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Nguyen TT, Yoo MS, Lee JH, Truong AT, Youn SY, Lee SJ, Yoon SS, Cho YS. Identification and pathogen detection of a Neocypholaelaps species (Acari: Mesostigmata: Ameroseiidae) from beehives in the Republic of Korea. PLoS One 2024; 19:e0300025. [PMID: 38603704 PMCID: PMC11008822 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0300025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2023] [Accepted: 02/21/2024] [Indexed: 04/13/2024] Open
Abstract
In this study, we identified a new strain of the genus Neocypholaelaps from the beehives of Apis mellifera colonies in the Republic of Korea (ROK). The Neocypholaelap sp. KOR23 mites were collected from the hives of honeybee apiaries in Wonju, Gangwon-do, in May 2023. Morphological and molecular analyses based on 18S and 28S rRNA gene regions conclusively identified that these mites belong to the genus Neocypholaelaps, closely resembling Neocypholaelaps sp. APGD-2010 that was first isolated from the United States. The presence of 9 of 25 honeybee pathogens in these mite samples suggests that Neocypholaelaps sp. KOR23 mite may act as an intermediate vector and carrier of honeybee diseases. The identification of various honeybee pathogens within this mite highlights their significance in disease transmission among honeybee colonies. This comprehensive study provides valuable insights into the taxonomy and implications of these mites for bee health management and pathogen dissemination.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thi-Thu Nguyen
- Laboratory of Parasitic and Honeybee Diseases, Bacterial Disease Division, Department of Animal and Plant Health Research, Animal and Plant Quarantine Agency, Gimcheon, Republic of Korea
- Institute of Biotechnology, Vietnam Academy of Science & Technology, Ha Noi, Viet Nam
| | - Mi-Sun Yoo
- Laboratory of Parasitic and Honeybee Diseases, Bacterial Disease Division, Department of Animal and Plant Health Research, Animal and Plant Quarantine Agency, Gimcheon, Republic of Korea
| | - Jong-Ho Lee
- Plant Pest Control Division, Department of Plant Quarantine, Animal and Plant Quarantine Agency, Gimcheon, Republic of Korea
| | - A-Tai Truong
- Laboratory of Parasitic and Honeybee Diseases, Bacterial Disease Division, Department of Animal and Plant Health Research, Animal and Plant Quarantine Agency, Gimcheon, Republic of Korea
- Faculty of Biotechnology, Thai Nguyen University of Sciences, Thai Nguyen, Viet Nam
| | - So-Youn Youn
- Laboratory of Parasitic and Honeybee Diseases, Bacterial Disease Division, Department of Animal and Plant Health Research, Animal and Plant Quarantine Agency, Gimcheon, Republic of Korea
| | - Se-Ji Lee
- Laboratory of Parasitic and Honeybee Diseases, Bacterial Disease Division, Department of Animal and Plant Health Research, Animal and Plant Quarantine Agency, Gimcheon, Republic of Korea
| | - Soon-Seek Yoon
- Laboratory of Parasitic and Honeybee Diseases, Bacterial Disease Division, Department of Animal and Plant Health Research, Animal and Plant Quarantine Agency, Gimcheon, Republic of Korea
| | - Yun Sang Cho
- Laboratory of Parasitic and Honeybee Diseases, Bacterial Disease Division, Department of Animal and Plant Health Research, Animal and Plant Quarantine Agency, Gimcheon, Republic of Korea
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Kerschbaumer M, Pfingstl T. Multiple factors influence claw characteristics in oribatid mites (Acari). Sci Rep 2024; 14:7687. [PMID: 38561383 PMCID: PMC10985006 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-58214-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2023] [Accepted: 03/26/2024] [Indexed: 04/04/2024] Open
Abstract
Claws, as nature's multifaceted instruments, play fundamental roles across the animal kingdom, aiding in prey capture and enabling movement across diverse terrains. Claw features often reflect the ecologies of the respective taxa and thus can provide important insights into the different lifestyles. This study explores the claw morphology of monodactylous oribatid mites through geometric morphometrics, analyzing 559 specimens from 49 species across various ecosystems. The research identifies distinct claw characteristics associated with specific habitats, revealing a significant correlation between claw morphology and the mites' environmental adaptations. Littoral mites exhibit notably larger claws compared to terrestrial counterparts, with aquatic and semiaquatic species presenting intermediate traits. The analysis shows an inverse relationship between claw curvature and sharpness, differing from patterns observed in larger animals. A trend of increasing claw bluntness with body size in terrestrial mites echoes biomechanical constraints seen in larger species. The study also observes consistent claw shapes within oribatid superfamilies, suggesting a potential, albeit muted, phylogenetic influence alongside environmental factors. These findings reveal how ecological, evolutionary, and functional aspects influence claw morphology in oribatid mites, enhancing our knowledge of arthropod biology and potentially inspiring biomimetic advances in material science and engineering.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michaela Kerschbaumer
- Institute of Biology, University of Graz, Universitaetsplatz 2, 8010, Graz, Austria.
| | - Tobias Pfingstl
- Institute of Biology, University of Graz, Universitaetsplatz 2, 8010, Graz, Austria
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3
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Maret D, Wäckers F, Pijnakker J, Norgrove L, Sutter L. The predatory mite Pronematus ubiquitus curbs Aculops lycopersici damage under greenhouse conditions. Pest Manag Sci 2024; 80:1904-1911. [PMID: 38062929 DOI: 10.1002/ps.7923] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2023] [Revised: 10/17/2023] [Accepted: 12/08/2023] [Indexed: 12/22/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The tomato russet mite, Aculops lycopersici, is a major worldwide pest infesting tomato crops for which only few control methods are available. At present, no commercialized beneficial organism has proven to be an effective biological control agent of the pest. As there is a strong need to develop alternatives to synthetic insecticides, we assessed the efficacy of an iolinid mite, Pronematus ubiquitus, as a preventive method against A. lycopersici in comparison with a curative treatment in a replicated experiment in the greenhouse. RESULTS After pre-establishment of P. ubiquitus supplied with cattail pollen, followed by infestation of A. lycopersici, the predator was able to reduce pest populations by 98% as compared with control plants. Probably due to lack of food and high temperature, the number of P. ubiquitus decreased during the season and so the Eriophyid population rose, along with crop damage. The sulphur treatment could stop the progress of A. lycopersici, but their population levels remained high. CONCLUSION Pronematus ubiquitus has great potential to prevent the establishment of the tomato russet mite. Even if a curative treatment affects the pest mite, the use of a preventive method is preferable as such insecticides/acaricides are harmful for beneficials and are applied after symptom appearance, when the pest pressure is already high. Despite the need to optimise management of the predator throughout the season, P. ubiquitus proved to be able to establish successfully on tomato plants. © 2023 Society of Chemical Industry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dylan Maret
- Agroscope, Plant Production Systems, Conthey, Switzerland
- School of Agricultural, Forest and Food Sciences HAFL, Bern University of Applied Sciences, Zollikofen, Switzerland
| | | | | | - Lindsey Norgrove
- School of Agricultural, Forest and Food Sciences HAFL, Bern University of Applied Sciences, Zollikofen, Switzerland
| | - Louis Sutter
- Agroscope, Plant Production Systems, Conthey, Switzerland
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Yan H, Wang E, Wei GS, Zhang B, Xu X. Both host and diet shape bacterial communities of predatory mites. Insect Sci 2024; 31:551-561. [PMID: 37469127 DOI: 10.1111/1744-7917.13253] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2023] [Revised: 05/23/2023] [Accepted: 06/09/2023] [Indexed: 07/21/2023]
Abstract
Microbial communities, derived from food, ambient, and inner, can affect host ecological adaption and evolution. Comparing with most phytophagous arthropods, predators may have more opportunities to develop specific microbiota depending on the level of prey specialization. To explore how diet sources affect host microbial communities and vary across predator species, we considered 3 types of predators from Phytoseiidae (Acari: Mesostigmata): polyphagous (Amblyseius orientalis Ehara, Neoseiulus barkeri Hughes, and Amblyseius swirskii Athias-Henrio), oligophagous (Neoseiulus californicus McGregor), and monophagous (Phytoseiulus persimilis Athias-Henriot) predatory mites. The polyphagous species were fed on 2 types of diets, natural prey and alternative prey. By using 16S rRNA sequencing, we found that diet was the main source of microbiota in predatory mites, while there was no clear pattern affected by prey specialization. Among 3 polyphagous predators, host species had a larger impact than prey on microbial composition. Unlike A. orientalis or N. barkeri which showed consistency in their microbiota, prey switching significantly affected β-diversity of bacterial composition in A. swirskii, with 56% of the microbial alteration. In short, our results confirmed the substantial influence of diet on host microbial construction in predatory species, and highlighted species differences in shaping the microbiota which are not necessarily related to prey specialization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hong Yan
- Institute of Plant Protection, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China
- College of Plant Protection, Hebei Agricultural University, Baoding, Hebei Province, China
| | - Endong Wang
- Institute of Plant Protection, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Guo-Shu Wei
- College of Plant Protection, Hebei Agricultural University, Baoding, Hebei Province, China
| | - Bo Zhang
- Institute of Plant Protection, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China
- Key Laboratory of Natural Enemies Insects, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Beijing, China
| | - Xuenong Xu
- Institute of Plant Protection, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China
- Key Laboratory of Natural Enemies Insects, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Beijing, China
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Li CZ, Liu YH, Pan D, Xia MH, Zhang Q, Li YC, Yuan GR, Wang JJ, Dou W. Genome-wide analysis of Panonychus citri microRNAs with a focus on potential insecticidal activity of 4 microRNAs to eggs and nymphs. Insect Sci 2024; 31:354-370. [PMID: 37641867 DOI: 10.1111/1744-7917.13265] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2023] [Revised: 06/26/2023] [Accepted: 07/21/2023] [Indexed: 08/31/2023]
Abstract
Panonychus citri McGregor (Acari: Tetranychidae), a destructive citrus pest, causes considerable annual economic losses due to its short lifespan and rapid resistance development. MicroRNA (miRNA)-induced RNA interference is a promising approach for pest control because of endogenous regulation of pest growth and development. To search for miRNAs with potential insecticidal activity in P. citri, genome-wide analysis of miRNAs at different developmental stages was conducted, resulting in the identification of 136 miRNAs, including 73 known and 63 novel miRNAs. A total of 17 isomiRNAs and 12 duplicated miRNAs were characterized. MiR-1 and miR-252-5p were identified as reference miRNAs for P. citri and Tetranychus urticae. Based on differential expression analysis, treatments with miR-let-7a and miR-315 mimics and the miR-let-7a antagomir significantly reduced the egg hatch rate and resulted in abnormal egg development. Overexpression or downregulation of miR-34-5p and miR-305-5p through feeding significantly decreased the adult eclosion rate and caused molting defects. The 4 miRNAs, miR-let-7a, miR-315, miR-34-5p, and miR-305-5p, had important regulatory functions and insecticidal properties in egg hatching and adult eclosion. In general, these data advance our understanding of miRNAs in mite biology, which can assist future studies on insect-specific miRNA-based green pest control technology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chuan-Zhen Li
- Key Laboratory of Entomology and Pest Control Engineering, College of Plant Protection, Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Southwest University, Chongqing, China
- Key Laboratory of Agricultural Biosafety and Green Production of Upper Yangtze River (Ministry of Education), Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Southwest University, Chongqing, China
| | - Yu-Hang Liu
- Key Laboratory of Entomology and Pest Control Engineering, College of Plant Protection, Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Southwest University, Chongqing, China
- Key Laboratory of Agricultural Biosafety and Green Production of Upper Yangtze River (Ministry of Education), Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Southwest University, Chongqing, China
| | - Deng Pan
- Key Laboratory of Entomology and Pest Control Engineering, College of Plant Protection, Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Southwest University, Chongqing, China
- Key Laboratory of Agricultural Biosafety and Green Production of Upper Yangtze River (Ministry of Education), Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Southwest University, Chongqing, China
| | - Meng-Hao Xia
- Key Laboratory of Entomology and Pest Control Engineering, College of Plant Protection, Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Southwest University, Chongqing, China
- Key Laboratory of Agricultural Biosafety and Green Production of Upper Yangtze River (Ministry of Education), Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Southwest University, Chongqing, China
| | - Qiang Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Entomology and Pest Control Engineering, College of Plant Protection, Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Southwest University, Chongqing, China
- Key Laboratory of Agricultural Biosafety and Green Production of Upper Yangtze River (Ministry of Education), Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Southwest University, Chongqing, China
| | - Yu-Chuang Li
- Key Laboratory of Entomology and Pest Control Engineering, College of Plant Protection, Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Southwest University, Chongqing, China
- Key Laboratory of Agricultural Biosafety and Green Production of Upper Yangtze River (Ministry of Education), Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Southwest University, Chongqing, China
| | - Guo-Rui Yuan
- Key Laboratory of Entomology and Pest Control Engineering, College of Plant Protection, Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Southwest University, Chongqing, China
- Key Laboratory of Agricultural Biosafety and Green Production of Upper Yangtze River (Ministry of Education), Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Southwest University, Chongqing, China
| | - Jin-Jun Wang
- Key Laboratory of Entomology and Pest Control Engineering, College of Plant Protection, Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Southwest University, Chongqing, China
- Key Laboratory of Agricultural Biosafety and Green Production of Upper Yangtze River (Ministry of Education), Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Southwest University, Chongqing, China
| | - Wei Dou
- Key Laboratory of Entomology and Pest Control Engineering, College of Plant Protection, Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Southwest University, Chongqing, China
- Key Laboratory of Agricultural Biosafety and Green Production of Upper Yangtze River (Ministry of Education), Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Southwest University, Chongqing, China
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Xiong Q, Liu X, Wan ATY, Malainual N, Xiao X, Cao H, Tang MF, Ng JKW, Shin SK, Sio YY, Wang M, Sun B, Leung TF, Chew FT, Tungtrongchitr A, Tsui SKW. Genomic analysis reveals novel allergens of Blomia tropicalis. Allergol Int 2024; 73:340-344. [PMID: 38061933 DOI: 10.1016/j.alit.2023.11.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2023] [Revised: 11/08/2023] [Accepted: 11/08/2023] [Indexed: 04/02/2024] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Qing Xiong
- School of Biomedical Sciences, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong; Hong Kong Bioinformatics Centre, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong; Department of Health Technology and Informatics, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong
| | - Xiaoyu Liu
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Allergy and Immunology, School of Medicine, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, China
| | - Angel Tsz-Yau Wan
- School of Biomedical Sciences, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong; Hong Kong Bioinformatics Centre, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong
| | - Nat Malainual
- Department of Parasitology, Faculty of Medicine Siriraj Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Xiaojun Xiao
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Allergy and Immunology, School of Medicine, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, China
| | - Hui Cao
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Allergy and Immunology, School of Medicine, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, China
| | - Man-Fung Tang
- Department of Paediatrics, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong
| | - Judy Kin-Wing Ng
- School of Biomedical Sciences, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong
| | - Soo-Kyung Shin
- School of Biomedical Sciences, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong
| | - Yang Yie Sio
- Department of Biological Sciences, National University of Singapore, Singapore
| | - Mingqiang Wang
- School of Biomedical Sciences, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong; Stanford Cardiovascular Institute, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Baoqing Sun
- State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Ting-Fan Leung
- Department of Paediatrics, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong
| | - Fook Tim Chew
- Department of Biological Sciences, National University of Singapore, Singapore.
| | - Anchalee Tungtrongchitr
- Department of Parasitology, Faculty of Medicine Siriraj Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand.
| | - Stephen Kwok-Wing Tsui
- School of Biomedical Sciences, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong; Hong Kong Bioinformatics Centre, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong; Centre for Microbial Genomics and Proteomics, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong.
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Del Mar Labrador M, Serrano D, Doña J, Aguilera E, Arroyo JL, Atiénzar F, Barba E, Bermejo A, Blanco G, Borràs A, Calleja JA, Cantó JL, Cortés V, De la Puente J, De Palacio D, Fernández-González S, Figuerola J, Frías Ó, Fuertes-Marcos B, Garamszegi LZ, Gordo Ó, Gurpegui M, Kovács I, Martínez JL, Meléndez L, Mestre A, Møller AP, Monrós JS, Moreno-Opo R, Navarro C, Pap PL, Pérez-Tris J, Piculo R, Ponce C, Proctor HC, Rodríguez R, Sallent Á, Senar JC, Tella JL, Vágási CI, Vögeli M, Jovani R. Host space, not energy or symbiont size, constrains feather mite abundance across passerine bird species. J Anim Ecol 2024; 93:393-405. [PMID: 38100230 DOI: 10.1111/1365-2656.14032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2023] [Accepted: 11/06/2023] [Indexed: 04/04/2024]
Abstract
Comprehending symbiont abundance among host species is a major ecological endeavour, and the metabolic theory of ecology has been proposed to understand what constrains symbiont populations. We parameterized metabolic theory equations to investigate how bird species' body size and the body size of their feather mites relate to mite abundance according to four potential energy (uropygial gland size) and space constraints (wing area, total length of barbs and number of feather barbs). Predictions were compared with the empirical scaling of feather mite abundance across 106 passerine bird species (26,604 individual birds sampled), using phylogenetic modelling and quantile regression. Feather mite abundance was strongly constrained by host space (number of feather barbs) but not by energy. Moreover, feather mite species' body size was unrelated to the body size of their host species. We discuss the implications of our results for our understanding of the bird-feather mite system and for symbiont abundance in general.
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Affiliation(s)
- María Del Mar Labrador
- Doñana Biological Station (CSIC), Seville, Spain
- SEO-Monticola Ornithological Group, Autonomous University of Madrid, Madrid, Spain
| | | | - Jorge Doña
- University of Illinois, Urbana, Illinois, USA
- University of Granada, Granada, Spain
| | | | | | | | | | - Ana Bermejo
- SEO-Monticola Ornithological Group, Autonomous University of Madrid, Madrid, Spain
| | | | - Antoni Borràs
- Museu de Ciències Naturals de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Juan A Calleja
- SEO-Monticola Ornithological Group, Autonomous University of Madrid, Madrid, Spain
- Autonomous University of Madrid, Madrid, Spain
| | | | | | - Javier De la Puente
- SEO-Monticola Ornithological Group, Autonomous University of Madrid, Madrid, Spain
| | - Diana De Palacio
- SEO-Monticola Ornithological Group, Autonomous University of Madrid, Madrid, Spain
| | | | | | | | | | - László Z Garamszegi
- Institute of Ecology and Botany, Centre for Ecological Research, Vácrátót, Hungary
| | - Óscar Gordo
- Doñana Biological Station (CSIC), Seville, Spain
| | - Míriam Gurpegui
- National Institute for Agricultural and Food Research and Technology (CSIC), Madrid, Spain
| | - István Kovács
- 'Milvus Group' Bird and Nature Protection Association, Târgu Mureş, Romania
| | | | - Leandro Meléndez
- Biodiversity Research Institute (Univ. of Oviedo-CSIC-Princ. Asturias), Mieres, Spain
| | | | | | | | - Rubén Moreno-Opo
- SEO-Monticola Ornithological Group, Autonomous University of Madrid, Madrid, Spain
| | | | - Péter L Pap
- Babeş-Bolyai University, Cluj-Napoca, Romania
- University of Debrecen, Debrecen, Hungary
| | | | | | - Carlos Ponce
- SEO-Monticola Ornithological Group, Autonomous University of Madrid, Madrid, Spain
| | | | | | - Ángel Sallent
- Naturalists Association of Southeast (ANSE), Murcia, Spain
| | | | - José L Tella
- Doñana Biological Station (CSIC), Seville, Spain
| | | | | | - Roger Jovani
- Doñana Biological Station (CSIC), Seville, Spain
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Sun SJ, Chen S, Federle W, Kilner RM. Biomechanical adaptations enable phoretic mite species to occupy distinct spatial niches on host burying beetles. Proc Biol Sci 2024; 291:20240230. [PMID: 38503335 PMCID: PMC10950469 DOI: 10.1098/rspb.2024.0230] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2024] [Accepted: 02/21/2024] [Indexed: 03/21/2024] Open
Abstract
Niche theory predicts that ecologically similar species coexist by minimizing interspecific competition through niche partitioning. Therefore, understanding the mechanisms of niche partitioning is essential for predicting interactions and coexistence between competing organisms. Here, we study two phoretic mite species, Poecilochirus carabi and Macrocheles nataliae that coexist on the same host burying beetle Nicrophorus vespilloides and use it to 'hitchhike' between reproductive sites. Field observations revealed clear spatial partitioning between species in distinct host body parts. Poecilochirus carabi preferred the ventral side of the thorax, whereas M. nataliae were exclusively found ventrally at the hairy base of the abdomen. Experimental manipulations of mite density showed that each species preferred these body parts, largely regardless of the density of the other mite species on the host beetle. Force measurements indicated that this spatial distribution is mediated by biomechanical adaptations, because each mite species required more force to be removed from their preferred location on the beetle. While P. carabi attached with large adhesive pads to the smooth thorax cuticle, M. nataliae gripped abdominal setae with their chelicerae. Our results show that specialist biomechanical adaptations for attachment can mediate spatial niche partitioning among species sharing the same host.
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Affiliation(s)
- Syuan-Jyun Sun
- Department of Zoology, University of Cambridge, Downing Street, Cambridge CB2 3EJ, UK
- International Degree Program in Climate Change and Sustainable Development, National Taiwan University, Taipei 10617, Taiwan
| | - Simon Chen
- Department of Zoology, University of Cambridge, Downing Street, Cambridge CB2 3EJ, UK
| | - Walter Federle
- Department of Zoology, University of Cambridge, Downing Street, Cambridge CB2 3EJ, UK
| | - Rebecca M. Kilner
- Department of Zoology, University of Cambridge, Downing Street, Cambridge CB2 3EJ, UK
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9
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Bitton E, Wittich W. Double-Blind Comparison of Eyelash Epilation Techniques for the Purpose of Demodex folliculorum Mite Retrieval. Eye Contact Lens 2024; 50:152-157. [PMID: 38345025 DOI: 10.1097/icl.0000000000001070] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 12/07/2023] [Indexed: 02/21/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Demodex folliculorum blepharitis is typically confirmed with lash epilation and microscopic identification of mites. However, mite counts may vary with the epilation technique. As there is no gold standard to epilating lashes for the purposes of mite counts, the aim of this study was to compare three epilation techniques. METHOD A prospective randomized double-blind study compared three epilation techniques on lashes with cylindrical dandruff. Techniques included (A) direct pulling of the lash; (B) rotating the lash before epilation; and (C) sliding the cylindrical dandruff away, lash rotation, and epilation. Mean mite counts were analyzed using a repeated-measures analysis of variance. RESULTS Forty (n=40) participants (20 M: 20 F, mean age of 62.3±17.1 years) revealed similar mite counts between right (1.43±1.74) and left (1.35±1.59) eyes ( P =0.63). A significant difference ( P =0.03) in mite count was noted (technique A: 1.05 ± 1.60; technique B 1.76 ± 1.80; and technique C 1.36 ± 1.54) with technique B yielding the highest mite count ( P =0.04). CONCLUSION Demodex mite count is a key parameter in establishing infestation or to determine treatment efficacy. This study revealed that rotating the lash before epilation yielded the highest mite count. Future studies should report the epilation technique used to allow for study comparisons.
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Affiliation(s)
- Etty Bitton
- École D'optométrie, Université de Montréal, Montreal, QC, Canada
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10
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Rizzo R, Ragusa E, Benelli G, Lo Verde G, Zeni V, Maggi F, Petrelli R, Spinozzi E, Ferrati M, Sinacori M, Tsolakis H. Lethal and sublethal effects of carlina oxide on Tetranychus urticae (Acari: Tetranychidae) and Neoseiulus californicus (Acari: Phytoseiidae). Pest Manag Sci 2024; 80:967-977. [PMID: 37822147 DOI: 10.1002/ps.7827] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2023] [Revised: 08/10/2023] [Accepted: 10/12/2023] [Indexed: 10/13/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Tetranychus urticae Koch, is a polyphagous and damaging pest, presenting several resistant populations worldwide. Among new and more environmentally friendly control tools, botanical pesticides represent a valuable alternative to synthetic ones within integrated pest management strategies. Accordingly, we investigated the lethal and sublethal effects of carlina oxide isolated from Carlina acaulis (Asteraceae) roots on T. urticae and its natural enemy, the predatory mite, Neoseiulus californicus (McGregor). RESULTS Carlina oxide (98.7% pure compound) was used for acaricidal tests on eggs, nymphs, and adult females of T. urticae (concentrations of 312.5, 625, 1250, 2500 and 5000 μL L-1 ), and eggs and females of N. californicus (1250 and 5000 μL L-1 on eggs and females, respectively). Behavioral two-choice tests were also conducted on phytoseiid females. Carlina oxide toxicity was higher on T. urticae females than nymphs (median lethal dose 1145 and 1825 μL L-1 , respectively), whereas egg mortality and mean hatching time were significantly affected by all tested concentrations. A decreasing daily oviposition rate for T. urticae was recorded with concentrations ranging from 625 to 5000 μL L-1 , whereas negative effects on the population growth rate were recorded only with the three higher concentrations (1250, 2500 and 5000 μL L-1 ). No toxic effect on N. californicus females was found, but a strong repellent activity lasting for 48 h from application was recorded. CONCLUSION Carlina oxide reduced longevity and fecundity of T. urticae adults, but not of N. californicus. This selective property allows us to propose it as a novel active ingredient of ecofriendly acaricides for T. urticae management. © 2023 The Authors. Pest Management Science published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd on behalf of Society of Chemical Industry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Roberto Rizzo
- CREA - Research Centre for Plant Protection and Certification, Palermo, Italy
| | - Ernesto Ragusa
- Department of Agricultural, Food and Forest Sciences, University of Palermo, Palermo, Italy
| | - Giovanni Benelli
- Department of Agriculture, Food and Environment, University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy
| | - Gabriella Lo Verde
- Department of Agricultural, Food and Forest Sciences, University of Palermo, Palermo, Italy
| | - Valeria Zeni
- Department of Agriculture, Food and Environment, University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy
| | - Filippo Maggi
- Chemistry Interdisciplinary Project (ChIP) Research Center, School of Pharmacy, University of Camerino, Camerino, Italy
| | - Riccardo Petrelli
- Chemistry Interdisciplinary Project (ChIP) Research Center, School of Pharmacy, University of Camerino, Camerino, Italy
| | - Eleonora Spinozzi
- Chemistry Interdisciplinary Project (ChIP) Research Center, School of Pharmacy, University of Camerino, Camerino, Italy
| | - Marta Ferrati
- Chemistry Interdisciplinary Project (ChIP) Research Center, School of Pharmacy, University of Camerino, Camerino, Italy
| | - Milko Sinacori
- Department of Agricultural, Food and Forest Sciences, University of Palermo, Palermo, Italy
| | - Haralabos Tsolakis
- Department of Agricultural, Food and Forest Sciences, University of Palermo, Palermo, Italy
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11
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Beehler MK, Painter MR, Peck CM. Recurrent episodes of oral mite anaphylaxis in a dog. J Vet Emerg Crit Care (San Antonio) 2024; 34:199-202. [PMID: 38412013 DOI: 10.1111/vec.13371] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2022] [Revised: 11/11/2022] [Accepted: 12/18/2022] [Indexed: 02/28/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To describe the clinical presentation and response to management of a dog with presumed oral mite anaphylaxis. CASE SUMMARY A 2-year-old male intact Golden Retriever was evaluated for a history of recurrent anaphylactic episodes. Over a period of 19 months, the dog had a total of 8 anaphylactic episodes that occurred in 2 different residences within the same state. The episodes most commonly resulted in vomiting and labored breathing, but the dog developed ascites, hypotension, and gall bladder wall edema during the most severe episodes. Serological testing demonstrated high immunoglobulin E levels to storage mites (SMs), specifically Tyrophagus SM. The dog's kibble was transitioned to being stored in small quantities in airtight containers in the freezer. At the time of publication, the dog has not had an anaphylactic reaction since making this change 1 year ago. NEW OR UNIQUE INFORMATION PROVIDED Based on a literature search and to the best of the authors' knowledge, this is the first time that SMs have been associated with severe recurrent anaphylaxis in a dog.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michelle K Beehler
- Department of Internal Medicine, Angell Animal Medical Center, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Meagan R Painter
- Department of Dermatology, MSPCA-Angell West, Waltham, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Courtney M Peck
- Department of Emergency and Critical Care, MSPCA-Angell West, Waltham, Massachusetts, USA
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12
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Choh Y, Janssen A. Sister predatory mites collectively protect their eggs against predators. Oecologia 2024; 204:653-660. [PMID: 38461225 DOI: 10.1007/s00442-024-05521-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2023] [Accepted: 01/29/2024] [Indexed: 03/11/2024]
Abstract
Group-living animals sometimes cooperatively protect their offspring against predators. This behavior is observed in a wide range of taxa but, to the best of our knowledge, this is the first report of its occurrence in arthropods that are not eusocial. Adult female predatory mites Gynaeseius liturivorus protect their eggs against egg predators, the predatory mite species Neoseiulus californicus. In the field, several adult female G. liturivorus were often found on the same plant structures such as folded leaves. We tested whether these females might protect their eggs cooperatively, focusing on kinship between the females. When two adult female G. liturivorus were kept in the absence of egg predators, their reproduction was not affected by their kinship. The presence of egg predators reduced the number of G. liturivorus eggs. However, reproduction of two G. liturivorus sisters was higher than that of two non-sisters. Together, sisters guarded the oviposition site longer than non-sisters. We further tested if non-sisters increased egg guarding by having developed together from eggs to adults and found no such effect. Although it remains unclear how adult female G. liturivorus recognize conspecifics as kin or sisters, our results suggest that G. liturivorus sisters reduced predation on their offspring by cooperatively guarding their eggs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yasuyuki Choh
- Laboratory of Applied Entomology, Department of Horticulture, Chiba University, 648 Matsudo, Chiba,, 271-8510, Japan.
| | - Arne Janssen
- Institute for Biodiversity and Ecosystem Dynamics, Department of Evolutionary and Population Biology, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
- Department of Entomology, Federal University of Viçosa, Viçosa, Brazil
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13
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Huang Q, Evans JD. Host switch by honey bee parasitic mites leads to symbiont diversification. J Invertebr Pathol 2024; 203:108068. [PMID: 38272108 DOI: 10.1016/j.jip.2024.108068] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2023] [Revised: 01/03/2024] [Accepted: 01/22/2024] [Indexed: 01/27/2024]
Abstract
Host-parasite co-evolution is a reciprocal genetic change; however, the parasite may switch to a novel host, deviating from conventional co-evolution. Varroa destructor is a native parasite of the honey bee Apis cerana, and the mite has established infestation in another honey bee, Apis mellifera, causing colony failure. When mites switched to the novel host, they formed a distinct population from mites that remained on the native host. Consequently, this led to divergence in the microbiota associated with mites in two host populations. The microbes were conserved at the species level reflected by alpha diversity, with substantial relative abundance variance. Microbes found in mites were distinct from the bee microbiota. They mainly were pathogenic with antibiotic resistance, while a few bacterial taxa were previously found in honey bees, including Klebsiella pneumoniae and Pseudomanas aeruginosa. These symbionts may transfer between the mites and honey bees.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiang Huang
- Honeybee Research Institute, Jiangxi Agricultural University, Zhimin Ave. 1101, Nanchang 330045, China.
| | - Jay D Evans
- USDA-ARS Bee Research Laboratory, BARC-East Building 306, Beltsville, MD 20705, USA
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Liu XY, Li K, Pan D, Dou W, Yuan GR, Wang JJ. Cross-resistance, inheritance and biochemical mechanism of abamectin resistance in a field-derived strain of the citrus red mite, Panonychus citri (Acari: Tetranychidae). Pest Manag Sci 2024; 80:1258-1265. [PMID: 37889506 DOI: 10.1002/ps.7855] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2023] [Revised: 10/20/2023] [Accepted: 10/27/2023] [Indexed: 10/28/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The citrus red mite, Panonychus citri (McGregor), a global pest of citrus, has developed different levels of resistance to various acaricides in the field. Abamectin is one of the most important insecticides/acaricides worldwide, targetting a wide number of insect and mite pests. The evolution of abamectin resistance in P. citri is threatening the sustainable use of abamectin for mite control. RESULTS The abamectin resistant strain (NN-Aba), derived from a field strain NN by consistent selection with abamectin, showed 4279-fold resistance to abamectin compared to a relatively susceptible strain (SS) of P. citri. Cross-resistance of NN-Aba was observed between abamectin and emamectin benzoate, pyridaben, fenpropathrin and cyflumetofen. Inheritance analyses indicated that abamectin resistance in the NN-Aba strain was autosomal, incompletely recessive and polygenic. The synergy experiment showed that abamectin toxicity was synergized by piperonyl butoxide (PBO), diethyl maleate (DEM) and tributyl phosphorotrithiotate (TPP) in the NN-Aba strain, and synergy ratios were 2.72-, 2.48- and 2.13-fold, respectively. The glutathione-S-transferases activity in the NN-Aba strain were significantly increased by 2.08-fold compared with the SS strain. CONCLUSION The abamectin resistance was autosomal, incompletely recessive and polygenic in P. citri. The NN-Aba strain showed cross-resistance to various acaricides with different modes of action. Metabolic detoxification mechanism participated in abamectin resistance in NN-Aba strain. These findings provide useful information for resistance management of P. citri in the field. © 2023 Society of Chemical Industry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xun-Yan Liu
- Key Laboratory of Entomology and Pest Control Engineering, College of Plant Protection, Southwest University, Chongqing, China
- Key Laboratory of Agricultural Biosafety and Green Production of Upper Yangtze River (Ministry of Education), Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Southwest University, Chongqing, China
| | - Ke Li
- Key Laboratory of Entomology and Pest Control Engineering, College of Plant Protection, Southwest University, Chongqing, China
- Key Laboratory of Agricultural Biosafety and Green Production of Upper Yangtze River (Ministry of Education), Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Southwest University, Chongqing, China
| | - Deng Pan
- Key Laboratory of Entomology and Pest Control Engineering, College of Plant Protection, Southwest University, Chongqing, China
- Key Laboratory of Agricultural Biosafety and Green Production of Upper Yangtze River (Ministry of Education), Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Southwest University, Chongqing, China
| | - Wei Dou
- Key Laboratory of Entomology and Pest Control Engineering, College of Plant Protection, Southwest University, Chongqing, China
- Key Laboratory of Agricultural Biosafety and Green Production of Upper Yangtze River (Ministry of Education), Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Southwest University, Chongqing, China
| | - Guo-Rui Yuan
- Key Laboratory of Entomology and Pest Control Engineering, College of Plant Protection, Southwest University, Chongqing, China
- Key Laboratory of Agricultural Biosafety and Green Production of Upper Yangtze River (Ministry of Education), Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Southwest University, Chongqing, China
| | - Jin-Jun Wang
- Key Laboratory of Entomology and Pest Control Engineering, College of Plant Protection, Southwest University, Chongqing, China
- Key Laboratory of Agricultural Biosafety and Green Production of Upper Yangtze River (Ministry of Education), Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Southwest University, Chongqing, China
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15
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Halliday B, Taggers A, Herrod A. A record of the parasitic mite Hemimyialges macdonaldi (Evans et al. 1963) (Acari: Epidermoptidae) in the Orange-bellied Parrot Neophema chrysogaster (Latham, 1790) (Psittaciformes: Psittaculidae) in Australia. Aust Vet J 2024; 102:96-100. [PMID: 38126166 DOI: 10.1111/avj.13308] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2023] [Revised: 11/25/2023] [Accepted: 11/29/2023] [Indexed: 12/23/2023]
Abstract
The subcutaneous parasitic mite Hemimyialges macdonaldi was found in a specimen of the Orange-bellied Parrot Neophema chrysogaster that died in captivity. A review of the host range and geographic distribution of this mite shows it is cosmopolitan and occurs in a very wide range of birds. It does not appear to be a cause of significant mortality in its hosts.
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Affiliation(s)
- B Halliday
- Australian National Insect Collection, CSIRO, Canberra, Australian Capital Territory, 2601, Australia
| | - A Taggers
- The Unusual Pet Vets, Frankston, Victoria, 3199, Australia
| | - A Herrod
- Moonlit Sanctuary Wildlife Conservation Park, Pearcedale, Victoria, 3912, Australia
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16
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Xiong M, Li X, Zhang C, Shen S. Effects of weather and air pollution on outpatient visits for insect-and-mite-caused dermatitis: an empirical and predictive analysis. BMC Public Health 2024; 24:633. [PMID: 38419007 DOI: 10.1186/s12889-024-18067-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2023] [Accepted: 02/11/2024] [Indexed: 03/02/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Dermatitis caused by insects and mites, diagnosed as papular urticaria or scabies, is a common skin disease. However, there is still a lack of studies about the effects of weather and air pollution on outpatient visits for this disease. This study aims to explore the impacts of meteorological and environmental factors on daily visits of dermatitis outpatients. METHODS Analyses are conducted on a total of 43,101 outpatient visiting records during the years 2015-2020 from the largest dermatology specialist hospital in Guangzhou, China. Hierarchical cluster models based on Pearson correlation between risk factors are utilized to select regression variables. Linear regression models are fitted to identify the statistically significant associations between the risk factors and daily visits, taking into account the short-term effects of temperatures. Permutation importance is adopted to evaluate the predictive ability of these factors. RESULTS Short-term temperatures have positive associations with daily visits and exhibit strong predictive abilities. In terms of total outpatients, the one-day lagged temperature not only has a significant impact on daily visits, but also has the highest median value of permutation importance. This conclusion is robust across most subgroups except for subgroups of summer and scabies, wherein the three-day lagged temperature has a negative effect. By contrast, air pollution has insignificant associations with daily visits and exhibits weak predictive abilities. Moreover, weekdays, holidays and trends have significant impacts on daily visits, but with weak predictive abilities. CONCLUSIONS Our study suggests that short-term temperatures have positive associations with daily visits and exhibit strong predictive abilities. Nevertheless, air pollution has insignificant associations with daily visits and exhibits weak predictive abilities. The results of this study provide a reference for local authorities to formulate intervention measures and establish an environment-based disease early warning system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Minghua Xiong
- Business School, Foshan University, Foshan, 528000, China
- Research Centre for Innovation & Economic Transformation, Research Institute of Social Sciences in Guangdong Province, Guangzhou, 510000, China
| | - Xiaoping Li
- Business School, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610065, China
| | - Chao Zhang
- School of Business, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, 518055, China
| | - Shuqun Shen
- Dermatology Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510515, China.
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17
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Szczepaniec A, Lathrop-Melting A, Janecek T, Nachappa P, Cranshaw W, Alnajjar G, Axtell A. Suppression of hemp russet mite, Aculops cannabicola (Acari: Eriophyidae), in industrial hemp in greenhouse and field. Environ Entomol 2024; 53:18-25. [PMID: 37535975 DOI: 10.1093/ee/nvad052] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2023] [Revised: 05/11/2023] [Accepted: 05/31/2023] [Indexed: 08/05/2023]
Abstract
Hemp russet mite, Aculops cannibicola Farkas (Acari: Eriophyidae), is one of the key pests of hemp, Cannabis sativa L. (Rosales: Cannabaceae). Hemp russet mite feeds primarily on new growth and can reach high densities, frequently exceeding a thousand mites per leaf, and leading to a decrease in yield and quality of cannabinoids. The objective of this experiment was to determine the efficacy of reduced-risk pesticides used in organic crop protection as well as conventional insecticides in managing hemp russet mites in a greenhouse and field. Hemp (var. Unicorn) was exposed to leaves heavily infested with hemp russet mites, and once mite densities reached an average of 50 mites per leaf, the following insecticides were applied to the plants: abamectin, etoxazole, fenpyroximate, rosemary oil, and 2 concentrations of a mineral oil. An application of sulfur was also included in the field experiment. Treatments were replicated 9 times in the greenhouse and 6 times in the field. Each of the pesticides significantly reduced hemp russet mite densities in the greenhouse, with all treatments resulting in significant decrease in mite populations 10 days after the initial treatment that persisted until the end of the experiment. On the other hand, only fenpyroximate, sulfur, and rosemary oil provided strong and effective suppression of the mites in the field. This is the first study to test these products against hemp russet mites in hemp, and our outcomes indicate that several pesticides available for organic crop production can provide effective control of the pest.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adrianna Szczepaniec
- Department of Agricultural Biology, Colorado State University, 307 University Avenue, Fort Collins, CO 80523, USA
| | - Abby Lathrop-Melting
- Department of Agricultural Biology, Colorado State University, 307 University Avenue, Fort Collins, CO 80523, USA
| | - Taylor Janecek
- Department of Agricultural Biology, Colorado State University, 307 University Avenue, Fort Collins, CO 80523, USA
| | - Punya Nachappa
- Department of Agricultural Biology, Colorado State University, 307 University Avenue, Fort Collins, CO 80523, USA
| | - Whitney Cranshaw
- Department of Agricultural Biology, Colorado State University, 307 University Avenue, Fort Collins, CO 80523, USA
| | - Gabriel Alnajjar
- Department of Agricultural Biology, Colorado State University, 307 University Avenue, Fort Collins, CO 80523, USA
| | - Alice Axtell
- The IR4 Project, North Carolina State University, 1730 Varsity Dr, Raleigh, NC 27606, USA
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Zou D, Lu X, Song F, Zhong X, Chen H, Zhang J, Tian Y, Pei L, Li F, Lu X, Shi W, Wang T. Characteristics of bacterial community in eyelashes of patients with Demodex blepharitis. Parasit Vectors 2024; 17:64. [PMID: 38355686 PMCID: PMC10868039 DOI: 10.1186/s13071-024-06122-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2023] [Accepted: 01/08/2024] [Indexed: 02/16/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Demodex blepharitis (DB) is a common disease of the ocular surface. The characteristics of the bacterial community in eyelash roots after Demodex infestation are still unknown. Knowledge of the characteristics of the bacterial community of eyelash follicles in patients with DB can provide valuable insights for guiding the diagnosis and treatment of DB. METHODS Twenty-five patients with DB (DB group) and 21 non-DB volunteers (control group) were enrolled in the study. Eyelashes from the upper eyelid of the right eye were sampled, and 16S ribosomal DNA (rDNA) sequencing was performed to determine the V3-V4 regions of the microbial 16S rDNA gene within 1 month of infestation. The sequencing data of the two groups were analyzed and compared. The effect of the bacterium Burkholderia on the survival of Demodex mites was evaluated using Demodex obtained from 12 patients with DB other that the patients in the DB group. RESULTS A total of 31 phyla and 862 genera were identified in the DB and control groups. The five most abundant phyla in the two groups were Proteobacteria, Firmicutes, Actinobacteria, Bacteroidetes and Cyanobacteria. The abundance of Actinomycetes was significantly higher in the DB group than in the control group. At the genus level, the five most abundant genera in the two groups were Pseudomonas, Burkholderia-Caballeronia-Paraburkholderia, Rolstonia and Acinetobacter; Clostridium sensu stricto 1 was abundant in the control group and Corynebacterium_1 was abundant in the DB group. Compared with the control group, the abundance of Burkholderia-Caballeronia-Paraburkholderia was 2.36-fold lower in the DB group. Linear discriminant analysis Effect Size (LEfSe) analysis revealed Burkholderia-Caballeronia-Paraburkholderia, SC_I_84_unclassified, Nonmyxobacteria and Succinvibrio to be the major biomarkers in the control group and Catenibacterium and Lachnospiraceae NK4A136 group to be the major biomarkers in the DB group. To explore the performance of these optimal marker models, receiver operational characteristic curve analysis was performed, and the average area under the curve value of Burkholderia-Caballeronia-Paraburkholderia was 0.7448. Burkholderia cepacia isolated from normal human eyelashes was fermented, and the Demodex mites isolated from patient eyelashes were cultured together with its fermented supernatant. The results showed that the fermentation supernatant could significantly reduce the survival time of the Demodex mites, suggesting the potential therapeutic value of this bacterium against Demodex. CONCLUSIONS The composition of the bacterial community in the eyelashes of DB patients differed from that in eyelashes of healthy volunteers, revealing a decrease in bacterial diversity in infested eyelashes. This decrease may be related to the occurrence and development of DB. The supernatant of Burkholderia cepacia culture medium was found to inhibit the growth of Demodex in eyelash hair follicles, providing a new insight with potential applications for the clinical treatment of Demodex infestation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dulei Zou
- Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
- Eye Hospital of Shandong First Medical University (Shandong Eye Hospital), Jinan, China
- State Key Laboratory Cultivation Base, Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Eye Institute of Shandong First Medical University, Qingdao, China
- School of Ophthalmology, Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, China
| | - Xiuhai Lu
- Eye Hospital of Shandong First Medical University (Shandong Eye Hospital), Jinan, China
- State Key Laboratory Cultivation Base, Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Eye Institute of Shandong First Medical University, Qingdao, China
- School of Ophthalmology, Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, China
| | - Fangying Song
- State Key Laboratory Cultivation Base, Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Eye Institute of Shandong First Medical University, Qingdao, China
- School of Ophthalmology, Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, China
- Qingdao Eye Hospital of Shandong First Medical University, Qingdao, China
| | - Xiaowei Zhong
- Eye Hospital of Shandong First Medical University (Shandong Eye Hospital), Jinan, China
- State Key Laboratory Cultivation Base, Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Eye Institute of Shandong First Medical University, Qingdao, China
- School of Ophthalmology, Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, China
| | - Huabo Chen
- State Key Laboratory Cultivation Base, Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Eye Institute of Shandong First Medical University, Qingdao, China
- School of Ophthalmology, Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, China
- Qingdao Eye Hospital of Shandong First Medical University, Qingdao, China
| | - Ju Zhang
- Eye Hospital of Shandong First Medical University (Shandong Eye Hospital), Jinan, China
- State Key Laboratory Cultivation Base, Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Eye Institute of Shandong First Medical University, Qingdao, China
- School of Ophthalmology, Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, China
| | - Yabin Tian
- Eye Hospital of Shandong First Medical University (Shandong Eye Hospital), Jinan, China
- State Key Laboratory Cultivation Base, Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Eye Institute of Shandong First Medical University, Qingdao, China
- School of Ophthalmology, Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, China
| | - Li Pei
- Eye Hospital of Shandong First Medical University (Shandong Eye Hospital), Jinan, China
- State Key Laboratory Cultivation Base, Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Eye Institute of Shandong First Medical University, Qingdao, China
- School of Ophthalmology, Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, China
| | - Fengjie Li
- Eye Hospital of Shandong First Medical University (Shandong Eye Hospital), Jinan, China
- State Key Laboratory Cultivation Base, Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Eye Institute of Shandong First Medical University, Qingdao, China
- School of Ophthalmology, Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, China
| | - Xi Lu
- Eye Hospital of Shandong First Medical University (Shandong Eye Hospital), Jinan, China
- State Key Laboratory Cultivation Base, Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Eye Institute of Shandong First Medical University, Qingdao, China
- School of Ophthalmology, Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, China
| | - Weiyun Shi
- Eye Hospital of Shandong First Medical University (Shandong Eye Hospital), Jinan, China.
- State Key Laboratory Cultivation Base, Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Eye Institute of Shandong First Medical University, Qingdao, China.
- School of Ophthalmology, Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, China.
| | - Ting Wang
- Eye Hospital of Shandong First Medical University (Shandong Eye Hospital), Jinan, China.
- State Key Laboratory Cultivation Base, Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Eye Institute of Shandong First Medical University, Qingdao, China.
- School of Ophthalmology, Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, China.
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Demard EP, Döker I, Qureshi JA. Species assemblage, abundance, and distribution of Phytoseiid mites (Parasitiformes: Phytoseiidae) in Citrus Under Protective Screen. J Econ Entomol 2024; 117:73-81. [PMID: 37982424 DOI: 10.1093/jee/toad214] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2023] [Revised: 10/15/2023] [Accepted: 10/31/2023] [Indexed: 11/21/2023]
Abstract
Citrus Under Protective Screen (CUPS) production system excludes the Asian citrus psyllid (ACP), Diaphorina citri Kuwayama, vector of Huanglongbing (HLB), and large predators. However, small pests and beneficial arthropods such as predatory mites may enter the CUPS. Predatory mites from the family Phytoseiidae attack several economically important pests, especially phytophagous mites common in CUPS. The species assemblage, abundance, and distribution of phytoseiid mites in CUPS and open-air (control) were investigated in Ray Ruby grapefruit from 2018 to 2020. Foliar sprays of chemicals for pest suppression were used in both systems and evaluated for effect on predatory mite populations. In the 2 production systems, a significant peak in the phytoseiid mite population was observed in February 2019 and 2020. This increase coincided with the blooming period of grapefruit, which likely provided pollen as an alternative food. A total of 2,234 specimens of 11 species were identified. Amblyseius tamatavensis Blommers and Typhlodromalus peregrinus (Muma) were dominant in both systems. Amblyseius tamatavensis was slightly more abundant in CUPS (50% of total specimens) than T. peregrinus (47%), while T. peregrinus was prevalent (82%) in open-air compared with A. tamatavensis (16%). Shannon index and evenness were significantly higher in CUPS, but species richness was similar. Chlorpyrifos with abamectin and oil, cyantraniliprole with spirodiclofen, copper, and oil as well as pyridaben alone reduced phytoseiid populations between 87% and 96%. Fenbutatin oxide mixed with copper reduced phytoseiids by 48% in open-air only. Our results demonstrate phytoseiid survival, reproduction, and contribution to biological control in CUPS, despite high temperature and humidity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emilie P Demard
- University of Florida, Indian River Research and Education Center, Fort Pierce, FL 34945, USA
| | - Ismail Döker
- Cukurova University, Agricultural Faculty, Plant Protection Department, Acarology Laboratory, 01330 Adana, Turkey
| | - Jawwad A Qureshi
- University of Florida, Indian River Research and Education Center, Fort Pierce, FL 34945, USA
- University of Florida, Entomology and Nematology Department, Southwest Florida Research and Education Center, Immokalee, FL 34142, USA
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Wang X, Wang Z, Yang B, Chen H, Zhang H, Li G, Li Y, Liu H. Life table and cold tolerance of laboratory-reared Penthaleus major (Acari: Penthaleidae). J Econ Entomol 2024; 117:136-144. [PMID: 38156671 DOI: 10.1093/jee/toad233] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2023] [Revised: 11/06/2023] [Accepted: 12/12/2023] [Indexed: 01/03/2024]
Abstract
Penthaleus major (Dugés) is a significant agricultural pest that attacks various pasture, vegetable, and crop plants. Temperature plays a critical role in the life history of P. major. However, there is limited understanding of its life table at different temperatures and cold tolerance. This study aimed to elucidate the performance of P. major by constructing life tables at 6, 9, 12, 15, 18, 21, and 24 °C. The results showed that P. major successfully developed at 9‒21 °C. However, no adults emerged at 6°C, and no eggs hatched at 24 °C. The highest intrinsic rate of increase (r), finite rate of increase (λ), net reproductive rate (R0), and gross reproductive rate (GRR) were observed at 12 °C. The supercooling point (SCP) exhibited significant variations at different developmental stages. The highest SCP (‒9.75 °C) was recorded in 10-day-old female adults, while the lowest SCP (‒24.37 °C) was observed in larvae. For female adult mites of 2, 6, and 10 days old, the low lethal temperatures (LLT50) were ‒14.63, ‒12.03, and ‒11.08 °C, respectively. This study provided valuable insights for modeling and predicting the population dynamics of P. major in the field and offered implications for developing successful management strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xian Wang
- Key Laboratory of Agricultural Biosafety and Green Production of Upper Yangtze River, College of Plant Protection, Southwest University, Chongqing, Beibei 400716, China
- Yibin Academy of Southwest University, Sichuan, Yibin 644000, China
| | - Zhen Wang
- Institute of Vegetable, Tibet Academy of Agriculture and Animal Husbandry Sciences, Tibet, Lhasa 850032, China
| | - Bowei Yang
- Key Laboratory of Agricultural Biosafety and Green Production of Upper Yangtze River, College of Plant Protection, Southwest University, Chongqing, Beibei 400716, China
| | - Hanqiu Chen
- Institute of Vegetable, Tibet Academy of Agriculture and Animal Husbandry Sciences, Tibet, Lhasa 850032, China
| | - Huanhuan Zhang
- Institute of Vegetable, Tibet Academy of Agriculture and Animal Husbandry Sciences, Tibet, Lhasa 850032, China
| | - Guangyun Li
- Key Laboratory of Agricultural Biosafety and Green Production of Upper Yangtze River, College of Plant Protection, Southwest University, Chongqing, Beibei 400716, China
| | - Yaying Li
- Key Laboratory of Agricultural Biosafety and Green Production of Upper Yangtze River, College of Plant Protection, Southwest University, Chongqing, Beibei 400716, China
- Yibin Academy of Southwest University, Sichuan, Yibin 644000, China
| | - Huai Liu
- Key Laboratory of Agricultural Biosafety and Green Production of Upper Yangtze River, College of Plant Protection, Southwest University, Chongqing, Beibei 400716, China
- Yibin Academy of Southwest University, Sichuan, Yibin 644000, China
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21
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Werda MS, Cheikhrouhou F, Ben Zina Z, Makni F, Ayadi A. Les blépharites chroniques à Demodex à Sfax (Tunisie): Etude prospective. Tunis Med 2024; 102:87-93. [PMID: 38567474 DOI: 10.62438/tunismed.v102i2.4449] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2023] [Accepted: 02/05/2024] [Indexed: 04/04/2024]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Chronic blepharitis is a common cause of eye irritation and dryness. They are often treated without regard to causal factors such as parasites which are rarely mentioned. AIM To describe the role of Demodex in the pathogenesis of chronic blepharitis, to analyze the epidemiological, clinical, diagnostic and therapeutic particularities. METHODS This is a prospective, case-control study conducted in the mycology parasitology department at the Habib Bourguiba university hospital in Sfax covering 100 cases with chronic blepharitis and 87 control cases. Clinical examination and eyelash removal were performed with direct examination for qualitative and quantitative analysis, before and after treatment. RESULTS Demodex was significantly more found in patients than in controls (48% vs 13.8%). The quantitative analysis showed a significant difference between the two groups with 52.1% of Demodex (+++) for patients versus 8.3% for controls. Demodex blepharitis were treated with yellow oxid mercure ophthalmic ointment with a good outcome in 81,3%. CONCLUSION Although it is admitted to be a saprophyte of the skin, a large number of arguments argues for the incrimination of Demodex in the etiopathogenesis of chronic blepharitis, hence the interest of eyelashes examination and a parasitic research in front of any chronic blepharitis resistant to usual treatments. In case of positive research, a specific treatment should be prescribed. Its effectiveness is another argument for the etiological diagnosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohamed Slim Werda
- Parasitology and mycology laboratory, Habib Bourguiba hospital, Sfax, Tunisia
| | - Fatma Cheikhrouhou
- Parasitology and mycology laboratory, Habib Bourguiba hospital, Sfax, Tunisia
| | - Zeineb Ben Zina
- Parasitology and mycology laboratory, Habib Bourguiba hospital, Sfax, Tunisia
| | - Fattouma Makni
- Parasitology and mycology laboratory, Habib Bourguiba hospital, Sfax, Tunisia
| | - Ali Ayadi
- Parasitology and mycology laboratory, Habib Bourguiba hospital, Sfax, Tunisia
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22
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Sharma N, Martin E, Pearce EI, Hagan S. A Delphi approach to establishing consensus on best practice for the diagnosis and treatment of Demodex blepharitis. Cont Lens Anterior Eye 2024; 47:102080. [PMID: 37949731 DOI: 10.1016/j.clae.2023.102080] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2023] [Revised: 10/19/2023] [Accepted: 10/31/2023] [Indexed: 11/12/2023]
Abstract
Demodex blepharitis does not have agreed standardized guidelines. The aim of this study was to classify signs and symptoms and to develop appropriate management strategies for Demodex blepharitis from a consensus of expert advice. METHODS A total of 11 anterior segment experts (ophthalmologists, optometrists and a contact lens optician) working in the United Kingdom participated in a modified 2-round Delphi panel. A mixed-methods approach was adopted and a survey questionnaire for round 1 was formulated, constructed from information in the available literature. Based on panel responses from round 1, feedback was provided and a round 2 questionnaire was formulated. More than two-thirds majority (72%) was used for consensus building. RESULTS Based on the clinical presentation of signs and symptoms along with associated conditions and risk factors, a diagnostic algorithm was proposed for the clinical investigation of Demodex blepharitis. A treatment algorithm was also proposed with first-line and second-line treatment recommendations for Demodex blepharitis. CONCLUSION The recommendation from this study provides the first effort in formulating clinical diagnostic algorithm and management guidelines for Demodex blepharitis. The guidelines include appropriate magnification on the slit lamp, associated signs, symptoms, risk factors and suggested management options. These guidelines can be used in a routine eyecare setting to encourage eyecare practitioners in tailoring the investigation and management of Demodex blepharitis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nikhil Sharma
- Department of Vision Sciences, Glasgow Caledonian University, Glasgow, Scotland, United Kingdom.
| | - Eilidh Martin
- Department of Vision Sciences, Glasgow Caledonian University, Glasgow, Scotland, United Kingdom.
| | - Edward Ian Pearce
- Department of Vision Sciences, Glasgow Caledonian University, Glasgow, Scotland, United Kingdom.
| | - Suzanne Hagan
- Department of Vision Sciences, Glasgow Caledonian University, Glasgow, Scotland, United Kingdom.
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23
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Rathore N, Agrawal D. Automated precision beekeeping for accessing bee brood development and behaviour using deep CNN. Bull Entomol Res 2024; 114:77-87. [PMID: 38178794 DOI: 10.1017/s0007485323000639] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/06/2024]
Abstract
Bees play a significant role in the health of terrestrial ecosystems. The decline of bee populations due to colony collapse disorder around the world constitutes a severe ecological danger. Maintaining high yield of honey and understanding of bee behaviour necessitate constant attention to the hives. Research initiatives have been taken to establish monitoring programs to study the behaviour of bees in accessing their habitat. Monitoring the sanitation and development of bee brood allows for preventative measures to be taken against mite infections and an overall improvement in the brood's health. This study proposed a precision beekeeping method that aims to reduce bee colony mortality and improve conventional apiculture through the use of technological tools to gather, analyse, and understand bee colony characteristics. This research presents the application of advanced digital image processing with computer vision techniques for the visual identification and analysis of bee brood at various developing stages. The beehive images are first preprocessed to enhance the important features of object. Further, object is segmented and classified using computer vision techniques. The research is carried out with the images containing variety of immature brood stages. The suggested method and existing methods are tested and compared to evaluate efficiency of proposed methodology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Neha Rathore
- Department of Electronics and Communication, Maulana Azad National Institute of Technology (MANIT), Bhopal, India
| | - Dheeraj Agrawal
- Department of Electronics and Communication, Maulana Azad National Institute of Technology (MANIT), Bhopal, India
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24
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Diener-Kudisch S, Ramírez-Barajas L, Perezpeña-Diazconti JM, Nava-Castañeda Á. Correlation between Demodex species in primary and recurrent chalazia. Arch Soc Esp Oftalmol (Engl Ed) 2024; 99:49-55. [PMID: 38008381 DOI: 10.1016/j.oftale.2023.11.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2023] [Accepted: 10/13/2023] [Indexed: 11/28/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To determine the correlation between the infestation by species of Demodex spp. and the occurrence of primary and recurrent chalazia. METHODS Prospective and observational study. Patients with primary or recurrent chalazia were included. Eyelash samples were taken to determine the microscopic presence of Demodex spp. The correlation between the recurrence of the chalazia and the infestation by Demodex spp. mites was determined using Spearman's rank correlation coefficient test. RESULTS Sixty-eight adult patients diagnosed with chalazia were included. In 63.2% of the total cases, the presence of one or more parasites of the genus Demodex spp. was documented. In the quantitative parasitological study, it was found that 25% of all cases presented infestation by Demodex spp. defined by an index greater than or equal to 0.5 parasites per eyelash. The most frequently found species was Demodex folliculorum. Of the 14 patients with recurrent chalazia, 50% presented infestation by Demodex spp. and in 91.7% of the cases the infestation was by D. folliculorum. There is a positive, directly proportional correlation between these factors (rθ=+0.665, P<.05). In the group of patients with primary chalazion, only 18.5% presented infestation by Demodex spp., and in 81.6% of these cases it was caused by D. folliculorum. There is a non-statistically significant correlation between these two factors. CONCLUSION There is a direct, high and statistically significant correlation between the recurrence of the chalazion and the infestation by Demodex spp., there is no statistically significant correlation between the primary chalazia and the presence of Demodex spp.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Diener-Kudisch
- Departamento de Oculoplástica, Instituto de Oftalmología Fundación Conde de Valenciana, Mexico City, Mexico.
| | - L Ramírez-Barajas
- Departamento de Oculoplástica, Instituto de Oftalmología Fundación Conde de Valenciana, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - J M Perezpeña-Diazconti
- Departamento de Patología Clínica, Instituto de Oftalmología Fundación Conde de Valenciana, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Á Nava-Castañeda
- Departamento de Oculoplástica, Instituto de Oftalmología Fundación Conde de Valenciana, Mexico City, Mexico
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25
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Leite RDA, Dos Santos CG, de Souza IV, Ledo CADS, Guzzo EC. Resistance of dwarf Cocos nucifera L. (Arecaceae) cultivars to Raoiella indica Hirst (Acari: Tenuipalpidae). Exp Appl Acarol 2024; 92:203-215. [PMID: 38321310 DOI: 10.1007/s10493-023-00890-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2023] [Accepted: 12/29/2023] [Indexed: 02/08/2024]
Abstract
The red palm mite Raoiella indica Hirst, 1924 (Acari: Tenuipalpidae) is an important pest of the coconut palm Cocos nucifera L. (Arecaceae) and has caused problems in coconut production worldwide. Research has been carried out aiming at controlling the mite through chemical, biological, alternative, and host plant resistance methods. Identifying coconut palm cultivars resistant to R. indica is important to reduce the problems caused to plantations. Therefore, the objective of this work was to evaluate the performance of R. indica in six dwarf coconut palm cultivars, to identify sources of resistance. The cultivars of the sub-varieties green, red, and yellow evaluated were Brazilian Green Dwarf-Jiqui (BGDJ), Brazilian Red Dwarf-Gramame (BRDG), Cameroon Red Dwarf (CRD), Malayan Red Dwarf (MRD), Brazilian Yellow Dwarf-Gramame (BYDG), and Malayan Yellow Dwarf (MYD). Confinement and free choice tests of R. indica on the cultivars were performed, in which biological parameters and preference were evaluated. Mite performance was different in the cultivars evaluated. In the confinement bioassay, R. indica had the worst performance in the cultivar BGDJ, the best performance in CRD, MRD, and BRDG, and intermediate performance in BYDG and MYD. In the free choice test, the cultivars MRD and MYD were preferred in relation to BGDJ, and CRD was less preferred in relation to BGDJ. Therefore, we considered that the cultivar BGDJ is the most resistant to R. indica, by antibiosis and antixenosis; CRD has resistance by antixenosis; and MRD, BRDG, BYDG, and MYD are susceptible.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rafael de Almeida Leite
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Proteção de Plantas, Universidade Federal de Alagoas (UFAL), Rio Largo, AL, Brazil
| | - César Gonçalves Dos Santos
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Proteção de Plantas, Universidade Federal de Alagoas (UFAL), Rio Largo, AL, Brazil
| | - Izabel Vieira de Souza
- Instituto Federal de Educação, Ciência e Tecnologia de Alagoas (IFAL), Murici, AL, Brazil
| | | | - Elio Cesar Guzzo
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Proteção de Plantas, Universidade Federal de Alagoas (UFAL), Rio Largo, AL, Brazil.
- Embrapa Tabuleiros Costeiros, Unidade de Execução de Pesquisa de Rio Largo, Rio Largo, AL, Brazil.
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Hansen-Jones C, Ronai T. Successful treatment of 3 naturally acquired cases of canine cheyletiellosis with fluralaner. Can Vet J 2024; 65:138-140. [PMID: 38304482 PMCID: PMC10783578] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/03/2024]
Abstract
Three dogs were diagnosed with naturally occurring cheyletiellosis based on clinical signs and visualization of parasites and ova. Treatment with fluralaner (orally) resulted in a rapid resolution of clinical signs with no evidence of mites or ova at 1 or 2 mo post-treatment. This is apparently the first published report of an isoxazoline being used to successfully treat cheyletiellosis in veterinary medicine. Therefore, fluralaner may be an effective option for treatment or prevention of canine cheyletiellosis, although research is needed to confirm its effectiveness for treatment of cheyletiellosis in dogs and other species. Key clinical message: This is apparently the first published report of an isoxazoline being used to successfully treat cheyletiellosis in companion animal practice. These parasites are both contagious and zoonotic and there are currently no approved products for treatment or prevention of cheyletiellosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christian Hansen-Jones
- Macleod Trail Animal Hospital, 8910 Macleod Trail SE, Calgary, Alberta T2H 0M4 (Hansen-Jones); Kensington Veterinary Hospital, 3817 Adams Avenue, San Diego, California 92116, USA (Ronai)
| | - Tomer Ronai
- Macleod Trail Animal Hospital, 8910 Macleod Trail SE, Calgary, Alberta T2H 0M4 (Hansen-Jones); Kensington Veterinary Hospital, 3817 Adams Avenue, San Diego, California 92116, USA (Ronai)
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27
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Erban T, Sopko B, Klimov PB, Hubert J. Mixta mediterraneensis as a novel and abundant gut symbiont of the allergen-producing domestic mite Blomia tropicalis. Exp Appl Acarol 2024; 92:161-181. [PMID: 38227156 DOI: 10.1007/s10493-023-00875-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2023] [Accepted: 12/12/2023] [Indexed: 01/17/2024]
Abstract
Blomia tropicalis is an allergen-producing mite in the human environment in tropical regions. The microbiome of B. tropicalis was described using the barcode sequencing region of V4 16S rDNA and genome assemblage. Mixta mediterraneensis, previously isolated from human skin swabs, was identified as a B. tropicalis gut symbiont based on genome assembly. The microbiome contains two bacteria, Staphylococcus and M. mediterraneensis. The number of M. mediterraneensis 16S DNA copies was 106 per mite and 109 per feces in the rearing chamber based on qPCR quantification. The profile of this bacterium reached 50% of reads in the mite gut and feces. Genomic analyses revealed that the bacterium has several metabolic pathways that suggest metabolic cooperation with the mite host in vitamin and amino acid synthesis, nitrogen recycling, and antimicrobial defense. Lysozyme is present in the symbiotic bacterium but absent in the mite. The B. tropicalis microbiome contained Staphylococcus, which accelerates mite population growth. Mites can digest Staphylococcus by using specific enzymes with hydrolytic functions against bacterial cell walls (chitinases and cathepsin D), leading to endocytosis of bacteria and their degradation in lysosomes and phagosomes. Gene expression analysis of B. tropicalis indicated that phagocytosis was mediated by the PI3-kinase/Akt pathway interacting with the invasins produced by M. mediterraneensis. Moreover, the symbiont had metabolic pathways that allowed it to recycle the mite metabolic waste product guanine, known as a mite attractant. The mite host symbiont enhances mite aggregation in the feces, and the fecal-oral transmission route is excepted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tomas Erban
- Crop Research Institute, Drnovska 507/73, 161 06, Prague 6 - Ruzyne, Czechia
| | - Bruno Sopko
- Crop Research Institute, Drnovska 507/73, 161 06, Prague 6 - Ruzyne, Czechia
| | - Pavel B Klimov
- Purdue University, Lilly Hall of Life Sciences, G-225, 915 W State St, West Lafayette, IN, 47907, USA
| | - Jan Hubert
- Crop Research Institute, Drnovska 507/73, 161 06, Prague 6 - Ruzyne, Czechia.
- Department of Microbiology, Nutrition and Dietetics, Faculty of Agrobiology, Food and Natural Resources, Czech University of Life Sciences Prague, Kamycka 129, 165 00, Prague 6 - Suchdol, Czechia.
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Han B, Wu J, Wei Q, Liu F, Cui L, Rueppell O, Xu S. Life-history stage determines the diet of ectoparasitic mites on their honey bee hosts. Nat Commun 2024; 15:725. [PMID: 38272866 PMCID: PMC10811344 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-024-44915-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2023] [Accepted: 01/04/2024] [Indexed: 01/27/2024] Open
Abstract
Ectoparasitic mites of the genera Varroa and Tropilaelaps have evolved to exclusively exploit honey bees as food sources during alternating dispersal and reproductive life history stages. Here we show that the primary food source utilized by Varroa destructor depends on the host life history stage. While feeding on adult bees, dispersing V. destructor feed on the abdominal membranes to access to the fat body as reported previously. However, when V. destructor feed on honey bee pupae during their reproductive stage, they primarily consume hemolymph, indicated by wound analysis, preferential transfer of biostains, and a proteomic comparison between parasite and host tissues. Biostaining and proteomic results were paralleled by corresponding findings in Tropilaelaps mercedesae, a mite that only feeds on brood and has a strongly reduced dispersal stage. Metabolomic profiling of V. destructor corroborates differences between the diet of the dispersing adults and reproductive foundresses. The proteome and metabolome differences between reproductive and dispersing V. destructor suggest that the hemolymph diet coincides with amino acid metabolism and protein synthesis in the foundresses while the metabolism of non-reproductive adults is tuned to lipid metabolism. Thus, we demonstrate within-host dietary specialization of ectoparasitic mites that coincides with life history of hosts and parasites.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bin Han
- State Key Laboratory of Resource Insects, Institute of Apicultural Research, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, 100193, China
| | - Jiangli Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Resource Insects, Institute of Apicultural Research, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, 100193, China
| | - Qiaohong Wei
- State Key Laboratory of Resource Insects, Institute of Apicultural Research, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, 100193, China
| | - Fengying Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Resource Insects, Institute of Apicultural Research, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, 100193, China
| | - Lihong Cui
- Cell Biology Facility, Center of Biomedical Analysis, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, China
| | - Olav Rueppell
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, T6G2L3, Canada.
| | - Shufa Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Resource Insects, Institute of Apicultural Research, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, 100193, China.
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Wang YU, Jin D, Guo J. Water mites of the genus Lebertia Neuman (Acari: Hydrachnidia: Lebertiidae) from China, with description of three new species. Zootaxa 2024; 5399:231-240. [PMID: 38221160 DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5399.3.2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2024] [Indexed: 01/16/2024]
Abstract
Three new water mite species of the genus Lebertia Neuman, 1880Lebertia (Lebertia) gimina sp. nov., Lebertia (Mixolebertia) dinghuensis sp. nov. and Lebertia (Mixolebertia) wuyiensis sp. nov.are described from China, along with one new Chinese recordLebertia (Lebertia) ignatowi Sokolow, 1930. The key characteristics for the subgenera of Lebertia are given.
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Affiliation(s)
- Y U Wang
- Institute of Plant Protection; Guizhou Academy of Agricultural Sciences; Guiyang 550006; P. R. China.
| | - Daochao Jin
- Institute of Entomology; Guizhou University; Guizhou Provincial Key Laboratory for Plant Pest Management of Mountainous Region; the Scientific Observing and Experimental Station of Crop Pest in Guiyang; Ministry of Agriculture; P. R. China; Guiyang 550025; P. R. China.
| | - Jianjun Guo
- Institute of Entomology; Guizhou University; Guizhou Provincial Key Laboratory for Plant Pest Management of Mountainous Region; the Scientific Observing and Experimental Station of Crop Pest in Guiyang; Ministry of Agriculture; P. R. China; Guiyang 550025; P. R. China.
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Nzelu CO, Meneses C, Bowhay C, Coutinho-Abreu IV, Bennett E, Bahrami S, Bonilla B, Kamhawi S, Valenzuela JG, Peters NC. Disentangling detrimental sand fly-mite interactions in a closed laboratory sand fly colony: implications for vector-borne disease studies and guidelines for overcoming severe mite infestations. Parasit Vectors 2024; 17:11. [PMID: 38183132 PMCID: PMC10768091 DOI: 10.1186/s13071-023-06074-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2023] [Accepted: 11/29/2023] [Indexed: 01/07/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Vector sand fly colonies are a critical component of studies aimed at improving the understanding of the neglected tropical disease leishmaniasis and alleviating its global impact. However, among laboratory-colonized arthropod vectors of infectious diseases, the labor-intensive nature of sand fly rearing coupled with the low number of colonies worldwide has generally discouraged the widespread use of sand flies in laboratory settings. Among the different factors associated with the low productivity of sand fly colonies, mite infestations are a significant factor. Sand fly colonies are prone to infestation by mites, and the physical interactions between sand flies and mites and metabolites have a negative impact on sand fly larval development. METHODS Mites were collected from sand fly larval rearing pots and morphologically identified using taxonomic keys. Upon identification, they were photographed with a scanning electron microscope. Several mite control measures were adopted in two different laboratories, one at the Laboratory of Malaria and Vector Research, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases-National Institutes of Health (Rockville, MD, USA), and the other at the University of Calgary (Calgary, AB, Canada). RESULTS The mite species associated with sand fly colonies in the two laboratories were morphologically identified as Tyrophagus sp. and Stratiolaelaps scimitus. While complete eradication of mites in sand fly colonies is considered unrealistic, drastically reducing their population has been associated with higher sand fly productivity. CONCLUSIONS We report a case of detrimental interaction between sand flies and Tyrophagus sp. and S. scimitus in a closed laboratory sand fly colony, discuss their impact on sand fly production and provide guidelines for limiting the mite population size in a closed laboratory colony leading to improved sand fly yields.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chukwunonso O Nzelu
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology, and Infectious Diseases, Snyder Institute for Chronic Diseases, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada.
- Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada.
| | - Claudio Meneses
- Laboratory of Malaria and Vector Research, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Rockville, MD, USA.
| | - Christina Bowhay
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology, and Infectious Diseases, Snyder Institute for Chronic Diseases, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada
- Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada
| | | | - Emily Bennett
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology, and Infectious Diseases, Snyder Institute for Chronic Diseases, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada
- Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada
| | - Somayeh Bahrami
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology, and Infectious Diseases, Snyder Institute for Chronic Diseases, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada
- Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada
- Department of Parasitology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Shahid Chamran University of Ahvaz, Ahvaz, Iran
| | - Brian Bonilla
- Laboratory of Malaria and Vector Research, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Rockville, MD, USA
| | - Shaden Kamhawi
- Laboratory of Malaria and Vector Research, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Rockville, MD, USA
| | - Jesus G Valenzuela
- Laboratory of Malaria and Vector Research, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Rockville, MD, USA
| | - Nathan C Peters
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology, and Infectious Diseases, Snyder Institute for Chronic Diseases, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada
- Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada
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Kazemi S, Klompen H. Description of the second species of Cingulacarus Elsen (Acari, Mesostigmata, Diplogyniidae), and notes on the genus. Zootaxa 2024; 5397:225-238. [PMID: 38221208 DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5397.2.4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2024] [Indexed: 01/16/2024]
Abstract
Cingulacarus Elsen is a monotypic genus of Trigynaspida based on C. gangeticus Elsen, collected from the scarabaeid beetle Scarabaeus gangeticus (Castelnau) (Col., Scarabaeidae) in the Democratic Republic of the Congo. Herein, a second species of the genus, C. kermanensis sp. nov. is described based on female and male specimens collected in southeastern Iran, in association with Oryctes elegans L. (Col., Scarabaeidae). The diagnosis of the genus Cingulacarus is revised, with a discussion of the impact on current generic keys for the family Diplogyniidae, and a proposal to eliminate the current subfamilial classification within that family.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shahrooz Kazemi
- Department of Biodiversity; Institute of Science and High Technology and Environmental Sciences; Graduate University of Advanced Technology; Kerman; Iran; Acarology Laboratory; Ecology Evolution and Organismal Biology EEOB; Ohio State University; Columbus; Ohio; United States of America.
| | - Hans Klompen
- Acarology Laboratory; Ecology Evolution and Organismal Biology EEOB; Ohio State University; Columbus; Ohio; United States of America.
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Schütte K, Springer A, Brandes F, Reuschel M, Fehr M, Strube C. Ectoparasites of European hedgehogs (Erinaceus europaeus) in Germany and their health impact. Parasit Vectors 2024; 17:2. [PMID: 38167501 PMCID: PMC10763030 DOI: 10.1186/s13071-023-06081-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2023] [Accepted: 12/03/2023] [Indexed: 01/05/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The European hedgehog (Erinaceus europaeus) is known for high levels of ectoparasitism that not only represents a health risk for the animals themselves, but also for pet animals and humans as hedgehogs are frequently taken into human care. In the present study, patterns of ectoparasite infestation were assessed in hedgehogs taken into care at northern German animal rehabilitation centres. METHODS Ectoparasites (ticks, fleas and mites) of 498 hedgehogs were collected over a period of 3 years from July 2018 to May 2021. Species were identified based on morphological characteristics and also via amplification and sequencing of the partial cytochrome c oxidase subunit 2 (COX-2) gene for fleas of the family Ceratophyllidae. Seasonal changes in infestation patterns as well as correlations with animal age, body weight and health status were assessed using generalised linear models. RESULTS Infestation with ticks, fleas and mites occurred throughout the year. Overall, 86.5% (431/498) of the examined hedgehogs were infested with ticks, 91.4% (455/498) with fleas and 17.7% (88/498) with mites. Ixodes ricinus and Ixodes hexagonus/Ixodes canisuga were the most common tick species detected, with the additional occurrence of one Ixodes frontalis. Significant seasonal changes were observed for I. ricinus, but not for I. hexagonus/I. canisuga. Additionally, I. ricinus nymph prevalence declined significantly as of 2020, probably as a consequence of the climate change-related drought as of 2018. In hedgehogs with flea infestations, Archaeopsylla erinacei, Ceratophyllus sciurorum, Nosopsyllus fasciatus and Ctenocephalides felis were identified. In all cases of mite infestation, Caparinia tripilis was detected, in addition to specimens of the family Macronyssidae and free-living mites of the family Acaridae. Statistical analyses showed correlations regarding the factors month, year, body weight and age, but no correlation was evident regarding the health status of the animals. CONCLUSIONS With a detected infestation rate of 98.6%, almost all of the examined hedgehogs were infested with at least one ectoparasite species. The seasonal activity patterns of the different ectoparasite species together with the complex annual cycle of hedgehogs lead to different seasonal patterns in ectoparasite prevalence and infestation intensities. Due to the risk of transmission of zoonotic pathogens as well as the possible negative impact on the host itself, hedgehogs should be treated against ectoparasites when taken into care facilities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karolin Schütte
- Institute for Parasitology, Centre for Infection Medicine, University of Veterinary Medicine Hannover, Hanover, Germany
- Wildlife Rescue and Conservation Center Sachsenhagen, Sachsenhagen, Germany
| | - Andrea Springer
- Institute for Parasitology, Centre for Infection Medicine, University of Veterinary Medicine Hannover, Hanover, Germany
| | - Florian Brandes
- Wildlife Rescue and Conservation Center Sachsenhagen, Sachsenhagen, Germany
| | - Maximilian Reuschel
- Department of Small Mammal, Reptile and Avian Diseases, University of Veterinary Medicine Hannover, Hanover, Germany
| | - Michael Fehr
- Department of Small Mammal, Reptile and Avian Diseases, University of Veterinary Medicine Hannover, Hanover, Germany
| | - Christina Strube
- Institute for Parasitology, Centre for Infection Medicine, University of Veterinary Medicine Hannover, Hanover, Germany.
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Sulzbach A, Gedoz C, Quadri VD, Ohlweiler LM, Silva FR, da Silva GL, Johann L. Impact of the mites Dermanyssus gallinae and Tyrophagus putrescentiae on production and health of laying hens. Exp Appl Acarol 2024; 92:61-85. [PMID: 38123750 DOI: 10.1007/s10493-023-00869-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2023] [Accepted: 11/13/2023] [Indexed: 12/23/2023]
Abstract
Mites are considered a threat to the commercial poultry industry due to their direct and indirect pathogenic effects. Dermanyssus gallinae is among the mite species that endanger production, as it is hematophagous and poses a serious sanitary risk. Recently, Tyrophagus putrescentiae has also drawn attention as a potential pest in the poultry industry, and its attacks have been related to clinical symptoms such as cutaneous eruptions and bird restlessness. Considering the potential economic, sanitary, and productive losses both species represent to the laying-hen industry, the aim of the present study was to evaluate the influence of D. gallinae and T. putrescentiae on the health and productivity of commercial laying hens by carrying out infestation experiments and by monitoring laying hens for a period of 60 days. Tyrophagus putrescentiae and D. gallinae affected egg quality and zootechnical parameters in laying hens. Hens infested by T. putrescentiae had behavioral changes, weight loss, stress symptoms, and decreased egg laying and quality, as well as diarrhea, gradual feather loss, and itching. Hens infested by D. gallinae also had weight loss, behavioral changes, and stress symptoms, leading to decreased laying and egg quality. The present study proposes an experimental model to understand the impacts caused by T. putrescentiae and D. gallinae on commercial laying production and egg quality parameters.
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Affiliation(s)
- Angélica Sulzbach
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Sistemas Ambientais Sustentáveis, Universidade do Vale do Taquari - Univates, Av. Avelino Talini, 171 Bairro Universitário, Lajeado, Rio Grande do Sul, CEP 95914-014, Brasil.
| | - Carolina Gedoz
- Centro de Ciências da Vida, Universidade do Vale do Taquari - Univates, Lajeado, Rio Grande do Sul, Brasil
| | - Verônica Dalmolin Quadri
- Centro de Ciências da Vida, Universidade do Vale do Taquari - Univates, Lajeado, Rio Grande do Sul, Brasil
| | - Laura Marina Ohlweiler
- Centro de Ciências da Vida, Universidade do Vale do Taquari - Univates, Lajeado, Rio Grande do Sul, Brasil
| | | | - Guilherme Liberato da Silva
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Sistemas Ambientais Sustentáveis, Universidade do Vale do Taquari - Univates, Av. Avelino Talini, 171 Bairro Universitário, Lajeado, Rio Grande do Sul, CEP 95914-014, Brasil
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Médicas, Universidade do Vale do Taquari - Univates, Lajeado, Rio Grande do Sul, Brasil
| | - Liana Johann
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Sistemas Ambientais Sustentáveis, Universidade do Vale do Taquari - Univates, Av. Avelino Talini, 171 Bairro Universitário, Lajeado, Rio Grande do Sul, CEP 95914-014, Brasil
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Amaral HLDC, Bergmann FB, Santos PRS, Remião MH, Krüger RF, Silveira T. Distribution of phoretic mites and lice in Pseudolynchia canariensis living on pigeons and the relationship with seasonality, carrier sex, plumage coloration and age of definitive hosts. Acta Trop 2024; 249:107068. [PMID: 37951328 DOI: 10.1016/j.actatropica.2023.107068] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2023] [Revised: 11/07/2023] [Accepted: 11/08/2023] [Indexed: 11/13/2023]
Abstract
Among the parasites, some groups that have a limited capacity for locomotion, such as mites and lice, the transmission is challenging to win. These ectoparasites disperse through direct contact between hosts or, in some cases, through phoresy. However, these processes are not well-documented in detail because they are difficult to observe and quantify. In the present study, the patterns of distribution of skin mites and phoretic lice on hippoboscid louse fly Pseudolynchia canariensis sampled from Columba livia were evaluated. The analyzed pigeons were juveniles and adults, with three distinct plumage colors: blue checker, spread, or wild type, and were caught over 24 months. A total of 1,381 hippoboscid flies were collected on 377 hosts. The plumage color did not influence the infestation patterns of louse flies on juvenile and adult pigeons, nor did it influence the infestation patterns of skin mites and phoretic lice on the hippoboscid flies. However, the environmental temperature was directly related to higher prevalence, mean infestation intensity, and phoretic species richness on P. canariensis during the hottest seasons. Furthermore, a higher abundance of phoretic mite eggs, including embryonated eggs, was observed in females of P. canariensis in all seasons.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hugo Leonardo da Cunha Amaral
- Departamento de Microbiologia e Parasitologia, Programa de Pós-graduação em Parasitologia, Instituto de Biologia, Universidade Federal de Pelotas, Av. Eliseu Maciel, s/n, Instituto de Biologia: Travessa André Dreyfus, s/n - Prédio 19, Capão do Leão, Rio Grande do Sul CEP: 96010-610, Brazil.
| | - Fabiane Borba Bergmann
- Programa de Pós-graduação em Biodiversidade Animal, Centro de Ciências Naturais e Exatas, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, Santa Maria, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
| | | | - Mariana Härter Remião
- Núcleo de Biotecnologia, Centro de Desenvolvimento Tecnológico, Universidade Federal de Pelotas, Capão do Leão, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
| | - Rodrigo Ferreira Krüger
- Departamento de Microbiologia e Parasitologia, Programa de Pós-graduação em Parasitologia, Instituto de Biologia, Universidade Federal de Pelotas, Av. Eliseu Maciel, s/n, Instituto de Biologia: Travessa André Dreyfus, s/n - Prédio 19, Capão do Leão, Rio Grande do Sul CEP: 96010-610, Brazil
| | - Tony Silveira
- Departamento de Morfologia, Instituto de Biologia, Universidade Federal de Pelotas, Pelotas, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
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Zhou Y, Zhu K, Li Q, Zhou D, Ren Y, Liao Y, Cao P, Gong Y, Cui Y. Immunobiological properties and structure analysis of group 13 allergen from Blomia tropicalis and its IgE-mediated cross-reactivity. Int J Biol Macromol 2024; 254:127788. [PMID: 37926306 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2023.127788] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2023] [Revised: 10/16/2023] [Accepted: 10/28/2023] [Indexed: 11/07/2023]
Abstract
Blomia tropicalis is an important species of allergenic mite. Structurally related cross-reactive allergens are involved in pathogenesis of clinical symptoms. The present study focused on recombinant allergen rBlo t 13 from B. tropicalis, including investigation of its structure, immunological properties, IgE-mediated cross-reactivity. In this work, the prokaryotic expression plasmids pET-28(a)-Blo t 13, pET-28(a)-Der f 13, and pET-28(a)-Tyr p 13 were constructed, transformed into E. coli Rosetta (DE3) pLysS, and purified by nickel affinity chromatography, respectively. By using ELISA, the IgE-binding rates were detected for rBlo t 13 and its epitope peptides, as well as the cross-reactivity among rBlo t 13, rDer f 13, and rTyr p 13. The tertiary structure of rBlo t 13 was resolved using X-ray diffraction at 2.0 Å resolution. Using IgE-ELISA, the IgE binding rate of rBlo t 13 was 60 % with Blomia tropicalis-positive sera. In the experiments of ELISA for cross-reactivity with rBlo t 13 on solid phase, the inhibition rates were 65 %, 57 % and 63 % for rBlo t 13, rDer f 13, and rTyr p 13, respectively. The structure of Blo t 13 protein contains a β-barrel structure which is composed of 10 β strands and has 2 α helices at the end of the barrel. Comparison of the tertiary structures of rBlo t 13, rDer f 13, and rTyr p 13 revealed that the β-barrel structure is highly conserved, consistent with the alignment of amino acid sequences. We obtained the recombinant protein rBlo t 13, demonstrated its cross-reactivity with Der f 13 and Tyr p 13 due to their structural similarity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ying Zhou
- Department of Pediatrics Laboratory, The Affiliated Wuxi Children's Hospital of Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214023, PR China
| | - Keli Zhu
- Beijing Synchrotron Radiation Facility, Institute of High Energy Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, PR China
| | - Qingqing Li
- Clinical Research Center, The Affiliated Wuxi People's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Wuxi 214023, PR China
| | - Dongmei Zhou
- Clinical Research Center, The Affiliated Wuxi People's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Wuxi 214023, PR China
| | - Yaning Ren
- Clinical Research Center, The Affiliated Wuxi People's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Wuxi 214023, PR China
| | - Yuanfen Liao
- Clinical Research Center, The Affiliated Wuxi People's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Wuxi 214023, PR China
| | - Peng Cao
- Faculty of Environment and Life, Beijing University of Technology, Beijing, China
| | - Yong Gong
- Beijing Synchrotron Radiation Facility, Institute of High Energy Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, PR China.
| | - Yubao Cui
- Clinical Research Center, The Affiliated Wuxi People's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Wuxi 214023, PR China.
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Huang WL, Huang CM, Chu CY, Hu FR. Comorbidity of Ocular and Facial Demodicosis. Am J Ophthalmol 2024; 257:201-211. [PMID: 37739203 DOI: 10.1016/j.ajo.2023.09.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2023] [Revised: 09/11/2023] [Accepted: 09/11/2023] [Indexed: 09/24/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE To determine the association between ocular and facial demodicosis, and the effect of facial treatment on ocular demodicosis. DESIGN Prospective clinical cohort study. METHODS Ocular demodicosis outpatients from a tertiary medical center were enrolled from April to December 2020. The diagnosis was based on epilation of 4 eyelashes from each upper eyelid. High ocular Demodex load (ODL) was defined as ≥8 mites per eye. Facial infestation was assessed by direct microscopic examination, with facial Demodex overgrowth (FDO) defined as a density >5 mites/cm2. All patients were prescribed 3 months of ocular treatment, and FDO patients received dermatologic treatment. RESULTS Eighty-nine patients were enrolled. Among those that completed the treatment course, 39 presented high ODL. Lower cylindrical sleeve counts were found in low ODL patients (low ODL vs high ODL: 8 vs 14, P = .009). FDO was less prevalent in this group (49% vs 77%, P = .012). The Ocular Surface Disease Index score decreased in patients without FDO (20.0 ± 17.1 to 14.0 ± 16.6, P = .027) after 3 months of topical tea tree oil treatment. Topical ivermectin treatment on the facial skin provided a higher ocular Demodex eradication rate in FDO patients (76% vs 16%, P < .001). CONCLUSION Concurrence of ocular and facial demodicosis is common, especially in cases of severe ocular demodicosis. Although ocular treatment alone is effective for patients with ocular demodicosis only, cotreatment with topical ivermectin on the facial skin enhances ocular Demodex eradication in patients with comorbid facial Demodex overgrowth.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei-Lun Huang
- From the Department of Ophthalmology, National Taiwan University Hospital Hsinchu Branch (W.-L.H.), Hsinchu, Taiwan; Graduate Institute of Clinical Medicine, College of Medicine, National Taiwan University (W.-L.H.), Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Chang-Ming Huang
- Department of Dermatology, National Taiwan University Hospital, College of Medicine, National Taiwan University (C.-M.H., C.-Y.C.), Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Chia-Yu Chu
- Department of Dermatology, National Taiwan University Hospital, College of Medicine, National Taiwan University (C.-M.H., C.-Y.C.), Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Fung-Rong Hu
- Department of Ophthalmology, National Taiwan University Hospital, College of Medicine, National Taiwan University (F.-R.H.), Taipei, Taiwan.
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Palanisamy M. Mite Under Microscope: Demodex folliculorum. J Cutan Med Surg 2024; 28:106. [PMID: 38205739 DOI: 10.1177/12034754231223957] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/12/2024]
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Druciarek T, Sierra-Mejia A, Zagrodzki SK, Singh S, Ho T, Lewandowski M, Tzanetakis IE. Phyllocoptes parviflori is a distinct species and a vector of the pervasive blackberry leaf mottle associated virus. Infect Genet Evol 2024; 117:105538. [PMID: 38072369 DOI: 10.1016/j.meegid.2023.105538] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2023] [Revised: 12/02/2023] [Accepted: 12/05/2023] [Indexed: 12/17/2023]
Abstract
Several viruses are transmitted by eriophyid mites (Acariformes: Eriophyoidea) including blackberry leaf mottle-associated emaravirus (BLMaV) (Emaravirus rubi). BLMaV is transmitted by an unidentified eriophyid species and is involved in blackberry yellow vein, a devastating disease in the southeastern United States. In this study, we assessed the eriophyid mite Phylocoptes parviflori as a vector of BLMaV and clarified its taxonomic status as it was previously synonymized with Phyllocoptes gracilis. P. parviflori can efficiently transmit BLMaV. The virus was found to cause yellow vein disease symptoms on 'Ouachita' blackberry marking a paradigm shift as disease symptoms have always been associated with multiple virus infections. Therefore, we propose renaming the virus to blackberry leaf mottle virus. The occurrence of P. parviflori on wild and cultivated blackberries, as well as its ability to colonize other Rubus species, enhances its importance as a major contributor to the spread of yellow vein disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tobiasz Druciarek
- Department of Entomology and Plant Pathology, Division of Agriculture, University of Arkansas System Fayetteville, AR 72701, USA; Department of Plant Protection, Institute of Horticultural Sciences, Warsaw University of Life Sciences-SGGW, Nowoursynowska 159, 02-776 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Andrea Sierra-Mejia
- Department of Entomology and Plant Pathology, Division of Agriculture, University of Arkansas System Fayetteville, AR 72701, USA
| | - Stanislaw K Zagrodzki
- Department of Entomology and Plant Pathology, Division of Agriculture, University of Arkansas System Fayetteville, AR 72701, USA; Department of Plant Protection, Institute of Horticultural Sciences, Warsaw University of Life Sciences-SGGW, Nowoursynowska 159, 02-776 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Shivani Singh
- Department of Entomology and Plant Pathology, Division of Agriculture, University of Arkansas System Fayetteville, AR 72701, USA
| | - Thien Ho
- Driscoll's Inc., Watsonville, CA 95076, USA
| | - Mariusz Lewandowski
- Department of Entomology and Plant Pathology, Division of Agriculture, University of Arkansas System Fayetteville, AR 72701, USA; Department of Plant Protection, Institute of Horticultural Sciences, Warsaw University of Life Sciences-SGGW, Nowoursynowska 159, 02-776 Warsaw, Poland.
| | - Ioannis E Tzanetakis
- Department of Entomology and Plant Pathology, Division of Agriculture, University of Arkansas System Fayetteville, AR 72701, USA.
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Matos MC, Silva FWB, Filgueiras RMC, Lima DB, Melo JWS. Compatibility of pesticides with the predatory mite Neoseiulus barkeri. Exp Appl Acarol 2024; 92:27-39. [PMID: 37985607 DOI: 10.1007/s10493-023-00865-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2023] [Accepted: 11/09/2023] [Indexed: 11/22/2023]
Abstract
Multiple arthropod pests can affect the same crop in agricultural systems, requiring the integration of control methods. In the present study, the effects of residual exposure to four broad-spectrum insecticides/acaricides (azadiractin, abamectin, chlorfenapyr, and fenpyroximate) on immature (development and survival time) and adult females (longevity, fecundity, and fertility life table parameters) of the predatory mite Neoseiulus barkeri were evaluated. Additionally, the insecticides/acaricides were categorized according to their selectivity based on the classification proposed by the International Organization for Biological Control (IOBC) for assessing the susceptibility of arthropods in laboratory experiments. Method 004, proposed by the Insecticide Resistance Action Committee (IRAC), was adopted for the bioassays with predators exposed to insecticide-acaricide residues. Among the insecticides/acaricides studied, azadirachtin had minimal effects on immature and adult N. barkeri (all non-significant) and was considered harmless based on the classification of toxicity according to the standards/categories proposed by the IOBC. All other insecticides/acaricides affected immature and adult N. barkeri and were considered slightly harmful in terms of toxicity, according to the IOBC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mateus C Matos
- Departamento de Fitotecnia - Agronomia, Universidade Federal do Ceará, Av. Mister Hull, Fortaleza, CE, 60356-001, Brazil
| | - Francisco W B Silva
- Departamento de Fitotecnia - Agronomia, Universidade Federal do Ceará, Av. Mister Hull, Fortaleza, CE, 60356-001, Brazil
| | - Rosenya M C Filgueiras
- Departamento de Fitotecnia - Agronomia, Universidade Federal do Ceará, Av. Mister Hull, Fortaleza, CE, 60356-001, Brazil
| | - Debora B Lima
- Departamento de Zoologia - Centro de Biociência, Universidade Federal de Pernambuco, Avenida Professor Moraes Rego, Recife, PE, 50670-420, Brazil
| | - Jose W S Melo
- Departamento de Zoologia - Centro de Biociência, Universidade Federal de Pernambuco, Avenida Professor Moraes Rego, Recife, PE, 50670-420, Brazil.
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Tzoumpa S, Brun S, Amsler E, Izri A, Akhoundi M, Caux F, Prost-Squarcioni C, Le Roux-Villet C. Bullous presentation of demodicosis in a young immunocompetent patient. Int J Dermatol 2024; 63:e6-e8. [PMID: 37990591 DOI: 10.1111/ijd.16930] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2023] [Revised: 09/23/2023] [Accepted: 11/14/2023] [Indexed: 11/23/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Sofia Tzoumpa
- Department of Dermatology, Reference Center for Auto-immune Bullous Diseases, Avicenne University Hospital, AP-HP, Sorbonne-Paris-Nord University, Bobigny, France
| | - Sophie Brun
- Parasitology-Mycology Department, Avicenne University Hospital, AP-HP, Sorbonne-Paris-Nord University, Bobigny, France
| | - Emmanuelle Amsler
- Department of Dermatology, Allergology and Vascular Medicine, Tenon University Hospital, AP-HP, Sorbonne University, Paris, France
| | - Arezki Izri
- Parasitology-Mycology Department, Avicenne University Hospital, AP-HP, Sorbonne-Paris-Nord University, Bobigny, France
- Unité des Virus Émergents, Aix Marseille Univ-IRD 190-Inserm 1207-IHU Méditerranée Infection, Marseille, France
| | - Mohammad Akhoundi
- Parasitology-Mycology Department, Avicenne University Hospital, AP-HP, Sorbonne-Paris-Nord University, Bobigny, France
- Unité des Virus Émergents, Aix Marseille Univ-IRD 190-Inserm 1207-IHU Méditerranée Infection, Marseille, France
| | - Frédéric Caux
- Department of Dermatology, Reference Center for Auto-immune Bullous Diseases, Avicenne University Hospital, AP-HP, Sorbonne-Paris-Nord University, Bobigny, France
| | - Catherine Prost-Squarcioni
- Department of Dermatology, Reference Center for Auto-immune Bullous Diseases, Avicenne University Hospital, AP-HP, Sorbonne-Paris-Nord University, Bobigny, France
| | - Christelle Le Roux-Villet
- Department of Dermatology, Reference Center for Auto-immune Bullous Diseases, Avicenne University Hospital, AP-HP, Sorbonne-Paris-Nord University, Bobigny, France
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Wan ATY, Xiong Q, Xiao X, Ao KFK, Jang SW, Wong BSH, Wang M, Cao Q, Fung CSH, Chew FT, Sun B, Ngai SM, Leung TF, Jeong KY, Liu X, Tsui SKW. Multi-omic analysis of Tyrophagus putrescentiae reveals insights into the allergen complexity of storage mites. Clin Exp Allergy 2024; 54:77-81. [PMID: 37984814 DOI: 10.1111/cea.14418] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2023] [Revised: 10/11/2023] [Accepted: 10/26/2023] [Indexed: 11/22/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Angel Tsz-Yau Wan
- School of Biomedical Sciences, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, Hong Kong
- Hong Kong Bioinformatics Centre, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, Hong Kong
| | - Qing Xiong
- School of Biomedical Sciences, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, Hong Kong
- Hong Kong Bioinformatics Centre, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, Hong Kong
- Department of Health Technology and Informatics, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Kowloon, Hong Kong
| | - Xiaojun Xiao
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Allergy and Immunology, School of Medicine, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, China
| | - Kelvin Fu-Kiu Ao
- School of Biomedical Sciences, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, Hong Kong
| | - Seok Woo Jang
- Institute of Allergy, Department of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine, Yonsei University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Brian Shing-Hei Wong
- School of Biomedical Sciences, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, Hong Kong
| | - Mingqiang Wang
- School of Biomedical Sciences, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, Hong Kong
- Centre for Microbial Genomics and Proteomics, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, Hong Kong
| | - Qin Cao
- School of Biomedical Sciences, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, Hong Kong
| | - Cathy Sin-Hang Fung
- School of Biomedical Sciences, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, Hong Kong
| | - Fook-Tim Chew
- Department of Biological Sciences, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Baoqing Sun
- State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Sai Ming Ngai
- School of Life Sciences, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, Hong Kong
| | - Ting-Fan Leung
- Department of Paediatrics, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, Hong Kong
| | - Kyoung Yong Jeong
- Institute of Allergy, Department of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine, Yonsei University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Xiaoyu Liu
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Allergy and Immunology, School of Medicine, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, China
| | - Stephen Kwok-Wing Tsui
- School of Biomedical Sciences, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, Hong Kong
- Hong Kong Bioinformatics Centre, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, Hong Kong
- Centre for Microbial Genomics and Proteomics, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, Hong Kong
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Reichert MB, Schneider JR, Wurlitzer WB, Ferla NJ. Impacts of cultivar and management practices on the diversity and population dynamics of mites in soybean crops. Exp Appl Acarol 2024; 92:41-59. [PMID: 38036759 DOI: 10.1007/s10493-023-00862-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2023] [Accepted: 11/06/2023] [Indexed: 12/02/2023]
Abstract
The objective of this study was to evaluate the diversity and population dynamics of mites in soybean crops with different cultivars and management practices. The study was conducted in two soybean production fields in the municipalities of Mato Queimado (L1) and Três de Maio (L2), Rio Grande do Sul state, Brazil. Two transgenic cultivars were used, and insecticide applications varied among treatments. Sampling began at the V2 stage, with 60 leaves/area/collection that were sorted, mites were collected and identified using dichotomous keys. A total of 18,100 mites belonging to 12 species were found. Among the species, Tetranychus urticae Koch, Mononychellus planki (McGregor), and Tetranychus ludeni Zacher (Tetranychidae) were the most abundant, whereas the most abundant predatory mites were the phytoseiids Neoseiulus californicus McGregor and Neoseiulus idaeus Denmark and Muma, with N. idaeus being more abundant and present in all areas. The acarofauna was influenced by environmental conditions and management practices. Neoseiulus idaeus was commonly associated with populations of M. planki, T. ludeni, and T. urticae. Neoseiulus californicus tolerated pesticide use but was affected by severe water stress, whereas N. idaeus tolerated periods of low relative humidity and high temperatures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marliza Beatris Reichert
- Curso de Engenharia Ambiental e Sanitária, FAHOR-Faculdade Horizontina, Campus Arnoldo Schneider, Horizontina, RS, 98920-000, Brasil
| | - Julia Renata Schneider
- Laboratório de Acarologia, UNIVATES-Universidade do Vale do Taquari, Labacari, Lajeado, RS, 95913- 528, Brasil.
- PPG em Biotecnologia, Universidade do Vale do Taquari, Lajeado, RS, 95914-014, Brasil.
| | - Wesley Borges Wurlitzer
- Laboratório de Acarologia, UNIVATES-Universidade do Vale do Taquari, Labacari, Lajeado, RS, 95913- 528, Brasil
- PPG em Biotecnologia, Universidade do Vale do Taquari, Lajeado, RS, 95914-014, Brasil
| | - Noeli Juarez Ferla
- Laboratório de Acarologia, UNIVATES-Universidade do Vale do Taquari, Labacari, Lajeado, RS, 95913- 528, Brasil
- PPG em Biotecnologia, Universidade do Vale do Taquari, Lajeado, RS, 95914-014, Brasil
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Xia MH, Pan D, Li CZ, Li YC, Dou W, Wang JJ. Sublethal and transgenerational effects of lufenuron on the biological traits of Panonychus citri (McGregor) (Acari: Tetranychidae). Pestic Biochem Physiol 2024; 198:105727. [PMID: 38225066 DOI: 10.1016/j.pestbp.2023.105727] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2023] [Revised: 11/30/2023] [Accepted: 12/04/2023] [Indexed: 01/17/2024]
Abstract
The citrus red mite, Panonychus citri (McGregor), is a globally important pest that has developed severe resistance to various pesticides. Lufenuron has been widely used in the control of the related pests in citrus orchard ecosystem. In this study, the susceptibilities of egg, larva, deutonymph and female adult of P. citri to lufenuron was determined, and the LC50 values were 161.354 mg/L, 49.595 mg/L, 81.580 mg/L, and 147.006 mg/L, respectively. Life-table analysis indicated that the fecundities were significantly increased by 11.86% and 26.84% after the mites were treated with LC20 concentrations of lufenuron at the egg or deutonymph stages, respectively. After eggs were treated with lufenuron, the immature stage and longevity were also affected, and resulted in a significant increase in r, R0 and λ. After exposure of female adults to LC20 of lufenuron, the fecundity and longevity of F0 generation significantly decreased by 31.99% and 10.94%, respectively. Furthermore, the expression level of EcR and Vg was significantly inhibited upon mites was treated with lufenuron. However, lufenuron exposure has a positive effect on fecundity and R0 in F1 generation, the expression of all reproduction-related genes was significantly up-regulated. In conclusion, there was a stimulating effect on the offspring population. Our results will contribute to the assessment of the resurgence of P. citri in the field after the application of lufenuron and the development of integrated pest control strategies in citrus orchards.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meng-Hao Xia
- Key Laboratory of Entomology and Pest Control Engineering, College of Plant Protection, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China; Key Laboratory of Agricultural Biosafety and Green Production of Upper Yangtze River (Ministry of Education), Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China
| | - Deng Pan
- Key Laboratory of Entomology and Pest Control Engineering, College of Plant Protection, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China; Key Laboratory of Agricultural Biosafety and Green Production of Upper Yangtze River (Ministry of Education), Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China.
| | - Chuan-Zhen Li
- Key Laboratory of Entomology and Pest Control Engineering, College of Plant Protection, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China; Key Laboratory of Agricultural Biosafety and Green Production of Upper Yangtze River (Ministry of Education), Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China
| | - Yu-Chuang Li
- Key Laboratory of Entomology and Pest Control Engineering, College of Plant Protection, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China; Key Laboratory of Agricultural Biosafety and Green Production of Upper Yangtze River (Ministry of Education), Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China
| | - Wei Dou
- Key Laboratory of Entomology and Pest Control Engineering, College of Plant Protection, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China; Key Laboratory of Agricultural Biosafety and Green Production of Upper Yangtze River (Ministry of Education), Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China.
| | - Jin-Jun Wang
- Key Laboratory of Entomology and Pest Control Engineering, College of Plant Protection, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China; Key Laboratory of Agricultural Biosafety and Green Production of Upper Yangtze River (Ministry of Education), Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China.
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Flores V, Ruf M, Abad Farfan SP, Suárez Echávez AV, Bastard DP, Puga MC, Mazzuoccolo LD. Prevalence of Demodex spp. in patients with chronic blepharitis. Rev Argent Microbiol 2024; 56:74-78. [PMID: 37541821 DOI: 10.1016/j.ram.2023.05.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2022] [Revised: 04/09/2023] [Accepted: 05/25/2023] [Indexed: 08/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Blepharitis is a very common disease in ophthalmology, dermatology and allergy practice. It generally follows a chronic course and is frequently associated with objective and/or subjective symptoms such as epiphora, red eye, dandruff, gritty sensation, itching, burning, photophobia, and blurred vision. The purpose of this study is to analyze the prevalence of Demodex spp. in patients with symptoms of chronic blepharitis. An analytical cross-sectional study was conducted in the period between 2016 and 2020. All patients with symptoms of chronic blepharitis who underwent a parasitological test of eyelashes (Rapitest) in the Dermatology Department of the Hospital Italiano de Buenos Aires were included. Those with previously established blepharitis due to another infectious cause were excluded. We analyzed 972 patients. Sixty percent (n=585) underwent a positive Rapitest for the presence of Demodex spp. Seventy five percent (n=728) were women. There were no significant differences in the prevalence associated with sex (p=0.38). Among the patients positive for Demodex spp., 65% (n=628) were older than 60 years old. The most frequently associated symptom was itching, present in 35% (n=342). A statistically significant decrease in the number of consultations was observed during the cold months of the year (May-June-July-August). Our results show a high prevalence of Demodex spp. in patients with chronic blepharitis. As its presence reveals a direct association with age, we recommend looking for this parasite in this age group.
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Affiliation(s)
- Viviana Flores
- Hospital Italiano de Buenos Aires, Servicio de Dermatología, Buenos Aires, Argentina.
| | - Marina Ruf
- Hospital Italiano de Buenos Aires, Servicio de Dermatología, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | | | | | - Dolores Pilar Bastard
- Hospital Italiano de Buenos Aires, Servicio de Dermatología, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Maria Celeste Puga
- Hospital Italiano de Buenos Aires, Departamento de Investigación, Buenos Aires, Argentina
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Yao LZ, Li XY, Fan YM. Real-time dermoscopy of numerous mites crawling on the crusted scabies. Clin Microbiol Infect 2024; 30:90-91. [PMID: 37844694 DOI: 10.1016/j.cmi.2023.10.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2023] [Revised: 09/28/2023] [Accepted: 10/11/2023] [Indexed: 10/18/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Lin-Zhi Yao
- Dermatology, Plastic and Cosmetic Surgery Center, The First Dongguan Affiliated Hospital of Guangdong Medical University, Dongguan, Guangdong, China; Department of Dermatology, Affiliated Hospital of Guangdong Medical University, Zhanjiang, Guangdong, China
| | - Xue-Ying Li
- Dermatology, Plastic and Cosmetic Surgery Center, The First Dongguan Affiliated Hospital of Guangdong Medical University, Dongguan, Guangdong, China; Department of Dermatology, Affiliated Hospital of Guangdong Medical University, Zhanjiang, Guangdong, China
| | - Yi-Ming Fan
- Dermatology, Plastic and Cosmetic Surgery Center, The First Dongguan Affiliated Hospital of Guangdong Medical University, Dongguan, Guangdong, China; Department of Dermatology, Affiliated Hospital of Guangdong Medical University, Zhanjiang, Guangdong, China.
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Ataide LMS, Della Vechia JF, Ochoa R, Carrillo D, Revynthi AM. Influence of temperature on the population size of Aceria litchii (Acari: Eriophyidae) and the development of its galls. Exp Appl Acarol 2024; 92:13-25. [PMID: 38085417 DOI: 10.1007/s10493-023-00872-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/15/2023] [Accepted: 11/29/2023] [Indexed: 01/23/2024]
Abstract
The lychee erinose mite, Aceria litchii (Keifer), is a tiny eriophyid mite known to induce the formation of open galls (erinea) on lychee plants, Litchi chinensis Sonn. In lychee infested by A. litchii, four stages of erineum are observed, based on erineum color: hyaline, white, amber and dark brown. The cause of the color change in erinea is unknown, but it might be linked to the extent of A. litchii infestation. Artificially infested lychee seedlings were used to determine the developmental time, trichome density, and mite population size in each of the four erineum stages. The effect of temperature (15, 25, and 35 °C) on A. litchii population size and erineum developmental time was also investigated. Overall, each erineum stage lasted approximately 50 days and the population size of A. litchii increased gradually through the hyaline, white and amber stages, and a strong decline was observed in dark brown erinea. Visual comparisons of the low-temperature scanning electron microscope (LT-SEM) images revealed that the trichome density was lower in the hyaline stage than in the other stages. Temperature influenced mite population size and amber erinea developmental time. Mite population was lower at 35 °C than at 15 and 25 °C, suggesting that high temperatures promote detrimental effects on A. litchii. Amber erinea developed slower at 15 °C than at 25 and 35 °C. Possible effects of the temperature on A. litchii population in lychee plants are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Ronald Ochoa
- Systematic Entomology Laboratory, Department of Agriculture, Agricultural Research Service, Beltsville, MD, 20705, USA
| | - Daniel Carrillo
- Tropical Research and Education Center, University of Florida, Homestead, FL, 33031, USA
| | - Alexandra M Revynthi
- Tropical Research and Education Center, University of Florida, Homestead, FL, 33031, USA.
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Öktem Ö, Dik B. Studies on the Determination of Ectoparasites and the Prevalence Rate in Cattle in İzmir, Aydın and Muğla Regions. Turkiye Parazitol Derg 2023; 47:244-248. [PMID: 38149447 DOI: 10.4274/tpd.galenos.2023.18209] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2023]
Abstract
Objective The aim of the study is to determine the prevalence rates of ectoparasites (external parasites) seen in cattle in Muğla, Aydın and İzmir regions. Methods For ectoparasite screening, a total of 1,353 cattle breeds from Muğla, Aydın and İzmir regions were included in the study. Ectoparasite samples were collected with the help of hand, forceps, comb and scalpel, brought to the laboratory in plastic containers containing 70% alcohol and examined under a microscope. Results In the study, 191 (14.12%) of 1,353 cattle were infested with external parasites. Of the cattle, 138 (72.25%) ticks, 24 (12.57%) lice, 9 (4.71%) tabanid, 8 (4.19%) hippoboscid, 7 (3.66%) fleas and 5 (2.62%) mites were detected. Accordingly, 4 tick species in cattle Hyalomma marginatum, Hyalomma excavatum, Hyalomma detritum, Rhipicephalus turanicus, 4 lice species (Bovicola bovis, Linognathus vituli, Solenopotes capillatus, Haematopinus quadripertusus ), 1 mite species (Chorioptes bovis), 2 flea species (Ctenocephalides canis, Ctenocephalides felis), 1 hippoboscid fly species (Hippobosca equina) ve 3 tabanid fly species (Tabanus bromius, Tabanus exclusus, Philipomyia aprica) diagnosed. Conclusion The presence of external parasites varied depending on the frequency of antiparasitic use in cattle.
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Affiliation(s)
- Özge Öktem
- Selçuk University Faculty of Health Sciences Institute, Konya, Türkiye
| | - Bilal Dik
- Selçuk University Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Department of Parasitology, Konya, Türkiye
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Sümer N, Özkan M, Yıldırımhan HS. Mites and Ticks (Acari) of Bats (Chiroptera) collected from Bursa and Kütahya Provinces, North-Western of Türkiye. Turkiye Parazitol Derg 2023; 47:240-243. [PMID: 38149446 DOI: 10.4274/tpd.galenos.2023.20982] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2023]
Abstract
Objective A total of 357 specimens belonging to nineteen species of bats collected from Bursa and Kütahya Provinces, Türkiye, were examined for mite ectoparasites. Methods Related bat species were collected and studied about ectoparasitologically. For this purpose stereo and light microscopic methods used. Bat species, bat number, acari species, acari number and their gender, infected numbers were determined. Results The bats were found to harbour nine acarid species: Eyndhovenia euryalis, E. myoti, Steatonyssus noctulus, Steatonyssus sp., Ixodes vespertilionis, Dermanyssus sp., Ornithonyssus desultarius, Anchystropus zelebarii and Macronyssus aristippe. Conclusion To the best of our knowledge, this is the first report of acarids on Rhinolophus euryale and Myotis daubentoni. New area and host records are reported.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nurhan Sümer
- Uludağ University, Faculty of Science and Literature, Department of Biology, Bursa, Türkiye
| | - Muhlis Özkan
- Uludağ University, Faculty of Education, Department of Mathematics and Science Education, Bursa, Turkey
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Ermilov SG, Sheykin SD, Stolbov VA. Morphological notes on Mycobates monodactylus Shaldybina, 1970 (Acari, Oribatida, Punctoribatidae). Zootaxa 2023; 5389:146-150. [PMID: 38221033 DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5389.1.11] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2023] [Indexed: 01/16/2024]
Affiliation(s)
- Sergey G Ermilov
- Tyumen State University; Institute of Environmental and Agricultural Biology (X-BIO); Tyumen; Russia.
| | - Sergey D Sheykin
- Tyumen State University; Institute of Environmental and Agricultural Biology (X-BIO); Tyumen; Russia.
| | - Vitaly A Stolbov
- Tyumen State University; Institute of Environmental and Agricultural Biology (X-BIO); Tyumen; Russia.
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50
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Jegede OO, Fajana HO, Adedokun A, Najafian K, Lingling J, Stavness I, Siciliano SD. Integument colour change: Tracking delayed growth of Oppia nitens as a sub-lethal indicator of soil toxicity. Environ Pollut 2023; 339:122772. [PMID: 37858700 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2023.122772] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2023] [Revised: 09/21/2023] [Accepted: 10/16/2023] [Indexed: 10/21/2023]
Abstract
Growth is an important toxicity end-point in ecotoxicology but is rarely used in soil ecotoxicological studies. Here, we assessed the growth change of Oppia nitens when exposed to reference and heavy metal toxicants. To assess mite growth, we developed an image analysis methodology to measure colour spectrum changes of the mite integument at the final developmental stage, as a proxy for growth change. We linked the values of red, green, blue, key-black, and light colour of mites to different growth stages. Based on this concept, we assessed the growth change of mites exposed to cadmium, copper, zinc, lead, boric acid, or phenanthrene at sublethal concentrations in LUFA 2.2 soil for 14 days. Sublethal effects were detected after 7 days of exposure. The growth of O. nitens was more sensitive than survival and reproduction when exposed to copper (EC50growth = 1360 mg/kg compared to EC50reproduction = 2896 mg/kg). Mite growth sensitivity was within the same order of magnitude to mite reproduction when exposed to zinc (EC50growth = 1785; EC50reproduction = 1562 mg/kg). At least 25% of sublethal effects of boric acid and phenanthrene were detected in the mites but growth was not impacted when O. nitens were exposed to lead. Consistent with previous studies, cadmium was the most toxic metal to O. nitens. The mite growth pattern was comparable to mite survival and reproduction from previous studies. Mite growth is a sensitive toxicity endpoint, ecologically relevant, fast, easy to detect, and can be assessed in a non-invasive fashion, thereby complimenting existing O. nitens testing protocols.
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Affiliation(s)
- Olukayode O Jegede
- Department of Soil Science, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, SK, S7N 5A8, Canada; Soil Physics and Land Management Group, Wageningen University & Research, Droevendaalsesteeg 4, 6708, PB Wageningen, the Netherlands.
| | - Hamzat O Fajana
- Toxicology Centre, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, SK, S7N 5B3, Canada
| | - Adedamola Adedokun
- Toxicology Centre, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, SK, S7N 5B3, Canada
| | - Keyhan Najafian
- Department of Computer Science, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, SK, S7N 5C9, Canada
| | - Jin Lingling
- Department of Computer Science, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, SK, S7N 5C9, Canada
| | - Ian Stavness
- Department of Computer Science, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, SK, S7N 5C9, Canada
| | - Steven D Siciliano
- Department of Soil Science, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, SK, S7N 5A8, Canada; Toxicology Centre, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, SK, S7N 5B3, Canada
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