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Lu ZY, Fan J, Yu LH, Ma B, Cheng LM. The Up-regulation of TNF-α Maintains Trigeminal Neuralgia by Modulating MAPKs Phosphorylation and BKCa Channels in Trigeminal Nucleus Caudalis. Front Cell Neurosci 2021; 15:764141. [PMID: 34899191 PMCID: PMC8657151 DOI: 10.3389/fncel.2021.764141] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2021] [Accepted: 10/18/2021] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Trigeminal neuralgia (TN) is a severe chronic neuropathic pain. Despite numerous available medical interventions, the therapeutic effects are not ideal. To control the pain attacks, the need for more contemporary drugs continues to be a real challenge. Our previous study reported that Ca2+-activated K+ channels (BKCa) channels modulated by mitogen-activated protein kinases (MAPKs) in the trigeminal ganglia (TG) neurons play crucial roles in regulating TN, and some research studies demonstrated that inflammatory cytokine tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α) could promote neuropathic pain. Meanwhile, the trigeminal nucleus caudalis (TNC), the first central site of the trigeminal nociceptive pathway, is responsible for processing sensory and pain signals from the peripheral orofacial area. Thus, this study is aimed to further investigate whether TNF-α and MAPKs phosphorylation in the TNC could mediate the pathogenesis of TN by modulating BKCa channels. The results showed that TNF-α of the TNC region is upregulated significantly in the chronic constriction injury of infraorbital nerve (ION-CCI) rats model, which displayed persistent facial mechanical allodynia. The normal rats with target injection of exogenous TNF-α to the fourth brain ventricle behaved just like the ION-CCI model rats, the orofacial mechanical pain threshold decreased clearly. Meanwhile, the exogenous TNF-α increased the action potential frequency and reduced the BKCa currents of TNC neurons significantly, which could be reversed by U0126 and SB203580, the inhibitors of MAPK. In addition, U0126, SB203580, and another MAPK inhibitor SP600125 could relieve the facial mechanical allodynia by being injected into the fourth brain ventricle of ION-CCI model rats, respectively. Taken together, our work suggests that the upregulation of TNF-α in the TNC region would cause the increase of MAPKs phosphorylation and then the negative regulation of BKCa channels, resulting in the TN.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhan-Ying Lu
- Experimental Training Center of Basic Medical Science, Naval Medical University, Shanghai, China
| | - Juan Fan
- Experimental Training Center of Basic Medical Science, Naval Medical University, Shanghai, China
| | - Li-Hua Yu
- Experimental Training Center of Basic Medical Science, Naval Medical University, Shanghai, China
| | - Bei Ma
- Experimental Training Center of Basic Medical Science, Naval Medical University, Shanghai, China.,Key Laboratory of Spine and Spinal Cord Injury Repair and Regeneration of the Ministry of Education, Division of Spine Surgery, Department of Orthopedics, Tongji Hospital Affiliated to Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Li-Ming Cheng
- Key Laboratory of Spine and Spinal Cord Injury Repair and Regeneration of the Ministry of Education, Division of Spine Surgery, Department of Orthopedics, Tongji Hospital Affiliated to Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
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Xu Q, Sun L, Zhang W, Wu H, Jiao C, Xu L, Qian X, Yao H, Chen Q, Xu F, Fu F, Feng Y, Wang L, Chen X. A novel visceral pain model of uterine cervix inflammation in rat. Eur J Pharmacol 2021; 900:174080. [PMID: 33811839 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejphar.2021.174080] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2020] [Revised: 03/21/2021] [Accepted: 03/26/2021] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
Treatment of visceral pain originating from the uterine cervix is a substantial clinical problem. The underlying mechanisms of such visceral pain remain unclear mainly due to a lack of reliable model. This study aimed to develop and evaluate the performance of a rat model of pain induced by uterine cervix inflammation. Rats were randomized to six groups according to the solution injected into the uterine cervix: normal saline, vehicle, capsaicin (0.3 mg, 0.6 mg, 0.9 mg), capsaicin 0.9 mg + morphine (n = 15 in each group). Spontaneous behaviors after cervical injection were recorded by a computerized video system and analyzed offline. An equation for calculating a novel pain score was derived from particular behaviors, based on Pearson's correlation analysis and regression analysis. c-Fos expression in the spinal cord was detected. The pain score and c-fos expression in the spinal cord were highest in the 0.9 mg capsaicin group and lowest in the normal saline and vehicle groups (P < 0.05). Intrathecal morphine significantly decreased the pain score (P < 0.05) and c-fos expression in the spinal cord (P < 0.05). Injection of capsaicin into the uterine cervix in rats could be a practical model of inflammatory cervical pain, which can be evaluated using our novel pain score. This model will provide further insight into the mechanism underlying visceral pain originating from the uterine cervix.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qi Xu
- Department of Anesthesia, Women's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Lihong Sun
- Department of Anesthesia, Women's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Wenxin Zhang
- Department of Anesthesia, Women's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Hui Wu
- Department of Anesthesia, Women's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Cuicui Jiao
- Department of Anesthesia, Women's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Lili Xu
- Department of Anesthesia, Women's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Xiaowei Qian
- Department of Anesthesia, Women's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Huaqi Yao
- Department of Anesthesia, Maternity and Child Care Hospital, Huzhou, China
| | - Qing Chen
- Department of Anesthesia, Women's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Fang Xu
- Department of Anesthesia, Women's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Feng Fu
- Department of Anesthesia, Women's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Ying Feng
- Department of Anesthesia, Women's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Luyang Wang
- Department of Anesthesia, Women's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Xinzhong Chen
- Department of Anesthesia, Women's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China.
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Komatsu T, Katsuyama S, Takano F, Okamura T, Sakurada C, Tsuzuki M, Ogawa K, Kubota A, Morinaga O, Tabata K, Sakurada T. Possible involvement of the μ opioid receptor in the antinociception induced by sinomenine on formalin-induced nociceptive behavior in mice. Neurosci Lett 2019; 699:103-108. [DOI: 10.1016/j.neulet.2019.01.035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2018] [Revised: 01/03/2019] [Accepted: 01/21/2019] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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4
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Komatsu T, Katsuyama S, Uezono Y, Sakurada C, Tsuzuki M, Hamamura K, Bagetta G, Sakurada S, Sakurada T. Possible involvement of the peripheral Mu-opioid system in antinociception induced by bergamot essential oil to allodynia after peripheral nerve injury. Neurosci Lett 2018; 686:127-132. [PMID: 30201308 DOI: 10.1016/j.neulet.2018.08.053] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2018] [Revised: 08/20/2018] [Accepted: 08/31/2018] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
The essential oil of bergamot (BEO) is one of the most common essential oils and is most familiar to the general public. The aims of this study were to investigate the effect of intraplantar (i.pl.) BEO on neuropathic allodynia induced by partial sciatic nerve ligation (PSNL) in mice and the opioid receptor subtypes involved in the antiallodynic effects of BEO. Our findings showed that a single dose of i.pl. administration of BEO significantly inhibited the PSNL-induced neuropathic pain using the von Frey test. The i.pl pretreatment with naloxone methiodide, a peripherally acting μ-opioid receptor preferring antagonist, β-funaltrexamine hydrochloride (β-FNA), a selective μ-opioid receptor antagonist, and β-endorphin antiserum significantly reversed the antiallodynic effect of BEO in the von Frey test, but not by naltrindole, the nonselective δ-opioid receptor antagonist and nor-binaltorphimine, the selective κ-opioid receptor antagonist. Furthermore, in the western blotting analysis, i.pl. administration of BEO resulted in a significant blockage of spinal extracellular signal-regulated protein kinase (ERK) activation induced by PSNL. Naloxone methiodide and β-FNA significantly reversed the blockage of spinal ERK activation induced by BEO. These results suggest that i.pl. injection of BEO-induced antiallodynic effect and blockage of spinal ERK activation may be triggered by activation of peripheral μ-opioid receptors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Takaaki Komatsu
- Department of Drug analysis, Daiichi University of Pharmacy, 22-1 Tamagawa-cho, Minami-ku, Fukuoka 815-8511, Japan
| | - Soh Katsuyama
- Center for Experiential Pharmacy Practice, Tokyo University of Pharmacy and Life Science, 1432-1 Horinouchi, Hachioji, Tokyo 192-0392, Japan
| | - Yasuhito Uezono
- Division of Cancer Pathophysiology, National Cancer Center Research Institute, Chuo-ku, Tokyo, 104-0045, Japan
| | - Chikai Sakurada
- Department of Biochemistry, Nihon Pharmaceutical University, 10281 Komuro Ina-Machi Kitaadachi-gun, Saitama 362-0806, Japan
| | - Minoru Tsuzuki
- Department of Biochemistry, Nihon Pharmaceutical University, 10281 Komuro Ina-Machi Kitaadachi-gun, Saitama 362-0806, Japan
| | - Kengo Hamamura
- Department of Drug analysis, Daiichi University of Pharmacy, 22-1 Tamagawa-cho, Minami-ku, Fukuoka 815-8511, Japan
| | - Giacinto Bagetta
- Department of Pharmacy, Health Science and Nutrition, University of Calabria, 87036 Rende, Italy
| | - Shinobu Sakurada
- Department of Physiology and Anatomy, Tohoku Pharmaceutical University, 4-4-1 Komatsushima, Aoba-ku, Sendai 981-8558, Japan
| | - Tsukasa Sakurada
- Department of Drug analysis, Daiichi University of Pharmacy, 22-1 Tamagawa-cho, Minami-ku, Fukuoka 815-8511, Japan.
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Analgesic-Like Activity of Essential Oil Constituents: An Update. Int J Mol Sci 2017; 18:ijms18122392. [PMID: 29232831 PMCID: PMC5751100 DOI: 10.3390/ijms18122392] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2017] [Revised: 11/03/2017] [Accepted: 11/03/2017] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
The constituents of essential oils are widely found in foods and aromatic plants giving characteristic odor and flavor. However, pharmacological studies evidence its therapeutic potential for the treatment of several diseases and promising use as compounds with analgesic-like action. Considering that pain affects a significant part of the world population and the need for the development of new analgesics, this review reports on the current studies of essential oils’ chemical constituents with analgesic-like activity, including a description of their mechanisms of action and chemical aspects.
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Chung E, Yoon TG, Kim S, Kang M, Kim HJ, Son Y. Intravenous Administration of Substance P Attenuates Mechanical Allodynia Following Nerve Injury by Regulating Neuropathic Pain-Related Factors. Biomol Ther (Seoul) 2017; 25:259-265. [PMID: 27956715 PMCID: PMC5424635 DOI: 10.4062/biomolther.2016.137] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2016] [Revised: 08/19/2016] [Accepted: 10/13/2016] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
This study aimed to investigate the analgesic effect of substance P (SP) in an animal model of neuropathic pain. An experimental model of neuropathic pain, the chronic constriction injury (CCI) model, was established using ICR mice. An intravenous (i.v.) injection of SP (1 nmole/kg) was administered to the mice to examine the analgesic effects of systemic SP on neuropathic pain. Behavioral testing and immunostaining was performed following treatment of the CCI model with SP. SP attenuated mechanical allodynia in a time-dependent manner, beginning at 1 h following administration, peaking at 1 day post-injection, and decaying by 3 days post-injection. The second injection of SP also increased the threshold of mechanical allodynia, with the effects peaking on day 1 and decaying by day 3. A reduction in phospho-ERK and glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP) accompanied the attenuation of mechanical allodynia. We have shown for the first time that i.v. administration of substance P attenuated mechanical allodynia in the maintenance phase of neuropathic pain using von Frey’s test, and simultaneously reduced levels of phospho-ERK and GFAP, which are representative biochemical markers of neuropathic pain. Importantly, glial cells in the dorsal horn of the spinal cord (L4–L5) of SP-treated CCI mice, expressed the anti-inflammatory cytokine, IL-10, which was not seen in vehicle saline-treated mice. Thus, i.v. administration of substance P may be beneficial for improving the treatment of patients with neuropathic pain, since it decreases the activity of nociceptive factors and increases the expression of anti-nociceptive factors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eunkyung Chung
- BIO R&D Center, L&K BIOMED CO., LTD., Seoul 08512, Republic of Korea
| | - Tae Gyoon Yoon
- Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine, Konkuk University Medical Center, Research Institute of Medical Science, Konkuk University School of Medicine, Seoul 05030, Republic of Korea
| | - Sumin Kim
- Department of Genetic Engineering, College of Life Science and Graduate School of Biotechnology, Kyung Hee University, Yongin 17104, Republic of Korea
| | - Moonkyu Kang
- Department of Dental Anesthesiology and Dental Research Institute, School of Dentistry, Seoul National University, Seoul 03080, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyun Jeong Kim
- Department of Dental Anesthesiology and Dental Research Institute, School of Dentistry, Seoul National University, Seoul 03080, Republic of Korea
| | - Youngsook Son
- Department of Genetic Engineering, College of Life Science and Graduate School of Biotechnology, Kyung Hee University, Yongin 17104, Republic of Korea
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Ogedengbe JO, Adelaiye AB, Mohammed A, Ayo JO, Odili AN, Adeyemi OM, Akeju S, Peter P. Evaluation of physiologic pain in relation to pain substances in healthy subjects. PATHOPHYSIOLOGY 2015; 22:183-7. [DOI: 10.1016/j.pathophys.2015.08.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2015] [Revised: 08/11/2015] [Accepted: 08/13/2015] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
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Yeh CC, Sun HL, Huang CJ, Wong CS, Cherng CH, Huh BK, Wang JS, Chien CC. Long-Term Anti-Allodynic Effect of Immediate Pulsed Radiofrequency Modulation through Down-Regulation of Insulin-Like Growth Factor 2 in a Neuropathic Pain Model. Int J Mol Sci 2015; 16:27156-70. [PMID: 26580597 PMCID: PMC4661871 DOI: 10.3390/ijms161126013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2015] [Revised: 10/30/2015] [Accepted: 11/04/2015] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Pulsed radiofrequency (PRF) is effective in the treatment of neuropathic pain in clinical practice. Its application to sites proximal to nerve injury can inhibit the activity of extra-cellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK) for up to 28 days. The spared nerve injury (SNI)+ immPRF group (immediate exposure to PRF for 6 min after SNI) exhibited a greater anti-allodynic effect compared with the control group (SNI alone) or the SNI + postPRF group (application of PRF for 6 min on the 14th day after SNI). Insulin-like growth factor 2 (IGF2) was selected using microarray assays and according to web-based gene ontology annotations in the SNI + immPRF group. An increase in IGF2 and activation of ERK1/2 were attenuated by the immPRF treatment compared with an SNI control group. Using immunofluorescent staining, we detected co-localized phosphorylated ERK1/2 and IGF2 in the dorsal horn regions of rats from the SNI group, where the IGF2 protein predominantly arose in CD11b- or NeuN-positive cells, whereas IGF2 immunoreactivity was not detected in the SNI + immPRF group. Taken together, these results suggest that PRF treatment immediately after nerve injury significantly inhibited the development of neuropathic pain with a lasting effect, most likely through IGF2 down-regulation and the inhibition of ERK1/2 activity primarily in microglial cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chun-Chang Yeh
- Department of Chemistry, Fu-Jen Catholic University and Graduate Institute of Basic Medicine, Fu-Jen Catholic University, New Taipei City 24205, Taiwan.
- Department of Anesthesiology and Integrated Pain Management Center, Tri-Service General Hospital and National Defense Medical Center, Taipei 11490, Taiwan.
- School of Medicine, Fu Jen Catholic University, New Taipei City 24205, Taiwan.
| | - Hsiao-Lun Sun
- School of Medicine, Fu Jen Catholic University, New Taipei City 24205, Taiwan.
- Department of Anesthesiology, Sijhih Cathay General Hospital, New Taipei City 22174, Taiwan.
| | - Chi-Jung Huang
- Department of Medical Research, Cathay General Hospital, Taipei 10631, Taiwan.
- Department of Biochemistry, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei 11490, Taiwan.
| | - Chih-Shung Wong
- Department of Anesthesiology and Integrated Pain Management Center, Tri-Service General Hospital and National Defense Medical Center, Taipei 11490, Taiwan.
- Department of Anesthesiology, Cathay General Hospital, Taipei 10631, Taiwan.
| | - Chen-Hwan Cherng
- Department of Anesthesiology and Integrated Pain Management Center, Tri-Service General Hospital and National Defense Medical Center, Taipei 11490, Taiwan.
| | - Billy Keon Huh
- Department of Pain Medicine, University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA.
| | - Jinn-Shyan Wang
- School of Medicine, Fu Jen Catholic University, New Taipei City 24205, Taiwan.
| | - Chih-Cheng Chien
- School of Medicine, Fu Jen Catholic University, New Taipei City 24205, Taiwan.
- Department of Medical Research, Cathay General Hospital, Taipei 10631, Taiwan.
- Department of Anesthesiology, Cathay General Hospital, Taipei 10631, Taiwan.
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9
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Yeh CC, Wu ZF, Chen JC, Wong CS, Huang CJ, Wang JS, Chien CC. Association between extracellular signal-regulated kinase expression and the anti-allodynic effect in rats with spared nerve injury by applying immediate pulsed radiofrequency. BMC Anesthesiol 2015; 15:92. [PMID: 26077473 PMCID: PMC4467050 DOI: 10.1186/s12871-015-0071-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2014] [Accepted: 05/29/2015] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The application of pulsed radiofrequency (PRF) close to the dorsal root ganglia, or peripheral nerves, has been demonstrated to be effective for the treatment of chronic neuropathic pain conditions. The goal of this study was to investigate the analgesic effect of immediate PRF treatment after nerve injury and its possible cellular alterations in the dorsal horn of the spinal cord in rats with spared nerve injury (SNI). METHODS Neuropathic pain was achieved in a SNI neuropathic pain model by ligating and cutting the common peroneal and tibial branches of the left sciatic nerve, leaving the sural nerve intact. Wistar rats were divided into four groups that received different treatments, i.e., SNI and PRF for 6 min at 45 V (SNI + PRF-45 V), at 60 V (SNI + PRF-60 V), SNI alone, and sham groups. After the SNI surgery, each rat was immediately given the PRF treatment (500 kHz, rate of 2 Hz, 20 ms duration, temperature below 42 °C) on the left sciatic nerve 0.3-0.4 cm proximal to the injured site. The behavioral measurements included mechanical allodynia and cold allodynia of the ipsilateral hind paw and were performed during the 28 days that followed the SNI surgery and PRF treatment. Total extracellular signal-regulated kinase 1 and 2 (ERK1/2) and phospho-ERK1/2 were measured using Western blot in the ipsilateral spinal cord from animals in the different groups. RESULTS The three groups of rats with nerve injuries manifested a lower paw withdrawal threshold (PWT) in the behavioral measurement of mechanical allodynia and a shorter painful-behavior duration in the cold allodynia test over 28 days. Mechanical allodynia measurement showed that both the PRF-45 V and PRF-60 V treatment groups exhibited a more prominent antiallodynic effect than did the SNI group from days 1 to 28 after surgery. Similarly, in comparison with the SNI group, both the SNI + PRF-45 V and SNI + PRF-60 V groups had significant inhibition on the cold allodynia measurement from days 1 to 28 after surgery. Furthermore, the activation of the extracellular signal-regulated kinase 1 and 2 (ERK1/2) in the ipsilateral spinal dorsal horn of SNI rats was effectively inhibited in the SNI + PRF-45 V and SNI + PRF-60 V groups for 28 days after surgery. CONCLUSIONS Immediate PRF application on the proximal nerve injury site provided a significant inhibition of neuropathic pain formation, accompanied by the inhibition of ERK activation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chun-Chang Yeh
- School of Medicine, Fu Jen Catholic University, New Taipei, 24205, Taiwan.,Department of Anesthesiology & Integrated Pain Management Center, Tri-Service General Hospital and National Defense Medical Center, Taipei, Taiwan.,Department of Chemistry, Fu-Jen Catholic University and Graduate Institute of Basic Medicine, Fu-Jen Catholic University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Zhi-Fu Wu
- Department of Anesthesiology & Integrated Pain Management Center, Tri-Service General Hospital and National Defense Medical Center, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Jui-Chieh Chen
- Department of Biochemical Science and Technology, National Chiayi University, Chiayi, Taiwan
| | - Chih-Shung Wong
- Department of Anesthesiology & Integrated Pain Management Center, Tri-Service General Hospital and National Defense Medical Center, Taipei, Taiwan.,Department of Anesthesiology, Cathay General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Chi-Jung Huang
- School of Medicine, Fu Jen Catholic University, New Taipei, 24205, Taiwan.,Department of Medical Research, Cathay General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan.,Department of Biochemistry, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Jinn-Shyan Wang
- School of Medicine, Fu Jen Catholic University, New Taipei, 24205, Taiwan.
| | - Chih-Cheng Chien
- School of Medicine, Fu Jen Catholic University, New Taipei, 24205, Taiwan. .,Department of Anesthesiology, Sijhih Cathay General Hospital, New Taipei, Taiwan. .,Department of Anesthesiology, Cathay General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan.
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Walker CS, Sundrum T, Hay DL. PACAP receptor pharmacology and agonist bias: analysis in primary neurons and glia from the trigeminal ganglia and transfected cells. Br J Pharmacol 2014; 171:1521-33. [PMID: 24303997 DOI: 10.1111/bph.12541] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2013] [Revised: 11/25/2013] [Accepted: 11/29/2013] [Indexed: 01/13/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE A major challenge in the development of new medicines targeting GPCRs is the ability to quantify drug action in physiologically relevant models. Primary cell models that closely resemble the clinically relevant in vivo site of drug action are important translational tools in drug development. However, pharmacological studies in these models are generally very limited due to the methodology used. EXPERIMENTAL APPROACH We used a neuropeptide system to demonstrate the applicability of using highly sensitive signalling assays in primary cells. We quantified the action of pituitary adenylate cyclase-activating peptide (PACAP)-38, PACAP-27 and vasoactive intestinal polypeptide in primary cultures of neurons and glia derived from rat trigeminal ganglia (TG), comparing our observations to transfected cells. KEY RESULTS PACAP-responsive receptors in rat trigeminal neurons, glia and transfected PAC1n receptors were pharmacologically distinct. PACAP-38, but not PACAP-27, activated ERK in glia, while both forms stimulated cellular cAMP production. PACAP(6-38) also displayed cell-type-dependent, agonist-specific, antagonism. CONCLUSIONS AND IMPLICATIONS The complexity of PACAP pharmacology in the TG may help to direct, more effectively, the development of disease treatments targeting the PACAP receptor. We suggest that these methodologies are broadly applicable to other primary cell types of human or animal origin, and that our approach may allow more thorough characterization of ligand properties in physiologically relevant cell types.
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Affiliation(s)
- C S Walker
- School of Biological Sciences, University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand; Centre for Brain Research, University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand
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11
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Popiolek-Barczyk K, Makuch W, Rojewska E, Pilat D, Mika J. Inhibition of intracellular signaling pathways NF-κB and MEK1/2 attenuates neuropathic pain development and enhances morphine analgesia. Pharmacol Rep 2014; 66:845-51. [PMID: 25149989 DOI: 10.1016/j.pharep.2014.05.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2014] [Revised: 04/30/2014] [Accepted: 05/05/2014] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Neuropathic pain is clinically challenging because it is resistant to alleviation by morphine. The nuclear factor κB (NF-κB) and mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK)/extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK) pathways may be involved in the development of neuropathic pain. The aim of our study was to examine the influence of a chronic, intrathecal administration of parthenolide (PTL, inhibitor of NF-κB) and U0126 (inhibitor of MEK1/2) on nociception and morphine effectiveness in a rat model of neuropathy. METHODS The chronic constriction injury of the sciatic nerve in Wistar rats was performed. PTL and U0126 were injected chronic intrathecally and morphine was injected once at day 7. To evaluate allodynia and hyperalgesia, the von Frey and cold plate tests were used, respectively. The experiments were carried out according to IASP rules. Using qRT-PCR we analyzed mRNAs of μ-(mor), δ-(dor) and κ-(kor)-opioid receptors in the lumbar spinal cord after drugs administration. RESULTS The administration of PTL and U0126 decreased allodynia and hyperalgesia and significantly potentiated morphine effect. The mor, dor and kor mRNAs were down-regulated 7 days after injury in the ipsilateral spinal cord. The PTL and U0126 significantly up-regulated the mRNA levels of all opioid receptors. The levels of mor and dor mRNAs were much higher compared to those in naïve, but only the kor levels returned to control values. CONCLUSIONS These results indicate that the inhibition of the NF-κB pathway has better analgesic effects. Both inhibitors similarly potentiate morphine analgesia, which parallels the up-regulation of both mor and dor mRNAs expression spinal levels of the model of neuropathy.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Wioletta Makuch
- Department of Pain Pharmacology, Institute of Pharmacology, Polish Academy of Sciences, Kraków, Poland.
| | - Ewelina Rojewska
- Department of Pain Pharmacology, Institute of Pharmacology, Polish Academy of Sciences, Kraków, Poland.
| | - Dominika Pilat
- Department of Pain Pharmacology, Institute of Pharmacology, Polish Academy of Sciences, Kraków, Poland.
| | - Joanna Mika
- Department of Pain Pharmacology, Institute of Pharmacology, Polish Academy of Sciences, Kraków, Poland.
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12
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Liu CY, Lu ZY, Li N, Yu LH, Zhao YF, Ma B. The role of large-conductance, calcium-activated potassium channels in a rat model of trigeminal neuropathic pain. Cephalalgia 2014; 35:16-35. [PMID: 24820887 DOI: 10.1177/0333102414534083] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Trigeminal neuralgia is a disorder of paroxysmal and severely disabling facial pain and continues to be a real therapeutic challenge. At present there are few effective drugs. Here the aim of this study was to investigate the role of BKCa channels in trigeminal neuropathic pain. METHODS Rats were divided into two groups: a sham and a chronic constriction injury of infraorbital branch of trigeminal nerve (ION-CCI) group. Nociceptive behavior testing, immunohistochemistry, RT-PCR, Western blotting and whole-cell patch clamp recording were used. RESULTS Relative to the sham group, rats with ION-CCI consistently displayed lower mechanical pain thresholds in the vibrissal pad region from day 6 to 42 after ION-CCI operation. ION-CCI induced a significant down-regulation of BKCa channels both in mRNA and protein levels in the ipsilateral trigeminal ganglion (TG), a lower threshold intensity of action potential, and decreased total BKCa currents in cultured TG neurons. TG target injection of NS1619 (20-100 µg), an opener of BKCa channels, dose-dependently increased the mechanical pain threshold, which was blocked by the BKCa channel inhibitor iberiotoxin (IbTX, 20 µg). NS1619 (10 µM) significantly increased the mean threshold intensities of action potentials in ION-CCI rats, while failing to affect those in the sham rats. The levels of phosphorylated extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK), p38 and c-Jun N-terminal kinases (JNK) in TG were significantly increased after ION-CCI operation. The ERK1/2 antagonist U0126, p38 antagonist SB203580 and JNK antagonist SP600125 significantly reversed the facial mechanical allodynia in ION-CCI rats. However, the ERK1/2 antagonist U0126, p38 antagonist SB203580 but not JNK antagonist SP600125 significantly increased BKCa currents in ION-CCI TG neurons. CONCLUSIONS Our results indicate the important involvement of mainly ERK and p38 MAPK pathways in modulating BKCa channels in ION-CCI TG neurons. BKCa channels represent a new therapeutic target for the clinical treatment of trigeminal neuropathic pain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cai-Yue Liu
- Department of Physiology and Key Laboratory of Molecular Neurobiology, Ministry of Education, Second Military Medical University, PR China Department of Stomatology, Changzheng Hospital, Second Military Medical University, PR China
| | - Zhan-Ying Lu
- Department of Physiology and Key Laboratory of Molecular Neurobiology, Ministry of Education, Second Military Medical University, PR China
| | - Na Li
- Department of Physiology and Key Laboratory of Molecular Neurobiology, Ministry of Education, Second Military Medical University, PR China Department of Anesthesia, Changhai Hospital, Second Military Medical University, PR China
| | - Li-Hua Yu
- Department of Physiology and Key Laboratory of Molecular Neurobiology, Ministry of Education, Second Military Medical University, PR China
| | - Yun-Fu Zhao
- Department of Stomatology, Changzheng Hospital, Second Military Medical University, PR China
| | - Bei Ma
- Department of Physiology and Key Laboratory of Molecular Neurobiology, Ministry of Education, Second Military Medical University, PR China
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13
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Naono-Nakayama R, Ikeda T, Matsushima O, Sameshima H, Takamiya K, Funahashi H, Nishimori T. An amino-terminal fragment of hemokinin-1 has an inhibitory effect on pruritic processing in rats. Neuroscience 2014; 259:172-83. [DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroscience.2013.10.070] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2013] [Revised: 10/11/2013] [Accepted: 10/28/2013] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
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14
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Kuwahata H, Komatsu T, Katsuyama S, Corasaniti MT, Bagetta G, Sakurada S, Sakurada T, Takahama K. Peripherally injected linalool and bergamot essential oil attenuate mechanical allodynia via inhibiting spinal ERK phosphorylation. Pharmacol Biochem Behav 2013; 103:735-41. [DOI: 10.1016/j.pbb.2012.11.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2012] [Revised: 10/29/2012] [Accepted: 11/03/2012] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
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15
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Abstract
The extraction of capsaicin from chili pepper powder by microwave-assisted technique has been investigated in a microwave chemical synthesis instrument. Orthogonal test was conducted on the basis of single-factor experiment. The parameters used for the optimization were solid-liquid ratio, extraction time and extraction temperature. The capsaicin was quantified by UV/Vis spectrophotometric determination. The influence of three factors on the extraction yield of capsaicin from chilli by microwave method decreases in the order: temperature> solid-liquid ratio>time. The optimum extraction conditions are at 120°C and solid-liquid ratio of 25mg/mL for 90-min. Under this condition,the extraction yield of capsaicin is 3.85%.
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16
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Erin N, Türker S, Elpek O, Yıldırım B. Differential changes in Substance P, VIP as well as neprilysin levels in patients with gastritis or ulcer. Peptides 2012; 35:218-24. [PMID: 22484287 DOI: 10.1016/j.peptides.2012.03.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2012] [Revised: 03/19/2012] [Accepted: 03/19/2012] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
The protective effect of capsaicin-sensitive sensory nerve (CSSN) activation was recently demonstrated in human gastric mucosa. We here examined changes in neuropeptides, specifically Substance P (SP), calcitonin-gene related peptide (CGRP) and vasoactive intestinal peptide (VIP) in patients with chronic gastritis or ulcer. Furthermore changes in neprilysin levels, which hydrolyse these neuropeptides, were determined. Gastric biopsies were obtained from both lesion- and normal-appearing mucosa of 57 patients. The presence of H. pylori infection was verified with rapid urease assay. Neuronal and non-neuronal levels of SP, VIP, CGRP and neprilysin activity were determined in freshly frozen biopsies. Immunohistochemical localization of neprilysin was performed in 30 paraffin embedded specimens. We here found that neuronal SP levels decreased significantly in normally appearing mucosa of patients with gastritis while levels of non-neuronal SP increased in diseased areas of gastritis and ulcer. The presence of H. pylori led to further decreases of SP levels. The content of VIP in both disease-involved and uninvolved mucosa, and expression of neprilysin, markedly decreased in patients with gastritis or ulcer. Since VIP, as well as SP fragments, formed following hydrolysis with neprilysin is recognized to have gastroprotective effects, decreased levels of VIP, SP and neprilysin may predispose to cellular damage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nuray Erin
- Department of Pharmacology and SBAUM, Akdeniz University, School of Medicine, Antalya 07070, Turkey.
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17
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Mutolo D, Bongianni F, Cinelli E, Giovannini MG, Pantaleo T. Suppression of the cough reflex by inhibition of ERK1/2 activation in the caudal nucleus tractus solitarii of the rabbit. Am J Physiol Regul Integr Comp Physiol 2012; 302:R976-83. [DOI: 10.1152/ajpregu.00629.2011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
The caudal nucleus tractus solitarii (cNTS), the predominant site of termination of cough-related afferents, has been shown to be a site of action of some centrally acting antitussive agents. A role of ERK1/2 has been suggested in acute central processing of nociceptive inputs. Because pain and cough share similar features, we investigated whether ERK1/2 activation could also be involved in the central transduction of tussive inputs. For this purpose, we undertook the present research on pentobarbital sodium-anesthetized, spontaneously breathing rabbits by using microinjections (30–50 nl) of an inhibitor of ERK1/2 activation (U0126) into the cNTS. Bilateral microinjections of 25 mM U0126 caused rapid and reversible reductions in the cough responses induced by both mechanical and chemical (citric acid) stimulation of the tracheobronchial tree. In particular, the cough number and peak abdominal activity decreased. Bilateral microinjections of 50 mM U0126 completely suppressed the cough reflex without affecting the Breuer-Hering inflation reflex, the pulmonary chemoreflex, and the sneeze reflex. These U0126-induced effects were, to a large extent, reversible. Bilateral microinjections of 50 mM U0124, the inactive analog of U0126, at the same cNTS sites had no effect. This is the first study that provides evidence that ERK1/2 activation within the cNTS is required for the mediation of cough reflex responses in the anesthetized rabbit. These results suggest a role for ERK1/2 in the observed effects via nontranscriptional mechanisms, given the short time involved. They also may provide hints for the development of novel antitussive strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Maria Grazia Giovannini
- Dipartimento di Farmacologia Preclinica e Clinica, Università degli Studi di Firenze, Firenze, Italy
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