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Apelian C, Terhune DB, De Vignemont F. Hypnotic suggestion versus sensory modulation of bodily awareness. PLoS One 2023; 18:e0291493. [PMID: 37699046 PMCID: PMC10497174 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0291493] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2022] [Accepted: 08/30/2023] [Indexed: 09/14/2023] Open
Abstract
Bodily awareness arises from somatosensory, vestibular, and visual inputs but cannot be reduced to these incoming sensory signals. Cognitive factors are known to also impact bodily awareness, though their specific influence is poorly understood. Here we systematically compared the effects of sensory (bottom-up) and cognitive (top-down) manipulations on the estimated size of body parts. Toward this end, in a repeated-measures design, we sought to induce the illusion that the right index finger was elongating by vibrating the biceps tendon of the left arm whilst participants grasped the tip of their right index finger (Lackner illusion; bottom-up) and separately by hypnotic suggestion (top-down), with a sham version of the Lackner illusion as an active control condition. The effects of these manipulations were assessed with perceptual and motor tasks to capture different components of the representation of body size. We found that hypnotic suggestion significantly induced the illusion in both tasks relative to the sham condition. The magnitudes of these effects were stronger than those in the Lackner illusion condition, which only produced a significantly stronger illusion than the sham condition in the perceptual task. We further observed that illusion magnitude significantly correlated across tasks and conditions, suggesting partly shared mechanisms. These results are in line with theories of separate but interacting representational processes for perception and action and highlight the influence of cognitive factors on low-level body representations.
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Affiliation(s)
- C. Apelian
- Département d’études Cognitives, Institut Jean Nicod, ENS, EHESS, CNRS, PSL University, Paris, France
- ARCHE, Formation, Paris, France
| | - D. B. Terhune
- Department of Psychology, Goldsmiths, University of London, London, United Kingdom
- Department of Psychology, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology & Neuroscience, King’s College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - F. De Vignemont
- Département d’études Cognitives, Institut Jean Nicod, ENS, EHESS, CNRS, PSL University, Paris, France
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2
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Comparative effects of hypnotic suggestion and imagery instruction on bodily awareness. Conscious Cogn 2023; 108:103473. [PMID: 36706563 DOI: 10.1016/j.concog.2023.103473] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2022] [Revised: 10/31/2022] [Accepted: 01/12/2023] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
Abstract
Bodily awareness is informed by both sensory data and prior knowledge. Although misleading sensory signals have been repeatedly shown to affect bodily awareness, only scant attention has been given to the influence of cognitive variables. Hypnotic suggestion has recently been shown to impact visuospatial and sensorimotor representations of body-part size although the mechanisms subserving this effect are yet to be identified. Mental imagery might play a causal or facilitative role in this effect, as it has been shown to influence body awareness in previous studies. Nonetheless, current views ascribe only an epiphenomenal role to imagery in the implementation of hypnotic suggestions. This study compared the effects of hypnotic suggestion and imagery instruction for influencing the visuospatial and sensorimotor aspects of body-size representation. Both experimental manipulations produced significant increases (elongation) in both representations compared to baseline, although the effects were larger in the hypnotic suggestion condition. The effects of both manipulations were highly correlated across participants, suggesting overlapping mechanisms. Self-reports suggested that the use of voluntary imagery did not significantly contribute to the efficacy of either manipulation. Rather, top-down effects on body representations seem to be partly driven by response expectancies, spontaneous imagery, and hypnotic suggestibility in both conditions. These results are in line with current theories of suggestion and raise fundamental questions regarding the mechanisms driving the influence of cognition on body representations.
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Dor-Ziderman Y, Zeev-Wolf M, Hirsch Klein E, Bar-Oz D, Nitzan U, Maoz H, Segev A, Goldstein A, Koubi M, Mendelovic S, Gvirts H, Bloch Y. High-gamma oscillations as neurocorrelates of ADHD: A MEG crossover placebo-controlled study. J Psychiatr Res 2021; 137:186-193. [PMID: 33684643 DOI: 10.1016/j.jpsychires.2021.02.050] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2020] [Revised: 02/18/2021] [Accepted: 02/22/2021] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Abstract
Attention Deficit Hyperactive Disorder (ADHD) is a common neurobehavioral disorder with a significant and pervasive impact on patients' lives. Identifying neurophysiological correlates of ADHD is important for understanding its underlying mechanisms, as well as for improving clinical accuracy beyond cognitive and emotional factors. The present study focuses on finding a diagnostic stable neural correlate based on evaluating MEG resting state frequency bands. Twenty-two ADHD patients and 23 controls adults were blindly randomized to two methylphenidate/placebo evaluation days. On each evaluation day state anxiety was assessed, a 2N-back executive function task was performed, and resting state MEG brain activity was recorded at three timepoints. A frequency-based cluster analysis yielded higher high-gamma power for ADHD over posterior sensors and lower high-gamma power for ADHD over frontal-central sensors. These results were shown to be stable over three measurements, unaffected by methylphenidate treatment, and linked to cognitive accuracy and state anxiety. Furthermore, the differential high-gamma activity evidenced substantial ADHD diagnostic efficacy, comparable to the cognitive and emotional factors. These results indicate that resting state high-gamma activity is a promising, stable, valid and diagnostically-relevant neurocorrelate of ADHD. Due to the evolving understanding both in the cellular and network level of high-gamma oscillations, focusing future studies on this frequency band bears the potential for a better understanding of ADHD, thus advancing the specificity of the evaluation of the disorder and developing new tools for therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yair Dor-Ziderman
- Gonda Brain Research Center, Bar Ilan University, Ramat-Gan, Israel; Edmond J. Safra Brain Research Center, University of Haifa, Haifa, Israel
| | - Maor Zeev-Wolf
- Department of Education & Zlotowski Center for Neuroscience, Ben Gurion University of the Negev, Israel
| | | | - Dor Bar-Oz
- The Emotion-Cognition Research Center, Shalvata Mental Health Care Center, Hod-Hasharon, Israel; Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel-Aviv University, Tel-Aviv, Israel
| | - Uriel Nitzan
- The Emotion-Cognition Research Center, Shalvata Mental Health Care Center, Hod-Hasharon, Israel; Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel-Aviv University, Tel-Aviv, Israel
| | - Hagai Maoz
- The Emotion-Cognition Research Center, Shalvata Mental Health Care Center, Hod-Hasharon, Israel; Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel-Aviv University, Tel-Aviv, Israel
| | - Aviv Segev
- The Emotion-Cognition Research Center, Shalvata Mental Health Care Center, Hod-Hasharon, Israel; Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel-Aviv University, Tel-Aviv, Israel
| | - Abraham Goldstein
- Gonda Brain Research Center, Bar Ilan University, Ramat-Gan, Israel; Department of Psychology, Bar Ilan University, Ramat-Gan, Israel
| | - May Koubi
- The Emotion-Cognition Research Center, Shalvata Mental Health Care Center, Hod-Hasharon, Israel; Child and Adolescent Outpatient Clinic, Shalvata Mental Health Care Center, Hod-Hasharon, Israel; Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel-Aviv University, Tel-Aviv, Israel
| | - Shlomo Mendelovic
- The Emotion-Cognition Research Center, Shalvata Mental Health Care Center, Hod-Hasharon, Israel; Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel-Aviv University, Tel-Aviv, Israel
| | - Hila Gvirts
- Department of Behavioral Sciences and Psychology, Ariel University, Ariel, Israel
| | - Yuval Bloch
- The Emotion-Cognition Research Center, Shalvata Mental Health Care Center, Hod-Hasharon, Israel; Child and Adolescent Outpatient Clinic, Shalvata Mental Health Care Center, Hod-Hasharon, Israel; Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel-Aviv University, Tel-Aviv, Israel.
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Beltran Serrano G, Pooch Rodrigues L, Schein B, Zortea M, Torres ILS, Fregni F, Caumo W. The Hypnotic Analgesia Suggestion Mitigated the Effect of the Transcranial Direct Current Stimulation on the Descending Pain Modulatory System: A Proof of Concept Study. J Pain Res 2020; 13:2297-2311. [PMID: 32982393 PMCID: PMC7502396 DOI: 10.2147/jpr.s253747] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2020] [Accepted: 06/24/2020] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective We evaluated whether active(a)-tDCS combined with hypnotic analgesia suggestion (HS) would be more effective than a single active(a)-tDCS, and/or sham-(s)-tDCS and s-tDCS/HS on the following outcomes: function of descending pain modulatory system (DPMS) during the conditioned pain modulation test (CPM-test) (primary outcome), heat pain threshold (HPT), heat pain tolerance (HPTo) and cold pressor test (CPT) (secondary outcomes). We also examined whether their effects are related to neuroplasticity state evaluated by serum brain-derived-neurotropic factor (BDNF). Materials and Methods Forty-eight females received one session of one of the four interventions (a-tDCS/HS, s-tDCS/HS, a-tDCS, and s-tDCS) in an incomplete randomized crossover sequence. The a-tDCS or s-tDCS was applied over the left dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (DLPFC) for 30 minutes at 2mA. Results A generalized linear model revealed a significant main effect for the intervention group (P <0.032). The delta-(Δ) pain score on the Numerical Pain Scale (NPS0-10) during CPM-test in the a-tDCS/HS group was -0.25 (0.43). The (Δ) pain score on NPS (0-10) during CPM-test in the other three groups was a-tDCS=-0.54 (0.41), HS -0.01 (0.41) and s-tDCS/HS=-0.19 (0.43). A-tDCS/HS intervention increased the CPT substantially compared to all other interventions. Also, higher baseline levels of BDNF were associated with a larger change in CPT and HPTo. Conclusion These findings indicate that the HS combined with a-tDCS mitigated the effect of the a-tDCS on the DPMS. The a-tDCS up-regulates the inhibition on DPMS, and the HS improved pain tolerance. And, together they enhanced the reaction time substantially upon the CPT. Clinical Trial Registration www.ClinicalTrials.gov, identifier NCT03744897.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gerardo Beltran Serrano
- Post-Graduate Program in Medical Sciences, School of Medicine, Universidade Federal Do Rio Grande Do Sul (UFRGS), Porto Alegre, Brazil.,Laboratory of Pain and Neuromodulation at Hospital De Clínicas De Porto Alegre (HCPA), Porto Alegre, Brazil.,Psychology Department, Universidad Catolica De Cuenca, UCACUE, Cuenca, Ecuador
| | - Laura Pooch Rodrigues
- Laboratory of Pain and Neuromodulation at Hospital De Clínicas De Porto Alegre (HCPA), Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | - Bruno Schein
- Post-Graduate Program in Medical Sciences, School of Medicine, Universidade Federal Do Rio Grande Do Sul (UFRGS), Porto Alegre, Brazil.,Laboratory of Pain and Neuromodulation at Hospital De Clínicas De Porto Alegre (HCPA), Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | - Maxciel Zortea
- Post-Graduate Program in Medical Sciences, School of Medicine, Universidade Federal Do Rio Grande Do Sul (UFRGS), Porto Alegre, Brazil.,Laboratory of Pain and Neuromodulation at Hospital De Clínicas De Porto Alegre (HCPA), Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | - Iraci Lucenada Silva Torres
- Post-Graduate Program in Medical Sciences, School of Medicine, Universidade Federal Do Rio Grande Do Sul (UFRGS), Porto Alegre, Brazil.,Department of Pharmacology, Institute of Health Sciences (ICBS), Universidade Federal Do Rio Grande Do Sul (UFRGS), Porto Alegre, Brazil.,Pharmacology of Pain and Neuromodulation: Pre-Clinical Investigations Research Group, Universidade Federal Do Rio Grande Do Sul (UFRGS), Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | - Felipe Fregni
- Department of Neurology, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, USA
| | - Wolnei Caumo
- Post-Graduate Program in Medical Sciences, School of Medicine, Universidade Federal Do Rio Grande Do Sul (UFRGS), Porto Alegre, Brazil.,Laboratory of Pain and Neuromodulation at Hospital De Clínicas De Porto Alegre (HCPA), Porto Alegre, Brazil.,Pharmacology of Pain and Neuromodulation: Pre-Clinical Investigations Research Group, Universidade Federal Do Rio Grande Do Sul (UFRGS), Porto Alegre, Brazil
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Ibáñez‐Marcelo E, Campioni L, Manzoni D, Santarcangelo EL, Petri G. Spectral and topological analyses of the cortical representation of the head position: Does hypnotizability matter? Brain Behav 2019; 9:e01277. [PMID: 31001933 PMCID: PMC6576149 DOI: 10.1002/brb3.1277] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/26/2018] [Revised: 02/25/2019] [Accepted: 02/25/2019] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION The aim of this exploratory study was to assess the EEG correlates of head positions (which have never been studied in humans) in participants with different psychophysiological characteristics, as encoded by their hypnotizability scores. This choice is motivated by earlier studies suggesting different processing of vestibular/neck proprioceptive information in subjects with high (highs) and low (lows) hypnotizability scores maintaining their head rotated toward one side (RH). METHODS We analyzed EEG signals recorded in 20 highs and 19 lows in basal conditions (head forward) and during RH using spectral analysis, which captures changes localized to specific recording sites, and topological data analysis (TDA), which instead describes large-scale differences in processing and representing sensorimotor information. RESULTS Spectral analysis revealed significant differences related to head position for alpha 1, beta 2, beta 3, and gamma bands, but not to hypnotizability. TDA instead revealed global hypnotizability-related differences in the strengths of the correlations among recording sites during RH. Significant changes were observed in lows on the left parieto-occipital side and in highs in right frontoparietal region. Significant differences between the two groups were found in the occipital region, where changes were larger in lows than in highs. CONCLUSIONS This study reports finding of the EEG correlates of changes in the head posture for the first time, indicating that hypnotizability is related to the head posture representation/processing on large-scale networks and that spectral and topological data analyses provide complementary results.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Lisa Campioni
- Department of Translational Research and New Technologies in Medicine and SurgeryUniversity of PisaPisaItaly
| | - Diego Manzoni
- Department of Translational Research and New Technologies in Medicine and SurgeryUniversity of PisaPisaItaly
| | - Enrica L. Santarcangelo
- Department of Translational Research and New Technologies in Medicine and SurgeryUniversity of PisaPisaItaly
| | - Giovanni Petri
- ISI FoundationTurinItaly
- ISI Global Science FoundationNew YorkNYUSA
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Santarcangelo EL, Consoli S. Complex Role of Hypnotizability in the Cognitive Control of Pain. Front Psychol 2018; 9:2272. [PMID: 30515125 PMCID: PMC6256013 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2018.02272] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2018] [Accepted: 11/01/2018] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Enrica L. Santarcangelo
- Department of Translational Research and New Technologies in Medicine and Surgery University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy
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De Pascalis V, Scacchia P. The influence of reward sensitivity, heart rate dynamics and EEG-delta activity on placebo analgesia. Behav Brain Res 2018; 359:320-332. [PMID: 30439452 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbr.2018.11.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2018] [Revised: 10/10/2018] [Accepted: 11/08/2018] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Personality traits have been shown to interact with environmental cues to modulate biological responses including treatment responses, and potentially having a role in the formation of placebo effects. Here we used the Reinforcement Sensitivity Theory Personality Questionnaire (RST-PQ) to identify personality traits that predict placebo analgesic responding. Cardiac inter-beat (RR) time series and electroencephalographic (EEG) band oscillations were recorded from healthy women in a cold-pain (Pain) and placebo analgesia (PA) condition. The measures of Hypnotizability, and self-reported ratings of Hypnotic Depth, Motivation, Pain Expectation, Involuntariness in PA responding, Pain and Distress intensity were obtained. Separate principal components factor analyses with varimax rotation were performed on summarized heart rate variability (HRV) measures of time, frequency, nonlinear Complexity, and EEG-band activity. Both analyses yielded a similar three-factor solution including Frequency HRV (factor-1), Complexity HRV dynamics (factor-2), and time HRV & EEG-delta activity (factor-3). Reward Interest sub-trait of the Behavioral Approach System (BAS-RI), Pain Expectation, Involuntariness in PA responding, and Hypnotic Depth were positively associated, whereas negative changes in time-HRV & EEG-delta scores were associated with Pain Reduction. Multiple mediation analyses disclosed that BAS-RI, potentially served by the dopaminergic system, through Involuntariness in PA responding can alter placebo responding to laboratory pain. Our results also show that a linear compound of HR slowing and higher EEG delta activity during PA explains a substantial proportion of the variance in placebo analgesic responses. Future studies should examine the potential role that these individual difference measures may play in patient responsiveness to treatments for clinical pain.
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Affiliation(s)
- V De Pascalis
- Department of Psychology "La Sapienza" University of Rome, Italy.
| | - P Scacchia
- Department of Psychology "La Sapienza" University of Rome, Italy
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Fathi M, Azhari A, Zanguee A, Joudi M, Jamali-Behnam F, Mohammadipanah B, Mirzapour J, Vahidirad A, Seyedin-Ghannad SG, Joudi M. Investigation of the Effect of Hypnotic Anesthesia on Nerve Conduction Velocity (NCV). Anesth Pain Med 2018; 8:e67859. [PMID: 30214883 PMCID: PMC6119217 DOI: 10.5812/aapm.67859] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2018] [Revised: 04/08/2018] [Accepted: 04/18/2018] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Hypnosis is a psychological method used for treatment of different types of disorders and illnesses. This technique is also used in surgical interventions. Many studies proved the efficacy of hypnosis in medical treatment. However, the mechanism of hypnosis is unclear for scientists. To find out if the peripheral nervous system has a role in hypnotic anesthesia, we aimed to investigate the effect of hypnotic anesthesia on nerve conduction velocity (NCV). Methods In this study, healthy volunteers with high hypnotizability entered the study. First, The NCV test was performed in both hands of participants and then they all underwent hypnosis. Hypnotic anesthesia was induced in the right hand of all subjects followed by painful stimuli in their hand by vascular clasping. Then, the NCV test was repeated in both hands again. Data were analyzed by SPSS version16. Results The group study consisted of 13 (65%) women and 7 (35%) men with their age ranging between 14 to 52 years. According to the results, the mean values of sensory latency, and NCV changed from 3.225 ms and 54.355 m/s before hypnotic anesthesia to 3.32 ms and 55.3 m/s after hypnotic anesthesia in right hand, respectively. Results showed that there was a significant difference between data before and after hypnotic induction (P < 0.001). The covariance test also indicated a significant difference between the data obtained from both hands (P < 0.001). Conclusions In contrast to our hypothesis, the NCV test showed an increase after the hypnotic anesthesia. However, increase in NCV did not lead to experience pain after the painful stimuli. It seems that central nervous system should be involved in this process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mehdi Fathi
- Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Amin Azhari
- School of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Amir Zanguee
- School of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Mitra Joudi
- Department of Psychiatry, School of Medicine, Gorgan University of Medical Sciences, Gorgan, Iran
| | - Farideh Jamali-Behnam
- Surgical Oncology Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | | | - Javad Mirzapour
- Department of General Surgery, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Ali Vahidirad
- Department of General Surgery, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | | | - Marjan Joudi
- Surgical Oncology Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
- Corresponding author: Marjan Joudi, Department of Pediatric Surgery, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran. Tel: +98-9155132740, E-mail:
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Oscillatory brain mechanisms of the hypnotically-induced out-of-body experience. Cortex 2017; 96:19-30. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cortex.2017.08.025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2017] [Revised: 06/11/2017] [Accepted: 08/22/2017] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
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