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Wang T, Zeng J, Huang W, Xiong X, Su L. Right thalamic volume mediates impact of the dopamine beta-hydroxylase gene on the endowment effect. Behav Brain Res 2024; 469:115050. [PMID: 38761858 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbr.2024.115050] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2023] [Revised: 04/24/2024] [Accepted: 05/15/2024] [Indexed: 05/20/2024]
Abstract
The endowment effect is a tendency that individuals overvalue items belonging to them relative to those items that do not. Previous studies showed a strong relation between the dopamine beta-hydroxylase (DBH) gene and the endowment effect (EE), and a link between EE and task-based functional MRI activation in multiple brain regions. However, the role of brain structure on EE remains unclear. In this study, we have explored whether regional brain volume mediate the effect of the DBH gene on EE. Results showed that rs1611115, single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) at DBH loci, were significantly associated with right thalamus volume and the endowment effect in males but not in female participants. Specifically, male DBH rs1611115 T-carriers had larger right thalamus volume compared to carriers of CC genotype and exhibited a greater endowment effect. Importantly, we found that right thalamus volume mediated the effect of rs1611115 on the endowment effect in male participants. This study demonstrated how thalamic volume plays an important mediating role between genetics and decision-making in humans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tao Wang
- Sino-Britain Centre for Cognition and Ageing Research, Faculty of Psychology, Southwest University, Beibei District, Chongqing 400715, China
| | - Jianmin Zeng
- Sino-Britain Centre for Cognition and Ageing Research, Faculty of Psychology, Southwest University, Beibei District, Chongqing 400715, China.
| | - Weijie Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Cognitive Neuroscience and Learning, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, China; Department of Neuroscience, Neuroscience Institute, Insigneo Institute for in silico Medicine, University of Sheffield, Sheffield S10 2HQ, United Kingdom
| | - Xiong Xiong
- Department of Neuroscience, Neuroscience Institute, Insigneo Institute for in silico Medicine, University of Sheffield, Sheffield S10 2HQ, United Kingdom
| | - Li Su
- Department of Neuroscience, Neuroscience Institute, Insigneo Institute for in silico Medicine, University of Sheffield, Sheffield S10 2HQ, United Kingdom; Department of Psychiatry, School of Clinical Medicine, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB2 0SZ, United Kingdom.
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2
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Sprague BN, Rosso AL, Zhu X, Bohnen NI, Rosano C. Catechol-O-methyltransferase (COMT) polymorphism predicts rapid gait speed changes in healthy older adults. J Am Geriatr Soc 2021; 69:3194-3202. [PMID: 34231207 DOI: 10.1111/jgs.17351] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2020] [Revised: 05/31/2021] [Accepted: 06/08/2021] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
IMPORTANCE Adapting one's gait speed to external circumstances is critical for safe ambulation. Dopamine (DA), critical for adapting to increased task demands, predicts usual gait speed and may exert a greater role in complex tasks like rapid gait speed. OBJECTIVE We hypothesized that a genotypic proxy indicator of greater prefrontal DA signaling would predict significantly faster rapid gait. DESIGN Longitudinal cohort study over 8 years. SETTING Community-dwelling adults with no baseline mobility disability. PARTICIPANTS N = 2353 participants from the Health ABC Study. MEASUREMENTS Repeated measures of walking speed (meters/sec) were obtained in response to: "walk as fast as possible… (rapid gait) or "walk at your usual pace (usual gait)." Catechol-O-methyltransferase (COMT) val158met polymorphism indicated DA signaling (val/val = higher metabolism, lower DA signaling; met/met = lower metabolism, higher DA signaling). RESULTS Participants declined in rapid gait from 1.55 (SD = 0.33) to 1.35 m/s (SD = 0.34). Across the full follow-up period, the met/met genotype was associated with significantly greater rapid gait slowing. In mixed effect models, between-group differences were independent of covariates, and remained similar after adjustment for sensorimotor function, cognition, depressive symptoms, and energy. Follow-up analyses indicated the met/met genotype had a significantly faster rapid gait speed compared to the val/val genotype for the first 3 years (p < 0.01) but not years 4-8 (p > 0.05). CONCLUSION Greater prefrontal DA measured with COMT polymorphism may facilitate short-term adaptation to rapid walking demands that are lost over time. Studies should examine whether these effects are long-term and the underlying mechanistic pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Briana N Sprague
- Department of Epidemiology, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Andrea L Rosso
- Department of Epidemiology, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Xiaonan Zhu
- Department of Epidemiology, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Nicolaas I Bohnen
- Department of Radiology and Neurology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA.,Ann Arbor VAMC, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA
| | - Caterina Rosano
- Department of Epidemiology, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA
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Rosano C, Metti AL, Rosso AL, Studenski S, Bohnen NI. Influence of Striatal Dopamine, Cerebral Small Vessel Disease, and Other Risk Factors on Age-Related Parkinsonian Motor Signs. J Gerontol A Biol Sci Med Sci 2021; 75:696-701. [PMID: 31425570 DOI: 10.1093/gerona/glz161] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2018] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Parkinsonian motor signs are common and disabling in older adults without Parkinson's disease (PD), but its risk factors are not completely understood. We assessed the influence of striatal dopamine levels, cerebral small vessel disease, and other factors on age-related parkinsonian motor signs in non-PD adults. METHODS Striatal dopamine transporter (DAT) binding was quantified via [11C]-CFT positron emission tomography in 87 neurologically intact adults (20-85 years, 57.47% female) with concurrent data on: Unified Parkinson's Disease Rating Scale motor (UPDRSm), white matter hyperintensities (WMH), and other risk factors (grip strength, vibratory sensitivity, cardio- and cerebro-vascular comorbidities). Sex-adjusted nonparametric models first estimated the associations of age, DAT, WMH, and other factors with UPDRSm; next, interactions of age by DAT, WMH, or other factors were tested. To quantify the influence of DAT, WMH, and other risk factors on the main association of age with UPDRSm, multivariable mediation models with bootstrapped confidence intervals (CI) were used. RESULTS Older age, lower DAT, higher WMH, and worse risk factors significantly predicted worse UPDRSm (sex-adjusted p < .04 for all). DAT, but not WMH or other factors, positively and significantly interacted with age (p = .02). DAT significantly reduced the age-UPDRSm association by 30% (results of fully adjusted mediation model: indirect effect: 0.027; bootstrapped 95% CI: 0.0007, 0.074). CONCLUSIONS Striatal dopamine appears to influence to some extent the relationship between age and parkinsonian signs. However, much of the variance of parkinsonian signs appears unexplained. Longitudinal studies to elucidate the multifactorial causes of this common condition of older age are warranted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Caterina Rosano
- Department of Epidemiology, Graduate School of Public Health, Pennsylvania
| | - Andrea L Metti
- Department of Epidemiology, Graduate School of Public Health, Pennsylvania
| | - Andrea L Rosso
- Department of Epidemiology, Graduate School of Public Health, Pennsylvania
| | - Stephanie Studenski
- Department of Geriatric Medicine, School of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
| | - Nicolaas I Bohnen
- Departments of Radiology, Neurology and Division of Nuclear Medicine and Department of Veterans Affairs, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor
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4
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Task Feedback Processing Differs Between Young and Older Adults in Visuomotor Rotation Learning Despite Similar Initial Adaptation and Savings. Neuroscience 2020; 451:79-98. [PMID: 33002556 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroscience.2020.09.038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2019] [Revised: 09/15/2020] [Accepted: 09/17/2020] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Ageing has been suggested to affect sensorimotor adaptation by impairing explicit strategy use. Here we recorded electrophysiological (EEG) responses during visuomotor rotation in both young (n = 24) and older adults (n = 25), to investigate the neural processes that underpin putative age-related effects on adaptation. We measured the feedback related negativity (FRN) and the P3 in response to task-feedback, as electrophysiological markers of task error processing and outcome evaluation. The two age groups adapted similarly and showed comparable after effects and savings when re-exposed to the same perturbation several days after the initial session. Older adults, however, had less distinct EEG responses (i.e., reduced FRN amplitudes) to negative and positive task feedback. The P3 did not differ between age groups. Both young and older adults also showed a sustained late positivity following task feedback. Measured at the frontal electrode Fz, this sustained activity was negatively associated with both the amount of voluntary disengagement of explicit strategy and savings. In conclusion, despite preserved task performance, we find clear differences in neural responses to errors in older people, which suggests that there is a fundamental decline in this aspect of sensorimotor brain function with age.
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Vachon CM, Modchalingam S, ‘t Hart BM, Henriques DYP. The effect of age on visuomotor learning processes. PLoS One 2020; 15:e0239032. [PMID: 32925937 PMCID: PMC7489529 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0239032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2019] [Accepted: 08/31/2020] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Knowing where our limbs are in space is essential for moving and for adapting movements to various changes in our environments and bodies. The ability to adapt movements declines with age, and age-related cognitive decline can explain a decreased ability to adopt and deploy explicit, cognitive strategies in motor learning. Age-related sensory decline could also lead to a reduced fidelity of sensory position signals and error signals, each of which can affect implicit motor adaptation. Here we investigate two estimates of limb position; one based on proprioception, the other on predicted sensory consequences of movements. Each is considered a measure of an implicit adaptation process and may be affected by both age and cognitive strategies. Both older (n = 38) and younger (n = 42) adults adapted to a 30° visuomotor rotation in a centre-out reaching task. We make an explicit, cognitive strategy available to half of participants in each age group with a detailed instruction. After training, we first quantify the explicit learning elicited by instruction. Instructed older adults initially use the provided strategy slightly less than younger adults but show a similar ability to evoke it after training. This indicates that cognitive explanations for age-related decline in motor learning are limited. In contrast, training induced much larger shifts of state estimates of hand location in older adults compared to younger adults. This is not modulated by strategy instructions, and appears driven by recalibrated proprioception, which is almost twice as large in older adults, while predictions might not be updated in older adults. This means that in healthy aging, some implicit processes may be compensating for other changes to maintain motor capabilities, while others also show age-related decline (data: https://osf.io/qzhmy).
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Affiliation(s)
- Chad Michael Vachon
- Centre for Vision Research, York University, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
- Department of Psychology, York University, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Shanaathanan Modchalingam
- Centre for Vision Research, York University, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
- School of Kinesiology and Health Science, York University, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | | | - Denise Y. P. Henriques
- Centre for Vision Research, York University, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
- Department of Psychology, York University, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
- School of Kinesiology and Health Science, York University, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
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6
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WORLEY GORDON, ERICKSON STEPHENW, GUSTAFSON KATHRYNE, NIKOLOVA YULIYAS, ASHLEY-KOCH ALLISONE, BELSKY DANIELW, GOLDSTEIN RICKIF, LEVY JOSHUAL, MCDONALD SCOTTA, PAGE GRIERP, COTTEN CMICHAEL. Genetic variation in dopamine neurotransmission and motor development of infants born extremely-low-birthweight. Dev Med Child Neurol 2020; 62:750-757. [PMID: 31691959 PMCID: PMC7200269 DOI: 10.1111/dmcn.14383] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 09/11/2019] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
AIM To determine if genetic variation associated with decreased dopamine neurotransmission predicts a decrease in motor development in a convenience cohort study of infants born extremely-low-birthweight (ELBW). METHOD Four hundred and ninety-eight infants born ELBW had genome-wide genotyping and a neurodevelopmental evaluation at 18 to 22 months of age, corrected for preterm birth. A polygenic risk score (PRS) was created to combine into one predictor variable the hypothesized influences on motor development of alleles at seven independent single nucleotide polymorphisms previously associated with relative decreases in both dopamine neurotransmission and motor learning, by summing the number of alleles present in each infant (range=0-14). The motor development outcome was the Psychomotor Development Index (PDI) of the Bayley Scales of Infant Development, Second Edition. The linear regression models were adjusted for seven clinical and four genetic ancestry covariates. The mean PRS of infants with cerebral palsy (CP) was compared to those without CP. RESULTS PRS was inversely related to PDI (p=0.011). Each 1-point increase in PRS resulted in an average decrease in PDI of 1.37 points. Patients with CP did not have a greater mean PRS than those without (p=0.67), both with and without adjustment for covariates. INTERPRETATION Genetic variation that favors a decrease in dopamine neurotransmission predisposes to a decrease in motor development in infants born ELBW, but not to the diagnosis of CP. WHAT THIS PAPER ADDS Genetic variation in dopamine neurotransmission was associated with a decrease in motor development in infants born at an extremely-low-birthweight. It does not predispose to the diagnosis of cerebral palsy.
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Affiliation(s)
- GORDON WORLEY
- Division of Pediatric Neurology and Developmental Medicine, Department of Pediatrics, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, N.C. U.SA
| | - STEPHEN W ERICKSON
- Social, Statistical and Environmental Sciences, RTI International, Research Triangle Park, N.C., U.S.A
| | - KATHRYN E GUSTAFSON
- Division of Neonatology, Department of Pediatrics, Duke University Medical Center, Durham N.C., U.S.A
| | - YULIYA S NIKOLOVA
- Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - ALLISON E ASHLEY-KOCH
- Duke Molecular Physiology Institute, Department of Medicine, Duke University Medical Center, Durham N.C., U.S.A
| | - DANIEL W BELSKY
- Department of Population Health Sciences, Duke University, Durham N.C., U.S.A
| | - RICKI F GOLDSTEIN
- Division of Neonatology, Department of Pediatrics, Kentucky Children’s Hospital, University of Kentucky Chandler Medical Center, Lexington, K.Y., U.S.A
| | - JOSHUA L LEVY
- Social, Statistical and Environmental Sciences, RTI International, Research Triangle Park, N.C., U.S.A
| | - SCOTT A MCDONALD
- Social, Statistical and Environmental Sciences, RTI International, Research Triangle Park, N.C., U.S.A
| | - GRIER P PAGE
- Social, Statistical and Environmental Sciences, RTI International, Research Triangle Park, N.C., U.S.A
| | - C MICHAEL COTTEN
- Division of Neonatology, Department of Pediatrics, Duke University Medical Center, Durham N.C., U.S.A
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7
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Nogueira NGDHM, Miranda DMD, Albuquerque MR, Ferreira BDP, Batista MTS, Parma JO, Apolinário-Souza T, Bicalho LEA, Ugrinowitsch H, Lage GM. Motor learning and COMT Val158met polymorphism: Analyses of oculomotor behavior and corticocortical communication. Neurobiol Learn Mem 2020; 168:107157. [PMID: 31927084 DOI: 10.1016/j.nlm.2020.107157] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2019] [Revised: 12/03/2019] [Accepted: 01/03/2020] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
Abstract
Differences in motor learning can be partially explained by differences in genotype. The catechol-O-methyltransferase (COMT) Val158Met polymorphism regulates the dopamine (DA) availability in the prefrontal cortex modulating motor learning and performance. Given the differences in tonic and phasic DA transmission, this study aimed to investigate whether the greater cognitive flexibility associated with the Val allele would favor the learning of movement parametrization, while the greater cognitive stability associated with the Met allele favors the acquisition of the movement pattern. Furthermore, we investigated if the genotypic characteristics impact visual scanning of information related to parametrization and to the movement pattern, and the level of cortical connectivity associated with motor planning and control. Performance and learning of a sequential motor task were compared among three genotypes (Val/Val, Val/Met, and Met/Met), as well as their oculomotor behavior and level of cortical coherence. The findings show that the cognitive flexibility promoted by the Val allele is associated with a better parametrization. The search for information through visual scanning was specific to each genotype. Also, a greater cortical connectivity associated with the Val allele was found. The combined study of behavioral, electrophysiological and molecular levels of analysis showed that the cognitive stability and flexibility associated with the COMT alleles, influence specific aspects of motor learning.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Maicon Rodrigues Albuquerque
- School of Physical Education, Physiotherapy and Occupational Therapy, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Brazil
| | - Bárbara de Paula Ferreira
- School of Physical Education, Physiotherapy and Occupational Therapy, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Brazil
| | - Marco Túlio Silva Batista
- School of Physical Education, Physiotherapy and Occupational Therapy, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Brazil
| | - Juliana Otoni Parma
- School of Physical Education, Physiotherapy and Occupational Therapy, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Brazil
| | - Tércio Apolinário-Souza
- School of Physical Education, Physiotherapy and Occupational Therapy, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Brazil
| | - Lucas Eduardo Antunes Bicalho
- School of Physical Education, Physiotherapy and Occupational Therapy, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Brazil
| | - Herbert Ugrinowitsch
- School of Physical Education, Physiotherapy and Occupational Therapy, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Brazil
| | - Guilherme Menezes Lage
- School of Physical Education, Physiotherapy and Occupational Therapy, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Brazil
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Altshuler DB, Wang L, Zhao L, Miklja Z, Linzey J, Brezzell A, Kakaizada S, Krishna S, Orringer DA, Briceño EM, Gabel N, Hervey-Jumper SL. BDNF, COMT, and DRD2 polymorphisms and ability to return to work in adult patients with low- and high-grade glioma. Neurooncol Pract 2019; 6:375-385. [PMID: 31555452 PMCID: PMC6753359 DOI: 10.1093/nop/npy059] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/22/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Cognitive and language dysfunction is common among patients with glioma and has a significant impact on survival and health-related quality of life (HRQOL). Little is known about the factors that make individual patients more or less susceptible to the cognitive sequelae of the disease. A better understanding of the individual and population characteristics related to cognitive function in glioma patients is required to appropriately stratify patients, prognosticate, and develop more efficacious treatment regimens. There is evidence that allelic variation among genes involved in neurotransmission and synaptic plasticity are related to neurocognitive performance in states of health and neurologic disease. METHODS We studied the association of single-nucleotide polymorphism variations in brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF, rs6265), dopamine receptor 2 (DRD2, rs1076560), and catechol-O-methyltransferase (COMT, rs4680) with neurocognitive function and ability to return to work in glioma patients at diagnosis and at 3 months. We developed a functional score based on the number of high-performance alleles that correlates with the capacity for patients to return to work. RESULTS Patients with higher-performing alleles have better scores on neurocognitive testing with the Repeatable Battery for the Assessment of Neuropsychological Status and Stroop test, but not the Trail Making Test. CONCLUSIONS A better understanding of the genetic contributors to neurocognitive performance in glioma patients and capacity for functional recovery is necessary to develop improved treatment strategies based on patient-specific factors.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Lin Wang
- Department of Neurosurgery, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, USA
| | - Lili Zhao
- Department of Biostatistics, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, USA
| | - Zachary Miklja
- Department of Neurosurgery, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, USA
| | - Joey Linzey
- Department of Neurosurgery, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, USA
| | - Amanda Brezzell
- Department of Neurosurgery, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, USA
| | - Sofia Kakaizada
- Department of Neurosurgery, University of California San Francisco, USA
| | - Saritha Krishna
- Department of Neurosurgery, University of California San Francisco, USA
| | - Daniel A Orringer
- Department of Neurosurgery, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, USA
| | - Emily M Briceño
- Department of Neurosurgery, Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, USA
| | - Nicolette Gabel
- Department of Neurosurgery, Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, USA
| | - Shawn L Hervey-Jumper
- Department of Neurosurgery, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, USA
- Department of Neurosurgery, University of California San Francisco, USA
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Abstract
Healthy aging is associated with numerous deficits in cognitive function, which have been attributed to changes within the prefrontal cortex (PFC). This chapter summarizes some of the most prominent cognitive changes associated with age-related alterations in the anatomy and physiology of the PFC. Specifically, aging of the PFC results in deficient aspects of cognitive control, including sustained attention, selective attention, inhibitory control, working memory, and multitasking abilities. Yet, not all cognitive functions associated with the PFC exhibit age-related declines, such as arithmetic, comprehension, emotion perception, and emotional control. Moreover, not all older adults exhibit declines in cognition. Multiple life-course and lifestyle factors, as well as genetics, play a role in the trajectory of cognitive performance across the life span. Thus many adults retain cognitive function well into advanced age. Moreover, the brain remains plastic throughout life and there is increasing evidence that most age-related declines in cognition can be remediated by various methods such as physical exercise, cognitive training, or noninvasive brain stimulation. Overall, because cognitive aging is associated with numerous life-course and lifestyle factors, successful aging likely begins in early life, while maintaining cognition or remediating declines is a life-long process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Theodore P Zanto
- Department of Neurology, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, United States; Neuroscape, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, United States
| | - Adam Gazzaley
- Department of Neurology, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, United States; Departments of Physiology and Psychiatry, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, United States; Neuroscape, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, United States.
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10
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Nogueira NGDHM, Bacelar MFB, Ferreira BDP, Parma JO, Lage GM. Association between the catechol-O-methyltransferase (COMT) Val158Met polymorphism and motor behavior in healthy adults: A study review. Brain Res Bull 2019; 144:223-232. [DOI: 10.1016/j.brainresbull.2018.11.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2018] [Revised: 10/05/2018] [Accepted: 11/09/2018] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
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Hupfeld KE, Vaillancourt DE, Seidler RD. Genetic markers of dopaminergic transmission predict performance for older males but not females. Neurobiol Aging 2018; 66:180.e11-180.e21. [PMID: 29525179 PMCID: PMC5924602 DOI: 10.1016/j.neurobiolaging.2018.02.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2017] [Revised: 01/08/2018] [Accepted: 02/06/2018] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
Mobility and memory declines with aging can limit independence. Several single-nucleotide polymorphisms have been associated with cognitive performance, but studies investigating motor function are scant. We examined 4 single-nucleotide polymorphisms involved in dopaminergic metabolism: BDNF (Val66Met), DRD3 (Ser9Gly), DBH (C>T), and COMT (Val158Met) for their relationship to motor and cognitive function in healthy older adults (n = 4605 and n = 7331) who participated in the U.S. Health and Retirement Study. Individuals with genotypes associated with reduced dopamine metabolism exhibited poorer balance and memory. We found the most pronounced effects in the oldest participants (aged 85+ years), supporting the notion that age-related declines in dopamine availability contribute to magnified genotype effects with advancing age. Moreover, males demonstrated stronger associations than did females between a number of beneficial dopamine alleles and cognitive scores, suggesting that sex differences in dopaminergic transmission interact with genotype to influence performance. These findings point to common genetic variants related to dopaminergic metabolism that characterizes individual differences in motor and cognitive function in older adults.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kathleen E Hupfeld
- Department of Applied Physiology and Kinesiology, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA.
| | - David E Vaillancourt
- Department of Applied Physiology and Kinesiology, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA; Center for Movement Disorders and Neurorestoration, Department of Neurology, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA; Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA
| | - Rachael D Seidler
- Department of Applied Physiology and Kinesiology, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA; School of Kinesiology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
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12
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French MA, Morton SM, Pohlig RT, Reisman DS. The relationship between BDNF Val66Met polymorphism and functional mobility in chronic stroke survivors. Top Stroke Rehabil 2018; 25:276-280. [PMID: 29480080 DOI: 10.1080/10749357.2018.1437938] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Background A single nucleotide polymorphism, Val66Met, in the Brain Derived Neurotrophic Factor (BDNF) gene has been studied for its role in recovery following stroke. Despite this work, the role of BDNF genotype on long-term recovery is unclear. Additionally, no study has examined its impact on functional mobility. As a result, the purpose of this study was to examine the relationship between BDNF genotype and functional mobility in chronic stroke survivors by first accounting for factors related to the Val66Met polymorphism and post-stroke recovery. Methods Participants 6 months post-stroke completed the Fugl-Meyer Lower Extremity Assessment (FMLE), Yesavage Geriatric Depression Scale (YGDS), 10 meter walk test (SSWS), and BDNF genotype testing. A regression model was used to determine if including genotype (Val or Met) and the genotype's interactions with age, gender, and depression increased the model's fit in predicting functional mobility, as measured by SSWS, after accounting for physical impairment (FMLE) and personal information (age, gender, and YGDS). Results Sixty-three subjects, twenty-two percent of whom had at least one Met allele, were included. Impairment and personal information significantly predicted SSWS (R2 = 0.268, p < 0.001 and ΔR2 = 0.158, p = 0.002, respectively). The addition of genotype and genotype's interactions did not significantly increase the variance accounted for in SSWS (ΔR2 = 0.012, p = 0.27, and ΔR2 = 0.006, p = 0.723, respectively). Conclusions Our results suggest that the Val66Met polymorphism does not predict long-term, functional mobility following stroke. This difference may be due to differences in model variables or a reduced impact of the polymorphism as recovery progresses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Margaret A French
- a Department of Physical Therapy, College of Health Sciences , University of Delaware , Newark , DE , USA.,b Biomechanics and Movement Science Program, College of Health Sciences , University of Delaware , Newark , DE , USA
| | - Susanne M Morton
- a Department of Physical Therapy, College of Health Sciences , University of Delaware , Newark , DE , USA.,b Biomechanics and Movement Science Program, College of Health Sciences , University of Delaware , Newark , DE , USA
| | - Ryan T Pohlig
- c Biostatistics Core Facility, College of Health Sciences , University of Delaware , Newark , DE , USA
| | - Darcy S Reisman
- a Department of Physical Therapy, College of Health Sciences , University of Delaware , Newark , DE , USA.,b Biomechanics and Movement Science Program, College of Health Sciences , University of Delaware , Newark , DE , USA
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Diaz Heijtz R, Almeida R, Eliasson AC, Forssberg H. Genetic Variation in the Dopamine System Influences Intervention Outcome in Children with Cerebral Palsy. EBioMedicine 2018; 28:162-167. [PMID: 29339100 PMCID: PMC5835543 DOI: 10.1016/j.ebiom.2017.12.028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2017] [Revised: 12/20/2017] [Accepted: 12/22/2017] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Background There is large variation in treatment responses in children with cerebral palsy. Experimental and clinical results suggest that dopamine neurotransmission and brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) signalling are involved in motor learning and plasticity, which are key factors in modern habilitation success. We examined whether naturally occurring variations in dopamine and BDNF genes influenced the treatment outcomes. Methods Thirty-three children (18–60 months of age) with spastic unilateral cerebral palsy were enrolled in the study. Each child had participated in a training programme consisting of active training of the involved hand for 2 h every day during a 2-month training period. The training outcome was measured using Assisting Hand Assessment before and after the training period. Saliva was collected for genotyping of COMT, DAT, DRD1, DRD2, DRD3, and BDNF. Regression analyses were used to examine associations between genetic variation and training outcome. Findings There was a statistically significant association between variation in dopamine genes and treatment outcome. Children with a high polygenic dopamine gene score including polymorphisms of five dopamine genes (COMT, DAT, DRD1, DRD2, and DRD3), and reflecting higher endogenous dopaminergic neurotransmission, had the greatest functional outcome gains after intervention. Interpretation Naturally occurring genetic variation in the dopamine system can influence treatment outcomes in children with cerebral palsy. A polygenic dopamine score might be valid for treatment outcome prediction and for designing individually tailored interventions for children with cerebral palsy. Naturally occurring variation of dopamine genes is associated with treatment outcomes in children with cerebral palsy. Children with polymorphisms reflecting higher endogenous dopaminergic neurotransmission had the greatest functional gains. A polygenic dopamine score might be valid to predict treatment outcome.
New evidence-based therapies including active motor learning and training for children with cerebral palsy improve motor function at a group level, but there are also large inter-individual variations. Naturally occurring variations in dopamine and BDNF genes affect motor learning and cortical plasticity. This study showed that naturally occurring genetic variation of five dopamine genes was associated with the outcome of a 2-month long active upper limb motor training intervention in children with unilateral cerebral palsy. The results suggest that a polygenic dopamine gene score can be used to predict the outcome of motor training programmes for children with cerebral palsy.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Rita Almeida
- Department of Neuroscience, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Ann Christin Eliasson
- Department of Women's and Children's Health, Karolinska Institutet, Astrid Lindgren Children's Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Hans Forssberg
- Department of Women's and Children's Health, Karolinska Institutet, Astrid Lindgren Children's Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden.
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Dopaminergic polymorphisms associated with medication responsiveness of gait in Parkinson's disease. Parkinsonism Relat Disord 2017; 48:54-60. [PMID: 29249680 DOI: 10.1016/j.parkreldis.2017.12.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2017] [Revised: 12/03/2017] [Accepted: 12/11/2017] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Gait dysfunction is a common symptom of Parkinson's disease that can cause significant disability and put patients at risk for falls. These symptoms show variable responsiveness to dopaminergic therapy. OBJECTIVE To determine whether dopaminergic (rs1076560 DRD2 G > T and rs4680 catechole-o-methyltranspherase (COMT) Val158Met) or brain derived neurotrophic factor (rs6265 BDNF Val66Met) genetic polymorphisms are associated with gait function and medication responsiveness in Parkinson's disease. METHOD Gait function was evaluated on two days for patients (ON and OFF medication in a counterbalanced fashion) and a single session for controls. Investigators were blinded to genotype during data collection. Associations between genotype and medication responsiveness were analyzed using mixed model ANOVAs. A priori hypotheses were tested using GAITRite® electronic mat spatiotemporal gait parameters including step length, step width, velocity, portion of double and single support per gait cycle, and variability of these measures ON and OFF medication. RESULTS We found that the DRD2 polymorphism, but neither COMT nor BDNF, was consistently associated with gait function and medication responsiveness in the patients. Specifically, Parkinson's disease patients with reduced striatal D2 expression (DRD2 T allele carriers) had worse gait dysfunction and showed greater dopamine responsiveness of gait function compared to patients who were homozygous for the G allele. There was no effect of any of the genetic polymorphisms on gait for controls. CONCLUSIONS AND RELEVANCE The findings suggest that genetic subgrouping, in particular for DRD2, may be used to identify Parkinson's disease patient subgroups that are more dopamine responsive for gait function.
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Carmeli E. Physical Therapy for Neurological Conditions in Geriatric Populations. Front Public Health 2017; 5:333. [PMID: 29270402 PMCID: PMC5725432 DOI: 10.3389/fpubh.2017.00333] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2017] [Accepted: 11/23/2017] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
With more of the world’s population surviving longer, individuals often face age-related neurology disorders and decline of function that can affect lifestyle and well-being. Despite neurophysiological changes affecting the brain function and structure, the aged brain, in some degree, can learn and relearn due to neuroplasticity. Recent advances in rehabilitation techniques have produced better functional outcomes in age-related neurological conditions. Physical therapy (PT) of the elderly individual focuses in particular on sensory–motor impairments, postural control coordination, and prevention of sarcopenia. Geriatric PT has a significant influence on quality of life, independent living, and life expectancy. However, in many developed and developing countries, the profession of PT is underfunded and understaffed. This article provides a brief overview on (a) age-related disease of central nervous system and (b) the principles, approaches, and doctrines of motor skill learning and point out the most common treatment models that PTs use for neurological patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eli Carmeli
- Department of Physical Therapy, University of Haifa, Haifa, Israel
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Seidler RD, Carson RG. Sensorimotor Learning: Neurocognitive Mechanisms and Individual Differences. J Neuroeng Rehabil 2017; 14:74. [PMID: 28705227 PMCID: PMC5508480 DOI: 10.1186/s12984-017-0279-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2017] [Accepted: 06/21/2017] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Here we provide an overview of findings and viewpoints on the mechanisms of sensorimotor learning presented at the 2016 Biomechanics and Neural Control of Movement (BANCOM) conference in Deer Creek, OH. This field has shown substantial growth in the past couple of decades. For example it is now well accepted that neural systems outside of primary motor pathways play a role in learning. Frontoparietal and anterior cingulate networks contribute to sensorimotor adaptation, reflecting strategic aspects of exploration and learning. Longer term training results in functional and morphological changes in primary motor and somatosensory cortices. Interestingly, re-engagement of strategic processes once a skill has become well learned may disrupt performance. Efforts to predict individual differences in learning rate have enhanced our understanding of the neural, behavioral, and genetic factors underlying skilled human performance. Access to genomic analyses has dramatically increased over the past several years. This has enhanced our understanding of cellular processes underlying the expression of human behavior, including involvement of various neurotransmitters, receptors, and enzymes. Surprisingly our field has been slow to adopt such approaches in studying neural control, although this work does require much larger sample sizes than are typically used to investigate skill learning. We advocate that individual differences approaches can lead to new insights into human sensorimotor performance. Moreover, a greater understanding of the factors underlying the wide range of performance capabilities seen across individuals can promote personalized medicine and refinement of rehabilitation strategies, which stand to be more effective than “one size fits all” treatments.
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Affiliation(s)
- R D Seidler
- University of Florida, P.O. Box 118205, Gainesville, FL, 32611-8205, USA.
| | - R G Carson
- Trinity College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland.,Queen's University Belfast, Belfast, Ireland
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