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Zhang F, Özdemir B, Nguyen PQ, Andrukhov O, Rausch-Fan X. Methanandamide diminish the Porphyromonas gingivalis lipopolysaccharide induced response in human periodontal ligament cells. BMC Oral Health 2020; 20:107. [PMID: 32295577 PMCID: PMC7161139 DOI: 10.1186/s12903-020-01087-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2019] [Accepted: 03/25/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The endocannabinoid system is involved in the regulation of periodontal tissue homeostasis. Synthetic cannabinoid methanandamide (Meth-AEA) has improved stability and affinity to cannabinoid receptors compared to its endogenous analog anandamide. In the present study, we investigated the effect of methanandamide on the production of pro-inflammatory mediators in primary human periodontal ligament cells (hPdLCs). METHODS hPdLCs were treated with Meth-AEA for 24 h, and the resulting production of interleukin (IL)-6, IL-8, and monocyte chemotactic protein (MCP)-1 was measured in the absence or the presence of Porphyromonas gingivalis lipopolysaccharide (LPS). Additionally, the effect of Meth-AEA on the proliferation/viability of hPdLCs was measured by the MTT method. RESULTS Methanandamide at a concentration of 10 μM significantly inhibited P. gingivalis LPS induced production of IL-6, IL-8, and MCP-1. Basal production of IL-6 and IL-8 was slightly enhanced by 10 μM Meth-AEA. No effect of Meth-AEA on the basal production of MCP-1 was observed. Meth-AEA in concentrations up to 10 μM did not affect the proliferation/viability of hPdLCs, but significantly inhibited it at a concentration of 30 μM. CONCLUSION Our study suggests that the inflammatory response in periodontal ligament cells could be influenced by the activation of the cannabinoid system, which might be potentially involved in the progression of periodontal disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fengqiu Zhang
- Department of Periodontology, Capital Medical University School of Stomatology, Beijing, China
- Division of Conservative Dentistry and Periodontology, University Clinic of Dentistry, Medical University of Vienna, Sensengasse 2a, 1090, Vienna, Austria
| | - Burcu Özdemir
- Division of Conservative Dentistry and Periodontology, University Clinic of Dentistry, Medical University of Vienna, Sensengasse 2a, 1090, Vienna, Austria
- Department of Periodontology, Faculty of Dentistry, Gazi University, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Phuong Quynh Nguyen
- Division of Conservative Dentistry and Periodontology, University Clinic of Dentistry, Medical University of Vienna, Sensengasse 2a, 1090, Vienna, Austria
| | - Oleh Andrukhov
- Division of Conservative Dentistry and Periodontology, University Clinic of Dentistry, Medical University of Vienna, Sensengasse 2a, 1090, Vienna, Austria.
| | - Xiaohui Rausch-Fan
- Division of Conservative Dentistry and Periodontology, University Clinic of Dentistry, Medical University of Vienna, Sensengasse 2a, 1090, Vienna, Austria
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Grabiec U, Dehghani F. N-Arachidonoyl Dopamine: A Novel Endocannabinoid and Endovanilloid with Widespread Physiological and Pharmacological Activities. Cannabis Cannabinoid Res 2017; 2:183-196. [PMID: 29082315 PMCID: PMC5627668 DOI: 10.1089/can.2017.0015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
N-arachidonoyl dopamine (NADA) is a member of the family of endocannabinoids to which several other N-acyldopamines belong as well. Their activity is mediated through various targets that include cannabinoid receptors or transient receptor potential vanilloid (TRPV)1. Synthesis and degradation of NADA are not yet fully understood. Nonetheless, there is evidence that NADA plays an important role in nociception and inflammation in the central and peripheral nervous system. The TRPV1 receptor, for which NADA is a potent agonist, was shown to be an endogenous transducer of noxious heat. Moreover, it has been demonstrated that NADA exerts protective and antioxidative properties in microglial cell cultures, cortical neurons, and organotypical hippocampal slice cultures. NADA is present in very low concentrations in the brain and is seemingly not involved in activation of the classical pathways. We believe that treatment with exogenous NADA during and after injury might be beneficial. This review summarizes the recent findings on biochemical properties of NADA and other N-acyldopamines and their role in physiological and pathological processes. These findings provide strong evidence that NADA is an effective agent to manage neuroinflammatory diseases or pain and can be useful in designing novel therapeutic strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Urszula Grabiec
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, Martin Luther University Halle-Wittenberg, Halle (Saale), Germany
| | - Faramarz Dehghani
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, Martin Luther University Halle-Wittenberg, Halle (Saale), Germany
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Zhang Y, Xie H, Lei G, Li F, Pan J, Liu C, Liu Z, Liu L, Cao X. Regulatory effects of anandamide on intracellular Ca(2+) concentration increase in trigeminal ganglion neurons. Neural Regen Res 2014; 9:878-87. [PMID: 25206906 PMCID: PMC4146256 DOI: 10.4103/1673-5374.131607] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 03/21/2014] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Activation of cannabinoid receptor type 1 on presynaptic neurons is postulated to suppress neurotransmission by decreasing Ca2+ influx through high voltage-gated Ca2+ channels. However, recent studies suggest that cannabinoids which activate cannabinoid receptor type 1 can increase neurotransmitter release by enhancing Ca2+ influx in vitro. The aim of the present study was to investigate the modulation of intracellular Ca2+ concentration by the cannabinoid receptor type 1 agonist anandamide, and its underlying mechanisms. Using whole cell voltage-clamp and calcium imaging in cultured trigeminal ganglion neurons, we found that anandamide directly caused Ca2+ influx in a dose-dependent manner, which then triggered an increase of intracellular Ca2+ concentration. The cyclic adenosine and guanosine monophosphate-dependent protein kinase systems, but not the protein kinase C system, were involved in the increased intracellular Ca2+ concentration by anandamide. This result showed that anandamide increased intracellular Ca2+ concentration and inhibited high voltage-gated Ca2+ channels through different signal transduction pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi Zhang
- Department of Anesthesiology, Tongji Hospital Affiliated to Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei Province, China
| | - Hong Xie
- Jingzhou Central Hospital, Jingzhou, Hubei Province, China
| | - Gang Lei
- Department of Physiology, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei Province, China
| | - Fen Li
- Department of Physiology, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei Province, China
| | - Jianping Pan
- Department of Physiology, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei Province, China
| | - Changjin Liu
- Department of Physiology, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei Province, China
| | - Zhiguo Liu
- Department of Bioengineering, Wuhan Institute of Engineering, Wuhan, Hubei Province, China
| | - Lieju Liu
- Department of Bioengineering, Wuhan Institute of Engineering, Wuhan, Hubei Province, China
| | - Xuehong Cao
- Department of Physiology, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei Province, China ; Department of Bioengineering, Wuhan Institute of Engineering, Wuhan, Hubei Province, China
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Goonawardena AV, Sesay J, Sexton CA, Riedel G, Hampson RE. Pharmacological elevation of anandamide impairs short-term memory by altering the neurophysiology in the hippocampus. Neuropharmacology 2011; 61:1016-25. [PMID: 21767554 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuropharm.2011.07.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2010] [Revised: 06/05/2011] [Accepted: 07/01/2011] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
In rodents, many exogenous cannabinoid agonists including Δ(9)-THC and WIN55,212-2 (WIN-2) have been shown to impair short-term memory (STM) by inhibition of hippocampal neuronal assemblies. However, the mechanisms by which endocannabinoids such as anandamide and 2-arachidonyl glycerol (2-AG) modulate STM processes are not well understood. Here the effects of anandamide on performance of a Delayed-Non-Match-to-Sample (DNMS) task (i.e. STM task) and concomitant hippocampal ensemble activity were assessed following administration of either URB597 (0.3, 3.0 mg/kg), an inhibitor of the Fatty Acid Amide Hydrolase (FAAH), AM404 (1.5, 10.0 mg/kg), a putative anandamide uptake/FAAH inhibitor, or R-methanandamide (3.0, 10.0 mg/kg), a stable analog of anandamide. Principal cells from hippocampal CA3/CA1 were recorded extracellularly by multi-electrode arrays in Long-Evans rats during DNMS task (1-30 s delays) performance and tracked throughout drug administration and recovery. Both R-methanandamide and URB597 caused dose- and delay-dependent deficits in DNMS performance with suppression of hippocampal ensemble activity during the encoding (sample) phase. R-methanandamide-induced effects were not reversed by capsaicin excluding a contribution of TRPV-1 receptors. AM404 produced subtle deficits at longer delay intervals but did not alter hippocampal neuronal activity during task-specific events. Collectively, these data indicate that endocannabinoid levels affect performance in a STM task and their pharmacological elevation beyond normal concentrations is detrimental also for the underlying physiological responses. They also highlight a specific window of memory processing, i.e. encoding, which is sensitive to cannabinoid modulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anushka V Goonawardena
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Wake Forest University School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC 271157-1083, USA
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Li C, Jones PM, Persaud SJ. Role of the endocannabinoid system in food intake, energy homeostasis and regulation of the endocrine pancreas. Pharmacol Ther 2011; 129:307-20. [DOI: 10.1016/j.pharmthera.2010.10.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 69] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2010] [Accepted: 10/13/2010] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
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Edwards JG, Gibson HE, Jensen T, Nugent F, Walther C, Blickenstaff J, Kauer JA. A novel non-CB1/TRPV1 endocannabinoid-mediated mechanism depresses excitatory synapses on hippocampal CA1 interneurons. Hippocampus 2010; 22:209-21. [PMID: 21069781 DOI: 10.1002/hipo.20884] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 08/15/2010] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
Endocannabinoids (eCBs) mediate various forms of synaptic plasticity at excitatory and inhibitory synapses in the brain. The eCB anandamide binds to several receptors including the transient receptor potential vanilloid 1 (TRPV1) and cannabinoid receptor 1 (CB1). We recently identified that TRPV1 is required for long-term depression at excitatory synapses on CA1 hippocampal stratum radiatum interneurons. Here we performed whole-cell patch clamp recordings from CA1 stratum radiatum interneurons in rat brain slices to investigate the effect of the eCB anandamide on excitatory synapses as well as the involvement of Group I metabotropic glutamate receptors (mGluRs), which have been reported to produce eCBs endogenously. Application of the nonhydrolysable anandamide analog R-methanandamide depressed excitatory transmission to CA1 stratum radiatum interneurons by ∼50%. The Group I mGluR agonist DHPG also depressed excitatory glutamatergic transmission onto interneurons to a similar degree, and this depression was blocked by the mGluR5 antagonist MPEP (10 μM) but not by the mGluR1 antagonist CPCCOEt (50 μM). Interestingly, however, neither DHPG-mediated nor R-methanandamide-mediated depression was blocked by the TRPV1 antagonist capsazepine (10 μM), the CB1 antagonist AM-251 (2 μM) or a combination of both, suggesting the presence of a novel eCB receptor or anandamide target at excitatory hippocampal synapses. DHPG also occluded R-methanandamide depression, suggesting the possibility that the two drugs elicit synaptic depression via a shared signaling mechanism. Collectively, this study illustrates a novel CB1/TRPV1-independent eCB pathway present in the hippocampus that mediates depression at excitatory synapses on CA1 stratum radiatum interneurons.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jeffrey G Edwards
- Department of Molecular Pharmacology, Physiology and Biotechnology, Brown University, Providence, Rhode Island, USA.
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Rasmussen BA, Unterwald EM, Kim JK, Rawls SM. Methanandamide blocks amphetamine-induced behavioral sensitization in rats. Eur J Pharmacol 2009; 627:150-5. [PMID: 19879869 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejphar.2009.10.059] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2009] [Revised: 10/05/2009] [Accepted: 10/26/2009] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
Methanandamide acts at targets which modulate amphetamine-induced behaviors. Therefore, we investigated methanandamide effects on the acute hyperactivity produced by a single injection of amphetamine and behavioral sensitization induced by repeated amphetamine exposure in rats. Methanandamide (5mg/kg, i.p.) did not affect basal locomotor or stereotypical activity. Methanandamide (5mg/kg, i.p.) pretreatment did not alter the acute increase in locomotor or stereotypical activities produced by acute amphetamine (2mg/kg, i.p.). For chronic studies, rats injected with amphetamine (2mg/kg, i.p.) once daily for 3 consecutive days were then challenged with amphetamine (2mg/kg, i.p.) 5 days later. Expression of locomotor sensitization was blocked when methanandamide (5mg/kg, i.p.) was given once, just prior to amphetamine (2mg/kg, i.p.) challenge. In rats co-exposed to methanandamide (5mg/kg, i.p.) and amphetamine (2mg/kg, i.p.) on days 1-3 and then challenged with amphetamine (2mg/kg, i.p.) following 5 days of drug absence, the development of both locomotor and stereotypical sensitization was blocked. The ability of methanandamide to block amphetamine-sensitized behaviors suggests that this pharmacologically diverse lipid regulates signaling events impacted by repeated psychostimulant exposure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bruce A Rasmussen
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Temple University School of Pharmacy, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19140, USA
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Ross HR, Gilmore AJ, Connor M. Inhibition of human recombinant T-type calcium channels by the endocannabinoid N-arachidonoyl dopamine. Br J Pharmacol 2009; 156:740-50. [PMID: 19226289 DOI: 10.1111/j.1476-5381.2008.00072.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 61] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE N-arachidonoyl dopamine (NADA) has complex effects on nociception mediated via cannabinoid CB(1) receptors and the transient receptor potential vanilloid receptor 1 (TRPV1). Anandamide, the prototypic CB(1)/TRPV1 agonist, also inhibits T-type voltage-gated calcium channel currents (I(Ca)). These channels are expressed by many excitable cells, including neurons involved in pain detection and processing. We sought to determine whether NADA and the prototypic arachidonoyl amino acid, N-arachidonoyl glycine (NAGly) modulate T-type I(Ca) EXPERIMENTAL APPROACH Human recombinant T-type I(Ca) (Ca(V)3 channels) expressed in HEK 293 cells and native mouse T-type I(Ca) were examined using standard whole-cell voltage clamp electrophysiology techniques. KEY RESULTS N-arachidonoyl dopamine completely inhibited Ca(V)3 channels with a rank order of potency (pEC(50)) of Ca(V)3.3 (6.45) > or = Ca(V)3.1 (6.29) > Ca(V)3.2 (5.95). NAGly (10 micromol.L(-1)) inhibited Ca(V)3 I(Ca) by approximately 50% or less. The effects of NADA and NAGly were voltage- but not use-dependent, and both compounds produced significant hyperpolarizing shifts in Ca(V)3 channel steady-state inactivation relationships. By contrast with anandamide, NADA and NAGly had modest effects on Ca(V)3 channel kinetics. Both NAGly and NADA inhibited native T-type I(Ca) in mouse sensory neurons. CONCLUSIONS AND IMPLICATIONS N-arachidonoyl dopamine and NAGly increase the steady-state inactivation of Ca(V)3 channels, reducing the number of channels available to open during depolarization. These effects occur at NADA concentrations at or below to those affecting CB(1) and TRPV1 receptors. Together with anandamide, the arachidonoyl neurotransmitter amides, NADA and NAGly, represent a new family of endogenous T-type I(Ca) modulators.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hamish R Ross
- Pain Management Research Institute, Kolling Institute, University of Sydney at Royal North Hospital, St Leonards, NSW, Australia, and
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Ross HR, Napier I, Connor M. Inhibition of recombinant human T-type calcium channels by Delta9-tetrahydrocannabinol and cannabidiol. J Biol Chem 2008; 283:16124-34. [PMID: 18390906 PMCID: PMC3259625 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m707104200] [Citation(s) in RCA: 142] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2007] [Revised: 03/27/2008] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Delta(9)-Tetrahydrocannabinol (THC) and cannabidiol (CBD) are the most prevalent biologically active constituents of Cannabis sativa. THC is the prototypic cannabinoid CB1 receptor agonist and is psychoactive and analgesic. CBD is also analgesic, but it is not a CB1 receptor agonist. Low voltage-activated T-type calcium channels, encoded by the Ca(V)3 gene family, regulate the excitability of many cells, including neurons involved in nociceptive processing. We examined the effects of THC and CBD on human Ca(V)3 channels stably expressed in human embryonic kidney 293 cells and T-type channels in mouse sensory neurons using whole-cell, patch clamp recordings. At moderately hyperpolarized potentials, THC and CBD inhibited peak Ca(V)3.1 and Ca(V)3.2 currents with IC(50) values of approximately 1 mum but were less potent on Ca(V)3.3 channels. THC and CBD inhibited sensory neuron T-type channels by about 45% at 1 mum. However, in recordings made from a holding potential of -70 mV, 100 nm THC or CBD inhibited more than 50% of the peak Ca(V)3.1 current. THC and CBD produced a significant hyperpolarizing shift in the steady state inactivation potentials for each of the Ca(V)3 channels, which accounts for inhibition of channel currents. Additionally, THC caused a modest hyperpolarizing shift in the activation of Ca(V)3.1 and Ca(V)3.2. THC but not CBD slowed Ca(V)3.1 and Ca(V)3.2 deactivation and inactivation kinetics. Thus, THC and CBD inhibit Ca(V)3 channels at pharmacologically relevant concentrations. However, THC, but not CBD, may also increase the amount of calcium entry following T-type channel activation by stabilizing open states of the channel.
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MESH Headings
- Analgesics, Non-Narcotic/chemistry
- Analgesics, Non-Narcotic/pharmacology
- Animals
- Calcium/metabolism
- Calcium Channels, T-Type/metabolism
- Cannabidiol/chemistry
- Cannabidiol/pharmacology
- Cannabis/chemistry
- Cell Line
- Dose-Response Relationship, Drug
- Dronabinol/chemistry
- Dronabinol/pharmacology
- Gene Expression
- Humans
- Kinetics
- Membrane Potentials/drug effects
- Mice
- Neurons, Afferent/cytology
- Neurons, Afferent/physiology
- Receptor, Cannabinoid, CB1/agonists
- Receptor, Cannabinoid, CB1/genetics
- Receptor, Cannabinoid, CB1/metabolism
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Mark Connor
- Pain Management Research Institute, Kolling Institute, University of
Sydney at Royal North Shore Hospital, St Leonards, New South Wales 2065,
Australia
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