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Zhang M, Li C, Xue Q, Lu CB, Zhao H, Meng FC, Zhang Y, Wu SX, Zhang Y, Xu H. Activation of Cannabinoid Receptor 1 in GABAergic Neurons in the Rostral Anterior Insular Cortex Contributes to the Analgesia Following Common Peroneal Nerve Ligation. Neurosci Bull 2023; 39:1348-1362. [PMID: 36773215 PMCID: PMC10465468 DOI: 10.1007/s12264-023-01029-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2022] [Accepted: 10/25/2022] [Indexed: 02/12/2023] Open
Abstract
The rostral agranular insular cortex (RAIC) has been associated with pain modulation. Although the endogenous cannabinoid system (eCB) has been shown to regulate chronic pain, the roles of eCBs in the RAIC remain elusive under the neuropathic pain state. Neuropathic pain was induced in C57BL/6 mice by common peroneal nerve (CPN) ligation. The roles of the eCB were tested in the RAIC of ligated CPN C57BL/6J mice, glutamatergic, or GABAergic neuron cannabinoid receptor 1 (CB1R) knockdown mice with the whole-cell patch-clamp and pain behavioral methods. The E/I ratio (amplitude ratio between mEPSCs and mIPSCs) was significantly increased in layer V pyramidal neurons of the RAIC in CPN-ligated mice. Depolarization-induced suppression of inhibition but not depolarization-induced suppression of excitation in RAIC layer V pyramidal neurons were significantly increased in CPN-ligated mice. The analgesic effect of ACEA (a CB1R agonist) was alleviated along with bilateral dorsolateral funiculus lesions, with the administration of AM251 (a CB1R antagonist), and in CB1R knockdown mice in GABAergic neurons, but not glutamatergic neurons of the RAIC. Our results suggest that CB1R activation reinforces the function of the descending pain inhibitory pathway via reducing the inhibition of glutamatergic layer V neurons by GABAergic neurons in the RAIC to induce an analgesic effect in neuropathic pain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ming Zhang
- Department of Neurobiology and Collaborative Innovation Center for Brain Science, School of Basic Medicine, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, 710032, China
- Department of Basic Medical Laboratory, The General Hospital of Western Theater Command, Chengdu, 610083, China
| | - Cong Li
- Department of Neurobiology and Collaborative Innovation Center for Brain Science, School of Basic Medicine, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, 710032, China
- Department of Anesthesiology, Heze Municipal Hospital, Heze, 274031, China
| | - Qian Xue
- Department of Neurobiology and Collaborative Innovation Center for Brain Science, School of Basic Medicine, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, 710032, China
| | - Chang-Bo Lu
- Department of Neurobiology and Collaborative Innovation Center for Brain Science, School of Basic Medicine, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, 710032, China
| | - Huan Zhao
- Department of Neurobiology and Collaborative Innovation Center for Brain Science, School of Basic Medicine, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, 710032, China
| | - Fan-Cheng Meng
- Department of Neurobiology and Collaborative Innovation Center for Brain Science, School of Basic Medicine, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, 710032, China
| | - Ying Zhang
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Xi'an International Medical Center Hospital, Xi'an, 710100, China
| | - Sheng-Xi Wu
- Department of Neurobiology and Collaborative Innovation Center for Brain Science, School of Basic Medicine, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, 710032, China
| | - Yan Zhang
- Department of Anesthesiology, Heze Municipal Hospital, Heze, 274031, China.
| | - Hui Xu
- Department of Neurobiology and Collaborative Innovation Center for Brain Science, School of Basic Medicine, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, 710032, China.
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Zhang H, Jia D, Wang Y, Qu L, Wang X, Song J, Heng L, Gao G. Enhanced ability of TRPV1 channels in regulating glutamatergic transmission after repeated morphine exposure in the nucleus accumbens of rat. Brain Res 2017; 1660:47-57. [PMID: 28188777 DOI: 10.1016/j.brainres.2017.02.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2016] [Revised: 01/12/2017] [Accepted: 02/02/2017] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
Abstract
Glutamatergic projections to nucleus accumbens (NAc) drive drug-seeking behaviors during opioids withdrawal. Modulating glutamatergic neurotransmission provides a novel pharmacotherapeutic avenue for treatment of opioids dependence. Great deals of researches have verified that transient receptor potential vanilloid 1 (TRPV1) channels alters synaptic transmitter release and regulate neural plasticity. In the present study, whole-cell patch clamp recordings were adopted to examine the activity of TRPV1 Channels in regulating glutamate-mediated excitatory postsynaptic currents (EPSCs) in NAc of rat during morphine withdrawal for 3days and 3weeks. The data showed that the frequency of spontaneous excitatory postsynaptic currents (sEPSCs) and the amplitudes of evoked excitatory postsynaptic currents (eEPSCs) were increased during morphine withdrawal after applied with capsaicin (TRPV1 agonist). Capsaicin decreased the paired pulse ratio (PPR) and increased sEPSCs frequency but not their amplitudes suggesting a presynaptic locus of action during morphine withdrawal. All these effects were fully blocked by the TRPV1 antagonist Capsazepine. Additionally, In the presence of AM251 (CB1 receptor antagonist), depolarization-induced release of endogenous cannabinoids activated TRPV1 channels to enhance glutamatergic neurotransmission during morphine withdrawal. The functional enhancement of TRPV1 Channels in facilitating glutamatergic transmission was not recorded in dorsal striatum. Our findings demonstrate the ability of TRPV1 in regulating excitatory glutamatergic transmission is enhanced during morphine withdrawal in NAc, which would deepen our understanding of glutamatergic modulation during opioids withdrawal.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haitao Zhang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Tangdu Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710038, PR China
| | - Dong Jia
- Department of Neurosurgery, Tangdu Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710038, PR China
| | - Yuan Wang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Tangdu Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710038, PR China
| | - Liang Qu
- Department of Neurosurgery, Tangdu Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710038, PR China
| | - Xuelian Wang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Tangdu Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710038, PR China
| | - Jian Song
- Department of Neurosurgery, Wuhan General Hospital, Wuhan, Hubei, PR China
| | - Lijun Heng
- Department of Neurosurgery, Tangdu Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710038, PR China.
| | - Guodong Gao
- Department of Neurosurgery, Tangdu Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710038, PR China.
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Busquets-Garcia A, Desprez T, Metna-Laurent M, Bellocchio L, Marsicano G, Soria-Gomez E. Dissecting the cannabinergic control of behavior: Thewherematters. Bioessays 2015; 37:1215-25. [DOI: 10.1002/bies.201500046] [Citation(s) in RCA: 60] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Arnau Busquets-Garcia
- Group “Endocannabinoids and Neuroadaptation,” NeuroCentre Magendie, INSERM U862; University of Bordeaux; Bordeaux France
| | - Tifany Desprez
- Group “Endocannabinoids and Neuroadaptation,” NeuroCentre Magendie, INSERM U862; University of Bordeaux; Bordeaux France
| | - Mathilde Metna-Laurent
- Group “Endocannabinoids and Neuroadaptation,” NeuroCentre Magendie, INSERM U862; University of Bordeaux; Bordeaux France
| | - Luigi Bellocchio
- Group “Endocannabinoids and Neuroadaptation,” NeuroCentre Magendie, INSERM U862; University of Bordeaux; Bordeaux France
| | - Giovanni Marsicano
- Group “Endocannabinoids and Neuroadaptation,” NeuroCentre Magendie, INSERM U862; University of Bordeaux; Bordeaux France
| | - Edgar Soria-Gomez
- Group “Endocannabinoids and Neuroadaptation,” NeuroCentre Magendie, INSERM U862; University of Bordeaux; Bordeaux France
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Orts-Del'Immagine A, Seddik R, Tell F, Airault C, Er-Raoui G, Najimi M, Trouslard J, Wanaverbecq N. A single polycystic kidney disease 2-like 1 channel opening acts as a spike generator in cerebrospinal fluid-contacting neurons of adult mouse brainstem. Neuropharmacology 2015. [PMID: 26220314 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuropharm.2015.07.030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Cerebrospinal fluid contacting neurons (CSF-cNs) are found around the central canal of all vertebrates. They present a typical morphology, with a single dendrite that projects into the cavity and ends in the CSF with a protuberance. These anatomical features have led to the suggestion that CSF-cNs might have sensory functions, either by sensing CSF movement or composition, but the physiological mechanisms for any such role are unknown. This hypothesis was recently supported by the demonstration that in several vertebrate species medullo-spinal CSF-cNs selectively express Polycystic Kidney Disease 2-Like 1 proteins (PKD2L1). PKD2L1 are members of the 'transient receptor potential (TRP)' superfamily, form non-selective cationic channels of high conductance, are regulated by various stimuli including protons and are therefore suggested to act as sensory receptors. Using patch-clamp whole-cell recordings of CSF-cNs in brainstem slices obtained from wild type and mutant PKD2L1 mice, we demonstrate that spontaneously active unitary currents in CSF-cNs are due to PKD2L1 channels that are capable, with a single opening, of triggering action potentials. Thus PKD2L1 might contribute to the setting of CSF-cN spiking activity. We also reveal that CSF-cNs have the capacity of discriminating between alkalinization and acidification following activation of specific conductances (PKD2L1 vs. ASIC) generating specific responses. Altogether, this study reinforces the idea that CSF-cNs represent sensory neurons intrinsic to the central nervous system and suggests a role for PKD2L1 channels as spike generators.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Riad Seddik
- Aix Marseille Université, PPSN EA 4674, 13397, Marseille, France
| | - Fabien Tell
- Aix Marseille Université, CNRS, CRN2M UMR 7286, 13344, Marseille, France
| | - Coraline Airault
- Aix Marseille Université, PPSN EA 4674, 13397, Marseille, France
| | - Ghizlane Er-Raoui
- Aix Marseille Université, PPSN EA 4674, 13397, Marseille, France; Université Sultan Moulay Slimane, 23000, Béni Mellal, Morocco
| | - Mohamed Najimi
- Université Sultan Moulay Slimane, 23000, Béni Mellal, Morocco
| | - Jérôme Trouslard
- Aix Marseille Université, PPSN EA 4674, 13397, Marseille, France.
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Zheng Y, Wang XL, Mo FF, Li M. Dexamethasone alleviates motion sickness in rats in part by enhancing the endocannabinoid system. Eur J Pharmacol 2014; 727:99-105. [PMID: 24508383 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejphar.2014.01.047] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2013] [Revised: 01/22/2014] [Accepted: 01/24/2014] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
Low-dose dexamethasone has been widely used for the prevention of nausea and vomiting after chemotherapy and surgical procedures and to treat motion sickness due to its minimal adverse effects, but the mechanisms underlying its anti-motion sickness effects are poorly understood. Previous studies have demonstrated that the endocannabinoid system is suppressed by motion sickness but stimulated by dexamethasone. The aim of the present study was to determine whether dexamethasone has an anti-motion sickness effect in rats and to elucidate the mechanism of this action. We used HPLC-MS/MS to measure the plasma concentrations of anandamide and 2-arachidonoylglycerol+1-arachidonoylglycerol, and we employed real-time quantitative PCR (qRT-PCR) and/or Western blot analysis to assay the expression of N-acylphosphatidyl-ethanolamine hydrolyzing phospholipase D, sn-1-selective diacylglycerol lipase, fatty acid hydrolase, monoacylglycerol lipase and endocannabinoid CB1 receptor in the dorsal vagal complex and stomach of rats exposed to a motion sickness protocol. The results showed that dexamethasone lowered the motion sickness index and restored the levels of endogenous cannabinoids and the expression of the endocannabinoid CB1 receptor, which declined after the induction of motion sickness, in the dorsal vagal complex and stomach.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan Zheng
- Department of Military Hygiene, Faculty of Naval Medicine, Second Military Medical University, 800 Xiang Yin Road, Shanghai, China; Department of Nutrition, Tong Ren Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai JiaoTong University School of Medicine, 1111 Xian Xia Road, Shanghai, China.
| | - Xiao-Li Wang
- Department of Military Hygiene, Faculty of Naval Medicine, Second Military Medical University, 800 Xiang Yin Road, Shanghai, China.
| | - Feng-Feng Mo
- Department of Military Hygiene, Faculty of Naval Medicine, Second Military Medical University, 800 Xiang Yin Road, Shanghai, China.
| | - Min Li
- Department of Military Hygiene, Faculty of Naval Medicine, Second Military Medical University, 800 Xiang Yin Road, Shanghai, China.
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Derbenev AV, Smith BN. Dexamethasone rapidly increases GABA release in the dorsal motor nucleus of the vagus via retrograde messenger-mediated enhancement of TRPV1 activity. PLoS One 2013; 8:e70505. [PMID: 23936221 PMCID: PMC3728308 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0070505] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2013] [Accepted: 06/23/2013] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Glucocorticoids influence vagal parasympathetic output to the viscera via mechanisms that include modulation of neural circuitry in the dorsal vagal complex, a principal autonomic regulatory center. Glucocorticoids can modulate synaptic neurotransmitter release elsewhere in the brain by inducing release of retrograde signalling molecules. We tested the hypothesis that the glucocorticoid agonist dexamethasone (DEX) modulates GABA release in the rat dorsal motor nucleus of the vagus (DMV). Whole-cell patch-clamp recordings revealed that DEX (1-10 µM) rapidly (i.e. within three minutes) increased the frequency of tetrodotoxin-resistant, miniature IPSCs (mIPSCs) in 67% of DMV neurons recorded in acutely prepared slices. Glutamate-mediated mEPSCs were also enhanced by DEX (10 µM), and blockade of ionotropic glutamate receptors reduced the DEX effect on mIPSC frequency. Antagonists of type I or II corticosteroid receptors blocked the effect of DEX on mIPSCs. The effect was mimicked by application of the membrane-impermeant BSA-conjugated DEX, and intracellular blockade of G protein function with GDP βS in the recorded cell prevented the effect of DEX. The enhancement of GABA release was blocked by the TRPV1 antagonists, 5’-iodoresiniferatoxin or capsazepine, but was not altered by the cannabinoid type 1 receptor antagonist AM251. The DEX effect was prevented by blocking fatty acid amide hydrolysis or by inhibiting anandamide transport, implicating involvement of the endocannabinoid system in the response. These findings indicate that DEX induces an enhancement of GABA release in the DMV, which is mediated by activation of TRPV1 receptors on afferent terminals. The effect is likely induced by anandamide or other ‘endovanilloid’, suggesting activation of a local retrograde signal originating from DMV neurons to enhance synaptic inhibition locally in response to glucocorticoids.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrei V. Derbenev
- Department of Physiology, University of Kentucky College of Medicine, Lexington, Kentucky, United States of America
- Department of Cell and Molecular Biology, Tulane University, New Orleans, Louisiana, United States of America
- Department of Physiology, Tulane University School of Medicine, New Orleans, Louisiana, United States of America
| | - Bret N. Smith
- Department of Physiology, University of Kentucky College of Medicine, Lexington, Kentucky, United States of America
- Department of Cell and Molecular Biology, Tulane University, New Orleans, Louisiana, United States of America
- * E-mail:
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Activation of the sympathetic nervous system mediates hypophagic and anxiety-like effects of CB₁ receptor blockade. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2013; 110:4786-91. [PMID: 23487769 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.1218573110] [Citation(s) in RCA: 87] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Complex interactions between periphery and the brain regulate food intake in mammals. Cannabinoid type-1 (CB1) receptor antagonists are potent hypophagic agents, but the sites where this acute action is exerted and the underlying mechanisms are not fully elucidated. To dissect the mechanisms underlying the hypophagic effect of CB1 receptor blockade, we combined the acute injection of the CB1 receptor antagonist rimonabant with the use of conditional CB1-knockout mice, as well as with pharmacological modulation of different central and peripheral circuits. Fasting/refeeding experiments revealed that CB1 receptor signaling in many specific brain neurons is dispensable for the acute hypophagic effects of rimonabant. CB1 receptor antagonist-induced hypophagia was fully abolished by peripheral blockade of β-adrenergic transmission, suggesting that this effect is mediated by increased activity of the sympathetic nervous system. Consistently, we found that rimonabant increases gastrointestinal metabolism via increased peripheral β-adrenergic receptor signaling in peripheral organs, including the gastrointestinal tract. Blockade of both visceral afferents and glutamatergic transmission in the nucleus tractus solitarii abolished rimonabant-induced hypophagia. Importantly, these mechanisms were specifically triggered by lipid-deprivation, revealing a nutrient-specific component acutely regulated by CB1 receptor blockade. Finally, peripheral blockade of sympathetic neurotransmission also blunted central effects of CB1 receptor blockade, such as fear responses and anxiety-like behaviors. These data demonstrate that, independently of their site of origin, important effects of CB1 receptor blockade are expressed via activation of peripheral sympathetic activity. Thus, CB1 receptors modulate bidirectional circuits between the periphery and the brain to regulate feeding and other behaviors.
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Orts-Del'immagine A, Wanaverbecq N, Tardivel C, Tillement V, Dallaporta M, Trouslard J. Properties of subependymal cerebrospinal fluid contacting neurones in the dorsal vagal complex of the mouse brainstem. J Physiol 2012; 590:3719-41. [PMID: 22570378 DOI: 10.1113/jphysiol.2012.227959] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) contacting neurones have been observed in various brain regions such as the hypothalamus, the dorsal nucleus of the raphe and around the central canal (cc) of the spinal cord but their functional role remains unclear. At the level of the spinal cord, subependymal cerebrospinal fluid contacting neurones (S-CSF-cNs) present a peculiar morphology with a soma close to the ependymal layer, a process projecting towards the cc and ending with a bud and a cilium. These neurones were recently shown to express polycystin kidney disease 2-like 1 (PKD2L1 or TRPP3) channels that are members of the polycystin subtype of the transient receptor potential (TRP) channel superfamily and that have been proposed as either chemo- or mechanoreceptors in several tissues. Using immunohistological techniques and whole-cell electrophysiological recordings in brain slices obtained from PKD2L1:EGFP transgenic adult mice, we looked for and determined the functional properties of S-CSF-cNs in the dorsal vagal complex (DVC), a hindbrain structure controlling autonomic functions such as blood pressure, energy balance and food intake. Here, we demonstrate that S-CSF-cNs received GABAergic and/or glycinergic synaptic entries and were also characterised by the presence of non-selective cationic channels of large conductance that could be detected even under whole-cell configuration. The channel activity was not affected by Psalmopoeus cambridgei toxin 1, a blocker of acid sensing ion channels (ASICs), but was blocked by amiloride and by a strong extracellular acidification. In contrast, extracellular alkalinisation and hypo-osmotic shocks increased channel activity. Based on these properties, we suggest that the single-channel activity recorded in medullar S-CSF-cNs is carried by PKD2L1 channels. Our study therefore reinforces the idea that PKD2L1 is a marker of S-CSF-cNs and points toward a role for S-CSF-cNs in the detection of circulating signals and of modifications in the extracellular environment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adeline Orts-Del'immagine
- Laboratoire de Physiologie et Physiopathologie du Système Nerveux Somato-moteur et Neurovégétatif (PPSN) EA 4674 Aix-Marseille Université (AMU), Faculté des Sciences et Techniques St. Jérôme, BP 352, Avenue Escadrille Normandie Niemen, F-13397 Marseille cedex 20, France
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Howlett AC, Reggio PH, Childers SR, Hampson RE, Ulloa NM, Deutsch DG. Endocannabinoid tone versus constitutive activity of cannabinoid receptors. Br J Pharmacol 2012; 163:1329-43. [PMID: 21545414 DOI: 10.1111/j.1476-5381.2011.01364.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 94] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
This review evaluates the cellular mechanisms of constitutive activity of the cannabinoid (CB) receptors, its reversal by inverse agonists, and discusses the pitfalls and problems in the interpretation of the research data. The notion is presented that endogenously produced anandamide (AEA) and 2-arachidonoylglycerol (2-AG) serve as autocrine or paracrine stimulators of the CB receptors, giving the appearance of constitutive activity. It is proposed that one cannot interpret inverse agonist studies without inference to the receptors' environment vis-à-vis the endocannabinoid agonists which themselves are highly lipophilic compounds with a preference for membranes. The endocannabinoid tone is governed by a combination of synthetic pathways and inactivation involving transport and degradation. The synthesis and degradation of 2-AG is well characterized, and 2-AG has been strongly implicated in retrograde signalling in neurons. Data implicating endocannabinoids in paracrine regulation have been described. Endocannabinoid ligands can traverse the cell's interior and potentially be stored on fatty acid-binding proteins (FABPs). Molecular modelling predicts that the endocannabinoids derived from membrane phospholipids can laterally diffuse to enter the CB receptor from the lipid bilayer. Considering that endocannabinoid signalling to CB receptors is a much more likely scenario than is receptor activation in the absence of agonist ligands, researchers are advised to refrain from assuming constitutive activity except for experimental models known to be devoid of endocannabinoid ligands.
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Affiliation(s)
- Allyn C Howlett
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Wake Forest University Health Sciences, Winston-Salem, NC 27157, USA.
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Janero DR, Lindsley L, Vemuri VK, Makriyannis A. Cannabinoid 1 G protein-coupled receptor (periphero-)neutral antagonists: emerging therapeutics for treating obesity-driven metabolic disease and reducing cardiovascular risk. Expert Opin Drug Discov 2011; 6:995-1025. [DOI: 10.1517/17460441.2011.608063] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
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Babic T, Browning KN, Travagli RA. Differential organization of excitatory and inhibitory synapses within the rat dorsal vagal complex. Am J Physiol Gastrointest Liver Physiol 2011; 300:G21-32. [PMID: 20947702 PMCID: PMC3025513 DOI: 10.1152/ajpgi.00363.2010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 58] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
Abstract
The dorsal motor nucleus of the vagus (DMV) is pivotal in the regulation of upper gastrointestinal functions, including motility and both gastric and pancreatic secretion. DMV neurons receive robust GABA- and glutamatergic inputs. Microinjection of the GABA(A) antagonist bicuculline (BIC) into the DMV increases pancreatic secretion and gastric motility, whereas the glutamatergic antagonist kynurenic acid (KYN) is ineffective unless preceded by microinjection of BIC. We used whole cell patch-clamp recordings with the aim of unveiling the brain stem neurocircuitry that uses tonic GABA- and glutamatergic synapses to control the activity of DMV neurons in a brain stem slice preparation. Perfusion with BIC altered the firing frequency of 71% of DMV neurons, increasing firing frequency in 80% of the responsive neurons and decreasing firing frequency in 20%. Addition of KYN to the perfusate either decreased (52%) or increased (25%) the firing frequency of BIC-sensitive neurons. When KYN was applied first, the firing rate was decreased in 43% and increased in 21% of the neurons; further perfusion with BIC had no additional effect in the majority of neurons. Our results indicate that there are several permutations in the arrangements of GABA- and glutamatergic inputs controlling the activity of DMV neurons. Our data support the concept of brain stem neuronal circuitry that may be wired in a finely tuned organ- or function-specific manner that permits precise and discrete modulation of the vagal motor output to the gastrointestinal tract.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tanja Babic
- Department of Neural and Behavioral Sciences, Pennsylvania State College of Medicine, Hershey, Pennsylvania
| | - Kirsteen N. Browning
- Department of Neural and Behavioral Sciences, Pennsylvania State College of Medicine, Hershey, Pennsylvania
| | - R. Alberto Travagli
- Department of Neural and Behavioral Sciences, Pennsylvania State College of Medicine, Hershey, Pennsylvania
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Goncharuk VD, Buijs RM, Jhamandas JH, Swaab DF. Vasopressin (VP) and neuropeptide FF (NPFF) systems in the normal and hypertensive human brainstem. J Comp Neurol 2010; 519:93-124. [DOI: 10.1002/cne.22507] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
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