1
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Weiss N, Zamponi GW. The T-type calcium channelosome. Pflugers Arch 2024; 476:163-177. [PMID: 38036777 DOI: 10.1007/s00424-023-02891-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2023] [Revised: 11/21/2023] [Accepted: 11/23/2023] [Indexed: 12/02/2023]
Abstract
T-type calcium channels perform crucial physiological roles across a wide spectrum of tissues, spanning both neuronal and non-neuronal system. For instance, they serve as pivotal regulators of neuronal excitability, contribute to cardiac pacemaking, and mediate the secretion of hormones. These functions significantly hinge upon the intricate interplay of T-type channels with interacting proteins that modulate their expression and function at the plasma membrane. In this review, we offer a panoramic exploration of the current knowledge surrounding these T-type channel interactors, and spotlight certain aspects of their potential for drug-based therapeutic intervention.
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Affiliation(s)
- Norbert Weiss
- Department of Pathophysiology, Third Faculty of Medicine, Charles University, Prague, Czech Republic.
| | - Gerald W Zamponi
- Department of Clinical Neurosciences, Alberta Children's Hospital Research Institute, Hotchkiss Brain Institute, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, Canada
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2
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Zhuang XF, Liu YX, Yang ZH, Gao Q, Wang L, Ju C, Wang K. Attenuation of Epileptogenesis and Cognitive Deficits by a Selective and Potent Kv7 Channel Opener in Rodent Models of Seizures. J Pharmacol Exp Ther 2023; 384:315-325. [PMID: 36396352 DOI: 10.1124/jpet.122.001328] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2021] [Revised: 08/12/2022] [Accepted: 10/20/2022] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Targeting neuronal Kv7 channels by pharmacological activation has been proven to be an attractive therapeutic strategy for epilepsy. Here, we show that activation of Kv7 channels by an opener SCR2682 dose-dependently reduces seizure activity and severity in rodent models of epilepsy induced by a GABAa receptor antagonist pentylenetetrazole (PTZ), maximal electroshock, and a glutamate receptor agonist kainic acid (KA). Electroencephalographic recordings of rat cerebral cortex confirm that SCR2682 also decreases epileptiform discharges in KA-induced seizures. Nissl and neuronal nuclei staining further demonstrates that SCR2682 also protects neurons from injury induced by KA. In Morris water maze navigation and Y-maze tests, SCR2682 improves PTZ- and KA-induced cognitive impairment. Taken together, our findings demonstrate that pharmacological activation of Kv7 by novel opener SCR2682 may hold promise for therapy of epilepsy with cognitive impairment. SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENT: A neuronal Kv7 channel opener SCR2682 attenuates epileptogenesis and seizure-induced cognitive impairment in rodent models of seizures, thus possessing a developmental potential for effective therapy of epilepsy with cognitive impairment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiao-Fei Zhuang
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Qingdao University Medical College (X.-F.Z., Y.-X.L., Z.-H.Y., Q.G., L.W., C.J., K.W.) and Institute of Innovative Drugs, Qingdao University, Qingdao, China (K.W.)
| | - Yu-Xue Liu
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Qingdao University Medical College (X.-F.Z., Y.-X.L., Z.-H.Y., Q.G., L.W., C.J., K.W.) and Institute of Innovative Drugs, Qingdao University, Qingdao, China (K.W.)
| | - Zhi-Hong Yang
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Qingdao University Medical College (X.-F.Z., Y.-X.L., Z.-H.Y., Q.G., L.W., C.J., K.W.) and Institute of Innovative Drugs, Qingdao University, Qingdao, China (K.W.)
| | - Qin Gao
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Qingdao University Medical College (X.-F.Z., Y.-X.L., Z.-H.Y., Q.G., L.W., C.J., K.W.) and Institute of Innovative Drugs, Qingdao University, Qingdao, China (K.W.)
| | - Lei Wang
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Qingdao University Medical College (X.-F.Z., Y.-X.L., Z.-H.Y., Q.G., L.W., C.J., K.W.) and Institute of Innovative Drugs, Qingdao University, Qingdao, China (K.W.)
| | - Chuanxia Ju
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Qingdao University Medical College (X.-F.Z., Y.-X.L., Z.-H.Y., Q.G., L.W., C.J., K.W.) and Institute of Innovative Drugs, Qingdao University, Qingdao, China (K.W.)
| | - KeWei Wang
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Qingdao University Medical College (X.-F.Z., Y.-X.L., Z.-H.Y., Q.G., L.W., C.J., K.W.) and Institute of Innovative Drugs, Qingdao University, Qingdao, China (K.W.)
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3
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Sakanoue W, Yokoyama T, Hirakawa M, Maesawa S, Sato K, Saino T. 3-Iodothyronamine, a trace amine-associated receptor agonist, regulates intracellular Ca2+ increases via CaMK II through Epac2 in rat cerebral arterioles. Biomed Res 2023; 44:219-232. [PMID: 37779034 DOI: 10.2220/biomedres.44.219] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/03/2023]
Abstract
Trace amines (TAs) in the nervous system bind to TA-associated receptors (TAARs) and are involved in the regulation of monoaminergic functions. Among TAAR subtypes, TAAR1 has been implicated in the development of neurological disorders, such as schizophrenia. The present study investigated the effects of the TAAR1 agonist, 3-iodothyronamine (T1AM) on cerebral arterioles using fluctuations in the intracellular concentration of Ca2+ ([Ca2+]i) as an index of contractile responses. In cerebral arterioles, most of the TAAR agonists did not increase [Ca2+]i, while only T1AM elevated [Ca2+]i in vascular smooth muscle cells. This increase involved extracellular Ca2+ influx through T-type Ca2+ channels and inositol trisphosphate- and ryanodine-receptor-mediated Ca2+ release from intracellular stores. The inhibition of the cAMP sensor, exchange protein directly activated by cAMP (Epac) 2, and calmodulin kinase (CaMK) II strongly inhibited Ca2+ elevations. The present study revealed that T1AM acted not only on the TAAR1 receptor as previously suggested, but also on other G-protein coupled receptors and/or signal transduction systems to increase intracellular Ca2+ in cerebral arteriole smooth muscle cells. These results suggest that when using T1AM in clinical practice, attention should be paid to the early rise in blood pressure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wakana Sakanoue
- Division of Dental Anesthesiology, Department of Reconstructive Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, School of Dentistry, Iwate Medical University, Yahaba, Japan
| | - Takuya Yokoyama
- Laboratory of Veterinary Anatomy and Cell Biology, Faculty of Agriculture, Iwate University, Morioka, Japan
| | - Masato Hirakawa
- Department of Anatomy (Cell Biology), Iwate Medical University, Yahaba, Japan
| | - Satsuki Maesawa
- Division of Dental Anesthesiology, Department of Reconstructive Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, School of Dentistry, Iwate Medical University, Yahaba, Japan
| | - Kenichi Sato
- Division of Dental Anesthesiology, Department of Reconstructive Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, School of Dentistry, Iwate Medical University, Yahaba, Japan
| | - Tomoyuki Saino
- Department of Anatomy (Cell Biology), Iwate Medical University, Yahaba, Japan
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An J, Li H, Xia D, Xu B, Wang J, Qiu H, He J. The role of interleukin-17 in epilepsy. Epilepsy Res 2022; 186:107001. [PMID: 35994860 DOI: 10.1016/j.eplepsyres.2022.107001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2022] [Revised: 07/26/2022] [Accepted: 08/11/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Epilepsy is a common neurological disorder that seriously affects human health. It is a chronic central nervous system dysfunction caused by abnormal discharges of neurons. About 50 million patients worldwide are affected by epilepsy. Although epileptic symptoms of most patients are controllable, some patients with refractory epilepsy have no response to antiseizure medications. It is necessary to investigate the pathogenesis of epilepsy and identify new therapeutic targets for refractory epilepsy. Epileptic disorders often accompany cerebral inflammatory reactions. Recently, the role of inflammation in the onset of epilepsy has increasingly attracted attention. The activation of both innate and adaptive immunity plays a significant role in refractory epilepsy. According to several clinical studies, interleukin-17, an essential inflammatory mediator linking innate and adaptive immunity, increased significantly in the body liquid and epileptic focus of patients with epilepsy. Experimental studies also indicated that interleukin-17 participated in epileptogenesis through various mechanisms. This review summarized the current studies about interleukin-17 in epilepsy and aimed at finding new therapeutic targets for refractory epilepsy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiayin An
- Emergency Department, Naval Hospital of Eastern Theater, Zhejiang, China.
| | - He Li
- Emergency Department, Naval Hospital of Eastern Theater, Zhejiang, China.
| | - Demeng Xia
- Emergency Department, Naval Hospital of Eastern Theater, Zhejiang, China; Luodian Clinical Drug Research Center, Shanghai Baoshan Luodian Hospital, Shanghai University, Shanghai, China.
| | - Bin Xu
- Emergency Department, Naval Hospital of Eastern Theater, Zhejiang, China.
| | - Jiayan Wang
- Emergency Department, Naval Hospital of Eastern Theater, Zhejiang, China.
| | - Huahui Qiu
- Zhoushan Hospital, Zhejiang University, Zhoushan, Zhejiang, China.
| | - Jiaojiang He
- Department of Neurosurgery, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Sichuan, China.
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5
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Wang Y, Wei P, Yan F, Luo Y, Zhao G. Animal Models of Epilepsy: A Phenotype-oriented Review. Aging Dis 2022; 13:215-231. [PMID: 35111370 PMCID: PMC8782545 DOI: 10.14336/ad.2021.0723] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2021] [Accepted: 07/23/2021] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Epilepsy is a serious neurological disorder characterized by abnormal, recurrent, and synchronous discharges in the brain. Long-term recurrent seizure attacks can cause serious damage to brain function, which is usually observed in patients with temporal lobe epilepsy. Controlling seizure attacks is vital for the treatment and prognosis of epilepsy. Animal models, such as the kindling model, which was the most widely used model in the past, allow the understanding of the potential epileptogenic mechanisms and selection of antiepileptic drugs. In recent years, various animal models of epilepsy have been established to mimic different seizure types, without clear merits and demerits. Accordingly, this review provides a summary of the views mentioned above, aiming to provide a reference for animal model selection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yilin Wang
- 2Institute of Cerebrovascular Diseases Research and Department of Neurology, Xuanwu Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Penghu Wei
- 1Department of Neurosurgery, Xuanwu Hospital of Capital Medical University, Beijing, China.,4Clinical Research Center for Epilepsy Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Feng Yan
- 2Institute of Cerebrovascular Diseases Research and Department of Neurology, Xuanwu Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Yumin Luo
- 2Institute of Cerebrovascular Diseases Research and Department of Neurology, Xuanwu Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China.,3Beijing Institute for Brain Disorders, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China.,4Clinical Research Center for Epilepsy Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Guoguang Zhao
- 1Department of Neurosurgery, Xuanwu Hospital of Capital Medical University, Beijing, China.,3Beijing Institute for Brain Disorders, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China.,4Clinical Research Center for Epilepsy Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
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Akyuz E, Koklu B, Uner A, Angelopoulou E, Paudel YN. Envisioning the role of inwardly rectifying potassium (Kir) channel in epilepsy. J Neurosci Res 2021; 100:413-443. [PMID: 34713909 DOI: 10.1002/jnr.24985] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2021] [Revised: 09/23/2021] [Accepted: 10/01/2021] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
Abstract
Epilepsy is a devastating neurological disorder characterized by recurrent seizures attributed to the disruption of the dynamic excitatory and inhibitory balance in the brain. Epilepsy has emerged as a global health concern affecting about 70 million people worldwide. Despite recent advances in pre-clinical and clinical research, its etiopathogenesis remains obscure, and there are still no treatment strategies modifying disease progression. Although the precise molecular mechanisms underlying epileptogenesis have not been clarified yet, the role of ion channels as regulators of cellular excitability has increasingly gained attention. In this regard, emerging evidence highlights the potential implication of inwardly rectifying potassium (Kir) channels in epileptogenesis. Kir channels consist of seven different subfamilies (Kir1-Kir7), and they are highly expressed in both neuronal and glial cells in the central nervous system. These channels control the cell volume and excitability. In this review, we discuss preclinical and clinical evidence on the role of the several subfamilies of Kir channels in epileptogenesis, aiming to shed more light on the pathogenesis of this disorder and pave the way for future novel therapeutic approaches.
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Affiliation(s)
- Enes Akyuz
- Faculty of International Medicine, Department of Biophysics, University of Health Sciences, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Betul Koklu
- Faculty of Medicine, Namık Kemal University, Tekirdağ, Turkey
| | - Arda Uner
- Faculty of Medicine, Yozgat Bozok University, Yozgat, Turkey
| | - Efthalia Angelopoulou
- Department of Biological Chemistry, Medical School, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece
| | - Yam Nath Paudel
- Neuropharmacology Research Strength, Jeffrey Cheah School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Monash University Malaysia, Bandar Sunway, Malaysia
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Kessi M, Chen B, Peng J, Yan F, Yang L, Yin F. Calcium channelopathies and intellectual disability: a systematic review. Orphanet J Rare Dis 2021; 16:219. [PMID: 33985586 PMCID: PMC8120735 DOI: 10.1186/s13023-021-01850-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2020] [Accepted: 05/04/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Calcium ions are involved in several human cellular processes including corticogenesis, transcription, and synaptogenesis. Nevertheless, the relationship between calcium channelopathies (CCs) and intellectual disability (ID)/global developmental delay (GDD) has been poorly investigated. We hypothesised that CCs play a major role in the development of ID/GDD and that both gain- and loss-of-function variants of calcium channel genes can induce ID/GDD. As a result, we performed a systematic review to investigate the contribution of CCs, potential mechanisms underlying their involvement in ID/GDD, advancements in cell and animal models, treatments, brain anomalies in patients with CCs, and the existing gaps in the knowledge. We performed a systematic search in PubMed, Embase, ClinVar, OMIM, ClinGen, Gene Reviews, DECIPHER and LOVD databases to search for articles/records published before March 2021. The following search strategies were employed: ID and calcium channel, mental retardation and calcium channel, GDD and calcium channel, developmental delay and calcium channel. MAIN BODY A total of 59 reports describing 159 cases were found in PubMed, Embase, ClinVar, and LOVD databases. Variations in ten calcium channel genes including CACNA1A, CACNA1C, CACNA1I, CACNA1H, CACNA1D, CACNA2D1, CACNA2D2, CACNA1E, CACNA1F, and CACNA1G were found to be associated with ID/GDD. Most variants exhibited gain-of-function effect. Severe to profound ID/GDD was observed more for the cases with gain-of-function variants as compared to those with loss-of-function. CACNA1E, CACNA1G, CACNA1F, CACNA2D2 and CACNA1A associated with more severe phenotype. Furthermore, 157 copy number variations (CNVs) spanning calcium genes were identified in DECIPHER database. The leading genes included CACNA1C, CACNA1A, and CACNA1E. Overall, the underlying mechanisms included gain- and/ or loss-of-function, alteration in kinetics (activation, inactivation) and dominant-negative effects of truncated forms of alpha1 subunits. Forty of the identified cases featured cerebellar atrophy. We identified only a few cell and animal studies that focused on the mechanisms of ID/GDD in relation to CCs. There is a scarcity of studies on treatment options for ID/GDD both in vivo and in vitro. CONCLUSION Our results suggest that CCs play a major role in ID/GDD. While both gain- and loss-of-function variants are associated with ID/GDD, the mechanisms underlying their involvement need further scrutiny.
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Affiliation(s)
- Miriam Kessi
- Department of Pediatrics, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410008, Hunan, China
- Hunan Intellectual and Developmental Disabilities Research Center, Changsha, Hunan, China
- Kilimanjaro Christian Medical University College, Moshi, Tanzania
- Mawenzi Regional Referral Hospital, Moshi, Tanzania
| | - Baiyu Chen
- Department of Pediatrics, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410008, Hunan, China
- Hunan Intellectual and Developmental Disabilities Research Center, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Jing Peng
- Department of Pediatrics, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410008, Hunan, China
- Hunan Intellectual and Developmental Disabilities Research Center, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Fangling Yan
- Department of Pediatrics, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410008, Hunan, China
- Hunan Intellectual and Developmental Disabilities Research Center, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Lifen Yang
- Department of Pediatrics, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410008, Hunan, China
- Hunan Intellectual and Developmental Disabilities Research Center, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Fei Yin
- Department of Pediatrics, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410008, Hunan, China.
- Hunan Intellectual and Developmental Disabilities Research Center, Changsha, Hunan, China.
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Singh S, Singh TG, Rehni AK. An Insight into Molecular Mechanisms and Novel Therapeutic Approaches in Epileptogenesis. CNS & NEUROLOGICAL DISORDERS-DRUG TARGETS 2021; 19:750-779. [PMID: 32914725 DOI: 10.2174/1871527319666200910153827] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2020] [Revised: 07/15/2020] [Accepted: 07/16/2020] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Epilepsy is the second most common neurological disease with abnormal neural activity involving the activation of various intracellular signalling transduction mechanisms. The molecular and system biology mechanisms responsible for epileptogenesis are not well defined or understood. Neuroinflammation, neurodegeneration and Epigenetic modification elicit epileptogenesis. The excessive neuronal activities in the brain are associated with neurochemical changes underlying the deleterious consequences of excitotoxicity. The prolonged repetitive excessive neuronal activities extended to brain tissue injury by the activation of microglia regulating abnormal neuroglia remodelling and monocyte infiltration in response to brain lesions inducing axonal sprouting contributing to neurodegeneration. The alteration of various downstream transduction pathways resulted in intracellular stress responses associating endoplasmic reticulum, mitochondrial and lysosomal dysfunction, activation of nucleases, proteases mediated neuronal death. The recently novel pharmacological agents modulate various receptors like mTOR, COX-2, TRK, JAK-STAT, epigenetic modulators and neurosteroids are used for attenuation of epileptogenesis. Whereas the various molecular changes like the mutation of the cell surface, nuclear receptor and ion channels focusing on repetitive episodic seizures have been explored by preclinical and clinical studies. Despite effective pharmacotherapy for epilepsy, the inadequate understanding of precise mechanisms, drug resistance and therapeutic failure are the current fundamental problems in epilepsy. Therefore, the novel pharmacological approaches evaluated for efficacy on experimental models of epilepsy need to be identified and validated. In addition, we need to understand the downstream signalling pathways of new targets for the treatment of epilepsy. This review emphasizes on the current state of novel molecular targets as therapeutic approaches and future directions for the management of epileptogenesis. Novel pharmacological approaches and clinical exploration are essential to make new frontiers in curing epilepsy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shareen Singh
- Chitkara College of Pharmacy, Chitkara University, Punjab, India
| | | | - Ashish Kumar Rehni
- Cerebral Vascular Disease Research Laboratories, Department of Neurology and Neuroscience Program, University of Miami School of Medicine, Miami, Florida 33101, United States
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Ho SY, Chen IC, Chang KC, Lin HR, Tsai CW, Lin CJ, Liou HH. Equilibrative Nucleoside Transporters-1 Inhibitors Act as Anti-epileptic Agents by Inhibiting Glutamatergic Transmission. Front Neurosci 2020; 14:610898. [PMID: 33390891 PMCID: PMC7773772 DOI: 10.3389/fnins.2020.610898] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2020] [Accepted: 11/30/2020] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Background and Purpose: Adenosine dysregulation is associated with the occurrence of the epilepsy and equilibrative nucleoside transporters-1 (ENT-1) functions as an important regulator of extracellular adenosine in the brain. This study was aimed to prove the anti-epileptic effect of BBB permeable ENT-1 inhibitors, JMF1907 and J4, on animal models of various epilepsy, and the mechanisms that are involved. Experimental Approach: Maximal electroshock seizure (MES), pentylenetetrazol (PTZ)-induced seizure and kindling models were used as mouse models of generalized tonic-clonic epilepsy, generalized myoclonic epilepsy, and partial epilepsy, respectively. The epilepsy frequency, duration, and Racine score were evaluated. Whole-cell recordings were made from the hippocampal dentate granule cells by using a patch-clamp technique in the brain slice of the mice. Key Results: In MES, JMF1907 at a dose of 5 mg kg-1 was efficacious in decreasing hindlimb extension, while J4 did not decrease hindlimb extension until a higher dose (10 mg kg-1). Both JMF1907 and J4 were more potent in lengthening onset latency than ethosuximide (ETH) in PTZ-induced myoclonic epilepsy model, whereas ETH had better effects on the Racine score. In kindling model, JMF1907 and J4 at a dose of 1 mg kg-1 had effects on seizure frequency and duration, and the effects of JMF1907 were comparable with those of carbamazepine. Both JMF1907 and J4 can reduce the glutamatergic spontaneous excitatory post-synaptic currents (sEPSCs) frequency. The maximal inhibition was about 50% for JMF1907 at a concentration of 1 μg L-1, whereas J4 only inhibited 40% of sEPSCs frequency at a dose of 10 μg L-1. Conclusion and Implications: ENT-1 inhibitors, JMF1907 and J4, showed anti-epileptic effects in different epilepsy models and the effects involved pre-synaptic neuronal modulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shih-Yin Ho
- Department of Neurology, National Taiwan University Hospital, College of Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan.,Department of Pharmacology, College of Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - I-Chun Chen
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Kai-Chieh Chang
- Department of Neurology, National Taiwan University Hospital, College of Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan.,National Taiwan University Hospital Yunlin Branch, Douliu, Taiwan
| | - Hsiao-Ru Lin
- School of Pharmacy, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Che-Wen Tsai
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Chun-Jung Lin
- School of Pharmacy, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Horng-Huei Liou
- Department of Neurology, National Taiwan University Hospital, College of Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan.,Department of Pharmacology, College of Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan.,National Taiwan University Hospital Yunlin Branch, Douliu, Taiwan
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10
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Yabuki Y. [Role of T-type Calcium Channels in Regulating Neuronal Function]. YAKUGAKU ZASSHI 2020; 140:1207-1212. [PMID: 32999199 DOI: 10.1248/yakushi.20-00138] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
T-type calcium channels are low-threshold voltage-gated calcium channel and characterized by unique electrophysiological properties such as fast inactivation and slow deactivation kinetics. All subtypes of T-type calcium channel (Cav3.1, 3.2 and 3.3) are widely expressed in the central nerve system, and they have an important role in homeostasis of sleep, pain response, and development of epilepsy. Recently, several reports suggest that T-type calcium channels may mediate neuronal plasticity in the mouse brain. We succeeded to develop T-type calcium channel enhancer ethyl 8'-methyl-2',4-dioxo-2-(piperidin-1-yl)-2'H-spiro[cyclopentane-1,3'-imidazo[1,2-a]pyridine]-2-ene-3-carboxylate (SAK3) which enhances Cav3.1 and 3.3 currents in each-channel expressed neuro2A cells. SAK3 can promote acetylcholine (ACh) release in the mouse hippocampus via enhancing T-type calcium channel. In this review, we have introduced the role of T-type calcium channel, especially Cav3.1 channel in the mouse hippocampus based on our previous data using SAK3 and Cav3.1 knockout mice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yasushi Yabuki
- Department of Pharmacology, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tohoku University
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11
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Lory P, Nicole S, Monteil A. Neuronal Cav3 channelopathies: recent progress and perspectives. Pflugers Arch 2020; 472:831-844. [PMID: 32638069 PMCID: PMC7351805 DOI: 10.1007/s00424-020-02429-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2020] [Revised: 06/08/2020] [Accepted: 06/26/2020] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
T-type, low-voltage activated, calcium channels, now designated Cav3 channels, are involved in a wide variety of physiological functions, especially in nervous systems. Their unique electrophysiological properties allow them to finely regulate neuronal excitability and to contribute to sensory processing, sleep, and hormone and neurotransmitter release. In the last two decades, genetic studies, including exploration of knock-out mouse models, have greatly contributed to elucidate the role of Cav3 channels in normal physiology, their regulation, and their implication in diseases. Mutations in genes encoding Cav3 channels (CACNA1G, CACNA1H, and CACNA1I) have been linked to a variety of neurodevelopmental, neurological, and psychiatric diseases designated here as neuronal Cav3 channelopathies. In this review, we describe and discuss the clinical findings and supporting in vitro and in vivo studies of the mutant channels, with a focus on de novo, gain-of-function missense mutations recently discovered in CACNA1G and CACNA1H. Overall, the studies of the Cav3 channelopathies help deciphering the pathogenic mechanisms of corresponding diseases and better delineate the properties and physiological roles Cav3 channels.
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Affiliation(s)
- Philippe Lory
- Institut de Génomique Fonctionnelle, CNRS, INSERM, University Montpellier, 141, rue de la Cardonille, 34094, Montpellier, France. .,LabEx 'Ion Channel Science and Therapeutics' (ICST), Montpellier, France.
| | - Sophie Nicole
- Institut de Génomique Fonctionnelle, CNRS, INSERM, University Montpellier, 141, rue de la Cardonille, 34094, Montpellier, France.,LabEx 'Ion Channel Science and Therapeutics' (ICST), Montpellier, France
| | - Arnaud Monteil
- Institut de Génomique Fonctionnelle, CNRS, INSERM, University Montpellier, 141, rue de la Cardonille, 34094, Montpellier, France.,LabEx 'Ion Channel Science and Therapeutics' (ICST), Montpellier, France
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12
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Unraveling the mechanism and the risk behind seizure liability of lead compounds in a neuroscience project. J Pharmacol Toxicol Methods 2020; 104:106874. [DOI: 10.1016/j.vascn.2020.106874] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2020] [Revised: 03/20/2020] [Accepted: 05/13/2020] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
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13
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Schneider T, Alpdogan S, Hescheler J, Neumaier F. In vitro and in vivo phosphorylation of the Ca v2.3 voltage-gated R-type calcium channel. Channels (Austin) 2019; 12:326-334. [PMID: 30165790 PMCID: PMC6986797 DOI: 10.1080/19336950.2018.1516984] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
During the recording of whole cell currents from stably transfected HEK-293 cells, the decline of currents carried by the recombinant human Cav2.3+β3 channel subunits is related to adenosine triphosphate (ATP) depletion after rupture of the cells. It reduces the number of functional channels and leads to a progressive shift of voltage-dependent gating to more negative potentials (Neumaier F., et al., 2018). Both effects can be counteracted by hydrolysable ATP, whose protective action is almost completely prevented by inhibition of serine/threonine but not tyrosine or lipid kinases. These findings indicate that ATP promotes phosphorylation of either the channel or an associated protein, whereas dephosphorylation during cell dialysis results in run-down. Protein phosphorylation is required for Cav2.3 channel function and could directly influence the normal features of current carried by these channels. Therefore, results from in vitro and in vivo phosphorylation of Cav2.3 are summarized to come closer to a functional analysis of structural variations in Cav2.3 splice variants.
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Affiliation(s)
- T Schneider
- a Center of Physiology and Pathophysiology , Institute of Neurophysiology , Cologne , Germany
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14
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Inhibition of T-Type calcium channels in mEC layer II stellate neurons reduces neuronal hyperexcitability associated with epilepsy. Epilepsy Res 2019; 154:132-138. [PMID: 31132598 DOI: 10.1016/j.eplepsyres.2019.05.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2019] [Revised: 05/01/2019] [Accepted: 05/07/2019] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
Abstract
Temporal lobe epilepsy (TLE) is a form of adult epilepsy involving the entorhinal cortex (EC). Layer II neurons of the medial EC (mEC) are spared and become hyperexcitable in TLE. Studies have suggested a role for T-type calcium channels (T-type Ca2+ channels) in facilitating increases in neuronal activity associated with TLE within the hippocampus. We sought to determine if T-type Ca2+ channels play a role in facilitating neuronal hyperexcitability of layer II mEC stellate neurons in TLE. TLE was induced in rats by electrical stimulation of the hippocampus to induce status epilepticus (SE). Brain slices were prepared from rats exhibiting spontaneous seizures and compared with age-matched control rats. Action potentials (APs) were evoked either by current injection steps or via presynaptic stimulation of mEC deep layers. The selective T-type Ca2+ channel antagonist, TTA-P2 (1 μM), was applied to determine the role of T-type Ca2+ channels in maintaining neuronal excitability. Quantitative PCR techniques were used to assess T-type Ca2+ channel isoform mRNA levels within the mEC layer II. TLE mEC layer II stellate neurons were hyperexcitable compared to control neurons, evoking a higher frequency of APs and generating bursts of APs when synaptically stimulated. TTA-P2 (1 μM) reduced firing frequencies in TLE and control neurons and reduced AP burst firing in TLE stellate neurons. TTA-P2 had little effect on synaptically evoked AP's in control neurons. TTA-P2 also inhibited rebound APs evoked in TLE neurons to a greater degree than in control neurons. TLE tissue had almost a 3-fold increase in Cav3.1 mRNA compared to controls. Cav3.2 or Cav3.3 levels were unchanged. These findings support a role for T-type Ca2+ channel in establishing neuronal hyperexcitability of mEC layer II stellate neurons in TLE. Increased expression of Cav3.1 may be important for establishing neuronal hyperexcitability of mEC layer II neurons in TLE.
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15
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Visa A, Shaikh S, Alza L, Herreros J, Cantí C. The Hard-To-Close Window of T-Type Calcium Channels. Trends Mol Med 2019; 25:571-584. [PMID: 31031178 DOI: 10.1016/j.molmed.2019.03.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2018] [Revised: 03/04/2019] [Accepted: 03/06/2019] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
T-Type calcium channels (TTCCs) are key regulators of membrane excitability, which is the reason why TTCC pharmacology is subject to intensive research in the neurological and cardiovascular fields. TTCCs also play a role in cancer physiology, and pharmacological blockers such as tetralols and dihydroquinazolines (DHQs) reduce the viability of cancer cells in vitro and slow tumor growth in murine xenografts. However, the available compounds are better suited to blocking TTCCs in excitable membranes rather than TTCCs contributing window currents at steady potentials. Consistently, tetralols and dihydroquinazolines exhibit cytostatic/cytotoxic activities at higher concentrations than those required for TTCC blockade, which may involve off-target effects. Gene silencing experiments highlight the targetability of TTCCs, but further pharmacological research is required for TTCC blockade to become a chemotherapeutic option.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna Visa
- Laboratory of Calcium Cell Signaling, IRBLleida-Universitat de Lleida, Rovira Roure, 80, 25198-Lleida, Spain
| | - Soni Shaikh
- Laboratory of Calcium Cell Signaling, IRBLleida-Universitat de Lleida, Rovira Roure, 80, 25198-Lleida, Spain
| | - Lía Alza
- Laboratory of Calcium Cell Signaling, IRBLleida-Universitat de Lleida, Rovira Roure, 80, 25198-Lleida, Spain
| | - Judit Herreros
- Laboratory of Calcium Cell Signaling, IRBLleida-Universitat de Lleida, Rovira Roure, 80, 25198-Lleida, Spain
| | - Carles Cantí
- Laboratory of Calcium Cell Signaling, IRBLleida-Universitat de Lleida, Rovira Roure, 80, 25198-Lleida, Spain.
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16
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Arbabi Jahan A, Rad A, Ghanbarabadi M, Amin B, Mohammad-Zadeh M. The role of serotonin and its receptors on the anticonvulsant effect of curcumin in pentylenetetrazol-induced seizures. Life Sci 2018; 211:252-260. [PMID: 30243647 DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2018.09.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2018] [Revised: 08/08/2018] [Accepted: 09/03/2018] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
AIM Curcumin, derived from turmeric, has been demonstrated to be effective in controlling seizures, although the exact mechanism is yet unknown. In this study, the role of serotonin and its receptors in the anticonvulsant effect of curcumin was evaluated in mice. MAIN METHODS Total 110 mice were randomly divided into 11 groups (n = 10). In the first to the fourth groups, the role of curcumin (150 mg/kg, i.p) and serotonin (PCPA (100 mg/kg); was used to deplete the brain serotonin levels) was investigated. The fifth group first received NAD-299 (4 mg/kg, sc), RS-102221 (5 mg/kg, i.p), SDZ205-557 Hydrochloride (1 mg/kg, i.p), and SB 26997 (10 mg/kg, i.p), then curcumin. The sixth group received NAD-299, curcumin. The animals in the seventh to ninth groups received 5-HT2C, 5-HT4, and 5-HT7 antagonists, respectively, with curcumin. The tenth group received HTR2C antagonist and the eleventh group received HTR4 antagonist. In all animals 25 min after curcumin PTZ (80 mg/kg; i.p) was injected. KEY FINDINGS PCPA not only inhibited the anticonvulsant action of curcumin, but also reversed some of its anticonvulsant effect. The 5-HT1A, 5-HT2C and 5-HT4 antagonists diminished but 5-HT7 antagonist strengthened the anticonvulsant effect of curcumin. Evaluation of gene expression using real-time PCR confirmed that only 5-HT7 gene expression was reduced after curcumin injection. SIGNIFICANCE According to these results, it may be suggested that curcumin exerts anticonvulsive effects by increasing the serotonin levels in the brain that influence receptors, including 5-HT1A, 5-HT2C, and 5-HT4 and likely through the reduction of 5-HT7 gene expression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ahmad Arbabi Jahan
- Student Research Committee, Sabzevar University of Medical Sciences, Sabzevar, Iran; Cellular and Molecular Research Center, Sabzevar University of Medical Sciences, Sabzevar, Iran
| | - Abolfazl Rad
- Cellular and Molecular Research Center, Sabzevar University of Medical Sciences, Sabzevar, Iran
| | - Mustafa Ghanbarabadi
- Cellular and Molecular Research Center, Sabzevar University of Medical Sciences, Sabzevar, Iran
| | - Bahareh Amin
- Cellular and Molecular Research Center, Sabzevar University of Medical Sciences, Sabzevar, Iran; Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Sabzevar University of Medical Sciences, Sabzevar, Iran
| | - Mohammad Mohammad-Zadeh
- Cellular and Molecular Research Center, Sabzevar University of Medical Sciences, Sabzevar, Iran; Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Sabzevar University of Medical Sciences, Sabzevar, Iran; Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, 9177948564, Mashhad, Iran.
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17
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Masicampo ML, Shan HQ, Xu V, Speagle M, Godwin DW. Selective Blockade of T-Type Ca2+ Channels is Protective Against Alcohol-Withdrawal Induced Seizure and Mortality. Alcohol Alcohol 2018; 53:526-531. [PMID: 29912275 DOI: 10.1093/alcalc/agy042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2018] [Accepted: 06/04/2018] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
AIMS We have previously demonstrated that blockade of T-type calcium channels by the non-selective antagonist, ethosuximide (ETX), is effective at reducing electrographical and behavioral correlates of alcohol-withdrawal (WD) seizure. Here, we investigated whether blockade of these calcium channels with the selective antagonist TTA-P2 also reduces alcohol-WD seizure. SHORT SUMMARY The non-specific T-type calcium channel antagonist, ETX, is protective against alcohol-WD seizure. However, the mechanism of this effect is unclear. Here, we provide evidence that further suggests selective blockade of T-type calcium channels are protective against alcohol-WD seizure and WD-related mortality. METHODS We used an intermittent ethanol exposure model to produce WD-induced hyperexcitability in DBA/2 J mice. Seizure severity was intensified with the chemoconvulsant pentylenetetrazole (PTZ). RESULTS TTA-P2 (10 mg/kg) reduced seizure severity in mice undergoing alcohol WD with concurrent PTZ treatment (20 mg/kg). Moreover, TTA-P2 (20 and 40 mg/kg) was also protective against PTZ-induced (40 mg/kg) seizure and mortality. CONCLUSIONS These results are consistent with prior results using ETX, and suggest that the protective effects of ETX and TTA-P2 against EtOH WD seizures are mediated by T-type calcium channels.
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Affiliation(s)
- Melissa L Masicampo
- Department of Neurobiology and Anatomy, Wake Forest University School of Medicine, 1 Medical Center Boulevard, Winston-Salem, NC, USA.,Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Wake Forest School of Medicine, 1 Medical Center Boulevard, Winston-Salem, NC, USA
| | - Hong Qu Shan
- Department of Neurobiology and Anatomy, Wake Forest University School of Medicine, 1 Medical Center Boulevard, Winston-Salem, NC, USA
| | - Victoria Xu
- Department of Neurobiology and Anatomy, Wake Forest University School of Medicine, 1 Medical Center Boulevard, Winston-Salem, NC, USA
| | - Merritt Speagle
- Department of Neurobiology and Anatomy, Wake Forest University School of Medicine, 1 Medical Center Boulevard, Winston-Salem, NC, USA
| | - Dwayne W Godwin
- Department of Neurobiology and Anatomy, Wake Forest University School of Medicine, 1 Medical Center Boulevard, Winston-Salem, NC, USA.,Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Wake Forest School of Medicine, 1 Medical Center Boulevard, Winston-Salem, NC, USA
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18
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Modulation of T-type Ca2+ channels by Lavender and Rosemary extracts. PLoS One 2017; 12:e0186864. [PMID: 29073181 PMCID: PMC5658086 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0186864] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2017] [Accepted: 10/09/2017] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Medicinal plants represent a significant reservoir of unexplored substances for early-stage drug discovery. Of interest, two flowering Mediterranean plants have been used for thousands of years for their beneficial effects on nervous disorders, including anxiety and mood. However, the therapeutic potential of these plants regarding their ability to target ion channels and neuronal excitability remains largely unknown. Towards this goal, we have investigated the ability of Lavender and Rosemary to modulate T-type calcium channels (TTCCs). TTCCs play important roles in neuronal excitability, neuroprotection, sensory processes and sleep. These channels are also involved in epilepsy and pain. Using the whole-cell patch-clamp technique, we have characterized how Lavender and Rosemary extracts, as well as their major active compounds Linalool and Rosmarinic acid, modulate the electrophysiological properties of recombinant TTCCs (CaV3.2) expressed in HEK-293T cells. Both the methanolic and essential oil extracts as well as the active compounds of these plants inhibit Cav3.2 current in a concentration-dependent manner. In addition, these products also induce a negative shift of the steady-state inactivation of CaV3.2 current with no change in the activation properties. Taken together, our findings reveal that TTCCs are a molecular target of the Lavender and Rosemary compounds, suggesting that inhibition of TTCCs could contribute to the anxiolytic and the neuroprotective effects of these plants.
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19
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Cain SM, Ahn S, Garcia E, Zhang Y, Waheed Z, Tyson JR, Yang Y, Van Sung T, Phillips AG, Snutch TP. Heantos-4, a natural plant extract used in the treatment of drug addiction, modulates T-type calcium channels and thalamocortical burst-firing. Mol Brain 2016; 9:94. [PMID: 27919294 PMCID: PMC5139062 DOI: 10.1186/s13041-016-0274-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2016] [Accepted: 11/21/2016] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Heantos-4 is a refined combination of plant extracts currently approved to treat opiate addiction in Vietnam. In addition to its beneficial effects on withdrawal and prevention of relapse, reports of sedation during clinical treatment suggest that arousal networks in the brain may be recruited during Heantos administration. T-type calcium channels are implicated in the generation of sleep rhythms and in this study we examined whether a Heantos-4 extraction modulates T-type calcium channel currents generated by the Cav3.1, Cav3.2 and Ca3.3 subtypes. Utilizing whole-cell voltage clamp on exogenously expressed T-type calcium channels we find that Heantos inhibits Cav3.1 and Cav3.3 currents, while selectively potentiating Cav3.2 currents. We further examined the effects of Heantos-4 extract on low-threshold burst-firing in thalamic neurons which contribute to sleep oscillations. Using whole-cell current clamp in acute thalamic brain slices Heantos-4 suppressed rebound burst-firing in ventrobasal thalamocortical neurons, which express primarily Cav3.1 channels. Conversely, Heantos-4 had no significant effect on the burst-firing properties of thalamic reticular neurons, which express a mixed population of Cav3.2 and Cav3.3 channels. Examining Heantos-4 effects following oral administration in a model of absence epilepsy revealed the potential to exacerbate seizure activity. Together, the findings indicate that Heantos-4 has selective effects both on specific T-type calcium channel isoforms and distinct populations of thalamic neurons providing a putative mechanism underlying its effects on sedation and on the thalamocortical network.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stuart M Cain
- Michael Smith Laboratories and Djavad Mowafaghian Centre for Brain Health, University of British Columbia, 219-2185 East Mall, Vancouver, BC, V6T 1Z4, Canada
| | - Soyon Ahn
- Department of Psychiatry, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada
| | - Esperanza Garcia
- Michael Smith Laboratories and Djavad Mowafaghian Centre for Brain Health, University of British Columbia, 219-2185 East Mall, Vancouver, BC, V6T 1Z4, Canada
| | - Yiming Zhang
- Michael Smith Laboratories and Djavad Mowafaghian Centre for Brain Health, University of British Columbia, 219-2185 East Mall, Vancouver, BC, V6T 1Z4, Canada
| | - Zeina Waheed
- Michael Smith Laboratories and Djavad Mowafaghian Centre for Brain Health, University of British Columbia, 219-2185 East Mall, Vancouver, BC, V6T 1Z4, Canada
| | - John R Tyson
- Michael Smith Laboratories and Djavad Mowafaghian Centre for Brain Health, University of British Columbia, 219-2185 East Mall, Vancouver, BC, V6T 1Z4, Canada
| | - Yi Yang
- Michael Smith Laboratories and Djavad Mowafaghian Centre for Brain Health, University of British Columbia, 219-2185 East Mall, Vancouver, BC, V6T 1Z4, Canada
| | - Tran Van Sung
- Institute of Chemistry, Vietnam Academy of Science and Technology, Hanoi, Vietnam
| | - Anthony G Phillips
- Department of Psychiatry, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada
| | - Terrance P Snutch
- Michael Smith Laboratories and Djavad Mowafaghian Centre for Brain Health, University of British Columbia, 219-2185 East Mall, Vancouver, BC, V6T 1Z4, Canada. .,Department of Psychiatry, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada.
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20
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Siegrist R, Pozzi D, Jacob G, Torrisi C, Colas K, Braibant B, Mawet J, Pfeifer T, de Kanter R, Roch C, Kessler M, Corminboeuf O, Bezençon O. Structure–Activity Relationship, Drug Metabolism and Pharmacokinetics Properties Optimization, and in Vivo Studies of New Brain Penetrant Triple T-Type Calcium Channel Blockers. J Med Chem 2016; 59:10661-10675. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.jmedchem.6b01356] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Romain Siegrist
- Drug Discovery Chemistry,
Biology and Pharmacology, Actelion Pharmaceuticals Ltd., Gewerbestrasse
16, CH-4123 Allschwil, Switzerland
| | - Davide Pozzi
- Drug Discovery Chemistry,
Biology and Pharmacology, Actelion Pharmaceuticals Ltd., Gewerbestrasse
16, CH-4123 Allschwil, Switzerland
| | - Gaël Jacob
- Drug Discovery Chemistry,
Biology and Pharmacology, Actelion Pharmaceuticals Ltd., Gewerbestrasse
16, CH-4123 Allschwil, Switzerland
| | - Caterina Torrisi
- Drug Discovery Chemistry,
Biology and Pharmacology, Actelion Pharmaceuticals Ltd., Gewerbestrasse
16, CH-4123 Allschwil, Switzerland
| | - Kilian Colas
- Drug Discovery Chemistry,
Biology and Pharmacology, Actelion Pharmaceuticals Ltd., Gewerbestrasse
16, CH-4123 Allschwil, Switzerland
| | - Bertrand Braibant
- Drug Discovery Chemistry,
Biology and Pharmacology, Actelion Pharmaceuticals Ltd., Gewerbestrasse
16, CH-4123 Allschwil, Switzerland
| | - Jacques Mawet
- Drug Discovery Chemistry,
Biology and Pharmacology, Actelion Pharmaceuticals Ltd., Gewerbestrasse
16, CH-4123 Allschwil, Switzerland
| | - Thomas Pfeifer
- Drug Discovery Chemistry,
Biology and Pharmacology, Actelion Pharmaceuticals Ltd., Gewerbestrasse
16, CH-4123 Allschwil, Switzerland
| | - Ruben de Kanter
- Drug Discovery Chemistry,
Biology and Pharmacology, Actelion Pharmaceuticals Ltd., Gewerbestrasse
16, CH-4123 Allschwil, Switzerland
| | - Catherine Roch
- Drug Discovery Chemistry,
Biology and Pharmacology, Actelion Pharmaceuticals Ltd., Gewerbestrasse
16, CH-4123 Allschwil, Switzerland
| | - Melanie Kessler
- Drug Discovery Chemistry,
Biology and Pharmacology, Actelion Pharmaceuticals Ltd., Gewerbestrasse
16, CH-4123 Allschwil, Switzerland
| | - Olivier Corminboeuf
- Drug Discovery Chemistry,
Biology and Pharmacology, Actelion Pharmaceuticals Ltd., Gewerbestrasse
16, CH-4123 Allschwil, Switzerland
| | - Olivier Bezençon
- Drug Discovery Chemistry,
Biology and Pharmacology, Actelion Pharmaceuticals Ltd., Gewerbestrasse
16, CH-4123 Allschwil, Switzerland
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21
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Calhoun JD, Hawkins NA, Zachwieja NJ, Kearney JA. Cacna1g is a genetic modifier of epilepsy caused by mutation of voltage-gated sodium channel Scn2a. Epilepsia 2016; 57:e103-7. [PMID: 27112236 DOI: 10.1111/epi.13390] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 03/28/2016] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
More than 1,200 mutations in neuronal voltage-gated sodium channel (VGSC) genes have been identified in patients with several epilepsy syndromes. A common feature of genetic epilepsies is variable expressivity among individuals with the same mutation. The Scn2a(Q54) transgenic mouse model has a mutation in Scn2a that results in spontaneous epilepsy. Scn2a(Q54) phenotype severity varies depending on the genetic strain background, making it a useful model for identifying and characterizing epilepsy modifier genes. Scn2a(Q54) mice on the [C57BL/6JxSJL/J]F1 background exhibit earlier seizure onset, elevated spontaneous seizure frequency, and decreased survival compared to Scn2a(Q54) mice congenic on the C57BL/6J strain. Genetic mapping and RNA-Seq analysis identified Cacna1g as a candidate modifier gene at the Moe1 locus, which influences Scn2a(Q54) phenotype severity. In this study, we evaluated the modifier potential of Cacna1g, encoding the Cav3.1 voltage-gated calcium channel, by testing whether transgenic alteration of Cacna1g expression modifies severity of the Scn2a(Q54) seizure phenotype. Scn2a(Q54) mice exhibited increased spontaneous seizure frequency with elevated Cacna1g expression and decreased seizure frequency with decreased Cacna1g expression. These results provide support for Cacna1g as an epilepsy modifier gene and suggest that modulation of Cav3.1 may be an effective therapeutic strategy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jeffrey D Calhoun
- Department of Pharmacology, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Illinois, U.S.A.,Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, Tennessee, U.S.A
| | - Nicole A Hawkins
- Department of Pharmacology, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Illinois, U.S.A.,Neuroscience Program, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, Tennessee, U.S.A
| | - Nicole J Zachwieja
- Department of Pharmacology, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Illinois, U.S.A
| | - Jennifer A Kearney
- Department of Pharmacology, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Illinois, U.S.A.,Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, Tennessee, U.S.A
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22
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Therapeutic potential of RQ-00311651, a novel T-type Ca2+ channel blocker, in distinct rodent models for neuropathic and visceral pain. Pain 2016; 157:1655-1665. [DOI: 10.1097/j.pain.0000000000000565] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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