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Turnaturi R, Piana S, Spoto S, Costanzo G, Reina L, Pasquinucci L, Parenti C. From Plant to Chemistry: Sources of Antinociceptive Non-Opioid Active Principles for Medicinal Chemistry and Drug Design. Molecules 2024; 29:815. [PMID: 38398566 PMCID: PMC10892999 DOI: 10.3390/molecules29040815] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2024] [Revised: 02/06/2024] [Accepted: 02/07/2024] [Indexed: 02/25/2024] Open
Abstract
Pain is associated with many health problems and a reduced quality of life and has been a common reason for seeking medical attention. Several therapeutics are available on the market, although side effects, physical dependence, and abuse limit their use. As the process of pain transmission and modulation is regulated by different peripheral and central mechanisms and neurotransmitters, medicinal chemistry continues to study novel ligands and innovative approaches. Among them, natural products are known to be a rich source of lead compounds for drug discovery due to their chemical structural variety and different analgesic mechanisms. Numerous studies suggested that some chemicals from medicinal plants could be alternative options for pain relief and management. Previously, we conducted a literature search aimed at identifying natural products interacting either directly or indirectly with opioid receptors. In this review, instead, we have made an excursus including active ingredients derived from plants whose mechanism of action appears from the literature to be other than the modulation of the opioid system. These substances could, either by themselves or through synthetic and/or semi-synthetic derivatives, be investigated in order to improve their pharmacokinetic characteristics and could represent a valid alternative to the opioid approach to pain therapy. They could also be the basis for the study of new mechanisms of action in the approach to this complex and disabling pathology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rita Turnaturi
- Department of Drug and Health Sciences, Medicinal Chemistry Section, University of Catania, Viale A. Doria 6, 95125 Catania, Italy; (R.T.); (S.P.)
| | - Silvia Piana
- Department of Drug and Health Sciences, Medicinal Chemistry Section, University of Catania, Viale A. Doria 6, 95125 Catania, Italy; (R.T.); (S.P.)
| | - Salvatore Spoto
- Department of Drug and Health Sciences, Pharmacology and Toxicology Section, University of Catania, Viale A. Doria 6, 95125 Catania, Italy; (S.S.); (C.P.)
| | - Giuliana Costanzo
- Department of Biomedical and Biotechnological Sciences, University of Catania, Via Santa Sofia 97, 95123 Catania, Italy;
| | - Lorena Reina
- Postgraduate School of Clinical Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Catania, Via Santa Sofia 97, 95123 Catania, Italy;
| | - Lorella Pasquinucci
- Department of Drug and Health Sciences, Medicinal Chemistry Section, University of Catania, Viale A. Doria 6, 95125 Catania, Italy; (R.T.); (S.P.)
| | - Carmela Parenti
- Department of Drug and Health Sciences, Pharmacology and Toxicology Section, University of Catania, Viale A. Doria 6, 95125 Catania, Italy; (S.S.); (C.P.)
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Nasir A, Afridi OK, Ullah S, Khan H, Bai Q. Mitigation of sciatica injury-induced neuropathic pain through active metabolites derived from medicinal plants. Pharmacol Res 2024; 200:107076. [PMID: 38237646 DOI: 10.1016/j.phrs.2024.107076] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2023] [Revised: 01/12/2024] [Accepted: 01/12/2024] [Indexed: 01/23/2024]
Abstract
Sciatica characterized by irritation, inflammation, and compression of the lower back nerve, is considered one of the most common back ailments globally. Currently, the therapeutic regimens for sciatica are experiencing a paradigm shift from the conventional pharmacological approach toward exploring potent phytochemicals from medicinal plants. There is a dire need to identify novel phytochemicals with anti-neuropathic potential. This review aimed to identify the potent phytochemicals from diverse medicinal plants capable of alleviating neuropathic pain associated with sciatica. This review describes the pathophysiology of sciatic nerve pain, its cellular mechanisms, and the pharmacological potential of various plants and phytochemicals using animal-based models of sciatic nerve injury-induced pain. Extensive searches across databases such as Medline, PubMed, Web of Science, Scopus, ScienceDirect, and Google Scholar were conducted. The findings highlights 39 families including Lamiaceae, Asteraceae, Fabaceae, and Apocyanaceae and Cucurbitaceae, effectively treating sciatic nerve injury-induced pain. Flavonoids made up 53% constituents, phenols and terpenoids made up 15%, alkaloids made up 13%, and glycosides made up 6% to be used in neuorpathic pain. Phytochemicals derived from various medicinal plants can serve as potential therapeutic targets for both acute and chronic sciatic injury-induced neuropathic pain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abdul Nasir
- Department of Anesthesiology, Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China; Medical Research Center, Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | | | - Sami Ullah
- Department of Biochemistry, Abdul Wali Khan University, Mardan, Pakistan
| | - Haroon Khan
- Department of Pharmacy, Abdul Wali Khan University Mardan, Pakistan.
| | - Qian Bai
- Department of Anesthesiology, Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China; Medical Research Center, Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China.
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Basu P, Maier C, Averitt DL, Basu A. NLR family pyrin domain containing 3 (NLRP3) inflammasomes and peripheral neuropathic pain - Emphasis on microRNAs (miRNAs) as important regulators. Eur J Pharmacol 2023; 955:175901. [PMID: 37451423 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejphar.2023.175901] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2023] [Revised: 07/03/2023] [Accepted: 07/05/2023] [Indexed: 07/18/2023]
Abstract
Neuropathic pain is caused by the lesion or disease of the somatosensory system and can be initiated and/or maintained by both central and peripheral mechanisms. Nerve injury leads to neuronal damage and apoptosis associated with the release of an array of pathogen- or damage-associated molecular patterns to activate inflammasomes. The activation of the NLR family pyrin domain containing 3 (NLRP3) inflammasome contributes to neuropathic pain and may represent a novel target for pain therapeutic development. In the current review, we provide an up-to-date summary of the recent findings on the involvement of NLRP3 inflammasome in modulating neuropathic pain development and maintenance, focusing on peripheral neuropathic conditions. Here we provide a detailed review of the mechanisms whereby NLRP3 inflammasomes contribute to neuropathic pain via (1) neuroinflammation, (2) apoptosis, (3) pyroptosis, (4) proinflammatory cytokine release, (5) mitochondrial dysfunction, and (6) oxidative stress. We then present the current research literature reporting on the antinociceptive effects of several natural products and pharmacological interventions that target activation, expression, and/or regulation of NLRP3 inflammasome. Furthermore, we emphasize the effects of microRNAs as another regulator of NLRP3 inflammasome. In conclusion, we summarize the possible caveats and future perspectives that might provide successful therapeutic approaches against NLRP3 inflammasome for treating or preventing neuropathic pain conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paramita Basu
- Pittsburgh Center for Pain Research, The Pittsburgh Project to End Opioid Misuse, Department of Anesthesiology & Perioperative Medicine, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA, 15213, USA.
| | - Camelia Maier
- Division of Biology, School of the Sciences, Texas Woman's University, Denton, TX, 76204-5799, USA.
| | - Dayna L Averitt
- Division of Biology, School of the Sciences, Texas Woman's University, Denton, TX, 76204-5799, USA.
| | - Arpita Basu
- Department of Kinesiology and Nutrition Sciences, School of Integrated Health Sciences, University of Nevada, Las Vegas, NV, 89154, USA.
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Thongpat K, Holasut P, Ontawong A, Inchai J, Duangjai A, Rukachaisirikul V, Vaddhanaphuti CS, Tadpetch K. Synthesis and potential antidiabetic and lipid-lowering activities of putative asperidine B and its desmethyl analogue. Bioorg Med Chem Lett 2023; 93:129437. [PMID: 37549851 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmcl.2023.129437] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2023] [Revised: 07/29/2023] [Accepted: 08/04/2023] [Indexed: 08/09/2023]
Abstract
Putative asperidine B is an unnatural 2,6-disubstituted piperidin-3-ol and a structural isomer of (+)-preussin, a well-known pyrrolidin-3-ol alkaloid. This work reports the first enantioselective synthesis of putative asperidine B and its desmethyl analogue via a chiron approach starting from d-isoascorbic acid as well as evaluation of their free-radical scavenging, antidiabetic, and anti-hyperlipidemic activities. Both putative asperidine B and its desmethyl analogue markedly reduced the total reactive oxygen species (ROS) without cytotoxicity in hepatocellular carcinoma (HepG2) cells. The desmethyl analogue was a potent inducer for two antioxidant gene expression, glutathione peroxidase and superoxide dismutase, whereas putative asperidine B only induced superoxide dismutase. In addition, putative asperidine B exerted potent antidiabetic activity via α-glucosidase inhibition (IC50 = 0.143 ± 0.001 mg/mL) comparable to that of acarbose, an antidiabetic drug. Consistent with the parent asperidine B (preussin), both putative asperidine B and its desmethyl analogue inhibited cholesterol absorption in the intestinal Caco-2 cells. These novel and promising antioxidant, antidiabetic, and lipid-lowering effects of piperidin-3-ols could offer a starting point for this class of compounds for obesity and diabetic drug discovery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kittisak Thongpat
- Division of Physical Science and Center of Excellence for Innovation in Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Prince of Songkla University, Hat Yai, Songkhla 90110, Thailand
| | - Pannita Holasut
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50200, Thailand
| | - Atcharaporn Ontawong
- Division of Physiology, School of Medical Sciences, University of Phayao, Phayao 56000, Thailand
| | - Jakkapong Inchai
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50200, Thailand
| | - Acharaporn Duangjai
- Division of Physiology, School of Medical Sciences, University of Phayao, Phayao 56000, Thailand
| | - Vatcharin Rukachaisirikul
- Division of Physical Science and Center of Excellence for Innovation in Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Prince of Songkla University, Hat Yai, Songkhla 90110, Thailand
| | - Chutima S Vaddhanaphuti
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50200, Thailand
| | - Kwanruthai Tadpetch
- Division of Physical Science and Center of Excellence for Innovation in Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Prince of Songkla University, Hat Yai, Songkhla 90110, Thailand.
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Abbasi Z, Baluchnejadmojarad T, Roghani M, Susanabadi A, Farbin M, Mehrabi S. Acamprosate effect on neuropathic pain in rats: With emphasis on the role of ERK/MAPK pathway and SCN9A sodium channel. J Chem Neuroanat 2023; 131:102282. [PMID: 37142001 DOI: 10.1016/j.jchemneu.2023.102282] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2023] [Revised: 04/26/2023] [Accepted: 04/30/2023] [Indexed: 05/06/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Neuropathic pain is a chronic pain owing to nerve damage or diseases of the central nervous system (CNS). The expression of SCN9A, which encodes the Nav1.7 voltage-gated sodium channel and ERK have been found to change significantly in many cases of neuropathic pain. Here, we investigated effects of acamprosate on neuropathic pain, taking into account the crucial roles of SCN9A, the ERK signaling pathway, and inflammatory markers in a rat model of chronic constriction injury (CCI). METHODS Acamprosate (300 mg/kg) was injected intraperitoneally (i.p.) for 14 days. The tail-immersion, acetone, and formalin tests were used to determine behavioral tests such as heat allodynia, cold allodynia, and chemical hyperalgesia, respectively. Lumbar spinal cord was extracted and processed for Nissl staining. The amount of spinal SCN9A expression and ERK phosphorylation were examined using ELISA assay. RESULTS The expression of SCN9A, ERK, inflammatory cytokines (IL-6 and TNF-α), allodynia and hyperalgesia significantly increased on days 7 and 14 following CCI. The treatment not only reduced neuropathic pain but also blocked CCI's effects on SCN9A upregulation and ERK phosphorylation. CONCLUSION This research demonstrated that acamprosate reduces the neuropathic pain induced by CCI of the sciatic nerve in rats by preventing cell loss, inhibiting spinal SCN9A expression, ERK phosphorylation, and inflammatory cytokines, suggesting potential therapeutic implications of acamprosate administration for the treatment of neuropathic pain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zeinab Abbasi
- Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Tourandokht Baluchnejadmojarad
- Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran; Department of Neuroscience, Faculty of Advanced Technologies in Medicine, Iran University of Medical Science, Tehran, Iran; Cellular and Molecular Research Center, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mehrdad Roghani
- Neurophysiology Research Center, Shahed University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Alireza Susanabadi
- Department of Anesthesia and pain medicine, Arak University of Medical Sciences, Arak, Iran
| | - Mitra Farbin
- Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Soraya Mehrabi
- Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran; Department of Neuroscience, Faculty of Advanced Technologies in Medicine, Iran University of Medical Science, Tehran, Iran; Cellular and Molecular Research Center, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
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Gravandi MM, Abdian S, Tahvilian M, Iranpanah A, Moradi SZ, Fakhri S, Echeverría J. Therapeutic targeting of Ras/Raf/MAPK pathway by natural products: A systematic and mechanistic approach for neurodegeneration. PHYTOMEDICINE : INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PHYTOTHERAPY AND PHYTOPHARMACOLOGY 2023; 115:154821. [PMID: 37119761 DOI: 10.1016/j.phymed.2023.154821] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/26/2022] [Revised: 04/03/2023] [Accepted: 04/11/2023] [Indexed: 05/21/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Multiple dysregulated pathways are behind the pathogenesis of neurodegenerative diseases (NDDs); however, the crucial targets are still unknown. Oxidative stress, apoptosis, autophagy, and inflammation are the most dominant pathways that strongly influence neurodegeneration. In this way, targeting the Ras/Raf/mitogen-activated protein kinases (MAPKs) pathway appears to be a developing strategy for combating NDDs like Parkinson's disease, Alzheimer's disease, stroke, aging, and other NDDs. Accordingly, plant secondary metabolites have shown promising potentials for the simultaneous modulation of the Ras/Raf/MAPKs pathway and play an essential role in NDDs. MAPKs include p38 MAPK, extracellular signal-regulated kinase 1/2 (ERK 1/2), and c-Jun N-terminal kinase (JNK), which are important molecular players in neurodegeneration. Ras/Raf, which is located the upstream of MAPK pathway influences the initiation and progression of neurodegeneration and is regulated by natural products. PURPOSE Thus, the present study aimed to investigate the neuroprotective roles of plant- and marine-derived secondary metabolites against several NDDs through the modulation of the Ras/Raf/MAPK signaling pathway. STUDY DESIGN AND METHODS A systematic and comprehensive review was performed to highlight the modulatory roles of natural products on the Ras/Raf/MAPK signaling pathway in NDDs, according to the PRISMA guideline, using scholarly electronic databases, including PubMed, Scopus, and Web of Sciences. Associated reference lists were also searched for the literature review. RESULTS From a total of 1495 results, finally 107 articles were included in the present study. The results show that several natural compounds such as alkaloid, phenolic, terpenoids, and nanoformulation were shown to have modulatory effects on the Ras/Raf/MAPKs pathway. CONCLUSION Natural products are promising multi-targeted agents with on NDDs through Ras/Raf/MAPKs pathway. Nevertheless, additional and complementary studies are necessary to check its efficacy and potential side effects.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Sadaf Abdian
- Student Research Committee, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran
| | - Maedeh Tahvilian
- Student Research Committee, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran
| | - Amin Iranpanah
- Pharmaceutical Sciences Research Center, Health Institute, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran
| | - Seyed Zachariah Moradi
- Pharmaceutical Sciences Research Center, Health Institute, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran; Medical Biology Research Center, Health Technology Institute, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah 6734667149, Iran
| | - Sajad Fakhri
- Pharmaceutical Sciences Research Center, Health Institute, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran.
| | - Javier Echeverría
- Departamento de Ciencias del Ambiente, Facultad de Química y Biología, Universidad de Santiago de Chile, Santiago 9170022, Chile.
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Asif A, Ishtiaq S, Kamran SH, Waseem R, Fatima SF, Rehman S. UHPLC-MS and GC-MS phytochemical profiling, amelioration of pain and inflammation with chloroform extract of Funaria hygrometrica Hedw. via modulation of inflammatory biomarkers. Inflammopharmacology 2023:10.1007/s10787-023-01207-y. [PMID: 37010719 DOI: 10.1007/s10787-023-01207-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2023] [Accepted: 03/21/2023] [Indexed: 04/04/2023]
Abstract
People of Pakistan have undisturbed customs for the employment of medicinal plants for healthcare requisites. Chloroform extract of F. hygrometrica (CE FH) was examined for its ability to reduce inflammation and to produce analgesia. Carrageenan and formalin-induced paw edema model for inflammatory activity, hot-plate and tail-flick methods to assess analgesic activity were executed. Phytochemical analysis was done by UHPLC-MS and GC-mass spectrometer. The results demonstrated that in carrageenan-induced paw edema, maximum reduction in inflammation was observed at 5th hour at the dose 100 mg/kg; while at doses 250 and 500 mg/kg, maximum response was observed at 5th and 6th hours. Analgesic activity results indicated that maximum analgesia was observed up to 120 min at 100 mg/kg, while up to 90 min in case of 250 and 500 mg/kg doses. The formalin-induced rat paw edema showed significant (p < 0.05) anti-inflammatory activity after 5 days treatment. After, testing period of 10 days, the biochemical parameters such as CBC, CRP, serum enzymes like CAT, SOD, GSH and inflammatory mediators like TNF-α, IL-6, IL-4 and IL-10 were estimated. The administration of formalin resulted in an increase in the level of leucocytes, total WBC, CRP, serum enzymes and in the diameters of paw thickness, while pre-treatment with CE FH at dose levels of 100, 250 and 500 mg/kg exhibited a diminution in the levels of SOD, GSH, CAT, total RBC and HB. Acute inflammatory mediators such as TNFα, IL -6 and IL-4 were reduced, and IL-10 was upregulated in the treated group as compared to the control. Many phytoconstituents, i.e., chitobiose, chlorovulone III, γ-tocotrienol, emmotin, cassine, hexacosanedioic acid, neophytadiene, fumaric acid, neophytadiene, hexadecanoic acid, phytol and stigmasterol were detected during UHPLC-MS and GC-MS analysis seems to be responsible for the said activity in correlation with the already reported data about these compounds. The results concluded that CE FH possess noteworthy anti-inflammatory and central analgesic action at different doses (100, 250 and 500 mg/kg).
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Affiliation(s)
- Ayesha Asif
- Punjab University College of Pharmacy, University of the Punjab, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Saiqa Ishtiaq
- Punjab University College of Pharmacy, University of the Punjab, Lahore, Pakistan.
| | - Sairah Hafeez Kamran
- Institute of Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmaceutical and Allied Health Sciences, Lahore College for Women University, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Raazia Waseem
- Institute of Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmaceutical and Allied Health Sciences, Lahore College for Women University, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Syeda Farheen Fatima
- Punjab University College of Pharmacy, University of the Punjab, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Saira Rehman
- Punjab University College of Pharmacy, University of the Punjab, Lahore, Pakistan
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Chemical Profiles and In Vitro Cholinesterase Inhibitory Activities of the Flower Extracts of Cassia spectabilis. Adv Pharmacol Pharm Sci 2023; 2023:6066601. [PMID: 36895696 PMCID: PMC9991480 DOI: 10.1155/2023/6066601] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2022] [Revised: 02/07/2023] [Accepted: 02/17/2023] [Indexed: 03/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Cassia spectabilis is a flowering plant containing various metabolites that provide potential for pharmacological activities. The current study aimed to investigate the ethanolic and water extracts of C. spectabilis as cholinesterase inhibitor as one of the target treatments for Alzheimer's disease. The chemical composition of the extracts was also studied to determine which components are responsible for the bioactivity. Methods The cholinesterase inhibitory activity assay was carried out by the modified Ellman's method against acetylcholinesterase (AChE) and butyrylcholinesterase (BChE). LC-MS/MS analysis was carried out to investigate the chemical profiles of the extracts, followed by a molecular networking study by GNPS. Results Both extracts showed inhibition against AChE and BChE in a dose-dependent manner, with the higher potency exhibited by the ethanolic extract with IC50 values of 7.88 and 3.78 μg/mL. The chemical analysis and molecular networking study of the flower extracts revealed similarity between the ethanolic and water extracts. Piperidine alkaloids were identified in both extracts, while the sphingolipid compounds were found in the ethanolic extract. Conclusion The water and ethanolic extracts of C. spectabilis flowers displayed potency for Alzheimer's disease treatment. The presence of piperidine alkaloids in the extract may be responsible for the cholinesterase inhibitory activity. The higher potency of the ethanolic extract compared to the water extract is possibly due to the higher amount of piperidine alkaloids in the ethanolic extract. Further study is needed to quantify the concentration of alkaloids in the extracts.
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Merritt CR, Cisneros IE, Covarrubias-Zambrano O, Stutz SJ, Motamedi M, Bossmann SH, Cunningham KA. Liquid Biopsy-Based Biomarkers of Inflammatory Nociception Identified in Male Rats. Front Pharmacol 2022; 13:893828. [PMID: 35833018 PMCID: PMC9271856 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2022.893828] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2022] [Accepted: 05/18/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Physicians are challenged in treating pain patients due to the lack of quantifiable, objective methods of measuring pain in the clinic; pain sensation is multifaceted and subjective to each individual. There is a critical need for point-of-care quantification of accessible biomarkers to provide objective analyses beyond the subjective pain scales currently employed in clinical care settings. In the present study, we employed an animal model to test the hypothesis that circulating regulators of the inflammatory response directly associate with an objective behavioral response to inflammatory pain. Upon induction of localized paw inflammation, we measured the systemic protein expression of cytokines, and activity levels of matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) that are known to participate in the inflammatory response at the site of injury and investigated their relationship to the behavioral response across a 24 h period. Intraplantar injection with 1% λ-carrageenan induced a significant increase in paw thickness across this timespan with maximal effects observed at the 8 h timepoint when locomotor activity was also impaired. Expression of the chemokines C-X-C motif chemokine ligand 1 (CXCL1) and C-C motif chemokine ligand 2 (CCL2) positively correlated with paw inflammation and negatively correlated with locomotor activity at 8 h. The ratio of MMP9 to MMP2 activity negatively correlated with paw inflammation at the 8 h timepoint. We postulate that the CXCL1 and CCL2 as well as the ratio of MMP9 to MMP2 activity may serve as predictive biomarkers for the timecourse of inflammation-associated locomotor impairment. These data define opportunities for the future development of a point-of-care device to objectively quantify biomarkers for inflammatory pain states.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christina R. Merritt
- Center for Addiction Research, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX, United States
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX, United States
| | - Irma E. Cisneros
- Center for Addiction Research, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX, United States
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX, United States
- Department of Pathology, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX, United States
| | - Obdulia Covarrubias-Zambrano
- Department of Chemistry, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS, United States
- Department of Cancer Biology, The University of Kansas Cancer Center, Kansas City, MO, United States
| | - Sonja J. Stutz
- Center for Addiction Research, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX, United States
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX, United States
| | - Massoud Motamedi
- Center for Addiction Research, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX, United States
- Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX, United States
| | - Stefan H. Bossmann
- Department of Chemistry, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS, United States
- Department of Cancer Biology, The University of Kansas Cancer Center, Kansas City, MO, United States
| | - Kathryn A. Cunningham
- Center for Addiction Research, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX, United States
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX, United States
- *Correspondence: Kathryn A. Cunningham,
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A Review of Recent Studies on the Antioxidant and Anti-Infectious Properties of Senna Plants. OXIDATIVE MEDICINE AND CELLULAR LONGEVITY 2022; 2022:6025900. [PMID: 35154569 PMCID: PMC8837466 DOI: 10.1155/2022/6025900] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/15/2021] [Revised: 12/04/2021] [Accepted: 01/07/2022] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
The use of phytochemicals is gaining interest for the treatment of metabolic syndromes over the synthetic formulation of drugs. Senna is evolving as one of the important plants which have been vastly studied for its beneficial effects. Various parts of Senna species including the root, stem, leaves, and flower are found rich in numerous phytochemicals. In vitro, in vivo, and clinical experiments established that extracts from Senna plants have diverse beneficial effects by acting as a strong antioxidant and antimicrobial agent. In this review, Senna genus is comprehensively discussed in terms of its botanical characteristics, traditional use, geographic presence, and phytochemical profile. The bioactive compound richness contributes to the biological activity of Senna plant extracts. The review emphasizes on the in vivo and in vitro antioxidant and anti-infectious properties of the Senna plant. Preclinical studies confirmed the beneficial effects of the Senna plant extracts and its bioactive components in regard to the health-promoting activities. The safety, side effects, and therapeutic limitations of the Senna plant are also discussed in this review. Additional research is necessary to utilize the phenolic compounds towards its use as an alternative to pharmacological treatments and even as an ingredient in functional foods.
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Ambati GG, Jachak SM. Natural Product Inhibitors of Cyclooxygenase (COX) Enzyme: A Review on Current Status and Future Perspectives. Curr Med Chem 2021; 28:1877-1905. [PMID: 32484764 DOI: 10.2174/0929867327666200602131100] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2019] [Revised: 04/28/2020] [Accepted: 05/06/2020] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Several clinically used COX-1 and COX-2 inhibitor drugs were reported to possess severe side effects like GI ulcers and cardiovascular disturbances, respectively. Natural products being structurally diverse always attracted the attention of chemists/ medicinal chemists as a potential source of lead molecules in the drug discovery process. COX-2 inhibitory natural products also possess potential cancer chemopreventive property against various cancers including that of colon, breast and prostate. METHODS Various in vitro, in vivo and in silico standardized methods were used to evaluate COX inhibition property of different secondary metabolites isolated from plant, microbial and marine origin. RESULTS We had earlier reported a detailed account of natural product inhibitors of COX reported during 1995-2005, in 2006. In the proposed review, we report 158 natural product inhibitors of COX during 2006 to 2019 belonging to various secondary metabolite classes such as alkaloids, terpenoids, polyphenols as flavonoids, chromones, coumarins, lignans, anthraquinones, naphthalenes, curcuminoids, diarylheptanoids and miscellaneous compounds of plant and marine origin. Further Structure Activity Relationship (SAR) studies of possible leads are also included in the article. CONCLUSION COX inhibitors served as a potential source of lead molecules for the discovery and development of anti-inflammatory drugs. Compilation of natural product and semisynthetic inhibitors of COX may serve as valuable information to the researchers who are looking for possible lead molecules from a natural source to conduct further preclinical and clinical studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Goutami G Ambati
- Department of Natural Products, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER), Sector-67, SAS Nagar 160062, Mohali, India
| | - Sanjay M Jachak
- Department of Natural Products, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER), Sector-67, SAS Nagar 160062, Mohali, India
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Discovery of natural anti-inflammatory alkaloids: Potential leads for the drug discovery for the treatment of inflammation. Eur J Med Chem 2021; 213:113165. [PMID: 33454546 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2021.113165] [Citation(s) in RCA: 58] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2020] [Revised: 01/04/2021] [Accepted: 01/05/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Inflammation is an adaptive response of the immune system to tissue malfunction or homeostatic imbalance. Corticosteroids and non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) are frequently applied to treat varieties of inflammatory diseases but are associated with gastrointestinal, cardiovascular, and kidney side effects. Developing more effective and less toxic agents remain a challenge for pharmaceutical chemist due to the complexity of the different inflammatory processes. Alkaloids are widely distributed in plants with diverse anti-inflammatory activities, providing various potential lead compounds or candidates for the design and discovery of new anti-inflammatory drug candidates. Therefore, re-examining the anti-inflammatory alkaloid natural products is advisable, bringing more opportunities. In this review, we summarized and described the recent advances of natural alkaloids with anti-inflammatory activities and possible mechanisms in the period from 2009 to 2020. It is hoped that this review of anti-inflammatory alkaloids can provide new ideas for researchers engaged in the related fields and potential lead compounds for the discovery of anti-inflammatory drugs.
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13
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Modulation of TRPV1 channel function by natural products in the treatment of pain. Chem Biol Interact 2020; 330:109178. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cbi.2020.109178] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2020] [Revised: 05/22/2020] [Accepted: 06/09/2020] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
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Basu P, Basu A. In Vitro and In Vivo Effects of Flavonoids on Peripheral Neuropathic Pain. Molecules 2020; 25:molecules25051171. [PMID: 32150953 PMCID: PMC7179245 DOI: 10.3390/molecules25051171] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2020] [Accepted: 03/02/2020] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Neuropathic pain is a common symptom and is associated with an impaired quality of life. It is caused by the lesion or disease of the somatosensory system. Neuropathic pain syndromes can be subdivided into two categories: central and peripheral neuropathic pain. The present review highlights the peripheral neuropathic models, including spared nerve injury, spinal nerve ligation, partial sciatic nerve injury, diabetes-induced neuropathy, chemotherapy-induced neuropathy, chronic constriction injury, and related conditions. The drugs which are currently used to attenuate peripheral neuropathy, such as antidepressants, anticonvulsants, baclofen, and clonidine, are associated with adverse side effects. These negative side effects necessitate the investigation of alternative therapeutics for treating neuropathic pain conditions. Flavonoids have been reported to alleviate neuropathic pain in murine models. The present review elucidates that several flavonoids attenuate different peripheral neuropathic pain conditions at behavioral, electrophysiological, biochemical and molecular biological levels in different murine models. Therefore, the flavonoids hold future promise and can be effectively used in treating or mitigating peripheral neuropathic conditions. Thus, future studies should focus on the structure-activity relationships among different categories of flavonoids and develop therapeutic products that enhance their antineuropathic effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paramita Basu
- Department of Anesthesiology, Pittsburgh Center for Pain Research, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA;
| | - Arpita Basu
- Department of Kinesiology and Nutrition Sciences, School of Integrated Health Sciences, University of Nevada, Las Vegas, NV 89154, USA
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +702-895-4576; Fax: +702-895-1500
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Singh H, Kaur J, Arora R, Mannan R, Buttar HS, Arora S, Singh B. Ameliorative potential of Argyreia speciosa against CCI-induced neuropathic pain in rats: Biochemical and histopathological studies. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2020; 249:112399. [PMID: 31733307 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2019.112399] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2018] [Revised: 07/30/2019] [Accepted: 11/12/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Hasandeep Singh
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guru Nanak Dev University, Amritsar, 143005, India
| | - Jaspreet Kaur
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guru Nanak Dev University, Amritsar, 143005, India
| | - Rohit Arora
- Sri Guru Ram Das Institute of Medical Sciences and Research, Amritsar, 143005, India
| | - Rahul Mannan
- Sri Guru Ram Das Institute of Medical Sciences and Research, Amritsar, 143005, India
| | - Harpal Singh Buttar
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Ottawa, Faculty of Medicine, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
| | - Saroj Arora
- Department of Botanical and Environmental Sciences, Guru Nanak Dev University, Amritsar, 143005, India
| | - Balbir Singh
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guru Nanak Dev University, Amritsar, 143005, India.
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Su Y, Xiong S, Lan H, Xu L, Wei X. Molecular mechanism underlying anti-inflammatory activities of lirioresinol B dimethyl ether through suppression of NF-κB and MAPK signaling in in vitro and in vivo models. Int Immunopharmacol 2019; 73:321-332. [PMID: 31129419 DOI: 10.1016/j.intimp.2019.05.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2019] [Revised: 04/15/2019] [Accepted: 05/10/2019] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Abstract
The aim of the present study is to explore the anti-inflammatory mechanism of lirioresinol B dimethyl ether via inhibition of multiple signaling pathways in both in vitro and in vivo pharmacological models. To determine the anti-inflammatory activity of the lirioresinol B dimethyl ether, RAW 264.7 macrophages challenged with lipopolysaccharide (LPS) were treated with various concentrations of lirioresinol B dimethyl ether (5, 15, 25, and 50 μM). The results indicated that pretreatment with lirioresinol B dimethyl ether significantly suppressed nuclear factor kappa B (NF-κB) activation, nitric oxide (NO) production, the protein expressions of inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) and cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2). Lirioresinol B dimethyl ether inhibited LPS-induced activation of production of pro-inflammatory cytokines as well as prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) release. The results obtained by electrophoretic mobility shift assay (EMSA) demonstrated a concentration dependent reduction of the LPS-stimulated activation of NF-κB and activator protein-1 (AP-1) by lirioresinol B dimethyl ether in in vitro and in vivo models. Moreover, lirioresinol B dimethyl ether also reduced the expression of toll-like receptor (TLR)-4 protein and myeloid differentiation primary response gene 88 (MyD88) as well as promoted the degradation of IκBα. Lirioresinol B dimethyl ether also significantly down-regulated the phosphorylation of Jun N-terminal kinase (JNK), p-38 and extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK). Furthermore, the results of acute and chronic inflammation demonstrated that lirioresinol B dimethyl ether (10 and 50 mg per kg) reduced paw edema and mechanical hyperalgesia in carrageenan- and Complete Freund's Adjuvant (CFA)-induced in vivo mouse models, respectively. Hence, the current results indicate that lirioresinol B dimethyl ether either act by inhibiting pro-inflammatory mediators through down-regulation of mitogen activated protein kinases (MAPKs) signaling pathways and reduction of NF-κB activation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yunshu Su
- Department of Cardiothorasic and Vascular Surgery, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, PR China.
| | - Sizheng Xiong
- Department of Cardiothorasic and Vascular Surgery, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, PR China
| | - Hongwen Lan
- Department of Cardiothorasic and Vascular Surgery, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, PR China
| | - Lijun Xu
- Department of Cardiothorasic and Vascular Surgery, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, PR China.
| | - Xiang Wei
- Department of Cardiothorasic and Vascular Surgery, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, PR China.
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Antinociceptive Activities of the Methanolic Extract of the Stem Bark of Boswellia dalzielii Hutch. (Burseraceae) in Rats Are NO/cGMP/ATP-Sensitive-K + Channel Activation Dependent. EVIDENCE-BASED COMPLEMENTARY AND ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE 2017; 2017:6374907. [PMID: 29362589 PMCID: PMC5736925 DOI: 10.1155/2017/6374907] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/14/2017] [Revised: 10/31/2017] [Accepted: 11/13/2017] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Abstract
Boswellia dalzielii (B. dalzielii) is traditionally used in the treatment of rheumatism, pain, and inflammation. The present investigation evaluates the property and possible mechanism of action of the methanolic extract of B. dalzielii (BDME) on inflammatory and neuropathic pain models. Effects of BDME (250 and 500 mg/kg), orally administered, were verified in mechanical hypernociception induced by LPS or PGE2. Mechanical hyperalgesia, cold allodynia, and heat hyperalgesia were used in vincristine-induced neuropathic pain. NW-nitro-L-arginine methyl ester (inhibitor of nitric oxide synthase), glibenclamide (ATP-sensitive potassium channel blocker), methylene blue (cGMP blocker), or naloxone (opioid antagonist receptor) has been used to evaluate the therapeutic effects of BDME on PGE2-induced hyperalgesia. Chemical profile of BDME was determined by using HPLC-XESI-PDA/MS. BDME showed significant antinociceptive effects in inflammatory pain caused by LPS and PGE2. The extract also significantly inhibited neuropathic pain induced by vincristine. The antinociceptive property of BDME in PGE2 model was significantly blocked by L-NAME, glibenclamide, methylene blue, or naloxone. The present work reveals the antinociceptive activities of BDME both in inflammatory and in neuropathic models of pain. This plant extract may be acting firstly by binding to opioid receptors and secondly by activating the NO/cGMP/ATP-sensitive-K+ channel pathway.
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Lim KT, Amanah A, Chear NJY, Zahari Z, Zainuddin Z, Adenan MI. Inhibitory effects of (+)-spectaline and iso-6-spectaline from Senna spectabilis on the growth and ultrastructure of human-infective species Trypanosoma brucei rhodesiense bloodstream form. Exp Parasitol 2017; 184:57-66. [PMID: 29175017 DOI: 10.1016/j.exppara.2017.11.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2017] [Revised: 09/17/2017] [Accepted: 11/19/2017] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
Abstract
In our ongoing work searching for new trypanocidal lead compounds from Malaysian plants, two known piperidine alkaloids (+)-spectaline (1) and iso-6-spectaline (2) were isolated from the leaves of Senna spectabilis (sin. Cassia spectabilis). Analysis of the 1H and 13C NMR spectra showed that 1 and 2 presented analytical and spectroscopic data in full agreement with those published in the literature. All compounds were screened in vitro against Trypanosoma brucei rhodesiense in comparison to the standard drug pentamidine. Compound 1 and 2 inhibited growth of T. b. rhodesiense with an IC50 value of 0.41 ± 0.01 μM and 0.71 ± 0.01 μM, without toxic effect on L6 cells with associated a selectivity index of 134.92 and 123.74, respectively. These data show that piperidine alkaloids constitute a class of natural products that feature a broad spectrum of biological activities, and are potential templates for the development of new trypanocidal drugs. To our knowledge, the compounds are being reported for the first time to have inhibitory effects on T. b. rhodesiense. The ultrastructural alterations in the trypanosome induced by 1 and 2, leading to programmed cell death were characterized using electron microscopy. These alterations include wrinkling of the trypanosome surface, formation of autophagic vacuoles, disorganization of kinetoplast, and swelling of the mitochondria. These findings evidence a possible autophagic cell death.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kah Tee Lim
- Malaysian Institute of Pharmaceuticals and Nutraceuticals (IPharm), National Institutes of Biotechnology Malaysia, Ministry of Science, Technology and Innovation, Blok 5-A, Halaman Bukit Gambir, 11700 Penang, Malaysia
| | - Azimah Amanah
- Malaysian Institute of Pharmaceuticals and Nutraceuticals (IPharm), National Institutes of Biotechnology Malaysia, Ministry of Science, Technology and Innovation, Blok 5-A, Halaman Bukit Gambir, 11700 Penang, Malaysia
| | | | - Zuriati Zahari
- Malaysian Institute of Pharmaceuticals and Nutraceuticals (IPharm), National Institutes of Biotechnology Malaysia, Ministry of Science, Technology and Innovation, Blok 5-A, Halaman Bukit Gambir, 11700 Penang, Malaysia
| | - Zafarina Zainuddin
- Malaysian Institute of Pharmaceuticals and Nutraceuticals (IPharm), National Institutes of Biotechnology Malaysia, Ministry of Science, Technology and Innovation, Blok 5-A, Halaman Bukit Gambir, 11700 Penang, Malaysia; Analytical Biochemistry Research Centre (ABrC), Universiti Sains Malaysia, 11800 Penang, Malaysia
| | - Mohd Ilham Adenan
- Malaysian Institute of Pharmaceuticals and Nutraceuticals (IPharm), National Institutes of Biotechnology Malaysia, Ministry of Science, Technology and Innovation, Blok 5-A, Halaman Bukit Gambir, 11700 Penang, Malaysia; Faculty of Applied Sciences, Universiti Teknologi MARA, 40450 Shah Alam, Selangor Darul Ehsan, Malaysia.
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19
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Singh H, Bhushan S, Arora R, Singh Buttar H, Arora S, Singh B. Alternative treatment strategies for neuropathic pain: Role of Indian medicinal plants and compounds of plant origin-A review. Biomed Pharmacother 2017; 92:634-650. [DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2017.05.079] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2017] [Revised: 05/16/2017] [Accepted: 05/17/2017] [Indexed: 01/28/2023] Open
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20
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A-Kinase Anchoring Protein 79/150 Scaffolds Transient Receptor Potential A 1 Phosphorylation and Sensitization by Metabotropic Glutamate Receptor Activation. Sci Rep 2017; 7:1842. [PMID: 28500286 PMCID: PMC5431798 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-017-01999-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2016] [Accepted: 04/05/2017] [Indexed: 01/20/2023] Open
Abstract
Mechanical pain serves as a base clinical symptom for many of the world’s most debilitating syndromes. Ion channels expressed by peripheral sensory neurons largely contribute to mechanical hypersensitivity. Transient Receptor Potential A 1 (TRPA1) is a ligand-gated ion channel that contributes to inflammatory mechanical hypersensitivity, yet little is known as to the post-translational mechanism behind its somatosensitization. Here, we utilize biochemical, electrophysiological, and behavioral measures to demonstrate that metabotropic glutamate receptor-induced sensitization of TRPA1 nociceptors stimulates targeted modification of the receptor. Type 1 mGluR5 activation increases TRPA1 receptor agonist sensitivity in an AKA-dependent manner. As a scaffolding protein for Protein Kinases A and C (PKA and PKC, respectively), AKAP facilitates phosphorylation and sensitization of TRPA1 in ex vivo sensory neuronal preparations. Furthermore, hyperalgesic priming of mechanical hypersensitivity requires both TRPA1 and AKAP. Collectively, these results identify a novel AKAP-mediated biochemical mechanism that increases TRPA1 sensitivity in peripheral sensory neurons, and likely contributes to persistent mechanical hypersensitivity.
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21
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Regalado AI, Mancebo B, Paixão A, López Y, Merino N, Sánchez LM. Antinociceptive Activity of Methanol Extract of Tabebuia hypoleuca (C. Wright ex Sauvalle) Urb. Stems. Med Princ Pract 2017; 26:368-374. [PMID: 28591753 PMCID: PMC5768126 DOI: 10.1159/000478015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2016] [Accepted: 06/06/2017] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The aim of this study was to evaluate the antinociceptive activity of the methanol extract of Tabebuia hypoleuca stems (THME). MATERIALS AND METHODS The animals were divided into 5 groups of 8 mice for each test (negative controls, positive controls, and 3 groups treated with THME at doses of 150, 300, and 500 mg/kg, p.o.). The antinociceptive effect of THME was evaluated using the writhing, formalin, tail flick, and hot plate models in mice. RESULTS In the writhing test, THME (150, 300, and 500 mg/kg) produced significantly (p < 0.001) fewer writhes induced by acetic acid than in the control group. In the formalin test, the licking time for THME at doses of 300 and 500 mg/kg was significantly shorter (p < 0.001) compared to the control group in the first phase of the formalin test, whereas in the second phase only the dose of 500 mg/kg showed an antinociceptive effect. In addition, THME at doses of 300 and 500 mg/kg significantly increased the latency time in the tail flick test (p < 0.05 and p < 0.001, respectively) and in the hot plate test (p < 0.01 and p < 0.001, respectively) compared to the control group. CONCLUSIONS These results show that THME had antinociceptive activity using several models of nociception, and they suggest that the effect is mediated by the participation of both peripheral and central antinociceptive mechanisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ada I. Regalado
- Chemistry, Pharmacology, and Toxicology Group, National Center for Animal and Plant Health (CENSA), San José de las Lajas, Cuba
- *Ada I. Regalado, Chemistry, Pharmacology, and Toxicology Group, National Center for Animal and Plant Health, Autopista Nacional, Apartado 10, 32700 San José de las Lajas, Mayabeque (Cuba), E-Mail
| | - Betty Mancebo
- Chemistry, Pharmacology, and Toxicology Group, National Center for Animal and Plant Health (CENSA), San José de las Lajas, Cuba
| | - Armindo Paixão
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, José Eduardo dos Santos University, Huambo, Angola
| | - Yanet López
- Chemistry, Pharmacology, and Toxicology Group, National Center for Animal and Plant Health (CENSA), San José de las Lajas, Cuba
| | - Nelson Merino
- Department of Preclinical Pharmacology and Toxicology, Center for Pharmaceutical Research and Drug Development (CIDEM), Havana, Cuba
| | - Luz M. Sánchez
- Chemistry, Pharmacology, and Toxicology Group, National Center for Animal and Plant Health (CENSA), San José de las Lajas, Cuba
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Lim DW, Kim JG, Kim YT. Analgesic Effect of Indian Gooseberry (Emblica officinalis Fruit) Extracts on Postoperative and Neuropathic Pain in Rats. Nutrients 2016; 8:nu8120760. [PMID: 27898027 PMCID: PMC5188415 DOI: 10.3390/nu8120760] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2016] [Revised: 10/27/2016] [Accepted: 11/18/2016] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Indian gooseberry (Emblica officinalis fruit), also known as “Amla” is one of the oldest edible fruits known in India. It has also traditionally been used to treat inflammation, and as an analgesic to treat wounds. However, experimental evidence for the analgesic effects of E. officinalis has been lacking. The present study investigated whether E. officinalis extracts exhibit analgesic effects in the plantar incision (PI) and spared nerve injury (SNI) pain-model rats. We evaluated the mechanical withdrawal threshold (MWT) using von Frey filaments, and pain-related behavior was determined after surgery based on ultrasonic vocalization (USV). The group treated with E. officinalis extracts at 300 mg/kg had significantly increased MWT values at 6 h and 24 h after the PI, and had a significantly reduced number of 22–27-kHz USVs at 6 h and 24 h after PI. Moreover, after 15 days of continuous treatment with E. officinalis extracts, the treated group showed significantly alleviated SNI-induced hypersensitivity and reduced pro-inflammatory cytokine levels. Thus, E. officinalis extracts have potential analgesic effects in both postoperative and neuropathic pain models in vivo.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dong Wook Lim
- Research Group of Innovative Special Food, Korea Food Research Institute, 62, Anyangpangyo-ro, Bundang-gu, Seongnam 13539, Korea.
| | - Jae Goo Kim
- Research Group of Innovative Special Food, Korea Food Research Institute, 62, Anyangpangyo-ro, Bundang-gu, Seongnam 13539, Korea.
| | - Yun Tai Kim
- Research Group of Innovative Special Food, Korea Food Research Institute, 62, Anyangpangyo-ro, Bundang-gu, Seongnam 13539, Korea.
- Department of Food Biotechnology, Korea University of Science & Technology, 217 Gajeong-ro, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon 34113, Korea.
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Reina L, Bottini G, Bennadji Z, Vinciguerra V, Ferreira F, Menendez P, Moyna G. Aggregation Behavior of 6-Isocassine and N-Methyl-6-Isocassine: Insights into the Biological Mode of Action of Lipid Alkaloids. Nat Prod Commun 2016. [DOI: 10.1177/1934578x1601101104] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
The aggregation behavior of 6-isocassine and N-methyl-6-isocassine, two piperidin-3-ol alkaloids isolated respectively from the barks of Prosopis nigra and P. affinis, was investigated using a combination of NOE experiments and diffusion measurements in solvents of varying polarity and hydrogen bonding capacity. While the NOE enhancements for N-methyl-6-isocassine are positive, regardless of the solvent, those for 6-isocassine shift from negative to positive when going from chloroform- d to methanol- d4solution. In addition, despite the self-diffusion coefficients of both compounds being virtually identical in methanol- d4, N-methyl-6-isocassine diffuses nearly twice as fast as the non-methylated alkaloid in chloroform- d. The changes in rotational and translational dynamics observed between solvents for 6-isocassine suggest that the molecule forms dimeric head-to-head aggregates in non-polar aprotic environments, a behavior that could help explain the biological mode of action that has been proposed for this type of alkaloids.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luis Reina
- Departamento de Química Orgánica, Facultad de Química, UdelaR, Avenida General Flores 2124, Montevideo 11800, Uruguay
- Espacio de Ciencia y Tecnología Química, Centro Universitario de Tacuarembó, UdelaR, Ruta 5 Km 386, Tacuarembó 45000, Uruguay
| | - Gualberto Bottini
- Departamento de Química del Litoral, CENUR Litoral Norte, UdelaR, Ruta 3 Km 363, Paysandú 60000, Uruguay
| | - Zohra Bennadji
- Programa Nacional de Investigación en Producción Forestal, Instituto Nacional de Investigación Agropecuaria, Ruta 5 Km 386, Tacuarembó 45000, Uruguay
| | - Vittorio Vinciguerra
- Dipartimento per la Innovazione nei Sistemi Biologici, Agroalimentari e Forestali, Università della Tuscia, Largo dell'Università, 01100 Viterbo, Italy
| | - Fernando Ferreira
- Departamento de Química Orgánica, Facultad de Química, UdelaR, Avenida General Flores 2124, Montevideo 11800, Uruguay
- Espacio de Ciencia y Tecnología Química, Centro Universitario de Tacuarembó, UdelaR, Ruta 5 Km 386, Tacuarembó 45000, Uruguay
| | - Pilar Menendez
- Departamento de Química Orgánica, Facultad de Química, UdelaR, Avenida General Flores 2124, Montevideo 11800, Uruguay
| | - Guillermo Moyna
- Departamento de Química del Litoral, CENUR Litoral Norte, UdelaR, Ruta 3 Km 363, Paysandú 60000, Uruguay
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Dutra RC, Campos MM, Santos AR, Calixto JB. Medicinal plants in Brazil: Pharmacological studies, drug discovery, challenges and perspectives. Pharmacol Res 2016; 112:4-29. [DOI: 10.1016/j.phrs.2016.01.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 138] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2016] [Accepted: 01/17/2016] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
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de Castro AT, Castro AP, Silva MS, de Souza IMM, Martins-Souza RL, Chagas-Paula DA, Coelho LFL, da Silva Bolzani V, Pivatto M, Viegas C, Marques MJ. In vitro evaluation of the schistosomicidal effect of the extracts, fractions and major 3-hydroxy-2,6-dialkyl-substituted piperidine alkaloids from the flowers of Senna spectabilis (Fabaceae). Bioorg Med Chem Lett 2016; 26:4197-204. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bmcl.2016.07.058] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2016] [Revised: 07/22/2016] [Accepted: 07/23/2016] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
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Jia R, Li Q, Shen W, Zhang J, Zheng L, Wang G. Antinociceptive activity of a polysaccharide from the roots of Sophora flavescens. Int J Biol Macromol 2016; 93:501-505. [PMID: 27565290 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2016.08.054] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2016] [Revised: 08/10/2016] [Accepted: 08/19/2016] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
A polysaccharide (SFWP), with a molecular weight of 51kDa, was successfully purified from the roots of Sophora flavescens and the antinociceptive actions of SFWP were evaluated using acetic acid induced writhing, tail flick, and formalin tests in mice. GC-MS results showed that SFWP had a backbone composed of (1→2)-linked Glc, (1→2,6)-inkedGal and (1→3,6)-inked Man residues, which were terminated with (1→)-inked Xyl and (1→)-inked Ara at O-6 of (1→2,6)-inkedGal and (1→3,6)-inked Man along the main chain, in the ratio of 2.0: 1.02: 1.09: 1.10: 0.98. Data showed that SFWP (100, 200 and 400mg/kg) significantly reduced the number of writhings induced by acetic acid in a dose-dependent manner. However, SFWP did not produce analgesia in tail-flick test. Moreover SFWP strongly attenuated the formalin-induced flinching behaviour in the second phases but not in the first phase in a dose-dependent manner. These results revealed that SFWP could be used safely to attenuate both inflammatory and peripheral neuropathic pain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruimei Jia
- The Department of Pain Clinic of the First Affiliated Hospital, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, 150001, PR China
| | - Quancheng Li
- The Department of Pain Clinic of the First Affiliated Hospital, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, 150001, PR China
| | - Weixi Shen
- The Department of Tumor of the Second Affiliated Hospital, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, 150086, PR China
| | - Jiuwei Zhang
- The Department of Abdominal Ultrasonography Room of the First Affiliated Hospital, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, 150001, PR China
| | - Lihong Zheng
- The Anesthesiology Department of the Tumor Hospital Affiliated to Harbin Medical University, Harbin, 150081, PR China
| | - Guonian Wang
- The Anesthesiology Department of the Tumor Hospital Affiliated to Harbin Medical University, Harbin, 150081, PR China.
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Wang HL, Li YX, Niu YT, Zheng J, Wu J, Shi GJ, Ma L, Niu Y, Sun T, Yu JQ. Observing Anti-inflammatory and Anti-nociceptive Activities of Glycyrrhizin Through Regulating COX-2 and Pro-inflammatory Cytokines Expressions in Mice. Inflammation 2016; 38:2269-78. [PMID: 26178479 DOI: 10.1007/s10753-015-0212-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
The present study aimed to investigate the potential anti-inflammatory and anti-nociceptive activities of glycyrrhizin (GL) in mice and to explore the possible related mechanisms. Xylene-induced ear edema, carrageenan-induced paw edema and acetic acid-induced vascular permeability test were used to investigate the anti-inflammatory activities of GL in mice. Anti-nociceptive effects of GL were assessed by using acetic acid-induced writhing, hot plate test and formalin test, as well as evaluation of spontaneous locomotor activity and motor performance. The mRNA expression of pro-inflammatory cytokines (such as TNF-α, IL-6 and iNOS) and the protein expression of cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) were explored by using real-time fluorogenic PCR and Western blot, respectively. The results showed that GL significantly reduced xylene-induced ear edema, carrageenan-induced paw edema, and acetic acid-induced vascular permeation. Additionally, GL significantly inhibited the nociceptions induced by acetic acid and formalin. However, the nociceptions could not be decreased by GL in the hot plate test, and GL did not affect spontaneous locomotor activity and motor performance. The expression levels of TNF-α, IL-6, iNOS and COX-2 were significantly downregulated by GL. In conclusion, GL exerts significant anti-inflammatory and analgesic activities by attenuating the expression levels of TNF-α, IL-6, iNOS and COX-2.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hong-Ling Wang
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan, 750004, China
| | - Yu-Xiang Li
- College of Nursing, Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan, 750004, China
| | - Ya-Ting Niu
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan, 750004, China
| | - Jie Zheng
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan, 750004, China
| | - Jing Wu
- Laboratory Animal Center, Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan, 750004, China
| | - Guang-Jiang Shi
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan, 750004, China
| | - Lin Ma
- Key Laboratory of Craniocerebral Diseases of Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region, Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan, 750004, China
| | - Yang Niu
- Key Laboratory of Hui Ethnic Medicine Modernization, Ministry of Education, Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan, 750004, China
| | - Tao Sun
- Key Laboratory of Craniocerebral Diseases of Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region, Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan, 750004, China
| | - Jian-Qiang Yu
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan, 750004, China. .,Ningxia Hui Medicine Modern Engineering Research Center and Collaborative Innovation Center, Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan, 750004, China.
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Ferulic acid ameliorates chronic constriction injury induced painful neuropathy in rats. Inflammopharmacology 2016; 24:181-8. [DOI: 10.1007/s10787-016-0272-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2016] [Accepted: 06/24/2016] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
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Lobo BW, Lima CKF, Teixeira MS, Silva NL, Takiya CM, Ramos MF, Miranda ALP, Dellamora-Ortiz GM. Fish oil attenuates persistent inflammatory pain in rats through modulation of TNF-α and resolvins. Life Sci 2016; 152:30-7. [DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2016.03.034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2015] [Revised: 03/01/2016] [Accepted: 03/17/2016] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
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A divergent approach for asymmetric syntheses of (+)-spicigerine, (+)-cassine and their 3-epimers. Tetrahedron 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tet.2015.12.057] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
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Nguelefack TB, Dutra RC, Paszcuk AF, de Andrade EL, Calixto JB. TRPV1 channel inhibition contributes to the antinociceptive effects of Croton macrostachyus extract in mice. Altern Ther Health Med 2015; 15:293. [PMID: 26303910 PMCID: PMC4548910 DOI: 10.1186/s12906-015-0816-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2014] [Accepted: 08/10/2015] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
Background Previous study showed that extracts from Croton macrostachyus (Euphorbiaceae) exhibit analgesic effects in acute pain models. The present study evaluates the antinociceptive properties of the methanol/methylene chloride extract (MECM) of the stem bark of this plant using mice models of persistent inflammatory and neuropathic pain, and assesses its mechanism of action. Methods MECM was tested on Complete Freund adjuvant (CFA)-induced persistent thermal and mechanical pain, neuropathic pain induced by partial sciatic nerve ligation (PSNL), prostaglandin E2 (PGE2)-induced acute mechanical hyperalgesia, as well as on nociception induced by capsaicin in mice. Mechanical hyperalgesia was assessed using von Frey hair in awake mice. The mechanism of action of MECM was evaluated by using glibenclamide on PGE2-induced hyperalgesia or rimonabant on capsaicin-induced pain. Results MECM administered orally at the doses of 250 and 500 mg/kg, induced long lasting and significant antihyperalgesic effects on CFA-inflammatory and PSNL-induced neuropathic pain. MECM significantly reduced the mechanical hyperalgesia induced by PGE2 either when administered preventively or therapeutically. MECM also significantly and time dependently inhibited the capsaicin-induced nociception. These effects were not affected by glibenclamide or by rimonabant. Conclusions The present results demonstrate that the oral administration of MECM to mice resulted in long lasting antihyperalgesic activity in inflammatory and neuropathic pain as well as in acute and persistent pain. The mechanism underlying the long lasting MECM antihyperalgesic effect is currently unknown, but might be mediated, at least partially, through the modulation of TRPV1 receptors.
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Lim DW, Kim JG, Han T, Jung SK, Lim EY, Han D, Kim YT. Analgesic Effect of Ilex paraguariensis Extract on Postoperative and Neuropathic Pain in Rats. Biol Pharm Bull 2015; 38:1573-9. [DOI: 10.1248/bpb.b15-00360] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Dong Wook Lim
- Research Group of Innovative Special Food, Korea Food Research Institute
| | - Jae Goo Kim
- Research Group of Innovative Special Food, Korea Food Research Institute
| | - Taewon Han
- Research Group of Innovative Special Food, Korea Food Research Institute
| | - Sung Keun Jung
- Research Group of Nutraceuticals for Metabolic Syndrome, Korea Food Research Institute
- Department of Food Biotechnology, Korea University of Science & Technology
| | - Eun Yeong Lim
- Research Group of Innovative Special Food, Korea Food Research Institute
- Department of Food Biotechnology, Korea University of Science & Technology
| | - Daeseok Han
- Research Group of Innovative Special Food, Korea Food Research Institute
| | - Yun Tai Kim
- Research Group of Innovative Special Food, Korea Food Research Institute
- Department of Food Biotechnology, Korea University of Science & Technology
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Sreekeesoon DP, Mahomoodally MF. Ethnopharmacological analysis of medicinal plants and animals used in the treatment and management of pain in Mauritius. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2014; 157:181-200. [PMID: 25261690 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2014.09.030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2014] [Revised: 08/17/2014] [Accepted: 09/17/2014] [Indexed: 05/26/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Pain is a multi-faceted and multi-factorial condition which is challenging to manage and treat. Conventional therapies such as analgesics, Non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs), and corticosteroids amongst others have been successful to some extent in its management and treatment. Nonetheless, such therapies tend to be accompanied by undesirable effects and have a limited therapeutic range. Consequently, there is a pressing need to probe for novel analgesic and anti-nociceptive drugs from traditional medicines (TM). This study was designed to record, document and analyze herbal and animal-based therapies used for the management and treatment of pain in the tropical of Mauritius. MATERIALS AND METHODS Data was collected via face-to-face interviews with TM users (n=332) and practitioners (n=20). Seven quantitative ethnopharmacological indexes, namely family use value (FUV), use value (UV), informant agreement ratio (IAR), relative frequency of citation (RFC), fidelity level (FL), relative importance (RI) and ethnobotanicity index (EI) were calculated. RESULTS A total of 79 plant species distributed within 40 families and 20 polyherbal preparations was recorded. Interestingly, 6 indigenous/endemic plants have been reported for the first time to be in common use for pain management and treatment in Mauritius. The most significant biologically important plant family was Xanthorrhoeaceae with highest FUV. The species which ranked highest according to its UV was Morinda citrifolia L. Morinda citrifolia L. and Ricinus communis L. also scored the highest RFC. The IAR values for the disease categories were high (0.95-0.97). Based on EI, plants species which are known to be useful in TM accounted for 11.5% of the total flora in Mauritius. Coix lacryma-jobi L. (FL=100%) had highest FL for lower back ache. Morinda citrifolia L. scored highest on most of the quantitative indices calculated including RI, which is endorsed by extensive documentation on its versatility and particularly its anti-nociceptive properties. Seven animal species were recorded to be in common use. CONCLUSION The present ethnopharmacological study revealed a panoply of TM to be in common use for pain management and treatment in Mauritius. This study has documented for the first time medicinal plants and animal species with potential analgesic and/or anti-nociceptive properties. This study has therefore provided important baseline primary data for the discovery of new lead molecules for drug development geared towards pain management and treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- D Priyamka Sreekeesoon
- Department of Health Sciences, Faculty of Science, University of Mauritius, 230 Réduit, Mauritius
| | - M Fawzi Mahomoodally
- Department of Health Sciences, Faculty of Science, University of Mauritius, 230 Réduit, Mauritius.
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Anti-Inflammatory and Antihyperalgesic Activities of Ethanolic Extract and Fruticulin A from Salvia lachnostachys Leaves in Mice. EVIDENCE-BASED COMPLEMENTARY AND ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE 2014; 2014:835914. [PMID: 25435893 PMCID: PMC4241566 DOI: 10.1155/2014/835914] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2014] [Revised: 10/10/2014] [Accepted: 10/12/2014] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
The anti-inflammatory and analgesic effects of the ethanolic extract (SLEE) and fruticulin A from the leaves of Salvia lachnostachys were evaluated in mice, using experimental models of inflammation (paw oedema and pleurisy induced by carrageenan injection) and hyperalgesia (electronic Von Frey). Oral administration of SLEE (30, 100, and 300 mg/kg) and fruticulin A (0.3 and 3.0 mg/kg) decreased the total leucocytes number in pleural lavage, protein extravasation, and paw oedema. SLEE (100 mg/kg) and fruticulin A (3 mg/kg) also exhibited antihyperalgesic activity in carrageenan induced mechanical hyperalgesia. In addition, fruticulin A (3 mg/kg) prevented mechanical hyperalgesia, inhibiting TNF but not L-DOPA-induced mechanical hyperalgesia. In conclusion, SLEE and fruticulin A display anti-inflammatory and analgesic properties. Therefore, fruticulin A is at least partially responsible for the activity observed in the ethanolic extract of Salvia lachnostachys.
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Melo M, Brito R, Santos P, Nogueira P, Moraes V, Matos M, Ferro J, Barreto E, Lucca Junior W, Botelho M, Quintans Junior L. Involvement of Cerebral Nervous System Areas and Cytokines on Antihyperalgesic and Anti-Inflammatory Activities ofKielmeyera rugosaChoisy (Calophyllaceae) in Rodents. Phytother Res 2014; 28:1806-15. [DOI: 10.1002/ptr.5205] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2013] [Revised: 06/06/2014] [Accepted: 07/04/2014] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- M.S. Melo
- Department of Physiology; Federal University of Sergipe; São Cristóvão Sergipe Brazil
| | - R.G. Brito
- Department of Physiology; Federal University of Sergipe; São Cristóvão Sergipe Brazil
| | - P.L. Santos
- Department of Physiology; Federal University of Sergipe; São Cristóvão Sergipe Brazil
| | - P.C.L. Nogueira
- Department of Chemistry; Federal University of Sergipe; São Cristóvão Sergipe Brazil
| | - V.R.S. Moraes
- Department of Chemistry; Federal University of Sergipe; São Cristóvão Sergipe Brazil
| | - M.C.P. Matos
- Department of Chemistry; Federal University of Sergipe; São Cristóvão Sergipe Brazil
| | - J.N.S. Ferro
- Center for Multidisciplinary Research; Federal University of Alagoas; Maceió Alagoas Brazil
| | - E.O. Barreto
- Center for Multidisciplinary Research; Federal University of Alagoas; Maceió Alagoas Brazil
| | - W. Lucca Junior
- Department of Morphology; Federal University of Sergipe; São Cristóvão Sergipe Brazil
| | - M.A. Botelho
- The Northeast Biotechnology Network; University of Potiguar; Natal Rio Grande do Norte Brazil
| | - L.J. Quintans Junior
- Department of Physiology; Federal University of Sergipe; São Cristóvão Sergipe Brazil
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Auricular electroacupuncture reduced inflammation-related epilepsy accompanied by altered TRPA1, pPKCα, pPKCε, and pERk1/2 signaling pathways in kainic acid-treated rats. Mediators Inflamm 2014; 2014:493480. [PMID: 25147437 PMCID: PMC4131505 DOI: 10.1155/2014/493480] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2014] [Revised: 07/07/2014] [Accepted: 07/08/2014] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Background. Inflammation is often considered to play a crucial role in epilepsy by affecting iron status and metabolism. In this study, we investigated the curative effect of auricular acupuncture and somatic acupuncture on kainic acid- (KA-) induced epilepsy in rats. Methods. We established an epileptic seizure model in rats by KA (12 mg, ip). The 2 Hz electroacupuncture (EA) was applied at auricular and applied at Zusanli and Shangjuxu (ST36-ST37) acupoints for 20 min for 3 days/week for 6 weeks beginning on the day following the KA injection. Results. The electrophysiological results indicated that neuron overexcitation occurred in the KA-treated rats. This phenomenon could be reversed among either the auricular EA or ST36-ST37 EA treatment, but not in the sham-control rats. The Western blot results revealed that TRPA1, but not TRPV4, was upregulated by injecting KA and could be attenuated by administering auricular or ST36-ST37 EA, but not in the sham group. In addition, potentiation of TRPA1 was accompanied by increased PKCα and reduced PKCε. Furthermore, pERK1/2, which is indicated in inflammation, was also increased by KA. Furthermore, the aforementioned mechanisms could be reversed by administering auricular EA and could be partially reversed by ST36-ST37 EA. Conclusions. These results indicate a novel mechanism for treating inflammation-associated epilepsy and can be translated into clinical therapy.
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Susunaga-Notario ADC, Pérez-Gutiérrez S, Zavala-Sánchez MA, Almanza-Pérez JC, Gutiérrez-Carrillo A, Arrieta-Báez D, López-López AL, Román-Ramos R, Flores-Sáenz JLE, Alarcón-Aguilar FJ. Bioassay-guided chemical study of the anti-inflammatory effect of Senna villosa (Miller) H.S. Irwin & Barneby (Leguminosae) in TPA-induced ear edema. Molecules 2014; 19:10261-78. [PMID: 25029073 PMCID: PMC6271645 DOI: 10.3390/molecules190710261] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2014] [Revised: 07/09/2014] [Accepted: 07/10/2014] [Indexed: 01/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Senna villosa (Miller) is a plant that grows in México. In traditional Mexican medicine, it is used topically to treat skin infections, pustules and eruptions and to heal wounds by scar formation. However, studies of its potential anti-inflammatory effects have not been performed. The aim of the present study was to determine the anti-inflammatory effect of extracts from the leaves of Senna villosa and to perform a bioassay-guided chemical study of the extract with major activity in a model of ear edema induced by 12-O-tetradecanoylphorbol 13-acetate (TPA). The results reveal that the chloroform extract from Senna villosa leaves has anti-inflammatory and anti-proliferative properties. Nine fractions were obtained from the bioassay-guided chemical study, including a white precipitate from fractions 2 and 3. Although none of the nine fractions presented anti-inflammatory activity, the white precipitate exhibited pharmacological activity. It was chemically characterized using mass spectrometry and infrared and nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy, resulting in a mixture of three aliphatic esters, which were identified as the principal constituents: hexyl tetradecanoate (C20H40O2), heptyl tetradecanoate (C21H42O2) and octyl tetradecanoate (C22H44O2). This research provides, for the first time, evidence of the anti-inflammatory and anti-proliferative properties of compounds isolated from Senna villosa.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ana del Carmen Susunaga-Notario
- Doctorado en Biología Experimental, D.C.B.S., Universidad Autónoma Metropolitana, Unidad Iztapalapa, Av. San Rafael Atlixco No.186 Colonia, Vicentina, Iztapalapa 09340, Mexico.
| | - Salud Pérez-Gutiérrez
- Laboratory of Productos Naturales, Departamento Sistemas Biológicos, D.C.B.S., Universidad Autónoma Metropolitana Unidad Xochimilco, Calzada del Hueso 1100, Col, Villa Quietud, Coyoacán 04690, Mexico.
| | - Miguel Angel Zavala-Sánchez
- Laboratory of Productos Naturales, Departamento Sistemas Biológicos, D.C.B.S., Universidad Autónoma Metropolitana Unidad Xochimilco, Calzada del Hueso 1100, Col, Villa Quietud, Coyoacán 04690, Mexico.
| | - Julio Cesar Almanza-Pérez
- Laboratory of Farmacología, Departamento Ciencias de la Salud, D.C.B.S., Universidad Autónoma Metropolitana Unidad Iztapalapa, Av. San Rafael Atlixco No.186 Colonia, Vicentina, Iztapalapa 09340, Mexico.
| | - Atilano Gutiérrez-Carrillo
- Laboratory of RMN, Departamento de Química, D.C.B.I. Universidad Autónoma Metropolitana-Iztapalapa, Av. San Rafael Atlixco No. 186, México D.F. 09340, Mexico.
| | - Daniel Arrieta-Báez
- Instituto Politécnico Nacional-CNMN, Calle, Luis Enrique Erro s/n, Unidad Profesional Adolfo López Mateos, Gustavo A, Madero 07738, Mexico.
| | - Ana Laura López-López
- Doctorado en Biología Experimental, D.C.B.S., Universidad Autónoma Metropolitana, Unidad Iztapalapa, Av. San Rafael Atlixco No.186 Colonia, Vicentina, Iztapalapa 09340, Mexico.
| | - Rubén Román-Ramos
- Laboratory of Farmacología, Departamento Ciencias de la Salud, D.C.B.S., Universidad Autónoma Metropolitana Unidad Iztapalapa, Av. San Rafael Atlixco No.186 Colonia, Vicentina, Iztapalapa 09340, Mexico.
| | - José Luis Eduardo Flores-Sáenz
- Laboratory of Farmacología, Departamento Ciencias de la Salud, D.C.B.S., Universidad Autónoma Metropolitana Unidad Iztapalapa, Av. San Rafael Atlixco No.186 Colonia, Vicentina, Iztapalapa 09340, Mexico.
| | - Francisco Javier Alarcón-Aguilar
- Laboratory of Farmacología, Departamento Ciencias de la Salud, D.C.B.S., Universidad Autónoma Metropolitana Unidad Iztapalapa, Av. San Rafael Atlixco No.186 Colonia, Vicentina, Iztapalapa 09340, Mexico.
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Manjavachi MN, Costa R, Quintão NL, Calixto JB. The role of keratinocyte-derived chemokine (KC) on hyperalgesia caused by peripheral nerve injury in mice. Neuropharmacology 2014; 79:17-27. [DOI: 10.1016/j.neuropharm.2013.10.026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2013] [Revised: 10/03/2013] [Accepted: 10/22/2013] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
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Khan S, Shehzad O, Chun J, Choi RJ, Park S, Islam MN, Choi JS, Kim YS. Anti-hyperalgesic and anti-allodynic activities of capillarisin via suppression of inflammatory signaling in animal model. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2014; 152:478-486. [PMID: 24495472 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2014.01.028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2013] [Revised: 01/22/2014] [Accepted: 01/25/2014] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Artemisia capillaris has widespread traditional and pharmacological applications such as analgesic, anti-inflammatory, anti-pyretic, enhance immunity and anti-tumor activity properties. To evaluate the pharmacological activities of this plant, capillarisin, one of the potent constituent of Artemisia capillaris was studied based on anti-hyperalgesic and anti-allodynic effects with detailed mechanism. It can be assumed that measurement of anti-nociceptive effects of capillarisin is one of the parameter for the evaluation of this herb. Capillarisin has extensive pharmacological properties and has been considered to have promising ant-inflammatory and anti-nociceptive activities. The aim of the current study is to investigate the effect of capillarisin and underlying molecular mechanisms of action in preventing acute and subchronic inflammatory pain. MATERIALS AND METHODS The inflammatory pain was induced after 40 min or 1h of administration of vehicle, 70% EtOH extract of Artemisia capillaris (100mg/kg) or capillarisin (20 and 80 mg/kg) by intraplantar (i.p.l.) injections of CFA and carrageenan in ICR mice, respectively. Mechanical hyperalgesia and allodynia were evaluated in both acute and subchronic models. Further analysis was performed in CFA-induced mice exploring various molecular and signaling pathways such as NF-κB, AP-1, and ERK-CREB involved in the persistent pain sensations. RESULTS In acute model, mechanical hyperalgesia and allodynia were evaluated after every 2h until 6h of CFA and after 4h of carrageenan injections. Whereas, in subchronic inflammatory pain model, mechanical hyperalgesia and paw edema were measured after 4h of CFA injection and every day after 4h of daily treatment until 5 days with interval of day four in order to assess the tolerance effect of capillarisin. Further analysis was performed in CFA-induced mice exploring various molecular and signaling pathways such as NF-κB, AP-1 and ERK-CREB involved in the persistent of pain sensations. Pre-treatment of capillarisin strongly inhibited NF-κB mediated genes (iNOS, COX-2), involved in pain. The plasma leading nitrite production was significantly reduced by capillarisin. Moreover, i.p. administration of capillarisin markedly suppressed the adenosine 5׳-triphosphate (ATP) in plasma and substance P in CFA-induced paw tissue. CONCLUSIONS The present study indicates that capillarisin possessed promising anti-hyperalgesic and anti-allodynic effects through the inhibition of various inflammatory pain signaling, suggesting that capillarisin constitutes a significant component for the treatment of inflammatory pain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Salman Khan
- Natural Products Research Institute, College of Pharmacy, Seoul National University, Seoul 151-742, Republic of Korea
| | - Omer Shehzad
- Natural Products Research Institute, College of Pharmacy, Seoul National University, Seoul 151-742, Republic of Korea; Department of Pharmacy, Abdul Wali Khan University, Mardan, Pakistan
| | - Jaemoo Chun
- Natural Products Research Institute, College of Pharmacy, Seoul National University, Seoul 151-742, Republic of Korea
| | - Ran Joo Choi
- Natural Products Research Institute, College of Pharmacy, Seoul National University, Seoul 151-742, Republic of Korea
| | - Saitbyul Park
- Natural Products Research Institute, College of Pharmacy, Seoul National University, Seoul 151-742, Republic of Korea
| | - Md Nurul Islam
- Department of Food Science and Nutrition, Pukyong National University, Pusan 608-737, Republic of Korea
| | - Jae Sue Choi
- Department of Food Science and Nutrition, Pukyong National University, Pusan 608-737, Republic of Korea
| | - Yeong Shik Kim
- Natural Products Research Institute, College of Pharmacy, Seoul National University, Seoul 151-742, Republic of Korea.
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Lim DW, Kim JG, Han D, Kim YT. Analgesic effect of Harpagophytum procumbens on postoperative and neuropathic pain in rats. Molecules 2014; 19:1060-8. [PMID: 24441655 PMCID: PMC6270659 DOI: 10.3390/molecules19011060] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2013] [Revised: 01/10/2014] [Accepted: 01/13/2014] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Harpagophytum procumbens, also known as Devil's Claw, has historically been used to treat a wide range of conditions, including pain and arthritis. The study was designed to investigate whether H. procumbens extracts exhibit analgesic effects in plantar incision and spared nerve injury (SNI) rats. The whole procedure was performed on male SD rats. To evaluate pain-related behavior, we performed the mechanical withdrawal threshold (MWT) test measured by von Frey filaments. Pain-related behavior was also determined through analysis of ultrasonic vocalization (USVs). The results of experiments showed MWT values of the group that was treated with 300 mg/kg H. procumbens extract increased significantly; on the contrary, the number of 22-27 kHz USVs of the treated group was reduced at 6 h and 24 h after plantar incision operation. After 21 days of continuous treatment with H. procumbens extracts at 300 mg/kg, the treated group showed significantly alleviated SNI-induced hypersensitivity responses by MWT, compared with the control group. These results suggest that H. procumbens extracts have potential analgesic effects in the case of acute postoperative pain and chronic neuropathic pain in rats.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dong Wook Lim
- Functionality Evaluation Research Group, Korea Food Research Institute, Seongnam 463-746, Korea
| | - Jae Goo Kim
- Functionality Evaluation Research Group, Korea Food Research Institute, Seongnam 463-746, Korea
| | - Daeseok Han
- Functionality Evaluation Research Group, Korea Food Research Institute, Seongnam 463-746, Korea
| | - Yun Tai Kim
- Functionality Evaluation Research Group, Korea Food Research Institute, Seongnam 463-746, Korea.
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Brodkin J, Frank D, Grippo R, Hausfater M, Gulinello M, Achterholt N, Gutzen C. Validation and implementation of a novel high-throughput behavioral phenotyping instrument for mice. J Neurosci Methods 2013; 224:48-57. [PMID: 24384067 DOI: 10.1016/j.jneumeth.2013.12.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2013] [Revised: 12/18/2013] [Accepted: 12/22/2013] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Behavioral assessment of mutant mouse models and novel candidate drugs is a slow and labor intensive process. This limitation produces a significant impediment to CNS drug discovery. NEW METHOD By combining video and vibration analysis we created an automated system that provides the most detailed description of mouse behavior available. Our system (The Behavioral Spectrometer) allowed for the rapid assessment of behavioral abnormalities in the BTBR model of Autism, the restraint model of stress and the irritant model of inflammatory pain. RESULTS We found that each model produced a unique alteration of the spectrum of behavior emitted by the mice. BTBR mice engaged in more grooming and less rearing behaviors. Prior restraint stress produced dramatic increases in grooming activity at the expense of locomotor behavior. Pain produced profound decreases in emitted behavior that were reversible with analgesic treatment. COMPARISON WITH EXISTING METHOD(S) We evaluated our system through a direct comparison on the same subjects with the current "gold standard" of human observation of video recordings. Using the same mice evaluated over the same range of behaviors, the Behavioral Spectrometer produced a quantitative categorization of behavior that was highly correlated with the scores produced by trained human observers (r=0.97). CONCLUSIONS Our results show that this new system is a highly valid and sensitive method to characterize behavioral effects in mice. As a fully automated and easily scalable instrument the Behavioral Spectrometer represents a high-throughput behavioral tool that reduces the time and labor involved in behavioral research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jesse Brodkin
- Behavioral Instruments, 5 Jill Court Unit 1, Hillsborough, NJ 08844, United States.
| | - Dana Frank
- Behavioral Instruments, 5 Jill Court Unit 1, Hillsborough, NJ 08844, United States
| | - Ryan Grippo
- Department of Psychology, Rutgers University, Piscataway, NJ 08854, United States
| | - Michal Hausfater
- Department of Psychology, Rutgers University, Piscataway, NJ 08854, United States
| | - Maria Gulinello
- Behavioral Core Facility, Albert Einstein College of Medicine of Yeshiva University, Dominick P. Purpura Department of Neuroscience, Rose F. Kennedy Center, RM 925, 1410 Pelham Pkwy S., Bronx, NY 10461, United States
| | - Nils Achterholt
- BIOBSERVE GmbH, Siegburger Str. 35, 53757 St. Augustin, Germany
| | - Christian Gutzen
- BIOBSERVE GmbH, Siegburger Str. 35, 53757 St. Augustin, Germany.
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Quintans JSS, Antoniolli AR, Almeida JRGS, Santana-Filho VJ, Quintans-Júnior LJ. Natural products evaluated in neuropathic pain models - a systematic review. Basic Clin Pharmacol Toxicol 2013; 114:442-50. [PMID: 24252102 DOI: 10.1111/bcpt.12178] [Citation(s) in RCA: 70] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2013] [Accepted: 11/06/2013] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Chronic pain conditions, such as neuropathic pain, are a common problem that poses a major challenge to health-care providers due to its complex natural history, unclear aetiology and poor response towards therapy. Despite the large number of drugs available, the adherence is limited by the large range of side effects and pharmacological ineffectiveness. Thus, the search for new chemical entities that can act as promising molecules to treat chronic pain conditions has emerged. The natural products remain as the most promising sources of new chemical entities with applicability for the medical approach. Hence, we performed a systematic review analysing pre-clinical studies shown to be promising in a possible applicability in neuropathic pain. The search terms neuropathic pain, phytotherapy and medicinal plants were used to retrieve English language articles in LILACS, PUBMED and EMBASE published until 10 April 2013. From a total of 1529 articles surveyed, 28 met the inclusion and exclusion criteria established. The main chemical compounds studied were flavonoids (28%), terpenes (17%), alkaloids (14%), phenols (10%), carotenoids (10%) and others (21%). The mostly described animal models for the study of neuropathic pain included were chronic constriction injury (CCI - 32%), partial sciatic nerve ligation (PSNL - 28%), streptozotocin - induced diabetic (28%), alcoholic neuropathy (3.5%), sodium monoiodoacetate (MIA - 3.5%) and neuropathic pain induced by paclitaxel (3.5%). The opioids, serotonergic and cannabinoid systems are suggested as the most promising targets for the natural products described. Therefore, the data reviewed here suggest that these compounds are possible candidates for the treatment of chronic painful conditions, such as neuropathic pain.
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Walker CIB, Trevisan G, Rossato MF, Silva CR, Pinheiro FV, Franciscato C, Tatsch E, Moretto MB, Silva MD, Manfron MP, Noal Moresco R, Santos ARS, Pereira ME, Ferreira J. Antinociceptive effect of Mirabilis jalapa on acute and chronic pain models in mice. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2013; 149:685-693. [PMID: 23906783 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2013.07.027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2013] [Revised: 07/11/2013] [Accepted: 07/22/2013] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE The infusion or decoction of Mirabilis jalapa leaves is used in traditional medicine in Brazil to treat inflammatory and painful diseases. Thus, the present study was designed to investigate whether the leaf ethyl acetate (Eta) fraction from Mirabilis jalapa exhibits antinociceptive effect in clinically relevant pain models in mice. Furthermore, we have investigated the role of cholinergic system in the antinociceptive action produced by Eta in mice. MATERIALS AND METHODS The effect of Eta administered orally (10mg/kg, p.o.) in mice was verified on the painful hypersensitivity (mechanical allodynia) in models of chronic inflammation (subcutaneous injection of complete Freund's Adjuvant-CFA in the plantar surface of the right hind paw), postoperative (paw surgical incision) and neuropathic (partial sciatic nerve ligation) pain. In the chronic inflammation model, we further verified the effect of Eta treatment on paw edema and interleukin-1β (IL-1β) levels. We also investigated the role of muscarinic and nicotinic receptors in the antiallodynic action produced by Eta as well as the possible action of Eta on in vitro and ex vivo acetylcholinesterase activity in CFA treated animals. Furthermore, we verified the effect of Eta treatment on the parameters of liver and kidney lesion (level of urea, and activity of aspartate aminotransferase and alanine aminotransferase). RESULTS Eta produced marked reduction in the allodynia caused by CFA, surgical incision and partial sciatic nerve ligation. However, Eta did not alter the paw edema or the increase of IL-1β levels produced by CFA. The antinociceptive effect of Eta was reversed by the pre-treatment of animals with the antagonists of muscarinic (atropine, 5mg/kg, s.c) or nicotinic (mecamylamine, 0.001mg/kg, s.c.) receptors. Eta did not alter in vitro acetylcholinesterase activity in blood or spinal cord samples, but it reversed the increase in the acetylcholinesterase activity observed in the spinal cord samples from mice injected with CFA. Moreover, Eta did not alter the indicators of liver or kidney lesion. CONCLUSIONS Based on its use in traditional medicine, the results of the present study confirmed the antinociceptive properties of Eta in clinically relevant pain models. Also its effect on the CFA-induced chronic inflammation seems to be related to acetylcholinesterase inhibition and cholinergic system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cristiani I B Walker
- Departamento de Saúde, Curso de Farmácia, Universidade Federal de Sergipe, SE, Brazil; Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Biológicas: Bioquímica Toxicológica, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, Santa Maria, RS, Brazil.
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Mechanism underlying anti-hyperalgesic and anti-allodynic properties of anomalin in both acute and chronic inflammatory pain models in mice through inhibition of NF-κB, MAPKs and CREB signaling cascades. Eur J Pharmacol 2013; 718:448-58. [PMID: 23911882 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejphar.2013.07.039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2013] [Revised: 07/06/2013] [Accepted: 07/16/2013] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
The numerous mediators of pain and inflammation are products of injury-induced gene expression that lead to changes in the nervous system and immune responses. These multiple molecules and mechanisms suggest novel strategies that could be used for analgesic drug development. The present study investigated the possible anti-hyperalgesic effects of anomalin in complete Freund's adjuvant (CFA)-induced acute and chronic inflammatory pain models. Acute pretreatment of mice with anomalin (10 and 50mg/kg, i.p.) produced a significant anti-nociceptive effect against CFA- and carrageenan-induced mechanical hyperalgesia and allodynia. In a chronic pain model, administration of anomalin inhibited CFA-induced hyperalgesia, and it did not cause any apparent toxicity. Another set of experiments observed that anomalin inhibited CFA- and carrageenan-induced paw edema in acute and chronic models. To elucidate the molecular mechanism underlying the anti-nociceptive effect of anomalin, the various pain signaling pathways [NF-κB, cAMP response element-binding protein (CREB), and mitogen activated protein kinase (MAPKs)/AP-1] that are involved were examined. Intraperitoneal (i.p.) pretreatment of anomalin exhibited potent inhibitory effects on direct mediators of hyperalgesia (iNOS and COX-2). The release of CFA-induced plasma nitrite and paw tissue hyperalgesic cytokine (TNF-α) was reduced remarkably. In addition, the adenosine 5'-triphosphate (ATP) in plasma and substance P (SP) in paw tissue were markedly suppressed by anomalin. These results demonstrate that anomalin exhibits an analgesic effect in a consistent manner and that its mechanisms involve the inhibition of the NF-κB, CREB, and MAPKs/AP-1 signaling pathways.
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Kamaldin MN, Akhtar MN, Mohamad AS, Lajis N, Perimal EK, Akira A, Ming-Tatt L, Israf DA, Sulaiman MR. Peripheral antinociception of a chalcone, flavokawin B and possible involvement of the nitric oxide/cyclic guanosine monophosphate/potassium channels pathway. Molecules 2013; 18:4209-20. [PMID: 23612473 PMCID: PMC6270115 DOI: 10.3390/molecules18044209] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2013] [Revised: 03/28/2013] [Accepted: 03/28/2013] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Previous studies have shown that systemic administration of 6'-hydroxy-2',4'-dimethoxychalcone (flavokawin B, FKB) exerts significant peripheral and central antinociceptive effects in laboratory animals. However, the mechanisms underlying these peripheral and central antinociceptive effects have yet to be elucidated. Therefore, the objective of the present study was to evaluate the participation of nitric oxide (NO)/cyclic guanosine monophosphate (cGMP)/potassium (K+) channels pathway in the peripheral antinociception induced by FKB. It was demonstrated that intraplantar (i.pl.) administration of FKB (150, 250, 375 and 500 µg/paw) resulted in dose-dependent peripheral antinociception against mechanical hyperalgesia in carrageenan-induced hyperalgesia test model in rats. The possibility of FKB having either a central or a systemic effect was excluded since administration of FKB into the right paw did not elicit antinociception in the contralateral paw. Furthermore, peripheral antinociception induced by FKB (500 µg/paw) was significantly reduced when l-arginine (25 µg/paw, i.pl.), Oxadiazolo[4,3-a]quinoxalin-1-one (ODQ; 50 µg/paw, i.pl.), glibenclamide (300 µg/paw, i.pl.), tetraethylammonium (300 µg/paw, i.pl.) and charybdotoxin (3 µg/paw, i.pl.) were injected before treatment. Taken together, our present data suggest that FKB elicits peripheral antinociception when assessed in the mechanical hyperalgesia induced by carrageenan. In addition, it was also demonstrated that this effect was mediated through interaction of the NO/cGMP/K+ channels signaling pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohd Nasier Kamaldin
- Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Serdang 43400, Malaysia; E-Mails: (M.N.K.); (A.S.M.); (E.K.P.); (A.A.); (L.M.-T.); (D.A.I.)
| | - Muhammad Nadeem Akhtar
- Faculty of Industrial Sciences & Technology, University Malaysia Pahang, Lebuhraya Tun Razak, Gambang 26300, Malaysia; E-Mail:
| | - Azam Shah Mohamad
- Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Serdang 43400, Malaysia; E-Mails: (M.N.K.); (A.S.M.); (E.K.P.); (A.A.); (L.M.-T.); (D.A.I.)
| | - Nordin Lajis
- Scientific Chairs Unit, Al-Jazeerah Building, Taibah University, Madinah al-Munawarah 41311, Saudi Arabia; E-Mail:
| | - Enoch Kumar Perimal
- Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Serdang 43400, Malaysia; E-Mails: (M.N.K.); (A.S.M.); (E.K.P.); (A.A.); (L.M.-T.); (D.A.I.)
| | - Ahmad Akira
- Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Serdang 43400, Malaysia; E-Mails: (M.N.K.); (A.S.M.); (E.K.P.); (A.A.); (L.M.-T.); (D.A.I.)
| | - Lee Ming-Tatt
- Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Serdang 43400, Malaysia; E-Mails: (M.N.K.); (A.S.M.); (E.K.P.); (A.A.); (L.M.-T.); (D.A.I.)
| | - Daud Ahmad Israf
- Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Serdang 43400, Malaysia; E-Mails: (M.N.K.); (A.S.M.); (E.K.P.); (A.A.); (L.M.-T.); (D.A.I.)
| | - Mohd Roslan Sulaiman
- Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Serdang 43400, Malaysia; E-Mails: (M.N.K.); (A.S.M.); (E.K.P.); (A.A.); (L.M.-T.); (D.A.I.)
- Author to whom correspondence should be addressed; E-Mail: ; Tel.: +603-8947-2346; Fax: +603-8947-2585
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Khan S, Choi RJ, Shehzad O, Kim HP, Islam MN, Choi JS, Kim YS. Molecular mechanism of capillarisin-mediated inhibition of MyD88/TIRAP inflammatory signaling in in vitro and in vivo experimental models. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2013; 145:626-637. [PMID: 23237934 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2012.12.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 58] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2012] [Revised: 11/23/2012] [Accepted: 12/01/2012] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Artemisia capillaris Thunberg (Compositae) have been used as traditional medicine as a diuretic, liver protective agent, and for amelioration of inflammatory and analgesic disorders. The present study was carried out to establish the scientific rationale for treating inflammation and to find active principles from A. capillaris. The aim of the present study is to investigate the possible anti-inflammatory mechanism of the major component (capillarisin) isolated from A. capillaris via inhibition of MyD88/TIRAP inflammatory signaling both in vitro and in vivo models. MATERIALS AND METHODS The nitrite, PGE(2), and TNF-α productions were evaluated by Griess reagent and ELISA kits. The protein and mRNA expression levels were investigated by Western blot and RT-PCR. The NF-κB and AP-1 DNA-binding was performed by electrophoretic mobility shift assay. The CFA- and carrageenan-induced paw edema was performed in ICR mice in which 20 and 80 mg/kg body weight of capillarisin was administered intraperitoneally (i.p.). RESULTS The results demonstrated that pretreatment with capillarisin effectively inhibited the LPS-induced activation of NF-κB, Akt, and MAP kinase-activated inflammatory genes, which is mediated by MyD88 and TIRAP. Treatment with capillarisin reduced the mRNA and protein levels of iNOS and COX-2 in RAW 264.7 cells as assessed by RT-PCR and Western blot. Capillarisin suppressed LPS-induced inhibitory kappa kinase (IKK) phosphorylation and the degradation of inhibitory kappa B (IκBα) and prevented the nuclear translocation of p65 and p50. Capillarisin also exhibited a promising inhibitory effect on the LPS-induced NF-κB and AP-1 DNA binding activity based on an electrophoretic mobility shift assay. The LPS-induced activation of p-JNK, p-p38, p-ERK, and p-Akt was significantly inhibited. In addition, the TNF-α level in the media was effectively reduced by capillarisin. In vivo experimental analysis revealed that capillarisin (20 and 80 mg/kg, i.p.) inhibited complete Freund's adjuvant (CFA)-and carrageenan-induced paw edema, nitrite production in plasma, and TNF-α, a pro-inflammatory cytokine production. CONCLUSION The results presented here demonstrate that capillarisin has consistent anti-inflammatory properties and acts by inhibiting inflammatory mediators in in vitro and in vivo experimental models, and suggest its potential utility in the control of inflammatory disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Salman Khan
- Natural Products Research Institute, College of Pharmacy, Seoul National University, 1 Gwanangno, Gwanak-gu, Seoul 151-742, Republic of Korea
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Nagappan T, Segaran TC, Wahid MEA, Ramasamy P, Vairappan CS. Efficacy of carbazole alkaloids, essential oil and extract of Murraya koenigii in enhancing subcutaneous wound healing in rats. Molecules 2012; 17:14449-63. [PMID: 23519245 PMCID: PMC6268337 DOI: 10.3390/molecules171214449] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2012] [Revised: 11/06/2012] [Accepted: 11/13/2012] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The traditional use of Murraya koenigii as Asian folk medicine prompted us to investigate its wound healing ability. Three carbazole alkaloids (mahanine (1), mahanimbicine (2), mahanimbine (3)), essential oil and ethanol extract of Murraya koenigii were investigated for their efficacy in healing subcutaneous wounds. Topical application of the three alkaloids, essential oil and crude extract on 8 mm wounds created on the dorsal skin of rats was monitored for 18 days. Wound contraction rate and epithelialization duration were calculated, while wound granulation and collagen deposition were evaluated via histological method. Wound contraction rates were obvious by day 4 for the group treated with extract (19.25%) and the group treated with mahanimbicine (2) (12.60%), while complete epithelialization was achieved on day 18 for all treatment groups. Wounds treated with mahanimbicine (2) (88.54%) and extract of M. koenigii (91.78%) showed the highest rate of collagen deposition with well-organized collagen bands, formation of fibroblasts, hair follicle buds and with reduced inflammatory cells compared to wounds treated with mahanine (1), mahanimbine (3) and essential oil. The study revealed the potential of mahanimbicine (2) and crude extract of M. koenigii in facilitation and acceleration of wound healing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thilahgavani Nagappan
- Laboratory of Natural Products Chemistry, Institute for Tropical Biology and Conservation, Universiti Malaysia Sabah, 88999 Kota Kinabalu, Sabah, Malaysia; E-Mail:
| | - Thirukanthan Chandra Segaran
- Institute of Marine Biotechnology, University Malaysia Terengganu, 21030 Kuala Terengganu, Terengganu, Malaysia; E-Mails: (T.C.S.); (M.E.A.W.)
| | - Mohd Effendy Abdul Wahid
- Institute of Marine Biotechnology, University Malaysia Terengganu, 21030 Kuala Terengganu, Terengganu, Malaysia; E-Mails: (T.C.S.); (M.E.A.W.)
| | - Perumal Ramasamy
- School of Medicine, Universiti Malaysia Sabah, 88999 Kota Kinabalu, Sabah, Malaysia; E-Mail:
| | - Charles S. Vairappan
- Laboratory of Natural Products Chemistry, Institute for Tropical Biology and Conservation, Universiti Malaysia Sabah, 88999 Kota Kinabalu, Sabah, Malaysia; E-Mail:
- Author to whom correspondence should be addressed; E-Mail: ; Tel.: +6088-320-000 (ext. 2384); Fax: +6088-320-291
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Sharma M, Garigipati S, Kundu B, Vanamala D, Semwal A, Sriram D, Yogeeswari P. Discovery of Novel 1,2,4-Triazol-5-Ones as Tumor Necrosis Factor-Alpha Inhibitors for the Treatment of Neuropathic Pain. Chem Biol Drug Des 2012; 80:961-70. [DOI: 10.1111/cbdd.12049] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
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Discovery of Fused Triazolo-thiadiazoles as Inhibitors of TNF-alpha: Pharmacophore Hybridization for Treatment of Neuropathic Pain. Pain Ther 2012; 1:3. [PMID: 25134932 PMCID: PMC4107862 DOI: 10.1007/s40122-012-0003-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2012] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction Neuropathic pain is a complex, chronic pain state that is usually accompanied by tissue injury. With neuropathic pain, the nerve fibers themselves may be damaged, dysfunctional, or injured. Methods A series of pharmacophoric hybrids of substituted aryl semicarbazides incorporated into a fused triazolo-thiadiazole nucleus were synthesized and evaluated for neuropathic pain activity. After the assessment of neurotoxicity and peripheral analgesic activity, the compounds were evaluated in two peripheral neuropathic pain models, the chronic constriction injury and partial sciatic nerve ligation, to assess their antiallodynic and antihyperalgesic potential. Results Selected compounds exhibiting promising efficacies (4b, 6a, and 7e) revealed median effective dose (ED50) values ranging from 7.62–28.71 mg/kg in four behavioral assays of allodynia and hyperalgesia (spontaneous pain, tactile allodynia, cold allodynia, and mechanical hyperalgesia). Studies carried out to assess the underlying mechanism revealed that compounds suppressed the inflammatory component of the neuropathic pain by inhibiting tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-alpha and preventing oxidative and nitrosative stress. Conclusion Using a hybrid design approach, the present study identified novel chemical compounds that could be a potential lead for the treatment of neuropathic pain.
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Jothy SL, Torey A, Darah I, Choong YS, Saravanan D, Chen Y, Latha LY, Deivanai S, Sasidharan S. Cassia spectabilis (DC) Irwin et Barn: a promising traditional herb in health improvement. Molecules 2012; 17:10292-305. [PMID: 22932211 PMCID: PMC6268459 DOI: 10.3390/molecules170910292] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2012] [Revised: 08/18/2012] [Accepted: 08/20/2012] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The genus Cassia, comprising about 600 species widely distributed worldwide is well known for its diverse biological and pharmacological properties. Cassia spectabilis (sin Senna spectabilis) (DC) Irwin et Barn (Fabaceae) is widely grown as an ornamental plant in tropical and subtropical areas. C. spectabilis has been commonly used in traditional medicine for many years. Information in the biomedical literature has indicated the presence of a variety of medicinally-important chemical constituents in C. spectabilis. Pharmacological studies by various groups of investigators have shown that C. spectabilis possesses significant biological activity, such as antibacterial, antibiofilm, antifungal and antioxidant properties. Beside this, toxicity studies of this plant have revealed no toxic effect on mice. In view of the immense medicinal importance of C. spectabilis, this review aimed at compiling all currently available information on C. spectabilis’s botany, phytochemistry, pharmacology, and mechanism of actions, toxicology and its ethnomedicinal uses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Subramanion L. Jothy
- Institute for Research in Molecular Medicine (INFORMM), Universiti Sains Malaysia, 11800 USM, Penang, Malaysia; (A.T.); (Y.S.C.); (L.Y.L.)
| | - Angeline Torey
- Institute for Research in Molecular Medicine (INFORMM), Universiti Sains Malaysia, 11800 USM, Penang, Malaysia; (A.T.); (Y.S.C.); (L.Y.L.)
| | - Ibrahim Darah
- School of Biological Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia, 11800 USM, Penang, Malaysia;
| | - Yee Siew Choong
- Institute for Research in Molecular Medicine (INFORMM), Universiti Sains Malaysia, 11800 USM, Penang, Malaysia; (A.T.); (Y.S.C.); (L.Y.L.)
| | - Dharmaraj Saravanan
- Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Universiti Sultan Zainal Abidin, Kota Kampus, 20400 Kuala Terengganu, Terengganu, Malaysia;
| | - Yeng Chen
- Dental Research and Training Unit, and Oral Cancer Research and Coordinating Centre (OCRCC), Faculty of Dentistry, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur 50603, Malaysia;
| | - Lachimanan Yoga Latha
- Institute for Research in Molecular Medicine (INFORMM), Universiti Sains Malaysia, 11800 USM, Penang, Malaysia; (A.T.); (Y.S.C.); (L.Y.L.)
| | - Subramanian Deivanai
- Department of Biotechnology, Faculty of Applied Sciences, AIMST University, Jalan Bedong Semeling, Batu 3½, Bukit Air Nasi, Bedong 08100, Kedah, Malaysia;
| | - Sreenivasan Sasidharan
- Institute for Research in Molecular Medicine (INFORMM), Universiti Sains Malaysia, 11800 USM, Penang, Malaysia; (A.T.); (Y.S.C.); (L.Y.L.)
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