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Tsai P, Latypov TH, Hung PSP, Halawani A, Srisaikaew P, Walker MR, Zhang AB, Wang W, Hassannia F, Barake R, Gordon KA, Ibrahim GM, Rutka J, Hodaie M. Structural connectivity changes in unilateral hearing loss. Cereb Cortex 2024; 34:bhae220. [PMID: 38896551 DOI: 10.1093/cercor/bhae220] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2024] [Revised: 05/06/2024] [Accepted: 05/07/2024] [Indexed: 06/21/2024] Open
Abstract
Network connectivity, as mapped by the whole brain connectome, plays a crucial role in regulating auditory function. Auditory deprivation such as unilateral hearing loss might alter structural network connectivity; however, these potential alterations are poorly understood. Thirty-seven acoustic neuroma patients with unilateral hearing loss (19 left-sided and 18 right-sided) and 19 healthy controls underwent diffusion-weighted and T1-weighted imaging to assess edge strength, node strength, and global efficiency of the structural connectome. Edge strength was estimated by pair-wise normalized streamline density from tractography and connectomics. Node strength and global efficiency were calculated through graph theory analysis of the connectome. Pure-tone audiometry and word recognition scores were used to correlate the degree and duration of unilateral hearing loss with node strength and global efficiency. We demonstrate significantly stronger edge strength and node strength through the visual network, weaker edge strength and node strength in the somatomotor network, and stronger global efficiency in the unilateral hearing loss patients. No discernible correlations were observed between the degree and duration of unilateral hearing loss and the measures of node strength or global efficiency. These findings contribute to our understanding of the role of structural connectivity in hearing by facilitating visual network upregulation and somatomotor network downregulation after unilateral hearing loss.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pascale Tsai
- Krembil Research Institute, University Health Network, 60 Leonard Ave, Toronto, Ontario M5T 0S8, Canada
- Institute of Medical Science, University of Toronto, 6 Queen's Park Cres, Toronto, Ontario M5S 3H2, Canada
| | - Timur H Latypov
- Krembil Research Institute, University Health Network, 60 Leonard Ave, Toronto, Ontario M5T 0S8, Canada
- Institute of Medical Science, University of Toronto, 6 Queen's Park Cres, Toronto, Ontario M5S 3H2, Canada
| | - Peter Shih-Ping Hung
- Krembil Research Institute, University Health Network, 60 Leonard Ave, Toronto, Ontario M5T 0S8, Canada
- Institute of Medical Science, University of Toronto, 6 Queen's Park Cres, Toronto, Ontario M5S 3H2, Canada
| | - Aisha Halawani
- Krembil Research Institute, University Health Network, 60 Leonard Ave, Toronto, Ontario M5T 0S8, Canada
- Division of Neuroradiology, Joint Department of Medical Imaging, Toronto Western Hospital, University Health Network, 399 Bathurst St, Toronto, Ontario M5T 2S8, Canada
- Department of Medical Imaging, Ministry of the National Guard-Health Affairs, C967+PRM, King Abdul Aziz Medical City, Jeddah 22384, Saudi Arabia
| | - Patcharaporn Srisaikaew
- Krembil Research Institute, University Health Network, 60 Leonard Ave, Toronto, Ontario M5T 0S8, Canada
| | - Matthew R Walker
- Krembil Research Institute, University Health Network, 60 Leonard Ave, Toronto, Ontario M5T 0S8, Canada
| | - Ashley B Zhang
- Krembil Research Institute, University Health Network, 60 Leonard Ave, Toronto, Ontario M5T 0S8, Canada
| | - Wanzhang Wang
- Krembil Research Institute, University Health Network, 60 Leonard Ave, Toronto, Ontario M5T 0S8, Canada
| | - Fatemeh Hassannia
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, University of Toronto, 600 University Ave, Toronto, Ontario M5G 1X5, Canada
- Temerty Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, 1 King's College Cir, Toronto, Ontario M5S 1A8, Canada
| | - Rana Barake
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, University of Toronto, 600 University Ave, Toronto, Ontario M5G 1X5, Canada
- Temerty Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, 1 King's College Cir, Toronto, Ontario M5S 1A8, Canada
| | - Karen A Gordon
- Institute of Medical Science, University of Toronto, 6 Queen's Park Cres, Toronto, Ontario M5S 3H2, Canada
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, University of Toronto, 600 University Ave, Toronto, Ontario M5G 1X5, Canada
- Department of Communication Disorders, The Hospital for Sick Children, 555 University Ave, Toronto, Ontario M5G 1X8, Canada
| | - George M Ibrahim
- Institute of Medical Science, University of Toronto, 6 Queen's Park Cres, Toronto, Ontario M5S 3H2, Canada
- Temerty Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, 1 King's College Cir, Toronto, Ontario M5S 1A8, Canada
- Division of Neurosurgery, Department of Surgery, University of Toronto, 149 College St, Toronto, Ontario M5T 1P5, Canada
- Institute of Biomedical Engineering, University of Toronto, 164 College St, Toronto, M5S 3G9 Ontario M5S 3G9, Canada
| | - John Rutka
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, University of Toronto, 600 University Ave, Toronto, Ontario M5G 1X5, Canada
- Temerty Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, 1 King's College Cir, Toronto, Ontario M5S 1A8, Canada
| | - Mojgan Hodaie
- Krembil Research Institute, University Health Network, 60 Leonard Ave, Toronto, Ontario M5T 0S8, Canada
- Institute of Medical Science, University of Toronto, 6 Queen's Park Cres, Toronto, Ontario M5S 3H2, Canada
- Temerty Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, 1 King's College Cir, Toronto, Ontario M5S 1A8, Canada
- Division of Neurosurgery, Department of Surgery, University of Toronto, 149 College St, Toronto, Ontario M5T 1P5, Canada
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2
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Elwér Å, Andin J. Geometry in the brain optimized for sign language - A unique role of the anterior superior parietal lobule in deaf signers. BRAIN AND LANGUAGE 2024; 253:105416. [PMID: 38703524 DOI: 10.1016/j.bandl.2024.105416] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2023] [Revised: 03/18/2024] [Accepted: 04/22/2024] [Indexed: 05/06/2024]
Abstract
Geometry has been identified as a cognitive domain where deaf individuals exhibit relative strength, yet the neural mechanisms underlying geometry processing in this population remain poorly understood. This fMRI study aimed to investigate the neural correlates of geometry processing in deaf and hearing individuals. Twenty-two adult deaf signers and 25 hearing non-signers completed a geometry decision task. We found no group differences in performance, while there were some differences in parietal activation. As expected, the posterior superior parietal lobule (SPL) was recruited for both groups. The anterior SPL was significantly more activated in the deaf group, and the inferior parietal lobule was significantly more deactivated in the hearing group. In conclusion, despite similar performance across groups, there were differences in the recruitment of parietal regions. These differences may reflect inherent differences in brain organization due to different early sensory and linguistic experiences.
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Affiliation(s)
- Åsa Elwér
- Department of Behavioural Sciences and Learning, Linköping University, Sweden.
| | - Josefine Andin
- Department of Behavioural Sciences and Learning, Linköping University, Sweden
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3
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Jafari Z, Kolb BE, Mohajerani MH. A systematic review of altered resting-state networks in early deafness and implications for cochlear implantation outcomes. Eur J Neurosci 2024; 59:2596-2615. [PMID: 38441248 DOI: 10.1111/ejn.16295] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2022] [Revised: 01/29/2024] [Accepted: 02/06/2024] [Indexed: 05/22/2024]
Abstract
Auditory deprivation following congenital/pre-lingual deafness (C/PD) can drastically affect brain development and its functional organisation. This systematic review intends to extend current knowledge of the impact of C/PD and deafness duration on brain resting-state networks (RSNs), review changes in RSNs and spoken language outcomes post-cochlear implant (CI) and draw conclusions for future research. The systematic literature search followed the PRISMA guideline. Two independent reviewers searched four electronic databases using combined keywords: 'auditory deprivation', 'congenital/prelingual deafness', 'resting-state functional connectivity' (RSFC), 'resting-state fMRI' and 'cochlear implant'. Seventeen studies (16 cross-sectional and one longitudinal) met the inclusion criteria. Using the Crowe Critical Appraisal Tool, the publications' quality was rated between 65.0% and 92.5% (mean: 84.10%), ≥80% in 13 out of 17 studies. A few studies were deficient in sampling and/or ethical considerations. According to the findings, early auditory deprivation results in enhanced RSFC between the auditory network and brain networks involved in non-verbal communication, and high levels of spontaneous neural activity in the auditory cortex before CI are evidence of occupied auditory cortical areas with other sensory modalities (cross-modal plasticity) and sub-optimal CI outcomes. Overall, current evidence supports the idea that moreover intramodal and cross-modal plasticity, the entire brain adaptation following auditory deprivation contributes to spoken language development and compensatory behaviours.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zahra Jafari
- School of Communication Sciences and Disorders (SCSD), Dalhousie University, Halifax, Nova Scotia, Canada
- Department of Psychology and Neuroscience, Dalhousie University, Halifax, Nova Scotia, Canada
| | - Bryan E Kolb
- Department of Neuroscience, Canadian Centre for Behavioural Neuroscience, University of Lethbridge, Lethbridge, Alberta, Canada
| | - Majid H Mohajerani
- Department of Neuroscience, Canadian Centre for Behavioural Neuroscience, University of Lethbridge, Lethbridge, Alberta, Canada
- Douglas Research Centre, Department of Psychiatry, McGill University, Montreal, Québec, Canada
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Ranran H, Aijie W, Yafei Z, Xinru B, Yi L, Xianghua B, Yunxin L, Guochao L, Guowei Z. Alterations of resting-state functional network connectivity in patients with noise-induced hearing loss: A study based on independent component analysis. Eur J Neurosci 2024; 59:2029-2045. [PMID: 38279577 DOI: 10.1111/ejn.16266] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2023] [Revised: 12/12/2023] [Accepted: 01/12/2024] [Indexed: 01/28/2024]
Abstract
Functional reorganization is a response to auditory deficits or deprivation, and less is known about the overall brain network alterations involving resting-state networks (RSNs) and multiple functional networks in patients with occupational noise-induced hearing loss (NIHL). So this study evaluated resting-state functional network connectivity (FNC) alterations in occupational NIHL using an independent component analysis (ICA). In total, 79 mild NIHL patients (MP), 32 relatively severe NIHL patients (RSP), and 84 age- and education- matched healthy controls (HC) were recruited. All subjects were tested using the Mini-mental State Examination scale, the tinnitus Handicap Inventory scale, the Hamilton Anxiety scale (HAMA) and scanned by T1-3DFSPGR, resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging sequence in 3.0 T and analysed by the ICA. Seven RSNs were identified, compared with the HC, the MP showed increased FNC within the executive control network (ECN) and enhanced FNC within the default mode network (DMN) and the visual network (VN); compared with the HC, the RSP showed decreased FNC within the ECN and auditory network (AUN), DMN and VN; no significant changes in FNC were found in the MP compared with the RSP. Furthermore, the correlation analysis between the noise exposure time and hearing loss level, HAMA were both negative, and there were no significant correlations between the abnormal RSNs and the hearing level, noise exposure time and HAMA. These findings indicate that different degrees of NIHL involve different alterations in RSNs connectivity and may reveal the neural mechanisms related to emotion-related features and functional abnormalities following long-term NIHL.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huang Ranran
- Radiology Department, Yantaishan Hospital, Yantai, China
| | - Wang Aijie
- Radiology Department, Yantaishan Hospital, Yantai, China
| | - Zhang Yafei
- Radiology Department, Yantaishan Hospital, Yantai, China
| | - Ba Xinru
- Radiology Department, Yantaishan Hospital, Yantai, China
| | - Lin Yi
- Radiology Department, Yantaishan Hospital, Yantai, China
| | - Bao Xianghua
- Occupational Department, Yantaishan Hospital, Yantai, China
| | - Li Yunxin
- Radiology Department, Yantaishan Hospital, Yantai, China
| | - Li Guochao
- Radiology Department, Yantaishan Hospital, Yantai, China
| | - Zhang Guowei
- Radiology Department, Yantaishan Hospital, Yantai, China
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5
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Song L, Wang P, Li H, Weiss PH, Fink GR, Zhou X, Chen Q. Increased functional connectivity between the auditory cortex and the frontoparietal network compensates for impaired visuomotor transformation after early auditory deprivation. Cereb Cortex 2023; 33:11126-11145. [PMID: 37814363 DOI: 10.1093/cercor/bhad351] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2023] [Revised: 09/04/2023] [Accepted: 09/05/2023] [Indexed: 10/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Early auditory deprivation leads to a reorganization of large-scale brain networks involving and extending beyond the auditory system. It has been documented that visuomotor transformation is impaired after early deafness, associated with a hyper-crosstalk between the task-critical frontoparietal network and the default-mode network. However, it remains unknown whether and how the reorganized large-scale brain networks involving the auditory cortex contribute to impaired visuomotor transformation after early deafness. Here, we asked deaf and early hard of hearing participants and normal hearing controls to judge the spatial location of a visual target. Compared with normal hearing controls, the superior temporal gyrus showed significantly increased functional connectivity with the frontoparietal network and the default-mode network in deaf and early hard of hearing participants, specifically during egocentric judgments. However, increased superior temporal gyrus-frontoparietal network and superior temporal gyrus-default-mode network coupling showed antagonistic effects on egocentric judgments. In deaf and early hard of hearing participants, increased superior temporal gyrus-frontoparietal network connectivity was associated with improved egocentric judgments, whereas increased superior temporal gyrus-default-mode network connectivity was associated with deteriorated performance in the egocentric task. Therefore, the data suggest that the auditory cortex exhibits compensatory neuroplasticity (i.e. increased functional connectivity with the task-critical frontoparietal network) to mitigate impaired visuomotor transformation after early auditory deprivation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li Song
- Center for Studies of Psychological Application and School of Psychology, South China Normal University, Guangzhou 510631, China
| | - Pengfei Wang
- Center for Studies of Psychological Application and School of Psychology, South China Normal University, Guangzhou 510631, China
| | - Hui Li
- Center for Studies of Psychological Application and School of Psychology, South China Normal University, Guangzhou 510631, China
| | - Peter H Weiss
- Cognitive Neuroscience, Institute of Neuroscience and Medicine (INM-3), Research Centre Jülich, Wilhelm-Johnen-Strasse, Jülich 52428, Germany
- Department of Neurology, University Hospital Cologne, Cologne University, Cologne 509737, Germany
| | - Gereon R Fink
- Cognitive Neuroscience, Institute of Neuroscience and Medicine (INM-3), Research Centre Jülich, Wilhelm-Johnen-Strasse, Jülich 52428, Germany
- Department of Neurology, University Hospital Cologne, Cologne University, Cologne 509737, Germany
| | - Xiaolin Zhou
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Mental Health and Psychological Crisis Intervention, School of Psychology and Cognitive Science, East China Normal University, Shanghai 200062, China
| | - Qi Chen
- Center for Studies of Psychological Application and School of Psychology, South China Normal University, Guangzhou 510631, China
- Cognitive Neuroscience, Institute of Neuroscience and Medicine (INM-3), Research Centre Jülich, Wilhelm-Johnen-Strasse, Jülich 52428, Germany
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6
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Cardin V, Kremneva E, Komarova A, Vinogradova V, Davidenko T, Zmeykina E, Kopnin PN, Iriskhanova K, Woll B. Resting-state functional connectivity in deaf and hearing individuals and its link to executive processing. Neuropsychologia 2023; 185:108583. [PMID: 37142052 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuropsychologia.2023.108583] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2022] [Revised: 04/23/2023] [Accepted: 04/27/2023] [Indexed: 05/06/2023]
Abstract
Sensory experience shapes brain structure and function, and it is likely to influence the organisation of functional networks of the brain, including those involved in cognitive processing. Here we investigated the influence of early deafness on the organisation of resting-state networks of the brain and its relation to executive processing. We compared resting-state connectivity between deaf and hearing individuals across 18 functional networks and 400 ROIs. Our results showed significant group differences in connectivity between seeds of the auditory network and most large-scale networks of the brain, in particular the somatomotor and salience/ventral attention networks. When we investigated group differences in resting-state fMRI and their link to behavioural performance in executive function tasks (working memory, inhibition and switching), differences between groups were found in the connectivity of association networks of the brain, such as the salience/ventral attention and default-mode networks. These findings indicate that sensory experience influences not only the organisation of sensory networks, but that it also has a measurable impact on the organisation of association networks supporting cognitive processing. Overall, our findings suggest that different developmental pathways and functional organisation can support executive processing in the adult brain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Velia Cardin
- Deafness, Cognition and Language Research Centre, UCL, London, UK.
| | - Elena Kremneva
- Department of Radiology, Research Center of Neurology, Moscow, Russia
| | - Anna Komarova
- Galina Zaitseva Centre for Deaf Studies and Sign Language, Moscow, Russia; Language Department, Moscow State Linguistics University, Moscow, Russia
| | - Valeria Vinogradova
- Deafness, Cognition and Language Research Centre, UCL, London, UK; Galina Zaitseva Centre for Deaf Studies and Sign Language, Moscow, Russia; School of Psychology, University of East Anglia, Norwich, UK
| | - Tatiana Davidenko
- Galina Zaitseva Centre for Deaf Studies and Sign Language, Moscow, Russia
| | - Elina Zmeykina
- Department of Radiology, Research Center of Neurology, Moscow, Russia; Department of Neurology, University Medical Center Göttingen, Germany
| | - Petr N Kopnin
- Department of Neurorehabilitation and Physiotherapy, Research Center of Neurology, Moscow, Russia
| | - Kira Iriskhanova
- Language Department, Moscow State Linguistics University, Moscow, Russia
| | - Bencie Woll
- Deafness, Cognition and Language Research Centre, UCL, London, UK
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Billig AJ, Lad M, Sedley W, Griffiths TD. The hearing hippocampus. Prog Neurobiol 2022; 218:102326. [PMID: 35870677 PMCID: PMC10510040 DOI: 10.1016/j.pneurobio.2022.102326] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2022] [Revised: 06/08/2022] [Accepted: 07/18/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
The hippocampus has a well-established role in spatial and episodic memory but a broader function has been proposed including aspects of perception and relational processing. Neural bases of sound analysis have been described in the pathway to auditory cortex, but wider networks supporting auditory cognition are still being established. We review what is known about the role of the hippocampus in processing auditory information, and how the hippocampus itself is shaped by sound. In examining imaging, recording, and lesion studies in species from rodents to humans, we uncover a hierarchy of hippocampal responses to sound including during passive exposure, active listening, and the learning of associations between sounds and other stimuli. We describe how the hippocampus' connectivity and computational architecture allow it to track and manipulate auditory information - whether in the form of speech, music, or environmental, emotional, or phantom sounds. Functional and structural correlates of auditory experience are also identified. The extent of auditory-hippocampal interactions is consistent with the view that the hippocampus makes broad contributions to perception and cognition, beyond spatial and episodic memory. More deeply understanding these interactions may unlock applications including entraining hippocampal rhythms to support cognition, and intervening in links between hearing loss and dementia.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Meher Lad
- Translational and Clinical Research Institute, Newcastle University Medical School, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK
| | - William Sedley
- Translational and Clinical Research Institute, Newcastle University Medical School, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK
| | - Timothy D Griffiths
- Biosciences Institute, Newcastle University Medical School, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK; Wellcome Centre for Human Neuroimaging, UCL Queen Square Institute of Neurology, University College London, London, UK; Human Brain Research Laboratory, Department of Neurosurgery, University of Iowa Hospitals and Clinics, Iowa City, USA
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8
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The merits and future of data deep-dives for cognitive neuroscience. Neuropsychologia 2022; 176:108394. [DOI: 10.1016/j.neuropsychologia.2022.108394] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
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9
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Rönnberg J, Signoret C, Andin J, Holmer E. The cognitive hearing science perspective on perceiving, understanding, and remembering language: The ELU model. Front Psychol 2022; 13:967260. [PMID: 36118435 PMCID: PMC9477118 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2022.967260] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2022] [Accepted: 08/08/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The review gives an introductory description of the successive development of data patterns based on comparisons between hearing-impaired and normal hearing participants’ speech understanding skills, later prompting the formulation of the Ease of Language Understanding (ELU) model. The model builds on the interaction between an input buffer (RAMBPHO, Rapid Automatic Multimodal Binding of PHOnology) and three memory systems: working memory (WM), semantic long-term memory (SLTM), and episodic long-term memory (ELTM). RAMBPHO input may either match or mismatch multimodal SLTM representations. Given a match, lexical access is accomplished rapidly and implicitly within approximately 100–400 ms. Given a mismatch, the prediction is that WM is engaged explicitly to repair the meaning of the input – in interaction with SLTM and ELTM – taking seconds rather than milliseconds. The multimodal and multilevel nature of representations held in WM and LTM are at the center of the review, being integral parts of the prediction and postdiction components of language understanding. Finally, some hypotheses based on a selective use-disuse of memory systems mechanism are described in relation to mild cognitive impairment and dementia. Alternative speech perception and WM models are evaluated, and recent developments and generalisations, ELU model tests, and boundaries are discussed.
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Lai K, Liu J, Wang J, Zheng Y, Liang M, Wang S. Resting-state EEG reveals global network deficiency in prelingually deaf children with late cochlear implantation. Front Pediatr 2022; 10:909069. [PMID: 36147821 PMCID: PMC9487891 DOI: 10.3389/fped.2022.909069] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2022] [Accepted: 08/16/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
There are individual differences in rehabilitation after cochlear implantation that can be explained by brain plasticity. However, from the perspective of brain networks, the effect of implantation age on brain plasticity is unclear. The present study investigated electroencephalography functional networks in the resting state, including eyes-closed and eyes-open conditions, in 31 children with early cochlear implantation, 24 children with late cochlear implantation, and 29 children with normal hearing. Resting-state functional connectivity was measured with phase lag index, and we investigated the connectivity between the sensory regions for each frequency band. Network topology was examined using minimum spanning tree to obtain the network backbone characteristics. The results showed stronger connectivity between auditory and visual regions but reduced global network efficiency in children with late cochlear implantation in the theta and alpha bands. Significant correlations were observed between functional backbone characteristics and speech perception scores in children with cochlear implantation. Collectively, these results reveal an important effect of implantation age on the extent of brain plasticity from a network perspective and indicate that characteristics of the brain network can reflect the extent of rehabilitation of children with cochlear implantation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kaiying Lai
- Philosophy and Social Science Laboratory of Reading and Development in Children and Adolescents (South China Normal University), Ministry of Education, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jiahao Liu
- Department of Otolaryngology, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Guangzhou, China
| | - Junbo Wang
- Department of Otolaryngology, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yiqing Zheng
- Department of Otolaryngology, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Guangzhou, China
| | - Maojin Liang
- Department of Otolaryngology, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Guangzhou, China
| | - Suiping Wang
- Philosophy and Social Science Laboratory of Reading and Development in Children and Adolescents (South China Normal University), Ministry of Education, Guangzhou, China
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