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Zeri F, Di Vizio A, Lucia S, Berchicci M, Bianco V, Pitzalis S, Tavazzi S, Naroo SA, Di Russo F. Cortical dynamics in visual areas induced by the first use of multifocal contact lenses in presbyopes. Cont Lens Anterior Eye 2024; 47:102137. [PMID: 38485618 DOI: 10.1016/j.clae.2024.102137] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/15/2023] [Revised: 01/19/2024] [Accepted: 03/06/2024] [Indexed: 05/20/2024]
Abstract
A common non-spectacle strategy to correct presbyopia is to provide simultaneous images with multifocal optical designs. Understanding the neuroadaptation mechanisms behind multifocal devices usage would have important clinical implications, such as predicting whether patients will be able to tolerate multifocal optics. The aim of this study was to evaluate the brain correlates during the initial wear of multifocal contact lenses (CLs) using high-density visual evoked potential (VEP) measures. Fifteen presbyopes (mean age 51.8 ± 2.6 years) who had previously not used multifocal CLs were enrolled. VEP measures were achieved while participants looked at arrays of 0.5 logMAR Sloan letters in three different optical conditions arranged with CLs: monofocal condition with the optical power appropriate for the distance viewing; multifocal correction with medium addition; and multifocal correction with low addition. An ANOVA for repeated measures showed that the amplitude of the C1 and N1 components significantly dropped with both multifocal low and medium addition CL conditions compared to monofocal CLs. The P1 and P2 components showed opposite behavior with an increase in amplitudes for multifocal compared to monofocal conditions. VEP data indicated that multifocal presbyopia corrections produce a loss of feedforward activity in the primary visual cortex that is compensated by extra feedback activity in extrastriate areas only, in both early and late visual processing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fabrizio Zeri
- Department of Materials Science. University of Milano-Bicocca, Milan, Italy; COMiB Research Centre in Optics and Optometry. University of Milano-Bicocca, Milan, Italy; College of Health and Life Sciences. Aston University, Birmingham, UK.
| | - Assunta Di Vizio
- COMiB Research Centre in Optics and Optometry. University of Milano-Bicocca, Milan, Italy; Department of Science, Roma Tre University, Rome, Italy
| | - Stefania Lucia
- Department of Movement, Human and Health Sciences, University of Rome "Foro Italico", Rome, Italy
| | - Marika Berchicci
- Department of Movement, Human and Health Sciences, University of Rome "Foro Italico", Rome, Italy; Department of Psychological, Humanistic and Territorial Sciences, University "G. d'Annunzio", Chieti-Pescara, Italy
| | - Valentina Bianco
- Department of Movement, Human and Health Sciences, University of Rome "Foro Italico", Rome, Italy; Department of Brain and Behavioral Sciences, University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy
| | - Sabrina Pitzalis
- Department of Movement, Human and Health Sciences, University of Rome "Foro Italico", Rome, Italy; IRCCS Santa Lucia Foundation Rome, Italy
| | - Silvia Tavazzi
- Department of Materials Science. University of Milano-Bicocca, Milan, Italy; COMiB Research Centre in Optics and Optometry. University of Milano-Bicocca, Milan, Italy
| | - Shehzad A Naroo
- College of Health and Life Sciences. Aston University, Birmingham, UK
| | - Francesco Di Russo
- Department of Movement, Human and Health Sciences, University of Rome "Foro Italico", Rome, Italy; IRCCS Santa Lucia Foundation Rome, Italy
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2
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Aydin M, Lucia S, Casella A, Di Bello B, Di Russo F. Bayesian interpretation of the prefrontal P2 ERP component based on stimulus/response mapping uncertainty. Int J Psychophysiol 2024; 199:112337. [PMID: 38537889 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpsycho.2024.112337] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/26/2023] [Revised: 02/22/2024] [Accepted: 03/19/2024] [Indexed: 04/21/2024]
Abstract
The brain can be seen as a predictive system continuously computing prior information to guess posterior probabilities minimizing sources of uncertainty. To test this Bayesian view of the brain, event-related potentials (ERP) methods have been used focusing on the well-known P3 component, traditionally associated with decision-making processes and sources of uncertainty regarding target probability. Another ERP component linked with decision-making is the prefrontal P2 (pP2) component, which has never been considered within the Bayesian framework. To test which source of uncertainty could be associated with the pP2, uncertainty induced by target probability and stimulus-response (S/R) mapping were modulated in three visuomotor tasks. Results showed that the pP2 had the largest amplitude in the task with the largest uncertainty regarding the S/R mapping and degraded as the S/R mapping became more predictable. The P3 was maximal in the tasks with larger uncertainty regarding the target probability. While we confirmed the P3 association with target probability, we extended our knowledge on the pP2 associating it with S/R mapping uncertainty. This component, which has been previously localized within the anterior insular cortex, may minimize S/R mapping uncertainty allowing response-related evidence accumulation and comparing current events with internal representations to extract action-related probabilities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Merve Aydin
- Dept. of Movement, Human and Health Sciences, University of Rome "Foro Italico", 00135 Rome, Italy.
| | - Stefania Lucia
- Dept. of Movement, Human and Health Sciences, University of Rome "Foro Italico", 00135 Rome, Italy
| | - Andrea Casella
- Dept. of Movement, Human and Health Sciences, University of Rome "Foro Italico", 00135 Rome, Italy
| | - BiancaMaria Di Bello
- Dept. of Movement, Human and Health Sciences, University of Rome "Foro Italico", 00135 Rome, Italy
| | - Francesco Di Russo
- Dept. of Movement, Human and Health Sciences, University of Rome "Foro Italico", 00135 Rome, Italy; Santa Lucia Foundation IRCCS, 00179 Rome, Italy
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3
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Ghin F, Eggert E, Gholamipourbarogh N, Talebi N, Beste C. Response stopping under conflict: The integrative role of representational dynamics associated with the insular cortex. Hum Brain Mapp 2024; 45:e26643. [PMID: 38664992 PMCID: PMC11046082 DOI: 10.1002/hbm.26643] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2023] [Revised: 02/02/2024] [Accepted: 02/18/2024] [Indexed: 04/29/2024] Open
Abstract
Coping with distracting inputs during goal-directed behavior is a common challenge, especially when stopping ongoing responses. The neural basis for this remains debated. Our study explores this using a conflict-modulation Stop Signal task, integrating group independent component analysis (group-ICA), multivariate pattern analysis (MVPA), and EEG source localization analysis. Consistent with previous findings, we show that stopping performance is better in congruent (nonconflicting) trials than in incongruent (conflicting) trials. Conflict effects in incongruent trials compromise stopping more due to the need for the reconfiguration of stimulus-response (S-R) mappings. These cognitive dynamics are reflected by four independent neural activity patterns (ICA), each coding representational content (MVPA). It is shown that each component was equally important in predicting behavioral outcomes. The data support an emerging idea that perception-action integration in action-stopping involves multiple independent neural activity patterns. One pattern relates to the precuneus (BA 7) and is involved in attention and early S-R processes. Of note, three other independent neural activity patterns were associated with the insular cortex (BA13) in distinct time windows. These patterns reflect a role in early attentional selection but also show the reiterated processing of representational content relevant for stopping in different S-R mapping contexts. Moreover, the insular cortex's role in automatic versus complex response selection in relation to stopping processes is shown. Overall, the insular cortex is depicted as a brain hub, crucial for response selection and cancellation across both straightforward (automatic) and complex (conditional) S-R mappings, providing a neural basis for general cognitive accounts on action control.
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Affiliation(s)
- Filippo Ghin
- Cognitive Neurophysiology, Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Faculty of MedicineTU DresdenDresdenGermany
| | - Elena Eggert
- Cognitive Neurophysiology, Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Faculty of MedicineTU DresdenDresdenGermany
| | - Negin Gholamipourbarogh
- Cognitive Neurophysiology, Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Faculty of MedicineTU DresdenDresdenGermany
| | - Nasibeh Talebi
- Cognitive Neurophysiology, Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Faculty of MedicineTU DresdenDresdenGermany
| | - Christian Beste
- Cognitive Neurophysiology, Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Faculty of MedicineTU DresdenDresdenGermany
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4
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Geissler CF, Schöpper LM, Engesser AF, Beste C, Münchau A, Frings C. Turning the Light Switch on Binding: Prefrontal Activity for Binding and Retrieval in Action Control. J Cogn Neurosci 2024; 36:95-106. [PMID: 37847814 DOI: 10.1162/jocn_a_02071] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2023]
Abstract
According to action control theories, responding to a stimulus leads to the binding of response and stimulus features into a common representation, that is, an event file. Repeating any component of an event file retrieves all previously bound information, leading to performance costs for partial repetitions measured in so-called binding effects. Although otherwise robust and stable, binding effects are typically completely absent in "localization tasks," in which participants localize targets with spatially compatible responses. Yet, it is possible to observe binding effects in such when location features have to be translated into response features. We hypothesized that this modulation of binding effects is reflected in task involvement of the dorsolateral pFC (DLPFC). Participants localized targets with either direct (i.e., spatially compatible key) or translated (i.e., diagonally opposite to the spatially compatible key) responses. We measured DLPFC activity with functional near-infrared spectroscopy. On the behavioral level, we observed binding effects in the translated response condition, but not in the direct response condition. Importantly, prefrontal activity was also higher in the translated mapping condition. In addition, we found some evidence for the strength of the difference in binding effects in behavioral data being correlated with the corresponding effects in prefrontal activity. This suggests that activity in the DLPFC reflects the amount of executive control needed for translating location features into responses. More generally, binding effects seem to emerge only when the task at hand involves DLPFC recruitment.
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5
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Matsuda Y, Sugawara Y, Akaiwa M, Saito H, Shibata E, Sasaki T, Sugawara K. Event-Related Brain Potentials N140 and P300 during Somatosensory Go/NoGo Tasks Are Modulated by Movement Preparation. Brain Sci 2023; 14:38. [PMID: 38248253 PMCID: PMC10813311 DOI: 10.3390/brainsci14010038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2023] [Revised: 12/21/2023] [Accepted: 12/28/2023] [Indexed: 01/23/2024] Open
Abstract
The Go/NoGo task requires attention and sensory processing to distinguish a motor action cue or 'Go stimulus' from a 'NoGo stimulus' requiring no action, as well as motor preparation for a rapid Go stimulus response. The neural activity mediating these response phases can be examined non-invasively by measuring specific event-related brain potentials (ERPs) using electroencephalography. However, it is critical to determine how different task conditions, such as the relationship between attention site and movement site, influence ERPs and task performance. In this study, we compared attention-associated ERP components N140 and P300, the performance metrics reaction time (RT) and accuracy (%Error) and movement-related cortical potentials (MRCPs) between Go/NoGo task trials in which attention target and movement site were the same (right index finger movement in response to right index finger stimulation) or different (right index finger movement in response to fifth finger stimulation). In other Count trials, participants kept a running count of target stimuli presented but did not initiate a motor response. The N140 amplitudes at electrode site Cz were significantly larger in Movement trials than in Count trials regardless of the stimulation site-movement site condition. In contrast, the P300 amplitude at Cz was significantly smaller in Movement trials than in Count trials. The temporal windows of N140 and P300 overlapped with the MRCP. This superposition may influence N140 and P300 through summation, possibly independent of changes in attentional allocation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuya Matsuda
- Graduate School of Health Sciences, Sapporo Medical University, Sapporo 060-8556, Hokkaido, Japan
| | - Yasushi Sugawara
- Graduate School of Health Sciences, Sapporo Medical University, Sapporo 060-8556, Hokkaido, Japan
| | - Mayu Akaiwa
- Graduate School of Health Sciences, Sapporo Medical University, Sapporo 060-8556, Hokkaido, Japan
| | - Hidekazu Saito
- Department of Occupational Therapy, School of Health Science, Sapporo Medical University, Sapporo 060-8556, Hokkaido, Japan
| | - Eriko Shibata
- Major of Physical Therapy, Department of Rehabilitation, Faculty of Healthcare and Science, Hokkaido Bunkyo University, Eniwa 061-1449, Hokkaido, Japan
| | - Takeshi Sasaki
- Department of Physical Therapy, School of Health Science, Sapporo Medical University, Sapporo 060-8556, Hokkaido, Japan
| | - Kazuhiro Sugawara
- Department of Physical Therapy, School of Health Science, Sapporo Medical University, Sapporo 060-8556, Hokkaido, Japan
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6
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Wilken S, Böttcher A, Adelhöfer N, Raab M, Hoffmann S, Beste C. The neurophysiology of continuous action monitoring. iScience 2023; 26:106939. [PMID: 37332673 PMCID: PMC10275727 DOI: 10.1016/j.isci.2023.106939] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2023] [Revised: 04/28/2023] [Accepted: 05/18/2023] [Indexed: 06/20/2023] Open
Abstract
Monitoring actions is essential for goal-directed behavior. However, as opposed to short-lasting, and regularly reinstating monitoring functions, the neural processes underlying continuous action monitoring are poorly understood. We investigate this using a pursuit-tracking paradigm. We show that beta band activity likely maintains the sensorimotor program, while theta and alpha bands probably support attentional sampling and information gating, respectively. Alpha and beta band activity are most relevant during the initial tracking period, when sensorimotor calibrations are most intense. Theta band shifts from parietal to frontal cortices throughout tracking, likely reflecting a shift in the functional relevance from attentional sampling to action monitoring. This study shows that resource allocation mechanisms in prefrontal areas and stimulus-response mapping processes in the parietal cortex are crucial for adapting sensorimotor processes. It fills a knowledge gap in understanding the neural processes underlying action monitoring and suggests new directions for examining sensorimotor integration in more naturalistic experiments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Saskia Wilken
- General Psychology: Judgment, Decision Making, and Action, Institute of Psychology, University of Hagen, Hagen, Germany
| | - Adriana Böttcher
- Cognitive Neurophysiology, Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine, TU Dresden, Dresden, Germany
- University Neuropsychology Center, Faculty of Medicine, TU Dresden, Dresden, Germany
| | - Nico Adelhöfer
- Cognitive Neurophysiology, Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine, TU Dresden, Dresden, Germany
- Donders Institute of Cognition and Behaviour, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, the Netherlands
| | - Markus Raab
- Performance Psychology, Institute of Psychology, German Sport University Cologne, Cologne, Germany
- School of Applied Sciences, London South Bank University, London, UK
| | - Sven Hoffmann
- General Psychology: Judgment, Decision Making, and Action, Institute of Psychology, University of Hagen, Hagen, Germany
| | - Christian Beste
- Cognitive Neurophysiology, Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine, TU Dresden, Dresden, Germany
- University Neuropsychology Center, Faculty of Medicine, TU Dresden, Dresden, Germany
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7
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Costa S, Berchicci M, Bianco V, Croce P, Di Russo F, Quinzi F, Bertollo M, Zappasodi F. Brain dynamics of visual anticipation during spatial occlusion tasks in expert tennis players. PSYCHOLOGY OF SPORT AND EXERCISE 2023; 65:102335. [PMID: 37665843 DOI: 10.1016/j.psychsport.2022.102335] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2021] [Revised: 10/29/2022] [Accepted: 11/13/2022] [Indexed: 09/06/2023]
Abstract
Stimulus identification and action outcome understanding for a rapid and accurate response selection, play a fundamental role in racquet sports. Here, we investigated the neurodynamics of visual anticipation in tennis manipulating the postural and kinematic information associated with the body of opponents by means of a spatial occlusion protocol. Event Related Potentials (ERPs) were evaluated in two groups of professional tennis players (N = 37) with different levels of expertise, while they observed pictures of opponents and predicted the landing position as fast and accurately as possible. The observed action was manipulated by deleting different body districts of the opponent (legs, ball, racket and arm, trunk). Full body image (no occlusion) was used as control condition. The worst accuracy and the slowest response time were observed in the occlusion of trunk and ball. The former was associated with a reduced amplitude of the ERP components likely linked to body processing (the N1 in the right hemisphere) and visual-motor integration awareness (the pP1), as well as with an increase of the late frontal negativity (the pN2), possibly reflecting an effort by the insula to recover and/or complete the most correct sensory-motor representation. In both occlusions, a decrease in the pP2 may reflect an impairment of decisional processes upon action execution following sensory evidence accumulation. Enhanced amplitude of the P3 and the pN2 components were found in more experienced players, suggesting a greater allocation of resources in the process connecting sensory encoding and response execution, and sensory-motor representation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sergio Costa
- Department of Neurosciences, Imaging and Clinical Sciences, University "Gabriele d'Annunzio" of Chieti-Pescara, Chieti, Italy
| | - Marika Berchicci
- Department of Psychological, Humanistic and Territorial Sciences, University "Gabriele d'Annunzio" of Chieti-Pescara, Chieti, Italy; Department of Movement, Human and Health Sciences, University of Rome "Foro Italico", Rome, Italy
| | - Valentina Bianco
- Laboratory of Cognitive Neuroscience, Department of Languages and Literatures, Communication, Education and Society, University of Udine, Udine, Italy
| | - Pierpaolo Croce
- Department of Neurosciences, Imaging and Clinical Sciences, University "Gabriele d'Annunzio" of Chieti-Pescara, Chieti, Italy; Behavioral Imaging and Neural Dynamics Center, University "Gabriele d'Annunzio" of Chieti-Pescara, Chieti, Italy
| | - Francesco Di Russo
- Department of Movement, Human and Health Sciences, University of Rome "Foro Italico", Rome, Italy; Santa Lucia Foundation IRCCS, Rome, Italy
| | - Federico Quinzi
- Department of Movement, Human and Health Sciences, University of Rome "Foro Italico", Rome, Italy
| | - Maurizio Bertollo
- Behavioral Imaging and Neural Dynamics Center, University "Gabriele d'Annunzio" of Chieti-Pescara, Chieti, Italy; Department of Medicine and Aging Sciences, University "G. d'Annunzio" of Chieti-Pescara, Chieti, Italy.
| | - Filippo Zappasodi
- Department of Neurosciences, Imaging and Clinical Sciences, University "Gabriele d'Annunzio" of Chieti-Pescara, Chieti, Italy; Behavioral Imaging and Neural Dynamics Center, University "Gabriele d'Annunzio" of Chieti-Pescara, Chieti, Italy; Institute for Advanced Biomedical Technologies, University "Gabriele d'Annunzio" of Chieti-Pescara, Chieti, Italy
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8
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Gholamipourbarogh N, Prochnow A, Frings C, Münchau A, Mückschel M, Beste C. Perception-action integration during inhibitory control is reflected in a concomitant multi-region processing of specific codes in the neurophysiological signal. Psychophysiology 2023; 60:e14178. [PMID: 36083256 DOI: 10.1111/psyp.14178] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2022] [Revised: 08/11/2022] [Accepted: 08/24/2022] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
The integration of perception and action has long been studied in psychological science using overarching cognitive frameworks. Despite these being very successful in explaining perception-action integration, little is known about its neurophysiological and especially the functional neuroanatomical foundations. It is unknown whether distinct brain structures are simultaneously involved in the processing of perception-action integration codes and also to what extent demands on perception-action integration modulate activities in these structures. We investigate these questions in an EEG study integrating temporal and ICA-based EEG signal decomposition with source localization. For this purpose, we used data from 32 healthy participants who performed a 'TEC Go/Nogo' task. We show that the EEG signal can be decomposed into components carrying different informational aspects or processing codes relevant for perception-action integration. Importantly, these specific codes are processed independently in different brain structures, and their specific roles during the processing of perception-action integration differ. Some regions (i.e., the anterior cingulate and insular cortex) take a 'default role' because these are not modulated in their activity by demands or the complexity of event file coding processes. In contrast, regions in the motor cortex, middle frontal, temporal, and superior parietal cortices were not activated by 'default' but revealed modulations depending on the complexity of perception-action integration (i.e., whether an event file has to be reconfigured). Perception-action integration thus reflects a multi-region processing of specific fractions of information in the neurophysiological signal. This needs to be taken into account when further developing a cognitive science framework detailing perception-action integration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Negin Gholamipourbarogh
- Cognitive Neurophysiology, Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine, TU Dresden, Dresden, Germany.,University Neuropsychology Center, Faculty of Medicine, TU Dresden, Dresden, Germany
| | - Astrid Prochnow
- Cognitive Neurophysiology, Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine, TU Dresden, Dresden, Germany.,University Neuropsychology Center, Faculty of Medicine, TU Dresden, Dresden, Germany
| | | | - Alexander Münchau
- Institute of Systems Motor Science, University of Lübeck, Lübeck, Germany
| | - Moritz Mückschel
- Cognitive Neurophysiology, Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine, TU Dresden, Dresden, Germany.,University Neuropsychology Center, Faculty of Medicine, TU Dresden, Dresden, Germany
| | - Christian Beste
- Cognitive Neurophysiology, Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine, TU Dresden, Dresden, Germany.,University Neuropsychology Center, Faculty of Medicine, TU Dresden, Dresden, Germany
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9
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Yu S, Stock AK, Münchau A, Frings C, Beste C. Neurophysiological principles of inhibitory control processes during cognitive flexibility. Cereb Cortex 2023:6969136. [PMID: 36610732 DOI: 10.1093/cercor/bhac532] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2022] [Revised: 12/17/2022] [Accepted: 12/18/2022] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Inhibitory control plays an indispensable role in cognitive flexibility. Nevertheless, the neurophysiological principles underlying this are incompletely understood. This owes to the fact that the representational dynamics, as coded in oscillatory neural activity of different frequency bands has not been considered until now-despite being of conceptual relevance. Moreover, it is unclear in how far distinct functional neuroanatomical regions are concomitantly involved in the processing of representational dynamics. We examine these questions using a combination of EEG methods. We show that theta-band activity plays an essential role for inhibitory control processes during cognitive flexibility across informational aspects coded in distinct fractions of the neurophysiological signal. It is shown that posterior parietal structures and the inferior parietal cortex seem to be the most important cortical region for inhibitory control processes during cognitive flexibility. Theta-band activity plays an essential role in processes of retrieving the previously inhibited representations related to the current task during cognitive flexibility. The representational content relevant for inhibitory processes during cognitive flexibility is coded in the theta frequency band. We outline how the observed neural mechanisms inform recent overarching cognitive frameworks on how flexible action control is accomplished.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shijing Yu
- Cognitive Neurophysiology, Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine, TU Dresden, Sachsen 01187, Germany
| | - Ann-Kathrin Stock
- Cognitive Neurophysiology, Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine, TU Dresden, Sachsen 01187, Germany
| | - Alexander Münchau
- Institute of Systems Motor Science, University of Lübeck, Lübeck 23562, Germany
| | | | - Christian Beste
- Cognitive Neurophysiology, Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine, TU Dresden, Sachsen 01187, Germany
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10
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Wendiggensen P, Adelhöfer N, Jamous R, Mückschel M, Takacs A, Frings C, Münchau A, Beste C. Processing of embedded response plans is modulated by an interplay of fronto-parietal theta and beta activity. J Neurophysiol 2022; 128:543-555. [PMID: 35894437 DOI: 10.1152/jn.00537.2021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Even simple actions like opening a door require integration/binding and flexible re-activation of different motor elements. Yet, the neural mechanisms underlying the processing of such 'embedded response plans' are largely elusive, despite theoretical frameworks, such as the Theory of Event Coding, describing the involved cognitive processes. In a sample of N = 40 healthy participants we combine time-frequency decomposition and various beamforming methods to examine neurophysiological dynamics of such action plans - with special emphasis on the interplay of theta and beta frequency activity during the processing of these plans. We show that the integration and rule-guided reactivation of embedded response plans is modulated by a complex interplay of theta and beta activity. Pre-trial BBA is related to different functional neuroanatomical structures which are activated in a consecutive fashion. Enhanced preparatory activity is positively associated with higher binding-related BBA in the precuneus/parietal areas, indicating that activity in the precuneus/parietal cortex facilitates the execution of an embedded action sequence. Increased preparation subsequently leads to reduced working memory retrieval demands. A cascading pattern of interactions between pre-trial and within-trial activity indicates the importance of preparatory brain activity. The study shows that there are multiple roles of beta and theta oscillations associated with different functional neuroanatomical structures during the integration and reactivation of motor elements during actions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paul Wendiggensen
- Cognitive Neurophysiology, Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine, TU Dresden, Dresden, Germany.,University Neuropsychology Center, Faculty of Medicine, TU Dresden, Dresden, Germany
| | - Nico Adelhöfer
- Cognitive Neurophysiology, Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine, TU Dresden, Dresden, Germany.,University Neuropsychology Center, Faculty of Medicine, TU Dresden, Dresden, Germany
| | - Roula Jamous
- Cognitive Neurophysiology, Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine, TU Dresden, Dresden, Germany.,University Neuropsychology Center, Faculty of Medicine, TU Dresden, Dresden, Germany
| | - Moritz Mückschel
- Cognitive Neurophysiology, Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine, TU Dresden, Dresden, Germany.,University Neuropsychology Center, Faculty of Medicine, TU Dresden, Dresden, Germany
| | - Adam Takacs
- Cognitive Neurophysiology, Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine, TU Dresden, Dresden, Germany.,University Neuropsychology Center, Faculty of Medicine, TU Dresden, Dresden, Germany
| | | | - Alexander Münchau
- Institute of Systems Motor Science, University of Lübeck, Lübeck, Germany
| | - Christian Beste
- Cognitive Neurophysiology, Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine, TU Dresden, Dresden, Germany.,University Neuropsychology Center, Faculty of Medicine, TU Dresden, Dresden, Germany
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11
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Mussini E, Bianco V, Pitzalis S, Di Russo F. Modulation of neurocognitive functions associated with action preparation and early stimulus processing by response-generated feedback. Biol Psychol 2022; 172:108360. [PMID: 35618162 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopsycho.2022.108360] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/02/2021] [Revised: 05/17/2022] [Accepted: 05/20/2022] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
Receiving feedback on action correctness is a relevant factor in learning, but only a few recent studies have investigated the neural bases involved in feedback processing and its consequences on performance. Several event-related potentials (ERP) studies investigated the feedback-related negativity, which is an ERP occurring after the presentation of a feedback stimulus. In contrast, the present study investigates the effect of providing feedback on brain activities before and after the presentation of an imperative stimulus with the aim to show how this could have an impact on cognitive functions related to anticipatory and post-stimulus task processing. Participants performed a standard visuomotor task and a modified version of the same task in which feedback sounds were emitted when participants committed performance errors. Overall, results showed that in the feedback task subjects have better cognitive control than in the standard task. All behavioral measures were improved in the feedback task. At the brain level, all the studied components were modulated by the presence of the feedback cue. Results pointed to a possible increase of anticipatory activity in the prefrontal cortex, a reduction of perceptual awareness in areas previously associated with the anterior insular cortex, and an increase of activity associated with selective attention in sensory cortices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elena Mussini
- Dept. of Movement, Human and Health Sciences, University of Rome "Foro Italico", Rome, Italy.
| | - Valentina Bianco
- Dept of Languages and Literatures, Communication, Education and Society, University of Udine, Italy
| | - Sabrina Pitzalis
- Dept. of Movement, Human and Health Sciences, University of Rome "Foro Italico", Rome, Italy; Dep. of Cognitive and Motor Rehabilitation and Neuroimaging, Santa Lucia Foundation (IRCCS Fondazione Santa Lucia), Rome, Italy
| | - Francesco Di Russo
- Dept. of Movement, Human and Health Sciences, University of Rome "Foro Italico", Rome, Italy; Dep. of Cognitive and Motor Rehabilitation and Neuroimaging, Santa Lucia Foundation (IRCCS Fondazione Santa Lucia), Rome, Italy
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12
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Lucia S, Bianco V, Boccacci L, Di Russo F. Effects of a Cognitive-Motor Training on Anticipatory Brain Functions and Sport Performance in Semi-Elite Basketball Players. Brain Sci 2021; 12:brainsci12010068. [PMID: 35053809 PMCID: PMC8773627 DOI: 10.3390/brainsci12010068] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2021] [Revised: 12/18/2021] [Accepted: 12/28/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
The aim of this research was to test the possible effects of cognitive–motor training (CMT) on athletes’ sport performance and cognitive functions. Namely, specific athletic tests, brain processes associated with anticipatory event-related potential (ERP) components and behavioral performance during a cognitive discrimination response task were evaluated pre- and post-training. Twenty-four young semi-professional basketball players were recruited for the study and randomly divided into an experimental (Exp) group executing the CMT training and a control (Con) group performing standard motor training. The CMT training protocol included exercises in which participants performed cognitive tasks during dribbling exercises using interactive devices which emitted visual and auditory stimuli, in which athletes’ responses were recorded. Results showed that following training, only the Exp group improved in all sport-specific tests (17%) and more than the Con group (88% vs. 60%) in response accuracy during the cognitive test. At brain level, post-training anticipatory cognitive processes associated with proactive inhibition and top-down attention in the prefrontal cortex were earlier and heightened in the Exp group. Our findings confirm previous studies on clear improved efficacy of CMT training protocols on sport performance and cognition compared to training based on motor exercises only, but extend the literature in showing that these effects might be explained by enhanced anticipatory brain processing in the prefrontal cortex. The present study also suggests that in order to achieve specific athletic goals, the brain adapts cognitive functions by means of neuroplasticity processes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stefania Lucia
- Department of Movement, Human and Health Sciences, University of Rome “Foro Italico”, 00135 Rome, Italy;
- Correspondence:
| | - Valentina Bianco
- Laboratory of Cognitive Neuroscience, Department of Languages and Literatures, Communication, Education and Society, University of Udine, 33100 Udine, Italy;
| | - Luca Boccacci
- Department of Psychology, University of Rome “La Sapienza”, 00185 Rome, Italy;
| | - Francesco Di Russo
- Department of Movement, Human and Health Sciences, University of Rome “Foro Italico”, 00135 Rome, Italy;
- Santa Lucia Foundation IRCCS, 00179 Rome, Italy
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13
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Bianco V, Berchicci M, Gigante E, Perri RL, Quinzi F, Mussini E, Di Russo F. Brain Plasticity Induced by Musical Expertise on Proactive and Reactive Cognitive Functions. Neuroscience 2021; 483:1-12. [PMID: 34973386 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroscience.2021.12.032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2021] [Revised: 12/21/2021] [Accepted: 12/23/2021] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
Proactive and reactive brain activities usually refer to processes occurring in anticipation or in response to perceptual and/or cognitive events. Previous studies found that, in auditory tasks, musical expertise improves performance mainly at the reactive stage of processing. In the present work, we aimed at acknowledging the effects of musical practice on proactive brain activities as a result of neuroplasticity processes occurring at the level of anticipatory motor/cognitive functions. Accordingly, performance and electroencephalographic recordings were compared between professional musicians and non-musicians during an auditory go/no-go task. Both proactive (pre-stimulus) and reactive (post-stimulus) event-related potentials (ERPs) were analyzed. Behavioral findings showed improved performance in musicians compared to non-musicians in terms of accuracy. For what concerns electrophysiological results, different ERP patterns of activity both before and after the presentation of the auditory stimulus emerged between groups. Specifically, musicians showed increased proactive cognitive activity in prefrontal scalp areas, previously localized in the prefrontal cortex, and reduced anticipatory excitability in frontal scalp areas, previously localized in the associative auditory cortices (reflected by the pN and aP components, respectively). In the reactive stage of processing (i.e., following stimulus presentation), musicians showed enhanced early (N1) and late (P3) components, in line with longstanding literature of enhanced auditory processing in this group. Crucially, we also found a significant correlation between the N1 component and years of musical practice. We interpreted these findings in terms of neural plasticity processes resulting from musical training, which lead musicians to high efficiency in auditory sensorial anticipation and more intense cognitive control and sound analysis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Valentina Bianco
- Dept. of Movement, Human and Health Sciences, University of Rome "Foro Italico", Rome, Italy; Laboratory of Cognitive Neuroscience, Dept. of Languages and Literatures, Communication, Education and Society, University of Udine, Udine, Italy.
| | - Marika Berchicci
- Dept. of Movement, Human and Health Sciences, University of Rome "Foro Italico", Rome, Italy
| | - Elena Gigante
- International Association for Analytical Psychology, Zurich, Switzerland
| | | | - Federico Quinzi
- Dept. of Movement, Human and Health Sciences, University of Rome "Foro Italico", Rome, Italy
| | - Elena Mussini
- Dept. of Movement, Human and Health Sciences, University of Rome "Foro Italico", Rome, Italy
| | - Francesco Di Russo
- Dept. of Movement, Human and Health Sciences, University of Rome "Foro Italico", Rome, Italy; Santa Lucia Foundation IRCCS, Rome, Italy
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14
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Petruo V, Takacs A, Mückschel M, Hommel B, Beste C. Multi-level decoding of task sets in neurophysiological data during cognitive flexibility. iScience 2021; 24:103502. [PMID: 34934921 PMCID: PMC8654636 DOI: 10.1016/j.isci.2021.103502] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2021] [Revised: 07/27/2021] [Accepted: 11/22/2021] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Cognitive flexibility is essential to achieve higher level goals. Cognitive theories assume that the activation/deactivation of goals and task rules is central to understand cognitive flexibility. However, how this activation/deactivation dynamic is implemented on a neurophysiological level is unclear. Using EEG-based multivariate pattern analysis (MVPA) methods, we show that activation of relevant information occurs parallel in time at multiple levels in the neurophysiological signal containing aspects of stimulus-related processing, response selection, and motor response execution, and relates to different brain regions. The intensity with which task sets are activated and processed dynamically decreases and increases. The temporal stability of these activations could, however, hardly explain behavioral performance. Instead, task set deactivation processes associated with left orbitofrontal regions and inferior parietal regions selectively acting on motor response task sets are relevant. The study shows how propositions from cognitive theories stressing the importance task set activation/deactivation during cognitive flexibility are implemented on a neurophysiological level. Stimulus-related, motor, and response selection aspects of task set were decoded Activation of task rule information occurs at multiple neurophysiological levels Activation and deactivation of rule sets contributes to cognitive flexibility
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Affiliation(s)
- Vanessa Petruo
- Brain and Creativity Institute, Dornsife College of Letters, Arts and Sciences, University of Southern California, 3620A McClintock Avenue, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Adam Takacs
- Cognitive Neurophysiology, Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine, TU Dresden, Schubertstrasse 42, 01309 Dresden, Germany
| | - Moritz Mückschel
- Cognitive Neurophysiology, Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine, TU Dresden, Schubertstrasse 42, 01309 Dresden, Germany
| | - Bernhard Hommel
- Cognitive Neurophysiology, Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine, TU Dresden, Schubertstrasse 42, 01309 Dresden, Germany.,Cognitive Psychology Unit & Leiden Institute for Brain and Cognition, Leiden University, C-2-S LIBC P.O. Box 9600, Leiden, Netherlands.,Cognitive Psychology, Faculty of Psychology, Shandong Normal University, Qianfoshan Campus, No. 88 East Wenhua Road, Lixia District, Ji'nan 250014, China
| | - Christian Beste
- Cognitive Neurophysiology, Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine, TU Dresden, Schubertstrasse 42, 01309 Dresden, Germany.,Cognitive Psychology, Faculty of Psychology, Shandong Normal University, Qianfoshan Campus, No. 88 East Wenhua Road, Lixia District, Ji'nan 250014, China
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15
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Dilcher R, Beste C, Takacs A, Bluschke A, Tóth-Fáber E, Kleimaker M, Münchau A, Li SC. Perception-action integration in young age-A cross-sectional EEG study. Dev Cogn Neurosci 2021; 50:100977. [PMID: 34147987 PMCID: PMC8225655 DOI: 10.1016/j.dcn.2021.100977] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2021] [Revised: 04/26/2021] [Accepted: 06/15/2021] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Humans differ in their capacity for integrating perceived events and related actions. The "Theory of event coding" (TEC) conceptualizes how stimuli and actions are cognitively bound into a common functional representation (or "code"), known as the "event file". To date, however, the neural processes underlying the development of event file coding mechanisms across age are largely unclear. We investigated age-related neural changes of event file coding from late childhood to early adulthood, using EEG signal decompositions methods. We included a group of healthy participants (n = 91) between 10 and 30 years, performing an event file paradigm. Results of this study revealed age-related effects on event file coding processes both at the behavioural and the neurophysiological level. Performance accuracy data showed that event file unbinding und rebinding processes become more efficient from late childhood to early adulthood. These behavioural effects are reflected by age-related effects in two neurophysiological subprocesses associated with the superior parietal cortex (BA7) as revealed in the analyses using EEG signal decomposition. The first process entails mapping and association processes between stimulus and response; whereas, the second comprises inhibitory control subprocesses subserving the selection of the relevant motor programme amongst competing response options.
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Affiliation(s)
- Roxane Dilcher
- Chair of Lifespan Developmental Neuroscience, Faculty of Psychology, TU Dresden, Germany
| | - Christian Beste
- Cognitive Neurophysiology, Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine, TU Dresden, Germany.
| | - Adam Takacs
- Cognitive Neurophysiology, Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine, TU Dresden, Germany
| | - Annet Bluschke
- Cognitive Neurophysiology, Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine, TU Dresden, Germany
| | - Eszter Tóth-Fáber
- Doctoral School of Psychology, ELTE Eötvös Loránd University, Budapest, Hungary; Institute of Psychology, ELTE Eötvös Loránd University, Budapest, Hungary
| | | | | | - Shu-Chen Li
- Chair of Lifespan Developmental Neuroscience, Faculty of Psychology, TU Dresden, Germany; Centre for Tactile Internet With Human-in-the-Loop, TU Dresden, Germany.
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16
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Sulpizio V, Berchicci M, Di Russo F, Galati G, Grasso MG, Iosa M, Lucci G, Paolucci S, Ripani M, Pitzalis S. Effect of Exoskeleton-Assisted Rehabilitation Over Prefrontal Cortex in Multiple Sclerosis Patients: A Neuroimaging Pilot Study. Brain Topogr 2021; 34:651-663. [PMID: 34181126 PMCID: PMC8384810 DOI: 10.1007/s10548-021-00858-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2021] [Accepted: 06/13/2021] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
Application of a passive and fully articulated exoskeleton, called Human Body Posturizer (HBP), has been demonstrated to improve mobility, response accuracy and ambulation in multiple sclerosis (MS) patients. By using functional magnetic imaging (fMRI) during a visuomotor discrimination task, we performed a pilot study to evaluate the effect of HBP over the neural correlates of motor and cognitive functions which are typically impaired in MS patients. Specifically, we tested the effect of a 6-week multidisciplinary rehabilitation intervention on two groups of MS patients: a control group who followed a standard physiotherapeutic rehabilitation protocol, and an experimental group who used the HBP during physical exercises in addition to the standard protocol. We found that, after treatment, the experimental group exhibited a significant lower activity (as compared to the control group) in the inferior frontal gyrus. This post-treatment activity reduction can be explained as a retour to a normal range, being the amount of iFg activity observed in the experimental patients very similar to that observed in healthy subjects. These findings indicate that the use of HBP during rehabilitation intervention normalizes the prefrontal activity, mitigating the cortical hyperactivity associated to MS.
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Affiliation(s)
- V Sulpizio
- Department of Cognitive and Motor Rehabilitation and Neuroimaging, Santa Lucia Foundation (IRCCS Fondazione Santa Lucia), Rome, Italy. .,Department of Psychology, Sapienza" University of Rome, Via dei Marsi, 78, 00185, Rome, Italy.
| | - M Berchicci
- Department of Movement, Human and Health Sciences, University of Rome "Foro Italico", Rome, Italy
| | - F Di Russo
- Department of Cognitive and Motor Rehabilitation and Neuroimaging, Santa Lucia Foundation (IRCCS Fondazione Santa Lucia), Rome, Italy.,Department of Movement, Human and Health Sciences, University of Rome "Foro Italico", Rome, Italy
| | - G Galati
- Department of Cognitive and Motor Rehabilitation and Neuroimaging, Santa Lucia Foundation (IRCCS Fondazione Santa Lucia), Rome, Italy.,Department of Psychology, Sapienza" University of Rome, Via dei Marsi, 78, 00185, Rome, Italy
| | - M G Grasso
- Department of Cognitive and Motor Rehabilitation and Neuroimaging, Santa Lucia Foundation (IRCCS Fondazione Santa Lucia), Rome, Italy
| | - M Iosa
- Department of Cognitive and Motor Rehabilitation and Neuroimaging, Santa Lucia Foundation (IRCCS Fondazione Santa Lucia), Rome, Italy.,Department of Psychology, Sapienza" University of Rome, Via dei Marsi, 78, 00185, Rome, Italy
| | - G Lucci
- Department of Human Sciences, Marconi University, Rome, Italy
| | - S Paolucci
- Department of Cognitive and Motor Rehabilitation and Neuroimaging, Santa Lucia Foundation (IRCCS Fondazione Santa Lucia), Rome, Italy
| | - M Ripani
- Department of Movement, Human and Health Sciences, University of Rome "Foro Italico", Rome, Italy
| | - Sabrina Pitzalis
- Department of Cognitive and Motor Rehabilitation and Neuroimaging, Santa Lucia Foundation (IRCCS Fondazione Santa Lucia), Rome, Italy.,Department of Movement, Human and Health Sciences, University of Rome "Foro Italico", Rome, Italy
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17
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Sperl L, Ambrus GG, Kaufmann JM, Schweinberger SR, Cañal-Bruland R. Electrophysiological correlates underlying interference control in motor tasks. Biol Psychol 2021; 163:108138. [PMID: 34171403 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopsycho.2021.108138] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2020] [Revised: 05/26/2021] [Accepted: 06/14/2021] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Changing pre-existing, automatized motor skills often requires interference control. Prepotent response inhibition - one subdimension of inhibition - has been theorized to be particularly associated with successful interference control in motor skills. Recent evidence suggests that different inhibition subdimensions elicit distinct ERP patterns (with larger P3 components for response inhibition). Therefore, we examined whether a similar ERP pattern would arise in a task demanding participants to overcome interference emerging from strong motor automatisms. This was realized within a typing paradigm involving a letter switch manipulation which is able to produce strong, immediate interference effects. Most importantly, stimulus-locked ERP analyses revealed an enhanced P3 component at frontal, central and most pronouncedly parietal sites for interference trials, in line with previous reported patterns for response inhibition. Together, different analyses provide first insights into the electrophysiological correlates of motor skill change, corroborating the pivotal role of response inhibition for successful interference control.
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Affiliation(s)
- L Sperl
- Department for the Psychology of Human Movement and Sport, Institute of Sports Science, Faculty of Social and Behavioural Sciences, Friedrich Schiller University Jena, Germany; Department of General Psychology and Cognitive Neuroscience, Institute of Psychology, Faculty of Social and Behavioural Sciences, Friedrich Schiller University Jena, Germany.
| | - G G Ambrus
- Department of Biological Psychology and Cognitive Neurosciences, Institute of Psychology, Faculty of Social and Behavioural Sciences, Friedrich Schiller University Jena, Germany
| | - J M Kaufmann
- Department of General Psychology and Cognitive Neuroscience, Institute of Psychology, Faculty of Social and Behavioural Sciences, Friedrich Schiller University Jena, Germany
| | - S R Schweinberger
- Department of General Psychology and Cognitive Neuroscience, Institute of Psychology, Faculty of Social and Behavioural Sciences, Friedrich Schiller University Jena, Germany
| | - R Cañal-Bruland
- Department for the Psychology of Human Movement and Sport, Institute of Sports Science, Faculty of Social and Behavioural Sciences, Friedrich Schiller University Jena, Germany
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18
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Giller F, Aggensteiner PM, Banaschewski T, Döpfner M, Brandeis D, Roessner V, Beste C. Affective Dysregulation in Children Is Associated With Difficulties in Response Control in Emotional Ambiguous Situations. BIOLOGICAL PSYCHIATRY: COGNITIVE NEUROSCIENCE AND NEUROIMAGING 2021; 7:66-75. [PMID: 33857639 DOI: 10.1016/j.bpsc.2021.03.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2020] [Revised: 03/16/2021] [Accepted: 03/17/2021] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Affective dysregulation (AD), or synonymously "irritability," is a transdiagnostic construct that serves as a diagnostic criterion in various childhood mental disorders. It is characterized by severe or persistent outbursts of anger and aggression. Emotional self-regulation is highly dependent on the ability to process relevant and ignore conflicting emotional information. Understanding neurophysiological mechanisms underlying impairment in AD may provide a starting point for research on pharmacological treatment options and evaluation of psychotherapeutic intervention. METHODS A total of 120 children 8 to 12 years of age (63 with AD and 57 typically developing) were examined using an emotional Stroop task. Signal-decomposed electroencephalographic recordings providing information about the affected sensory-perceptual, response selection, or motor information processing stage were combined with source localization. RESULTS Behavioral performance revealed dysfunctional cognitive-emotional conflict monitoring in children with AD, suggesting difficulties in differentiating between conflicting and nonconflicting cognitive-emotional information. This was confirmed by the electroencephalographic data showing that they cannot intensify response selection processes during conflicting cognitive-emotional situations. Typically developing children were able to do so and activated a functional-neuroanatomical network comprising the left inferior parietal cortex (Brodmann area 40), right middle frontal (Brodmann area 10), and right inferior/orbitofrontal (Brodmann area 47) regions. Purely sensory-perceptual selection and motor execution processes were not modulated in AD, as evidenced by Bayesian analyses. CONCLUSIONS Behavioral and electroencephalogram data suggest that children with AD cannot adequately modulate controlled response selection processes given emotionally ambiguous information. Which neurotransmitter systems underlie these deficits and how they can be improved are important questions for future research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Franziska Giller
- Department of Cognitive Neurophysiology, Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine, Technische Universität Dresden, Dresden, Germany
| | - Pascal-M Aggensteiner
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Central Institute of Mental Health, Medical Faculty Mannheim/Heidelberg University, Mannheim, Germany
| | - Tobias Banaschewski
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Central Institute of Mental Health, Medical Faculty Mannheim/Heidelberg University, Mannheim, Germany
| | - Manfred Döpfner
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Department of Psychosomatics and Psychotherapy, Medical Faculty, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany; School for Child and Adolescent Cognitive Behavior Therapy, Medical Faculty, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Daniel Brandeis
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Central Institute of Mental Health, Medical Faculty Mannheim/Heidelberg University, Mannheim, Germany; Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University Hospital of Psychiatry Zurich, University of Zürich, Zürich, Switzerland; Neuroscience Center Zürich, University and Eidgenössische Technische Hochschule Zürich, Zürich, Switzerland
| | - Veit Roessner
- Department of Cognitive Neurophysiology, Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine, Technische Universität Dresden, Dresden, Germany
| | - Christian Beste
- Department of Cognitive Neurophysiology, Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine, Technische Universität Dresden, Dresden, Germany.
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19
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Petruo VA, Beste C. Task Switching and the Role of Motor Reprogramming in Parietal Structures. Neuroscience 2021; 461:23-35. [PMID: 33675917 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroscience.2021.02.030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2020] [Revised: 02/08/2021] [Accepted: 02/24/2021] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Abstract
Human behaviour amazes with extraordinary flexibility and the underlying neural mechanisms have often been studied using task switching. Despite extensive research, the relative importance of "cognitive" and "motor" aspects during switching is unclear. In the current study we examine this question combining EEG analysis techniques and source localization to examine whether the selection of the response, or processes during the execution of the response, contribute most to switching effects. A clear dissociation was observed in the signal decomposition, since codes relating to motor aspects play a significant role in task switching and the scope of the switching costs. This was not the case for signals that denote reaction selection or decision processes that respond to selection or basic stimulus processing codes. On a functional neuroanatomical level, these modulations in motor processes showed a clear temporal sequence in that motor codes are processed primarily in superior parietal regions (Brodman area 7) and only then in premotor regions (Brodman area 6). The observed modulations may reflect motor reprogramming processes. The study shows how EEG signal analysis in combination with brain mapping methods can inform debates on theories of human cognitive flexibility.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vanessa A Petruo
- Brain and Creativity Institute, Dornsife College of Letters, Arts and Sciences, University of Southern California, 3620A McClintock Avenue Bldg. #292, Los Angeles, CA 90089 United States
| | - Christian Beste
- Cognitive Neurophysiology, Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine, TU Dresden, Fetscherstrasse 74, 01307 Dresden, Germany.
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20
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Mussini E, Berchicci M, Bianco V, Perri RL, Quinzi F, Di Russo F. Effect of task complexity on motor and cognitive preparatory brain activities. Int J Psychophysiol 2020; 159:11-16. [PMID: 33227366 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpsycho.2020.11.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2020] [Revised: 10/14/2020] [Accepted: 11/16/2020] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
In the present study, we investigated scalp-recorded activities of motor and cognitive preparation preceding stimulus presentation in relatively simple and complex visual motor discriminative response tasks (DRTs). Targets and non-targets were presented (with equal probability) in both tasks, and the complexity of the task depended on the discrimination and categorization processing load, which was based on the number of stimuli used (two stimuli in the simple- and four in the complex-DRT, respectively). We recorded event-related potentials (ERPs) in 16 participants in simple-DRT and 16 participants in complex-DRT. At the behavioral level, the performance was faster and more accurate in simple-DRT. Two pre-stimulus ERPs were considered: the central Bereitschaftspotential (BP) and the prefrontal negativity (pN). Both components showed earlier onset and larger amplitude in the complex-DRT. Overall, the simple-DRT required less motor and cognitive preparation in premotor and prefrontal areas compared to the complex-DRT. Present findings also suggest that the pN component was not reported in previous studies, likely because most ERP literature focusing on pre-stimulus ERP used simple-DRTs, and with such a task the pN amplitude is small and can easily go undetected.
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Affiliation(s)
- E Mussini
- Dept. of Movement, Human and Health Sciences, University of Rome "Foro Italico", Rome, Italy.
| | - M Berchicci
- Dept. of Movement, Human and Health Sciences, University of Rome "Foro Italico", Rome, Italy
| | - V Bianco
- IRCCS Fondazione Santa Lucia, Rome, Italy
| | - R L Perri
- Dept. of Movement, Human and Health Sciences, University of Rome "Foro Italico", Rome, Italy; University "Niccolò Cusano", Rome, Italy
| | - F Quinzi
- Dept. of Movement, Human and Health Sciences, University of Rome "Foro Italico", Rome, Italy; IRCCS Fondazione Santa Lucia, Rome, Italy
| | - F Di Russo
- Dept. of Movement, Human and Health Sciences, University of Rome "Foro Italico", Rome, Italy
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21
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Mussini E, Berchicci M, Bianco V, Perri RL, Quinzi F, Di Russo F. The Role of Task Complexity on Frontal Event-related Potentials and Evidence in Favour of the Epiphenomenal Interpretation of the Go/No-Go N2 Effect. Neuroscience 2020; 449:1-8. [PMID: 33010340 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroscience.2020.09.042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2020] [Revised: 09/14/2020] [Accepted: 09/20/2020] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
Abstract
It is well established that task complexity can affect both performance and brain processing. Event-related potentials (ERPs) studies have shown modulation of the well-known N2 and P3 components. However, limited information is available on the recently described frontal components associated with processing within the anterior insular cortex. This work aims to shed light on the effect of task complexity on the insular ERP components associated with perceptual (pN1) and sensory-motor awareness (pP1), as well as with stimulus-response mapping (the pP2). Moreover, this comparison of tasks with different complexity was expected to provide a new point of view on the debate on inhibitory or conflict monitoring role of the N2 component. Thirty-two participants were assigned to two groups: one performed an easy response task (with only a target and a non-target stimulus), the other one performed a complex response task (with two target and two non-target stimuli). The task comparison revealed enhanced pP1 and pP2 components but a reduced N2 component in the complex paradigm. These results suggest that task complexity may entail greater processing strength in the anterior insula functions associated with endogenous perceptual processing. Also, findings on the N2 activity provide evidence against both the inhibitory and conflict interpretation of this component, as the N2 amplitude was reduced in the complex task.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elena Mussini
- Department of Movement, Human and Health Sciences, University of Rome "Foro Italico", Rome, Italy.
| | - Marika Berchicci
- Department of Movement, Human and Health Sciences, University of Rome "Foro Italico", Rome, Italy
| | | | - Rinaldo Livio Perri
- Department of Movement, Human and Health Sciences, University of Rome "Foro Italico", Rome, Italy; University "Niccolò Cusano", Rome, Italy
| | - Federico Quinzi
- Department of Movement, Human and Health Sciences, University of Rome "Foro Italico", Rome, Italy
| | - Francesco Di Russo
- Department of Movement, Human and Health Sciences, University of Rome "Foro Italico", Rome, Italy
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Bianco V, Berchicci M, Livio Perri R, Quinzi F, Mussini E, Spinelli D, Di Russo F. Preparatory ERPs in visual, auditory, and somatosensory discriminative motor tasks. Psychophysiology 2020; 57:e13687. [PMID: 32970337 DOI: 10.1111/psyp.13687] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2020] [Revised: 08/03/2020] [Accepted: 08/17/2020] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
Previous event-related potential (ERP) studies mainly from the present research group showed a novel component, that is, the prefrontal negativity (pN), recorded in visual-motor discriminative tasks during the pre-stimulus phase. This component is concomitant to activity related to motor preparation, that is, the Bereitschaftspotential (BP). The pN component has been reported in experiments based on the visual modality only; for other modalities (acoustic and/or somatosensory) the presence of the pN warrants further investigation. This study represents a first step toward this direction; indeed, we aimed at describing the pN and the BP components in discriminative response tasks (DRTs) for three sensory modalities. In experiment 1 ERPs were recorded in 29 adults in visual and auditory DRT; an additional group of 15 adults participated to a somatosensory DRT (experiment 2). In line with previous results both the pN and the BP were clearly detectable in the visual modality. In the auditory modality the prefrontal pN was not detectable directly; however, the pN could be derived by subtraction of separate EEG traces recorded in a "passive" version of the same auditory task, in which motor responses were not required. In the somatosensory modality both the pN and the BP were detectable, although with lower amplitudes with respect to other two sensory modalities. Overall, regardless of the sensory modality, anticipatory task-related pN and BP components could be detected (or derived by subtraction) over both the prefrontal and motor cortices. These results support the view that anticipatory processes share common components among sensory modalities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Valentina Bianco
- Laboratory of Electrophysiology Processes, IRCCS Santa Lucia Foundation, Rome, Italy.,Laboratory of Cognitive Neuroscience, Department of Languages and Literatures, Communication, Education and Society, University of Udine, Udine, Italy
| | - Marika Berchicci
- Department of Movement, Human and Health Sciences, University of Rome "Foro Italico", Rome, Italy
| | | | - Federico Quinzi
- Laboratory of Electrophysiology Processes, IRCCS Santa Lucia Foundation, Rome, Italy
| | - Elena Mussini
- Department of Movement, Human and Health Sciences, University of Rome "Foro Italico", Rome, Italy
| | - Donatella Spinelli
- Laboratory of Electrophysiology Processes, IRCCS Santa Lucia Foundation, Rome, Italy.,Department of Movement, Human and Health Sciences, University of Rome "Foro Italico", Rome, Italy
| | - Francesco Di Russo
- Laboratory of Electrophysiology Processes, IRCCS Santa Lucia Foundation, Rome, Italy.,Department of Movement, Human and Health Sciences, University of Rome "Foro Italico", Rome, Italy
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23
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The role of cognitive reserve on prefrontal and premotor cortical activity in visuo-motor response tasks in healthy old adults. Neurobiol Aging 2020; 94:185-195. [PMID: 32645547 DOI: 10.1016/j.neurobiolaging.2020.06.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2019] [Revised: 05/28/2020] [Accepted: 06/03/2020] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Cognitive reserve (CR) is a key factor to mitigate the cognitive decline during the aging process. Here, we used event-related potentials to target the preparatory brain activities associated with different levels of CR during visuo-motor simple response tasks (SRTs) and discriminative response tasks (DRTs). EEG was recorded from 28 healthy old (Age: 72.2 ± 4.7 years) and 14 young (Age: 22.2 ± 2.4 years) individuals during an SRT and a DRT. Depending on the CR median score, old participants were divided into either a high (High-CR) or a low CR (Low-CR) group. Behavioral performance and electrophysiological data were compared across the 3 groups. Compared with the Low-CR, the High-CR group showed larger prestimulus prefrontal (prefrontal negativity) and premotor activity (Bereitschaftspotential-BP), in the SRT, and increased premotor readiness (BP), in the DRT. The High-CR was faster and more accurate than the Low-CR group in the DRT and SRT, respectively. The High-CR group revealed enhanced brain preparatory activities that, paralleled to their behavioral performance, might reflect neural compensation and maintenance effects possibly counteracting the age-related decline in cognitive functioning.
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24
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Berchicci M, Sulpizio V, Mento G, Lucci G, Civale N, Galati G, Pitzalis S, Spinelli D, Di Russo F. Prompting future events: Effects of temporal cueing and time on task on brain preparation to action. Brain Cogn 2020; 141:105565. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bandc.2020.105565] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/27/2019] [Revised: 03/11/2020] [Accepted: 03/19/2020] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
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25
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de Tommaso M, Betti V, Bocci T, Bolognini N, Di Russo F, Fattapposta F, Ferri R, Invitto S, Koch G, Miniussi C, Piccione F, Ragazzoni A, Sartucci F, Rossi S, Arcara G, Berchicci M, Bianco V, Delussi M, Gentile E, Giovannelli F, Mannarelli D, Marino M, Mussini E, Pauletti C, Pellicciari MC, Pisoni A, Raggi A, Valeriani M. Pearls and pitfalls in brain functional analysis by event-related potentials: a narrative review by the Italian Psychophysiology and Cognitive Neuroscience Society on methodological limits and clinical reliability-part I. Neurol Sci 2020; 41:2711-2735. [PMID: 32388645 DOI: 10.1007/s10072-020-04420-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2019] [Accepted: 04/13/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Event-related potentials (ERPs) are obtained from the electroencephalogram (EEG) or the magnetoencephalogram (MEG, event-related fields (ERF)), extracting the activity that is time-locked to an event. Despite the potential utility of ERP/ERF in cognitive domain, the clinical standardization of their use is presently undefined for most of procedures. The aim of the present review is to establish limits and reliability of ERP medical application, summarize main methodological issues, and present evidence of clinical application and future improvement. The present section of the review focuses on well-standardized ERP methods, including P300, Contingent Negative Variation (CNV), Mismatch Negativity (MMN), and N400, with a chapter dedicated to laser-evoked potentials (LEPs). One section is dedicated to proactive preparatory brain activity as the Bereitschaftspotential and the prefrontal negativity (BP and pN). The P300 and the MMN potentials have a limited but recognized role in the diagnosis of cognitive impairment and consciousness disorders. LEPs have a well-documented usefulness in the diagnosis of neuropathic pain, with low application in clinical assessment of psychophysiological basis of pain. The other ERP components mentioned here, though largely applied in normal and pathological cases and well standardized, are still confined to the research field. CNV, BP, and pN deserve to be largely tested in movement disorders, just to explain possible functional changes in motor preparation circuits subtending different clinical pictures and responses to treatments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marina de Tommaso
- Applied Neurophysiology and Pain Unit-AnpLab-University of Bari Aldo Moro, Bari, Italy
| | - Viviana Betti
- Department of Psychology, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy.,IRCCS Fondazione Santa Lucia (Santa Lucia Foundation), Rome, Italy
| | - Tommaso Bocci
- Department of Health Sciences, University of Milan, Milan, Italy
| | - Nadia Bolognini
- Department of Psychology & NeuroMi, University of Milano Bicocca, Milan, Italy.,Laboratory of Neuropsychology, IRCCS Istituto Auxologico, Milan, Italy
| | - Francesco Di Russo
- Department of Movement, Human and Health Sciences, University of Rome "Foro Italico", Rome, Italy
| | | | | | - Sara Invitto
- INSPIRE - Laboratory of Cognitive and Psychophysiological Olfactory Processes, University of Salento, Lecce, Italy
| | - Giacomo Koch
- IRCCS Fondazione Santa Lucia (Santa Lucia Foundation), Rome, Italy.,Department of Neuroscience, Policlinico Tor Vergata, Rome, Italy
| | - Carlo Miniussi
- Center for Mind/Brain Sciences - CIMeC, University of Trento, Rovereto, Italy.,Cognitive Neuroscience Section, IRCCS Istituto Centro San Giovanni di Dio Fatebenefratelli, Brescia, Italy
| | - Francesco Piccione
- Brain Imaging and Neural Dynamics Research Group, IRCCS San Camillo Hospital, Venice, Italy
| | - Aldo Ragazzoni
- Unit of Neurology and Clinical Neurophysiology, Fondazione PAS, Scandicci, Florence, Italy
| | - Ferdinando Sartucci
- Section of Neurophysiopathology, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy.,CNR Institute of Neuroscience, Pisa, Italy
| | - Simone Rossi
- Department of Medicine, Surgery and Neuroscience Siena Brain Investigation and Neuromodulation Lab (SI-BIN Lab), University of Siena, Siena, Italy
| | - Giorgio Arcara
- Brain Imaging and Neural Dynamics Research Group, IRCCS San Camillo Hospital, Venice, Italy
| | - Marika Berchicci
- Department of Movement, Human and Health Sciences, University of Rome "Foro Italico", Rome, Italy
| | - Valentina Bianco
- IRCCS Fondazione Santa Lucia (Santa Lucia Foundation), Rome, Italy.,Department of Movement, Human and Health Sciences, University of Rome "Foro Italico", Rome, Italy
| | - Marianna Delussi
- Applied Neurophysiology and Pain Unit-AnpLab-University of Bari Aldo Moro, Bari, Italy
| | - Eleonora Gentile
- Applied Neurophysiology and Pain Unit-AnpLab-University of Bari Aldo Moro, Bari, Italy
| | - Fabio Giovannelli
- Section of Psychology - Department of Neuroscience, Psychology, Drug Research, Child Health, University of Florence, Florence, Italy
| | - Daniela Mannarelli
- Department of Human Neuroscience, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Marco Marino
- Brain Imaging and Neural Dynamics Research Group, IRCCS San Camillo Hospital, Venice, Italy
| | - Elena Mussini
- Department of Movement, Human and Health Sciences, University of Rome "Foro Italico", Rome, Italy
| | - Caterina Pauletti
- Department of Human Neuroscience, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | | | - Alberto Pisoni
- Department of Psychology & NeuroMi, University of Milano Bicocca, Milan, Italy
| | - Alberto Raggi
- Unit of Neurology, G.B. Morgagni - L. Pierantoni Hospital, Forlì, Italy
| | - Massimiliano Valeriani
- Neurology Ward Unit, Bambino Gesù Hospital, Rome, Italy. .,Center for Sensory-Motor Interaction, Aalborg University, Aalborg, Denmark.
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Low and high stimulation frequencies differentially affect automated response selection in the superior parietal cortex - implications for somatosensory area processes. Sci Rep 2020; 10:3954. [PMID: 32127632 PMCID: PMC7054528 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-61025-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2019] [Accepted: 02/19/2020] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Response inhibition as a central facet of executive functioning is no homogeneous construct. Interference inhibition constitutes a subcomponent of response inhibition and refers to inhibitory control over responses that are automatically triggered by irrelevant stimulus dimensions as measured by the Simon task. While there is evidence that the area-specific modulation of tactile information affects the act of action withholding, effects in the context of interference inhibition remain elusive. We conducted a tactile version of the Simon task with stimuli designed to be predominantly processed in the primary (40 Hz) or secondary (150 Hz) somatosensory cortex. On the basis of EEG recordings, we performed signal decomposition and source localization. Behavioral results reveal that response execution is more efficient when sensory information is mainly processed via SII, compared to SI sensory areas during non-conflicting trials. When accounting for intermingled coding levels by temporally decomposing EEG data, the results show that experimental variations depending on sensory area-specific processing differences specifically affect motor and not sensory processes. Modulations of motor-related processes are linked to activation differences in the superior parietal cortex (BA7). It is concluded that the SII cortical area supporting cognitive preprocessing of tactile input fosters automatic tactile information processing by facilitating stimulus-response mapping in posterior parietal regions.
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Chacko SC, Quinzi F, De Fano A, Bianco V, Mussini E, Berchicci M, Perri RL, Di Russo F. A single bout of vigorous-intensity aerobic exercise affects reactive, but not proactive cognitive brain functions. Int J Psychophysiol 2020; 147:233-243. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpsycho.2019.12.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2019] [Revised: 11/22/2019] [Accepted: 12/06/2019] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
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28
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Lucci G, Pisotta I, Berchicci M, Di Russo F, Bonavita J, Scivoletto G, Spinelli D, Molinari M. Proactive Cortical Control in Spinal Cord Injury Subjects with Paraplegia. J Neurotrauma 2019; 36:3347-3355. [DOI: 10.1089/neu.2018.6307] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Giuliana Lucci
- Electrophysiology of Cognition Lab and Fondazione Santa Lucia IRCCS, Rome, Italy
- Department of Human Sciences, Guglielmo Marconi University, Rome, Italy
| | - Iolanda Pisotta
- SPInal REhabilitation Lab–SPIRE, Fondazione Santa Lucia IRCCS, Rome, Italy
| | - Marika Berchicci
- Department of Movement, Human and Health Sciences, University of Rome “Foro Italico,” Rome, Italy
| | - Francesco Di Russo
- Electrophysiology of Cognition Lab and Fondazione Santa Lucia IRCCS, Rome, Italy
- Department of Movement, Human and Health Sciences, University of Rome “Foro Italico,” Rome, Italy
| | - Jacopo Bonavita
- Spinal Unit, Montecatone Rehabilitation Institute, Imola (Bologna), Italy
| | - Giorgio Scivoletto
- SPInal REhabilitation Lab–SPIRE, Fondazione Santa Lucia IRCCS, Rome, Italy
| | - Donatella Spinelli
- Electrophysiology of Cognition Lab and Fondazione Santa Lucia IRCCS, Rome, Italy
- Department of Movement, Human and Health Sciences, University of Rome “Foro Italico,” Rome, Italy
| | - Marco Molinari
- SPInal REhabilitation Lab–SPIRE, Fondazione Santa Lucia IRCCS, Rome, Italy
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Females are more proactive, males are more reactive: neural basis of the gender-related speed/accuracy trade-off in visuo-motor tasks. Brain Struct Funct 2019; 225:187-201. [DOI: 10.1007/s00429-019-01998-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2019] [Accepted: 11/26/2019] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
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30
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Perri RL, Rossani F, Di Russo F. Neuroelectric evidences of top-down hypnotic modulation associated with somatosensory processing of sensory and limbic regions. Neuroimage 2019; 202:116104. [DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroimage.2019.116104] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2018] [Revised: 04/19/2019] [Accepted: 08/14/2019] [Indexed: 02/02/2023] Open
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31
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Adelhöfer N, Chmielewski WX, Beste C. How perceptual ambiguity affects response inhibition processes. J Neurophysiol 2019; 122:500-511. [PMID: 31166823 DOI: 10.1152/jn.00298.2019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
The ability to inhibit responses is a central requirement for goal-directed behavior but has been dominated by a top-down or cognitive control view. Only recently, the role of bottom-up perceptual factors were focused in research. However, studies usually use clearly distinguishable stimulus categories to trigger response execution or inhibition. In the current study, we present a novel Gabor patch Go/No-go task to induce perceptual ambiguity during response inhibition. To examine the neurophysiological processes in detail, we use EEG recordings and combined temporal EEG signal decomposition methods with source localization analyses. We show that perceptual similarity between Go and No-go trials compromises response inhibition performance. Interestingly, the EEG data show that this is due to a modulation of stimulus-response transition or decision processes, and not purely stimulus-related processes. This was possible by applying a temporal EEG decomposition method. We provide evidence that a prefrontal P2 (pP2) likely reflects decision processes on action execution using stimulus information. These processes were associated with superior and middle prefrontal regions (BA8). When these processes fail, occasions to execute a response become misinterpreted as occasions to inhibit a response. Successful and unsuccessful decisions to inhibit a response under high perceptual ambiguity seem to further depend on how well "what-decisions," supported by neural mechanisms in BA19, can be processed. However, these what-decisions seem to be closely linked to the specification of the required action. Stimulus processing is closely linked to response programming so that response control is already informed when uncertainty with regard to stimulus identity is detected.NEW & NOTEWORTHY This study introduces a novel Go/No-go paradigm and shows what neurophysiological subprocesses and functional neuroanatomical are involved during inhibitory control when ambiguous stimulus input is provided. The results show that bottom-up perceptual processes are important to consider during top-down controlled response inhibition. Stimulus processing is closely linked to response programming so that response control is already informed when uncertainty with regard to stimulus identity is detected.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nico Adelhöfer
- Cognitive Neurophysiology, Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine, TU Dresden, Germany
| | - Witold X Chmielewski
- Cognitive Neurophysiology, Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine, TU Dresden, Germany
| | - Christian Beste
- Cognitive Neurophysiology, Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine, TU Dresden, Germany
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32
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Di Russo F, M B, V B, RL P, S P, F Q, D S. Normative event-related potentials from sensory and cognitive tasks reveal occipital and frontal activities prior and following visual events. Neuroimage 2019; 196:173-187. [DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroimage.2019.04.033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2019] [Revised: 04/07/2019] [Accepted: 04/08/2019] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
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33
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Quinzi F, Berchicci M, Perri RL, Bianco V, Labanca L, Macaluso A, Di Russo F. Contribution of cognitive functions to postural control in anticipating self-paced and externally-triggered lower-limb perturbations. Behav Brain Res 2019; 366:56-66. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bbr.2019.03.033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2018] [Revised: 03/15/2019] [Accepted: 03/15/2019] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
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34
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Chmielewski WX, Beste C. Stimulus Feature Conflicts Enhance Motor Inhibitory Control Processes in the Lateral Prefrontal Cortex. J Cogn Neurosci 2019; 31:1430-1442. [PMID: 31059349 DOI: 10.1162/jocn_a_01424] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
Abstract
The ability to inhibit prepotent responses is a central facet of cognitive control. However, the role of perceptual factors in response inhibition processes is still poorly understood and an underrepresented field of research. In the current study, we focus on the role of conflicts between perceptual stimulus features (so-called S-S conflicts) for response inhibition. We introduce a novel semantic Stroop Condition task and analyze EEG data using source localization and temporal EEG signal decomposition methods to delineate the neural mechanisms how semantic S-S conflicts modulate response inhibition. We show that semantic conflicts enhance response inhibition performance by modulating neural processes relating to conflict resolution mechanisms in the middle and inferior frontal cortex, as well as the ACC. Opposed to that, Stroop-like (S-S) conflicts compromise response execution by affecting decision processes in inferior parietal cortices. The data suggest that when action control processes and their neurophysiological correlates depend on regions specialized in the processing of semantic conflicts, there is an improvement in response inhibition. The results show that Stroop-like semantic conflicts have opposite effects depending on whether a response has to be executed or inhibited. These opposing effects are then also associated with different functional-neuroanatomical structures. The results of the study show mechanisms by which stimulus-related processes influence mechanisms of response control.
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35
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Sanchez-Lopez J, Pedersini CA, Di Russo F, Cardobi N, Fonte C, Varalta V, Prior M, Smania N, Savazzi S, Marzi CA. Visually evoked responses from the blind field of hemianopic patients. Neuropsychologia 2019; 128:127-139. [PMID: 28987906 PMCID: PMC5845440 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuropsychologia.2017.10.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2017] [Revised: 10/02/2017] [Accepted: 10/03/2017] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Hemianopia is a visual field defect characterized by decreased vision or blindness in the contralesional visual field of both eyes. The presence of well documented above-chance unconscious behavioural responses to visual stimuli presented to the blind hemifield (blindsight) has stimulated a great deal of research on the neural basis of this important phenomenon. The present study is concerned with electrophysiological responses from the blind field. Since previous studies found that transient Visual Evoked Potentials (VEPs) are not entirely suitable for this purpose here we propose to use Steady-State VEPs (SSVEPs). A positive result would have important implications for the understanding of the neural bases of conscious vision. We carried out a passive SSVEP stimulation with healthy participants and hemianopic patients. Stimuli consisted of four black-and-white sinusoidal Gabor gratings presented one in each visual field quadrant and flickering one at a time at a 12Hz rate. To assess response reliability a Signal-to-Noise Ratio analysis was conducted together with further analyses in time and frequency domains to make comparisons between groups (healthy participants and patients), side of brain lesion (left and right) and visual fields (sighted and blind). The important overall result was that stimulus presentation to the blind hemifield yielded highly reliable responses with time and frequency features broadly similar to those found for cortical extrastriate areas in healthy controls. Moreover, in the intact hemifield of hemianopics and in healthy controls there was evidence of a role of prefrontal structures in perceptual awareness. Finally, the presence of different patterns of brain reorganization depended upon the side of lesion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Javier Sanchez-Lopez
- Department of Neuroscience, Biomedicine and Movement, University of Verona, Italy.
| | - Caterina A Pedersini
- Department of Neuroscience, Biomedicine and Movement, University of Verona, Italy
| | - Francesco Di Russo
- Department. of Movement, Human and Health Sciences, University of Rome "Foro Italico", Rome, Italy; IRCCS Santa Lucia Foundation, Rome, Italy
| | - Nicolò Cardobi
- Department of Neuroscience, Biomedicine and Movement, University of Verona, Italy
| | - Cristina Fonte
- Neuromotor and Cognitive Rehabilitation Research Center, Department of Neuroscience, Biomedicine and Movement, University of Verona, Italy
| | - Valentina Varalta
- Neuromotor and Cognitive Rehabilitation Research Center, Department of Neuroscience, Biomedicine and Movement, University of Verona, Italy
| | | | - Nicola Smania
- Neuromotor and Cognitive Rehabilitation Research Center, Department of Neuroscience, Biomedicine and Movement, University of Verona, Italy
| | - Silvia Savazzi
- Department of Neuroscience, Biomedicine and Movement, University of Verona, Italy; Perception and Awareness (PandA) Laboratory, Department of Neuroscience, Biomedicine and Movement, University of Verona, Italy; National Institute of Neuroscience, Verona, Italy
| | - Carlo A Marzi
- Department of Neuroscience, Biomedicine and Movement, University of Verona, Italy; National Institute of Neuroscience, Verona, Italy
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36
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Berchicci M, Ten Brink AF, Quinzi F, Perri RL, Spinelli D, Di Russo F. Electrophysiological evidence of sustained spatial attention effects over anterior cortex: Possible contribution of the anterior insula. Psychophysiology 2019; 56:e13369. [DOI: 10.1111/psyp.13369] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2018] [Revised: 02/11/2019] [Accepted: 02/26/2019] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Marika Berchicci
- Department of Movement, Human, and Health Sciences University of Rome “Foro Italico” Rome Italy
| | - Antonia Francisca Ten Brink
- Center of Excellence for Rehabilitation Medicine, Brain Center Rudolf Magnus University Medical Center Utrecht, and De Hoogstraat Rehabilitation Utrecht the Netherlands
| | - Federico Quinzi
- Santa Lucia Foundation (IRCCS Fondazione Santa Lucia) Rome Italy
| | | | - Donatella Spinelli
- Department of Movement, Human, and Health Sciences University of Rome “Foro Italico” Rome Italy
| | - Francesco Di Russo
- Department of Movement, Human, and Health Sciences University of Rome “Foro Italico” Rome Italy
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37
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Perri RL, Berchicci M, Bianco V, Quinzi F, Spinelli D, Di Russo F. Perceptual load in decision making: The role of anterior insula and visual areas. An ERP study. Neuropsychologia 2019; 129:65-71. [PMID: 30902649 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuropsychologia.2019.03.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2018] [Revised: 02/11/2019] [Accepted: 03/17/2019] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
Abstract
The present study aimed at describing the effects of perceptual load on neurocognitive processes of decision-making. To this aim, we used a visual-motor discriminative task in which pairs of stimuli were assigned to either target or non-target categories. For each category, stimulus configuration was defined as simple or complex according to orientation and arrangement of the constituent segments. Analyses of prefrontal ERPs revealed that the pP1 component (at 180 ms) was larger for complex stimuli than simple for both categories, and the same result was found for the pP2 component (at 320 ms). Occipital ERPs revealed effects of perceptual load on the N1 component, but not on the mainly exogenous P1 component, indicating that amplitude modulations of prefrontal ERPs were not due to physical difference between simple and complex stimuli. Based on the recent literature, we discussed the pP1 activity as reflecting a process of sensory-motor integration, and the pP2 as a stimulus-response mapping process resulting from two gradients of activity: one category-based (larger for target than non-target stimuli), the other decision effort-based (enhanced when categorization implied a greater attentional load). Previous ERP-fMRI studies and present source analysis support the view that prefrontal ERPs were generated mainly by activity in the anterior Insula.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rinaldo Livio Perri
- Dept. of Movement, Human and Health Sciences, University of Rome "Foro Italico", Italy; University of Rome "Niccolò Cusano", Italy.
| | - Marika Berchicci
- Dept. of Movement, Human and Health Sciences, University of Rome "Foro Italico", Italy
| | | | | | - Donatella Spinelli
- Dept. of Movement, Human and Health Sciences, University of Rome "Foro Italico", Italy
| | - Francesco Di Russo
- Dept. of Movement, Human and Health Sciences, University of Rome "Foro Italico", Italy
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38
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Magnuson JR, Peatfield NA, Fickling SD, Nunes AS, Christie G, Vakorin V, D’Arcy RCN, Ribary U, Iarocci G, Moreno S, Doesburg SM. Electrophysiology of Inhibitory Control in the Context of Emotion Processing in Children With Autism Spectrum Disorder. Front Hum Neurosci 2019; 13:78. [PMID: 30914937 PMCID: PMC6422887 DOI: 10.3389/fnhum.2019.00078] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2018] [Accepted: 02/14/2019] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) is an increasingly common developmental disorder that affects 1 in 59 children. Despite this high prevalence of ASD, knowledge regarding the biological basis of its associated cognitive difficulties remains scant. In this study, we aimed to identify altered neurophysiological responses underlying inhibitory control and emotion processing difficulties in ASD, together with their associations with age and various domains of cognitive and social function. This was accomplished by assessing electroencephalographic recordings during an emotional go/nogo task alongside parent rating scales of behavior. Event related potential (ERP) N200 component amplitudes were reduced in children with ASD compared to typically developing (TD) children. No group differences were found, however, for task performance, P300 amplitude or latency, or N170 amplitude or latency, suggesting that individuals with ASD may only present conflict monitoring abnormalities, as reflected by the reduced N200 component, compared to TD individuals. Consistent with previous findings, increased age correlated with improved task performance scores and reduced N200 amplitude in the TD group, indicating that as these children develop, their neural systems become more efficient. These associations were not identified in the ASD group. Results also showed significant associations between increased N200 amplitudes and improved executive control abilities and decreased autism traits in TD children only. The newly discovered findings of decreased brain activation in children with ASD, alongside differences in correlations with age compared to TD children, provide a potential neurophysiological indicator of atypical development of inhibitory control mechanisms in these individuals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Justine R. Magnuson
- Department of Biomedical Physiology and Kinesiology, Simon Fraser University, Burnaby, BC, Canada
- Behavioural and Cognitive Neuroscience Institute, Simon Fraser University, Burnaby, BC, Canada
| | | | - Shaun D. Fickling
- School of Engineering Science, Simon Fraser University, Surrey, BC, Canada
- NeuroTech Laboratory, Surrey Memorial Hospital, Surrey, BC, Canada
| | - Adonay S. Nunes
- Department of Biomedical Physiology and Kinesiology, Simon Fraser University, Burnaby, BC, Canada
- Behavioural and Cognitive Neuroscience Institute, Simon Fraser University, Burnaby, BC, Canada
| | - Greg Christie
- Digital Health Hub, Simon Fraser University, Surrey, BC, Canada
- AGE-WELL National Innovation Hub: Digital Health Circle, Surrey, BC, Canada
| | - Vasily Vakorin
- Department of Biomedical Physiology and Kinesiology, Simon Fraser University, Burnaby, BC, Canada
- Behavioural and Cognitive Neuroscience Institute, Simon Fraser University, Burnaby, BC, Canada
| | - Ryan C. N. D’Arcy
- School of Engineering Science, Simon Fraser University, Surrey, BC, Canada
- NeuroTech Laboratory, Surrey Memorial Hospital, Surrey, BC, Canada
- Surrey Memorial Hospital, Health Sciences and Innovation, Surrey, BC, Canada
| | - Urs Ribary
- Behavioural and Cognitive Neuroscience Institute, Simon Fraser University, Burnaby, BC, Canada
- Department of Psychology, Simon Fraser University, Burnaby, BC, Canada
- Department Pediatrics and Psychiatry, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
- BC Children’s Hospital Research Institute, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - Grace Iarocci
- Department of Psychology, Simon Fraser University, Burnaby, BC, Canada
| | - Sylvain Moreno
- Digital Health Hub, Simon Fraser University, Surrey, BC, Canada
- AGE-WELL National Innovation Hub: Digital Health Circle, Surrey, BC, Canada
- Department of School of Interactive Art and Technology, Simon Fraser University, Surrey, BC, Canada
| | - Sam M. Doesburg
- Department of Biomedical Physiology and Kinesiology, Simon Fraser University, Burnaby, BC, Canada
- Behavioural and Cognitive Neuroscience Institute, Simon Fraser University, Burnaby, BC, Canada
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39
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Ragazzoni A, Di Russo F, Fabbri S, Pesaresi I, Di Rollo A, Perri RL, Barloscio D, Bocci T, Cosottini M, Sartucci F. "Hit the missing stimulus". A simultaneous EEG-fMRI study to localize the generators of endogenous ERPs in an omitted target paradigm. Sci Rep 2019; 9:3684. [PMID: 30842443 PMCID: PMC6403295 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-019-39812-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2018] [Accepted: 01/11/2019] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Event-Related Potentials (ERPs) occurring independently from any stimulus are purely endogenous (emitted potentials) and their neural generators can be unequivocally linked with cognitive processes. In the present study, the subjects performed two similar visual counting tasks: a standard two-stimulus oddball, and an omitted-target oddball task, characterized by the physical absence of the target stimulus. Our investigation aimed at localizing the neural sources of the scalp-recorded endogenous/emitted ERPs. To optimize the source localization, the high temporal resolution of electrophysiology was combined with the fine spatial information provided by the simultaneous recording of functional magnetic resonance (fMRI). Both tasks identified two endogenous ERP components in the 300 to 520 ms interval. An earlier component, pP2, showed a bilateral generator in the anterior Insula. A later P3 component (P3b) was generated bilaterally in the temporal-parietal junction, the premotor and motor area and the anterior intraparietal sulcus (this latter one only in the standard oddball). Anticipatory slow waves (beginning 900 to 500 ms pre-stimulus), also of endogenous nature, were produced by the inferior and middle frontal gyrus and the supplementary and cingulate motor areas. Our protocol disentangled pre- from post-stimulus fMRI activations and provided original clues to the psychophysiological interpretation of emitted/endogenous ERPs.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Francesco Di Russo
- Department of Movement, Human and Health Sciences, University of Rome "Foro Italico", Rome, Italy.
| | - Serena Fabbri
- Neuroradiology Unit, A.O.U.P., Pisa, Italy.,Department of Translational Research and New Technologies in Medicine and Surgery, University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy
| | | | - Andrea Di Rollo
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Unit of Neurophysiopathology, Pisa University Medical School, Pisa, Italy
| | - Rinaldo Livio Perri
- Department of Movement, Human and Health Sciences, University of Rome "Foro Italico", Rome, Italy
| | - Davide Barloscio
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Unit of Neurophysiopathology, Pisa University Medical School, Pisa, Italy
| | - Tommaso Bocci
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Unit of Neurophysiopathology, Pisa University Medical School, Pisa, Italy.,"Aldo Ravelli" Center for Neurotechnology and Experiental Brain Therapeutics, Department of Health Sciences, University of Milan & ASST Santi Paolo e Carlo, Milan, Italy
| | - Mirco Cosottini
- Neuroradiology Unit, A.O.U.P., Pisa, Italy.,Department of Translational Research and New Technologies in Medicine and Surgery, University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy
| | - Ferdinando Sartucci
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Unit of Neurophysiopathology, Pisa University Medical School, Pisa, Italy.,CNR, Neuroscience Institute, Pisa, Italy
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40
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Chmielewski W, Bluschke A, Bodmer B, Wolff N, Roessner V, Beste C. Evidence for an altered architecture and a hierarchical modulation of inhibitory control processes in ADHD. Dev Cogn Neurosci 2019; 36:100623. [PMID: 30738306 PMCID: PMC6969218 DOI: 10.1016/j.dcn.2019.100623] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2018] [Revised: 01/29/2019] [Accepted: 01/29/2019] [Indexed: 01/23/2023] Open
Abstract
Inhibitory control deficits are a hallmark in ADHD. Yet, inhibitory control includes a multitude of entities (e.g. ‘inhibition of interferences’ and ‘action inhibition’). Examining the interplay between these kinds of inhibitory control provides insights into the architecture of inhibitory control in ADHD. Combining a Simon task and a Go/Nogo task, we assessed the interplay of ‘inhibition of interferences’ and ‘action inhibition’. This was combined with EEG recordings, EEG data decomposition and source localization. Simon interference effects in Go trials were larger in ADHD. At the neurophysiological level, this insufficient inhibition of interferences in ADHD related to the superior parietal cortex. Simon interference effects were absent in action inhibition (Nogo) trials in ADHD, compared to controls. This was supported by bayesian statistics. The power of effects was higher than 95%. The differential effects between the groups were associated with modulations of neurophysiological response selection processes in the superior frontal gyrus. ADHD is not only associated with deficits in inhibitory control. Rather, the organization and architecture of the inhibitory control system is different in ADHD. Distinguishable inhibitory control processes operate on a hierarchical ‘first come, first serve’ basis and are not integrated in ADHD. This is a new facet of ADHD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Witold Chmielewski
- Cognitive Neurophysiology, Department of Child Adolescent Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine, TU Dresden, Germany
| | - Annet Bluschke
- Cognitive Neurophysiology, Department of Child Adolescent Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine, TU Dresden, Germany
| | - Benjamin Bodmer
- Cognitive Neurophysiology, Department of Child Adolescent Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine, TU Dresden, Germany
| | - Nicole Wolff
- Cognitive Neurophysiology, Department of Child Adolescent Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine, TU Dresden, Germany
| | - Veit Roessner
- Cognitive Neurophysiology, Department of Child Adolescent Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine, TU Dresden, Germany
| | - Christian Beste
- Cognitive Neurophysiology, Department of Child Adolescent Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine, TU Dresden, Germany.
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41
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Quinzi F, Berchicci M, Bianco V, Perri RL, Di Russo F. The independency of the Bereitschaftspotential from previous stimulus-locked P3 in visuomotor response tasks. Psychophysiology 2018; 56:e13296. [DOI: 10.1111/psyp.13296] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2018] [Revised: 09/12/2018] [Accepted: 09/20/2018] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | - Marika Berchicci
- Department of Movement, Human and Health Science; University of Rome “Foro Italico,” Rome; Italy
| | | | | | - Francesco Di Russo
- IRCCS Santa Lucia Foundation; Rome Italy
- Department of Movement, Human and Health Science; University of Rome “Foro Italico,” Rome; Italy
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42
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Weak proactive cognitive/motor brain control accounts for poor children’s behavioral performance in speeded discrimination tasks. Biol Psychol 2018; 138:211-222. [DOI: 10.1016/j.biopsycho.2018.08.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2017] [Revised: 07/09/2018] [Accepted: 08/16/2018] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
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43
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Perri RL, Berchicci M, Bianco V, Quinzi F, Spinelli D, Di Russo F. Awareness of perception and sensory-motor integration: ERPs from the anterior insula. Brain Struct Funct 2018; 223:3577-3592. [PMID: 29978306 DOI: 10.1007/s00429-018-1709-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2017] [Accepted: 07/03/2018] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
The present work follows recent evidences of studies showing that visual stimuli evoke two early prefrontal event-related potentials (ERP) concomitant to the canonical occipital activities, but originating within the anterior insula (the pN1 and the pP1 components). To clarify the exogenous/endogenous nature of these components, we performed two experiments in which stimulus physical features (Experiment 1) and motor demands of the task (Experiment 2) were considered. In a simple response task (SRT), low-visibility stimuli evoked larger pN1 over the prefrontal areas (Experiment 1) with respect to high-visibility stimuli; in contrast, the occipital P1 component (concomitant to the pN1) had reduced amplitude in the low-visibility condition as expected. Furthermore, the latency of the P1, pN1 and pP1 was slower in the low-visibility condition (from 8 to 18 ms), and the motor response was slowed down as well (on average 14 ms). Pre-stimulus analysis showed that low-visibility stimuli were preceded by greater motor readiness. On the other hand, Experiment 2 showed that, compared with the SRT, the request to passively view the same stimuli was associated with smaller pP1. ERP source analysis confirmed the anterior insula source of the prefrontal ERPs; we interpreted these activities as the correlate of two top-down perceptual processing: the sensory awareness (the pN1) and the awareness of the sensory-motor integration (the pP1), associated with the subjective experience of the visual perception and the conscious experience of the sensory-motor coupling, respectively.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rinaldo Livio Perri
- Department of Movement, Human and Health Sciences, University of Rome "Foro Italico", 15 Piazza Lauro de Bosis, 00135, Rome, Italy. .,University "Niccolò Cusano", Rome, Italy.
| | - Marika Berchicci
- Department of Movement, Human and Health Sciences, University of Rome "Foro Italico", 15 Piazza Lauro de Bosis, 00135, Rome, Italy
| | - Valentina Bianco
- Department of Movement, Human and Health Sciences, University of Rome "Foro Italico", 15 Piazza Lauro de Bosis, 00135, Rome, Italy
| | - Federico Quinzi
- Department of Movement, Human and Health Sciences, University of Rome "Foro Italico", 15 Piazza Lauro de Bosis, 00135, Rome, Italy.,IRCCS Santa Lucia Foundation, Rome, Italy
| | - Donatella Spinelli
- Department of Movement, Human and Health Sciences, University of Rome "Foro Italico", 15 Piazza Lauro de Bosis, 00135, Rome, Italy.,IRCCS Santa Lucia Foundation, Rome, Italy
| | - Francesco Di Russo
- Department of Movement, Human and Health Sciences, University of Rome "Foro Italico", 15 Piazza Lauro de Bosis, 00135, Rome, Italy.,IRCCS Santa Lucia Foundation, Rome, Italy
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44
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Hartwigsen G, Neef NE, Camilleri JA, Margulies DS, Eickhoff SB. Functional Segregation of the Right Inferior Frontal Gyrus: Evidence From Coactivation-Based Parcellation. Cereb Cortex 2018; 29:1532-1546. [DOI: 10.1093/cercor/bhy049] [Citation(s) in RCA: 61] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2017] [Revised: 02/13/2018] [Accepted: 02/14/2018] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Gesa Hartwigsen
- Research Group Modulation of Language Networks, Department of Neuropsychology, Max Planck Institute for Human Cognitive and Brain Sciences, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Nicole E Neef
- Department of Neuropsychology, Max Planck Institute for Human Cognitive and Brain Sciences, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Julia A Camilleri
- Institute of Systems Neuroscience, Medical Faculty, Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany
- Institute of Neuroscience and Medicine, Brain & Behavior (INM-7), Research Centre Jülich, Jülich, Germany
| | - Daniel S Margulies
- Frontlab, Institut du Cerveau et de la Moelle épinière (ICM), UPMC UMRS 1127, Inserm U 1127, CNRS UMR 7225, Paris, France
| | - Simon B Eickhoff
- Institute of Systems Neuroscience, Medical Faculty, Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany
- Institute of Neuroscience and Medicine, Brain & Behavior (INM-7), Research Centre Jülich, Jülich, Germany
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45
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Pitzalis S, Strappini F, Bultrini A, Di Russo F. Detailed spatiotemporal brain mapping of chromatic vision combining high-resolution VEP with fMRI and retinotopy. Hum Brain Mapp 2018. [PMID: 29536594 DOI: 10.1002/hbm.24046] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Neuroimaging studies have identified so far, several color-sensitive visual areas in the human brain, and the temporal dynamics of these activities have been separately investigated using the visual-evoked potentials (VEPs). In the present study, we combined electrophysiological and neuroimaging methods to determine a detailed spatiotemporal profile of chromatic VEP and to localize its neural generators. The accuracy of the present co-registration study was obtained by combining standard fMRI data with retinotopic and motion mapping data at the individual level. We found a sequence of occipito activities more complex than that typically reported for chromatic VEPs, including feed-forward and reentrant feedback. Results showed that chromatic human perception arises by the combined activity of at the least five parieto-occipital areas including V1, LOC, V8/VO, and the motion-sensitive dorsal region MT+. However, the contribution of V1 and V8/VO seems dominant because the re-entrant activity in these areas was present more than once (twice in V8/VO and thrice in V1). This feedforward and feedback chromatic processing appears delayed compared with the luminance processing. Associating VEPs and neuroimaging measures, we showed for the first time a complex spatiotemporal pattern of activity, confirming that chromatic stimuli produce intricate interactions of many different brain dorsal and ventral areas.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sabrina Pitzalis
- Department of Movement, Human and Health Sciences, University of Rome "Foro Italico,", Rome, Italy.,Santa Lucia Foundation, IRCCS, Rome, Italy
| | | | - Alessandro Bultrini
- Department of Movement, Human and Health Sciences, University of Rome "Foro Italico,", Rome, Italy
| | - Francesco Di Russo
- Department of Movement, Human and Health Sciences, University of Rome "Foro Italico,", Rome, Italy.,Santa Lucia Foundation, IRCCS, Rome, Italy
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46
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Perri RL, Di Russo F. Executive Functions and Performance Variability Measured by Event-Related Potentials to Understand the Neural Bases of Perceptual Decision-Making. Front Hum Neurosci 2017; 11:556. [PMID: 29187818 PMCID: PMC5694828 DOI: 10.3389/fnhum.2017.00556] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2017] [Accepted: 11/01/2017] [Indexed: 01/25/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Rinaldo L Perri
- Department Unicusano, University Niccolò Cusano, Rome, Italy.,Department of Movement, Human and Health Sciences, Foro Italico University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Francesco Di Russo
- Department of Movement, Human and Health Sciences, Foro Italico University of Rome, Rome, Italy.,IRCCS Santa Lucia Foundation, Rome, Italy
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47
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Zeri F, Berchicci M, Naroo SA, Pitzalis S, Di Russo F. Immediate cortical adaptation in visual and non-visual areas functions induced by monovision. J Physiol 2017; 596:253-266. [PMID: 29071723 DOI: 10.1113/jp274896] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2017] [Accepted: 10/18/2017] [Indexed: 11/08/2022] Open
Abstract
KEY POINTS Monovision is an optical correction for presbyopes that consists of correcting one eye for far distance and the other for near distance, creating a superimposition of an in-focus with a blurred image. Brain adaptation to monovision was studied in unexperienced observers by measuring visual evoked potentials from 64-channels. The first clear effect of monovision on visual evoked potentials was the C1 amplitude reduction, indicating that the unilateral blurring induced by monovision reduces feed-forward activity in primary visual area. Monovision led also to an increased amplitude of the P1 and pP1 components, with the latter originating in prefrontal regions. This effect probably works as an attentional compensatory activity used to compensate for the degraded V1 signal. ABSTRACT A common and often successful option to correct presbyopia with contact lenses is monovision. This is an unbalanced correction across the two eyes where one eye is corrected for far vision and the other eye is corrected for near vision. Monovision is therefore a form of acquired anisometropia that causes a superimposition of an in-focus image with a blurred image. In spite of this visual anisometropia, monovision has been successfully used for many decadesl however the brain mechanism supporting monovision is not well understood. The present study aimed to measure the visual evoked potentials with a high-density electrode array (64-channel) in a group of presbyopes and to provide a detailed spatiotemporal analysis of the cortical activity after a short period of adaptation to monovision with contact lenses. When compared with a balanced eye near correction, monovision produced both a clear reduction of the earliest visual evoked potential components, the C1 and the N1, and an amplitude increase of the P1 and pP1. These results indicate that the unilateral blurring induced by wearing monovision contact lenses reduces feed-forward activity in the primary visual area and feedback activity in extrastriate areas (C1 and N1 reduction). Interestingly, other brain activities in both extrastriate visual areas (the P1 component) and in the anterior insula (the pP1 component) appear to compensate for this dysfunction, increasing their activity during monovision. These changes confirm the presence of fluid brain adaptation in visual and non-visual areas during monocular interferences.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fabrizio Zeri
- Ophthalmic Research Group, School of Life and Health Sciences, Aston University, Birmingham, UK
| | - Marika Berchicci
- Department of Movement, Human and Health Sciences, University of Rome 'Foro Italico', Rome, Italy
| | - Shehzad A Naroo
- Ophthalmic Research Group, School of Life and Health Sciences, Aston University, Birmingham, UK
| | - Sabrina Pitzalis
- Department of Movement, Human and Health Sciences, University of Rome 'Foro Italico', Rome, Italy.,IRCCS Santa Lucia Foundation Rome, Italy
| | - Francesco Di Russo
- Department of Movement, Human and Health Sciences, University of Rome 'Foro Italico', Rome, Italy.,IRCCS Santa Lucia Foundation Rome, Italy
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48
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Perri RL, Berchicci M, Bianco V, Spinelli D, Di Russo F. Brain waves from an "isolated" cortex: contribution of the anterior insula to cognitive functions. Brain Struct Funct 2017; 223:1343-1355. [PMID: 29124352 DOI: 10.1007/s00429-017-1560-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2016] [Accepted: 11/01/2017] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Using two independent electrical neuroimaging techniques (BESA and sLORETA), we tested a fMRI-seeded source modeling indicating that in visual discriminative tasks the anterior insula (aIns) participates in the generation of three prefrontal ERP components: the pN1 (at 115 ms), the pP1 (at 170 ms), and the pP2 (at 300 ms). This latter component represented the focus of the present study. Results showed that the pP2 had different activation profiles across hemispheres. The left aIns activity peaked at 420 ms (30 ms before the response) for both Go and No-go trials, that is independently from the ultimate choice (response or inhibition). The right aIns activity started at about 250 ms and progressively increased for a time interval extending after the motor response; its amplitude was larger in case of Go than No-go stimuli. We suggest that the activation of the left aIns reflected the timing of the decision, and the right aIns the categorization and the performance monitoring processes. A control experiment requiring simple (not discriminative) motor response revealed that the pP2 and the aIns activity were nearly absent after the 250 ms; this result confirmed that the aIns activity at this stage is associated with the decisional processes, and not with the motor response per se. The present investigation shed new lights on the insular contribution to perceptual decision-making, and opens to the possibility of assessing the aIns activity via ERP analysis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rinaldo Livio Perri
- Department of Movement, Human and Health Sciences, University of Rome "Foro Italico", Piazza Lauro de Bosis 15, 00135, Rome, Italy.
- University Niccolò Cusano, Rome, Italy.
| | - Marika Berchicci
- Department of Movement, Human and Health Sciences, University of Rome "Foro Italico", Piazza Lauro de Bosis 15, 00135, Rome, Italy
| | - Valentina Bianco
- Department of Movement, Human and Health Sciences, University of Rome "Foro Italico", Piazza Lauro de Bosis 15, 00135, Rome, Italy
| | - Donatella Spinelli
- Department of Movement, Human and Health Sciences, University of Rome "Foro Italico", Piazza Lauro de Bosis 15, 00135, Rome, Italy
- IRCCS Santa Lucia Foundation, Rome, Italy
| | - Francesco Di Russo
- Department of Movement, Human and Health Sciences, University of Rome "Foro Italico", Piazza Lauro de Bosis 15, 00135, Rome, Italy
- IRCCS Santa Lucia Foundation, Rome, Italy
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49
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Mifsud NG, Whitford TJ. Sensory attenuation of self-initiated sounds maps onto habitual associations between motor action and sound. Neuropsychologia 2017; 103:38-43. [DOI: 10.1016/j.neuropsychologia.2017.07.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2017] [Revised: 05/06/2017] [Accepted: 07/14/2017] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
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50
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Di Russo F, Berchicci M, Bozzacchi C, Perri R, Pitzalis S, Spinelli D. Beyond the “Bereitschaftspotential”: Action preparation behind cognitive functions. Neurosci Biobehav Rev 2017; 78:57-81. [DOI: 10.1016/j.neubiorev.2017.04.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 97] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2016] [Revised: 04/13/2017] [Accepted: 04/19/2017] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
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