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Yang Y, Bagyinszky E, An SSA. Patient with PSEN1 Glu318Gly and Other Possible Disease Risk Mutations, Diagnosed with Early Onset Alzheimer's Disease. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:15461. [PMID: 37895139 PMCID: PMC10607718 DOI: 10.3390/ijms242015461] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2023] [Revised: 10/10/2023] [Accepted: 10/18/2023] [Indexed: 10/29/2023] Open
Abstract
In this manuscript, we introduced a French EOAD patient in Korea who carried the presenilin-1 (PSEN1) Glu318Gly mutations with four possible risk variants, including sortilin-related receptor 1 (SORL1) Glu270Lys, ATP-binding cassette subfamily A member 7 (ABCA7) Val1946Met, translocase of outer mitochondrial membrane 40 (TOMM40) Arg239Trp, and granulin (GRN) Ala505Gly. The patient started to present memory decline and behavioral dysfunction in his early 60s. His brain imaging presented amyloid deposits by positron emission tomography (PET-CT). The multimer detection system (MDS) screening test for plasma for amyloid oligomers was also positive, which supported the AD diagnosis. It was verified that PSEN1 Glu318Gly itself may not impact amyloid production. However, additional variants were found in other AD and non-AD risk genes, as follows: SORL1 Glu270Lys was suggested as a risk mutation for AD and could increase amyloid peptide production and impair endosome functions. ABCA7 Val1946Met was a novel variant that was predicted to be damaging. The GRN Ala505Gly was a variant with uncertain significance; however, it may reduce the granulin levels in the plasma of dementia patients. Pathway analysis revealed that PSEN1 Glu318Gly may work as a risk factor along with the SORL1 and ABCA7 variants since pathway analysis revealed that PSEN1 could directly interact with them through amyloid-related and lipid metabolism pathways. TOMM40 and PSEN1 could have common mechanisms through mitochondrial dysfunction. It may be possible that PSEN1 Glu318Gly and GRN Ala505Gly would impact disease by impairing immune-related pathways, including microglia and astrocyte development, or NFkB-related pathways. Taken together, the five risk factors may contribute to disease-related pathways, including amyloid and lipid metabolism, or impair immune mechanisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- YoungSoon Yang
- Department of Neurology, Soonchunhyang University College of Medicine, Cheonan Hospital, Cheonan 31151, Republic of Korea;
| | - Eva Bagyinszky
- Department of Industrial and Environmental Engineering, Graduate School of Environment, Gachon University, Seongnam-si 13120, Republic of Korea
| | - Seong Soo A. An
- Department of Bionano Technology, Gachon Medical Research Institute, College of Bionano Technology, Gachon University, Seongnam-si 13120, Republic of Korea
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Mathioudakis L, Dimovasili C, Bourbouli M, Latsoudis H, Kokosali E, Gouna G, Vogiatzi E, Basta M, Kapetanaki S, Panagiotakis S, Kanterakis A, Boumpas D, Lionis C, Plaitakis A, Simos P, Vgontzas A, Kafetzopoulos D, Zaganas I. Study of Alzheimer's disease- and frontotemporal dementia-associated genes in the Cretan Aging Cohort. Neurobiol Aging 2023; 123:111-128. [PMID: 36117051 DOI: 10.1016/j.neurobiolaging.2022.07.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2022] [Revised: 07/03/2022] [Accepted: 07/04/2022] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
Using exome sequencing, we analyzed 196 participants of the Cretan Aging Cohort (CAC; 95 with Alzheimer's disease [AD], 20 with mild cognitive impairment [MCI], and 81 cognitively normal controls). The APOE ε4 allele was more common in AD patients (23.2%) than in controls (7.4%; p < 0.01) and the PSEN2 p.Arg29His and p.Cys391Arg variants were found in 3 AD and 1 MCI patient, respectively. Also, we found the frontotemporal dementia (FTD)-associated TARDBP gene p.Ile383Val variant in 2 elderly patients diagnosed with AD and in 2 patients, non CAC members, with the amyotrophic lateral sclerosis/FTD phenotype. Furthermore, the p.Ser498Ala variant in the positively selected GLUD2 gene was less frequent in AD patients (2.11%) than in controls (16%; p < 0.01), suggesting a possible protective effect. While the same trend was found in another local replication cohort (n = 406) and in section of the ADNI cohort (n = 808), this finding did not reach statistical significance and therefore it should be considered preliminary. Our results attest to the value of genetic testing to study aged adults with AD phenotype.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lambros Mathioudakis
- University of Crete, Medical School, Neurology/Neurogenetics Laboratory, Heraklion, Crete, Greece
| | - Christina Dimovasili
- University of Crete, Medical School, Neurology/Neurogenetics Laboratory, Heraklion, Crete, Greece
| | - Mara Bourbouli
- University of Crete, Medical School, Neurology/Neurogenetics Laboratory, Heraklion, Crete, Greece
| | - Helen Latsoudis
- Minotech Genomics Facility, Institute of Molecular Biology and Biotechnology (IMBB-FORTH), Heraklion, Crete, Greece
| | - Evgenia Kokosali
- University of Crete, Medical School, Neurology/Neurogenetics Laboratory, Heraklion, Crete, Greece
| | - Garyfallia Gouna
- University of Crete, Medical School, Neurology/Neurogenetics Laboratory, Heraklion, Crete, Greece
| | - Emmanouella Vogiatzi
- University of Crete, Medical School, Neurology/Neurogenetics Laboratory, Heraklion, Crete, Greece
| | - Maria Basta
- University of Crete, Medical School, Psychiatry Department, Heraklion, Crete, Greece
| | - Stefania Kapetanaki
- University of Crete, Medical School, Neurology/Neurogenetics Laboratory, Heraklion, Crete, Greece
| | - Simeon Panagiotakis
- University of Crete, Medical School, Internal Medicine Department, Heraklion, Crete, Greece
| | - Alexandros Kanterakis
- Computational BioMedicine Laboratory, Institute of Computer Science, Foundation for Research and Technology - Hellas (ICS-FORTH), Heraklion, Crete, Greece
| | - Dimitrios Boumpas
- University of Crete, Medical School, Internal Medicine Department, Heraklion, Crete, Greece
| | - Christos Lionis
- University of Crete, Medical School, Clinic of Social and Family Medicine, Heraklion, Crete, Greece
| | - Andreas Plaitakis
- University of Crete, Medical School, Neurology/Neurogenetics Laboratory, Heraklion, Crete, Greece
| | - Panagiotis Simos
- University of Crete, Medical School, Psychiatry Department, Heraklion, Crete, Greece
| | - Alexandros Vgontzas
- University of Crete, Medical School, Psychiatry Department, Heraklion, Crete, Greece
| | - Dimitrios Kafetzopoulos
- Minotech Genomics Facility, Institute of Molecular Biology and Biotechnology (IMBB-FORTH), Heraklion, Crete, Greece
| | - Ioannis Zaganas
- University of Crete, Medical School, Neurology/Neurogenetics Laboratory, Heraklion, Crete, Greece.
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Eryilmaz IE, Bakar M, Egeli U, Cecener G, Yurdacan B, Colak DK, Tunca B. Evaluation of the Clinical Features Accompanied by the Gene Mutations: The 2 Novel PSEN1 Variants in a Turkish Early-onset Alzheimer Disease Cohort. Alzheimer Dis Assoc Disord 2021; 35:214-222. [PMID: 33769986 DOI: 10.1097/wad.0000000000000437] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2020] [Accepted: 01/03/2021] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Early-onset Alzheimer disease (EOAD) is an earlier Alzheimer disease form which is characterized by the mutations in the amyloid precursor protein, presenilin-1/2 (PSEN1/2), and triggering receptor expressed on myeloid cells 2 (TREM2). However, it is still necessary to report mutational screening in multiethnic groups to improve the genetic background of EOAD due to the variant classification challenge. METHODS We performed targeted sequencing for the amyloid precursor protein, PSEN1, PSEN2, and TREM2 genes in 74 patients and 1 family diagnosed with EOAD. RESULTS Among the detected variants, 8 were coding and 6 were noncoding in 15 of 74 patients. In PSEN1, 2 pathogenic coding variants (T274K and L364P) detected in 2 patients were novel and 3 coding variants (G183V, E318G, and L219P) detected in 2 patients were previously reported. We found 4 patients with the compound heterozygosity for the PSEN2 A23= and N43= and a family with the coexistence of them, and 1 patient with TREM2 Y38C. The coding variation frequency was 12.1%. In silico analysis indicated pathogenic potentials and clinical interpretations of the detected variants. CONCLUSION Our study reveals the rare gene variants including novel ones from the Turkish EOAD cohort and provides to clinicians the list of detected variants in the screened genes, which may also be useful for accurate genetic counseling.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Mustafa Bakar
- Neurology Department, Bursa Uludag University, Faculty of Medicine, Gorukle, Bursa
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Coppola C, Saracino D, Oliva M, Cipriano L, Puoti G, Pappatà S, Di Fede G, Catania M, Ricci M, Cimini S, Giaccone G, Bonavita S, Rossi G. Singular cases of Alzheimer's disease disclose new and old genetic "acquaintances". Neurol Sci 2020; 42:2021-2029. [PMID: 33006056 PMCID: PMC8043869 DOI: 10.1007/s10072-020-04774-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2020] [Accepted: 09/25/2020] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
Abstract
Background Alzheimer’s disease (AD) is the most common age-related dementia. Besides its typical presentation with amnestic syndrome at onset, atypical AD cases are being increasingly recognized, often in presenile age. Objectives To provide an extensive clinical and genetic characterization of six AD patients carrying one or more singular features, including age of onset, atypical phenotype and disease progression rate. By reviewing the pertinent literature and accessing publicly available databases, we aimed to assess the frequency and the significance of the identified genetic variants. Methods Biomarkers of amyloid-β deposition and neurodegeneration were used to establish the in vivo diagnosis of probable AD, in addition to neurological and neuropsychological evaluation, extensive laboratory assays and neuroradiological data. Considering the presenile onset of the majority of the cases, we hypothesized genetically determined AD and performed extensive genetic analyses by both Sanger sequencing and next generation sequencing (NGS). Results We disclosed two known missense variants, one in PSEN1 and the other in PSEN2, and a novel silent variant in PSEN2. Most notably, we identified several additional variants in other dementia-related genes by NGS. Some of them have never been reported in any control or disease databases, representing variants unique to our cases. Conclusions This work underlines the difficulties in reaching a confident in vivo diagnosis in cases of atypical dementia. Moreover, a wider genetic analysis by NGS approach may prove to be useful in specific cases, especially when the study of the so-far known AD causative genes produces negative or conflicting results.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cinzia Coppola
- Department of Advanced Medical and Surgical Sciences, University of Campania "L. Vanvitelli", Naples, Italy. .,Second Division of Neurology, University of Campania "Luigi Vanvitelli", Isola 8 - Edificio 10 Policlinico "Federico II" via Pansini 5, 80131, Naples, Italy.
| | - Dario Saracino
- Department of Advanced Medical and Surgical Sciences, University of Campania "L. Vanvitelli", Naples, Italy
| | - Mariano Oliva
- Department of Advanced Medical and Surgical Sciences, University of Campania "L. Vanvitelli", Naples, Italy
| | - Lorenzo Cipriano
- Department of Advanced Medical and Surgical Sciences, University of Campania "L. Vanvitelli", Naples, Italy
| | - Gianfranco Puoti
- Department of Advanced Medical and Surgical Sciences, University of Campania "L. Vanvitelli", Naples, Italy
| | - Sabina Pappatà
- Institute of Biostructure and Bioimaging, National Council of Research, Naples, Italy.,Department of Advanced Biomedical Sciences, Federico II University, Naples, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Di Fede
- Division of Neurology V - Neuropathology, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Neurologico Carlo Besta, Milan, Italy
| | - Marcella Catania
- Division of Neurology V - Neuropathology, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Neurologico Carlo Besta, Milan, Italy
| | - Martina Ricci
- Division of Neurology V - Neuropathology, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Neurologico Carlo Besta, Milan, Italy
| | - Sara Cimini
- Division of Neurology V - Neuropathology, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Neurologico Carlo Besta, Milan, Italy
| | - Giorgio Giaccone
- Division of Neurology V - Neuropathology, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Neurologico Carlo Besta, Milan, Italy
| | - Simona Bonavita
- Department of Advanced Medical and Surgical Sciences, University of Campania "L. Vanvitelli", Naples, Italy
| | - Giacomina Rossi
- Division of Neurology V - Neuropathology, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Neurologico Carlo Besta, Milan, Italy
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Artuso V, Benussi L, Ghidoni R, Moradi-Bachiller S, Fusco F, Curtolo S, Roiter I, Forloni G, Albani D. Asymptomatic Carriers of Presenilin-1 E318G Variant Show no Cerebrospinal Fluid Biochemical Signs Suggestive of Alzheimer's disease in a Family with Late-onset Dementia. Curr Alzheimer Res 2018; 16:1-7. [PMID: 30381075 DOI: 10.2174/1567205015666181031150345] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2018] [Revised: 09/14/2018] [Accepted: 10/15/2018] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Presenilin-1 (PSEN-1) is a component of the γ-secretase complex involved in β-amyloid Precursor Protein (AβPP) processing. Usually, Alzheimer's disease (AD)-linked mutations in the PSEN-1 gene lead to the early onset and increase the production of the aggregation-prone peptide Aβ42. However, the PSEN-1 E318G variant has an unclear pathogenic role and is recently reported as a genetic risk factor for AD. In particular, E318G variant presence correlated with increased cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) levels of Total Tau (t-tau) and Phosphorylated Tau (p-tau). OBJECTIVE We describe a large Italian family, which we followed from January 2003 to January 2018, with the late-onset AD and the E318G variant, with the aim of assessing E318G-associated CSF or plasma biochemical changes in biomarkers of dementia. METHOD CSF Aβ42, t-tau and p-tau, plasma Aβ42 and Aβ40 were assessed by ELISA tests, while CSF amyloid peptides profile was investigated by mass spectrometry. RESULTS We did not find any changes in CSF biochemical markers (Aβ42, t-tau, p-tau and amyloid peptides) of asymptomatic E318G carriers in 2010 and 2012, but plasma Aβ40 was increased at the same times. From 2003 to 2018, no asymptomatic E318G carrier developed AD. CONCLUSION Our follow-up of this family may help elucidate E318G's role in AD and globally points to a null effect of this variant.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Luisa Benussi
- Molecular Markers Laboratory, IRCCS Istituto Centro San Giovanni di Dio Fatebenefratelli, Brescia, Italy
| | - Roberta Ghidoni
- Molecular Markers Laboratory, IRCCS Istituto Centro San Giovanni di Dio Fatebenefratelli, Brescia, Italy
| | - Soraya Moradi-Bachiller
- Department of Neuroscience, Istituto di Ricerche Farmacologiche Mario Negri IRCCS, Via La Masa 19, 20156, Milan, Italy
| | - Federica Fusco
- Department of Neuroscience, Istituto di Ricerche Farmacologiche Mario Negri IRCCS, Via La Masa 19, 20156, Milan, Italy
| | - Stefano Curtolo
- ULSS 2 Marca Trevigiana, Ca' Foncello Hospital, Piazzale Ospedale, 1, 31100 Treviso, Italy
| | - Ignazio Roiter
- ULSS 2 Marca Trevigiana, Ca' Foncello Hospital, Piazzale Ospedale, 1, 31100 Treviso, Italy
| | - Gianluigi Forloni
- Department of Neuroscience, Istituto di Ricerche Farmacologiche Mario Negri IRCCS, Via La Masa 19, 20156, Milan, Italy
| | - Diego Albani
- Department of Neuroscience, Istituto di Ricerche Farmacologiche Mario Negri IRCCS, Via La Masa 19, 20156, Milan, Italy
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Paracchini L, Beltrame L, Boeri L, Fusco F, Caffarra P, Marchini S, Albani D, Forloni G. Exome sequencing in an Italian family with Alzheimer's disease points to a role for seizure-related gene 6 (SEZ6) rare variant R615H. ALZHEIMERS RESEARCH & THERAPY 2018; 10:106. [PMID: 30309378 PMCID: PMC6182820 DOI: 10.1186/s13195-018-0435-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2018] [Accepted: 09/20/2018] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The typical familial form of Alzheimer's disease (FAD) accounts for about 5% of total Alzheimer's disease (AD) cases. Presenilins (PSEN1 and PSEN2) and amyloid-β (A4) precursor protein (APP) genes carry all reported FAD-linked mutations. However, other genetic loci may be involved in AD. For instance, seizure-related gene 6 (SEZ6) has been reported in brain development and psychiatric disorders and is differentially expressed in the cerebrospinal fluid of AD cases. METHODS We describe a targeted exome sequencing analysis of a large Italian kindred with AD, negative for PSEN and APP variants, that indicated the SEZ6 heterozygous mutation R615H is associated with the pathology. RESULTS We overexpressed R615H mutation in H4-SW cells, finding a reduction of amyloid peptide Aβ(1-42). Sez6 expression decreased with age in a mouse model of AD (3xTG-AD), but independently from transgene expression. CONCLUSIONS These results support a role of exome sequencing for disease-associated variant discovery and reinforce available data on SEZ6 in AD models.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lara Paracchini
- Department of Oncology, Istituto di Ricerche Farmacologiche Mario Negri IRCCS, Via La Masa 19, 20156, Milan, Italy
| | - Luca Beltrame
- Department of Oncology, Istituto di Ricerche Farmacologiche Mario Negri IRCCS, Via La Masa 19, 20156, Milan, Italy
| | - Lucia Boeri
- Dipartimento di Chimica, Materiali e Ingegneria Chimica "G. Natta", Politecnico di Milano, Piazza Leonardo da Vinci 32, 20133, Milan, Italy
| | - Federica Fusco
- Department of Neuroscience, Istituto di Ricerche Farmacologiche Mario Negri IRCCS, Via La Masa 19, 20156, Milan, Italy
| | - Paolo Caffarra
- Department of Neuroscience, Istituto di Neurologia, Università di Parma, Via Gramsci 14, 43100, Parma, Italy
| | - Sergio Marchini
- Department of Oncology, Istituto di Ricerche Farmacologiche Mario Negri IRCCS, Via La Masa 19, 20156, Milan, Italy
| | - Diego Albani
- Department of Neuroscience, Istituto di Ricerche Farmacologiche Mario Negri IRCCS, Via La Masa 19, 20156, Milan, Italy.
| | - Gianluigi Forloni
- Department of Neuroscience, Istituto di Ricerche Farmacologiche Mario Negri IRCCS, Via La Masa 19, 20156, Milan, Italy
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Ramakrishnan V, Akram Husain RS, Ahmed SSSJ. PSEN1 gene polymorphisms in Caucasian Alzheimer's disease: A meta-analysis. Clin Chim Acta 2017; 473:65-70. [PMID: 28821390 DOI: 10.1016/j.cca.2017.08.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2017] [Revised: 08/11/2017] [Accepted: 08/15/2017] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND A meta-analysis was performed to assess PSEN1 gene polymorphisms (rs1800839 and rs17125721) in Alzheimer's disease (AD) risk. METHODS A systematic electronic search was performed across databases to retrieve studies published before 31 January 2017. The association between the selected PSEN1 polymorphisms and AD was based on five genetic models using DerSimonian and Laird's method or Mantel-Haenszel's method. RESULTS A total of 14 case-controlled studies were included. Results showed that rs1800839 polymorphism was significantly associated with AD in allelic OR=0.85 (95% CI [0.72-1.00]) and dominant OR=0.82 (95% CI [0.69-0.98]) genetic models, respectively. However, an insignificant association was found for rs17125721 polymorphism in all genetic models. CONCLUSIONS Meta-analysis of PSEN1 gene suggests that the rs1800839 polymorphism has potential influence on AD among Caucasians.
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Affiliation(s)
- V Ramakrishnan
- Genetics Lab, Faculty of Allied Health Sciences, Chettinad Academy of Research and Education, Kelambakkam 603103, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - R S Akram Husain
- Genetics Lab, Faculty of Allied Health Sciences, Chettinad Academy of Research and Education, Kelambakkam 603103, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Shiek S S J Ahmed
- Drug Discovery Lab, Faculty of Allied Health Sciences, Chettinad Academy of Research and Education, Kelambakkam 603103, Tamil Nadu, India.
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Abdala BB, Dos Santos JM, Gonçalves AP, da Motta LB, Laks J, de Borges MB, Gonçalves Pimentel MM, Santos-Rebouças CB. Influence of low frequency PSEN1 variants on familial Alzheimer's disease risk in Brazil. Neurosci Lett 2017; 653:341-345. [PMID: 28554858 DOI: 10.1016/j.neulet.2017.05.053] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2017] [Revised: 05/11/2017] [Accepted: 05/24/2017] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
About 30-70% of familial Alzheimer's disease (AD) cases are related to mutations in presenilin-1 gene (PSEN1). Although the role of mutations and common variants in AD had been extensively investigated, the contribution of rare or low frequency PSEN1 variants on AD risk remains unclear. In the current study, we performed a mutational screening of PSEN1 coding exons and flanking intronic sequences among 53 index cases with familial history of AD from Rio de Janeiro (Brazil). Two missense variants (rs63750592; rs17125721), one rare and a low frequency variant, and two intronic variants (rs3025786; rs165932) were identified. In silico tools were used to predict the functional impact of the variants, revealing no changes in protein functionality by exonic variants. Otherwise, all variants were predicted to alter splicing signals. Prediction results, together with previous reports, suggest a correlation between rs17125721 and AD. So, a subsequent case-control study to evaluate the role of rs1712572 on AD risk was performed in an additional sample of 120 AD sporadic cases and in 149 elderly healthy controls by TaqMan Genotyping Assay. Our data indicates a risk association for rs17125721 in familial AD cases (OR=6.0; IC95%=1.06-33.79; p=0.042). In addition, we tested the multiplicative interaction between allele ε4 of the apolipoprotein E (APOE) and rs17125721 and no statistical association was found. Taken together, our findings provide new insight about the genetic relevance of low frequency PSEN1 variants for familial AD development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bianca Barbosa Abdala
- Departamento de Genética, Universidade do Estado do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | | | | | - Luciana Branco da Motta
- Núcleo de Atenção ao Idoso, Universidade do Estado do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Jerson Laks
- Instituto de Psiquiatria, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil; Programa de Pós Graduação em Biomedicina Translacional, Universidade do Grande Rio, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
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Atypical Huntington's disease with the clinical presentation of behavioural variant of frontotemporal dementia. J Neural Transm (Vienna) 2016; 123:1423-1433. [PMID: 27287334 DOI: 10.1007/s00702-016-1579-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2016] [Accepted: 05/24/2016] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
Huntington's disease is an incurable, adult-onset, autosomal dominant inherited disorder caused by an expanded trinucleotide repeat (CAG). In this study, we describe a Huntington's disease patient displaying clinical symptoms of the behavioural variant of frontotemporal dementia in the absence of tremor and ataxia. The clinical onset was at the age of 36 years and the disease progressed slowly (18 years). Genetic testing revealed expanded trinucleotide CAG repeats in the Huntingtin gene, together with a Glu318Gly polymorphism in presenilin 1. Neuropathological assessment revealed extensive amyloid β (Aβ) aggregates in all cortical regions. No inclusions displaying hyperphosphorylated tau or phosphorylated transactive response DNA-binding protein 43 (TDP43) were found. A high number of p62 (sequestosome 1) immunopositive intranuclear inclusions were seen mainly in the cortex, while subcortical areas were affected to a lesser extent. Confocal microscopy revealed that the majority of p62 intranuclear lesions co-localised with the fused-in-sarcoma protein (FUS) immunostaining. The morphology of the inclusions resembled intranuclear aggregates in Huntington's disease. The presented proband suffered from Huntington's disease showed atypical distribution of FUS positive intranuclear aggregates in the cortical areas with concomitant Alzheimer's disease pathology.
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Familial Alzheimer's disease coding mutations reduce Presenilin-1 expression in a novel genomic locus reporter model. Neurobiol Aging 2013; 35:443.e5-443.e16. [PMID: 24011544 DOI: 10.1016/j.neurobiolaging.2013.07.026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2013] [Revised: 07/28/2013] [Accepted: 07/31/2013] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
We have generated a physiologically relevant bacterial artificial chromosome (BAC)-based genomic DNA expression model to study PS1 gene expression and function. The PS1-WT-BAC construct restored γ-secretase function, whereas the mutant PS1 BACs demonstrated partial to complete loss of enzymatic activity when stably expressed in a PS double knock-out clonal cell line. We then engineered WT and mutant human PS1-BAC-Luciferase whole genomic locus reporter transgenes, which we transiently transduced in mouse and human non-neuronal and neuronal-like cells, respectively. PS1 ΔE9 and C410Y FAD were found to lower PS1 gene expression in both cell lines, whereas PS1-M146V showed a neuron-specific effect. The nonclinical γ-secretase inactive PS1-D257A mutation did not alter gene expression in either cell line. This is the first time that pathogenic coding mutations in the PS1 gene have been shown to lower PS1 gene expression. These findings may represent a pathologic mechanism for PS1 FAD mutations independent of their effects on γ-secretase activity and demonstrate how dominant PS1 mutations may exert their pathogenic effects by a loss-of-function mechanism.
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Benitez BA, Karch CM, Cai Y, Jin SC, Cooper B, Carrell D, Bertelsen S, Chibnik L, Schneider JA, Bennett DA, Fagan AM, Holtzman D, Morris JC, Goate AM, Cruchaga C. The PSEN1, p.E318G variant increases the risk of Alzheimer's disease in APOE-ε4 carriers. PLoS Genet 2013; 9:e1003685. [PMID: 23990795 PMCID: PMC3750021 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pgen.1003685] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2013] [Accepted: 06/14/2013] [Indexed: 01/18/2023] Open
Abstract
The primary constituents of plaques (Aβ42/Aβ40) and neurofibrillary tangles (tau and phosphorylated forms of tau [ptau]) are the current leading diagnostic and prognostic cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) biomarkers for AD. In this study, we performed deep sequencing of APP, PSEN1, PSEN2, GRN, APOE and MAPT genes in individuals with extreme CSF Aβ42, tau, or ptau levels. One known pathogenic mutation (PSEN1 p.A426P), four high-risk variants for AD (APOE p.L46P, MAPT p.A152T, PSEN2 p.R62H and p.R71W) and nine novel variants were identified. Surprisingly, a coding variant in PSEN1, p.E318G (rs17125721-G) exhibited a significant association with high CSF tau (p = 9.2 × 10(-4)) and ptau (p = 1.8 × 10(-3)) levels. The association of the p.E318G variant with Aβ deposition was observed in APOE-ε4 allele carriers. Furthermore, we found that in a large case-control series (n = 5,161) individuals who are APOE-ε4 carriers and carry the p.E318G variant are at a risk of developing AD (OR = 10.7, 95% CI = 4.7-24.6) that is similar to APOE-ε4 homozygous (OR = 9.9, 95% CI = 7.2.9-13.6), and double the risk for APOE-ε4 carriers that do not carry p.E318G (OR = 3.9, 95% CI = 3.4-4.4). The p.E318G variant is present in 5.3% (n = 30) of the families from a large clinical series of LOAD families (n = 565) and exhibited a higher frequency in familial LOAD (MAF = 2.5%) than in sporadic LOAD (MAF = 1.6%) (p = 0.02). Additionally, we found that in the presence of at least one APOE-ε4 allele, p.E318G is associated with more Aβ plaques and faster cognitive decline. We demonstrate that the effect of PSEN1, p.E318G on AD susceptibility is largely dependent on an interaction with APOE-ε4 and mediated by an increased burden of Aβ deposition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bruno A. Benitez
- Department of Psychiatry, School of Medicine, Washington University, St. Louis, Missouri, United States of America
| | - Celeste M. Karch
- Department of Psychiatry, School of Medicine, Washington University, St. Louis, Missouri, United States of America
| | - Yefei Cai
- Department of Psychiatry, School of Medicine, Washington University, St. Louis, Missouri, United States of America
| | - Sheng Chih Jin
- Department of Psychiatry, School of Medicine, Washington University, St. Louis, Missouri, United States of America
| | - Breanna Cooper
- Department of Psychiatry, School of Medicine, Washington University, St. Louis, Missouri, United States of America
| | - David Carrell
- Department of Psychiatry, School of Medicine, Washington University, St. Louis, Missouri, United States of America
| | - Sarah Bertelsen
- Department of Psychiatry, School of Medicine, Washington University, St. Louis, Missouri, United States of America
| | - Lori Chibnik
- Program in Translational NeuroPsychiatric Genomics, Institute for the Neurosciences Department of Neurology, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America
- Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America
- Program in Medical and Population Genetics, Broad Institute of Harvard University and M.I.T., Cambridge, Massachusetts, United States of America
| | - Julie A. Schneider
- Rush Alzheimer's Disease Center and Department of Neurological Sciences, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, Illinois, United States of America
| | - David A. Bennett
- Rush Alzheimer's Disease Center and Department of Neurological Sciences, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, Illinois, United States of America
| | | | | | - Anne M. Fagan
- Department of Neurology, School of Medicine, Washington University, St. Louis, Missouri, United States of America
- Hope Center Program on Protein Aggregation and Neurodegeneration, Washington University St. Louis, Missouri, United States of America
| | - David Holtzman
- Department of Neurology, School of Medicine, Washington University, St. Louis, Missouri, United States of America
- Hope Center Program on Protein Aggregation and Neurodegeneration, Washington University St. Louis, Missouri, United States of America
| | - John C. Morris
- Department of Neurology, School of Medicine, Washington University, St. Louis, Missouri, United States of America
- Hope Center Program on Protein Aggregation and Neurodegeneration, Washington University St. Louis, Missouri, United States of America
| | - Alison M. Goate
- Department of Psychiatry, School of Medicine, Washington University, St. Louis, Missouri, United States of America
- Department of Neurology, School of Medicine, Washington University, St. Louis, Missouri, United States of America
- Hope Center Program on Protein Aggregation and Neurodegeneration, Washington University St. Louis, Missouri, United States of America
- Department of Genetics, School of Medicine, Washington University, St. Louis, Missouri, United States of America
| | - Carlos Cruchaga
- Department of Psychiatry, School of Medicine, Washington University, St. Louis, Missouri, United States of America
- Hope Center Program on Protein Aggregation and Neurodegeneration, Washington University St. Louis, Missouri, United States of America
- * E-mail:
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Molecular Genetic Analysis of the APP, PSEN1, and PSEN2 Genes in Finnish Patients With Early-onset Alzheimer Disease and Frontotemporal Lobar Degeneration. Alzheimer Dis Assoc Disord 2012; 26:272-6. [DOI: 10.1097/wad.0b013e318231e6c7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
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13
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Albani D, Tettamanti M, Batelli S, Polito L, Dusi S, Ateri E, Forloni G, Lucca U. Interleukin-1α, interleukin-1β and tumor necrosis factor-α genetic variants and risk of dementia in the very old: evidence from the "Monzino 80-plus" prospective study. AGE (DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS) 2012; 34:519-526. [PMID: 21509504 PMCID: PMC3312635 DOI: 10.1007/s11357-011-9249-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2010] [Accepted: 04/04/2011] [Indexed: 05/30/2023]
Abstract
The association among single nucleotide polymorphisms in inflammatory genes as interleukin-1 alpha (IL-1α), interleukin-1 beta (IL-1β) or tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α) and dementia has been explored mostly in Alzheimer's disease, while few data addressing their association with dementia in very old people are available. We performed a prospective, door-to-door population-based study of 80 years or older residents in eight municipalities of Varese province, Italy (the Monzino 80-plus study). No difference was found by a cross-sectional approach comparing IL-1α rs1800587, IL-1β rs3087258 and TNF-α rs1799724 genotypic and allelic frequencies between those affected and not affected by dementia. After a 5-year follow-up, the elderly carriers of T-allele of TNF-α rs1799724 were at an increased risk of dementia (p = 0.03). This association was no more significant adjusting for the apolipoprotein E epsilon-4 allele (APOE-ε4, p = 0.26), which was an independent predictor of dementia onset (p = 0.0002). In short, in this Italian population of oldest olds, dementia was associated to the APOE-ε4 allele only.
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Affiliation(s)
- Diego Albani
- Laboratory of Biology of Neurodegenerative Disorders, Mario Negri Institute for Pharmacological Research, Milan, Italy
- Mario Negri Institute for Pharmacological Research, Via Giuseppe La Masa 19, 20156 Milan, Italy
| | - Mauro Tettamanti
- Laboratory of Geriatric Neuropsychiatry, Department of Neuroscience, Mario Negri Institute for Pharmacological Research, Milan, Italy
| | - Sara Batelli
- Laboratory of Biology of Neurodegenerative Disorders, Mario Negri Institute for Pharmacological Research, Milan, Italy
- Gene Center, University of Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Letizia Polito
- Laboratory of Biology of Neurodegenerative Disorders, Mario Negri Institute for Pharmacological Research, Milan, Italy
- Golgi Cenci Foundation, Abbiategrasso, Italy
| | - Sabrina Dusi
- Laboratory of Biology of Neurodegenerative Disorders, Mario Negri Institute for Pharmacological Research, Milan, Italy
- Unit of Molecular Neurogenetics, The Foundation ‘Carlo Besta’ Institute of Neurology, Milan, Italy
| | - Eleonora Ateri
- Laboratory of Biology of Neurodegenerative Disorders, Mario Negri Institute for Pharmacological Research, Milan, Italy
| | - Gianluigi Forloni
- Laboratory of Biology of Neurodegenerative Disorders, Mario Negri Institute for Pharmacological Research, Milan, Italy
| | - Ugo Lucca
- Laboratory of Geriatric Neuropsychiatry, Department of Neuroscience, Mario Negri Institute for Pharmacological Research, Milan, Italy
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Polito L, Prato F, Rodilossi S, Ateri E, Galimberti D, Scarpini E, Clerici F, Mariani C, Forloni G, Albani D. A novel study and meta-analysis of the genetic variation of the serotonin transporter promoter in the italian population do not support a large effect on Alzheimer's disease risk. Int J Alzheimers Dis 2011; 2011:312341. [PMID: 21660253 PMCID: PMC3109656 DOI: 10.4061/2011/312341] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2010] [Revised: 01/31/2011] [Accepted: 03/27/2011] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a neurodegenerative disorder whose clinical onset is mainly characterized by memory loss. During AD progression, behavioral and psychological symptoms of dementia (BPSD) frequently occur. In this paper we evaluated the association between AD and the short/long (S/L) functional polymorphism of the promoter region of the 5-hydroxytryptamine (5-HT) transporter gene (SLC6A4). The S-allele shows a 2-fold reduced transcriptional rate, causing an imbalance in 5-HT intracellular availability that might in turn trigger behavioral and cognitive alterations. We also genotyped the SLC6A4 promoter functional variant rs25531 (A → G). By comparing the genotypic and allelic frequencies in an Italian population of 235 AD and 207 controls, we found an association between 5-HTTLPR and AD (odds ratio for the L-allele versus the S-allele: 0.74, associated P value = .03), while no difference was found for the rs25531. A meta-analysis of studies in Italy assessing 5-HTTLPR and AD risk gave an estimation of odds ratio for the L-allele versus the S-allele of 0.85 (associated P value = .08). Overall, our findings are not supportive of a large genetic effect of the explored polymorphisms on AD risk.
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Affiliation(s)
- Letizia Polito
- Department of Neuroscience, Mario Negri Institute for Pharmacological Research, 20156 Milan, Italy
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15
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Factors related to disability: Evidence from the “Treviso Longeva (TRELONG) Study”. Arch Gerontol Geriatr 2011; 52:309-16. [DOI: 10.1016/j.archger.2010.05.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2009] [Revised: 05/03/2010] [Accepted: 05/05/2010] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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16
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Gianni D, Li A, Tesco G, McKay KM, Moore J, Raygor K, Rota M, Gwathmey JK, Dec GW, Aretz T, Leri A, Semigran MJ, Anversa P, Macgillivray TE, Tanzi RE, del Monte F. Protein aggregates and novel presenilin gene variants in idiopathic dilated cardiomyopathy. Circulation 2010; 121:1216-26. [PMID: 20194882 DOI: 10.1161/circulationaha.109.879510] [Citation(s) in RCA: 96] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Heart failure is a debilitating condition resulting in severe disability and death. In a subset of cases, clustered as idiopathic dilated cardiomyopathy (iDCM), the origin of heart failure is unknown. In the brain of patients with dementia, proteinaceous aggregates and abnormal oligomeric assemblies of beta-amyloid impair cell function and lead to cell death. METHODS AND RESULTS We have similarly characterized fibrillar and oligomeric assemblies in the hearts of iDCM patients, pointing to abnormal protein aggregation as a determinant of iDCM. We also showed that oligomers alter myocyte Ca(2+) homeostasis. Additionally, we have identified 2 new sequence variants in the presenilin-1 (PSEN1) gene promoter leading to reduced gene and protein expression. We also show that presenilin-1 coimmunoprecipitates with SERCA2a. CONCLUSIONS On the basis of these findings, we propose that 2 mechanisms may link protein aggregation and cardiac function: oligomer-induced changes on Ca(2+) handling and a direct effect of PSEN1 sequence variants on excitation-contraction coupling protein function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Davide Gianni
- Cardiovascular Institute, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Boston, MA 02125, USA
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Variations in the neuropathology of familial Alzheimer's disease. Acta Neuropathol 2009; 118:37-52. [PMID: 19306098 DOI: 10.1007/s00401-009-0521-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 91] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2008] [Revised: 03/10/2009] [Accepted: 03/11/2009] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
Mutations in the amyloid precursor protein (APP), presenilin 1 (PSEN1) and presenilin 2 (PSEN2) genes cause autosomal dominant familial Alzheimer's disease (AD). PSEN1 and PSEN2 are essential components of the gamma-secretase complex, which cleaves APP to affect Abeta processing. Disruptions in Abeta processing have been hypothesised to be the major cause of AD (the amyloid cascade hypothesis). These genetic cases exhibit all the classic hallmark pathologies of AD including neuritic plaques, neurofibrillary tangles (NFT), tissue atrophy, neuronal loss and inflammation, often in significantly enhanced quantities. In particular, these cases have average greater hippocampal atrophy and NFT, more significant cortical Abeta42 plaque deposition and more substantial inflammation. Enhanced cerebral Abeta40 angiopathy is a feature of many cases, but particularly those with APP mutations where it can be the dominant pathology. Additional frontotemporal neuronal loss in association with increased tau pathology appears unique to PSEN mutations, with mutations in exons 8 and 9 having enlarged cotton wool plaques throughout their cortex. The mechanisms driving these pathological differences in AD are discussed.
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18
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Bernardi L, Tomaino C, Anfossi M, Gallo M, Geracitano S, Puccio G, Colao R, Frangipane F, Mirabelli M, Smirne N, Maletta RG, Bruni AC. Late onset familial Alzheimer's disease: novel presenilin 2 mutation and PS1 E318G polymorphism. J Neurol 2008; 255:604-6. [PMID: 18350357 DOI: 10.1007/s00415-008-0764-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2007] [Revised: 08/24/2007] [Accepted: 10/02/2007] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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