1
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Lv MT, Wang HC, Meng XW, Shi YT, Zhang YM, Shan LL, Shi RL, Ni TJ, Duan YC, Yang ZJ, Zhang W. In silico and in vitro analyses of a novel FoxO1 agonist reducing Aβ levels via downregulation of BACE1. CNS Neurosci Ther 2024; 30:e14140. [PMID: 36892036 PMCID: PMC10915984 DOI: 10.1111/cns.14140] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2022] [Revised: 01/30/2023] [Accepted: 02/16/2023] [Indexed: 03/10/2023] Open
Abstract
AIMS FoxO1 is an important target in the treatment of Alzheimer's disease (AD). However, FoxO1-specific agonists and their effects on AD have not yet been reported. This study aimed to identify small molecules that upregulate the activity of FoxO1 to attenuate the symptoms of AD. METHODS FoxO1 agonists were identified by in silico screening and molecular dynamics simulation. Western blotting and reverse transcription-quantitative polymerase chain reaction assays were used to assess protein and gene expression levels of P21, BIM, and PPARγ downstream of FoxO1 in SH-SY5Y cells, respectively. Western blotting and enzyme-linked immunoassays were performed to explore the effect of FoxO1 agonists on APP metabolism. RESULTS N-(3-methylisothiazol-5-yl)-2-(2-oxobenzo[d]oxazol-3(2H)-yl) acetamide (compound D) had the highest affinity for FoxO1. Compound D activated FoxO1 and regulated the expression of its downstream target genes, P21, BIM, and PPARγ. In SH-SY5Y cells treated with compound D, BACE1 expression levels were downregulated, and the levels of Aβ1-40 and Aβ1-42 were also reduced. CONCLUSIONS We present a novel small-molecule FoxO1 agonist with good anti-AD effects. This study highlights a promising strategy for new drug discovery for AD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ming-Ti Lv
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, China
| | - He-Cheng Wang
- School of Life and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Dalian University of Technology, Panjin, China
| | - Xiao-Wen Meng
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, China
| | - Ya-Ting Shi
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, China
| | - Yi-Min Zhang
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, China
| | - Lin-Lin Shan
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, China
| | - Ru-Ling Shi
- School of Medical Technology, Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, China
| | - Tian-Jun Ni
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, China
| | - Ying-Chao Duan
- School of Pharmacy, Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, China
| | - Zhi-Jun Yang
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, China
- School of Life Science and Technology, Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, China
| | - Wei Zhang
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, China
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2
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Rather HA, Almousa S, Kumar A, Sharma M, Pennington I, Kim S, Su Y, He Y, Ghara AR, Sai KKS, Navone NM, Vander Griend DJ, Deep G. The β-Secretase 1 Enzyme as a Novel Therapeutic Target for Prostate Cancer. Cancers (Basel) 2023; 16:10. [PMID: 38201438 PMCID: PMC10778021 DOI: 10.3390/cancers16010010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2023] [Accepted: 12/04/2023] [Indexed: 01/12/2024] Open
Abstract
Recent studies have demonstrated the association of APP and Aβ with cancer, suggesting that BACE1 may play an important role in carcinogenesis. In the present study, we assessed BACE1's usefulness as a therapeutic target in prostate cancer (PCa). BACE1 expression was observed in human PCa tissue samples, patient-derived xenografts (PDX), human PCa xenograft tissue in nude mice, and transgenic adenocarcinoma of the mouse prostate (TRAMP) tissues by immunohistochemistry (IHC) analysis. Additionally, the downstream product of BACE1 activity, i.e., Aβ1-42 expression, was also observed in these PCa tissues by IHC as well as by PET imaging in TRAMP mice. Furthermore, BACE1 gene expression and activity was confirmed in several established PCa cell lines (LNCaP, C4-2B-enzalutamide sensitive [S], C4-2B-enzalutamide resistant [R], 22Rv1-S, 22Rv1-R, PC3, DU145, and TRAMP-C1) by real-time PCR and fluorometric assay, respectively. Treatment with a pharmacological inhibitor of BACE1 (MK-8931) strongly reduced the proliferation of PCa cells in in vitro and in vivo models, analyzed by multiple assays (MTT, clonogenic, and trypan blue exclusion assays and IHC). Cell cycle analyses revealed an increase in the sub-G1 population and a significant modulation in other cell cycle stages (G1/S/G2/M) following MK-8931 treatment. Most importantly, in vivo administration of MK-8931 intraperitoneal (30 mg/kg) strongly inhibited TRAMP-C1 allograft growth in immunocompetent C57BL/6 mice (approximately 81% decrease, p = 0.019). Furthermore, analysis of tumor tissue using the prostate cancer-specific pathway array revealed the alteration of several genes involved in PCa growth and progression including Forkhead O1 (FOXO1). All together, these findings suggest BACE1 as a novel therapeutic target in advanced PCa.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hilal A. Rather
- Department of Cancer Biology, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC 27157, USA; (H.A.R.); (S.A.); (A.K.); (M.S.); (I.P.); (S.K.); (Y.S.); (Y.H.); (A.R.G.)
| | - Sameh Almousa
- Department of Cancer Biology, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC 27157, USA; (H.A.R.); (S.A.); (A.K.); (M.S.); (I.P.); (S.K.); (Y.S.); (Y.H.); (A.R.G.)
| | - Ashish Kumar
- Department of Cancer Biology, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC 27157, USA; (H.A.R.); (S.A.); (A.K.); (M.S.); (I.P.); (S.K.); (Y.S.); (Y.H.); (A.R.G.)
| | - Mitu Sharma
- Department of Cancer Biology, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC 27157, USA; (H.A.R.); (S.A.); (A.K.); (M.S.); (I.P.); (S.K.); (Y.S.); (Y.H.); (A.R.G.)
| | - Isabel Pennington
- Department of Cancer Biology, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC 27157, USA; (H.A.R.); (S.A.); (A.K.); (M.S.); (I.P.); (S.K.); (Y.S.); (Y.H.); (A.R.G.)
| | - Susy Kim
- Department of Cancer Biology, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC 27157, USA; (H.A.R.); (S.A.); (A.K.); (M.S.); (I.P.); (S.K.); (Y.S.); (Y.H.); (A.R.G.)
| | - Yixin Su
- Department of Cancer Biology, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC 27157, USA; (H.A.R.); (S.A.); (A.K.); (M.S.); (I.P.); (S.K.); (Y.S.); (Y.H.); (A.R.G.)
| | - Yangen He
- Department of Cancer Biology, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC 27157, USA; (H.A.R.); (S.A.); (A.K.); (M.S.); (I.P.); (S.K.); (Y.S.); (Y.H.); (A.R.G.)
| | - Abdollah R. Ghara
- Department of Cancer Biology, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC 27157, USA; (H.A.R.); (S.A.); (A.K.); (M.S.); (I.P.); (S.K.); (Y.S.); (Y.H.); (A.R.G.)
| | - Kiran Kumar Solingapuram Sai
- Department of Radiology, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC 27157, USA;
- Atrium Health Wake Forest Baptist Comprehensive Cancer Center, Winston-Salem, NC 27157, USA
- Sticht Center for Healthy Aging and Alzheimer’s Prevention, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC 27157, USA
| | - Nora M. Navone
- Department of Genitourinary Medical Oncology, David H. Koch Center for Applied Research of Genitourinary Cancers, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA;
| | | | - Gagan Deep
- Department of Cancer Biology, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC 27157, USA; (H.A.R.); (S.A.); (A.K.); (M.S.); (I.P.); (S.K.); (Y.S.); (Y.H.); (A.R.G.)
- Atrium Health Wake Forest Baptist Comprehensive Cancer Center, Winston-Salem, NC 27157, USA
- Sticht Center for Healthy Aging and Alzheimer’s Prevention, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC 27157, USA
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3
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Maiese K. The impact of aging and oxidative stress in metabolic and nervous system disorders: programmed cell death and molecular signal transduction crosstalk. Front Immunol 2023; 14:1273570. [PMID: 38022638 PMCID: PMC10663950 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2023.1273570] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2023] [Accepted: 10/23/2023] [Indexed: 12/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Life expectancy is increasing throughout the world and coincides with a rise in non-communicable diseases (NCDs), especially for metabolic disease that includes diabetes mellitus (DM) and neurodegenerative disorders. The debilitating effects of metabolic disorders influence the entire body and significantly affect the nervous system impacting greater than one billion people with disability in the peripheral nervous system as well as with cognitive loss, now the seventh leading cause of death worldwide. Metabolic disorders, such as DM, and neurologic disease remain a significant challenge for the treatment and care of individuals since present therapies may limit symptoms but do not halt overall disease progression. These clinical challenges to address the interplay between metabolic and neurodegenerative disorders warrant innovative strategies that can focus upon the underlying mechanisms of aging-related disorders, oxidative stress, cell senescence, and cell death. Programmed cell death pathways that involve autophagy, apoptosis, ferroptosis, and pyroptosis can play a critical role in metabolic and neurodegenerative disorders and oversee processes that include insulin resistance, β-cell function, mitochondrial integrity, reactive oxygen species release, and inflammatory cell activation. The silent mating type information regulation 2 homolog 1 (Saccharomyces cerevisiae) (SIRT1), AMP activated protein kinase (AMPK), and Wnt1 inducible signaling pathway protein 1 (WISP1) are novel targets that can oversee programmed cell death pathways tied to β-nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD+), nicotinamide, apolipoprotein E (APOE), severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS-CoV-2) exposure with coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), and trophic factors, such as erythropoietin (EPO). The pathways of programmed cell death, SIRT1, AMPK, and WISP1 offer exciting prospects for maintaining metabolic homeostasis and nervous system function that can be compromised during aging-related disorders and lead to cognitive impairment, but these pathways have dual roles in determining the ultimate fate of cells and organ systems that warrant thoughtful insight into complex autofeedback mechanisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kenneth Maiese
- Innovation and Commercialization, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, United States
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4
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Teaney NA, Cyr NE. FoxO1 as a tissue-specific therapeutic target for type 2 diabetes. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2023; 14:1286838. [PMID: 37941908 PMCID: PMC10629996 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2023.1286838] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2023] [Accepted: 10/06/2023] [Indexed: 11/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Forkhead box O (FoxO) proteins are transcription factors that mediate many aspects of physiology and thus have been targeted as therapeutics for several diseases including metabolic disorders such as type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2D). The role of FoxO1 in metabolism has been well studied, but recently FoxO1's potential for diabetes prevention and therapy has been debated. For example, studies have shown that increased FoxO1 activity in certain tissue types contributes to T2D pathology, symptoms, and comorbidities, yet in other tissue types elevated FoxO1 has been reported to alleviate symptoms associated with diabetes. Furthermore, studies have reported opposite effects of active FoxO1 in the same tissue type. For example, in the liver, FoxO1 contributes to T2D by increasing hepatic glucose production. However, FoxO1 has been shown to either increase or decrease hepatic lipogenesis as well as adipogenesis in white adipose tissue. In skeletal muscle, FoxO1 reduces glucose uptake and oxidation, promotes lipid uptake and oxidation, and increases muscle atrophy. While many studies show that FoxO1 lowers pancreatic insulin production and secretion, others show the opposite, especially in response to oxidative stress and inflammation. Elevated FoxO1 in the hypothalamus increases the risk of developing T2D. However, increased FoxO1 may mitigate Alzheimer's disease, a neurodegenerative disease strongly associated with T2D. Conversely, accumulating evidence implicates increased FoxO1 with Parkinson's disease pathogenesis. Here we review FoxO1's actions in T2D conditions in metabolic tissues that abundantly express FoxO1 and highlight some of the current studies targeting FoxO1 for T2D treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicole A. Teaney
- Stonehill College, Neuroscience Program, Easton, MA, United States
| | - Nicole E. Cyr
- Stonehill College, Neuroscience Program, Easton, MA, United States
- Stonehill College, Department of Biology, Easton, MA, United States
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5
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Maiese K. Cognitive Impairment in Multiple Sclerosis. Bioengineering (Basel) 2023; 10:871. [PMID: 37508898 PMCID: PMC10376413 DOI: 10.3390/bioengineering10070871] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2023] [Revised: 07/19/2023] [Accepted: 07/21/2023] [Indexed: 07/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Almost three million individuals suffer from multiple sclerosis (MS) throughout the world, a demyelinating disease in the nervous system with increased prevalence over the last five decades, and is now being recognized as one significant etiology of cognitive loss and dementia. Presently, disease modifying therapies can limit the rate of relapse and potentially reduce brain volume loss in patients with MS, but unfortunately cannot prevent disease progression or the onset of cognitive disability. Innovative strategies are therefore required to address areas of inflammation, immune cell activation, and cell survival that involve novel pathways of programmed cell death, mammalian forkhead transcription factors (FoxOs), the mechanistic target of rapamycin (mTOR), AMP activated protein kinase (AMPK), the silent mating type information regulation 2 homolog 1 (Saccharomyces cerevisiae) (SIRT1), and associated pathways with the apolipoprotein E (APOE-ε4) gene and severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus (SARS-CoV-2). These pathways are intertwined at multiple levels and can involve metabolic oversight with cellular metabolism dependent upon nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD+). Insight into the mechanisms of these pathways can provide new avenues of discovery for the therapeutic treatment of dementia and loss in cognition that occurs during MS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kenneth Maiese
- Cellular and Molecular Signaling, New York, NY 10022, USA
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6
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Fredi BM, De Labio RW, Rasmussen LT, Chagas EFB, Chen ES, Turecki G, Smith MDAC, Payão SLM. CDK10, CDK11, FOXO1, and FOXO3 Gene Expression in Alzheimer's Disease Encephalic Samples. Cell Mol Neurobiol 2023:10.1007/s10571-023-01341-9. [PMID: 36988771 DOI: 10.1007/s10571-023-01341-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2022] [Accepted: 03/22/2023] [Indexed: 03/30/2023]
Abstract
Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a progressive neuroinflammatory and neurodegenerative disorder that affects different regions of the brain. Its pathophysiology includes the accumulation of β-amyloid protein, formation of neurofibrillary tangles, and inflammatory processes. Genetic factors are involved in the onset of AD, but they are not fully elucidated. Identification of gene expression in encephalic tissues of patients with AD may help elucidate its development. Our objectives were to characterize and compare the gene expression of CDK10, CDK11, FOXO1, and FOXO3 in encephalic tissue samples from AD patients and elderly controls, from the auditory cortex and cerebellum. RT-qPCR was used on samples from 82 individuals (45 with AD and 37 controls). We observed a statistically significant increase in CDK10 (p = 0.029*) and CDK11 (p = 0.048*) gene expression in the AD group compared to the control, which was most evident in the cerebellum. Furthermore, the Spearman test demonstrated the presence of a positive correlation of gene expression both in the auditory cortex in the AD group (r = 0.046/p = 0.004) and control group (r = 0.454/p = 0.005); and in the cerebellum in the AD group (r = 0.654 /p < 0.001). There was no statistically significant difference and correlation in the gene expression of FOXO1 and FOXO3 in the AD group and the control. In conclusion, CDK10 and CDK11 have high expression in AD patients compared to control, and they present a positive correlation of gene expression in the analyzed groups and tissues, which suggests that they play an important role in the pathogenesis of AD.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Elizabeth Suchi Chen
- Escola Paulista de Medicina, Federal University of São Paulo, São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Gustavo Turecki
- The Douglas-Bell Canada Brain Bank, Douglas Mental Health University, Montreal, QC, Canada
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7
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Sousa JA, Bernardes C, Bernardo-Castro S, Lino M, Albino I, Ferreira L, Brás J, Guerreiro R, Tábuas-Pereira M, Baldeiras I, Santana I, Sargento-Freitas J. Reconsidering the role of blood-brain barrier in Alzheimer's disease: From delivery to target. Front Aging Neurosci 2023; 15:1102809. [PMID: 36875694 PMCID: PMC9978015 DOI: 10.3389/fnagi.2023.1102809] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2022] [Accepted: 01/30/2023] [Indexed: 02/18/2023] Open
Abstract
The existence of a selective blood-brain barrier (BBB) and neurovascular coupling are two unique central nervous system vasculature features that result in an intimate relationship between neurons, glia, and blood vessels. This leads to a significant pathophysiological overlap between neurodegenerative and cerebrovascular diseases. Alzheimer's disease (AD) is the most prevalent neurodegenerative disease whose pathogenesis is still to be unveiled but has mostly been explored under the light of the amyloid-cascade hypothesis. Either as a trigger, bystander, or consequence of neurodegeneration, vascular dysfunction is an early component of the pathological conundrum of AD. The anatomical and functional substrate of this neurovascular degeneration is the BBB, a dynamic and semi-permeable interface between blood and the central nervous system that has consistently been shown to be defective. Several molecular and genetic changes have been demonstrated to mediate vascular dysfunction and BBB disruption in AD. The isoform ε4 of Apolipoprotein E is at the same time the strongest genetic risk factor for AD and a known promoter of BBB dysfunction. Low-density lipoprotein receptor-related protein 1 (LRP-1), P-glycoprotein, and receptor for advanced glycation end products (RAGE) are examples of BBB transporters implicated in its pathogenesis due to their role in the trafficking of amyloid-β. This disease is currently devoid of strategies that change the natural course of this burdening illness. This unsuccess may partly be explained by our misunderstanding of the disease pathogenesis and our inability to develop drugs that are effectively delivered to the brain. BBB may represent a therapeutic opportunity as a target itself or as a therapeutic vehicle. In this review, we aim to explore the role of BBB in the pathogenesis of AD including the genetic background and detail how it can be targeted in future therapeutic research.
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Affiliation(s)
- João André Sousa
- Department of Neurology, Centro Hospitalar e Universitário de Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Catarina Bernardes
- Department of Neurology, Centro Hospitalar e Universitário de Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Sara Bernardo-Castro
- Department of Neurology, Centro Hospitalar e Universitário de Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal.,Faculty of Medicine, University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Miguel Lino
- Centre for Neuroscience and Cell Biology, University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Inês Albino
- Centre for Neuroscience and Cell Biology, University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Lino Ferreira
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal.,Centre for Neuroscience and Cell Biology, University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal
| | - José Brás
- Department of Neurodegenerative Science, Van Andel Institute, Grand Rapids, MI, United States
| | - Rita Guerreiro
- Department of Neurodegenerative Science, Van Andel Institute, Grand Rapids, MI, United States
| | - Miguel Tábuas-Pereira
- Department of Neurology, Centro Hospitalar e Universitário de Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal.,Faculty of Medicine, University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Inês Baldeiras
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal.,Centre for Innovative Biomedicine and Biotechnology (CIBB), University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Isabel Santana
- Department of Neurology, Centro Hospitalar e Universitário de Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal.,Faculty of Medicine, University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal.,Centre for Innovative Biomedicine and Biotechnology (CIBB), University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal
| | - João Sargento-Freitas
- Department of Neurology, Centro Hospitalar e Universitário de Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal.,Faculty of Medicine, University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal.,Centre for Neuroscience and Cell Biology, University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal.,Centre for Innovative Biomedicine and Biotechnology (CIBB), University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal
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8
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Huang J, Hong L, Shen B, Zhou Y, Lan J, Peng Y. FOXO1 represses MCL1 transcription to regulate the function of vascular smooth muscle cells in intracranial aneurysm. Exp Brain Res 2022; 240:2861-2870. [DOI: 10.1007/s00221-022-06461-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2022] [Accepted: 09/03/2022] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
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9
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Wang L, Zhen H, Sun Y, Rong S, Li B, Song Z, Liu Z, Li Z, Ding J, Yang H, Zhang X, Sun H, Nie C. Plasma Exo-miRNAs Correlated with AD-Related Factors of Chinese Individuals Involved in Aβ Accumulation and Cognition Decline. Mol Neurobiol 2022; 59:6790-6804. [PMID: 36040555 PMCID: PMC9425792 DOI: 10.1007/s12035-022-03012-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2021] [Accepted: 07/29/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Numerous studies have investigated the risk factors of Alzheimer’s disease (AD); however, AD-risk factors related miRNAs were rarely reported. In this study, AD-risk factor related miRNAs of 105 Chinese individuals (45 AD patients and 60 cognitively normal controls) were investigated. The results showed that Hsa-miR-185-5p, Hsa-miR-20a-5p, and Hsa-miR-497-5p were related to AD and education, Hsa-miR-185-5p, Hsa-miR-181c-5p, Hsa-miR-664a-3p, Hsa-miR-27a-3p, Hsa-miR-451a, and Hsa-miR-320a were related to AD and depression. Target prediction of above miRNAs showed that these miRNAs were involved in the generation and clearance of amyloid-beta (Aβ), important molecules related to cognition, and disease-activated microglia response to AD. It is worth noting that Hsa-miR-185-5p was related to both education and depression, whose decreased expression pattern in AD patients was alleviated by education and enhanced by depression, and participates in Aβ generation and accumulation. Our results indicated that certain education and depression factors can contribute to AD progression by modulating miRNA expression, implying that preventive interventions might alter AD progression in Chinese patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lifang Wang
- BGI-Shenzhen, Shenzhen, 518083, China.,China National GeneBank, BGI-Shenzhen, Shenzhen, 518120, China.,Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Neurogenomics, BGI-Shenzhen, Shenzhen, 518083, China
| | - Hefu Zhen
- BGI-Shenzhen, Shenzhen, 518083, China.,China National GeneBank, BGI-Shenzhen, Shenzhen, 518120, China.,Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Neurogenomics, BGI-Shenzhen, Shenzhen, 518083, China
| | - Yuzhe Sun
- BGI-Shenzhen, Shenzhen, 518083, China.,China National GeneBank, BGI-Shenzhen, Shenzhen, 518120, China.,Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Neurogenomics, BGI-Shenzhen, Shenzhen, 518083, China
| | - Shuang Rong
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, School of Public Health, Medical College, Wuhan University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Benchao Li
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, School of Public Health, Medical College, Wuhan University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Zhijie Song
- BGI-Shenzhen, Shenzhen, 518083, China.,James D. Watson Institute of Genome Sciences, Hangzhou, 310058, China
| | - Zhili Liu
- BGI-Shenzhen, Shenzhen, 518083, China.,James D. Watson Institute of Genome Sciences, Hangzhou, 310058, China
| | - Zhiming Li
- BGI-Shenzhen, Shenzhen, 518083, China.,China National GeneBank, BGI-Shenzhen, Shenzhen, 518120, China.,Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Neurogenomics, BGI-Shenzhen, Shenzhen, 518083, China
| | - Jiahong Ding
- BGI-Shenzhen, Shenzhen, 518083, China.,China National GeneBank, BGI-Shenzhen, Shenzhen, 518120, China.,Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Neurogenomics, BGI-Shenzhen, Shenzhen, 518083, China
| | - Huanming Yang
- BGI-Shenzhen, Shenzhen, 518083, China.,College of Life Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Xiuqing Zhang
- BGI-Shenzhen, Shenzhen, 518083, China.,China National GeneBank, BGI-Shenzhen, Shenzhen, 518120, China.,Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Neurogenomics, BGI-Shenzhen, Shenzhen, 518083, China
| | - Haixi Sun
- BGI-Shenzhen, Shenzhen, 518083, China. .,China National GeneBank, BGI-Shenzhen, Shenzhen, 518120, China. .,Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Neurogenomics, BGI-Shenzhen, Shenzhen, 518083, China. .,James D. Watson Institute of Genome Sciences, Hangzhou, 310058, China. .,BGI-Beijing, Beijing, 102601, China.
| | - Chao Nie
- BGI-Shenzhen, Shenzhen, 518083, China. .,China National GeneBank, BGI-Shenzhen, Shenzhen, 518120, China. .,Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Neurogenomics, BGI-Shenzhen, Shenzhen, 518083, China.
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10
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Wei C, Li S, Zhu Y, Chen W, Li C, Xu R. Network pharmacology identify intersection genes of quercetin and Alzheimer’s disease as potential therapeutic targets. Front Aging Neurosci 2022; 14:902092. [PMID: 36081896 PMCID: PMC9447902 DOI: 10.3389/fnagi.2022.902092] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2022] [Accepted: 08/01/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Currently, there are no efficient therapies for Alzheimer’s disease (AD) among the elderly, although it is the most common etiology of dementia among the elderly. Quercetin, which has a variety of therapeutic properties, may pave the way for novel approaches to AD treatment. In the AD patients’ frontal cortex, current study aims to identify the potential mechanisms of quercetin’s pharmacological targets. Materials and methods The pharmacological targets of quercetin have been studied from DrugBank and SwissTarget. In order to distinguish AD-associated genes targeted by quercetin (Q-ADGs), we utilized an integrated intersection of gene expressions of the frontal cortex in combination with transcriptome analysis. To detect cortex-related Q-ADGs and immune-related Q-ADGs, a drug screening database and the immune infiltration analysis was utilized. The Q-ADGs were then linked with the AD severity scores (MMSE scores) to find severity-associated Q-ADGs. In addition, the miRNA-seq datasets were examined to identify severity-associated Q-ADG-miRNAs. Twelve genes, more frequently related to AD by previous studies among all the genes identified in the present study, were subjected to the verification of qRT-PCR in AD cell model. Results In the frontal lobe of AD, 207 Q-ADGs were discovered and found that axonogenesis, glial differentiation, and other biological processes had been enriched. There were 155 immune-related Q-ADGs (e.g., COX2, NOS2, HMGB1) and 65 cortex-related Q-ADGs (e.g., FOXO1, CXCL16, NOTCH3). Sixteen Q-ADGs (e.g., STAT3, RORA, BCL6) and 28 miRNAs (e.g., miR-142-5p, miR-17-5p) were found to be related to MMSE scores. In the qRT-PCR results, six out of twelve genes were significantly regulated by quercetin. DYRK1A, FOXO1, NOS2, NGF, NQO1, and RORA genes were novel target of quercetin in AD. DYRK1A, NOS2, and NQO1 genes targeted by quercetin have benefits in the treatment of AD. However, FOXO1, NGF, and RORA genes targeted by quercetin might have a negative impact on AD. Conclusion The role of quercetin in AD appears to be multifaceted, and it can affect patients’ frontal cortex in a variety of pathways, such as axonogenesis, immune infiltration, and glial cell differentiation. DYRK1A, NOS2, and NQO1 might be potential novel effective drug targets for quercetin in AD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Caihui Wei
- Department of Neurology, Jiangxi Provincial People’s Hospital, Medical College of Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
| | - Shu Li
- Department of Neurology, Jiangxi Provincial People’s Hospital, Medical College of Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
| | - Yu Zhu
- Department of Neurology, Jiangxi Provincial People’s Hospital, Medical College of Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
| | - Wenzhi Chen
- Department of Neurology, Jiangxi Provincial People’s Hospital, Medical College of Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
| | - Cheng Li
- Department of Neurology, Jiangxi Provincial People’s Hospital, Medical College of Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
| | - Renshi Xu
- Department of Neurology, Jiangxi Provincial People’s Hospital, Medical College of Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang Medical College, Jiangxi Provincial People’s Hospital, Nanchang, China
- *Correspondence: Renshi Xu,
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11
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Deng C, Chen H, Meng Z, Meng S. Roles of traditional chinese medicine regulating neuroendocrinology on AD treatment. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2022; 13:955618. [PMID: 36213283 PMCID: PMC9533021 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2022.955618] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2022] [Accepted: 09/01/2022] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
The incidence of sporadic Alzheimer's disease (AD) is increasing in recent years. Studies have shown that in addition to some genetic abnormalities, the majority of AD patients has a history of long-term exposure to risk factors. Neuroendocrine related risk factors have been proved to be strongly associated with AD. Long-term hormone disorder can have a direct detrimental effect on the brain by producing an AD-like pathology and result in cognitive decline by impairing neuronal metabolism, plasticity and survival. Traditional Chinese Medicine(TCM) may regulate the complex process of endocrine disorders, and improve metabolic abnormalities, as well as the resulting neuroinflammation and oxidative damage through a variety of pathways. TCM has unique therapeutic advantages in treating early intervention of AD-related neuroendocrine disorders and preventing cognitive decline. This paper reviewed the relationship between neuroendocrine and AD as well as the related TCM treatment and its mechanism. The advantages of TCM intervention on endocrine disorders and some pending problems was also discussed, and new insights for TCM treatment of dementia in the future was provided.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chujun Deng
- Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University Affiliated Sixth People’s Hospital, Shanghai, China
| | - Huize Chen
- Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University Affiliated Sixth People’s Hospital, Shanghai, China
| | - Zeyu Meng
- The Second Clinical Medical College, Heilongjiang University of Chinese Medicine, Harbin, China
| | - Shengxi Meng
- Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University Affiliated Sixth People’s Hospital, Shanghai, China
- *Correspondence: Shengxi Meng,
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12
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Zhang W, Bai SS, Zhang Q, Shi RL, Wang HC, Liu YC, Ni TJ, Wu Y, Yao ZY, Sun Y, Wang MY. Physalin B reduces Aβ secretion through down-regulation of BACE1 expression by activating FoxO1 and inhibiting STAT3 phosphorylation. Chin J Nat Med 2021; 19:732-740. [PMID: 34688463 DOI: 10.1016/s1875-5364(21)60090-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2021] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Physalin B (PB), one of the major active steroidal constituents of Solanaceae Physalis plants, has a wide variety of biological activities. We found that PB significantly down-regulated β-amyloid (Aβ) secretion in N2a/APPsw cells. However, the underlying mechanisms are not well understood. In the current study, we investigated the changes in key enzymes involved in β-amyloid precursor protein (APP) metabolism and other APP metabolites by treating N2a/APPsw cells with PB at different concentrations. The results indicated that PB reduced Aβ secretion, which was caused by down-regulation of β-secretase (BACE1) expression, as indicated at both the protein and mRNA levels. Further research revealed that PB regulated BACE1 expression by inducing the activation of forkhead box O1 (FoxO1) and inhibiting the phosphorylation of signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 (STAT3). In addition, the effect of PB on BACE1 expression and Aβ secretion was reversed by treatment with FoxO1 siRNA and STAT3 antagonist S3I-201. In conclusion, these data demonstrated that PB can effectively down-regulate the expression of BACE1 to reduce Aβsecretion by activating the expression of FoxO1 and inhibiting the phosphorylation of STAT3.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Zhang
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang 453003, China
| | - Shan-Shan Bai
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang 453003, China; Central Laboratory, the First Affiliated Hospital of Henan University of Science and Technology, Luoyang 471003, China
| | - Qi Zhang
- Grade 2019, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang 453003, China
| | - Ru-Ling Shi
- School of Public Health, Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang 453003, China
| | - He-Cheng Wang
- School of Life and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Dalian University of Technology, Panjin 124221, China
| | - You-Cai Liu
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Sanquan College of Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang 453003, China
| | - Tian-Jun Ni
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang 453003, China
| | - Ying Wu
- School of Nursing Care, Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang 453003, China
| | - Zhao-Yang Yao
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang 453003, China
| | - Yi Sun
- Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing 100700, China.
| | - Ming-Yong Wang
- School of Laboratory Medicine, Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang 453003, China; Xinxiang Key Laboratory of Immunoregulation and Molecular Diagnostics, Xinxiang 453003, China.
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Oli V, Gupta R, Kumar P. FOXO and related transcription factors binding elements in the regulation of neurodegenerative disorders. J Chem Neuroanat 2021; 116:102012. [PMID: 34400291 DOI: 10.1016/j.jchemneu.2021.102012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2021] [Revised: 07/16/2021] [Accepted: 08/07/2021] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Neurodegenerative diseases, such as Alzheimer's disease, Parkinson's disease, Huntington's disease, amyotrophic lateral sclerosis, and others, are characterized by progressive loss of neuronal cells, which causes memory impairment and cognitive decline. Mounting evidence demonstrated the possible implications of diverse biological processes, namely oxidative stress, mitochondrial dysfunction, aberrant cell cycle re-entry, post-translational modifications, protein aggregation, impaired proteasome dysfunction, autophagy, and many others that cause neuronal cell death. The condition worsens as there is no effective treatment for such diseases due to their complex pathogenesis and mechanism. Mounting evidence demonstrated the role of regulatory transcription factors, such as NFκβ, FoxO, Myc, CREB, and others that regulate the biological processes and diminish the disease progression and pathogenesis. Studies demonstrated that forkhead box O (FoxO) transcription factors had been implicated in the regulation of aging and longevity. Further, the functions of FoxO proteins are regulated by different post-translational modifications (PTMs), namely acetylation, and ubiquitination. Various studies concluded that FoxO proteins exert both neuroprotective and neurotoxic properties depending on their regulation mechanism and activity in the brain. Thus, understanding the nature of FoxO expression and activity in the brain will help develop effective therapeutic strategies. Herein, firstly, we discuss the role of FoxO protein in cell cycle regulation and cell proliferation, followed by the regulation of FoxO proteins through acetylation and ubiquitination. We also briefly explain the activity and expression pattern of FoxO proteins in the neuronal cells and explain the mechanism through which FoxO proteins are rescued from oxidative stress-induced neurotoxicity. Later on, we present a detailed view of the implication of FoxO proteins in neurodegenerative disease and FoxO proteins as an effective therapeutic target.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vaibhav Oli
- Molecular Neuroscience and Functional Genomics Laboratory, Delhi Technological University (Formerly Delhi College of Engineering), India
| | - Rohan Gupta
- Molecular Neuroscience and Functional Genomics Laboratory, Delhi Technological University (Formerly Delhi College of Engineering), India
| | - Pravir Kumar
- Molecular Neuroscience and Functional Genomics Laboratory, Delhi Technological University (Formerly Delhi College of Engineering), India.
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Maiese K. Cognitive Impairment and Dementia: Gaining Insight through Circadian Clock Gene Pathways. Biomolecules 2021; 11:1002. [PMID: 34356626 PMCID: PMC8301848 DOI: 10.3390/biom11071002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2021] [Revised: 07/05/2021] [Accepted: 07/07/2021] [Indexed: 01/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Neurodegenerative disorders affect fifteen percent of the world's population and pose a significant financial burden to all nations. Cognitive impairment is the seventh leading cause of death throughout the globe. Given the enormous challenges to treat cognitive disorders, such as Alzheimer's disease, and the inability to markedly limit disease progression, circadian clock gene pathways offer an exciting strategy to address cognitive loss. Alterations in circadian clock genes can result in age-related motor deficits, affect treatment regimens with neurodegenerative disorders, and lead to the onset and progression of dementia. Interestingly, circadian pathways hold an intricate relationship with autophagy, the mechanistic target of rapamycin (mTOR), the silent mating type information regulation 2 homolog 1 (Saccharomyces cerevisiae) (SIRT1), mammalian forkhead transcription factors (FoxOs), and the trophic factor erythropoietin. Autophagy induction is necessary to maintain circadian rhythm homeostasis and limit cortical neurodegenerative disease, but requires a fine balance in biological activity to foster proper circadian clock gene regulation that is intimately dependent upon mTOR, SIRT1, FoxOs, and growth factor expression. Circadian rhythm mechanisms offer innovative prospects for the development of new avenues to comprehend the underlying mechanisms of cognitive loss and forge ahead with new therapeutics for dementia that can offer effective clinical treatments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kenneth Maiese
- Cellular and Molecular Signaling, New York, NY 10022, USA
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15
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Owens LV, Benedetto A, Dawson N, Gaffney CJ, Parkin ET. Gene therapy-mediated enhancement of protective protein expression for the treatment of Alzheimer's disease. Brain Res 2021; 1753:147264. [PMID: 33422539 DOI: 10.1016/j.brainres.2020.147264] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2020] [Revised: 11/22/2020] [Accepted: 12/20/2020] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
Alzheimer's disease (AD) is the leading form of dementia but lacks curative treatments. Current understanding of AD aetiology attributes the development of the disease to the misfolding of two proteins; amyloid-β (Aβ) and hyperphosphorylated tau, with their pathological accumulation leading to concomitant oxidative stress, neuroinflammation, and neuronal death. These processes are regulated at multiple levels to maintain homeostasis and avert disease. However, many of the relevant regulatory proteins appear to be downregulated in the AD-afflicted brain. Enhancement/restoration of these 'protective' proteins, therefore, represents an attractive therapeutic avenue. Gene therapy is a desirable means of achieving this because it is not associated with the side-effects linked to systemic protein administration, and sustained protein expression virtually eliminates compliance issues. The current article represents a focused and succinct review of the better established 'protective' protein targets for gene therapy enhancement/restoration rather than being designed as an exhaustive review incorporating less validated protein subjects. In addition, we will discuss how the risks associated with uncontrolled or irreversible gene expression might be mitigated through combining neuronal-specific promoters, inducible expression systems and localised injections. Whilst many of the gene therapy targets reviewed herein are yet to enter clinical trials, preclinical testing has thus far demonstrated encouraging potential for the gene therapy-based treatment of AD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lauren V Owens
- Division of Biomedical and Life Sciences, Faculty of Health and Medicine, Lancaster University, Lancaster LA1 4YG, UK
| | - Alexandre Benedetto
- Division of Biomedical and Life Sciences, Faculty of Health and Medicine, Lancaster University, Lancaster LA1 4YG, UK
| | - Neil Dawson
- Division of Biomedical and Life Sciences, Faculty of Health and Medicine, Lancaster University, Lancaster LA1 4YG, UK
| | - Christopher J Gaffney
- Lancaster Medical School, Faculty of Health and Medicine, Lancaster University, Lancaster LA1 4YG, UK
| | - Edward T Parkin
- Division of Biomedical and Life Sciences, Faculty of Health and Medicine, Lancaster University, Lancaster LA1 4YG, UK.
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16
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Maiese K. Nicotinamide as a Foundation for Treating Neurodegenerative Disease and Metabolic Disorders. Curr Neurovasc Res 2021; 18:134-149. [PMID: 33397266 PMCID: PMC8254823 DOI: 10.2174/1567202617999210104220334] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2020] [Revised: 12/18/2020] [Accepted: 12/22/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Neurodegenerative disorders impact more than one billion individuals worldwide and are intimately tied to metabolic disease that can affect another nine hundred individuals throughout the globe. Nicotinamide is a critical agent that may offer fruitful prospects for neurodegenerative diseases and metabolic disorders, such as diabetes mellitus. Nicotinamide protects against multiple toxic environments that include reactive oxygen species exposure, anoxia, excitotoxicity, ethanolinduced neuronal injury, amyloid (Aß) toxicity, age-related vascular disease, mitochondrial dysfunction, insulin resistance, excess lactate production, and loss of glucose homeostasis with pancreatic β-cell dysfunction. However, nicotinamide offers cellular protection in a specific concentration range, with dosing outside of this range leading to detrimental effects. The underlying biological pathways of nicotinamide that involve the silent mating type information regulation 2 homolog 1 (Saccharomyces cerevisiae) (SIRT1), the mechanistic target of rapamycin (mTOR), AMP activated protein kinase (AMPK), and mammalian forkhead transcription factors (FoxOs) may offer insight for the clinical translation of nicotinamide into a safe and efficacious therapy through the modulation of oxidative stress, apoptosis, and autophagy. Nicotinamide is a highly promising target for the development of innovative strategies for neurodegenerative disorders and metabolic disease, but the benefits of this foundation depend greatly on gaining a further understanding of nicotinamide's complex biology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kenneth Maiese
- Cellular and Molecular Signaling, New York, New York 10022
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