexed: 11/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2) pathway activation promotes the expression of antioxidant enzymes in response to rising oxidative stress, resulting in reactive oxygen species (ROS) detoxification and playing a central role in the maintenance of intracellular redox homeostasis and regulation of inflammation. Moreover, the biological effects of Nrf2 pathway activation contribute to reducing apoptosis and enhancing cell survival. The activity of Nrf2 is negatively regulated by Kelch-like ECH-associated protein 1 (Keap1). Prompted by the recent results reporting the impact of xanthone metabolites on oxidative stress, cancer, and inflammation, the antioxidant properties of xanthones isolated from Garcinia mangostana (γ-mangostin, α-mangostin, 8-deoxygartanin, demethylcalabaxanthone, garcinone D) were assessed. In particular, the capability of these natural products to disrupt the interaction between Kelch-like ECH-associated protein 1 (Keap1) and nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2), triggering the activation of the Nrf2-mediated pathway, was evaluated using molecular docking experiments and in vitro tests. The modulation of some key Nrf2-related mediators like glutathione (GSH) and lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) to highlight a possible direct antioxidant effect was investigated. Among the tested compounds, demethylcalabaxanthone showed an indirect antioxidant effect, as corroborated by a Western blot assay, displaying a significant increase in the translocated protein upon its administration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Simona De Vita
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Salerno, Via Giovanni Paolo II 134, 84084 Fisciano, Italy; (S.D.V.); (M.M.); (S.G.)
| | - Milena Masullo
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Salerno, Via Giovanni Paolo II 134, 84084 Fisciano, Italy; (S.D.V.); (M.M.); (S.G.)
| | - Sabrina Grambone
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Salerno, Via Giovanni Paolo II 134, 84084 Fisciano, Italy; (S.D.V.); (M.M.); (S.G.)
| | - Paloma Bermejo Bescós
- Departamento de Farmacología, Farmacognosia y Botánica, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, 28040 Madrid, Spain;
| | - Sonia Piacente
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Salerno, Via Giovanni Paolo II 134, 84084 Fisciano, Italy; (S.D.V.); (M.M.); (S.G.)
| | - Giuseppe Bifulco
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Salerno, Via Giovanni Paolo II 134, 84084 Fisciano, Italy; (S.D.V.); (M.M.); (S.G.)
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Naing S, Sandech N, Maiuthed A, Chongruchiroj S, Pratuangdejkul J, Lomarat P. Garcinia mangostana L. Pericarp Extract and Its Active Compound α-Mangostin as Potential Inhibitors of Immune Checkpoint Programmed Death Ligand-1. Molecules 2023; 28:6991. [PMID: 37836835 PMCID: PMC10574194 DOI: 10.3390/molecules28196991] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2023] [Revised: 09/22/2023] [Accepted: 09/30/2023] [Indexed: 10/15/2023] Open
Abstract
α-Mangostin, a major xanthone found in mangosteen (Garcinia mangostana L., Family Clusiaceae) pericarp, has been shown to exhibit anticancer effects through multiple mechanisms of action. However, its effects on immune checkpoint programmed death ligand-1 (PD-L1) have not been studied. This study investigated the effects of mangosteen pericarp extract and its active compound α-mangostin on PD-L1 by in vitro and in silico analyses. HPLC analysis showed that α-mangostin contained about 30% w/w of crude ethanol extract of mangosteen pericarp. In vitro experiments in MDA-MB-231 triple-negative breast cancer cells showed that α-mangostin and the ethanol extract significantly inhibit PD-L1 expression when treated for 72 h with 10 µM or 10 µg/mL, respectively, and partially inhibit glycosylation of PD-L1 when compared to untreated controls. In silico analysis revealed that α-mangostin effectively binds inside PD-L1 dimer pockets and that the complex was stable throughout the 100 ns simulation, suggesting that α-mangostin stabilized the dimer form that could potentially lead to degradation of PD-L1. The ADMET prediction showed that α-mangostin is lipophilic and has high plasma protein binding, suggesting its greater distribution to tissues and its ability to penetrate adipose tissue such as breast cancer. These findings suggest that α-mangostin-rich mangosteen pericarp extract could potentially be applied as a functional ingredient for cancer chemoprevention.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sandar Naing
- Department of Food Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Mahidol University, Bangkok 10400, Thailand;
| | - Nichawadee Sandech
- Centre of Biopharmaceutical Science for Healthy Ageing, Faculty of Pharmacy, Mahidol University, Bangkok 10400, Thailand; (N.S.); (A.M.)
| | - Arnatchai Maiuthed
- Centre of Biopharmaceutical Science for Healthy Ageing, Faculty of Pharmacy, Mahidol University, Bangkok 10400, Thailand; (N.S.); (A.M.)
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Mahidol University, Bangkok 10400, Thailand
| | - Sumet Chongruchiroj
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Mahidol University, Bangkok 10400, Thailand; (S.C.); (J.P.)
| | - Jaturong Pratuangdejkul
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Mahidol University, Bangkok 10400, Thailand; (S.C.); (J.P.)
| | - Pattamapan Lomarat
- Department of Food Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Mahidol University, Bangkok 10400, Thailand;
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Zhu L, Li X, Liu D, Bai W, Yang H, Cheng Q, Xu L, Fang J. The positive feedback loop of MAD2L1/TYK2/STAT3 induces progression in B-cell acute lymphoblastic leukaemia. J Cancer Res Clin Oncol 2023:10.1007/s00432-023-04613-5. [PMID: 36781502 DOI: 10.1007/s00432-023-04613-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2022] [Accepted: 01/27/2023] [Indexed: 02/15/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE Mitotic arrest deficient 2 like 1 (MAD2L1) has been extensively studied in several malignancies; however, its role in B-cell acute lymphoblastic leukaemia (B-ALL) remains unclear. METHODS The expression of MAD2L1 was evaluated by real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction. The biological functions of MAD2L1 in B-ALL were explored through Cell Counting Kit-8 (CCK-8), 5-Ethynyl-2'-deoxyuridine assay (EDU), transwell assay, flow cytometry and xenograft models. The Western blotting and co-immunoprecipitation were utilized to evaluate the interplay between MAD2L1 and the TYK2/STAT3 pathway. The luciferase reporter and chromatin immunoprecipitation (ChIP) assay were employed to identify interactions between STAT3 and MAD2L1. RESULTS We demonstrated that MAD2L1 was markedly upregulated in B-ALL, and its expression level not only correlated with the relapse and remission of the condition but also with a poor prognosis. MAD2L1 promoted the proliferation, migration and invasion of B-ALL cells in vitro and in vivo, whereas MAD2L1 knockdown had the opposite effects. Mechanistically, MAD2L1 induces the progression of B-ALL by activating the TYK2/STAT3 signaling pathway to phosphorylate. Interestingly, STAT3 induces the expression of MAD2L1 by binding directly to its promoter region, resulting in a positive-feedback loop of MAD2L1/TYK2/STAT3. CONCLUSION This study uncovered a reciprocal loop of MAD2L1/TYK2/STAT3, which contributed to the development of B-ALL. Therefore, MAD2L1 can be considered a potential diagnostic biomarker as well as a novel therapeutic target for B-ALL.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liwen Zhu
- Department of Pediatrics, Sun Yat-Sen Memorial Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University, 107 Yanjiang West Road, Guangzhou, 510120, Guangdong, People's Republic of China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Malignant Tumour Epigenetics and Gene Regulation, Sun Yat-Sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, People's Republic of China
| | - Xinyu Li
- Department of Pediatrics, Sun Yat-Sen Memorial Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University, 107 Yanjiang West Road, Guangzhou, 510120, Guangdong, People's Republic of China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Malignant Tumour Epigenetics and Gene Regulation, Sun Yat-Sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, People's Republic of China
| | - Diandian Liu
- Department of Pediatrics, Sun Yat-Sen Memorial Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University, 107 Yanjiang West Road, Guangzhou, 510120, Guangdong, People's Republic of China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Malignant Tumour Epigenetics and Gene Regulation, Sun Yat-Sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, People's Republic of China
| | - Wenke Bai
- Department of Pediatrics, Sun Yat-Sen Memorial Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University, 107 Yanjiang West Road, Guangzhou, 510120, Guangdong, People's Republic of China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Malignant Tumour Epigenetics and Gene Regulation, Sun Yat-Sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, People's Republic of China
| | - Huaqing Yang
- Department of Pediatrics, Sun Yat-Sen Memorial Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University, 107 Yanjiang West Road, Guangzhou, 510120, Guangdong, People's Republic of China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Malignant Tumour Epigenetics and Gene Regulation, Sun Yat-Sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, People's Republic of China
| | - Qianyi Cheng
- Department of Pediatrics, Sun Yat-Sen Memorial Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University, 107 Yanjiang West Road, Guangzhou, 510120, Guangdong, People's Republic of China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Malignant Tumour Epigenetics and Gene Regulation, Sun Yat-Sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, People's Republic of China
| | - Luhong Xu
- Department of Pediatrics, Sun Yat-Sen Memorial Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University, 107 Yanjiang West Road, Guangzhou, 510120, Guangdong, People's Republic of China.
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Malignant Tumour Epigenetics and Gene Regulation, Sun Yat-Sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, People's Republic of China.
| | - Jianpei Fang
- Department of Pediatrics, Sun Yat-Sen Memorial Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University, 107 Yanjiang West Road, Guangzhou, 510120, Guangdong, People's Republic of China.
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Malignant Tumour Epigenetics and Gene Regulation, Sun Yat-Sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, People's Republic of China.
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Nayak M, Das D, Pradhan J, Ahmed R, Laureano-Melo R, Dandapat J. Epigenetic signature in neural plasticity: the journey so far and journey ahead. Heliyon 2022; 8:e12292. [PMID: 36590572 PMCID: PMC9798197 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2022.e12292] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2022] [Revised: 10/31/2022] [Accepted: 12/05/2022] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Neural plasticity is a remarkable characteristic of the brain which allows neurons to rewire their structure in response to internal and external stimuli. Many external stimuli collectively referred to as 'epigenetic factors' strongly influence structural and functional reorganization of the brain, thereby acting as a potential driver of neural plasticity. DNA methylation and demethylation, histone acetylation, and deacetylation are some of the frontline epigenetic mechanisms behind neural plasticity. Epigenetic signature molecules (mostly proteins) play a pivotal role in epigenetic reprogramming. Though neuro-epigenetics is an incredibly important field of emerging research, the critical role of signature proteins associated with epigenetic alteration and their involvement in neural plasticity needs further attention. This study gives an integrated and systematic overview of the current state of knowledge with a clear idea of types of neural plasticity and the context-dependent role of epigenetic signature molecules and their modulation by some natural bioactive compounds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Madhusmita Nayak
- Post-Graduate Department of Biotechnology, Utkal University, Bhubaneswar 751004, Odisha, India,Centre of Excellence in Integrated Omics and Computational Biology, Utkal University, Bhubaneswar 751004, Odisha, India
| | - Diptimayee Das
- Post-Graduate Department of Biotechnology, Utkal University, Bhubaneswar 751004, Odisha, India,Faculty of Allied Health Science, Chettinad Academy of Research and Education, Chettinad Hospital and Research Institute, Chennai India
| | - Jyotsnarani Pradhan
- Post-Graduate Department of Biotechnology, Utkal University, Bhubaneswar 751004, Odisha, India,Corresponding author.
| | - R.G. Ahmed
- Division of Anatomy and Embryology, Zoology Department, Faculty of Science, Beni-Suef University, Beni-Suef, Egypt
| | - Roberto Laureano-Melo
- Barra Mansa University Center, R. Ver. Pinho de Carvalho, 267, 27330-550, Barra Mansa, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Jagneshwar Dandapat
- Post-Graduate Department of Biotechnology, Utkal University, Bhubaneswar 751004, Odisha, India,Centre of Excellence in Integrated Omics and Computational Biology, Utkal University, Bhubaneswar 751004, Odisha, India,Corresponding author.
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Fu X, Sun Z, Long Q, Tan W, Ding H, Liu X, Wu L, Wang Y, Zhang W. Glycosides from Buyang Huanwu Decoction inhibit atherosclerotic inflammation via JAK/STAT signaling pathway. PHYTOMEDICINE : INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PHYTOTHERAPY AND PHYTOPHARMACOLOGY 2022; 105:154385. [PMID: 35987015 DOI: 10.1016/j.phymed.2022.154385] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2022] [Revised: 07/29/2022] [Accepted: 08/08/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Buyang Huanwu Decoction (BYHWD) has been used to treat or prevent cardiovascular disease. The prescription and its glycosides have the effects of protecting blood vessels, and resisting atherosclerosis. However, their protective mechanism of anti-atherosclerosis remains unclear. PURPOSE This study aims to explore whether glycosides are the main effective components of BYHWD in anti-atherosclerotic inflammation and whether their mechanism is related to the classical JAK/STAT inflammatory signaling pathway. METHODS UPLC-MSMS method was used to determine the main components of BYHWD and its glycosides. Network pharmacological analysis and molecular docking were used to predict the potential therapeutic targets of glycosides. Atherosclerosis model was prepared by feeding HFD in ApoE-/- mice. The effects of glycosides on atherosclerosis were detected by blood lipids measurement, Masson staining, immunohistochemistry, immunofluorescence, western-blot and droplet digital PCR. RAW264.7 cells were used to establish foam cells model. The mechanism of glycosides anti-atherosclerotic inflammation was detected by measuring intracellular lipids, Oil Red O staining, ELISA, western-blot and droplet digital PCR. RESULTS 1. Glycosides were absorbed into the blood through oral administrations and existed in the blood in the form of glycosides structures. 2. Glycosides attenuated hyperlipidemia, alleviated atherosclerotic lesions and inhibited inflammatory reaction. They could regulate blood lipids by decreasing TC, TG, LDL-c, increasing HDL-c level in ApoE-/- mice, alleviating intimal area and thickness, and inhibiting atherosclerotic plaque formation, which were similar to BYHWD. 3. Glycosides anti-atherosclerotic inflammation was related to JAK/STAT signaling pathway by network pharmacology analysis. Interactions between glycosides (astragaloside IV, paeoniflorin and amygdalin) and JAK/STAT pathway-related proteins by molecular docking. 4. Glycosides alleviated atherosclerotic inflammation by decreasing the release of pro-inflammatory factors and adhesions molecules, inhibiting the activation of JAK/STAT pathway in vivo. 5. Glycosides reduced the number of foam cells and intracellular lipid content. It also prevented the inflammation of macrophages by decreasing the levels of pro-inflammatory factors, reducing the phosphorylation of JAK2, STAT1 and STAT3 in vitro. CONCLUSION This study demonstrated that glycosides were the main active components of BYHWD, and they could inhibit atherosclerosis by alleviating atherosclerotic inflammation. the mechanism is inhibiting the activation of JAK/STAT signaling pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinying Fu
- College of Integrated Chinese and Western Medicine, Key Laboratory of Hunan Provincial for Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine on Prevention and Treatment of Cardio-Cerebral Diseases, Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Hunan 410208, China
| | - Zhengji Sun
- Yueyang Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital, Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Hunan 414021, China
| | - Qingyin Long
- College of Integrated Chinese and Western Medicine, Key Laboratory of Hunan Provincial for Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine on Prevention and Treatment of Cardio-Cerebral Diseases, Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Hunan 410208, China
| | - Wei Tan
- College of Integrated Chinese and Western Medicine, Key Laboratory of Hunan Provincial for Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine on Prevention and Treatment of Cardio-Cerebral Diseases, Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Hunan 410208, China
| | - Huang Ding
- College of Integrated Chinese and Western Medicine, Key Laboratory of Hunan Provincial for Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine on Prevention and Treatment of Cardio-Cerebral Diseases, Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Hunan 410208, China
| | - Xiaodan Liu
- College of Integrated Chinese and Western Medicine, Key Laboratory of Hunan Provincial for Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine on Prevention and Treatment of Cardio-Cerebral Diseases, Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Hunan 410208, China
| | - Lu Wu
- Liuyang Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital, Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Hunan 410399, China
| | - Yang Wang
- Institute of Integrative Medicine, Key Laboratory of Hunan Province for Liver Manifestation of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Hunan 410008, China
| | - Wei Zhang
- College of Integrated Chinese and Western Medicine, Key Laboratory of Hunan Provincial for Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine on Prevention and Treatment of Cardio-Cerebral Diseases, Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Hunan 410208, China.
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8
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An J, Chen B, Tian D, Guo Y, Yan Y, Yang H. Regulation of Neurogenesis and Neuronal Differentiation by Natural Compounds. Curr Stem Cell Res Ther 2021; 17:756-771. [PMID: 34493197 DOI: 10.2174/1574888x16666210907141447] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2021] [Revised: 07/15/2021] [Accepted: 07/28/2021] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Neuronal damage or degeneration is the main feature of neurological diseases. Regulation of neurogenesis and neuronal differentiation is important in developing therapies to promote neuronal regeneration or synaptic network reconstruction. Neurogenesis is a multistage process in which neurons are generated and integrated into existing neuronal circuits. Neuronal differentiation is extremely complex because it can occur in different cell types and can be caused by a variety of inducers. Recently, natural compounds that induce neurogenesis and neuronal differentiation have attracted extensive attention. In this paper, the potential neural induction effects of medicinal plant-derived natural compounds on neural stem/progenitor cells (NS/PCs), the cultured neuronal cells, and mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) are reviewed. The natural compounds that are efficacious in inducing neurogenesis and neuronal differentiation include phenolic acids, polyphenols, flavonoids, glucosides, alkaloids, terpenoids, quinones, coumarins, and others. They exert neural induction effects by regulating signal factors and cell-specific genes involved in the process of neurogenesis and neuronal differentiation, including specific proteins (β-tubulin III, MAP-2, tau, nestin, neurofilaments, GFAP, GAP-43, NSE), related genes and proteins (STAT3, Hes1, Mash1, NeuroD1, notch, cyclin D1, SIRT1, reggie-1), transcription factors (CREB, Nkx-2.5, Ngn1), neurotrophins (BDNF, NGF, NT-3) and signaling pathways (JAK/STAT, Wnt/β-catenin, MAPK, PI3K/Akt, GSK-3β/β-catenin, Ca2+/CaMKII/ATF1, Nrf2/HO-1, BMP). The natural compounds with neural induction effects are of great value for neuronal regenerative medicine and provide promising prevention and treatment strategies for neurological diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing An
- Translational Medicine Centre, Honghui Hospital, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an. China
| | - Bo Chen
- Translational Medicine Centre, Honghui Hospital, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an. China
| | - Ding Tian
- Translational Medicine Centre, Honghui Hospital, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an. China
| | - Yunshan Guo
- Department of Spine Surgery, Honghui Hospital, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an. China
| | - Yuzhu Yan
- Clinical Lab, Honghui Hospital, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an. China
| | - Hao Yang
- Translational Medicine Centre, Honghui Hospital, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an. China
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Da Cheng Qi Decoction Alleviates Cerulein-Stimulated AR42J Pancreatic Acinar Cell Injury via the JAK2/STAT3 Signaling Pathway. EVIDENCE-BASED COMPLEMENTARY AND ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE 2021; 2021:6657036. [PMID: 33927777 PMCID: PMC8053057 DOI: 10.1155/2021/6657036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2020] [Revised: 03/08/2021] [Accepted: 03/27/2021] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Background Acute pancreatitis (AP) is a common acute abdomen inflammation, characterized by the dysregulation of digestive enzyme production and secretion. Many studies have shown that Da Cheng Qi Decoction (DCQD) is a secure, effective prescription on AP. In this study, cerulein-stimulated AR42J cells damage model was established to further explore the feasibility and underlying mechanism of DCQD as a potential inhibitor of JAK2/STAT3 pathway for the treatment of AP. Methods Cell viability of DCQD was measured using a cell counting Kit-8 assay. Pancreatic biochemical markers such as amylase, lipase, and C-reactive protein production were measured by assay kits, respectively. Cytokines (TNF-α, IL-6, IL-10, and IL-1β) were assayed by ELISA. Protein location and protein expression were detected by immunofluorescence staining and Western blotting, respectively. Gene expression was assessed by real-time PCR. For mechanistic analysis of the effect of DCQD on JAK2/STAT3 signaling pathway, selective JAK2 inhibitor (Fedratinib) and STAT3 inhibitor (Stattic) as well as STAT3 activator (Garcinone D) were used. Results DCQD protected cells by regulating cerulein-induced inflammation and reducing the secretion of pancreatic biochemical markers. Moreover, DCQD could not only inhibit the nuclear translocation of p-STAT3, but also decrease the mRNA expression of JAK2 and STAT3 as well as the ratio of p-JAK2/JAK2 and p-STAT3/STAT3 in protein level. Additionally, DCQD could regulate the mRNA and protein expression of JAK2/STAT3 downstream effectors, Bax and Bcl-XL. The activated effect of cerulein on JAK2/STAT3 pathway was also reversed by JAK2 inhibitor Fedratinib or STAT3 inhibitor Stattic. And the overexpression of JAK2/STAT3 pathway, via STAT3 activator Garcinone D, did exert damage on cells, which bore a resemblance to cerulein. Conclusion The activation of JAK2/STAT3 pathway may play a key role in the pathogenesis of cerulein-stimulated AR42J pancreatic acinar cell injury. DCQD could improve inflammatory cytokines and cell injury, which might be mediated by suppressing the activation of JAK2/STAT3 signaling pathway.
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Tocmo R, Le B, Heun A, van Pijkeren JP, Parkin K, Johnson JJ. Prenylated xanthones from mangosteen (Garcinia mangostana) activate the AhR and Nrf2 pathways and protect intestinal barrier integrity in HT-29 cells. Free Radic Biol Med 2021; 163:102-115. [PMID: 33310139 PMCID: PMC8647718 DOI: 10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2020.11.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2020] [Revised: 11/04/2020] [Accepted: 11/16/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Xanthones from the tropical fruit mangosteen (Garcinia mangostana) display anti-inflammatory and anti-oxidative activities. Here, we isolate and identify potential inducers of the aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AhR) and nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2) signaling pathways from mangosteen using a bioassay-guided strategy. Mangosteen fruit pericarp extracts were subjected to sequential solvent extractions, followed by chromatography coupled with NMR spectroscopy and mass spectrometric analyses for identification and isolation of pure compounds. Isolation of active fractions led to seven prenylated xanthones that were identified and subsequently evaluated for bioactivity. In vitro luciferase reporter cellular assays using H1L6.1c3 (AhR induction) and HepG2-ARE (Nrf2 induction) were used to identify AhR and Nrf2 activators. All seven prenylated xanthones displayed AhR inducing activity, whereas only five xanthones activated Nrf2. Garcinone D (GarD) significantly upregulated AhR/Cyp1a1 and Nrf2/HO-1 protein expression and enhanced zonula occludens-1 and occludin protein levels in HT-29 cells. In addition, GarD inhibited oxidative stress-induced intestinal epithelial barrier dysfunction by enhancing tight junction (TJ) proteins and inhibition of reactive oxygen species production. Inhibition of AhR by pretreating cells with an AhR antagonist revealed that the AhR pathway is required for the improved epithelial barrier functions of GarD. These results highlight a dual mechanism by GarD that confers protection against intestinal epithelial barrier dysfunction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Restituto Tocmo
- Department of Pharmacy Practice, University of Illinois-Chicago, 833 South Wood Street, Chicago, IL, 60612, USA
| | - Bryan Le
- Department of Food Science, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Babcock Hall, 1605 Linden Drive, Madison, WI, 53706, USA
| | - Amber Heun
- Department of Food Science, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Babcock Hall, 1605 Linden Drive, Madison, WI, 53706, USA
| | - Jan Peter van Pijkeren
- Department of Food Science, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Babcock Hall, 1605 Linden Drive, Madison, WI, 53706, USA
| | - Kirk Parkin
- Department of Food Science, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Babcock Hall, 1605 Linden Drive, Madison, WI, 53706, USA
| | - Jeremy James Johnson
- Department of Pharmacy Practice, University of Illinois-Chicago, 833 South Wood Street, Chicago, IL, 60612, USA.
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11
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GanDouLing promotes proliferation and differentiation of neural stem cells in the mouse model of Wilson's disease. Biosci Rep 2021; 41:227101. [PMID: 33300046 PMCID: PMC7786325 DOI: 10.1042/bsr20202717] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2020] [Revised: 11/30/2020] [Accepted: 11/30/2020] [Indexed: 01/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Wilson’s disease (WD) is an autosomal recessive disease caused by mutation of the ATPase copper transporting β (ATP7B) gene, resulting in abnormal copper metabolism. We aimed to investigate the protective effect of GanDouLing (GDL) on neural stem cell (NSC) function in a mouse model of WD. NSCs were treated with different concentrations of GDL alone or in combination with penicillamine, following which we evaluated cellular growth, apoptosis, and differentiation. Nuclear factor E2-related factor 2 (Nrf2) pathway and NOD-like receptor family pyrin domain-containing 3 (NLRP3) inflammasome activation were analyzed via Western blotting. Treatment with GDL alone or in combination with penicillamine significantly increased proliferation and inhibited apoptosis of NSCs in a dose-dependent manner. In addition, GDL treatment remarkably promoted differentiation of NSCs. Consistently, levels of class III β-tubulin (Tuj1) and microtubule-associated protein 2 (MAP2) were significantly elevated, whereas glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP) levels were obviously suppressed in the presence of GDL or penicillamine. In vivo assays confirmed that GDL increased the ratio of Ki67+, Tuj1+, and MAP2+ cells and suppressed apoptosis in the hippocampal region in WD mice. Behavioral assays revealed that both GDL and penicillamine improved memory ability in WD models. Mechanistically, GDL treatment led to activation of Nrf2 signaling and suppression of the NLRP3 inflammasome in WD mice. Notably, inhibition of Nrf2 signaling reversed the protective effects of GDL on hippocampal NSCs. Collectively, these findings demonstrate that GDL exerts a protective effect on NSCs and promotes neurogenesis by targeting Nrf2 signaling and the NLRP3 inflammasome in WD.
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Kahroba H, Ramezani B, Maadi H, Sadeghi MR, Jaberie H, Ramezani F. The role of Nrf2 in neural stem/progenitors cells: From maintaining stemness and self-renewal to promoting differentiation capability and facilitating therapeutic application in neurodegenerative disease. Ageing Res Rev 2021; 65:101211. [PMID: 33186670 DOI: 10.1016/j.arr.2020.101211] [Citation(s) in RCA: 69] [Impact Index Per Article: 23.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2020] [Revised: 11/05/2020] [Accepted: 11/07/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Neurodegenerative diseases (NDs) cause progressive loss of neurons in nervous system. NDs are categorized as acute NDs such as stroke and head injury, besides chronic NDs including Alzheimer's, Parkinson's, Huntington's diseases, Friedreich's Ataxia, Multiple Sclerosis. The exact etiology of NDs is not understood but oxidative stress, inflammation and synaptic dysfunction are main hallmarks. Oxidative stress leads to free radical attack on neural cells which contributes to protein misfolding, glia cell activation, mitochondrial dysfunction, impairment of DNA repair system and subsequently cellular death. Neural stem cells (NSCs) support adult neurogenesis in nervous system during injuries which is limited to certain regions in brain. NSCs can differentiate into the neurons, astrocytes or oligodendrocytes. Impaired neurogenesis and inadequate induction of neurogenesis are the main obstacles in treatment of NDs. Protection of neural cells from oxidative damages and supporting neurogenesis are promising strategies to treat NDs. Nuclear factor-erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2) is a transcriptional master regulator that maintains the redox homeostasis in cells by provoking expression of antioxidant, anti-inflammatory and cytoprotective genes. Nrf2 can strongly influence the NSCs function and fate determination by reducing levels of reactive oxygen species in benefit of NSC survival and neurogenesis. In this review we will summarize the role of Nrf2 in NSC function, and exogenous and endogenous therapeutic strategies in treatment of NDs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Houman Kahroba
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Faculty of Advanced Medical Sciences, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran.
| | - Bahman Ramezani
- Department of Chemistry, Tabriz Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Hamid Maadi
- Department of Medical Genetics, and Signal Transduction Research Group, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB T6G 2H7, Canada
| | - Mohammad Reza Sadeghi
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Faculty of Advanced Medical Sciences, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Hajar Jaberie
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Bushehr University of Medical Sciences, Bushehr, Iran
| | - Fatemeh Ramezani
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Faculty of Advanced Medical Sciences, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran.
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Do HTT, Cho J. Mangosteen Pericarp and Its Bioactive Xanthones: Potential Therapeutic Value in Alzheimer's Disease, Parkinson's Disease, and Depression with Pharmacokinetic and Safety Profiles. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:E6211. [PMID: 32867357 PMCID: PMC7504283 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21176211] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2020] [Revised: 08/22/2020] [Accepted: 08/25/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Alzheimer's disease (AD), Parkinson's disease (PD), and depression are growing burdens for society globally, partly due to a lack of effective treatments. Mangosteen (Garcinia mangostana L.,) pericarp (MP) and its xanthones may provide therapeutic advantages for these disorders. In this review, we discuss potential therapeutic value of MP-derived agents in AD, PD, and depression with their pharmacokinetic and safety profiles. MP-derived agents have shown multifunctional effects including neuroprotective, antioxidant, and anti-neuroinflammatory actions. In addition, they target specific disease pathologies, such as amyloid beta production and deposition as well as cholinergic dysfunction in AD; α-synuclein aggregation in PD; and modulation of monoamine disturbance in depression. Particularly, the xanthone derivatives, including α-mangostin and γ-mangostin, exhibit potent pharmacological actions. However, low oral bioavailability and poor brain penetration may limit their therapeutic applications. These challenges can be overcome in part by administering as a form of MP extract (MPE) or using specific carrier systems. MPE and α-mangostin are generally safe and well-tolerated in animals. Furthermore, mangosteen-based products are safe for humans. Therefore, MPE and its bioactive xanthones are promising candidates for the treatment of AD, PD, and depression. Further studies including clinical trials are essential to decipher their efficacy, and pharmacokinetic and safety profiles in these disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Jungsook Cho
- College of Pharmacy, Dongguk University-Seoul, Dongguk-ro 32, Ilsandong-gu, Goyang, Gyeonggi 10326, Korea;
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Yang L, Lin S, Xu L, Lin J, Zhao C, Huang X. Novel activators and small-molecule inhibitors of STAT3 in cancer. Cytokine Growth Factor Rev 2019; 49:10-22. [PMID: 31677966 DOI: 10.1016/j.cytogfr.2019.10.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 76] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2019] [Revised: 10/07/2019] [Accepted: 10/10/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Excessive activation of signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 (STAT3) signaling is observed in a subset of many cancers, making activated STAT3 a highly promising potential therapeutic target supported by multiple preclinical and clinical studies. However, early-phase clinical trials have produced mixed results with STAT3-targeted cancer therapies, revealing substantial complexity to targeting aberrant STAT3 signaling. This review discusses the diverse mechanisms of oncogenic activation of STAT3, and the small molecule inhibitors of STAT3 in cancer treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lehe Yang
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang 325000, China; Chemical Biology Research Center, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, University Town, Wenzhou, Zhejiang 325035, China; Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Medicine, University of Maryland, Baltimore, MD 21201, USA
| | - Shichong Lin
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang 325000, China; Chemical Biology Research Center, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, University Town, Wenzhou, Zhejiang 325035, China
| | - Lingyuan Xu
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang 325000, China; Chemical Biology Research Center, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, University Town, Wenzhou, Zhejiang 325035, China
| | - Jiayuh Lin
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Medicine, University of Maryland, Baltimore, MD 21201, USA
| | - Chengguang Zhao
- Chemical Biology Research Center, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, University Town, Wenzhou, Zhejiang 325035, China.
| | - Xiaoying Huang
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang 325000, China.
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Jiang D, Li H, Xiang H, Gao M, Yin C, Wang H, Sun Y, Xiong M. Long Chain Non-Coding RNA (lncRNA) HOTAIR Knockdown Increases miR-454-3p to Suppress Gastric Cancer Growth by Targeting STAT3/Cyclin D1. Med Sci Monit 2019; 25:1537-1548. [PMID: 30810117 PMCID: PMC6402277 DOI: 10.12659/msm.913087] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Gastric cancer is a common gastrointestinal tumor. The incidence and mortality of gastric cancer are very high. Therefore, it is important to study targeted drugs. Recent studies found long chain non-coding RNA (lncRNAs) and microRNAs (miRNAs) were abnormal in gastric cancer. MATERIAL AND METHODS We collected adjacent normal and cancer tissues of gastric cancer patients and measured HOTAIR, miR-454-3p, STAT3, and Cyclin D1 expression and analyzed the correlation with clinical status. We also measured AGS and SGC7901 cells proliferation rate of different groups by MTT assay, and we evaluated AGS and SGC7901 cell apoptosis and cell cycle by flow cytometry. In addition, we assessed the relative proteins expressions by WB assay. Finally, we explored the correlation between miR-454-3p and STAT3 by use of double luciferase reporter. RESULTS lncRNA HOTAIR was negatively correlated with miR-454-3p expression in gastric cancer tissues. lncRNA HOTAIR knockdown suppressed AGS and SGC7901, which are gastric cancer cell lines that promote cell proliferation by increasing cell apoptosis and keeping the cell cycle in G1 phase. In further mechanism research, we found that the STAT3 and Cyclin D1 proteins expressions were suppressed by lncRNA HOTAIR down-regulation in AGS and SGC7901 cells. CONCLUSIONS Our results suggest that lncRNA HOTAIR knockdown stimulates miR-454-3p expression to inhibit gastric cancer growth by depressing STAT3/Cyclin D1 activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Datong Jiang
- Department of Emergency Surgery, Second Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, China (mainland)
| | - He Li
- Department of Emergency Surgery, Second Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, China (mainland)
| | - Heping Xiang
- Department of Emergency Surgery, Second Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, China (mainland)
| | - Ming Gao
- Department of Emergency Surgery, Second Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, China (mainland)
| | - Chunlin Yin
- Department of Emergency Surgery, Second Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, China (mainland)
| | - Haiping Wang
- Department of Emergency Surgery, Second Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, China (mainland)
| | - Yuansong Sun
- Department of Emergency Surgery, Second Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, China (mainland)
| | - Maoming Xiong
- Department of Gastroenterological Surgery, First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, China (mainland)
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Yu T, Xu YY, Zhang YY, Li KY, Shao Y, Liu G. Plumbagin suppresses the human large cell lung cancer cell lines by inhibiting IL-6/STAT3 signaling in vitro. Int Immunopharmacol 2018; 55:290-296. [DOI: 10.1016/j.intimp.2017.12.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2017] [Revised: 12/14/2017] [Accepted: 12/14/2017] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
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17
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Ovalle-Magallanes B, Eugenio-Pérez D, Pedraza-Chaverri J. Medicinal properties of mangosteen (Garcinia mangostana L.): A comprehensive update. Food Chem Toxicol 2017; 109:102-122. [PMID: 28842267 DOI: 10.1016/j.fct.2017.08.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 112] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2017] [Revised: 08/16/2017] [Accepted: 08/18/2017] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Garcinia mangostana L. (Clusiaceae) is a tropical tree native to Southeast Asia known as mangosteen which fruits possess a distinctive and pleasant taste that has granted them the epithet of "queen of the fruits". The seeds and pericarps of the fruit have a long history of use in the traditional medicinal practices of the region, and beverages containing mangosteen pulp and pericarps are sold worldwide as nutritional supplements. The main phytochemicals present in the species are isoprenylated xanthones, a class of secondary metabolites with multiple reports of biological effects, such as antioxidant, pro-apoptotic, anti-proliferative, antinociceptive, anti-inflammatory, neuroprotective, hypoglycemic and anti-obesity. The diversity of actions displayed by mangosteen xanthones shows that these compounds target multiple signaling pathways involved in different pathologies, and place them as valuable sources for developing new drugs to treat chronic and degenerative diseases. This review article presents a comprehensive update of the toxicological findings on animal models, and the preclinical anticancer, analgesic, neuroprotective, antidiabetic and hypolipidemic effects of G. mangostana L. extracts and its main isolates. Pharmacokinetics, drug delivery systems and reports on dose-finding human trials are also examined.
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Affiliation(s)
- Berenice Ovalle-Magallanes
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Chemistry, National Autonomous University of Mexico (UNAM), Mexico City 04510, Mexico
| | - Dianelena Eugenio-Pérez
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Chemistry, National Autonomous University of Mexico (UNAM), Mexico City 04510, Mexico
| | - José Pedraza-Chaverri
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Chemistry, National Autonomous University of Mexico (UNAM), Mexico City 04510, Mexico.
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18
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Son YO, Pratheeshkumar P, Divya SP, Zhang Z, Shi X. Nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 enhances carcinogenesis by suppressing apoptosis and promoting autophagy in nickel-transformed cells. J Biol Chem 2017; 292:8315-8330. [PMID: 28330870 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m116.773986] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2016] [Revised: 03/20/2017] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Nickel-containing compounds are widely used in industry. Nickel is a known human carcinogen that primarily affects the lungs. Proposed mechanisms of nickel-induced carcinogenesis include disruption of cellular iron homeostasis, generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS), and induction of hypoxia signaling. However, the precise molecular mechanisms of nickel-induced malignant transformation and tumor development remain unclear. This study shows that the transcription factor Nrf2 is highly expressed in lung tumor tissue and in nickel-transformed human lung bronchial epithelial BEAS-2B cells (NiT cells). Additionally, constitutively high levels of Nrf2 play a critical role in apoptosis resistance in NiT cells. Basal ROS levels were extremely low in NiT cells and were correlated with elevated expression levels of both antioxidant enzymes (e.g. catalase and superoxide dismutases) and antiapoptotic proteins (e.g. Bcl-2 and Bcl-xL). These processes are tightly controlled by Nrf2. Autophagy inhibition, induced pharmacologically or genetically, enhanced Ni2+-induced apoptosis, indicating that the induction of autophagy is the cause of apoptosis resistance in NiT cells. Using similar approaches, we show that in NiT cells the inhibition of apoptosis decreases autophagy. We have shown that Stat3, which is up-regulated by Nrf2, controls autophagy induction in NiT cells. Colony formation and tumor growth were significantly attenuated by knockdown of Nrf2 or Bcl-2. Taken together, this study demonstrates that in NiT cells constitutively high Nrf2 expression inhibits apoptosis by up-regulating antioxidant enzymes and antiapoptotic proteins to increase autophagy via Stat3 signaling. These findings indicate that the Nrf2-mediated suppression of apoptosis and promotion of autophagy contribute to nickel-induced transformation and tumorigenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Young-Ok Son
- Center for Research on Environmental Disease; Department of Toxicology and Cancer Biology, College of Medicine, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky 40536-0305; National Creative Research Initiatives Center for Osteoarthritis Pathogenesis and School of Life Sciences, Gwangju Institute of Science and Technology, Gwangju 61005, South Korea.
| | - Poyil Pratheeshkumar
- Center for Research on Environmental Disease; Department of Toxicology and Cancer Biology, College of Medicine, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky 40536-0305
| | - Sasidharan Padmaja Divya
- Department of Toxicology and Cancer Biology, College of Medicine, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky 40536-0305
| | - Zhuo Zhang
- Department of Toxicology and Cancer Biology, College of Medicine, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky 40536-0305
| | - Xianglin Shi
- Center for Research on Environmental Disease; Department of Toxicology and Cancer Biology, College of Medicine, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky 40536-0305.
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Apple ethanol extract promotes proliferation of human adult stem cells, which involves the regenerative potential of stem cells. Nutr Res 2016; 36:925-936. [PMID: 27632912 DOI: 10.1016/j.nutres.2016.06.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2016] [Revised: 06/17/2016] [Accepted: 06/20/2016] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Tissue regeneration using adult stem cells (ASCs) has significant potential as a novel treatment for many degenerative diseases. Previous studies have established that age negatively affects the proliferation status and differentiation potential of ASCs, suggesting a possible limitation in their potential therapeutic use. Therefore, we hypothesized that apple extract might exert beneficial effects on ASCs. The specific objectives were to investigate the proliferative effect of apple ethanol extract on human adipose tissue-derived mesenchymal stem cells (ADSCs) and human cord blood-derived mesenchymal stem cells (CB-MSCs), and identify the possible molecular mechanisms. Apple extract promoted proliferation of ADSCs and CB-MSCs as determined by 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide and Click-iT 5-ethynyl-2'-deoxyuridine flow cytometry assays. In addition, phosphorylation of p44/42 MAPK (ERK), mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR), p70 S6 kinase (p70S6K), S6 ribosomal protein (S6RP), eukaryotic initiation factor (eIF) 4B and eIF4E was induced stepwise in ADSCs. Furthermore, apple extract significantly induced the production of vascular endothelial growth factor and interleukin-6 in both ADSCs and CB-MSCs. Similarly, apple extract-induced phosphorylation of the mTOR/p70S6K/S6RP/eIF4B/eIF4E pathway was blocked by pretreatment with PD98059, a specific ERK inhibitor. These results indicate that apple extract-induced proliferation of ADSCs under serum-free conditions is mediated by ERK-dependent cytokine production. Moreover, the beneficial effect of apple extract on proliferation of ASCs may overcome the limitation in therapeutic use of stem cells in tissue regeneration and maintenance of stem cell homeostasis.
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