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Castillo-Ordoñez WO, Cajas-Salazar N, Velasco-Reyes MA. Genetic and epigenetic targets of natural dietary compounds as anti-Alzheimer's agents. Neural Regen Res 2024; 19:846-854. [PMID: 37843220 PMCID: PMC10664119 DOI: 10.4103/1673-5374.382232] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2023] [Revised: 06/15/2023] [Accepted: 07/18/2023] [Indexed: 10/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Alzheimer's disease is a progressive neurodegenerative disorder and the most common cause of dementia that principally affects older adults. Pathogenic factors, such as oxidative stress, an increase in acetylcholinesterase activity, mitochondrial dysfunction, genotoxicity, and neuroinflammation are present in this syndrome, which leads to neurodegeneration. Neurodegenerative pathologies such as Alzheimer's disease are considered late-onset diseases caused by the complex combination of genetic, epigenetic, and environmental factors. There are two main types of Alzheimer's disease, known as familial Alzheimer's disease (onset < 65 years) and late-onset or sporadic Alzheimer's disease (onset ≥ 65 years). Patients with familial Alzheimer's disease inherit the disease due to rare mutations on the amyloid precursor protein (APP), presenilin 1 and 2 (PSEN1 and PSEN2) genes in an autosomal-dominantly fashion with closely 100% penetrance. In contrast, a different picture seems to emerge for sporadic Alzheimer's disease, which exhibits numerous non-Mendelian anomalies suggesting an epigenetic component in its etiology. Importantly, the fundamental pathophysiological mechanisms driving Alzheimer's disease are interfaced with epigenetic dysregulation. However, the dynamic nature of epigenetics seems to open up new avenues and hope in regenerative neurogenesis to improve brain repair in Alzheimer's disease or following injury or stroke in humans. In recent years, there has been an increase in interest in using natural products for the treatment of neurodegenerative illnesses such as Alzheimer's disease. Through epigenetic mechanisms, such as DNA methylation, non-coding RNAs, histone modification, and chromatin conformation regulation, natural compounds appear to exert neuroprotective effects. While we do not purport to cover every in this work, we do attempt to illustrate how various phytochemical compounds regulate the epigenetic effects of a few Alzheimer's disease-related genes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Willian Orlando Castillo-Ordoñez
- Facultad de Ciencias Naturales-Exactas y de la Educación, Departamento de Biología. Universidad del Cauca, Popayán-Cauca, Colombia
- Departamento de Estudios Psicológicos, Universidad Icesi, Cali, Colombia
| | - Nohelia Cajas-Salazar
- Facultad de Ciencias Naturales-Exactas y de la Educación, Departamento de Biología. Universidad del Cauca, Popayán-Cauca, Colombia
| | - Mayra Alejandra Velasco-Reyes
- Facultad de Ciencias Naturales-Exactas y de la Educación, Departamento de Biología. Universidad del Cauca, Popayán-Cauca, Colombia
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2
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Castillo Ordoñez WO, Aristizabal-Pachon AF, Alves LB, Giuliatti S. Epigenetic regulation exerted by Caliphruria subedentata and galantamine: an in vitro and in silico approach for mimic Alzheimer's disease. J Biomol Struct Dyn 2023:1-16. [PMID: 37814967 DOI: 10.1080/07391102.2023.2261034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2023] [Accepted: 09/13/2023] [Indexed: 10/11/2023]
Abstract
At the interface between genes and environment, epigenetic mechanisms, including DNA methylation and histone modification, regulate neurogenic processes such as differentiation, proliferation, and maturation of neural stem cells. However, these mechanisms are altered in Alzheimer's disease (AD), a neurodegenerative condition that mainly affects older adults. Since epigenetic mechanisms are known to be reversible, a number of molecules from natural sources are being studied as epigenetic regulators in AD. Recently, in vitro and in silico studies have shown that C. subedentata and its alkaloids modulated neurotoxicity. However, studies exploring the epigenetic activity of these alkaloids are limited. We conducted a set of bioassays to evaluate neuronal differentiation and the sensitivity of undifferentiated SH-SY5 cells against a neurotoxic stimulus. In addition, we analyzed the methylation profiles in genes such as APP, PSI, and BACE1 due to their role in amyloid processing. Docking and molecular dynamic analysis were used to explore the effect exerted by C. subedentata alkaloids on the regulation of histone deacetylases (HDAC2, HDAC3 and HDAC7). The results demonstrated that C. subedentata and galantamine induce neuronal differentiation and protect the undifferentiated SH-SY5Y cells against Aβ(1-42)-induced neurotoxicity. The methylation profiles of the studied genes show no statistically significant differences between C. subedentata, galantamine. However, these findings should be interpreted with caution, since small changes in methylation promoters in the brain could not be easily detected. Results from in silico approaches describe for the first time the potential promissing epigenetic effects of galantamine by regulating HDAC3 and HDAC7 modification.Communicated by Ramaswamy H. Sarma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Willian Orlando Castillo Ordoñez
- Facultad de Ciencias Naturales-Exactas y de la Educación, Departamento de Biología, Universidad del Cauca, Popayán-Cauca, Colombia
- Departamento de Estudios Psicológicos, Universidad Icesi, Cali, Colombia
| | - Andrés F Aristizabal-Pachon
- Departamento de Nutrición y Bioquímica, Facultad de Ciencias, Pontificia Universidad Javeriana, Bogotá, Colombia
| | - Levy Bueno Alves
- Department of Genetics, Ribeirão Preto Medical School, University of São Paulo-USP, Brazil
| | - Silvana Giuliatti
- Department of Genetics, Ribeirão Preto Medical School, University of São Paulo-USP, Brazil
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3
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Gugliandolo A, Blando S, Salamone S, Caprioglio D, Pollastro F, Mazzon E, Chiricosta L. Δ8-THC Protects against Amyloid Beta Toxicity Modulating ER Stress In Vitro: A Transcriptomic Analysis. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24076598. [PMID: 37047608 PMCID: PMC10095455 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24076598] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2023] [Revised: 03/13/2023] [Accepted: 03/31/2023] [Indexed: 04/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Alzheimer’s disease (AD) represents the most common form of dementia, characterized by amyloid β (Aβ) plaques and neurofibrillary tangles (NFTs). It is characterized by neuroinflammation, the accumulation of misfolded protein, ER stress and neuronal apoptosis. It is of main importance to find new therapeutic strategies because AD prevalence is increasing worldwide. Cannabinoids are arising as promising neuroprotective phytocompounds. In this study, we evaluated the neuroprotective potential of Δ8-THC pretreatment in an in vitro model of AD through transcriptomic analysis. We found that Δ8-THC pretreatment restored the loss of cell viability in retinoic acid-differentiated neuroblastoma SH-SY5Y cells treated with Aβ1-42. Moreover, the transcriptomic analysis provided evidence that the enriched biological processes of gene ontology were related to ER functions and proteostasis. In particular, Aβ1-42 upregulated genes involved in ER stress and unfolded protein response, leading to apoptosis as demonstrated by the increase in Bax and the decrease in Bcl-2 both at gene and protein expression levels. Moreover, genes involved in protein folding and degradation were also deregulated. On the contrary, Δ8-THC pretreatment reduced ER stress and, as a consequence, neuronal apoptosis. Then, the results demonstrated that Δ8-THC might represent a new neuroprotective agent in AD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Agnese Gugliandolo
- IRCCS Centro Neurolesi “Bonino-Pulejo”, Via Provinciale Palermo, Contrada Casazza, 98124 Messina, Italy
| | - Santino Blando
- IRCCS Centro Neurolesi “Bonino-Pulejo”, Via Provinciale Palermo, Contrada Casazza, 98124 Messina, Italy
| | - Stefano Salamone
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Eastern Piedmont, Largo Donegani 2, 28100 Novara, Italy
- PlantaChem Srls, Via Amico Canobio 4/6, 28100 Novara, Italy
| | - Diego Caprioglio
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Eastern Piedmont, Largo Donegani 2, 28100 Novara, Italy
- PlantaChem Srls, Via Amico Canobio 4/6, 28100 Novara, Italy
| | - Federica Pollastro
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Eastern Piedmont, Largo Donegani 2, 28100 Novara, Italy
- PlantaChem Srls, Via Amico Canobio 4/6, 28100 Novara, Italy
| | - Emanuela Mazzon
- IRCCS Centro Neurolesi “Bonino-Pulejo”, Via Provinciale Palermo, Contrada Casazza, 98124 Messina, Italy
| | - Luigi Chiricosta
- IRCCS Centro Neurolesi “Bonino-Pulejo”, Via Provinciale Palermo, Contrada Casazza, 98124 Messina, Italy
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Kola A, Lamponi S, Currò F, Valensin D. A Comparative Study between Lycorine and Galantamine Abilities to Interact with AMYLOID β and Reduce In Vitro Neurotoxicity. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24032500. [PMID: 36768823 PMCID: PMC9916559 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24032500] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2022] [Revised: 01/22/2023] [Accepted: 01/23/2023] [Indexed: 01/31/2023] Open
Abstract
Galantamine is a natural alkaloid extracted from the Amaryllidaceae plants and is used as the active ingredient of a drug approved for the treatment of the early stages of Alzheimer's disease. It mainly acts as an acetylcholinesterase (AChE) inhibitor, increasing concentrations of the acetylcholine neurotransmitter. Recent cellular studies have also shown the ability of galantamine to protect SH-SY5Y cell lines against amyloid-β (Aβ)-induced toxicity. Such investigations have supported and validated further in-depth studies for understanding the chemical and molecular features associated with galantamine-protective abilities. In addition to galantamine, other natural alkaloids are known to possess AChE inhibitory activity; among them lycorine has been extensively investigated for its antibacterial, anti-inflammatory and antitumoral activities as well. Despite its interesting biological properties, lycorine's neuroprotective functions against Aβ-induced damages have not been explored so far. In this research study, the ability of galantamine and lycorine to suppress Aβ-induced in vitro neuronal toxicity was evaluated by investigating the chemical interactions of the two alkaloids with Aβ peptide. A multi-technique spectroscopic analysis and cellular cytotoxicity assays were applied to obtain new insights on these molecular associations. The comparison between the behaviors exhibited by the two alkaloids indicates that both compounds possess analogue abilities to interact with the amyloidogenic peptide and protect cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arian Kola
- Department of Biotechnology, Chemistry and Pharmacy, University of Siena, Via Aldo Moro 2, 53100 Siena, Italy
| | - Stefania Lamponi
- Department of Biotechnology, Chemistry and Pharmacy, University of Siena, Via Aldo Moro 2, 53100 Siena, Italy
| | - Francesco Currò
- Department of Biotechnology, Chemistry and Pharmacy, University of Siena, Via Aldo Moro 2, 53100 Siena, Italy
| | - Daniela Valensin
- Department of Biotechnology, Chemistry and Pharmacy, University of Siena, Via Aldo Moro 2, 53100 Siena, Italy
- CIRMMP, Via Luigi Sacconi 6, 50019 Firenze, Italy
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +39-0577-232428
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5
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González-Naranjo P, Pérez C, González-Sánchez M, Gironda-Martínez A, Ulzurrun E, Bartolomé F, Rubio-Fernández M, Martin-Requero A, Campillo NE, Páez JA. Multitarget drugs as potential therapeutic agents for alzheimer's disease. A new family of 5-substituted indazole derivatives as cholinergic and BACE1 inhibitors. J Enzyme Inhib Med Chem 2022; 37:2348-2356. [PMID: 36050834 PMCID: PMC9477487 DOI: 10.1080/14756366.2022.2117315] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Multitarget drugs are a promising therapeutic approach against Alzheimer’s disease. In this work, a new family of 5-substituted indazole derivatives with a multitarget profile including cholinesterase and BACE1 inhibition is described. Thus, the synthesis and evaluation of a new class of 5-substituted indazoles has been performed. Pharmacological evaluation includes in vitro inhibitory assays on AChE/BuChE and BACE1 enzymes. Also, the corresponding competition studies on BuChE were carried out. Additionally, antioxidant properties have been calculated from ORAC assays. Furthermore, studies of anti-inflammatory properties on Raw 264.7 cells and neuroprotective effects in human neuroblastoma SH-SY5Y cells have been performed. The results of pharmacological tests have shown that some of these 5-substituted indazole derivatives 1–4 and 6 behave as AChE/BuChE and BACE1 inhibitors, simultaneously. In addition, some indazole derivatives showed anti-inflammatory (3, 6) and neuroprotective (1–4 and 6) effects against Aβ-induced cell death in human neuroblastoma SH-SY5Y cells with antioxidant properties.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Eugenia Ulzurrun
- Centro de Investigaciones Biológicas Margarita Salas (CSIC), Madrid, Spain.,Centro Nacional de Biotecnología (CSIC), Madrid, Spain
| | - Fernando Bartolomé
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Neurodegenerativas (CIBERNED), Madrid, Spain.,Instituto de Investigación Hospital Doce de Octubre, Madrid, Spain
| | - Marcos Rubio-Fernández
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Neurodegenerativas (CIBERNED), Madrid, Spain
| | - Angeles Martin-Requero
- Centro de Investigaciones Biológicas Margarita Salas (CSIC), Madrid, Spain.,Instituto de Investigación Hospital Doce de Octubre, Madrid, Spain
| | - Nuria E Campillo
- Centro de Investigaciones Biológicas Margarita Salas (CSIC), Madrid, Spain.,Instituto de Ciencias Matemáticas (CSIC), Madrid, Spain
| | - Juan A Páez
- Instituto de Química Médica (CSIC), Madrid, Spain
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6
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Moreira NCDS, Lima JEBDF, Fiori Marchiori M, Carvalho I, Sakamoto-Hojo ET. Neuroprotective Effects of Cholinesterase Inhibitors: Current Scenario in Therapies for Alzheimer’s Disease and Future Perspectives. J Alzheimers Dis Rep 2022; 6:177-193. [PMID: 35591949 PMCID: PMC9108627 DOI: 10.3233/adr-210061] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2021] [Accepted: 03/16/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Alzheimer’s disease (AD) is a slowly progressive neurodegenerative disease conceptualized as a continuous process, ranging from mild cognitive impairment (MCI), to the mild, moderate, and severe clinical stages of AD dementia. AD is considered a complex multifactorial disease. Currently, the use of cholinesterase inhibitors (ChEI), such as tacrine, donepezil, rivastigmine, and galantamine, has been the main treatment for AD patients. Interestingly, there is evidence that ChEI also promotes neuroprotective effects, bringing some benefits to AD patients. The mechanisms by which the ChEI act have been investigated in AD. ChEI can modulate the PI3K/AKT pathway, which is an important signaling cascade that is capable of causing a significant functional impact on neurons by activating cell survival pathways to promote neuroprotective effects. However, there is still a huge challenge in the field of neuroprotection, but in the context of unravelling the details of the PI3K/AKT pathway, a new scenario has emerged for the development of more efficient drugs that act on multiple protein targets. Thus, the mechanisms by which ChEI can promote neuroprotective effects and prospects for the development of new drug candidates for the treatment of AD are discussed in this review.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Marcelo Fiori Marchiori
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences of Ribeirão Preto, University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, SP, Brazil
| | - Ivone Carvalho
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences of Ribeirão Preto, University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, SP, Brazil
| | - Elza Tiemi Sakamoto-Hojo
- Department of Genetics, Ribeirão Preto Medical School, University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, SP, Brazil
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Philosophy, Sciences and Letters at Ribeirão Preto, University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, SP, Brazil
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7
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Ren X, Zhang J, Zhao Y, Sun L. Senegenin Inhibits Aβ 1-42-Induced PC12 Cells Apoptosis and Oxidative Stress via Activation of the PI3K/Akt Signaling Pathway. Neuropsychiatr Dis Treat 2022; 18:513-524. [PMID: 35280979 PMCID: PMC8904946 DOI: 10.2147/ndt.s346238] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2021] [Accepted: 02/10/2022] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND/AIM Apoptosis and oxidative stress have been considered as key events in the pathogenesis of Alzheimer's disease (AD). Senegenin (Sen), the major and most effective ingredient of Radix Polygalae, which has anti-apoptotic and anti-oxidative effects. The aim of this study was to investigate the anti-apoptotic and anti-oxidant effects of Sen on Aβ1-42-induced PC12 cells apoptosis and oxidative stress as well as its possible signaling pathway. METHODS Rat pheochromocytoma (PC12) cells were treated by 20 μM Aβ1-42 and then divided into 5 different treatment groups (Control; Aβ1-42 20 μM; Aβ1-42 20 μM + Sen 10 μM; Aβ1-42 20 μM + Sen 30 μM; Aβ1-42 20μM + Sen 60 μM). PC12 cells activity was detected by MTT assay. Colony formation assay was performed to assess the clonogenic ability of cells. The cell apoptosis was detected by Annexin-V/PI staining. The pro-apoptotic protein (Bax), anti-apoptotic protein (Bcl-2), anti-oxidative stress factor (HO-1, Nuclear Nrf2, Total Nrf2) and pathway-related protein (Akt, P-Akt, PI3K, P-PI3K) were tested by Western blot. The reactive oxygen species (ROS) level was assessed with a DCFH-DA probe. RESULTS The results indicated that Sen dose-dependently increased cell viability and reduced the number of apoptotic cells. The ratio of P-PI3K/PI3K and P-Akt/Akt increased in a dose-dependent manner under the treatment of Sen, suggesting that Sen might activate the PI3K/Akt signaling pathway. Moreover, Sen upregulates the ratio of Bcl-2/Bax. Further study revealed that Sen can play an antioxidant role in enhancing HO-1, promoting Nrf2 nuclear translocation and reducing ROS accumulation to reduce oxidative stress. CONCLUSION Sen is effective in inhibiting apoptosis and oxidative stress in Aβ1-42-induced PC12 cells, which likely contribute to the development of novel therapies for AD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xing Ren
- College of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, 250014, People's Republic of China
| | - Jiwei Zhang
- College of Acupuncture and Massage, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, 250014, People's Republic of China
| | - Yunnan Zhao
- Editorial Office of Journal of Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, 250014, People's Republic of China
| | - Lingzhi Sun
- Department of Neurology, Affiliated Hospital of Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, 250011, People's Republic of China
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Kocanci FG, Hamamcioglu B, Aslim B. The Relationship Between Neuroprotective Activity and Antigenotoxic and Acetylcholinesterase Inhibitory Effects of Glaucium corniculatum Extracts. BRAZ J PHARM SCI 2022. [DOI: 10.1590/s2175-97902022e19472] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
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Nair JJ, van Staden J. Cytotoxic Agents in the Minor Alkaloid Groups of the Amaryllidaceae. PLANTA MEDICA 2021; 87:916-936. [PMID: 33706400 DOI: 10.1055/a-1380-1888] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Over 600 alkaloids have to date been identified in the plant family Amaryllidaceae. These have been arranged into as many as 15 different groups based on their characteristic structural features. The vast majority of studies on the biological properties of Amaryllidaceae alkaloids have probed their anticancer potential. While most efforts have focused on the major alkaloid groups, the volume and diversity afforded by the minor alkaloid groups have promoted their usefulness as targets for cancer cell line screening purposes. This survey is an in-depth review of such activities described for around 90 representatives from 10 minor alkaloid groups of the Amaryllidaceae. These have been evaluated against over 60 cell lines categorized into 18 different types of cancer. The montanine and cripowellin groups were identified as the most potent, with some in the latter demonstrating low nanomolar level antiproliferative activities. Despite their challenging molecular architectures, the minor alkaloid groups have allowed for facile adjustments to be made to their structures, thereby altering the size, geometry, and electronics of the targets available for structure-activity relationship studies. Nevertheless, it was seen with a regular frequency that the parent alkaloids were better cytotoxic agents than the corresponding semisynthetic derivatives. There has also been significant interest in how the minor alkaloid groups manifest their effects in cancer cells. Among the various targets and pathways in which they were seen to mediate, their ability to induce apoptosis in cancer cells is most appealing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jerald J Nair
- Research Centre for Plant Growth and Development, University of KwaZulu-Natal Pietermaritzburg, Scottsville, South Africa
| | - Johannes van Staden
- Research Centre for Plant Growth and Development, University of KwaZulu-Natal Pietermaritzburg, Scottsville, South Africa
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10
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Effect of Water Extract of Mangosteen Pericarp on Donepezil Pharmacokinetics in Mice. Molecules 2021; 26:molecules26175246. [PMID: 34500680 PMCID: PMC8434012 DOI: 10.3390/molecules26175246] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2021] [Revised: 08/25/2021] [Accepted: 08/26/2021] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
The pharmacokinetic (PK) change in a drug by co-administered herbal products can alter the efficacy and toxicity. In the circumstances that herb-drug combinations have been increasingly attempted to alleviate Alzheimer's disease (AD), the PK evaluation of herb-drug interaction (HDI) is necessary. The change in systemic exposure as well as target tissue distribution of the drug have been issued in HDIs. Recently, the memory-enhancing effects of water extract of mangosteen pericarp (WMP) has been reported, suggesting a potential for the combination of WMP and donepezil (DNP) for AD treatment. Thus, it was evaluated how WMP affects the PK change of donepezil, including systemic exposure and tissue distribution in mice after simultaneous oral administration of DNP with WMP. Firstly, co-treatment of WMP and donepezil showed a stronger inhibitory effect (by 23.0%) on the neurotoxicity induced by Aβ(25-35) in SH-SY5Y neuroblastoma cells than donepezil alone, suggesting that the combination of WMP and donepezil may be more effective in moderating neurotoxicity than donepezil alone. In PK interaction, WMP increased donepezil concentration in the brain at 4 h (by 63.6%) after administration without affecting systemic exposure of donepezil. Taken together, our results suggest that WMP might be used in combination with DNP as a therapy for AD.
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Lazarev VF, Tsolaki M, Mikhaylova ER, Benken KA, Shevtsov MA, Nikotina AD, Lechpammer M, Mitkevich VA, Makarov AA, Moskalev AA, Kozin SA, Margulis BA, Guzhova IV, Nudler E. Extracellular GAPDH Promotes Alzheimer Disease Progression by Enhancing Amyloid-β Aggregation and Cytotoxicity. Aging Dis 2021; 12:1223-1237. [PMID: 34341704 PMCID: PMC8279520 DOI: 10.14336/ad.2020.1230] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2020] [Accepted: 12/30/2020] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Neuronal cell death at late stages of Alzheimer's disease (AD) causes the release of cytosolic proteins. One of the most abundant such proteins, glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase (GAPDH), forms stable aggregates with extracellular amyloid-β (Aβ). We detect these aggregates in cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) from AD patients at levels directly proportional to the progressive stages of AD. We found that GAPDH forms a covalent bond with Q15 of Aβ that is mediated by transglutaminase (tTG). The Q15A substitution weakens the interaction between Aβ and GAPDH and reduces Aβ-GAPDH cytotoxicity. Lentivirus-driven GAPDH overexpression in two AD animal models increased the level of apoptosis of hippocampal cells, neural degeneration, and cognitive dysfunction. In contrast, in vivo knockdown of GAPDH reversed these pathogenic abnormalities suggesting a pivotal role of GAPDH in Aβ-stimulated neurodegeneration. CSF from animals with enhanced GAPDH expression demonstrates increased cytotoxicity in vitro. Furthermore, RX-624, a specific GAPDH small molecular ligand reduced accumulation of Aβ aggregates and reversed memory deficit in AD transgenic mice. These findings argue that extracellular GAPDH compromises Aβ clearance and accelerates neurodegeneration, and, thus, is a promising pharmacological target for AD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vladimir F Lazarev
- Institute of Cytology of the Russian Academy of Sciences (RAS), Petersburg, Russia.
- Engelhardt Institute of Molecular Biology, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russia.
| | - Magda Tsolaki
- 1 University Department of Neurology, AHEPA hospital Aristotle University of Thessaloniki and Greek Alzheimer Association, Thessaloniki, Greece.
| | - Elena R Mikhaylova
- Institute of Cytology of the Russian Academy of Sciences (RAS), Petersburg, Russia.
| | | | - Maxim A Shevtsov
- Institute of Cytology of the Russian Academy of Sciences (RAS), Petersburg, Russia.
- Klinikum rechts der Isar, Technische Universität München, Munich, Germany.
| | - Alina D Nikotina
- Institute of Cytology of the Russian Academy of Sciences (RAS), Petersburg, Russia.
| | - Mirna Lechpammer
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Pharmacology, New York University School of Medicine, New York, NY, USA.
| | - Vladimir A Mitkevich
- Engelhardt Institute of Molecular Biology, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russia.
| | - Alexander A Makarov
- Engelhardt Institute of Molecular Biology, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russia.
| | - Alexey A Moskalev
- Engelhardt Institute of Molecular Biology, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russia.
- Institute of Biology of Komi Scientific Centre of The Ural Branch of The Russian Academy of Sciences, Kommunisticheskaya, Russia.
| | - Sergey A Kozin
- Engelhardt Institute of Molecular Biology, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russia.
| | - Boris A Margulis
- Institute of Cytology of the Russian Academy of Sciences (RAS), Petersburg, Russia.
| | - Irina V Guzhova
- Institute of Cytology of the Russian Academy of Sciences (RAS), Petersburg, Russia.
| | - Evgeny Nudler
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Pharmacology, New York University School of Medicine, New York, NY, USA.
- Howard Hughes Medical Institute, New York University School of Medicine, New York, NY, USA.
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12
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The Moringin/α-CD Pretreatment Induces Neuroprotection in an In Vitro Model of Alzheimer's Disease: A Transcriptomic Study. Curr Issues Mol Biol 2021; 43:197-214. [PMID: 34073287 PMCID: PMC8929117 DOI: 10.3390/cimb43010017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2021] [Revised: 05/19/2021] [Accepted: 05/24/2021] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Alzheimer’s disease (AD) is a progressive neurodegenerative disorder and represents the most common form of senile dementia. Autophagy and mitophagy are cellular processes that play a key role in the aggregation of β-amyloid (Aβ) and tau phosphorylation. As a consequence, impairment of these processes leads to the progression of AD. Thus, interest is growing in the search for new natural compounds, such as Moringin (MOR), with neuroprotective, anti-amyloidogenic, antioxidative, and anti-inflammatory properties that could be used for AD prevention. However, MOR appears to be poorly soluble and stable in water. To increase its solubility MOR was conjugated with α-cyclodextrin (MOR/α-CD). In this work, it was evaluated if MOR/α-CD pretreatment was able to exert neuroprotective effects in an AD in vitro model through the evaluation of the transcriptional profile by next-generation sequencing (NGS). To induce the AD model, retinoic acid-differentiated SH-SY5Y cells were exposed to Aβ1-42. The MOR/α-CD pretreatment reduced the expression of the genes which encode proteins involved in senescence, autophagy, and mitophagy processes. Additionally, MOR/α-CD was able to induce neuronal remodeling modulating the axon guidance, principally downregulating the Slit/Robo signaling pathway. Noteworthy, MOR/α-CD, modulating these important pathways, may induce neuronal protection against Aβ1-42 toxicity as demonstrated also by the reduction of cleaved caspase 3. These data indicated that MOR/α-CD could attenuate the progression of the disease and promote neuronal repair.
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El-Ganainy SO, Gowayed MA, Agami M, Mohamed P, Belal M, Farid RM, Hanafy AS. Galantamine nanoparticles outperform oral galantamine in an Alzheimer's rat model: pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics. NANOMEDICINE (LONDON, ENGLAND) 2021; 16:1281-1296. [PMID: 34013783 DOI: 10.2217/nnm-2021-0051] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Aim: Galantamine is an acetylcholinesterase inhibitor frequently used in Alzheimer's disease management. Its cholinergic adverse effects and rapid elimination limit its therapeutic outcomes. We investigated the pharmacodynamics and pharmacokinetics of 2-week intranasal galantamine-bound chitosan nanoparticles (G-NP) treatment in scopolamine-induced Alzheimer's disease rat model. Materials & methods: Behavioral, neurobiochemical and histopathological changes were assessed and compared with oral and nasal solutions. Brain uptake and pharmacokinetics were determined using a novel validated LC/MS assay. Results: G-NP enhanced spatial memory, exploring behavior and cholinergic transmission in rats. Beta-amyloid deposition and Notch signaling were suppressed and the histopathological degeneration was restored. G-NP potentiated galantamine brain delivery and delayed its elimination. Conclusion: G-NP hold promising therapeutic potentials and brain targeting, outperforming conventional galantamine therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Samar O El-Ganainy
- Department of Pharmacology & Therapeutics, Faculty of Pharmacy, Pharos University in Alexandria, Alexandria, 21500, Egypt
| | - Mennatallah A Gowayed
- Department of Pharmacology & Therapeutics, Faculty of Pharmacy, Pharos University in Alexandria, Alexandria, 21500, Egypt
| | - Mahmoud Agami
- Department of Pharmaceutical Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Alexandria University, Alexandria, 21500, Egypt
| | - Passant Mohamed
- Department of Pharmaceutics & Pharmaceutical Technology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Pharos University in Alexandria, Alexandria, 21500, Egypt
| | - Marwa Belal
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Faculty of Pharmacy, Damanhour University, Beheira, 22511, Egypt
| | - Ragwa M Farid
- Department of Pharmaceutics & Pharmaceutical Technology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Pharos University in Alexandria, Alexandria, 21500, Egypt
| | - Amira S Hanafy
- Department of Pharmaceutics & Pharmaceutical Technology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Pharos University in Alexandria, Alexandria, 21500, Egypt
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Yang Q, Wang Y, Yang J, Wu Y, Li LQ, Chen FJ, Wang EH, Li LL, Yang Y, Yan YF, Wang L, Ge LJ, Yang LS, Yang XS. Activation of phenolic oxygen atom using polyphosphoric acid: Synthesis of carbonyl-containing dihydrobenzofurans/dihydrobenzopyrans. SYNTHETIC COMMUN 2021. [DOI: 10.1080/00397911.2021.1902537] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Qian Yang
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guizhou University, Guiyang, PR China
| | - Yu Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Functions and Applications of Medicinal Plants, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, PR China
- The Key Laboratory of Chemistry for Natural Products of Guizhou Province and Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guiyang, PR China
| | - Juan Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Functions and Applications of Medicinal Plants, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, PR China
- The Key Laboratory of Chemistry for Natural Products of Guizhou Province and Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guiyang, PR China
| | - Yi Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Functions and Applications of Medicinal Plants, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, PR China
- The Key Laboratory of Chemistry for Natural Products of Guizhou Province and Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guiyang, PR China
| | - Liang-qun Li
- State Key Laboratory of Functions and Applications of Medicinal Plants, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, PR China
- The Key Laboratory of Chemistry for Natural Products of Guizhou Province and Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guiyang, PR China
| | - Fa-ju Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Functions and Applications of Medicinal Plants, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, PR China
- The Key Laboratory of Chemistry for Natural Products of Guizhou Province and Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guiyang, PR China
| | - En-hua Wang
- Department of Medicine and Food, Guizhou Vocational College of Agriculture, Guiyang, PR China
| | - Li-lang Li
- State Key Laboratory of Functions and Applications of Medicinal Plants, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, PR China
- The Key Laboratory of Chemistry for Natural Products of Guizhou Province and Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guiyang, PR China
| | - Yan Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Functions and Applications of Medicinal Plants, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, PR China
- The Key Laboratory of Chemistry for Natural Products of Guizhou Province and Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guiyang, PR China
| | - Yan-fang Yan
- State Key Laboratory of Functions and Applications of Medicinal Plants, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, PR China
- The Key Laboratory of Chemistry for Natural Products of Guizhou Province and Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guiyang, PR China
| | - Li Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Functions and Applications of Medicinal Plants, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, PR China
- The Key Laboratory of Chemistry for Natural Products of Guizhou Province and Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guiyang, PR China
| | - Li-juan Ge
- State Key Laboratory of Functions and Applications of Medicinal Plants, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, PR China
- The Key Laboratory of Chemistry for Natural Products of Guizhou Province and Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guiyang, PR China
| | - Li-shou Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Functions and Applications of Medicinal Plants, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, PR China
- The Key Laboratory of Chemistry for Natural Products of Guizhou Province and Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guiyang, PR China
| | - Xiao-sheng Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Functions and Applications of Medicinal Plants, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, PR China
- The Key Laboratory of Chemistry for Natural Products of Guizhou Province and Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guiyang, PR China
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Zane D, Feldman PL, Sawyer T, Sobol Z, Hawes J. Development and Regulatory Challenges for Peptide Therapeutics. Int J Toxicol 2020; 40:108-124. [PMID: 33327828 DOI: 10.1177/1091581820977846] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
There has been an increased interest in and activity for the use of peptide therapeutics to treat a variety of human diseases. The number of peptide drugs entering clinical development and the market has increased significantly over the past decade despite inherent challenges of peptide therapeutic discovery, development, and patient-friendly delivery. Disparities in interpretation and application of existing regulatory guidances to innovative synthetic and conjugated peptide assets have resulted in challenges for both regulators and sponsors. The Symposium on Development and Regulatory Challenges for Peptide Therapeutics at the 40th Annual Meeting of the American College of Toxicology held in November of 2019 focused on the following specific topics: (1) peptide therapeutic progress and future directions, and approaches to discover, optimize, assess, and deliver combination peptide therapeutics for treatment of diseases; (2) toxicological considerations to advance peptide drug-device combination products for efficient development and optimal patient benefit and adherence; (3) industry and regulatory perspectives on the regulation of synthetic and conjugated peptide products, including exploration of regulatory classifications, interpretations, and application of the existing guidances International Council for Harmonisation (ICH) M3(R2) and ICH S6(R1) in determining nonclinical study recommendations; and (4) presentation of the 2016 Health and Environmental Sciences Institute's Genetic Toxicology Technical Committee working group assessment of genotoxicity testing requirements. Perspectives were shared from industry and regulatory scientists working in the peptide therapeutics field followed by an open forum panel discussion to discuss questions drafted for the peptide therapeutics scientific community, which will be discussed in more detail.
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Affiliation(s)
- Doris Zane
- 435529Intarcia Therapeutics, Inc., Hayward, CA, USA
| | - Paul L Feldman
- 435529Intarcia Therapeutics, Inc., Research Triangle Park, NC, USA
| | | | - Zhanna Sobol
- Pfizer Inc., Worldwide Research and Development, Groton, CT, USA
| | - Jessica Hawes
- 4137Food and Drug Administration (FDA), Center for Drug Evaluation and Research (CDER), Silver Spring, MD, USA.,Hawes is now with Food and Drug Administration (FDA), National Center for Toxicological Research (NCTR), Jefferson, AR, USA
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16
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Gasca CA, Moreira NCS, de Almeida FC, Dutra Gomes JV, Castillo WO, Fagg CW, Magalhães PO, Fonseca-Bazzo YM, Sakamoto-Hojo E, de Medeiros YK, de Souza Borges W, Silveira D. Acetylcholinesterase inhibitory activity, anti-inflammatory, and neuroprotective potential of Hippeastrum psittacinum (Ker Gawl.) herb (Amaryllidaceae). Food Chem Toxicol 2020; 145:111703. [PMID: 32858133 DOI: 10.1016/j.fct.2020.111703] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2020] [Revised: 08/14/2020] [Accepted: 08/20/2020] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Hippeastrum psittacinum, Amaryllidaceae, is used in traditional medicine as a purgative, aphrodisiac, and anticough remedy. The ethanol extract (EE) and alkaloid-rich fractions (ARF) from H. psittacinum bulbs were evaluated for their acetylcholinesterase (AChE) inhibition. The EE cytotoxic and anti-inflammatory effects in RAW 264.7 cells, and the neuroprotective and genotoxic activities in SH-SY5Y cells, were also estimated. Fifteen alkaloids were identified in the EE by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry. ARFs were less active for AChE inhibition than EE. The viability of both cell lines was higher than 70% with EE concentrations below 25 μg/mL. The EE decreased nitrite release in RAW cells stimulated with lipopolysaccharide, showing values of 83, 67, and 53% at 6.25, 12.5, and 25 μg/mL, respectively. Furthermore, the EE partially protected SH-SY5Y cells from hydrogen peroxide-mediated deleterious effects by approximately 50% at the same concentrations. The micronucleus assays showed that the extract caused chromosomal missegregation at concentrations above 12.5 μg/mL. The in silico analyses showed that some alkaloids presented properties of permeation of the blood-brain barrier and the intestine. Our findings present new evidence of the potential of H. psittacinum potential as an AChE inhibitor, as well as an anti-inflammatory and neuroprotective agent.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cristian A Gasca
- Health Sciences Faculty, University of Brasilia - Campus Darcy Ribeiro, CEP 70910-900, Brasília, DF, Brazil.
| | - Natalia C S Moreira
- Department of Genetics, Ribeirão Preto Medical School, University of São Paulo, CEP: 14049-900, Ribeirão, Preto, Brazil
| | - Fernanda C de Almeida
- School of Medicine, University of Brasilia - Campus Darcy Ribeiro, CEP 70910-900, Brasília, DF, Brazil
| | - João V Dutra Gomes
- Health Sciences Faculty, University of Brasilia - Campus Darcy Ribeiro, CEP 70910-900, Brasília, DF, Brazil
| | - Willian O Castillo
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Natural Sciences and Education, University of Cauca, Cra 2 No 2N-57, Popayán, 19003, Colombia
| | - Christopher W Fagg
- Faculty of Ceilândia, University of Brasilia, CEP 70919-970, Brasília, DF, Brazil
| | - Pérola O Magalhães
- Health Sciences Faculty, University of Brasilia - Campus Darcy Ribeiro, CEP 70910-900, Brasília, DF, Brazil
| | - Yris M Fonseca-Bazzo
- Health Sciences Faculty, University of Brasilia - Campus Darcy Ribeiro, CEP 70910-900, Brasília, DF, Brazil
| | - Elza Sakamoto-Hojo
- Department of Genetics, Ribeirão Preto Medical School, University of São Paulo, CEP: 14049-900, Ribeirão, Preto, Brazil; Department of Biology, Faculty of Philosophy Sciences and Letters at Ribeirão Preto, University of São Paulo; CEP 14040-901 Ribeirão Preto, SP, Brazil
| | - Yanna K de Medeiros
- School of Medicine, University of Brasilia - Campus Darcy Ribeiro, CEP 70910-900, Brasília, DF, Brazil
| | - Warley de Souza Borges
- Department of Chemistry, Federal University of Espírito Santo, CEP 29075-910, Vitória, ES, Brazil
| | - Dâmaris Silveira
- Health Sciences Faculty, University of Brasilia - Campus Darcy Ribeiro, CEP 70910-900, Brasília, DF, Brazil
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17
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Genistein and Galantamine Combinations Decrease β-Amyloid Peptide (1-42)-Induced Genotoxicity and Cell Death in SH-SY5Y Cell Line: an In Vitro and In Silico Approach for Mimic of Alzheimer's Disease. Neurotox Res 2020; 38:691-706. [PMID: 32613603 DOI: 10.1007/s12640-020-00243-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2020] [Revised: 06/09/2020] [Accepted: 06/12/2020] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
Alzheimer's disease (AD) is the primary dementia-causing disease worldwide, involving a multifactorial combination of environmental, genetic, and epigenetic factors, with essential participation of age and sex. Biochemically, AD is characterized by the presence of abnormal deposition of beta amyloid peptide (Aβ(1-42)), which in the brain is strongly correlated with oxidative stress, inflammation, DNA damage, and cholinergic impairment. The multiple mechanisms involved in its etiology create significant difficulty in producing an effective treatment. Neuroprotective properties of genistein and galantamine have been widely demonstrated through different mechanisms; however, it is unknown a possible synergistic neuroprotective effect against Aβ(1-42). In order to understand how genistein and galantamine combinations regulate the mechanisms of neuroprotection, we conducted a set of bioassays in vitro to evaluate cell viability, clonogenic survival, cell death, and anti-genotoxicity. Through molecular docking and therapeutic viability assays, we analyzed the inhibitory activity exerted by genistein on three major protein targets (AChE, BChE, and NMDA) involved in AD. The results showed that genistein and galantamine afforded significant protection at higher concentrations; however, combinations of sub-effective concentrations of both compounds provided marked neuroprotection when they were combined. In silico approaches showed that genistein has higher scores than the positive controls and low toxicity levels; nevertheless, the therapeutic viability indicated that unlike galantamine, genistein cannot undergo the action by P glycoprotein (PGP) and probably may be unable to cross the blood-brain barrier. In conclusion, our results show that genistein and galantamine exert neuroprotective by decreasing genotoxicity and cell death. In silico analysis, suggest that genistein modulates positively the expression of AChE, BChE, and NMDA. In this context, a combination of two or more drugs could inspire an attractive therapeutic strategy.
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Thadathil N, Hori R, Xiao J, Khan MM. DNA double-strand breaks: a potential therapeutic target for neurodegenerative diseases. Chromosome Res 2019; 27:345-364. [PMID: 31707536 PMCID: PMC7934912 DOI: 10.1007/s10577-019-09617-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2019] [Revised: 09/08/2019] [Accepted: 09/16/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
The complexity of neurodegeneration restricts the ability to understand and treat the neurological disorders affecting millions of people worldwide. Therefore, there is an unmet need to develop new and more effective therapeutic strategies to combat these devastating conditions and that will only be achieved with a better understanding of the biological mechanism associated with disease conditions. Recent studies highlight the role of DNA damage, particularly, DNA double-strand breaks (DSBs), in the progression of neuronal loss in a broad spectrum of human neurodegenerative diseases. This is not unexpected because neurons are prone to DNA damage due to their non-proliferative nature and high metabolic activity. However, it is not clear if DSBs is a primary driver of neuronal loss in disease conditions or simply occurs concomitant with disease progression. Here, we provide evidence that supports a critical role of DSBs in the pathogenesis of the neurodegenerative diseases. Among different kinds of DNA damages, DSBs are the most harmful and perilous type of DNA damage and can lead to cell death if left unrepaired or repaired with error. In this review, we explore the current state of knowledge regarding the role of DSBs repair mechanisms in preserving neuronal function and survival and describe how DSBs could drive the molecular mechanisms resulting in neuronal death in neurodegenerative diseases such as Alzheimer's disease, Parkinson's disease, and amyotrophic lateral sclerosis. We also discuss the potential implications of DSBs as a novel therapeutic target and prognostic marker in patients with neurodegenerative conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nidheesh Thadathil
- Department of Neurology, College of Medicine, University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, TN, 38163, USA
| | - Roderick Hori
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Biochemistry, University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, TN, USA
| | - Jianfeng Xiao
- Department of Neurology, College of Medicine, University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, TN, 38163, USA
| | - Mohammad Moshahid Khan
- Department of Neurology, College of Medicine, University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, TN, 38163, USA.
- Division of Rehabilitation Sciences and Department of Physical Therapy, College of Health Professions, University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, TN, USA.
- Department of Neurology, University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, TN, 38163, USA.
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Sperling LE, Pires Reis K, Nicola F, Euzebio Teixeira C, Gulielmin Didó G, Garrido dos Santos M, Konrath E, Netto CA, Pranke P. Galantamine improves functional recovery and reduces lesion size in a rat model of spinal cord injury. Brain Res 2019; 1724:146424. [DOI: 10.1016/j.brainres.2019.146424] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2019] [Revised: 08/26/2019] [Accepted: 08/27/2019] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
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20
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Gugliandolo A, Chiricosta L, Silvestro S, Bramanti P, Mazzon E. α-Tocopherol Modulates Non-Amyloidogenic Pathway and Autophagy in an In Vitro Model of Alzheimer's Disease: A Transcriptional Study. Brain Sci 2019; 9:E196. [PMID: 31405115 PMCID: PMC6721308 DOI: 10.3390/brainsci9080196] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2019] [Revised: 08/06/2019] [Accepted: 08/08/2019] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Alzheimer's disease (AD) is the most common form of dementia worldwide. The hallmarks of AD are the extracellular amyloid plaques, which are formed by amyloid β (Aβ) aggregates derived from the processing of the amyloid precursor protein (APP), and the intraneuronal neurofibrillary tangles, which are formed by the hyperphosphorylated tau protein. The aim of this work was to study the effects of α-tocopherol in retinoic acid differentiated SH-SY5Y neuroblastoma cells exposed to Aβ1-42 evaluating the transcriptional profile by next-generation sequencing. We observed that α-tocopherol was able to reduce the cytotoxicity induced by Aβ treatment, as demonstrated by Thiazolyl Blue Tetrazolium Bromide (MTT) assay. Moreover, the transcriptomic analysis evidenced that α-tocopherol treatment upregulated genes involved in the non-amyloidogenic processing of APP, while it downregulated the amyloidogenic pathway. Moreover, α-tocopherol modulated the expression of the genes involved in autophagy and the cell cycle, which are both known to be altered in AD. The treatment with α-tocopherol was also able to reduce oxidative stress, restoring nuclear factor erythroid-derived 2-like 2 (Nrf2) and decreasing inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) levels, as demonstrated by immunocytochemistry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Agnese Gugliandolo
- IRCCS Centro Neurolesi "Bonino-Pulejo", Via Provinciale Palermo, Contrada Casazza, 98124 Messina, Italy
| | - Luigi Chiricosta
- IRCCS Centro Neurolesi "Bonino-Pulejo", Via Provinciale Palermo, Contrada Casazza, 98124 Messina, Italy
| | - Serena Silvestro
- IRCCS Centro Neurolesi "Bonino-Pulejo", Via Provinciale Palermo, Contrada Casazza, 98124 Messina, Italy
| | - Placido Bramanti
- IRCCS Centro Neurolesi "Bonino-Pulejo", Via Provinciale Palermo, Contrada Casazza, 98124 Messina, Italy
| | - Emanuela Mazzon
- IRCCS Centro Neurolesi "Bonino-Pulejo", Via Provinciale Palermo, Contrada Casazza, 98124 Messina, Italy.
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Sereia AL, de Oliveira MT, Baranoski A, Marques LLM, Ribeiro FM, Isolani RG, de Medeiros DC, Chierrito D, Lazarin-Bidóia D, Zielinski AAF, Novello CR, Nakamura CV, Mantovani MS, de Mello JCP. In vitro evaluation of the protective effects of plant extracts against amyloid-beta peptide-induced toxicity in human neuroblastoma SH-SY5Y cells. PLoS One 2019; 14:e0212089. [PMID: 30763379 PMCID: PMC6375598 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0212089] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2018] [Accepted: 01/28/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Alzheimer's disease (AD) is the most common form of dementia and has no cure. Therapeutic strategies focusing on the reduction of oxidative stress, modulation of amyloid-beta (Aβ) toxicity and inhibition of tau protein hyperphosphorylation are warranted to avoid the development and progression of AD. The aim of this study was to screen the crude extracts (CEs) and ethyl-acetate fractions (EAFs) of Guazuma ulmifolia, Limonium brasiliense, Paullinia cupana, Poincianella pluviosa, Stryphnodendron adstringens and Trichilia catigua using preliminary in vitro bioassays (acetylcholinesterase inhibition, antioxidant activity and total polyphenol content) to select extracts/fractions and assess their protective effects against Aβ25-35 toxicity in SH-SY5Y cells. The effect of the EAF of S. adstringens on mitochondrial membrane potential, lipid peroxidation, superoxide production and mRNA expression of 10 genes related to AD was also evaluated and the electropherogram fingerprints of EAFs were established by capillary electrophoresis. Chemometric tools were used to correlate the in vitro activities of the samples with their potential to be evaluated against AD and to divide extracts/fractions into four clusters. Pretreatment with the EAFs grouped in cluster 1 (S. adstringens, P. pluviosa and L. brasiliense) protected SH-SY5Y cells from Aβ25-35-induced toxicity. The EAF of S. adstringens at 15.62 μg/mL was able completely to inhibit the mitochondrial depolarization (69%), superoxide production (49%) and Aβ25-35-induced lipid peroxidation (35%). With respect to mRNA expression, the EAF of S. adstringens also prevented the MAPT mRNA overexpression (expression ratio of 2.387x) induced by Aβ25-35, which may be related to tau protein hyperphosphorylation. This is the first time that the neuroprotective effects of these fractions have been demonstrated and that the electropherogram fingerprints for the EAFs of G. ulmifolia, L. brasiliense, P. cupana, P. pluviosa and S. adstringens have been established. The study expands knowledge of the in vitro protective effects and quality control of the evaluated fractions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ana Luiza Sereia
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Farmacêuticas, Department of Pharmacy, Universidade Estadual de Maringá, Maringá, Paraná, Brazil
| | - Marcelo Tempesta de Oliveira
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Farmacêuticas, Department of Pharmacy, Universidade Estadual de Maringá, Maringá, Paraná, Brazil
| | - Adrivanio Baranoski
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Genética e Biologia Molecular, Department of General Biology, Universidade Estadual de Londrina, Londrina, Paraná, Brazil
| | - Leila Larisa Medeiros Marques
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Farmacêuticas, Department of Pharmacy, Universidade Estadual de Maringá, Maringá, Paraná, Brazil
| | - Fabianne Martins Ribeiro
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Farmacêuticas, Department of Pharmacy, Universidade Estadual de Maringá, Maringá, Paraná, Brazil
| | - Raquel Garcia Isolani
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Farmacêuticas, Department of Pharmacy, Universidade Estadual de Maringá, Maringá, Paraná, Brazil
| | - Daniela Cristina de Medeiros
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Farmacêuticas, Department of Pharmacy, Universidade Estadual de Maringá, Maringá, Paraná, Brazil
| | - Danielly Chierrito
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Farmacêuticas, Department of Pharmacy, Universidade Estadual de Maringá, Maringá, Paraná, Brazil
| | - Danielle Lazarin-Bidóia
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Farmacêuticas, Department of Pharmacy, Universidade Estadual de Maringá, Maringá, Paraná, Brazil
| | - Acácio Antonio Ferreira Zielinski
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Food Engineering, Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina, Florianópolis, Santa Catarina, Brazil
| | - Cláudio Roberto Novello
- Academic Department of Chemistry and Biology, Universidade Tecnológica Federal do Paraná, Francisco Beltrão, Paraná, Brazil
| | - Celso Vataru Nakamura
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Farmacêuticas, Department of Pharmacy, Universidade Estadual de Maringá, Maringá, Paraná, Brazil
| | - Mário Sérgio Mantovani
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Genética e Biologia Molecular, Department of General Biology, Universidade Estadual de Londrina, Londrina, Paraná, Brazil
| | - João Carlos Palazzo de Mello
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Farmacêuticas, Department of Pharmacy, Universidade Estadual de Maringá, Maringá, Paraná, Brazil
- * E-mail:
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22
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Castillo WO, Aristizabal-Pachon AF, Sakamoto-Hojo E, Gasca CA, Cabezas-Fajardo FA, Takahashi C. Caliphruria subedentata (Amaryllidaceae) decreases genotoxicity and cell death induced by β-amyloid peptide in SH-SY5Y cell line. MUTATION RESEARCH-GENETIC TOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL MUTAGENESIS 2018; 836:54-61. [DOI: 10.1016/j.mrgentox.2018.06.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2017] [Revised: 04/18/2018] [Accepted: 06/01/2018] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
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Oliveira VC, Constante SAR, Polloni L, Orsolin PC, Silva-Oliveira RG, Machado NM, de Oliveira-Júnior RJ, Nepomuceno JC. Protective effect of aspirin against mitomycin C-induced carcinogenicity, assessed by the test for detection of epithelial tumor clones (warts) in Drosophila melanogaster. Drug Chem Toxicol 2017; 41:330-337. [PMID: 29281929 DOI: 10.1080/01480545.2017.1415926] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
The present study assessed the protective effect of aspirin against carcinogenicity induced by mitomycin C (MMC) by the test for detection of warts/epithelial tumor clones in Drosophila melanogaster. Larvae were treated with different concentrations of aspirin alone (10, 20 or 40 mg/mL) or aspirin in association with MMC. MMC and ultrapure water were employed as the positive and negative control, respectively. Antioxidant activity was determined using the DPPH method. For performing cytotoxicity assay on HeLa cells, the aspirin concentrations used ranged from 200 mmol/L to 3,125 mmol/L. For assessment of apoptosis and necrosis, cells were incubated for 24 h with complete medium in the absence (control group) or presence of aspirin (12.5 mmol/L and 25 mmol/L). The results obtained in the assessment of the possible carcinogenic effects of aspirin at the three concentrations tested indicate no statistically significant increase in tumor frequency compared to the negative control. The anticarcinogenic activity assessment, where the larvae of D. melanogaster were previously induced to tumor formation by MMC and later treated with aspirin, showed a statistically significant reduction in the number of tumors compared to the positive control. Antioxidant activity across the three aspirin concentrations (10, 20 or 40 mg/mL) ranged from 20.81% to 26.5%. It was observed that aspirin reduced growth viability of HeLa cells in a concentration-dependent manner in comparison with the control. These results indicate that aspirin did not induce tumors in Drosophila and reduced MMC-induced carcinogenicity. The antioxidant activity and apoptosis induction appear to be the main mechanisms involved in reducing the frequency of tumors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Victor Constante Oliveira
- a Genetics and Biochemistry Institute , Federal University of Uberlandia , Uberlandia , Brazil.,b Laboratory of Cytogenetics and Mutagenesis , University Center of Patos de Minas , Patos de Minas , Brazil
| | | | - Lorena Polloni
- c Laboratory of Animal Cytogenetics , Genetics and Biochemistry Institute, Federal University of Uberlândia , Uberlandia , Brazil
| | - Priscila Capelari Orsolin
- b Laboratory of Cytogenetics and Mutagenesis , University Center of Patos de Minas , Patos de Minas , Brazil
| | | | - Nayane Moreira Machado
- b Laboratory of Cytogenetics and Mutagenesis , University Center of Patos de Minas , Patos de Minas , Brazil
| | - Robson José de Oliveira-Júnior
- c Laboratory of Animal Cytogenetics , Genetics and Biochemistry Institute, Federal University of Uberlândia , Uberlandia , Brazil
| | - Júlio César Nepomuceno
- a Genetics and Biochemistry Institute , Federal University of Uberlandia , Uberlandia , Brazil.,b Laboratory of Cytogenetics and Mutagenesis , University Center of Patos de Minas , Patos de Minas , Brazil
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24
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Chierrito TPC, Pedersoli-Mantoani S, Roca C, Requena C, Sebastian-Perez V, Castillo WO, Moreira NCS, Pérez C, Sakamoto-Hojo ET, Takahashi CS, Jiménez-Barbero J, Cañada FJ, Campillo NE, Martinez A, Carvalho I. From dual binding site acetylcholinesterase inhibitors to allosteric modulators: A new avenue for disease-modifying drugs in Alzheimer's disease. Eur J Med Chem 2017; 139:773-791. [PMID: 28863358 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2017.08.051] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2017] [Revised: 08/21/2017] [Accepted: 08/22/2017] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
The lack of an effective treatment for Alzheimer' disease (AD), an increasing prevalence and severe neurodegenerative pathology boost medicinal chemists to look for new drugs. Currently, only acethylcholinesterase (AChE) inhibitors and glutamate antagonist have been approved to the palliative treatment of AD. Although they have a short-term symptomatic benefits, their clinical use have revealed important non-cholinergic functions for AChE such its chaperone role in beta-amyloid toxicity. We propose here the design, synthesis and evaluation of non-toxic dual binding site AChEIs by hybridization of indanone and quinoline heterocyclic scaffolds. Unexpectely, we have found a potent allosteric modulator of AChE able to target cholinergic and non-cholinergic functions by fixing a specific AChE conformation, confirmed by STD-NMR and molecular modeling studies. Furthermore the promising biological data obtained on human neuroblastoma SH-SY5Y cell assays for the new allosteric hybrid 14, led us to propose it as a valuable pharmacological tool for the study of non-cholinergic functions of AChE, and as a new important lead for novel disease modifying agents against AD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Talita P C Chierrito
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences of Ribeirão Preto, University of São Paulo, Avenida do Café, s/n, 14040-903, Ribeirão Preto, SP, Brazil
| | - Susimaire Pedersoli-Mantoani
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences of Ribeirão Preto, University of São Paulo, Avenida do Café, s/n, 14040-903, Ribeirão Preto, SP, Brazil
| | - Carlos Roca
- IPSBB Unit, Centro de Investigaciones Biologicas (CSIC), Ramiro de Maeztu 9, 28040 Madrid, Spain
| | - Carlos Requena
- IPSBB Unit, Centro de Investigaciones Biologicas (CSIC), Ramiro de Maeztu 9, 28040 Madrid, Spain
| | - Victor Sebastian-Perez
- IPSBB Unit, Centro de Investigaciones Biologicas (CSIC), Ramiro de Maeztu 9, 28040 Madrid, Spain
| | - Willian O Castillo
- Department of Genetics, Ribeirão Preto Medical School, University of São Paulo, Av. Bandeirantes, 3900, 14049-900, Ribeirão Preto, SP, Brazil
| | - Natalia C S Moreira
- Department of Genetics, Ribeirão Preto Medical School, University of São Paulo, Av. Bandeirantes, 3900, 14049-900, Ribeirão Preto, SP, Brazil
| | - Concepción Pérez
- Instituto de Química Médica (CSIC), Juan de la Cierva 3, 28006, Madrid, Spain
| | - Elza T Sakamoto-Hojo
- Department of Genetics, Ribeirão Preto Medical School, University of São Paulo, Av. Bandeirantes, 3900, 14049-900, Ribeirão Preto, SP, Brazil; Department of Biology, Faculty of Philosophy, Sciences and Letters at Ribeirão Preto, University of São Paulo, Avenida Bandeirantes, 3900, 14040-900, Ribeirão Preto, SP, Brazil
| | - Catarina S Takahashi
- Department of Genetics, Ribeirão Preto Medical School, University of São Paulo, Av. Bandeirantes, 3900, 14049-900, Ribeirão Preto, SP, Brazil; Department of Biology, Faculty of Philosophy, Sciences and Letters at Ribeirão Preto, University of São Paulo, Avenida Bandeirantes, 3900, 14040-900, Ribeirão Preto, SP, Brazil
| | - Jesús Jiménez-Barbero
- IPSBB Unit, Centro de Investigaciones Biologicas (CSIC), Ramiro de Maeztu 9, 28040 Madrid, Spain; CIC BioGUNE, Parque Tecnologico de Bizkaia, Edif. 801A, 48160, Derio-Bizkaia, Bilbao, Spain
| | - F Javier Cañada
- IPSBB Unit, Centro de Investigaciones Biologicas (CSIC), Ramiro de Maeztu 9, 28040 Madrid, Spain
| | - Nuria E Campillo
- IPSBB Unit, Centro de Investigaciones Biologicas (CSIC), Ramiro de Maeztu 9, 28040 Madrid, Spain
| | - Ana Martinez
- IPSBB Unit, Centro de Investigaciones Biologicas (CSIC), Ramiro de Maeztu 9, 28040 Madrid, Spain.
| | - Ivone Carvalho
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences of Ribeirão Preto, University of São Paulo, Avenida do Café, s/n, 14040-903, Ribeirão Preto, SP, Brazil.
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25
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Postu PA, Noumedem JAK, Cioanca O, Hancianu M, Mihasan M, Ciorpac M, Gorgan DL, Petre BA, Hritcu L. Lactuca capensis reverses memory deficits in Aβ1-42-induced an animal model of Alzheimer's disease. J Cell Mol Med 2017; 22:111-122. [PMID: 28816008 PMCID: PMC5742732 DOI: 10.1111/jcmm.13299] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2017] [Accepted: 06/03/2017] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
We investigated the neuropharmacological effects of the methanolic extract from Lactuca capensis Thunb. leaves (100 and 200 mg/kg) for 21 days on memory impairment in an Alzheimer's disease (AD) rat model produced by direct intraventricular delivery of amyloid‐β1‐42 (Aβ1‐42). Behavioural assays such as Y‐maze and radial arm maze test were used for assessing memory performance. Aβ1‐42 decreased cognitive performance in the behavioural tests which were ameliorated by pre‐treatment with the methanolic extract. Acetylcholinesterase activity and oxidant–antioxidant balance in the rat hippocampus were abnormally altered by Aβ1‐42 treatment while these deficits were recovered by pre‐treatment with the methanolic extract. In addition, rats were given Aβ1‐42 exhibited in the hippocampus decreased brain‐derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) mRNA copy number and increased IL‐1β mRNA copy number which was reversed by the methanolic extract administration. These findings suggest that the methanolic extract could be a potent neuropharmacological agent against dementia via modulating cholinergic activity, increasing of BDNF levels and promoting antioxidant action in the rat hippocampus.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Jaures A K Noumedem
- Pôle Recherche Innovation et Entrepreneuriat (PRIE), Institut Universitaire de la Côte, Douala, Cameroon
| | - Oana Cioanca
- Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Medicine and Pharmacy 'Gr. T. Popa', Iasi, Romania
| | - Monica Hancianu
- Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Medicine and Pharmacy 'Gr. T. Popa', Iasi, Romania
| | - Marius Mihasan
- Department of Biology, Alexandru Ioan Cuza University of Iasi, Iasi, Romania
| | - Mitica Ciorpac
- Department of Biology, Alexandru Ioan Cuza University of Iasi, Iasi, Romania
| | | | | | - Lucian Hritcu
- Department of Biology, Alexandru Ioan Cuza University of Iasi, Iasi, Romania
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26
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Castillo-Ordóñez WO, Tamarozzi ER, da Silva GM, Aristizabal-Pachón AF, Sakamoto-Hojo ET, Takahashi CS, Giuliatti S. Exploration of the Acetylcholinesterase Inhibitory Activity of Some Alkaloids from Amaryllidaceae Family by Molecular Docking In Silico. Neurochem Res 2017; 42:2826-2830. [DOI: 10.1007/s11064-017-2295-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2016] [Revised: 04/27/2017] [Accepted: 05/06/2017] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
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27
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Castillo WO, Aristizabal-Pachon AF. Galantamine protects against beta amyloid peptide-induced DNA damage in a model for Alzheimer's disease. Neural Regen Res 2017; 12:916-917. [PMID: 28761423 PMCID: PMC5514865 DOI: 10.4103/1673-5374.208572] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
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