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Bougea A, Angelopoulou E, Vasilopoulos E, Gourzis P, Papageorgiou S. Emerging Therapeutic Potential of Fluoxetine on Cognitive Decline in Alzheimer's Disease: Systematic Review. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:6542. [PMID: 38928248 PMCID: PMC11203451 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25126542] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2024] [Revised: 06/06/2024] [Accepted: 06/11/2024] [Indexed: 06/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Fluoxetine, a commonly prescribed medication for depression, has been studied in Alzheimer's disease (AD) patients for its effectiveness on cognitive symptoms. The aim of this systematic review is to investigate the therapeutic potential of fluoxetine in cognitive decline in AD, focusing on its anti-degenerative mechanisms of action and clinical implications. According to PRISMA, we searched MEDLINE, up to 1 April 2024, for animal and human studies examining the efficacy of fluoxetine with regard to the recovery of cognitive function in AD. Methodological quality was evaluated using the ARRIVE tool for animal AD studies and the Cochrane tool for clinical trials. In total, 22 studies were analyzed (19 animal AD studies and 3 clinical studies). Fluoxetine promoted neurogenesis and enhanced synaptic plasticity in preclinical models of AD, through a decrease in Aβ pathology and increase in BDNF, by activating diverse pathways (such as the DAF-16-mediated, TGF-beta1, ILK-AKT-GSK3beta, and CREB/p-CREB/BDNF). In addition, fluoxetine has anti-inflammatory properties/antioxidant effects via targeting antioxidant Nrf2/HO-1 and hindering TLR4/NLRP3 inflammasome. Only three clinical studies showed that fluoxetine ameliorated the cognitive performance of people with AD; however, several methodological issues limited the generalizability of these results. Overall, the high-quality preclinical evidence suggests that fluoxetine may have neuroprotective, antioxidant, and anti-inflammatory effects in AD animal models. While more high-quality clinical research is needed to fully understand the mechanisms underlying these effects, fluoxetine is a promising potential treatment for AD patients. If future clinical trials confirm its anti-degenerative and neuroprotective effects, fluoxetine could offer a new therapeutic approach for slowing down the progression of AD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anastasia Bougea
- 1st Department of Neurology, “Aiginition” Hospital, School of Medicine, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, 11528 Athens, Greece; (E.A.); (S.P.)
| | - Efthalia Angelopoulou
- 1st Department of Neurology, “Aiginition” Hospital, School of Medicine, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, 11528 Athens, Greece; (E.A.); (S.P.)
| | - Efthimios Vasilopoulos
- First Department of Psychiatry, “Aiginition” Hospital, School of Medicine, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, 11528 Athens, Greece; (E.V.); (P.G.)
| | - Philippos Gourzis
- First Department of Psychiatry, “Aiginition” Hospital, School of Medicine, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, 11528 Athens, Greece; (E.V.); (P.G.)
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Patras, 26504 Patras, Greece
| | - Sokratis Papageorgiou
- 1st Department of Neurology, “Aiginition” Hospital, School of Medicine, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, 11528 Athens, Greece; (E.A.); (S.P.)
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Rodrigues DT, Padilha HA, Soares ATG, de Souza MEO, Guerra MT, Ávila DS. The Caenorhabditis elegans neuroendocrine system and their modulators: An overview. Mol Cell Endocrinol 2024; 586:112191. [PMID: 38382589 DOI: 10.1016/j.mce.2024.112191] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2023] [Revised: 02/16/2024] [Accepted: 02/19/2024] [Indexed: 02/23/2024]
Abstract
In this review we seek to systematically bring what has been published in the literature about the nervous system, endocrine system, neuroendocrine relationships, neuroendocrine modulations and endocrine disruptors in the alternative model Caenorhabditis elegans. The serotonergic, dopaminergic, GABAergic and glutamatergic neurotransmitters are related to the modulation of the neuroendocrine axis, leading to the activation or inhibition of several processes that occur in the worm through distinct and interconnected pathways. Furthermore, this review addresses the gut-neuronal axis as it has been revealed in recent years that gut microbiota impacts on neuronal functions. This review also approaches xenobiotics that can positively or negatively impact the neuroendocrine system in C. elegans as in mammals, which allows the application of this nematode to screen new drugs and to identify toxicants that are endocrine disruptors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniela Teixeira Rodrigues
- Graduation Program in Biological Sciences- Toxicological Biochemistry, Federal University of Santa Maria, RS, Brazil
| | | | | | | | | | - Daiana Silva Ávila
- Graduation Program in Biological Sciences- Toxicological Biochemistry, Federal University of Santa Maria, RS, Brazil; Graduation Program in Biochemistry, Federal University of Pampa, Uruguaiana, RS, Brazil.
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Zhu R, Chin-Sang ID. C. elegans insulin-like peptides. Mol Cell Endocrinol 2024; 585:112173. [PMID: 38346555 DOI: 10.1016/j.mce.2024.112173] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2023] [Revised: 01/19/2024] [Accepted: 01/24/2024] [Indexed: 02/18/2024]
Abstract
Insulin-like peptides are a group of hormones crucial for regulating metabolism, growth, and development in animals. Invertebrates, such as C. elegans, have been instrumental in understanding the molecular mechanisms of insulin-like peptides. Here, we review the 40 insulin-like peptide genes encoded in the C. elegans genome. Despite the large number, there is only one C. elegans insulin-like peptide receptor, called DAF-2. The insulin and insulin-like growth factor signaling (IIS) pathway is evolutionarily conserved from worms to humans. Thus C. elegans provides an excellent model to understand how these insulin-like peptides function. C. elegans is unique in that it possesses insulin-like peptides that have antagonistic properties, unlike all human insulin-like peptides, which are agonists. This review provides an overview of the current literature on C. elegans insulin-like peptide structures, processing, tissue localization, and regulation. We will also provide examples of insulin-like peptide signaling in C. elegans during growth, development, germline development, learning/memory, and longevity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rain Zhu
- Department of Biology, Queen's University, Kingston ON Canada
| | - Ian D Chin-Sang
- Department of Biology, Queen's University, Kingston ON Canada.
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Liang Y, Zhou Y, Zhou C, Cai X, Liu L, Wei F, Li G. Sertraline Promotes Health and Longevity in Caenorhabditis elegans. Gerontology 2024; 70:408-417. [PMID: 38228128 DOI: 10.1159/000536227] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2023] [Accepted: 01/08/2024] [Indexed: 01/18/2024] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION While several antidepressants have been identified as potential geroprotectors, the effect and mechanism of sertraline on healthspan remain to be elucidated. Here, we explored the role of sertraline in the lifespan and healthspan of Caenorhabditis elegans. METHODS The optimal effect concentration of sertraline was first screened in wild-type N2 worms under heat stress conditions. Then, we examined the effects of sertraline on lifespan, reproduction, lipofuscin accumulation, mobility, and stress resistance. Finally, the expression of serotonin signaling and aging-related genes was investigated to explore the underlying mechanism, and the lifespan assays were performed in ser-7 RNAi strain, daf-2, daf-16, and aak-2 mutants. RESULTS Sertraline extended the lifespan in C. elegans with concomitant extension of healthspan as indicated by increasing mobility and reducing fertility and lipofuscin accumulation, as well as enhanced resistance to different abiotic stresses. Mechanistically, ser-7 orchestrated sertraline-induced longevity via the regulation of insulin and AMPK pathways, and sertraline-induced lifespan extension in nematodes was abolished in ser-7 RNAi strain, daf-2, daf-16, and aak-2 mutants. CONCLUSION Sertraline promotes health and longevity in C. elegans through ser-7-insulin/AMPK pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu Liang
- Center for Aging Biomedicine, National and Local Joint Engineering Laboratory of Animal Peptide Drug Development, College of Life Sciences, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, China
| | - Yiming Zhou
- Center for Aging Biomedicine, National and Local Joint Engineering Laboratory of Animal Peptide Drug Development, College of Life Sciences, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, China
| | - Can Zhou
- Center for Aging Biomedicine, National and Local Joint Engineering Laboratory of Animal Peptide Drug Development, College of Life Sciences, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, China
| | - Xinqi Cai
- Center for Aging Biomedicine, National and Local Joint Engineering Laboratory of Animal Peptide Drug Development, College of Life Sciences, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, China
| | - Li Liu
- Center for Aging Biomedicine, National and Local Joint Engineering Laboratory of Animal Peptide Drug Development, College of Life Sciences, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, China
| | - Fang Wei
- Center for Aging Biomedicine, National and Local Joint Engineering Laboratory of Animal Peptide Drug Development, College of Life Sciences, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, China
| | - Guolin Li
- Center for Aging Biomedicine, National and Local Joint Engineering Laboratory of Animal Peptide Drug Development, College of Life Sciences, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, China
- Key Laboratory of Hunan Province for Model Animal and Stem Cell Biology, School of Medicine, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, China
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Zhu H, Cohen E. Regulation of the proteostasis network by the neuronal system. Front Mol Biosci 2023; 10:1290118. [PMID: 38016061 PMCID: PMC10652886 DOI: 10.3389/fmolb.2023.1290118] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2023] [Accepted: 10/23/2023] [Indexed: 11/30/2023] Open
Abstract
The protein homeostasis (proteostasis) network is a nexus of molecular mechanisms that act in concert to maintain the integrity of the proteome and ensure proper cellular and organismal functionality. Early in life the proteostasis network efficiently preserves the functionality of the proteome, however, as the organism ages, or due to mutations or environmental insults, subsets of inherently unstable proteins misfold and form insoluble aggregates that accrue within the cell. These aberrant protein aggregates jeopardize cellular viability and, in some cases, underlie the development of devastating illnesses. Hence, the accumulation of protein aggregates activates different nodes of the proteostasis network that refold aberrantly folded polypeptides, or direct them for degradation. The proteostasis network apparently functions within the cell, however, a myriad of studies indicate that this nexus of mechanisms is regulated at the organismal level by signaling pathways. It was also discovered that the proteostasis network differentially responds to dissimilar proteotoxic insults by tailoring its response according to the specific challenge that cells encounter. In this mini-review, we delineate the proteostasis-regulating neuronal mechanisms, describe the indications that the proteostasis network differentially responds to distinct proteotoxic challenges, and highlight possible future clinical prospects of these insights.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Ehud Cohen
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, The Institute for Medical Research Israel—Canada (IMRIC), The Hebrew University School of Medicine, Jerusalem, Israel
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Zhang C, Wang L, Xu Y, Huang Y, Huang J, Zhu J, Wang W, Li W, Sun A, Li X, Zhang H, Li J. Discovery of novel dual RAGE/SERT inhibitors for the potential treatment of the comorbidity of Alzheimer's disease and depression. Eur J Med Chem 2022; 236:114347. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2022.114347] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2021] [Revised: 03/30/2022] [Accepted: 04/01/2022] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
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Wang C, Zheng C. Using Caenorhabditis elegans to Model Therapeutic Interventions of Neurodegenerative Diseases Targeting Microbe-Host Interactions. Front Pharmacol 2022; 13:875349. [PMID: 35571084 PMCID: PMC9096141 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2022.875349] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2022] [Accepted: 03/08/2022] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Emerging evidence from both clinical studies and animal models indicates the importance of the interaction between the gut microbiome and the brain in the pathogenesis of neurodegenerative diseases (NDs). Although how microbes modulate neurodegeneration is still mostly unclear, recent studies have started to probe into the mechanisms for the communication between microbes and hosts in NDs. In this review, we highlight the advantages of using Caenorhabditis elegans (C. elegans) to disentangle the microbe-host interaction that regulates neurodegeneration. We summarize the microbial pro- and anti-neurodegenerative factors identified using the C. elegans ND models and the effects of many are confirmed in mouse models. Specifically, we focused on the role of bacterial amyloid proteins, such as curli, in promoting proteotoxicity and neurodegeneration by cross-seeding the aggregation of endogenous ND-related proteins, such as α-synuclein. Targeting bacterial amyloid production may serve as a novel therapeutic strategy for treating NDs, and several compounds, such as epigallocatechin-3-gallate (EGCG), were shown to suppress neurodegeneration at least partly by inhibiting curli production. Because bacterial amyloid fibrils contribute to biofilm formation, inhibition of amyloid production often leads to the disruption of biofilms. Interestingly, from a list of 59 compounds that showed neuroprotective effects in C. elegans and mouse ND models, we found that about half of them are known to inhibit bacterial growth or biofilm formation, suggesting a strong correlation between the neuroprotective and antibiofilm activities. Whether these potential therapeutics indeed protect neurons from proteotoxicity by inhibiting the cross-seeding between bacterial and human amyloid proteins awaits further investigations. Finally, we propose to screen the long list of antibiofilm agents, both FDA-approved drugs and novel compounds, for their neuroprotective effects and develop new pharmaceuticals that target the gut microbiome for the treatment of NDs. To this end, the C. elegans ND models can serve as a platform for fast, high-throughput, and low-cost drug screens that target the microbe-host interaction in NDs.
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Sirtuins and Autophagy in Age-Associated Neurodegenerative Diseases: Lessons from the C. elegans Model. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms222212263. [PMID: 34830158 PMCID: PMC8619060 DOI: 10.3390/ijms222212263] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2021] [Revised: 11/06/2021] [Accepted: 11/10/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Age-associated neurodegenerative diseases are known to have "impaired protein clearance" as one of the key features causing their onset and progression. Hence, homeostasis is the key to maintaining balance throughout the cellular system as an organism ages. Any imbalance in the protein clearance machinery is responsible for accumulation of unwanted proteins, leading to pathological consequences-manifesting in neurodegeneration and associated debilitating outcomes. Multiple processes are involved in regulating this phenomenon; however, failure to regulate the autophagic machinery is a critical process that hampers the protein clearing pathway, leading to neurodegeneration. Another important and widely known component that plays a role in modulating neurodegeneration is a class of proteins called sirtuins. These are class III histone deacetylases (HDACs) that are known to regulate various vital processes such as longevity, genomic stability, transcription and DNA repair. These enzymes are also known to modulate neurodegeneration in an autophagy-dependent manner. Considering its genetic relevance and ease of studying disease-related endpoints in neurodegeneration, the model system Caenorhabditis elegans has been successfully employed in deciphering various functional outcomes related to critical protein molecules, cell death pathways and their association with ageing. This review summarizes the vital role of sirtuins and autophagy in ageing and neurodegeneration, in particular highlighting the knowledge obtained using the C. elegans model system.
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Zhi D, Yang W, Yue J, Xu S, Ma W, Zhao C, Wang X, Wang D. HSF-1 mediated combined ginsenosides ameliorating Alzheimer's disease like symptoms in Caernorhabditis elegans. Nutr Neurosci 2021; 25:2136-2148. [PMID: 34263695 DOI: 10.1080/1028415x.2021.1949791] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
There are few effective medications to treat Alzheimer's disease (AD). It has been suggested that several ginsenosides possess mild or moderate anti-AD activity. In our present work, a preferred combined ginsenosides was shown to have a more significant benefit effect on AD-like symptoms of worm paralysis and hypersensitivity to exogenous 5-HT in C. elegans. The combined ginsenosides can suppress Aβ deposits and Aβ oligomers, alleviating the toxicity induced by Aβ overexpression more effectively than used alone. Its anti-AD effect was partially abolished by hsf-1 RNAi knocked down or hsf-1 inactivation by point mutation, but not by daf-16 or skn-1 RNAi knocked down. Furthermore, it markedly activated hsp-16.2 gene expression downstream of HSF-1. Our results demonstrated that HSF-1 signaling pathway exerts an important role in mediating the therapeutic effect of combined ginsenosides on AD worms. These results provided powerful evidences and theoretical foundation for reshaping medicinal products of ginsenosides and ginseng on prevention of neurodegenerative diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dejuan Zhi
- School of Pharmacy, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Wenqi Yang
- School of Pharmacy, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Juan Yue
- School of Pharmacy, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Shuaishuai Xu
- School of Pharmacy, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Wenjuan Ma
- School of Pharmacy, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Chengmu Zhao
- School of Pharmacy, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Xin Wang
- School of Pharmacy, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Dongsheng Wang
- School of Pharmacy, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, People's Republic of China
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Naß J, Abdelfatah S, Efferth T. Induction of stress resistance and extension of lifespan in Chaenorhabditis elegans serotonin-receptor knockout strains by withanolide A. PHYTOMEDICINE : INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PHYTOTHERAPY AND PHYTOPHARMACOLOGY 2021; 84:153482. [PMID: 33611213 DOI: 10.1016/j.phymed.2021.153482] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2020] [Revised: 01/17/2021] [Accepted: 01/23/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Approximately 300 million people worldwide suffer from depression. The COVID-19 crisis may dramatically increase these numbers. Severe side effects and resistance development limit the use of standard antidepressants. The steroidal lactone withanolide A (WA) from Withania somnifera may be a promising alternative. Caenorhabditis elegans was used as model to explore WA's anti-depressive and anti-stress potential. METHODS C. elegans wildtype (N2) and deficient strains (AQ866, DA1814, DA2100, DA2109 and MT9772) were used to assess oxidative, osmotic or heat stress as measured by generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS), determination of lifespan, and mRNA expression of serotonin receptor (ser-1, ser-4, ser-7) and serotonin transporter genes (mod-5). The protective effect of WA was compared to fluoxetine as clinically established antidepressant. Additionally, WA's effect on lifespan was determined. Furthermore, the binding affinities and pKi values of WA, fluoxetine and serotonin as natural ligand to Ser-1, Ser-4, Ser-7, Mod-5 and their human orthologues proteins were calculated by molecular docking. RESULTS Baseline oxidative stress was higher in deficient than wildtype worms. WA and fluoxetine reduced ROS levels in all strains except MT9772. WA and fluoxetine prolonged survival times in wildtype and mutants under osmotic stress. WA but not fluoxetine increased lifespan of all heat-stressed C. elegans strains except DA2100. Furthermore, WA but not fluoxetine extended lifespan in all non-stressed C. elegans strains. WA also induced mRNA expression of serotonin receptors and transporters in wildtype and mutants. WA bound with higher affinity and lower pKi values to all C. elegans and human serotonin receptors and transporters than serotonin, indicating that WA may competitively displaced serotonin from the binding pockets of these proteins. CONCLUSION WA reduced stress and increased lifespan by ROS scavenging and interference with the serotonin system. Hence, WA may serve as promising candidate to treat depression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Janine Naß
- Department of Pharmaceutical Biology, Institute of Biochemistry and Pharmacy, Johannes Gutenberg University, Staudinger Weg 5, 55128 Mainz, Germany
| | - Sara Abdelfatah
- Department of Pharmaceutical Biology, Institute of Biochemistry and Pharmacy, Johannes Gutenberg University, Staudinger Weg 5, 55128 Mainz, Germany
| | - Thomas Efferth
- Department of Pharmaceutical Biology, Institute of Biochemistry and Pharmacy, Johannes Gutenberg University, Staudinger Weg 5, 55128 Mainz, Germany.
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de Araújo Boleti AP, de Oliveira Flores TM, Moreno SE, Anjos LD, Mortari MR, Migliolo L. Neuroinflammation: An overview of neurodegenerative and metabolic diseases and of biotechnological studies. Neurochem Int 2020; 136:104714. [PMID: 32165170 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuint.2020.104714] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2019] [Revised: 02/19/2020] [Accepted: 03/04/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Neuroinflammation is an important factor contributing to cognitive impairment and neurodegenerative diseases, including Alzheimer's disease (AD), Parkinson's disease (PD), Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS), ischemic injury, and multiple sclerosis (MS). These diseases are characterized by inexorable progressive injury of neuron cells, and loss of motor or cognitive functions. Microglia, which are the resident macrophages in the brain, play an important role in both physiological and pathological conditions. In this review, we provide an updated discussion on the role of ROS and metabolic disease in the pathological mechanisms of activation of the microglial cells and release of cytotoxins, leading to the neurodegenerative process. In addition, we also discuss in vivo models, such as zebrafish and Caenorhabditis elegans, and provide new insights into therapeutics bioinspired by neuropeptides from venomous animals, supporting high throughput drug screening in the near future, searching for a complementary approach to elucidating crucial mechanisms associated with neurodegenerative disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ana Paula de Araújo Boleti
- S-InovaBiotech, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Biotecnologia, Universidade Católica Dom Bosco, 79117-900, Campo Grande, MS, Brazil
| | - Taylla Michelle de Oliveira Flores
- S-InovaBiotech, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Biotecnologia, Universidade Católica Dom Bosco, 79117-900, Campo Grande, MS, Brazil; Programa de Pós-graduação em Biologia Celular e Molecular, Universidade Federal da Paraíba, João Pessoa, Brazil
| | - Susana Elisa Moreno
- S-InovaBiotech, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Biotecnologia, Universidade Católica Dom Bosco, 79117-900, Campo Grande, MS, Brazil
| | - Lilian Dos Anjos
- Laboratório de Neurofarmacologia, Departmento Ciências Fisiológicas, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade de Brasília, Brazil
| | - Márcia Renata Mortari
- Laboratório de Neurofarmacologia, Departmento Ciências Fisiológicas, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade de Brasília, Brazil
| | - Ludovico Migliolo
- S-InovaBiotech, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Biotecnologia, Universidade Católica Dom Bosco, 79117-900, Campo Grande, MS, Brazil; Programa de Pós-graduação em Biologia Celular e Molecular, Universidade Federal da Paraíba, João Pessoa, Brazil; Programa de Pós-graduação em Bioquímica, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Norte, Natal, Brazil.
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Zhou C, Chao F, Zhang Y, Jiang L, Zhang L, Fan J, Wu Y, Dou X, Tang Y. Fluoxetine delays the cognitive function decline and synaptic changes in a transgenic mouse model of early Alzheimer's disease. J Comp Neurol 2019; 527:1378-1387. [DOI: 10.1002/cne.24616] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2018] [Revised: 12/11/2018] [Accepted: 12/18/2018] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Chun‐ni Zhou
- Department of Histology and EmbryologyChongqing Medical University Chongqing China
- Laboratory of Stem Cell and Tissue EngineeringChongqing Medical University Chongqing China
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Key Laboratory of Diagnostic Medicine, Ministry of EducationChongqing Medical University Chongqing China
| | - Feng‐lei Chao
- Department of Histology and EmbryologyChongqing Medical University Chongqing China
- Laboratory of Stem Cell and Tissue EngineeringChongqing Medical University Chongqing China
| | - Yi Zhang
- Department of Histology and EmbryologyChongqing Medical University Chongqing China
- Laboratory of Stem Cell and Tissue EngineeringChongqing Medical University Chongqing China
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Key Laboratory of Diagnostic Medicine, Ministry of EducationChongqing Medical University Chongqing China
| | - Lin Jiang
- Department of Histology and EmbryologyChongqing Medical University Chongqing China
- Laboratory of Stem Cell and Tissue EngineeringChongqing Medical University Chongqing China
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Key Laboratory of Diagnostic Medicine, Ministry of EducationChongqing Medical University Chongqing China
| | - Lei Zhang
- Department of Histology and EmbryologyChongqing Medical University Chongqing China
- Laboratory of Stem Cell and Tissue EngineeringChongqing Medical University Chongqing China
| | - Jin‐hua Fan
- Department of Histology and EmbryologyChongqing Medical University Chongqing China
- Laboratory of Stem Cell and Tissue EngineeringChongqing Medical University Chongqing China
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Key Laboratory of Diagnostic Medicine, Ministry of EducationChongqing Medical University Chongqing China
| | - Yong‐xin Wu
- Department of Histology and EmbryologyChongqing Medical University Chongqing China
- Laboratory of Stem Cell and Tissue EngineeringChongqing Medical University Chongqing China
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Key Laboratory of Diagnostic Medicine, Ministry of EducationChongqing Medical University Chongqing China
| | - Xiao‐yun Dou
- Institute of Life SciencesChongqing Medical University Chongqing China
| | - Yong Tang
- Department of Histology and EmbryologyChongqing Medical University Chongqing China
- Laboratory of Stem Cell and Tissue EngineeringChongqing Medical University Chongqing China
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Nyarko JNK, Quartey MO, Baker GB, Mousseau DD. Can Animal Models Inform on the Relationship between Depression and Alzheimer Disease? CANADIAN JOURNAL OF PSYCHIATRY. REVUE CANADIENNE DE PSYCHIATRIE 2019; 64:18-29. [PMID: 29685068 PMCID: PMC6364140 DOI: 10.1177/0706743718772514] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
The focus on the β-amyloid (Aβ) peptide in clinical Alzheimer disease (AD) as well as in animal models of AD has perhaps biased our understanding of what contributes to the heterogeneity in disease onset and progression. Part of this heterogeneity could reflect the various neuropsychiatric risk factors that present with common symptomatology and can predispose the brain to AD-like changes. One such risk factor is depression. Animal models, particularly mouse models carrying variants of AD-related gene(s), many of which lead to an accumulation of Aβ, suggest that a fundamental shift in depression-related monoaminergic systems (including serotonin and noradrenaline) is a strong indicator of the altered cellular function associated with the earlier(est) stages of AD-related pathology. These changes in monoaminergic neurochemistry could provide for relevant targets for intervention in clinical AD and/or could support a polypharmacy strategy, which might include the targeting of Aβ, in vulnerable populations. Future studies must also include female mice as well as male mice in animal model studies on the relationship between depression and AD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jennifer N K Nyarko
- 1 Cell Signalling Laboratory, Department of Psychiatry, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, Saskatchewan, Canada
| | - Maa O Quartey
- 1 Cell Signalling Laboratory, Department of Psychiatry, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, Saskatchewan, Canada
| | - Glen B Baker
- 2 Department of Psychiatry, Neuroscience and Mental Health Institute, Neurochemical Research Unit, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada
| | - Darrell D Mousseau
- 1 Cell Signalling Laboratory, Department of Psychiatry, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, Saskatchewan, Canada
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Wong SQ, Pontifex MG, Phelan MM, Pidathala C, Kraemer BC, Barclay JW, Berry NG, O'Neill PM, Burgoyne RD, Morgan A. α-Methyl-α-phenylsuccinimide ameliorates neurodegeneration in a C. elegans model of TDP-43 proteinopathy. Neurobiol Dis 2018; 118:40-54. [PMID: 29940336 PMCID: PMC6097874 DOI: 10.1016/j.nbd.2018.06.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2018] [Revised: 06/06/2018] [Accepted: 06/15/2018] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
The antiepileptic drug ethosuximide has recently been shown to be neuroprotective in various Caenorhabditis elegans and rodent neurodegeneration models. It is therefore a promising repurposing candidate for the treatment of multiple neurodegenerative diseases. However, high concentrations of the drug are required for its protective effects in animal models, which may impact on its translational potential and impede the identification of its molecular mechanism of action. Therefore, we set out to develop more potent neuroprotective lead compounds based on ethosuximide as a starting scaffold. Chemoinformatic approaches were used to identify compounds with structural similarity to ethosuximide and to prioritise these based on good predicated blood-brain barrier permeability and C. elegans bioaccumulation properties. Selected compounds were initially screened for anti-convulsant activity in a C. elegans pentylenetetrazol-induced seizure assay, as a rapid primary readout of bioactivity; and then assessed for neuroprotective properties in a C. elegans TDP-43 proteinopathy model based on pan-neuronal expression of human A315T mutant TDP-43. The most potent compound screened, α-methyl-α-phenylsuccinimide (MPS), ameliorated the locomotion defects and extended the shortened lifespan of TDP-43 mutant worms. MPS also directly protected against neurodegeneration by reducing the number of neuronal breaks and cell body losses in GFP-labelled GABAergic motor neurons. Importantly, optimal neuroprotection was exhibited by external application of 50 μM MPS, compared to 8 mM for ethosuximide. This greater potency of MPS was not due to bioaccumulation to higher internal levels within the worm, based on 1H-nuclear magnetic resonance analysis. Like ethosuximide, the activity of MPS was abolished by mutation of the evolutionarily conserved FOXO transcription factor, daf-16, suggesting that both compounds act via the same neuroprotective pathway(s). In conclusion, we have revealed a novel neuroprotective activity of MPS that is >100-fold more potent than ethosuximide. This increased potency will facilitate future biochemical studies to identify the direct molecular target(s) of both compounds, as we have shown here that they share a common downstream DAF-16-dependent mechanism of action. Furthermore, MPS is the active metabolite of another approved antiepileptic drug, methsuximide. Therefore, methsuximide may have repurposing potential for treatment of TDP-43 proteinopathies and possibly other human neurodegenerative diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shi Quan Wong
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Physiology, Institute of Translational Medicine, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, UK.
| | - Matthew G Pontifex
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Physiology, Institute of Translational Medicine, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, UK.
| | - Marie M Phelan
- Department of Biochemistry, Institute of Integrative Biology, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, UK.
| | | | - Brian C Kraemer
- Geriatrics Research Education and Clinical Center, Seattle Veterans Affairs Puget Sound Health Care System, University of Washington Department of Medicine, Seattle, WA 98108, USA.
| | - Jeff W Barclay
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Physiology, Institute of Translational Medicine, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, UK.
| | - Neil G Berry
- Department of Chemistry, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, UK.
| | - Paul M O'Neill
- Department of Chemistry, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, UK.
| | - Robert D Burgoyne
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Physiology, Institute of Translational Medicine, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, UK.
| | - Alan Morgan
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Physiology, Institute of Translational Medicine, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, UK.
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15
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Fluoxetine attenuates the impairment of spatial learning ability and prevents neuron loss in middle-aged APPswe/PSEN1dE9 double transgenic Alzheimer's disease mice. Oncotarget 2018; 8:27676-27692. [PMID: 28430602 PMCID: PMC5438600 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.15398] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2016] [Accepted: 01/31/2017] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs) have been reported to increase cognitive performance in some clinical studies of Alzheimer's disease (AD). However, there is a lack of evidence supporting the efficacy of SSRIs as cognition enhancers in AD, and the role of SSRIs as a treatment for AD remains largely unclear. Here, we characterized the impact of fluoxetine (FLX), a well-known SSRI, on neurons in the dentate gyrus (DG) and in CA1 and CA3 of the hippocampus of middle-aged (16 to 17 months old) APPswe/PSEN1dE9 (APP/PS1) transgenic AD model mice. We found that intraperitoneal (i.p.) injection of FLX (10 mg/kg/day) for 5 weeks effectively alleviated the impairment of spatial learning ability in middle-aged APP/PS1 mice as evaluated using the Morris water maze. More importantly, the number of neurons in the hippocampal DG was significantly increased by FLX. Additionally, FLX reduced the deposition of beta amyloid, inhibited GSK-3β activity and increased the level of β-catenin in middle-aged APP/PS1 mice. Collectively, the results of this study indicate that FLX delayed the progression of neuronal loss in the hippocampal DG in middle-aged AD mice, and this effect may underlie the FLX-induced improvement in learning ability. FLX may therefore serve as a promising therapeutic drug for AD.
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16
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17
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Lee MB, Kaeberlein M. Translational Geroscience: From invertebrate models to companion animal and human interventions. TRANSLATIONAL MEDICINE OF AGING 2018; 2:15-29. [PMID: 32368707 PMCID: PMC7198054 DOI: 10.1016/j.tma.2018.08.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Translational geroscience is an interdisciplinary field descended from basic gerontology that seeks to identify, validate, and clinically apply interventions to maximize healthy, disease-free lifespan. In this review, we describe a research pipeline for the identification and validation of lifespan extending interventions. Beginning in invertebrate model systems, interventions are discovered and then characterized using other invertebrate model systems (evolutionary translation), models of genetic diversity, and disease models. Vertebrate model systems, particularly mice, can then be utilized to validate interventions in mammalian systems. Collaborative, multi-site efforts, like the Interventions Testing Program (ITP), provide a key resource to assess intervention robustness in genetically diverse mice. Mouse disease models provide a tool to understand the broader utility of longevity interventions. Beyond mouse models, we advocate for studies in companion pets. The Dog Aging Project is an exciting example of translating research in dogs, both to develop a model system and to extend their healthy lifespan as a goal in itself. Finally, we discuss proposed and ongoing intervention studies in humans, unmet needs for validating interventions in humans, and speculate on how differences in survival among human populations may influence intervention efficacy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mitchell B. Lee
- Department of Pathology, University of Washington, Seattle, WA USA
| | - Matt Kaeberlein
- Department of Pathology, University of Washington, Seattle, WA USA
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18
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Ma L, Zhao Y, Chen Y, Cheng B, Peng A, Huang K. Caenorhabditis elegans as a model system for target identification and drug screening against neurodegenerative diseases. Eur J Pharmacol 2017; 819:169-180. [PMID: 29208474 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejphar.2017.11.051] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2017] [Accepted: 11/30/2017] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Over the past decades, Caenorhabditis elegans (C. elegans) has been widely used as a model system because of its small size, transparent body, short generation time and lifespan (~3 days and 3 weeks, respectively), completely sequenced genome and tractability to genetic manipulation. Protein misfolding and aggregation are key pathological features in neurodegenerative diseases such as Alzheimer's disease, Parkinson's disease, Huntington's disease and Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis. Animal models, including C. elegans, have been extensively used to discover and validate new drugs against neurodegenerative diseases. The well-defined and genetically tractable nervous system of C. elegans offers an effective model to explore basic mechanistic pathways of neurodegenerative diseases. Recent progress in high-throughput drug screening also provides a powerful approach for identifying chemical modulators of biological processes. Here, we summarize the latest progress of using C. elegans as a model system for target identification and drug screening in neurodegenerative diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liang Ma
- Tongji School of Pharmacy, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, China
| | - Yudan Zhao
- Tongji School of Pharmacy, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, China
| | - Yuchen Chen
- Tongji School of Pharmacy, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, China
| | - Biao Cheng
- Department of Pharmacy, The Central Hospital of Wuhan, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430014, China
| | - Anlin Peng
- Department of Pharmacy, The Third Hospital of Wuhan, Wuhan 430060, China
| | - Kun Huang
- Tongji School of Pharmacy, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, China; Center for Biomedicine Research, Wuhan Institute of Biotechnology, Wuhan 430075, China.
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19
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Zhu S, Li H, Dong J, Yang W, Liu T, Wang Y, Wang X, Wang M, Zhi D. Rose Essential Oil Delayed Alzheimer's Disease-Like Symptoms by SKN-1 Pathway in C. elegans. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2017; 65:8855-8865. [PMID: 28915354 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.7b03224] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
There are no effective medications for delaying the progress of Alzheimer's disease (AD), the most common neurodegenerative disease in the world. In this study, our results with C. elegans showed that rose essential oil (REO) significantly inhibited AD-like symptoms of worm paralysis and hypersensivity to exogenous 5-HT in a dose-dependent manner. Its main components of β-citronellol and geraniol acted less effectively than the oil itself. REO significantly suppressed Aβ deposits and reduced the Aβ oligomers to alleviate the toxicity induced by Aβ overexpression. Additionally, the inhibitory effects of REO on worm paralysis phenotype were abrogated only after skn-1 RNAi but not daf-16 and hsf-1 RNAi. REO markedly activated the expression of gst-4 gene, which further supported SKN-1 signaling pathway was involved in the therapeutic effect of REO on AD C. elegans. Our results provided direct evidence on REO for treating AD on an organism level and relative theoretical foundation for reshaping medicinal products of REO in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuqian Zhu
- Gansu High Throughput Screening and Creation Center for Health Products, School of Pharmacy, Lanzhou University , Lanzhou, 730000, P.R. China
| | - Hongyu Li
- Gansu High Throughput Screening and Creation Center for Health Products, School of Pharmacy, Lanzhou University , Lanzhou, 730000, P.R. China
| | - Juan Dong
- Gansu High Throughput Screening and Creation Center for Health Products, School of Pharmacy, Lanzhou University , Lanzhou, 730000, P.R. China
| | - Wenqi Yang
- Gansu High Throughput Screening and Creation Center for Health Products, School of Pharmacy, Lanzhou University , Lanzhou, 730000, P.R. China
| | - Ting Liu
- Gansu High Throughput Screening and Creation Center for Health Products, School of Pharmacy, Lanzhou University , Lanzhou, 730000, P.R. China
| | - Yu Wang
- Gansu High Throughput Screening and Creation Center for Health Products, School of Pharmacy, Lanzhou University , Lanzhou, 730000, P.R. China
| | - Xin Wang
- Gansu High Throughput Screening and Creation Center for Health Products, School of Pharmacy, Lanzhou University , Lanzhou, 730000, P.R. China
| | - Meizhu Wang
- Gansu High Throughput Screening and Creation Center for Health Products, School of Pharmacy, Lanzhou University , Lanzhou, 730000, P.R. China
| | - Dejuan Zhi
- Gansu High Throughput Screening and Creation Center for Health Products, School of Pharmacy, Lanzhou University , Lanzhou, 730000, P.R. China
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20
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Zhi D, Wang D, Yang W, Duan Z, Zhu S, Dong J, Wang N, Wang N, Fei D, Zhang Z, Wang X, Wang M, Li H. Dianxianning improved amyloid β-induced pathological characteristics partially through DAF-2/DAF-16 insulin like pathway in transgenic C. elegans. Sci Rep 2017; 7:11408. [PMID: 28900141 PMCID: PMC5595840 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-017-11628-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2017] [Accepted: 08/29/2017] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Dianxianning (DXN) is a traditional Chinese formula, and has been approved in China for treating epilepsy since 1996. Here anti-Alzheimer's disease activity of DXN has been reported. DXN improved AD-like symptoms of paralysis and 5-HT sensitivity of transgenic Aβ1-42 C. elegans. In worms, DXN significantly increased Aβ monomers and decreased the toxic Aβ oligomers, thus reducing Aβ toxicity. DXN significantly suppressed the expression of hsp-16.2 induced by juglone, and up-regulated sod-3 expression. These results indicated that DXN increased stress resistance and protected C. elegans against oxidative stress. Furthermore, DXN could significantly promote DAF-16 nuclear translocation, but it did not activate SKN-1. The inhibitory effect of DXN on the Aβ toxicity was significantly reverted by daf-16 RNAi, rather than skn-1 RNAi or hsf-1 RNAi. These results indicated that DAF-16 is at least partially required for the anti-AD effect of DXN. In conclusion, DXN improved Aβ-induced pathological characteristics partially through DAF-2/DAF-16 insulin like pathway in transgenic worms. Together with our data obtained by Morris water maze test, the results showed that DXN markedly ameliorated cognitive performance impairment induced by scopolamine in mice. All the results support that DXN is a potential drug candidate to treat Alzheimer's diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dejuan Zhi
- Gansu high throughput screening and creation center for health products, School of Pharmacy, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, P.R. China
| | - Dong Wang
- Gansu high throughput screening and creation center for health products, School of Pharmacy, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, P.R. China
| | - Wenqi Yang
- Gansu high throughput screening and creation center for health products, School of Pharmacy, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, P.R. China
| | - Ziyun Duan
- Gansu high throughput screening and creation center for health products, School of Pharmacy, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, P.R. China
| | - Shuqian Zhu
- Gansu high throughput screening and creation center for health products, School of Pharmacy, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, P.R. China
| | - Juan Dong
- Gansu high throughput screening and creation center for health products, School of Pharmacy, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, P.R. China
| | - Na Wang
- Gansu high throughput screening and creation center for health products, School of Pharmacy, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, P.R. China
| | - Ningbo Wang
- Gansu high throughput screening and creation center for health products, School of Pharmacy, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, P.R. China
| | - Dongqing Fei
- Gansu high throughput screening and creation center for health products, School of Pharmacy, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, P.R. China
| | - Zhanxin Zhang
- Gansu high throughput screening and creation center for health products, School of Pharmacy, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, P.R. China
| | - Xin Wang
- Gansu high throughput screening and creation center for health products, School of Pharmacy, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, P.R. China
| | - Meizhu Wang
- Gansu high throughput screening and creation center for health products, School of Pharmacy, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, P.R. China
| | - Hongyu Li
- Gansu high throughput screening and creation center for health products, School of Pharmacy, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, P.R. China.
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21
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Sun DS, Gao LF, Jin L, Wu H, Wang Q, Zhou Y, Fan S, Jiang X, Ke D, Lei H, Wang JZ, Liu GP. Fluoxetine administration during adolescence attenuates cognitive and synaptic deficits in adult 3×TgAD mice. Neuropharmacology 2017; 126:200-212. [PMID: 28911966 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuropharm.2017.08.037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2016] [Revised: 08/28/2017] [Accepted: 08/30/2017] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
Fluoxetine (FLX) has broad neurobiological functions and neuroprotective effects; however, the preventive effects of FLX on cognitive impairments in Alzheimer's disease (AD) have not been reported. Here, we studied whether adolescent administration of fluoxetine can prevent memory deficits in AD transgenic mice that harbour PS1m146v, APPswe and TauP301L mutations (3 × TgAD). FLX was applied through peritoneal injection to the mice at postnatal day 35 (p35) for 15 consecutive days, and the effects of FLX were observed at 6-month. We found that adolescent administration of FLX improved learning and memory abilities in 6-month-old 3 × TgAD mice. FLX exposure also increased the sizes of the hippocampal CA1, dentate gyrus (DG) and extensive cortex regions, with increased numbers of neurons and higher dendritic spine density. Meanwhile, the synaptic plasticity of neurons in the hippocampus was remodelled, and the expression levels of synaptic-related proteins were increased along with activation of the cyclic AMP response element-binding (CREB) protein/brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) signalling pathway. Finally, we found that FLX effectively prevented the increase of beta-amyloid (Aβ) levels. These data suggest that adolescent administration of the antidepressant drug FLX can efficiently preserve cognitive functions and improve pathologies in 3×Tg AD mice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dong-Sheng Sun
- Department of Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medicine and the Collaborative Innovation Center for Brain Science, Key Laboratory of Ministry of Education of China for Neurological Disorders, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, China
| | - Li-Feng Gao
- National Center for Magnetic Resonance in Wuhan, State Key Laboratory of Magnetic Resonance and Atomic and Molecular Physics, Wuhan Institute of Physics and Mathematics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, China
| | - Li Jin
- Department of Pathophysiology, Henan Medical College, Zhengzhou 451191, China; Henan Key Laboratory of Degenerative Brain Disease, Henan Medical College, Zhengzhou 451191, China
| | - Hao Wu
- National Center for Magnetic Resonance in Wuhan, State Key Laboratory of Magnetic Resonance and Atomic and Molecular Physics, Wuhan Institute of Physics and Mathematics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, China
| | - Qun Wang
- Department of Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medicine and the Collaborative Innovation Center for Brain Science, Key Laboratory of Ministry of Education of China for Neurological Disorders, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, China
| | - You Zhou
- Department of Neurosurgery, Tianyou Hospital, Wuhan University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Shuhao Fan
- Department of Neurosurgery, Tianyou Hospital, Wuhan University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Xia Jiang
- Department of Pathology, Hubei University of Chinese Medicine, Wuhan 430030, China
| | - Dan Ke
- Department of Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medicine and the Collaborative Innovation Center for Brain Science, Key Laboratory of Ministry of Education of China for Neurological Disorders, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, China
| | - Hao Lei
- National Center for Magnetic Resonance in Wuhan, State Key Laboratory of Magnetic Resonance and Atomic and Molecular Physics, Wuhan Institute of Physics and Mathematics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, China.
| | - Jian-Zhi Wang
- Department of Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medicine and the Collaborative Innovation Center for Brain Science, Key Laboratory of Ministry of Education of China for Neurological Disorders, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, China; Co-Innovation Center of Neuroregeneration, Nantong University, Nantong JS 226001, China.
| | - Gong-Ping Liu
- Department of Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medicine and the Collaborative Innovation Center for Brain Science, Key Laboratory of Ministry of Education of China for Neurological Disorders, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, China; Co-Innovation Center of Neuroregeneration, Nantong University, Nantong JS 226001, China.
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22
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Lee CWS, Lin CL, Lin PY, Thielke S, Su KP, Kao CH. Antidepressants and risk of dementia in migraine patients: A population-based case-control study. Prog Neuropsychopharmacol Biol Psychiatry 2017; 77:83-89. [PMID: 28392483 DOI: 10.1016/j.pnpbp.2017.04.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2017] [Revised: 03/28/2017] [Accepted: 04/06/2017] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
Abstract
To ascertain the relationship between receipt of antidepressant agents and the risk of subsequent dementia in migraine patients. A population-based case-control analysis, using the Taiwan National Health Insurance Research Database. We identified 1774 patients with dementia and 1774 matched nondementia controls from migraine patients enrolled in the Taiwan National Health Insurance program between 2005 and 2011. The proportional distributions of exposure to three classes of antidepressant were compared between dementia and nondementia groups. Univariable and multivariable logistic regression analyses were used to estimate odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) for the risk of dementia based on antidepressant exposure. The proportions of subjects taking tricyclic antidepressants (TCAs), selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs), and new-generation antidepressants (NGAs) in dementia versus nondementia groups are 52.3 vs 51.2%, 25.5 vs 30.7%, and 18.8 vs 6.26%, respectively. The adjusted ORs of dementia were 1.02 (95% CI=0.89, 1.17; P=0.56) for TCAs, 0.58 (95% CI=0.50, 0.69; P<0.001) for SSRIs, and 4.23 (95% CI=3.34, 5.37; P<0.001) for NGAs. Treatment with SSRIs was associated with a decreased risk of dementia in migraine patients. TCAs showed no association with dementia risk, and NGAs showed increased risk. Given the possibility of confounding by indication, additional prospective trials and basic research are needed before drawing conclusions about the population-level risks for dementia onset conferred by antidepressant medications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cynthia Wei-Sheng Lee
- Center for Drug Abuse and Addiction, China Medical University Hospital, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Cheng-Li Lin
- Management Office for Health Data, China Medical University Hospital, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan; College of Medicine, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Pan-Yen Lin
- Department of Psychiatry and Mind-Body Interface Laboratory (MBI-Lab), China Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan; Graduate Institute of Neural and Cognitive Sciences, College of Medicine, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Stephen Thielke
- Geriatric Research, Education, and Clinical Center, Puget Sound VA Medical Center, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Kuan-Pin Su
- Department of Psychiatry and Mind-Body Interface Laboratory (MBI-Lab), China Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan; Graduate Institute of Neural and Cognitive Sciences, College of Medicine, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Chia-Hung Kao
- Graduate Institute of Clinical Medical Science, College of Medicine, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan; Department of Nuclear Medicine and PET Center, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan; Department of Bioinformatics and Medical Engineering, Asia University, Taichung, Taiwan.
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23
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Farina F, Lambert E, Commeau L, Lejeune FX, Roudier N, Fonte C, Parker JA, Boddaert J, Verny M, Baulieu EE, Neri C. The stress response factor daf-16/FOXO is required for multiple compound families to prolong the function of neurons with Huntington's disease. Sci Rep 2017. [PMID: 28638078 PMCID: PMC5479833 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-017-04256-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Helping neurons to compensate for proteotoxic stress and maintain function over time (neuronal compensation) has therapeutic potential in aging and neurodegenerative disease. The stress response factor FOXO3 is neuroprotective in models of Huntington’s disease (HD), Parkinson’s disease and motor-neuron diseases. Neuroprotective compounds acting in a FOXO-dependent manner could thus constitute bona fide drugs for promoting neuronal compensation. However, whether FOXO-dependent neuroprotection is a common feature of several compound families remains unknown. Using drug screening in C. elegans nematodes with neuronal expression of human exon-1 huntingtin (128Q), we found that 3ß-Methoxy-Pregnenolone (MAP4343), 17ß-oestradiol (17ßE2) and 12 flavonoids including isoquercitrin promote neuronal function in 128Q nematodes. MAP4343, 17ßE2 and isoquercitrin also promote stress resistance in mutant Htt striatal cells derived from knock-in HD mice. Interestingly, daf-16/FOXO is required for MAP4343, 17ßE2 and isoquercitrin to sustain neuronal function in 128Q nematodes. This similarly applies to the GSK3 inhibitor lithium chloride (LiCl) and, as previously described, to resveratrol and the AMPK activator metformin. Daf-16/FOXO and the targets engaged by these compounds define a sub-network enriched for stress-response and neuronally-active pathways. Collectively, these data highlights the dependence on a daf-16/FOXO-interaction network as a common feature of several compound families for prolonging neuronal function in HD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francesca Farina
- CNRS, Laboratory of Neuronal Cell Biology & Pathology and University Hospital Department Fight Aging and Stress (DHU FAST), UMR 8256, Paris, France.,Sorbonne Universités, University Pierre and Marie Curie (UPMC) Univ Paris 06, Paris, France
| | - Emmanuel Lambert
- CNRS, Laboratory of Neuronal Cell Biology & Pathology and University Hospital Department Fight Aging and Stress (DHU FAST), UMR 8256, Paris, France.,Sorbonne Universités, University Pierre and Marie Curie (UPMC) Univ Paris 06, Paris, France
| | - Lucie Commeau
- CNRS, Laboratory of Neuronal Cell Biology & Pathology and University Hospital Department Fight Aging and Stress (DHU FAST), UMR 8256, Paris, France.,Sorbonne Universités, University Pierre and Marie Curie (UPMC) Univ Paris 06, Paris, France
| | - François-Xavier Lejeune
- CNRS, Laboratory of Neuronal Cell Biology & Pathology and University Hospital Department Fight Aging and Stress (DHU FAST), UMR 8256, Paris, France.,Sorbonne Universités, University Pierre and Marie Curie (UPMC) Univ Paris 06, Paris, France
| | | | - Cosima Fonte
- Inserm, UMR 1195, 94276, Le Kremlin-Bicêtre, Cedex, France
| | - J Alex Parker
- CNRS, Laboratory of Neuronal Cell Biology & Pathology and University Hospital Department Fight Aging and Stress (DHU FAST), UMR 8256, Paris, France.,Sorbonne Universités, University Pierre and Marie Curie (UPMC) Univ Paris 06, Paris, France.,CRCHUM, Montréal, Canada and Department de Neurosciences, Faculté de médecine, Université de Montréal, Montréal, Canada
| | - Jacques Boddaert
- CNRS, Laboratory of Neuronal Cell Biology & Pathology and University Hospital Department Fight Aging and Stress (DHU FAST), UMR 8256, Paris, France.,Sorbonne Universités, University Pierre and Marie Curie (UPMC) Univ Paris 06, Paris, France.,Department of Geriatrics, Pitié-Salpêtrière Hospital, Assistance Publique Hôpitaux de Paris (APHP), 75013, Paris, France
| | - Marc Verny
- CNRS, Laboratory of Neuronal Cell Biology & Pathology and University Hospital Department Fight Aging and Stress (DHU FAST), UMR 8256, Paris, France.,Sorbonne Universités, University Pierre and Marie Curie (UPMC) Univ Paris 06, Paris, France.,Department of Geriatrics, Pitié-Salpêtrière Hospital, Assistance Publique Hôpitaux de Paris (APHP), 75013, Paris, France
| | - Etienne-Emile Baulieu
- Inserm, UMR 1195, 94276, Le Kremlin-Bicêtre, Cedex, France. .,MAPREG, 94276, Le Kremlin-Bicêtre, Cedex, France.
| | - Christian Neri
- CNRS, Laboratory of Neuronal Cell Biology & Pathology and University Hospital Department Fight Aging and Stress (DHU FAST), UMR 8256, Paris, France. .,Sorbonne Universités, University Pierre and Marie Curie (UPMC) Univ Paris 06, Paris, France.
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Li J, Cui X, Ma X, Wang Z. rBTI reduced β-amyloid-induced toxicity by promoting autophagy-lysosomal degradation via DAF-16 in Caenorhabditis elegans. Exp Gerontol 2017; 89:78-86. [PMID: 28119052 DOI: 10.1016/j.exger.2017.01.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2016] [Revised: 01/17/2017] [Accepted: 01/20/2017] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Alzheimer's disease (AD) is an age-related neurodegenerative disease, of which β-amyloid (Aβ) induced toxicity was suggested as a main cause. Some substances with prolongevity effects have been shown to be protective against AD. In a previous study we demonstrated that a recombinant buckwheat trypsin inhibitor (rBTI) could prolonge the lifespan in Caenorhabditis elegans (C. elegans). Here, we investigated whether rBTI may benefit to mitigate the AD symptom by feeding the AD model C. elegans CL4176. CL4176 is a transgenic C. elegans expressing human Aβ3-42 in muscle tissue. The results showed that rBTI not only could extend lifespan but also could reduce Aβ toxicity-triggered body paralysis in AD worms. Further study found the accumulation of Aβ was decreased and autophagy-lysosomal degradation pathway was activated in AD worms treated with rBTI. Moreover, the inhibition of autophagy reduced rBTI-mediated paralysis delay. Genetic analyses showed rBTI increased the transcriptional activity of dauer formation abnormal-16 (DAF-16) and the disruption of daf-16 abolished rBTI-mediated protective effect in AD worms. Taken together, these data indicated that rBTI promoted the autophagy-lysosomal degradation pathway to reduce the Aβ-induced toxicity via DAF-16 in an AD model C. elegans, implying that BTI has the potential to protect against AD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiao Li
- Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology and Molecular Engineering of Ministry of Education, Institute of Biotechnology, Shanxi University, Taiyuan 030006, PR China
| | - Xiaodong Cui
- Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology and Molecular Engineering of Ministry of Education, Institute of Biotechnology, Shanxi University, Taiyuan 030006, PR China
| | - Xiaoli Ma
- College of Life Science, Shanxi University, Taiyuan 030006, PR China
| | - Zhuanhua Wang
- College of Life Science, Shanxi University, Taiyuan 030006, PR China.
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Sierksma ASR, de Nijs L, Hoogland G, Vanmierlo T, van Leeuwen FW, Rutten BPF, Steinbusch HWM, Prickaerts J, van den Hove DLA. Fluoxetine Treatment Induces Seizure Behavior and Premature Death in APPswe/PS1dE9 Mice. J Alzheimers Dis 2016; 51:677-82. [PMID: 26890781 DOI: 10.3233/jad-151066] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
Treatment of Alzheimer's disease (AD) patients with the antidepressant fluoxetine is known to improve memory and cognitive function. However, the mechanisms underlying these effects are largely unknown. To unravel these mechanisms, we aimed to treat APPswe/PS1dE9 mice with fluoxetine. Unexpectedly, with time, an increased number of animals displayed seizure behavior and died. Although spontaneous behavioral seizures have been reported previously in this mouse model, the observation of seizures and death consequential to fluoxetine treatment is new. Our results warrant further research on the underlying mechanisms as this may refine the treatment of AD patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Annerieke S R Sierksma
- School for Mental Health and Neuroscience (MHeNS), Department of Psychiatry and Neuropsychology, Faculty of Health, Medicine and Life Sciences, Maastricht University, Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - Laurence de Nijs
- School for Mental Health and Neuroscience (MHeNS), Department of Psychiatry and Neuropsychology, Faculty of Health, Medicine and Life Sciences, Maastricht University, Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - Govert Hoogland
- School for Mental Health and Neuroscience (MHeNS), Department of Psychiatry and Neuropsychology, Faculty of Health, Medicine and Life Sciences, Maastricht University, Maastricht, The Netherlands.,Department of Neurosurgery, Maastricht University Medical Center, Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - Tim Vanmierlo
- School for Mental Health and Neuroscience (MHeNS), Department of Psychiatry and Neuropsychology, Faculty of Health, Medicine and Life Sciences, Maastricht University, Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - Fred W van Leeuwen
- School for Mental Health and Neuroscience (MHeNS), Department of Psychiatry and Neuropsychology, Faculty of Health, Medicine and Life Sciences, Maastricht University, Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - Bart P F Rutten
- School for Mental Health and Neuroscience (MHeNS), Department of Psychiatry and Neuropsychology, Faculty of Health, Medicine and Life Sciences, Maastricht University, Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - Harry W M Steinbusch
- School for Mental Health and Neuroscience (MHeNS), Department of Psychiatry and Neuropsychology, Faculty of Health, Medicine and Life Sciences, Maastricht University, Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - Jos Prickaerts
- School for Mental Health and Neuroscience (MHeNS), Department of Psychiatry and Neuropsychology, Faculty of Health, Medicine and Life Sciences, Maastricht University, Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - Daniel L A van den Hove
- School for Mental Health and Neuroscience (MHeNS), Department of Psychiatry and Neuropsychology, Faculty of Health, Medicine and Life Sciences, Maastricht University, Maastricht, The Netherlands.,Department of Psychiatry, Psychosomatics and Psychotherapy, University of Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany
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Long-term Ameliorative Effects of the Antidepressant Fluoxetine Exposure on Cognitive Deficits in 3 × TgAD Mice. Mol Neurobiol 2016; 54:4160-4171. [DOI: 10.1007/s12035-016-9952-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2016] [Accepted: 06/06/2016] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
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Zeng Z, Wang X, Bhardwaj SK, Zhou X, Little PJ, Quirion R, Srivastava LK, Zheng W. The Atypical Antipsychotic Agent, Clozapine, Protects Against Corticosterone-Induced Death of PC12 Cells by Regulating the Akt/FoxO3a Signaling Pathway. Mol Neurobiol 2016; 54:3395-3406. [DOI: 10.1007/s12035-016-9904-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2015] [Accepted: 05/03/2016] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
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Zhou X, Li Y, Shi X, Ma C. An overview on therapeutics attenuating amyloid β level in Alzheimer's disease: targeting neurotransmission, inflammation, oxidative stress and enhanced cholesterol levels. Am J Transl Res 2016; 8:246-69. [PMID: 27158324 PMCID: PMC4846881] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/26/2015] [Accepted: 11/26/2015] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
Alzheimer's disease (AD) is the most common underlying cause of dementia, and novel drugs for its treatment are needed. Of the different theories explaining the development and progression of AD, "amyloid hypothesis" is the most supported by experimental data. This hypothesis states that the cleavage of amyloid precursor protein (APP) leads to the formation of amyloid beta (Aβ) peptides that congregate with formation and deposition of Aβ plaques in the frontal cortex and hippocampus. Risk factors including neurotransmitter modulation, chronic inflammation, metal-induced oxidative stress and elevated cholesterol levels are key contributors to the disease progress. Current therapeutic strategies abating AD progression are primarily based on anti-acetylcholinesterase (AChE) inhibitors as cognitive enhancers. The AChE inhibitor, donepezil, is proven to strengthen cognitive functions and appears effective in treating moderate to severe AD patients. N-Methyl-D-aspartate receptor antagonist, memantine, is also useful, and its combination with donepezil demonstrated a strong stabilizing effect in clinical studies on AD. Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs delayed the onset and progression of AD and attenuated cognitive dysfunction. Based upon epidemiological evidence and animal studies, antioxidants emerged as potential AD preventive agents; however, clinical trials revealed inconsistencies. Pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic profiling demonstrated pleiotropic functions of the hypolipidemic class of drugs, statins, potentially contributing towards the prevention of AD. In addition, targeting the APP processing pathways, stimulating neuroprotective signaling mechanisms, using the amyloid anti-aggregants and Aβ immunotherapy surfaced as well-tested strategies in reducing the AD-like pathology. Overall, this review covers mechanism of inducing the Aβ formation, key risk factors and major therapeutics prevalent in the AD treatment nowadays. It also delineates the need for novel screening approaches towards identifying drugs that may prevent or at least limit the progression of this devastating disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoling Zhou
- The Affiliated Hospital to Changchun University of Chinese Medicine Changchun, China
| | - Yifei Li
- The Affiliated Hospital to Changchun University of Chinese Medicine Changchun, China
| | - Xiaozhe Shi
- The Affiliated Hospital to Changchun University of Chinese Medicine Changchun, China
| | - Chun Ma
- The Affiliated Hospital to Changchun University of Chinese Medicine Changchun, China
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Fluoxetine ameliorates cognitive impairments induced by chronic cerebral hypoperfusion via down-regulation of HCN2 surface expression in the hippocampal CA1 area in rats. Pharmacol Biochem Behav 2016; 140:1-7. [DOI: 10.1016/j.pbb.2015.11.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2015] [Revised: 11/03/2015] [Accepted: 11/04/2015] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
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Lauterbach EC. Six psychotropics for pre-symptomatic & early Alzheimer's (MCI), Parkinson's, and Huntington's disease modification. Neural Regen Res 2016; 11:1712-1726. [PMID: 28123400 PMCID: PMC5204212 DOI: 10.4103/1673-5374.194708] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The quest for neuroprotective drugs to slow the progression of neurodegenerative diseases (NDDs), including Alzheimer's disease (AD), Parkinson's disease (PD), and Huntington's disease (HD), has been largely unrewarding. Preclinical evidence suggests that repurposing quetiapine, lithium, valproate, fluoxetine, donepezil, and memantine for early and pre-symptomatic disease-modification in NDDs may be promising and can spare regulatory barriers. The literature of these psychotropics in early stage and pre-symptomatic AD, PD, and HD is reviewed and propitious findings follow. Mild cognitive impairment (MCI) phase of AD: salutary human randomized controlled trial findings for low-dose lithium and, in selected patients, donepezil await replication. Pre-symptomatic AD: human epidemiological data indicate that lithium reduces AD risk. Animal model studies (AMS) reveal encouraging results for quetiapine, lithium, donepezil, and memantine. Early PD: valproate AMS findings show promise. Pre-symptomatic PD: lithium and valproate AMS findings are encouraging. Early HD: uncontrolled clinical data indicate non-progression with lithium, fluoxetine, donepezil, and memantine. Pre-symptomatic HD: lithium and valproate are auspicious in AMS. Many other promising findings awaiting replication (valproate in MCI; lithium, valproate, fluoxetine in pre-symptomatic AD; lithium in early PD; lithium, valproate, fluoxetine in pre-symptomatic PD; donepezil in early HD; lithium, fluoxetine, memantine in pre-symptomatic HD) are reviewed. Dose- and stage-dependent effects are considered. Suggestions for signal-enhancement in human trials are provided for each NDD stage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Edward C Lauterbach
- Professor Emeritus of Psychiatry and Neurology, Mercer University School of Medicine, Macon, GA, USA
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Chen X, Barclay JW, Burgoyne RD, Morgan A. Using C. elegans to discover therapeutic compounds for ageing-associated neurodegenerative diseases. Chem Cent J 2015; 9:65. [PMID: 26617668 PMCID: PMC4661952 DOI: 10.1186/s13065-015-0143-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 82] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2015] [Accepted: 11/15/2015] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Age-associated neurodegenerative disorders such as Alzheimer's disease are a major public health challenge, due to the demographic increase in the proportion of older individuals in society. However, the relatively few currently approved drugs for these conditions provide only symptomatic relief. A major goal of neurodegeneration research is therefore to identify potential new therapeutic compounds that can slow or even reverse disease progression, either by impacting directly on the neurodegenerative process or by activating endogenous physiological neuroprotective mechanisms that decline with ageing. This requires model systems that can recapitulate key features of human neurodegenerative diseases that are also amenable to compound screening approaches. Mammalian models are very powerful, but are prohibitively expensive for high-throughput drug screens. Given the highly conserved neurological pathways between mammals and invertebrates, Caenorhabditis elegans has emerged as a powerful tool for neuroprotective compound screening. Here we describe how C. elegans has been used to model various human ageing-associated neurodegenerative diseases and provide an extensive list of compounds that have therapeutic activity in these worm models and so may have translational potential.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xi Chen
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Physiology, Institute of Translational Medicine, University of Liverpool, Crown St, Liverpool, L69 3BX UK ; Centre for Neurodegenerative Science, Van Andel Research Institute, 333 Bostwick Avenue NE, Grand Rapids, Michigan, MI 49503 USA
| | - Jeff W Barclay
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Physiology, Institute of Translational Medicine, University of Liverpool, Crown St, Liverpool, L69 3BX UK
| | - Robert D Burgoyne
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Physiology, Institute of Translational Medicine, University of Liverpool, Crown St, Liverpool, L69 3BX UK
| | - Alan Morgan
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Physiology, Institute of Translational Medicine, University of Liverpool, Crown St, Liverpool, L69 3BX UK
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O'Reilly LP, Benson JA, Cummings EE, Perlmutter DH, Silverman GA, Pak SC. Worming our way to novel drug discovery with the Caenorhabditis elegans proteostasis network, stress response and insulin-signaling pathways. Expert Opin Drug Discov 2014; 9:1021-32. [PMID: 24998976 DOI: 10.1517/17460441.2014.930125] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Many human diseases result from a failure of a single protein to achieve the correct folding and tertiary conformation. These so-called 'conformational diseases' involve diverse proteins and distinctive cellular pathologies. They all engage the proteostasis network (PN), to varying degrees in an attempt to mange cellular stress and restore protein homeostasis. The insulin/insulin-like growth factor signaling (IIS) pathway is a master regulator of cellular stress response, which is implicated in regulating components of the PN. AREAS COVERED This review focuses on novel approaches to target conformational diseases. The authors discuss the evidence supporting the involvement of the IIS pathway in modulating the PN and regulating proteostasis in Caenorhabditis elegans. Furthermore, they review previous PN and IIS drug screens and explore the possibility of using C. elegans for whole organism-based drug discovery for modulators of IIS-proteostasis pathways. EXPERT OPINION An alternative approach to develop individualized therapy for each conformational disease is to modulate the global PN. The involvement of the IIS pathway in regulating longevity and response to a variety of stresses is well documented. Increasing data now provide evidence for the close association between the IIS and the PN pathways. The authors believe that high-throughput screening campaigns, which target the C. elegans IIS pathway, may identify drugs that are efficacious in treating numerous conformational diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Linda P O'Reilly
- University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Children's Hospital of Pittsburgh of UPMC and Magee-Womens Hospital Research Institute, Department of Pediatrics , 4401 Penn Avenue, Rangos Room 7131, Pittsburgh, PA 15224 , USA +1 412 692 9457 ; +1 412 641 1844 ;
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Gkikas I, Petratou D, Tavernarakis N. Longevity pathways and memory aging. Front Genet 2014; 5:155. [PMID: 24926313 PMCID: PMC4044971 DOI: 10.3389/fgene.2014.00155] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2014] [Accepted: 05/10/2014] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
The aging process has been associated with numerous pathologies at the cellular, tissue, and organ level. Decline or loss of brain functions, including learning and memory, is one of the most devastating and feared aspects of aging. Learning and memory are fundamental processes by which animals adjust to environmental changes, evaluate various sensory signals based on context and experience, and make decisions to generate adaptive behaviors. Age-related memory impairment is an important phenotype of brain aging. Understanding the molecular mechanisms underlying age-related memory impairment is crucial for the development of therapeutic strategies that may eventually lead to the development of drugs to combat memory loss. Studies in invertebrate animal models have taught us much about the physiology of aging and its effects on learning and memory. In this review we survey recent progress relevant to conserved molecular pathways implicated in both aging and memory formation and consolidation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ilias Gkikas
- Institute of Molecular Biology and Biotechnology, Foundation for Research and Technology-Hellas, Heraklion Crete, Greece
| | - Dionysia Petratou
- Institute of Molecular Biology and Biotechnology, Foundation for Research and Technology-Hellas, Heraklion Crete, Greece
| | - Nektarios Tavernarakis
- Institute of Molecular Biology and Biotechnology, Foundation for Research and Technology-Hellas, Heraklion Crete, Greece ; Department of Basic Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, University of Crete, Heraklion Crete, Greece
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Lublin AL, Link CD. Alzheimer's disease drug discovery: in vivo screening using Caenorhabditis elegans as a model for β-amyloid peptide-induced toxicity. DRUG DISCOVERY TODAY. TECHNOLOGIES 2014; 10:e115-e119. [PMID: 24050239 DOI: 10.1016/j.ddtec.2012.02.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 79] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a complex human neurodegenerative disease. Currently the therapeutics for AD only treats the symptoms. While numbers of excellent studies have used mammalian models to discover new compounds, the time and effort involved with screening large numbers of candidates is prohibitive. Cultured mammalian neurons are often used to perform high-throughput screens (HTS); however, cell culture lacks the organismal complexity involved in AD. To address these issues several researchers are turning to the roundworm, Caenorhabditis elegans. C. elegans has numerous models of both Tau and Ab induced toxicity, the two prime components observed to correlate with AD pathology. These models have led to the discovery of numerous AD modulating candidates. Further, the ease of performing RNA interference for any gene in the C. elegans genome allows for identification of proteins involved in the mechanism of drug action. These attributes make C. elegans well positioned to aid in the discovery of new AD therapies.
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Dopamine signaling in C. elegans is mediated in part by HLH-17-dependent regulation of extracellular dopamine levels. G3-GENES GENOMES GENETICS 2014; 4:1081-9. [PMID: 24709946 PMCID: PMC4065251 DOI: 10.1534/g3.114.010819] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
In Caenorhabditis elegans, the dopamine transporter DAT-1 regulates synaptic dopamine (DA) signaling by controlling extracellular DA levels. In dat-1(ok157) animals, DA is not taken back up presynaptically but instead reaches extrasynpatic sites, where it activates the dopamine receptor DOP-3 on choligeneric motor neurons and causes animals to become paralyzed in water. This phenotype is called swimming-induced paralysis (SWIP) and is dependent on dat-1 and dop-3. Upstream regulators of dat-1 and dop-3 have yet to be described in C. elegans. In our previous studies, we defined a role for HLH-17 during dopamine response through its regulation of the dopamine receptors. Here we continue our characterization of the effects of HLH-17 on dopamine signaling. Our results suggest that HLH-17 acts downstream of dopamine synthesis to regulate the expression of dop-3 and dat-1. First, we show that hlh-17 animals display a SWIP phenotype that is consistent with its regulation of dop-3 and dat-1. Second, we show that this behavior is enhanced by treatment with the dopamine reuptake inhibitor, bupropion, in both hlh-17 and dat-1 animals, a result suggesting that SWIP behavior is regulated via a mechanism that is both dependent on and independent of DAT-1. Third, and finally, we show that although the SWIP phenotype of hlh-17 animals is unresponsive to the dopamine agonist, reserpine, and to the antidepressant, fluoxetine, hlh-17 animals are not defective in acetylcholine signaling. Taken together, our work suggests that HLH-17 is required to maintain normal levels of dopamine in the synaptic cleft through its regulation of dop-3 and dat-1.
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Li WH, Shi YC, Chang CH, Huang CW, Hsiu-Chuan Liao V. Selenite protectsCaenorhabditis elegansfrom oxidative stress via DAF-16 and TRXR-1. Mol Nutr Food Res 2013; 58:863-74. [DOI: 10.1002/mnfr.201300404] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2013] [Revised: 08/20/2013] [Accepted: 09/05/2013] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Wen-Hsuan Li
- Department of Bioenvironmental Systems Engineering; National Taiwan University; Taipei Taiwan
| | - Yeu-Ching Shi
- Department of Bioenvironmental Systems Engineering; National Taiwan University; Taipei Taiwan
| | - Chun-Han Chang
- Department of Bioenvironmental Systems Engineering; National Taiwan University; Taipei Taiwan
| | - Chi-Wei Huang
- Department of Bioenvironmental Systems Engineering; National Taiwan University; Taipei Taiwan
| | - Vivian Hsiu-Chuan Liao
- Department of Bioenvironmental Systems Engineering; National Taiwan University; Taipei Taiwan
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Liu H, Liang F, Su W, Wang N, Lv M, Li P, Pei Z, Zhang Y, Xie XQ, Wang L, Wang Y. Lifespan extension by n-butanol extract from seed of Platycladus orientalis in Caenorhabditis elegans. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2013; 147:366-372. [PMID: 23523941 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2013.03.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2012] [Revised: 01/29/2013] [Accepted: 03/07/2013] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
AIM OF THE STUDY As a traditional Chinese medicine, seed of Platycladus orientalis(Linnaeus) Franco has been extensively used as a tonic and sedative remedy. The present study was conducted to investigate whether lifespan was extended and the mechanisms of n-butanol extract from seed of Platycladus orientalis (BSPO) in Caenorhabditis elegans. The findings could provide the pharmacological basis for a treatment in traditional medicine. MATERIALS AND METHODS Lifespan extension by BSPO was evaluated under normal culture conditions and in a stress test. A possible mechanism of the anti-aging effect of BSPO, a change in the stress-resistance of related proteins, was also investigated in C. elegans. RESULTS It has been shown that BSPO could significantly extend lifespan of C. elegans in a concentration dependent manner under normal culture conditions and stress. Further studies demonstrated that BSPO treatment significantly decreased reactive oxygen species (ROS) accumulation, up-regulated resistance to stress of related proteins, including glutathione S-transferase-4 (GST-4) and heat shock protein-16.2 (HSP-16.2), and reduced the amount of lipofuscin in transgenic C. elegans. CONCLUSION These results indicated that BSPO extended the lifespan, which could be attributed to its direct ROS scavenging activity, reducing the amount of lipofuscin and increasing the expression of gens associated with resistance to stress. These obtained data provided valuable support for traditional clinical practice to extend lifespan and to provide tonic remedy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haibin Liu
- Guangdong Key Laboratory of Plant Resources, Guangzhou Quality R&D Center of Traditional Chinese Medicine, School of Life Science, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou 510275, PR China
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Abstract
The molecules that mediate death of selective neurons in Alzheimer's disease (AD) are mostly unknown. The Forkhead transcription factor FoxO3a has emerged as an important mediator of cell fate including apoptosis. When phosphorylated by Akt, it is localized in the cytosol as an inactive complex bound with 14-3-3 protein. For activation and localization of FoxO3a in the nucleus, further modifications are required, such as phosphorylation by mammalian sterile 20-like kinase 1 (MST1) and arginine methylation by protein arginine methyltransferase1. We report here that Akt-mediated phosphorylation of FoxO3a is diminished in neurons exposed to oligomeric β-amyloid (Aβ), in vitro and in vivo. We also find that oligomeric Aβ activates FoxO3a by MST1 phosphorylation and arginine methylation in primary cultures of hippocampal and cortical neurons. Moreover, FoxO3a translocates from the cytosol to nucleus in cultured neurons in response to Aβ. Most importantly, the nuclear redistribution of FoxO3a is significantly increased in Aβ-overexpressing AβPPswe-PS1dE9 mice and Aβ-infused rat brains. We further find that FoxO3a is essential for loss of neurons and neural networks in response to Aβ. Recent reports implicate Bim, a pro-apoptotic member of Bcl-2 family, in neuron death in AD, as a key target of this transcription factor. We show that Bim is a direct target of FoxO3a in Aβ-treated neurons. Our findings thus indicate that FoxO3a is activated, translocated to the nucleus and mediates neuron death via Bim in response to Aβ toxicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- P Sanphui
- Cell Biology and Physiology Division, CSIR-Indian Institute of Chemical Biology, Kolkata, India
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Monascus-fermented dioscorea enhances oxidative stress resistance via DAF-16/FOXO in Caenorhabditis elegans. PLoS One 2012; 7:e39515. [PMID: 22745774 PMCID: PMC3382167 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0039515] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2011] [Accepted: 05/27/2012] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Monascus-fermented products are mentioned in an ancient Chinese pharmacopoeia of medicinal food and herbs. Monascus-fermented products offer valuable therapeutic benefits and have been extensively used in East Asia for several centuries. Several biological activities of Monascus-fermented products were recently described, and the extract of Monascus-fermented products showed strong antioxidant activity of scavenging DPPH radicals. To evaluate whether Monascus-fermented dioscorea products have potential as nutritional supplements, Monascus-fermented dioscorea's modulation of oxidative-stress resistance and associated regulatory mechanisms in Caenorhabditis elegans were investigated. PRINCIPAL FINDINGS We examined oxidative stress resistance of the ethanol extract of red mold dioscorea (RMDE) in C. elegans, and found that RMDE-treated wild-type C. elegans showed an increased survival during juglone-induced oxidative stress compared to untreated controls, whereas the antioxidant phenotype was absent from a daf-16 mutant. In addition, the RMDE reduced the level of intracellular reactive oxygen species in C. elegans. Finally, the RMDE affected the subcellular distribution of the FOXO transcription factor, DAF-16, in C. elegans and induced the expression of the sod-3 antioxidative gene. CONCLUSIONS These findings suggest that the RMDE acts as an antioxidative stress agent and thus may have potential as a nutritional supplement. Further studies in C. elegans suggest that the antioxidant effect of RMDE is mediated via regulation of the DAF-16/FOXO-dependent pathway.
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Abstract
Pharmacological cognitive enhancers (PCEs) are used to improve cognitive functions, such as attention, learning, memory and planning in patients with impairments in cognition resulting from traumatic brain injury (TBI) or from neuropsychiatric disorders such as Alzheimer's disease (AD), mild cognitive impairment, schizophrenia, and attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). Moreover, PCEs have been shown to improve cognition in healthy volunteers with no psychiatric disorders. This article describes the rationale behind the need for their use in neuropsychiatric patients and illustrates how PCEs can ameliorate cognitive impairments, improve quality of life and wellbeing, and therefore reduce the economic burden associated with these disorders. We also describe evidence that PCEs are being used as cognitive enhancers by healthy people. Crucially, as the lifestyle use of these drugs becomes very popular in the healthy population, a final aim is to present an overview of the current and future neuroethical considerations of enhancing the healthy brain. As information regarding their actual use, benefits and harms in various healthy populations is currently lacking, we propose research that aims to obtain relevant empirical data, monitor the short- and long-term effectiveness and side-effects, and initiate accurate surveys to determine current patterns and quantity of usage of PCE drugs by healthy people. Furthermore, in order to instigate a dialogue between neuroethics and neuropsychopharmacology, we urge scientists to explore and communicate the social and ethical implications of their research to the public. Finally, we discuss and highlight other means of enhancing cognition in both patients and healthy adults, including education and physical exercise.
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Borre Y, Bosman E, Lemstra S, Westphal KG, Olivier B, Oosting RS. Memantine partly rescues behavioral and cognitive deficits in an animal model of neurodegeneration. Neuropharmacology 2012; 62:2010-7. [PMID: 22248638 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuropharm.2011.12.034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2011] [Revised: 12/05/2011] [Accepted: 12/26/2011] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Memantine, a non-competitive NMDA receptor antagonist, is used for the treatment of Alzheimer's disease (AD) and off-label as an anti-depressant. Here we investigated possible anti-depressant, cognitive enhancing and neuroprotective effects of memantine in the olfactory bulbectomized (OBX) rat. OBX is used as a screening model for antidepressants and shows cognitive disturbances. In Experiment I, memantine treatment started 14 days after OBX surgery (this setup is similar to what we use for screening of potential antidepressants) and 2 days before surgery in experiment II. In both experiments, memantine (20 mg/kg, p.o) was administered once daily for 28 days. Animals were tested in the open field (locomotor activity), passive avoidance (fear learning and memory), and holeboard (spatial acquisition and memory) before and after the bulbectomy. Memantine, when administered before surgery, prevented OBX-induced hyperactivity and partly fear memory loss. These behavioral effects were present for at least 3 weeks after cessation of treatment. Memantine, however did not improve spatial memory. When administered 2 weeks after OBX surgery, memantine was ineffective in normalizing open field hyperactivity and improving cognitive deficits. Interestingly, after the animals were retrained in passive avoidance, memantine- treated OBX rats (both in experiment I and II) showed improved fear learning and memory. Our findings suggest that memantine has both neuroprotective and cognitive enhancing effects without antidepressant-like properties in the OBX rat. Based on our results, we propose that memantine may be more beneficial to AD patients when administered early in the disease process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuliya Borre
- Department of Pharmacology, Utrecht Institute for Pharmaceutical Sciences and Rudolf Magnus Institute of Neuroscience, Utrecht University, Universiteitsweg 99, 3584 CG, Utrecht, The Netherlands.
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Martinez-Finley EJ, Chakraborty S, Caito S, Fretham S, Aschner M. C. elegans and Neurodegeneration In Caenorhabditis Elegans: Anatomy, Life Cycles and Biological Functions. ADVANCES IN MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY 2012; 44:1-46. [PMID: 32346495 PMCID: PMC7188451] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Grants] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Ebany J. Martinez-Finley
- Division of Clinical Pharmacology and Pediatric Toxicology, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN
| | - Sudipta Chakraborty
- Division of Clinical Pharmacology and Pediatric Toxicology, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN
| | - Sam Caito
- Division of Clinical Pharmacology and Pediatric Toxicology, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN
| | - Stephanie Fretham
- Division of Clinical Pharmacology and Pediatric Toxicology, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN
| | - Michael Aschner
- Division of Clinical Pharmacology and Pediatric Toxicology, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN
- Center in Molecular Toxicology, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN
- Center for Molecular Neuroscience, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN
- The Kennedy Center for Research on Human Development, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN
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Martinez-Finley EJ, Avila DS, Chakraborty S, Aschner M. Insights from Caenorhabditis elegans on the role of metals in neurodegenerative diseases. Metallomics 2011; 3:271-9. [PMID: 21210060 PMCID: PMC3172965 DOI: 10.1039/c0mt00064g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Neurodegeneration is characterized by the cell death or loss of structure and/or function of neurons. Many neurodegenerative diseases including Parkinson's disease (PD) and Alzheimer's disease (AD) are the result of neurodegenerative processes. Metals are essential for many life processes, but they are also culpable for several neurodegenerative mechanisms. In this review, we discuss the role of metals in neurodegenerative diseases with emphasis on the utility of Caenorhabditis elegans (C. elegans) genetic models in deciphering mechanisms associated with the etiology of PD and AD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ebany J. Martinez-Finley
- Division of Clinical Pharmacology and Pediatric Toxicology, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, 11425 MRB IV, 2215-B Garland Ave., Nashville, TN 37232-0414, USA; Tel: 615-322-8024
- Center in Molecular Toxicology, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, USA
| | - Daiana Silva Avila
- Division of Clinical Pharmacology and Pediatric Toxicology, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, 11425 MRB IV, 2215-B Garland Ave., Nashville, TN 37232-0414, USA; Tel: 615-322-8024
| | - Sudipta Chakraborty
- Center in Molecular Toxicology, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, USA
- Center for Molecular Neuroscience, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, USA
| | - Michael Aschner
- Division of Clinical Pharmacology and Pediatric Toxicology, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, 11425 MRB IV, 2215-B Garland Ave., Nashville, TN 37232-0414, USA; Tel: 615-322-8024
- Center in Molecular Toxicology, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, USA
- Center for Molecular Neuroscience, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, USA
- The Kennedy Center for Research on Human Development, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Division of Pediatric Toxicology, Nashville, TN, USA
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Keowkase R, Aboukhatwa M, Adam BL, Beach JW, Terry AV, Buccafussco JJ, Luo Y. Neuroprotective effects and mechanism of cognitive-enhancing choline analogs JWB 1-84-1 and JAY 2-22-33 in neuronal culture and Caenorhabditis elegans. Mol Neurodegener 2010; 5:59. [PMID: 21162742 PMCID: PMC3017027 DOI: 10.1186/1750-1326-5-59] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2010] [Accepted: 12/16/2010] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Our previous work indicated that novel analogs of choline have cytoprotective effects in vitro that might be useful in neurodegenerative conditions such as Alzheimer's disease (AD). Furthermore, two lead compounds (JWB1-84-1 and JAY2-22-33) from a library of more than 50 improved cognitive performances in a transgenic mouse model of AD. The purpose of these experiments was to more specifically investigate the neuroprotective capabilities of these lead compounds both in vitro and in vivo. Results We used N2a cells which express a Swedish mutation in the amyloid precursor protein and presenilin 1 genes to investigate the effect of JWB1-84-1 and JAY2-22-33 on β-amyloid (Aβ) levels and found that both compounds significantly reduced Aβ levels. JWB1-84-1 and JAY2-22-33 also protected rat primary cortical neurons from Aβ toxicity. Subsequently, we utilized the nematode Caenorhabditis elegans (C. elegans) as an in vivo model organism to identify potential molecular targets of these compounds. In the C. elegans model of Aβ toxicity, human Aβ is expressed intracellularly in the body wall muscle. The expression and subsequent aggregation of Aβ in the muscle leads to progressive paralysis. Conclusion We found that JAY2-22-33 (but not JWB1-84-1) significantly reduced Aβ toxicity by delaying paralysis and this protective effect required both the insulin signaling pathway and nicotinic acetylcholine receptors (nAChRs).
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Affiliation(s)
- Roongpetch Keowkase
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Pharmacy, University of Maryland, Baltimore, MD, USA.
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