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Barrett E, Ivey G, Cunningham A, Coffman G, Pemberton T, Lee C, Patra P, Day JB, Lee PHU, Shim JW. Reduced GLP-1R availability in the caudate nucleus with Alzheimer's disease. Front Aging Neurosci 2024; 16:1350239. [PMID: 38915346 PMCID: PMC11194438 DOI: 10.3389/fnagi.2024.1350239] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2023] [Accepted: 05/15/2024] [Indexed: 06/26/2024] Open
Abstract
The glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor (GLP-1R) agonists reduce glycated hemoglobin in patients with type 2 diabetes. Mounting evidence indicates that the potential of GLP-1R agonists, mimicking a 30 amino acid ligand, GLP-1, extends to the treatment of neurodegenerative conditions, with a particular focus on Alzheimer's disease (AD). However, the mechanism that underlies regulation of GLP-1R availability in the brain with AD remains poorly understood. Here, using whole transcriptome RNA-Seq of the human postmortem caudate nucleus with AD and chronic hydrocephalus (CH) in the elderly, we found that GLP-1R and select mRNAs expressed in glucose dysmetabolism and dyslipidemia were significantly altered. Furthermore, we detected human RNA indicating a deficiency in doublecortin (DCX) levels and the presence of ferroptosis in the caudate nucleus impacted by AD. Using the genome data viewer, we assessed mutability of GLP-1R and 39 other genes by two factors associated with high mutation rates in chromosomes of four species. Surprisingly, we identified that nucleotide sizes of GLP-1R transcript exceptionally differed in all four species of humans, chimpanzees, rats, and mice by up to 6-fold. Taken together, the protein network database analysis suggests that reduced GLP-1R in the aged human brain is associated with glucose dysmetabolism, ferroptosis, and reduced DCX+ neurons, that may contribute to AD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emma Barrett
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Marshall University, Huntington, WV, United States
| | - Gabrielle Ivey
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Marshall University, Huntington, WV, United States
| | - Adam Cunningham
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Marshall University, Huntington, WV, United States
| | - Gary Coffman
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Marshall University, Huntington, WV, United States
| | - Tyera Pemberton
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Marshall University, Huntington, WV, United States
| | - Chan Lee
- Department of Anesthesia, Indiana University Health Arnett Hospital, Lafayette, IN, United States
| | - Prabir Patra
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Marshall University, Huntington, WV, United States
| | - James B. Day
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Southcoast Health, Fall River, MA, United States
| | - Peter H. U. Lee
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Cabell Huntington Hospital and Marshall University School of Medicine, Huntington, WV, United States
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Brown University, Providence, RI, United States
| | - Joon W. Shim
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Marshall University, Huntington, WV, United States
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Nelson PT, Fardo DW, Katsumata Y. The MUC6/AP2A2 Locus and Its Relevance to Alzheimer's Disease: A Review. J Neuropathol Exp Neurol 2020; 79:568-584. [PMID: 32357373 PMCID: PMC7241941 DOI: 10.1093/jnen/nlaa024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2019] [Revised: 01/10/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
We recently reported evidence of Alzheimer's disease (AD)-linked genetic variation within the mucin 6 (MUC6) gene on chromosome 11p, nearby the adaptor-related protein complex 2 subunit alpha 2 (AP2A2) gene. This locus has interesting features related to human genomics and clinical research. MUC6 gene variants have been reported to potentially influence viral-including herpesvirus-immunity and the gut microbiome. Within the MUC6 gene is a unique variable number of tandem repeat (VNTR) region. We discovered an association between MUC6 VNTR repeat expansion and AD pathologic severity, particularly tau proteinopathy. Here, we review the relevant literature. The AD-linked VNTR polymorphism may also influence AP2A2 gene expression. AP2A2 encodes a polypeptide component of the adaptor protein complex, AP-2, which is involved in clathrin-coated vesicle function and was previously implicated in AD pathogenesis. To provide background information, we describe some key knowledge gaps in AD genetics research. The "missing/hidden heritability problem" of AD is highlighted. Extensive portions of the human genome, including the MUC6 VNTR, have not been thoroughly evaluated due to limitations of existing high-throughput sequencing technology. We present and discuss additional data, along with cautionary considerations, relevant to the hypothesis that MUC6 repeat expansion influences AD pathogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peter T Nelson
- Sanders-Brown Center on Aging, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky
- Department of Pathology, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky
| | - David W Fardo
- Sanders-Brown Center on Aging, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky
- Department of Biostatistics, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky
| | - Yuriko Katsumata
- Sanders-Brown Center on Aging, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky
- Department of Biostatistics, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky
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Vance E, Gonzalez Murcia JD, Miller JB, Staley L, Crane PK, Mukherjee S, Kauwe JSK. Failure to detect synergy between variants in transferrin and hemochromatosis and Alzheimer's disease in large cohort. Neurobiol Aging 2020; 89:142.e9-142.e12. [PMID: 32143980 DOI: 10.1016/j.neurobiolaging.2020.01.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2019] [Revised: 11/13/2019] [Accepted: 01/28/2020] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
Alzheimer's disease (AD) is the most common cause of dementia and, despite decades of effort, there is no effective treatment. In the last decade, many association studies have identified genetic markers that are associated with AD status. Two of these studies suggest that an epistatic interaction between variants rs1049296 in the transferrin (TF) gene and rs1800562 in the homeostatic iron regulator (HFE) gene, commonly known as hemochromatosis, is in genetic association with AD. TF and HFE are involved in the transport and regulation of iron in the brain, and disrupting these processes exacerbates AD pathology through increased neurodegeneration and oxidative stress. However, by using a significantly larger data set from the Alzheimer's Disease Genetics Consortium, we fail to detect an association between TF rs1049296 or HFE rs1800562 with AD risk (TF rs1049296 p = 0.38 and HFE rs1800562 p = 0.40). In addition, logistic regression with an interaction term and a synergy factor analysis both failed to detect epistasis between TF rs1049296 and HFE rs1800562 (SF = 0.94; p = 0.48) in AD cases. Each of these analyses had sufficient statistical power (power > 0.99), suggesting that previously reported associations may be the result of more complex epistatic interactions, genetic heterogeneity, or false-positive associations because of limited sample sizes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elizabeth Vance
- Department of Biology, Brigham Young University, Provo, UT, USA
| | | | - Justin B Miller
- Department of Biology, Brigham Young University, Provo, UT, USA
| | | | - Lyndsay Staley
- Department of Biology, Brigham Young University, Provo, UT, USA
| | - Paul K Crane
- Department of Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
| | | | - John S K Kauwe
- Department of Biology, Brigham Young University, Provo, UT, USA.
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Genetic data and cognitively defined late-onset Alzheimer's disease subgroups. Mol Psychiatry 2020; 25:2942-2951. [PMID: 30514930 PMCID: PMC6548676 DOI: 10.1038/s41380-018-0298-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2018] [Revised: 08/28/2018] [Accepted: 10/22/2018] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
Categorizing people with late-onset Alzheimer's disease into biologically coherent subgroups is important for personalized medicine. We evaluated data from five studies (total n = 4050, of whom 2431 had genome-wide single-nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) data). We assigned people to cognitively defined subgroups on the basis of relative performance in memory, executive functioning, visuospatial functioning, and language at the time of Alzheimer's disease diagnosis. We compared genotype frequencies for each subgroup to those from cognitively normal elderly controls. We focused on APOE and on SNPs with p < 10-5 and odds ratios more extreme than those previously reported for Alzheimer's disease (<0.77 or >1.30). There was substantial variation across studies in the proportions of people in each subgroup. In each study, higher proportions of people with isolated substantial relative memory impairment had ≥1 APOE ε4 allele than any other subgroup (overall p = 1.5 × 10-27). Across subgroups, there were 33 novel suggestive loci across the genome with p < 10-5 and an extreme OR compared to controls, of which none had statistical evidence of heterogeneity and 30 had ORs in the same direction across all datasets. These data support the biological coherence of cognitively defined subgroups and nominate novel genetic loci.
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Scheltens NME, Tijms BM, Heymans MW, Rabinovici GD, Cohn-Sheehy BI, Miller BL, Kramer JH, Wolfsgruber S, Wagner M, Kornhuber J, Peters O, Scheltens P, van der Flier WM. Prominent Non-Memory Deficits in Alzheimer's Disease Are Associated with Faster Disease Progression. J Alzheimers Dis 2019; 65:1029-1039. [PMID: 30103316 DOI: 10.3233/jad-171088] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a heterogeneous disorder. OBJECTIVE To investigate whether cognitive AD subtypes are associated with different rates of disease progression. METHODS We included 1,066 probable AD patients from the Amsterdam Dementia Cohort (n = 290), Alzheimer's Disease Neuroimaging Initiative (n = 268), Dementia Competence Network (n = 226), and University of California, San Francisco (n = 282) with available follow-up data. Patients were previously clustered into two subtypes based on their neuropsychological test results: one with most prominent memory impairment (n = 663) and one with most prominent non-memory impairment (n = 403). We examined associations between cognitive subtype and disease progression, as measured with repeated Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE) and Clinical Dementia Rating scale sum of boxes (CDR sob), using linear mixed models. Furthermore, we investigated mortality risk associated with subtypes using Cox proportional hazard analyses. RESULTS Patients were 71±9 years old; 541 (51%) were female. At baseline, pooled non-memory patients had worse MMSE scores (23.1±0.1) and slightly worse CDR sob (4.4±0.1) than memory patients (MMSE 24.0±0.1; p < 0.001; CDR sob 4.1±0.1; p < 0.001). During follow-up, pooled non-memory patients showed steeper annual decline in MMSE (-2.8±0.1) and steeper annual increase in CDR sob (1.8±0.1) than memory patients (MMSE - 1.9±0.1; pinteraction<0.001; CDR sob 1.3±0.1; pinteraction<0.001). Furthermore, the non-memory subtype was associated with an increased risk of mortality compared with the memory subtype at trend level (HR = 1.36, CI = 1.00-1.85, p = 0.05). CONCLUSIONS AD patients with most prominently non-memory impairment show faster disease progression and higher risk of mortality than patients with most prominently memory impairment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nienke M E Scheltens
- Alzheimer Center Amsterdam, Department of Neurology, Amsterdam Neuroscience, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam UMC, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Betty M Tijms
- Alzheimer Center Amsterdam, Department of Neurology, Amsterdam Neuroscience, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam UMC, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Martijn W Heymans
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Amsterdam Neuroscience, Amsterdam UMC, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Gil D Rabinovici
- Memory and Aging Center, Department of Neurology, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Brendan I Cohn-Sheehy
- Memory and Aging Center, Department of Neurology, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Bruce L Miller
- Memory and Aging Center, Department of Neurology, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Joel H Kramer
- Memory and Aging Center, Department of Neurology, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Steffen Wolfsgruber
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany, and German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases, Bonn, Germany
| | - Michael Wagner
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany, and German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases, Bonn, Germany
| | - Johannes Kornhuber
- Department of Psychiatry, Friedrich-Alexander-University Erlangen, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Oliver Peters
- Department of Psychiatry, Charité Berlin, Campus Benjamin Franklin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Philip Scheltens
- Alzheimer Center Amsterdam, Department of Neurology, Amsterdam Neuroscience, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam UMC, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Wiesje M van der Flier
- Alzheimer Center Amsterdam, Department of Neurology, Amsterdam Neuroscience, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam UMC, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.,Alzheimer Center Amsterdam, Department of Neurology, Amsterdam Neuroscience, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam UMC, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
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Logue MW, Panizzon MS, Elman JA, Gillespie NA, Hatton SN, Gustavson DE, Andreassen OA, Dale AM, Franz CE, Lyons MJ, Neale MC, Reynolds CA, Tu X, Kremen WS. Use of an Alzheimer's disease polygenic risk score to identify mild cognitive impairment in adults in their 50s. Mol Psychiatry 2019; 24:421-430. [PMID: 29487403 PMCID: PMC6110977 DOI: 10.1038/s41380-018-0030-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 70] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2017] [Revised: 11/02/2017] [Accepted: 11/21/2017] [Indexed: 01/30/2023]
Abstract
Early identification of younger, non-demented adults at elevated risk for Alzheimer's disease (AD) is crucial because the pathological process begins decades before dementia onset. Toward that end, we showed that an AD polygenic risk score (PRS) could identify mild cognitive impairment (MCI) in adults who were only in their 50s. Participants were 1176 white, non-Hispanic community-dwelling men of European ancestry in the Vietnam Era Twin Study of Aging (VETSA): 7% with amnestic MCI (aMCI); 4% with non-amnestic MCI (naMCI). Mean age was 56 years, with 89% <60 years old. Diagnosis was based on the Jak-Bondi actuarial/neuropsychological approach. We tested six P-value thresholds (0.05-0.50) for single nucleotide polymorphisms included in the ADPRS. After controlling for non-independence of twins and non-MCI factors that can affect cognition, higher PRSs were associated with significantly greater odds of having aMCI than being cognitively normal (odds ratios (ORs) = 1.36-1.43 for thresholds P < 0.20-0.50). The highest OR for the upper vs. lower quartile of the ADPRS distribution was 3.22. ORs remained significant after accounting for APOE-related SNPs from the ADPRS or directly genotyped APOE. Diabetes was associated with significantly increased odds of having naMCI (ORs = 3.10-3.41 for thresholds P < 0.05-0.50), consistent with naMCI having more vascular/inflammation components than aMCI. Analysis of sensitivity, specificity, and negative and positive predictive values supported some potential of ADPRSs for selecting participants in clinical trials aimed at early intervention. With participants 15+ years younger than most MCI samples, these findings are promising with regard to efforts to more effectively treat or slow AD progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mark W. Logue
- Research Service, VA Boston Healthcare System, Boston, MA, USA,Biomedical Genetics, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA, USA,Department of Biostatistics, Boston University School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Matthew S. Panizzon
- Department of Psychiatry, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA,Center for Behavior Genetics of Aging, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Jeremy A. Elman
- Department of Psychiatry, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA,Center for Behavior Genetics of Aging, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Nathan A. Gillespie
- Virginia Institute for Psychiatric and Behavior Genetics, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA, USA
| | - Sean N. Hatton
- Department of Psychiatry, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA,Center for Behavior Genetics of Aging, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Daniel E. Gustavson
- Department of Psychiatry, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA,Center for Behavior Genetics of Aging, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Ole A. Andreassen
- NORMENT, KG Jebsen Centre for Psychosis Research, Institute of Clinical Medicine University of Oslo Oslo, Norway,Division of Mental Health and Addiction Oslo University Hospital Oslo, Norway
| | - Anders M. Dale
- Department of Psychiatry, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA,Center for Behavior Genetics of Aging, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA,Department of Radiology, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA,Department of Neurosciences, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Carol E. Franz
- Department of Psychiatry, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA,Center for Behavior Genetics of Aging, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Michael J. Lyons
- Department of Psychological and Brain Sciences, Boston University, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Michael C. Neale
- Virginia Institute for Psychiatric and Behavior Genetics, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA, USA
| | - Chandra A. Reynolds
- Department of Psychology, University of California, Riverside, Riverside, CA, USA
| | - Xin Tu
- Department of Family Medicine and Public Health, VA San Diego Healthcare System, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - William S. Kremen
- Department of Psychiatry, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA,Center for Behavior Genetics of Aging, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA,Center of Excellence for Stress and Mental Health, VA San Diego Healthcare System, La Jolla, CA, USA
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7
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Veitch DP, Weiner MW, Aisen PS, Beckett LA, Cairns NJ, Green RC, Harvey D, Jack CR, Jagust W, Morris JC, Petersen RC, Saykin AJ, Shaw LM, Toga AW, Trojanowski JQ. Understanding disease progression and improving Alzheimer's disease clinical trials: Recent highlights from the Alzheimer's Disease Neuroimaging Initiative. Alzheimers Dement 2018; 15:106-152. [PMID: 30321505 DOI: 10.1016/j.jalz.2018.08.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 231] [Impact Index Per Article: 38.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2018] [Accepted: 08/21/2018] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION The overall goal of the Alzheimer's Disease Neuroimaging Initiative (ADNI) is to validate biomarkers for Alzheimer's disease (AD) clinical trials. ADNI is a multisite, longitudinal, observational study that has collected many biomarkers since 2004. Recent publications highlight the multifactorial nature of late-onset AD. We discuss selected topics that provide insights into AD progression and outline how this knowledge may improve clinical trials. METHODS We used standard methods to identify nearly 600 publications using ADNI data from 2016 and 2017 (listed in Supplementary Material and searchable at http://adni.loni.usc.edu/news-publications/publications/). RESULTS (1) Data-driven AD progression models supported multifactorial interactions rather than a linear cascade of events. (2) β-Amyloid (Aβ) deposition occurred concurrently with functional connectivity changes within the default mode network in preclinical subjects and was followed by specific and progressive disconnection of functional and anatomical networks. (3) Changes in functional connectivity, volumetric measures, regional hypometabolism, and cognition were detectable at subthreshold levels of Aβ deposition. 4. Tau positron emission tomography imaging studies detailed a specific temporal and spatial pattern of tau pathology dependent on prior Aβ deposition, and related to subsequent cognitive decline. 5. Clustering studies using a wide range of modalities consistently identified a "typical AD" subgroup and a second subgroup characterized by executive impairment and widespread cortical atrophy in preclinical and prodromal subjects. 6. Vascular pathology burden may act through both Aβ dependent and independent mechanisms to exacerbate AD progression. 7. The APOE ε4 allele interacted with cerebrovascular disease to impede Aβ clearance mechanisms. 8. Genetic approaches identified novel genetic risk factors involving a wide range of processes, and demonstrated shared genetic risk for AD and vascular disorders, as well as the temporal and regional pathological associations of established AD risk alleles. 9. Knowledge of early pathological changes guided the development of novel prognostic biomarkers for preclinical subjects. 10. Placebo populations of randomized controlled clinical trials had highly variable trajectories of cognitive change, underscoring the importance of subject selection and monitoring. 11. Selection criteria based on Aβ positivity, hippocampal volume, baseline cognitive/functional measures, and APOE ε4 status in combination with improved cognitive outcome measures were projected to decrease clinical trial duration and cost. 12. Multiple concurrent therapies targeting vascular health and other AD pathology in addition to Aβ may be more effective than single therapies. DISCUSSION ADNI publications from 2016 and 2017 supported the idea of AD as a multifactorial disease and provided insights into the complexities of AD disease progression. These findings guided the development of novel biomarkers and suggested that subject selection on the basis of multiple factors may lower AD clinical trial costs and duration. The use of multiple concurrent therapies in these trials may prove more effective in reversing AD disease progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dallas P Veitch
- Department of Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Center for Imaging of Neurodegenerative Diseases, San Francisco, CA, USA; Northern California Institute for Research and Education (NCIRE), Department of Veterans Affairs Medical Center, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Michael W Weiner
- Department of Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Center for Imaging of Neurodegenerative Diseases, San Francisco, CA, USA; Department of Radiology, University of California, San Francisco, CA, USA; Department of Medicine, University of California, San Francisco, CA, USA; Department of Psychiatry, University of California, San Francisco, CA, USA; Department of Neurology, University of California, San Francisco, CA, USA.
| | - Paul S Aisen
- Alzheimer's Therapeutic Research Institute, University of Southern California, San Diego, CA, USA
| | - Laurel A Beckett
- Division of Biostatistics, Department of Public Health Sciences, University of California, Davis, CA, USA
| | - Nigel J Cairns
- Knight Alzheimer's Disease Research Center, Washington University School of Medicine, Saint Louis, MO, USA; Department of Neurology, Washington University School of Medicine, Saint Louis, MO, USA
| | - Robert C Green
- Division of Genetics, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Danielle Harvey
- Division of Biostatistics, Department of Public Health Sciences, University of California, Davis, CA, USA
| | | | - William Jagust
- Helen Wills Neuroscience Institute, University of California Berkeley, Berkeley, CA, USA
| | - John C Morris
- Knight Alzheimer's Disease Research Center, Washington University School of Medicine, Saint Louis, MO, USA
| | | | - Andrew J Saykin
- Department of Radiology and Imaging Sciences, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, USA; Department of Medical and Molecular Genetics, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, USA
| | - Leslie M Shaw
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Arthur W Toga
- Laboratory of Neuroimaging, Institute of Neuroimaging and Informatics, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - John Q Trojanowski
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA; Institute on Aging, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA; Alzheimer's Disease Core Center, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA; Udall Parkinson's Research Center, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
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8
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Headley A, De Leon-Benedetti A, Dong C, Levin B, Loewenstein D, Camargo C, Rundek T, Zetterberg H, Blennow K, Wright CB, Sun X. Neurogranin as a predictor of memory and executive function decline in MCI patients. Neurology 2018; 90:e887-e895. [PMID: 29429972 DOI: 10.1212/wnl.0000000000005057] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2017] [Accepted: 12/05/2017] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To determine whether high CSF levels of neurogranin (Ng) predict longitudinal decline in memory and executive function during early-stage Alzheimer disease (AD). METHODS Baseline levels of CSF Ng were studied in relation to cross-sectional and longitudinal cognitive performance over 8 years. Data were obtained from the Alzheimer's Disease Neuroimaging Initiative database, and participants with normal cognition (n = 111) and mild cognitive impairment (MCI) (n = 193) were included. RESULTS High levels of CSF Ng were associated with poor baseline memory scores (β = -0.21, p < 0.0001). CSF Ng predicted both memory and executive function decline over time (β = -0.0313, p = 0.0068 and β = -0.0346, p = 0.0169, respectively) independently of age, sex, education, and APOE ε4 status. When the rate of decline by tertiles was examined, CSF Ng was a level-dependent predictor of memory function, whereby the group with highest levels of Ng showed the fastest rates of decline in both memory and executive function. When examined separately, elevated Ng was associated with cognitive decline in participants with MCI but not in those with normal cognition. The levels of CSF Ng were not associated with cognitive measures when tau and amyloid 42 (Aβ42) were controlled for in these analyses. CONCLUSIONS High CSF Ng associates with poor memory scores in participants with MCI cross-sectionally and with poor memory and executive function longitudinally. The association of Ng with cognitive measures disappears when tau and Aβ42 are included in the statistical models. Our findings suggest that CSF Ng may serve as a biomarker of cognition. Synaptic dysfunction contributes to cognitive impairment in early-stage AD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alison Headley
- From the Department of Neuroscience (A.H.), University of California San Diego, La Jolla; Department of Neurology (A.D.L.-B., C.D., B.L., C.C., T.R., X.S.), Evelyn F. McKnight Brain Institute (B.L., C.C., T.R., X.S.), and Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences (D.L.), University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, FL; Department of Psychiatry and Neurochemistry (H.Z., K.B.), Institute of Neuroscience and Physiology, Sahlgrenska Academy at the University Gothenburg, Molndal, Sweden; Department of Molecular Neuroscience (H.Z.), UCL Institute of Neurology, Queen Square; UK Dementia Research Institute (H.Z.), London; and National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke (C.B.W.), Bethesda, MD
| | - Andres De Leon-Benedetti
- From the Department of Neuroscience (A.H.), University of California San Diego, La Jolla; Department of Neurology (A.D.L.-B., C.D., B.L., C.C., T.R., X.S.), Evelyn F. McKnight Brain Institute (B.L., C.C., T.R., X.S.), and Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences (D.L.), University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, FL; Department of Psychiatry and Neurochemistry (H.Z., K.B.), Institute of Neuroscience and Physiology, Sahlgrenska Academy at the University Gothenburg, Molndal, Sweden; Department of Molecular Neuroscience (H.Z.), UCL Institute of Neurology, Queen Square; UK Dementia Research Institute (H.Z.), London; and National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke (C.B.W.), Bethesda, MD
| | - Chuanhui Dong
- From the Department of Neuroscience (A.H.), University of California San Diego, La Jolla; Department of Neurology (A.D.L.-B., C.D., B.L., C.C., T.R., X.S.), Evelyn F. McKnight Brain Institute (B.L., C.C., T.R., X.S.), and Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences (D.L.), University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, FL; Department of Psychiatry and Neurochemistry (H.Z., K.B.), Institute of Neuroscience and Physiology, Sahlgrenska Academy at the University Gothenburg, Molndal, Sweden; Department of Molecular Neuroscience (H.Z.), UCL Institute of Neurology, Queen Square; UK Dementia Research Institute (H.Z.), London; and National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke (C.B.W.), Bethesda, MD
| | - Bonnie Levin
- From the Department of Neuroscience (A.H.), University of California San Diego, La Jolla; Department of Neurology (A.D.L.-B., C.D., B.L., C.C., T.R., X.S.), Evelyn F. McKnight Brain Institute (B.L., C.C., T.R., X.S.), and Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences (D.L.), University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, FL; Department of Psychiatry and Neurochemistry (H.Z., K.B.), Institute of Neuroscience and Physiology, Sahlgrenska Academy at the University Gothenburg, Molndal, Sweden; Department of Molecular Neuroscience (H.Z.), UCL Institute of Neurology, Queen Square; UK Dementia Research Institute (H.Z.), London; and National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke (C.B.W.), Bethesda, MD
| | - David Loewenstein
- From the Department of Neuroscience (A.H.), University of California San Diego, La Jolla; Department of Neurology (A.D.L.-B., C.D., B.L., C.C., T.R., X.S.), Evelyn F. McKnight Brain Institute (B.L., C.C., T.R., X.S.), and Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences (D.L.), University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, FL; Department of Psychiatry and Neurochemistry (H.Z., K.B.), Institute of Neuroscience and Physiology, Sahlgrenska Academy at the University Gothenburg, Molndal, Sweden; Department of Molecular Neuroscience (H.Z.), UCL Institute of Neurology, Queen Square; UK Dementia Research Institute (H.Z.), London; and National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke (C.B.W.), Bethesda, MD
| | - Christian Camargo
- From the Department of Neuroscience (A.H.), University of California San Diego, La Jolla; Department of Neurology (A.D.L.-B., C.D., B.L., C.C., T.R., X.S.), Evelyn F. McKnight Brain Institute (B.L., C.C., T.R., X.S.), and Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences (D.L.), University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, FL; Department of Psychiatry and Neurochemistry (H.Z., K.B.), Institute of Neuroscience and Physiology, Sahlgrenska Academy at the University Gothenburg, Molndal, Sweden; Department of Molecular Neuroscience (H.Z.), UCL Institute of Neurology, Queen Square; UK Dementia Research Institute (H.Z.), London; and National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke (C.B.W.), Bethesda, MD
| | - Tatjana Rundek
- From the Department of Neuroscience (A.H.), University of California San Diego, La Jolla; Department of Neurology (A.D.L.-B., C.D., B.L., C.C., T.R., X.S.), Evelyn F. McKnight Brain Institute (B.L., C.C., T.R., X.S.), and Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences (D.L.), University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, FL; Department of Psychiatry and Neurochemistry (H.Z., K.B.), Institute of Neuroscience and Physiology, Sahlgrenska Academy at the University Gothenburg, Molndal, Sweden; Department of Molecular Neuroscience (H.Z.), UCL Institute of Neurology, Queen Square; UK Dementia Research Institute (H.Z.), London; and National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke (C.B.W.), Bethesda, MD
| | - Henrik Zetterberg
- From the Department of Neuroscience (A.H.), University of California San Diego, La Jolla; Department of Neurology (A.D.L.-B., C.D., B.L., C.C., T.R., X.S.), Evelyn F. McKnight Brain Institute (B.L., C.C., T.R., X.S.), and Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences (D.L.), University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, FL; Department of Psychiatry and Neurochemistry (H.Z., K.B.), Institute of Neuroscience and Physiology, Sahlgrenska Academy at the University Gothenburg, Molndal, Sweden; Department of Molecular Neuroscience (H.Z.), UCL Institute of Neurology, Queen Square; UK Dementia Research Institute (H.Z.), London; and National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke (C.B.W.), Bethesda, MD
| | - Kaj Blennow
- From the Department of Neuroscience (A.H.), University of California San Diego, La Jolla; Department of Neurology (A.D.L.-B., C.D., B.L., C.C., T.R., X.S.), Evelyn F. McKnight Brain Institute (B.L., C.C., T.R., X.S.), and Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences (D.L.), University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, FL; Department of Psychiatry and Neurochemistry (H.Z., K.B.), Institute of Neuroscience and Physiology, Sahlgrenska Academy at the University Gothenburg, Molndal, Sweden; Department of Molecular Neuroscience (H.Z.), UCL Institute of Neurology, Queen Square; UK Dementia Research Institute (H.Z.), London; and National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke (C.B.W.), Bethesda, MD
| | - Clinton B Wright
- From the Department of Neuroscience (A.H.), University of California San Diego, La Jolla; Department of Neurology (A.D.L.-B., C.D., B.L., C.C., T.R., X.S.), Evelyn F. McKnight Brain Institute (B.L., C.C., T.R., X.S.), and Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences (D.L.), University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, FL; Department of Psychiatry and Neurochemistry (H.Z., K.B.), Institute of Neuroscience and Physiology, Sahlgrenska Academy at the University Gothenburg, Molndal, Sweden; Department of Molecular Neuroscience (H.Z.), UCL Institute of Neurology, Queen Square; UK Dementia Research Institute (H.Z.), London; and National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke (C.B.W.), Bethesda, MD
| | - Xiaoyan Sun
- From the Department of Neuroscience (A.H.), University of California San Diego, La Jolla; Department of Neurology (A.D.L.-B., C.D., B.L., C.C., T.R., X.S.), Evelyn F. McKnight Brain Institute (B.L., C.C., T.R., X.S.), and Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences (D.L.), University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, FL; Department of Psychiatry and Neurochemistry (H.Z., K.B.), Institute of Neuroscience and Physiology, Sahlgrenska Academy at the University Gothenburg, Molndal, Sweden; Department of Molecular Neuroscience (H.Z.), UCL Institute of Neurology, Queen Square; UK Dementia Research Institute (H.Z.), London; and National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke (C.B.W.), Bethesda, MD.
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Bergeron D, Poulin S, Laforce R. Cognition and anatomy of adult Niemann-Pick disease type C: Insights for the Alzheimer field. Cogn Neuropsychol 2017; 35:209-222. [PMID: 28662611 DOI: 10.1080/02643294.2017.1340264] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
Abstract
Niemann-Pick disease type C (NPC) is a rare lysosomal storage disorder causing an intracellular lipid trafficking defect and varying damage to the spleen, liver, and central nervous system. The adult form, representing approximately 20% of the cases, is associated with progressive cognitive decline. Intriguingly, brains of adult NPC patients exhibit neurofibrillary tangles, a characteristic hallmark of Alzheimer's disease (AD). However, the cognitive, psychiatric, and neuropathological features of adult NPC and their relation to AD have yet to be explored. We systematically reviewed the literature on adult NPC with a particular focus on cognitive and neuroanatomical abnormalities. The careful study of cognition in adult NPC allows drawing critical insights in our understanding of the pathophysiology of AD as well as normal cognition.
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Affiliation(s)
- David Bergeron
- a Clinique Interdisciplinaire de Mémoire, Département des Sciences Neurologiques , CHU de Québec , Quebec City , Quebec , Canada.,b Faculté de Médecine , Université Laval , Quebec City , Quebec , Canada
| | - Stéphane Poulin
- a Clinique Interdisciplinaire de Mémoire, Département des Sciences Neurologiques , CHU de Québec , Quebec City , Quebec , Canada.,b Faculté de Médecine , Université Laval , Quebec City , Quebec , Canada
| | - Robert Laforce
- a Clinique Interdisciplinaire de Mémoire, Département des Sciences Neurologiques , CHU de Québec , Quebec City , Quebec , Canada.,b Faculté de Médecine , Université Laval , Quebec City , Quebec , Canada
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