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Zhao P, Chai Y, Liu R, Yuan L. Dissipation, Residue, and Dietary Risk Assessment of Bifenthrin, Bifenazate, and Its Metabolite Bifenazate-Diazene in Apples Based on Deterministic and Probabilistic Methods. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2021; 69:14302-14310. [PMID: 34806379 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.1c05847] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
A rapid, sensitive, and effective multiresidue analytical method was established to investigate the degradation rate and final residues of bifenthrin, bifenazate, and its metabolite bifenazate-diazene in apples, and the dietary risk of consumers was evaluated. The residues of bifenthrin, bifenazate, and bifenazate-diazene in apple samples from 12 different apple-producing areas of China were determined by high-performance liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS). The average recoveries of the three compounds in apples were 88.4-104.6%, and the relative standard deviations (RSDs) were 1.3-10.5%. The limit of quantification (LOQ) for each compound was 0.01 mg/kg. Although the degradation half-lives of bifenthrin, bifenazate, and bifenazate-diazene were 17.8-28.9, 4.3-7.8, and 5.0-5.8 days, under good agricultural practice (GAP) conditions, the final residues of bifenthrin, bifenazate, and the sum of bifenazate and its metabolite bifenazate-diazene in apples were <0.01-0.049, < 0.01-0.027, and <0.02-0.056 mg/kg, respectively, which were lower than the maximum residue limit (MRL) in China. By comparing the deterministic model with the probabilistic model, the results of the probabilistic model at the P95 level (12.91-48.9% for bifenthrin, 17.48-52.01% for bifenazate including its metabolite) were selected as reasonable assessment criteria for chronic dietary risk, and the acute risk was at the P99.9 level (3.00-15.59% for bifenthrin). Although the exposure risk calculated by both the deterministic model and the probabilistic model was less than 100%, the risk to children is significantly higher than that of the general population. This suggests that in future research and policy making, we should pay more attention to the risk of vulnerable groups such as children.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peiying Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Integrated Management of Pest Insects and Rodents, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China
| | - Yida Chai
- State Key Laboratory of Integrated Management of Pest Insects and Rodents, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China
- School of Agriculture, Yangtze University, Jingzhou 434025, China
| | - Rong Liu
- Institute of Crop Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, China
| | - Longfei Yuan
- State Key Laboratory of Integrated Management of Pest Insects and Rodents, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China
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Hou H, Yu X, Dong B, Hu J. Residues and Safety Evaluation of Etoxazole, Bifenazate and Its Metabolite Bifenazate-diazene in Citrus Under Open-Field Conditions. BULLETIN OF ENVIRONMENTAL CONTAMINATION AND TOXICOLOGY 2021; 107:281-288. [PMID: 34264365 DOI: 10.1007/s00128-021-03319-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2021] [Accepted: 06/22/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
The residues of bifenazate (sum of bifenazate and bifenazate-diazene) and etoxazole in whole citrus and pulp collected from twelve regions of China were monitored and their chronic dietary risk to consumer were also evaluated. The citrus samples were extracted by a QuEChERS (quick, easy, cheap, effective, rugged, and safe) method, and analyzed by high performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (HPLC-MS/MS). The average recoveries of target compounds were ranged from 83 to 100% with relative standard deviations (RSDs) of 0.59-11.8%. The limits of quantification (LOQs) for three analytes were 0.01 mg/kg. At the interval to harvest of 20 and 30 days, the residues of total bifenazate and etoxazole were from below 0.02 to 0.26 mg/kg and from below 0.01 to 0.30 mg/kg in citrus samples. The chronic risk quotients (RQs) were below 100%, indicating no unacceptable risk to consumers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huizhen Hou
- Laboratory of Pesticide Residues and Environmental Toxicology, School of Chemistry and Biological Engineering, University of Science and Technology Beijing, 30 Xueyuan Road, Haidian District, Beijing, 100083, China
| | - Xiaoxu Yu
- Laboratory of Pesticide Residues and Environmental Toxicology, School of Chemistry and Biological Engineering, University of Science and Technology Beijing, 30 Xueyuan Road, Haidian District, Beijing, 100083, China
| | - Bizhang Dong
- Laboratory of Pesticide Residues and Environmental Toxicology, School of Chemistry and Biological Engineering, University of Science and Technology Beijing, 30 Xueyuan Road, Haidian District, Beijing, 100083, China
| | - Jiye Hu
- Laboratory of Pesticide Residues and Environmental Toxicology, School of Chemistry and Biological Engineering, University of Science and Technology Beijing, 30 Xueyuan Road, Haidian District, Beijing, 100083, China.
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Peng Y, Li M, Huang Y, Cheng B, Cao Z, Liao X, Xiong G, Liu F, Hu C, Lu H. Bifenazate induces developmental and immunotoxicity in zebrafish. CHEMOSPHERE 2021; 271:129457. [PMID: 33445023 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2020.129457] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2020] [Revised: 12/23/2020] [Accepted: 12/25/2020] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Bifenazate is a widely used acaricide, but its biological safety remains unknown. In the present study, the immunotoxic effects of exposure to bifenazate on zebrafish larvae were evaluated for the first time. Firstly, after exposure to bifenazate, the body length of the zebrafish larvae became shorter and the yolk sac swelled. Secondly, the number of innate immune cells and adaptive immune cells was greatly reduced. Following exposure to bifenazate, oxidative stress levels in the zebrafish increased significantly, antioxidant activity was inhibited, and the expression of genes related to antioxidants, such as those of the glutathione metabolism pathway, changed, including gclm, prdx1, serpine1, and gss. In addition, inflammatory factors such as CXCL-c1c, IFN-γ, iL-8, iL-6, and MYD88 were abnormally expressed. The use of astaxanthin was effective in rescuing the developmental toxicity caused by bifenazate exposure. In summary, bifenazate exposure is immunotoxic and can cause oxidative stress in zebrafish larvae.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuyang Peng
- Department of Bioscience, College of Life Science, Nanchang University, Nanchang, 330031, China; Jiangxi Engineering Laboratory of Zebrafish Modeling and Drug Screening for Human Diseases, Jiangxi Key Laboratory of Developmental Biology of Organs, Affiliated Hospital of Jinggangshan University, Ji'an, 343009, China
| | - Min Li
- Jiangxi Engineering Laboratory of Zebrafish Modeling and Drug Screening for Human Diseases, Jiangxi Key Laboratory of Developmental Biology of Organs, Affiliated Hospital of Jinggangshan University, Ji'an, 343009, China
| | - Yong Huang
- Center for Drug Screening and Research, School of Geography and Environmental Engineering, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Gannan Normal University, Ganzhou, 341000, Jiangxi, China
| | - Bo Cheng
- Center for Drug Screening and Research, School of Geography and Environmental Engineering, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Gannan Normal University, Ganzhou, 341000, Jiangxi, China
| | - Zigang Cao
- Jiangxi Engineering Laboratory of Zebrafish Modeling and Drug Screening for Human Diseases, Jiangxi Key Laboratory of Developmental Biology of Organs, Affiliated Hospital of Jinggangshan University, Ji'an, 343009, China
| | - Xinjun Liao
- Jiangxi Engineering Laboratory of Zebrafish Modeling and Drug Screening for Human Diseases, Jiangxi Key Laboratory of Developmental Biology of Organs, Affiliated Hospital of Jinggangshan University, Ji'an, 343009, China
| | - Guanghua Xiong
- Jiangxi Engineering Laboratory of Zebrafish Modeling and Drug Screening for Human Diseases, Jiangxi Key Laboratory of Developmental Biology of Organs, Affiliated Hospital of Jinggangshan University, Ji'an, 343009, China
| | - Fasheng Liu
- Jiangxi Engineering Laboratory of Zebrafish Modeling and Drug Screening for Human Diseases, Jiangxi Key Laboratory of Developmental Biology of Organs, Affiliated Hospital of Jinggangshan University, Ji'an, 343009, China
| | - Chengyu Hu
- Department of Bioscience, College of Life Science, Nanchang University, Nanchang, 330031, China.
| | - Huiqiang Lu
- Jiangxi Engineering Laboratory of Zebrafish Modeling and Drug Screening for Human Diseases, Jiangxi Key Laboratory of Developmental Biology of Organs, Affiliated Hospital of Jinggangshan University, Ji'an, 343009, China; Center for Drug Screening and Research, School of Geography and Environmental Engineering, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Gannan Normal University, Ganzhou, 341000, Jiangxi, China.
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Ma J, Huang Y, Peng Y, Xu Z, Wang Z, Chen X, Xie S, Jiang P, Zhong K, Lu H. Bifenazate exposure induces cardiotoxicity in zebrafish embryos. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2021; 274:116539. [PMID: 33549839 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2021.116539] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2020] [Revised: 12/24/2020] [Accepted: 01/18/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Bifenazate is a novel acaricide for selective foliar spraying and is widely used to control mites in agricultural production. However, its toxicity to aquatic organisms is unknown. Here, a zebrafish model was used to study bifenazate toxicity to aquatic organisms. Exposure to bifenazate was found to cause severe cardiotoxicity in zebrafish embryos, along with disorders in the gene expression related to heart development. Bifenazate also caused oxidative stress. Cardiotoxicity caused by bifenazate was partially rescued by astaxanthin (an antioxidant), accompanied by cardiac genes and oxidative stress-related indicators becoming normalized. Our results showed that exposure to bifenazate can significantly change the ATPase activity and gene expression levels of the calcium signaling pathway. These led to heart failure, in which the blood accumulated outside the heart without entering it, eventually leading to death. The results indicated that bifenazate exposure caused cardiotoxicity in zebrafish embryos through the induction of oxidative stress and inhibition of the calcium signaling pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jinze Ma
- Ganzhou Key Laboratory for Drug Screening and Discovery, School of Geography and Environmental Engineering, Gannan Normal University, Ganzhou, 341000, Jiangxi, China
| | - Yong Huang
- Ganzhou Key Laboratory for Drug Screening and Discovery, School of Geography and Environmental Engineering, Gannan Normal University, Ganzhou, 341000, Jiangxi, China; College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Gannan Normal University, Ganzhou, 341000 Jiangxi, China
| | - Yuyang Peng
- Ganzhou Key Laboratory for Drug Screening and Discovery, School of Geography and Environmental Engineering, Gannan Normal University, Ganzhou, 341000, Jiangxi, China
| | - Zhaopeng Xu
- Ganzhou Key Laboratory for Drug Screening and Discovery, School of Geography and Environmental Engineering, Gannan Normal University, Ganzhou, 341000, Jiangxi, China
| | - Ziqin Wang
- Ganzhou Key Laboratory for Drug Screening and Discovery, School of Geography and Environmental Engineering, Gannan Normal University, Ganzhou, 341000, Jiangxi, China
| | - Xiaobei Chen
- Ganzhou Key Laboratory for Drug Screening and Discovery, School of Geography and Environmental Engineering, Gannan Normal University, Ganzhou, 341000, Jiangxi, China
| | - Shuling Xie
- Ganzhou Key Laboratory for Drug Screening and Discovery, School of Geography and Environmental Engineering, Gannan Normal University, Ganzhou, 341000, Jiangxi, China
| | - Ping Jiang
- Ganzhou Key Laboratory for Drug Screening and Discovery, School of Geography and Environmental Engineering, Gannan Normal University, Ganzhou, 341000, Jiangxi, China
| | - Keyuan Zhong
- Ganzhou Key Laboratory for Drug Screening and Discovery, School of Geography and Environmental Engineering, Gannan Normal University, Ganzhou, 341000, Jiangxi, China
| | - Huiqiang Lu
- Ganzhou Key Laboratory for Drug Screening and Discovery, School of Geography and Environmental Engineering, Gannan Normal University, Ganzhou, 341000, Jiangxi, China; College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Gannan Normal University, Ganzhou, 341000 Jiangxi, China; Jiangxi Engineering Laboratory of Zebrafish Modeling and Drug Screening for Human Diseases, Jiangxi Key Laboratory of Developmental Biology of Organs, Affiliated Hospital of Jinggangshan University, Ji'an, 343009, China.
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Kobayashi T, Hiragaki S, Suzuki T, Ochiai N, Canlas LJ, Tufail M, Hayashi N, Mohamed AAM, Dekeyser MA, Matsuda K, Takeda M. A unique primary structure of RDL (resistant to dieldrin) confers resistance to GABA-gated chloride channel blockers in the two-spotted spider mite Tetranychus urticae Koch. J Neurochem 2020; 155:508-521. [PMID: 32895930 DOI: 10.1111/jnc.15179] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2020] [Revised: 07/13/2020] [Accepted: 08/19/2020] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
The primary structure of the second transmembrane (M2) segment of resistant to dieldrin (RDL), an ionotropic γ-aminobutyric acid receptor (GABAR) subunit, and the structure-function relationships in RDL are well conserved among insect species. An amino acid substitution at the 2' position in the M2 segment (Ala to Ser or Gly) confers resistance to non-competitive antagonists (NCAs) of GABARs. Here, a cDNA encoding RDL was cloned from the two-spotted spider mite Tetranychus urticae Koch. Unlike insect homologs, native TuRDL has His at the 2' position (H305) and Ile at 6' (I309) in the M2 segment and is insensitive to NCAs. Single and multiple mutations were introduced in the M2 segment of TuRDL, and the mutant proteins were expressed in Xenopus oocytes and examined for the restoration of sensitivity to NCAs. The sensitivity of a double mutant (H305A and I309T in the M2 segment) was greatly increased but was still considerably lower than that of insect RDLs. We therefore constructed chimeric RDLs consisting of TuRDL and Drosophila melanogaster RDL and examined their sensitivities to NCAs. The results show that the N-terminal region containing the Cys-loop as well as the M2 segment confers functional specificity; thus, our current understanding of the mechanism underlying NCA binding to GABARs requires reappraisal.
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Affiliation(s)
- Takeru Kobayashi
- Graduate School of Science and Technology, Kobe University, Kobe, Hyogo, Japan
| | - Susumu Hiragaki
- Graduate School of Science and Technology, Kobe University, Kobe, Hyogo, Japan
| | - Takeshi Suzuki
- Graduate School of Science and Technology, Kobe University, Kobe, Hyogo, Japan
| | - Noriaki Ochiai
- Graduate School of Science and Technology, Kobe University, Kobe, Hyogo, Japan
| | - Liza J Canlas
- Graduate School of Science and Technology, Kobe University, Kobe, Hyogo, Japan
| | - Muhammad Tufail
- Graduate School of Science and Technology, Kobe University, Kobe, Hyogo, Japan
| | - Naotaka Hayashi
- Graduate School of Science and Technology, Kobe University, Kobe, Hyogo, Japan
| | - Ahmed A M Mohamed
- Graduate School of Science and Technology, Kobe University, Kobe, Hyogo, Japan
| | | | - Kazuhiko Matsuda
- Department of Applied Biological Chemistry, Faculty of Agriculture, Kindai University, Nara, Japan.,Agricultural Technology and Innovation Research Institute, Kindai University, Nara, Japan
| | - Makio Takeda
- Graduate School of Science and Technology, Kobe University, Kobe, Hyogo, Japan
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Liu Z, Zhou L, Yao Q, Liu Y, Bi X, Huang J. Laboratory selection, resistance risk assessment, multi-resistance, and management of Tetranychus urticae Koch to bifenthrin, bifenazate and cyflumetofen on cowpea. PEST MANAGEMENT SCIENCE 2020; 76:1912-1919. [PMID: 31840877 DOI: 10.1002/ps.5723] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2019] [Revised: 11/25/2019] [Accepted: 12/16/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Tetranychus urticae (T. urticae) Koch is an important pest of vegetable crops worldwide. In this study, bioassays were carried out to analyze the resistance risk, multi-resistance and management of T. urticae Koch to bifenthrin, bifenazate and cyflumetofen on cowpea. RESULTS The resistance ratios of the adult T. urticae population to bifenthrin (G16), bifenazate (G12) and cyflumetofen (G12) were 31.29, 9.38 and 5.81, respectively. Realized heritability (h 2 ) analysis showed that, under a selection pressure of 50-90% mortality, the generations needed to increase 10-fold LC50 values of bifenthrin, bifenazate and cyflumetofen were 3.64-8.05, 5.75-12.71, and 10.93-24.15, respectively. No obvious multi-resistance among these three acaricides was observed. Synergist bioassay results showed that microsomal multifunctional oxidase (MFO) was involved in bifenthrin resistance of T. urticae, with a synergistic ratio of 22.38. However, MFO and GSTs were not the main factors conferring the resistance to bifenazate. MFO, glutathione S-transferases(GSTs), together with esterase contributed to the development of the resistance to cyflumetofen. Additionally, the toxicity selection index test showed that bifenazate was safe to the natural enemy Neoseiulus barkeri (N. barkeri) with a toxicity selection index (TSI) >484.85, while bifenthrin was the least safe (TSI = 0.92). CONCLUSIONS These results demonstrated the T. urticae developed higher resistance risk to bifenthrin compared to bifenazate and cyflumetofen and no obvious multi-resistance among these three acaricides, providing guidance for designing appropriate strategies for the effective application of bifenthrin, bifenazate and cyflumetofen in the field and delaying the development of insecticide resistance. © 2019 Society of Chemical Industry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhenxiu Liu
- Key Laboratory of Natural Pesticide & Chemical Biology, Ministry of Education, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Lijuan Zhou
- Key Laboratory of Natural Pesticide & Chemical Biology, Ministry of Education, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Qiang Yao
- Key Laboratory of Natural Pesticide & Chemical Biology, Ministry of Education, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yaqian Liu
- Key Laboratory of Natural Pesticide & Chemical Biology, Ministry of Education, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xiaoyang Bi
- Key Laboratory of Natural Pesticide & Chemical Biology, Ministry of Education, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jiguang Huang
- Key Laboratory of Natural Pesticide & Chemical Biology, Ministry of Education, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
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Pan D, Dou W, Yuan GR, Zhou QH, Wang JJ. Monitoring the Resistance of the Citrus Red Mite (Acari: Tetranychidae) to Four Acaricides in Different Citrus Orchards in China. JOURNAL OF ECONOMIC ENTOMOLOGY 2020; 113:918-923. [PMID: 31819971 DOI: 10.1093/jee/toz335] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
The citrus red mite, Panonychus citri (McGregor), is an important spider mite pest in citrus producing areas. Owing to long-term acaricide exposure, resistance has evolved rapidly in recent years. To evaluate the extent of resistance, seven field mite populations sampled from various geographical locations in China during 2015-2018 were tested using the leaf-dip bioassay method to determine their susceptibilities to four acaricides. In comparison with the susceptible strain maintained in the laboratory, low or moderate levels of fenpropathrin resistance, while no resistance to abamectin or cyflumetofen, were found among populations sampled from Liangping, Wanzhou, Daying, and Anyue in Southwestern China during the test period. High levels (>1,000-fold, with LC50 values that were greater than the recommended concentration) of resistance to fenpropathrin had evolved in field populations from Southern China, including Guilin, Nanning, and Yuxi, when compared with that of the susceptible strain. Populations from Guilin and Nanning also evolved high resistance levels to abamectin (1,088-fold and 1,401-fold) and cyflumetofen (2,112-fold and 9,093-fold). All the populations sampled in 2018 showed a moderate or high resistance to bifenazate. Generally, field populations of citrus red mites from Southwestern China were more sensitive to the tested acaricides than those of Southern China. The data provide a foundation for developing acaricide resistance management strategies in these regions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Deng Pan
- Key Laboratory of Entomology and Pest Control Engineering, College of Plant Protection, Southwest University, Chongqing, P.R. China
- Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Southwest University, Chongqing, P.R. China
| | - Wei Dou
- Key Laboratory of Entomology and Pest Control Engineering, College of Plant Protection, Southwest University, Chongqing, P.R. China
- Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Southwest University, Chongqing, P.R. China
| | - Guo-Rui Yuan
- Key Laboratory of Entomology and Pest Control Engineering, College of Plant Protection, Southwest University, Chongqing, P.R. China
- Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Southwest University, Chongqing, P.R. China
| | - Qi-Hao Zhou
- Key Laboratory of Entomology and Pest Control Engineering, College of Plant Protection, Southwest University, Chongqing, P.R. China
- Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Southwest University, Chongqing, P.R. China
| | - Jin-Jun Wang
- Key Laboratory of Entomology and Pest Control Engineering, College of Plant Protection, Southwest University, Chongqing, P.R. China
- Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Southwest University, Chongqing, P.R. China
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Fotoukkiaii SM, Tan Z, Xue W, Wybouw N, Van Leeuwen T. Identification and characterization of new mutations in mitochondrial cytochrome b that confer resistance to bifenazate and acequinocyl in the spider mite Tetranychus urticae. PEST MANAGEMENT SCIENCE 2020; 76:1154-1163. [PMID: 31599486 DOI: 10.1002/ps.5628] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2019] [Revised: 09/13/2019] [Accepted: 09/24/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND In spider mites, mutations in the mitochondrial cytochrome b Qo pocket have been reported to confer resistance to the Qo inhibitors bifenazate and acequinocyl. In this study, we surveyed populations of the two-spotted spider mite Tetranychus urticae for mutations in cytochrome b, linked newly discovered mutations with resistance and assessed potential pleiotropic fitness costs. RESULTS We identified two novel mutations in the Qo site: G132A (equivalent to G143A in fungi resistant to strobilurins) and G126S + A133T (previously reported to cause bifenazate and acequinocyl resistance in Panonychus citri). Two T. urticae strains carrying G132A were highly resistant to bifenazate but not acequinocyl, whereas a strain with G126S + A133T displayed high levels of acequinocyl resistance, but only moderate levels of bifenazate resistance. Bifenazate and acequinocyl resistance were inherited maternally, providing strong evidence for the involvement of these mutations in the resistance phenotype. Near isogenic lines carrying G132A revealed several fitness penalties in T. urticae; a lower net reproductive rate (R0 ), intrinsic rate of increase (rm) and finite rate of increase (LM); a higher doubling time (DT); and a more male-biased sex ratio. CONCLUSIONS Several lines of evidence were provided to support the causal role of newly discovered cytochrome b mutations in bifenazate and acequinocyl resistance. Because of the fitness costs associated with the G132A mutation, resistant T. urticae populations might be less competitive in a bifenazate-free environment, offering opportunities for resistance management. © 2019 Society of Chemical Industry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seyedeh Masoumeh Fotoukkiaii
- Department of Evolutionary and Population Biology, Institute for Biodiversity and Ecosystem Dynamics, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Zoë Tan
- Department of Evolutionary and Population Biology, Institute for Biodiversity and Ecosystem Dynamics, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Wenxin Xue
- Laboratory of Agrozoology, Department of Plants and Crops, Faculty of Bioscience Engineering, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Nicky Wybouw
- Laboratory of Agrozoology, Department of Plants and Crops, Faculty of Bioscience Engineering, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Thomas Van Leeuwen
- Laboratory of Agrozoology, Department of Plants and Crops, Faculty of Bioscience Engineering, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
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Sheng CW, Huang QT, Liu GY, Ren XX, Jiang J, Jia ZQ, Han ZJ, Zhao CQ. Neurotoxicity and mode of action of fluralaner on honeybee Apis mellifera L. PEST MANAGEMENT SCIENCE 2019; 75:2901-2909. [PMID: 31081291 DOI: 10.1002/ps.5483] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2019] [Revised: 05/06/2019] [Accepted: 05/13/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Fluralaner, a novel pesticide that targets the γ-aminobutyric acid (GABA) receptor (GABAR) subunit of resistant to dieldrin (RDL), exhibits strong potential to be an insecticide to control agricultural insect pests. However, the risk and action of fluralaner to economic insects, e.g., honeybee Apis mellifera Linnaeus, remains unclear. RESULTS In this study, both oral and contact toxicity of fluralaner to honeybee were found to be 0.13 μg adult-1 . Abamectin, dieldrin, ethiprole, α-endosulfan, fipronil and fluralaner strongly inhibited the GABA-induced current in A. mellifera RDL (AmRDL), expressed in Xenopus laevis oocytes, with median inhibitory concentration (IC50 ) values of 7.99, 868.1, 27.10, 412.0, 11.21 and 13.59 nM, respectively. The binding free energy and electrophysiological response of AmRDL and insecticides were opposite. The correlation values between toxicity (to A. mellifera) and binding free energy/electrophysiological inhibition (to AmRDL) were at a moderate level. CONCLUSION In conclusion, we report for the first time the notable risk of fluralaner to honeybee in vivo and compared the actions of GABAR-targeted insecticides on the AmRDL receptor. © 2019 Society of Chemical Industry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cheng-Wang Sheng
- College of Plant Protection, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, China
| | - Qiu-Tang Huang
- College of Plant Protection, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, China
| | - Gen-Yan Liu
- Key Laboratory for Green Chemical Process of Ministry of Education, School of Chemical Engineering and Pharmacy, Wuhan Institute of Technology, Wuhan, 430205, China
| | - Xue-Xiang Ren
- Institute of Plant Protection and Agro-Products Safety, Anhui Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hefei, 230031, China
| | - Jie Jiang
- College of Plant Protection, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, China
| | - Zhong-Qiang Jia
- College of Plant Protection, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, China
| | - Zhao-Jun Han
- College of Plant Protection, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, China
| | - Chun-Qing Zhao
- College of Plant Protection, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, China
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Huang QT, Sheng CW, Jiang J, Jia ZQ, Han ZJ, Zhao CQ, Liu GY. Functional integrity of honeybee (Apis mellifera L.) resistant to dieldrin γ-aminobutyric acid receptor channels conjugated with three fluorescent proteins. INSECT MOLECULAR BIOLOGY 2019; 28:313-320. [PMID: 30421825 DOI: 10.1111/imb.12552] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
To generate an efficient tool used in Xenopus oocyte expression for in situ investigation of channel receptor expression, distribution and function, the C-terminus of the honeybee (Apis mellifera L.) resistant to dieldrin (RDL) subunit was fused with *FP, including monomeric red, enhanced yellow or enhanced green fluorescent protein (referred to as mRFP, EYFP and EGFP, respectively). In the present study, all fused *FP-AmRDLs could be visualized using fluorescence and laser confocal microscopy in cRNA-injected oocytes. Fluorescence was distributed isotropically in the cellular membrane. The potencies of the agonist γ-aminobutyric acid (GABA), but not β-alanine, and the test antagonists (fipronil, flufiprole, dieldrin, α-endosulfan, bifenazate and avermectin B1a) in the *FP-AmRDL receptor did not significantly differ from that of the untagged receptor with two-electrode voltage clamp detection. The half maximal effective concentrations (EC50 s) of GABA in AmRDL, EGFP-AmRDL, EYFP-AmRDL and mRFP-AmRDL receptors were 11.98, 12.61, 18.92 and 22.11 μM, respectively, and those of β-alanine were 651.6, 629.6, 1643.0 and 2146.0 μM, respectively. Inhibition percentages of test antagonists against *FP-AmRDL and AmRDL were not significantly different from each other. Overall, the consistency in functional properties between *FP-AmRDL and AmRDL receptors makes pGH19-*FP a promising tool for further in situ investigation of GABA receptors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Q-T Huang
- Education Ministry Key Laboratory of Integrated Management of Crop Diseases and Pests, College of Plant Protection, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China
| | - C-W Sheng
- Education Ministry Key Laboratory of Integrated Management of Crop Diseases and Pests, College of Plant Protection, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China
| | - J Jiang
- Education Ministry Key Laboratory of Integrated Management of Crop Diseases and Pests, College of Plant Protection, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China
| | - Z-Q Jia
- Education Ministry Key Laboratory of Integrated Management of Crop Diseases and Pests, College of Plant Protection, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China
| | - Z-J Han
- Education Ministry Key Laboratory of Integrated Management of Crop Diseases and Pests, College of Plant Protection, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China
| | - C-Q Zhao
- Education Ministry Key Laboratory of Integrated Management of Crop Diseases and Pests, College of Plant Protection, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China
| | - G-Y Liu
- Key Laboratory for Green Chemical Process of Ministry of Education, School of Chemical Engineering and Pharmacy, Wuhan Institute of Technology, Wuhan, China
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Huang QT, Sheng CW, Jiang J, Tang T, Jia ZQ, Han ZJ, Zhao CQ. Interaction of insecticides with heteromeric GABA-gated chloride channels from zebrafish Danio rerio (Hamilton). JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2019; 366:643-650. [PMID: 30580138 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2018.11.085] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2018] [Revised: 11/19/2018] [Accepted: 11/21/2018] [Indexed: 05/07/2023]
Abstract
The ionotropic GABAA receptor (GABAAR) is the main fast inhibitory post-synaptic receptor and is also an important insecticidal target. Effect of insecticides on fish has attracted intensive attention. However, no systematic study on heteromeric zebrafish GABAAR expressed in oocytes has been reported to date. In this study, the α1 subunit, the β2S subunit lacking 47 amino acid residues compared with the β2L subunit, and the γ2 subunit having five transmembrane domains were isolated from zebrafish Danio rerio. The responses of homomeric and heteromeric (α1, β2S and γ2) channels to agonists and GABAAR-targeted compounds were detected with two-electrode voltage clamp. Dose-dependent responses were observed in heteromeric α1β2S, β2Sγ2, and α1β2Sγ2 GABAR channels with EC50 values at 21.75, 6291, and 33.69 μM for GABA-induced current and 3.28, 155.5, and 3.79 mM for β-alanine-induced current, respectively. However, no response was induced by benzamidine in all GABAR channels. Abamectin, dieldrin, fluralaner and fipronil could strongly inhibited GABA-induced inward current ≥50% at 10-6 M, while α-endosulfan, flufiprole and ethiprole only inhibited GABA-induced current <50%. This study has clarified the interaction of insecticides with the heteromeric GABAAR channel, which could help us further explore the potential function and toxicological importance of GABAARs from D. rerio.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiu-Tang Huang
- Education Ministry Key Laboratory of Integrated Management of Crop Diseases and Pests, College of Plant Protection, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, PR China
| | - Cheng-Wang Sheng
- Education Ministry Key Laboratory of Integrated Management of Crop Diseases and Pests, College of Plant Protection, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, PR China
| | - Jie Jiang
- Education Ministry Key Laboratory of Integrated Management of Crop Diseases and Pests, College of Plant Protection, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, PR China
| | - Tao Tang
- Institute of Plant Protection, Hunan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Changsha, 410125, PR China
| | - Zhong-Qiang Jia
- Education Ministry Key Laboratory of Integrated Management of Crop Diseases and Pests, College of Plant Protection, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, PR China
| | - Zhao-Jun Han
- Education Ministry Key Laboratory of Integrated Management of Crop Diseases and Pests, College of Plant Protection, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, PR China
| | - Chun-Qing Zhao
- Education Ministry Key Laboratory of Integrated Management of Crop Diseases and Pests, College of Plant Protection, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, PR China.
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Shen XQ, Zhang YN, Li T, Jiang JYQ, Zhang JP. Toxicity of Three Acaricides to the Predatory Mite, Neoseiulus bicaudus (Acari: Phytoseiidae) and Their Impact on the Functional Response to Tetranychus turkestani (Acari: Tetranychidae). JOURNAL OF ECONOMIC ENTOMOLOGY 2017; 110:2031-2038. [PMID: 28962002 DOI: 10.1093/jee/tox206] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
The use of chemical pesticides particularly acaricides can reduce the control efficacy of natural enemies. The objectives of this study were 1) to evaluate the toxicity of three acaricides to the phytoseiid mite Neoseiulus bicaudus (Acari: Phytoseiidae) by spraying acaricides on N. bicaudus adult females and 2) to determine the effect of these acaricides on the functional response of different stages of N. bicaudus to the prey Tetranychus turkestani Ugarov & Nikolski (Acari: Tetranychidae). The results indicated that the survivability of N. bicaudus differed among the three acaricides tested. Pyridaben exhibited the highest toxicity to N. bicaudus not only because it caused higher mortality but also because it reduced the peak consumption for adults and increased the peak consumption for deutonymphs of N. bicaudus. The two other acaricides, azocyclotin and bifenazate, also slightly reduced the peak consumption, but not significantly, and the overall functional response was not different from control, untreated predatory mites. Bifenazate (143-4,300 mg a.i./liter) was relatively nontoxic to N. bicaudus (less than 10% mortality) but highly toxic to T. turkestani (more than 95% mortality). Accordingly, bifenazate is the most suitable for maintaining N. bicaudus in the field. Combining bifenazate and azocyclotin with N. bicaudus is a possible strategy for T. turkestani management.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiu-Qin Shen
- College of Agriculture, Shihezi University, Shihezi, Xinjiang 832003, China
| | - Yan-Nan Zhang
- College of Agriculture, Shihezi University, Shihezi, Xinjiang 832003, China
| | - Ting Li
- College of Agriculture, Shihezi University, Shihezi, Xinjiang 832003, China
| | - Jue-Ying-Qi Jiang
- College of Agriculture, Shihezi University, Shihezi, Xinjiang 832003, China
| | - Jian-Ping Zhang
- College of Agriculture, Shihezi University, Shihezi, Xinjiang 832003, China
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Liu R, Nyoike TW, Liburd OE. Evaluation of site-specific tactics using bifenazate and Neoseiulus californicus for management of Tetranychus urticae (Acari: Tetranychidae) in strawberries. EXPERIMENTAL & APPLIED ACAROLOGY 2016; 70:189-204. [PMID: 27502111 DOI: 10.1007/s10493-016-0073-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2016] [Accepted: 07/12/2016] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
Greenhouse and field experiments were conducted to evaluate the effectiveness of site-specific tactics for management of the twospotted spider mite, Tetranychus urticae Koch, a major pest of greenhouse and field-grown strawberries (Fragaria x ananassa Duchesne). Two site-specific (spot) treatments, the miticide bifenazate (Acramite(®)) and the predatory mite Neoseiulus californicus McGregor, were compared with whole-plot treatments of bifenazate or N. californicus to determine whether T. urticae could be effectively managed in field-grown strawberry using only site-specific tactics. Additionally, the cost of site-specific tactics was compared with whole-plot treatments to determine the economic value of using site-specific management tactics for T. urticae in strawberries. In the greenhouse, all treatments equivalently reduced the number of T. urticae below control. In the field during the 2011-2012 season, more T. urticae eggs and motiles were in the whole-plot treatments of both N. californicus and bifenazate in the mid-season and late season, respectively, compared with the spot treatments. With the exception of site-specific N. californicus during the 2011-2012 field season, there were no differences in marketable yields between plots with site-specific treatments and whole-plot management. An economic analysis demonstrated a significant cost savings (75.3 %) with site-specific treatments of N. californicus compared with whole-plot application of N. californicus. Similarly, a 24.7 % reduction in cost was achieved in using site-specific bifenazate compared with whole-plot application of bifenazate. The findings indicate that site-specific treatments with N. californicus and bifenazate are competitive alternatives to whole-field application for T. urticae management in strawberries.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruohan Liu
- Monsanto, 800 N. Lindbergh Blvd, St. Louis, MO, 63141, USA
| | - Teresia W Nyoike
- BASF Corporation, Research Triangle Park, Durham, NC, 27709, USA
| | - Oscar E Liburd
- Entomology and Nematology Department, University of Florida, 1881 Natural Area Drive, Steinmetz Hall, Gainesville, FL, 32611, USA.
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Van Leeuwen T, Tirry L, Yamamoto A, Nauen R, Dermauw W. The economic importance of acaricides in the control of phytophagous mites and an update on recent acaricide mode of action research. PESTICIDE BIOCHEMISTRY AND PHYSIOLOGY 2015; 121:12-21. [PMID: 26047107 DOI: 10.1016/j.pestbp.2014.12.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 148] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2014] [Revised: 12/08/2014] [Accepted: 12/08/2014] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
Acaricides are one of the cornerstones of an efficient control program for phytophagous mites. An analysis of the global acaricide market reveals that spider mites such as Tetranychus urticae, Panonychus citri and Panonychus ulmi are by far the most economically important species, representing more than 80% of the market. Other relevant mite groups are false spider mites (mainly Brevipalpus), rust and gall mites and tarsonemid mites. Acaricides are most frequently used in vegetables and fruits (74% of the market), including grape vines and citrus. However, their use is increasing in major crops where spider mites are becoming more important, such as soybean, cotton and corn. As revealed by a detailed case study of the Japanese market, major shifts in acaricide use are partially driven by resistance development and the commercial availability of compounds with novel mode of action. The importance of the latter cannot be underestimated, although some compounds are successfully used for more than 30 years. A review of recent developments in mode of action research is presented, as such knowledge is important for devising resistance management programs. This includes spirocyclic keto-enols as inhibitors of acetyl-CoA carboxylase, the carbazate bifenazate as a mitochondrial complex III inhibitor, a novel class of complex II inhibitors, and the mite growth inhibitors hexythiazox, clofentezine and etoxazole that interact with chitin synthase I.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thomas Van Leeuwen
- Institute for Biodiversity and Ecosystem Dynamics, University of Amsterdam, P.O. Box 9424, 1090 GE Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
| | - Luc Tirry
- Laboratory of Agrozoology, Department of Crop Protection, Faculty of Bioscience Engineering, Coupure Links 653, Ghent University, B-9000 Ghent, Belgium
| | - Atsushi Yamamoto
- Research and Development Division, Nippon-soda Co., Ltd., 2-2-1 Ohtemach, Chiyoda-ku, Tokyo 100-8165, Japan
| | - Ralf Nauen
- Bayer CropScience AG, Research Pest Control, Alfred Nobel Str. 50, D-40789 Monheim, Germany
| | - Wannes Dermauw
- Laboratory of Agrozoology, Department of Crop Protection, Faculty of Bioscience Engineering, Coupure Links 653, Ghent University, B-9000 Ghent, Belgium
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Asahi M, Kobayashi M, Matsui H, Nakahira K. Differential mechanisms of action of the novel γ-aminobutyric acid receptor antagonist ectoparasiticides fluralaner (A1443) and fipronil. PEST MANAGEMENT SCIENCE 2015; 71:91-95. [PMID: 24591229 DOI: 10.1002/ps.3768] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2013] [Revised: 01/22/2014] [Accepted: 02/19/2014] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Fluralaner (A1443) is an isoxazoline ectoparasiticide that is a novel antagonist of γ-aminobutyric acid (GABA) receptors (GABARs), with a potency comparable to that of fipronil, a phenylpyrazole ectoparasiticide. To clarify the biological effectiveness of fluralaner against fipronil-resistant pests, differences in the actions of fluralaner and fipronil on GABARs that possess resistance to dieldrin (rdl)-type mutations were evaluated. RESULTS Fipronil had neither pest control nor GABAR-antagonistic activities against two-spotted spider mites (Tetranychus urticae) that had two different rdl-type amino acids (A(301) → H and T(350) → A: Drosophila melanogaster GABAR numbering) and against small brown planthoppers (Laodelphax striatellus) that had a novel rdl-type (A(283) → N) mutation in GABARs. In contrast, fluralaner showed not only high pest control activities against these pests, but also excellent antagonistic activities for these rdl-type GABARs. CONCLUSION The findings indicate that rdl-type fipronil-resistant pests do not show cross-resistance to fluralaner owing to the differential actions of fluralaner and fipronil on the GABAR.
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Affiliation(s)
- Miho Asahi
- Biological Research Laboratories, Nissan Chemical Industries Ltd, Shiraoka Saitama, Japan
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Hayashi N, Sasama Y, Takahashi N, Ikemi N. Cyflumetofen, a novel acaricide - its mode of action and selectivity. PEST MANAGEMENT SCIENCE 2013; 69:1080-1084. [PMID: 23382003 DOI: 10.1002/ps.3470] [Citation(s) in RCA: 66] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2012] [Revised: 11/06/2012] [Accepted: 12/11/2012] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Cyflumetofen is a novel acaricide developed by Otsuka AgriTechno Co., Ltd. It affects only spider mites and has no effect on insects, crustaceans or vertebrates under conditions of practical use. The mode of action of cyflumetofen, its selectivity for mites and its safety for insects and vertebrates were investigated. RESULTS The research showed that cyflumetofen inhibited mitochondria complex II in mites. In addition, the de-esterified form (AB-1) of cyflumetofen inhibited mitochondria complex II at extremely low concentrations. AB-1 was also detected as the main metabolite in mites. CONCLUSION The mode of action of cyflumetofen is to inhibit mitochondria complex II by affecting its action site after being metabolised to AB-1. However, inhibition by cyflumetofen and AB-1 in other organisms was very weak. Selectivity for other organisms has contributed to differences in action site activities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Naotaka Hayashi
- Otsuka AgriTechno Co., Ltd, Naruto Research Centre, Naruto, Tokushima, Japan.
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