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Chichorro JG, Gambeta E, Baggio DF, Zamponi GW. Voltage-gated Calcium Channels as Potential Therapeutic Targets in Migraine. THE JOURNAL OF PAIN 2024; 25:104514. [PMID: 38522594 DOI: 10.1016/j.jpain.2024.03.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2023] [Revised: 03/06/2024] [Accepted: 03/12/2024] [Indexed: 03/26/2024]
Abstract
Migraine is a complex and highly incapacitating neurological disorder that affects around 15% of the general population with greater incidence in women, often at the most productive age of life. Migraine physiopathology is still not fully understood, but it involves multiple mediators and events in the trigeminovascular system and the central nervous system. The identification of calcitonin gene-related peptide as a key mediator in migraine physiopathology has led to the development of effective and highly selective antimigraine therapies. However, this treatment is neither accessible nor effective for all migraine sufferers. Thus, a better understanding of migraine mechanisms and the identification of potential targets are still clearly warranted. Voltage-gated calcium channels (VGCCs) are widely distributed in the trigeminovascular system, and there is accumulating evidence of their contribution to the mechanisms associated with headache pain. Several drugs used in migraine abortive or prophylactic treatment target VGCCs, which probably contributes to their analgesic effect. This review aims to summarize the current evidence of VGGC contribution to migraine physiopathology and to discuss how current pharmacological options for migraine treatment interfere with VGGC function. PERSPECTIVE: Calcitonin gene-related peptide (CGRP) represents a major migraine mediator, but few studies have investigated the relationship between CGRP and VGCCs. CGRP release is calcium channel-dependent and VGGCs are key players in familial migraine. Further studies are needed to determine whether VGCCs are suitable molecular targets for treating migraine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juliana G Chichorro
- Biological Sciences Sector, Department of Pharmacology, Federal University of Parana, Curitiba, Parana, Brazil.
| | - Eder Gambeta
- Cumming School of Medicine, Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Hotchkiss Brain Institute, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada
| | - Darciane F Baggio
- Biological Sciences Sector, Department of Pharmacology, Federal University of Parana, Curitiba, Parana, Brazil
| | - Gerald W Zamponi
- Cumming School of Medicine, Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Hotchkiss Brain Institute, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada
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Menyhárt Á, Bálint AR, Kozák P, Bari F, Farkas E. Nimodipine accelerates the restoration of functional hyperemia during spreading oligemia. J Neurochem 2024; 168:888-898. [PMID: 36810711 DOI: 10.1111/jnc.15792] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2022] [Revised: 02/14/2023] [Accepted: 02/18/2023] [Indexed: 02/24/2023]
Abstract
Spreading depolarization (SD) is assumed to be the pathophysiological correlate of migraine aura, leading to spreading depression of activity and a long-lasting vasoconstriction known as spreading oligemia. Furthermore, cerebrovascular reactivity is reversibly impaired after SD. Here, we explored the progressive restoration of impaired neurovascular coupling to somatosensory activation during spreading oligemia. Also, we evaluated whether nimodipine treatment accelerated the recovery of impaired neurovascular coupling after SD. Male, 4-9-month-old C57BL/6 mice (n = 11) were anesthetized with isoflurane (1%-1.5%), and SD was triggered with KCl through a burr hole made at the caudal parietal bone. EEG and cerebral blood flow (CBF) were recorded minimally invasively with a silver ball electrode and transcranial laser-Doppler flowmetry, rostral to SD elicitation. The L-type voltage-gated Ca2+ channel blocker nimodipine was administered i.p. (10 mg/kg). Whisker stimulation-related evoked potentials (EVPs) and functional hyperemia were assessed under isoflurane (0.1%)-medetomidine (0.1 mg/kg i.p.) anesthesia before, and repeatedly after SD, at 15-min intervals for 75 minutes. Nimodipine accelerated the recovery of CBF from spreading oligemia (time to full recovery, 52 ± 13 vs. 70 ± 8 min, nimodipine vs. control) and exhibited a tendency to shorten the duration of the SD-related EGG depression duration. The amplitudes of EVP and functional hyperemia were markedly reduced after SD, and progressively recovered over an hour post-SD. Nimodipine exerted no impact on EVP amplitude but consistently increased the absolute level of functional hyperemia from 20 min post-CSD (93 ± 11% vs. 66 ± 13%, nimodipine vs. control). A linear, positive correlation between EVP and functional hyperemia amplitude was skewed by nimodipine. In conclusion, nimodipine facilitated CBF restoration from spreading oligemia and the recovery of functional hyperemia post-SD, which were linked to a tendency of an accelerated return of spontaneous neural activity after SD. The use of nimodipine in migraine prophylaxis is suggested to be re-visited.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ákos Menyhárt
- Hungarian Centre of Excellence for Molecular Medicine-University of Szeged, Cerebral Blood Flow and Metabolism Research Group, Szeged, Hungary
- Department of Cell Biology and Molecular Medicine, Albert Szent-Györgyi Medical School and Faculty of Science and Informatics, University of Szeged, Szeged, Hungary
| | - Armand Rafael Bálint
- Department of Cell Biology and Molecular Medicine, Albert Szent-Györgyi Medical School and Faculty of Science and Informatics, University of Szeged, Szeged, Hungary
- Department of Medical Physics and Informatics, Albert Szent-Györgyi Medical School and Faculty of Science and Informatics, University of Szeged, Szeged, Hungary
| | - Péter Kozák
- Department of Cell Biology and Molecular Medicine, Albert Szent-Györgyi Medical School and Faculty of Science and Informatics, University of Szeged, Szeged, Hungary
| | - Ferenc Bari
- Department of Medical Physics and Informatics, Albert Szent-Györgyi Medical School and Faculty of Science and Informatics, University of Szeged, Szeged, Hungary
| | - Eszter Farkas
- Hungarian Centre of Excellence for Molecular Medicine-University of Szeged, Cerebral Blood Flow and Metabolism Research Group, Szeged, Hungary
- Department of Cell Biology and Molecular Medicine, Albert Szent-Györgyi Medical School and Faculty of Science and Informatics, University of Szeged, Szeged, Hungary
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Blaeser AS, Zhao J, Sugden AU, Carneiro-Nascimento S, Andermann ML, Levy D. Sensitization of meningeal afferents to locomotion-related meningeal deformations in a migraine model. eLife 2024; 12:RP91871. [PMID: 38329894 PMCID: PMC10942541 DOI: 10.7554/elife.91871] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/10/2024] Open
Abstract
Migraine headache is hypothesized to involve the activation and sensitization of trigeminal sensory afferents that innervate the cranial meninges. To better understand migraine pathophysiology and improve clinical translation, we used two-photon calcium imaging via a closed cranial window in awake mice to investigate changes in the responses of meningeal afferent fibers using a preclinical model of migraine involving cortical spreading depolarization (CSD). A single CSD episode caused a seconds-long wave of calcium activation that propagated across afferents and along the length of individual afferents. Surprisingly, unlike previous studies in anesthetized animals with exposed meninges, only a very small afferent population was persistently activated in our awake mouse preparation, questioning the relevance of this neuronal response to the onset of migraine pain. In contrast, we identified a larger subset of meningeal afferents that developed augmented responses to acute three-dimensional meningeal deformations that occur in response to locomotion bouts. We observed increased responsiveness in a subset of afferents that were already somewhat sensitive to meningeal deformation before CSD. Furthermore, another subset of previously insensitive afferents also became sensitive to meningeal deformation following CSD. Our data provides new insights into the mechanisms underlying migraine, including the emergence of enhanced meningeal afferent responses to movement-related meningeal deformations as a potential neural substrate underlying the worsening of migraine headache during physical activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrew S Blaeser
- Department of Anesthesia, Critical Care and Pain Medicine, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical SchoolBostonUnited States
| | - Jun Zhao
- Department of Anesthesia, Critical Care and Pain Medicine, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical SchoolBostonUnited States
| | - Arthur U Sugden
- Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes, and Metabolism, Department of Medicine, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical SchoolBostonUnited States
| | - Simone Carneiro-Nascimento
- Department of Anesthesia, Critical Care and Pain Medicine, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical SchoolBostonUnited States
| | - Mark L Andermann
- Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes, and Metabolism, Department of Medicine, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical SchoolBostonUnited States
- Department of Neurobiology, Harvard Medical SchoolBostonUnited States
| | - Dan Levy
- Department of Anesthesia, Critical Care and Pain Medicine, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical SchoolBostonUnited States
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Blaeser AS, Zhao J, Sugden AU, Carneiro-Nascimento S, Andermann ML, Levy D. Sensitization of meningeal afferents to locomotion-related meningeal deformations in a migraine model. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2023:2023.07.31.549838. [PMID: 37577675 PMCID: PMC10418100 DOI: 10.1101/2023.07.31.549838] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/15/2023]
Abstract
Migraine headache is hypothesized to involve the activation and sensitization of trigeminal sensory afferents that innervate the cranial meninges. To better understand migraine pathophysiology and improve clinical translation, we used two-photon calcium imaging via a closed cranial window in awake mice to investigate changes in the responses of meningeal afferent fibers using a preclinical model of migraine involving cortical spreading depolarization (CSD). A single CSD episode caused a seconds-long wave of calcium activation that propagated across afferents and along the length of individual afferents. Surprisingly, unlike previous studies in anesthetized animals with exposed meninges, only a very small afferent population was persistently activated in our awake mouse preparation, questioning the relevance of this neuronal response to the onset of migraine pain. In contrast, we identified a larger subset of meningeal afferents that developed augmented responses to acute three-dimensional meningeal deformations that occur in response to locomotion bouts. We observed increased responsiveness in a subset of afferents that were already somewhat sensitive to meningeal deformation before CSD. Furthermore, another subset of previously insensitive afferents also became sensitive to meningeal deformation following CSD. Our data provides new insights into the mechanisms underlying migraine, including the emergence of enhanced meningeal afferent responses to movement-related meningeal deformations as a potential neural substrate underlying the worsening of migraine headache during physical activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrew S Blaeser
- Department of Anesthesia, Critical Care and Pain Medicine, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, 02215, USA
| | - Jun Zhao
- Department of Anesthesia, Critical Care and Pain Medicine, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, 02215, USA
| | - Arthur U Sugden
- Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes, and Metabolism, Department of Medicine, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, 02215, USA
| | - Simone Carneiro-Nascimento
- Department of Anesthesia, Critical Care and Pain Medicine, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, 02215, USA
| | - Mark L Andermann
- Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes, and Metabolism, Department of Medicine, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, 02215, USA
- Department of Neurobiology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, 02115, USA
| | - Dan Levy
- Department of Anesthesia, Critical Care and Pain Medicine, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, 02215, USA
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Antunes FTT, Campos MM, Carvalho VDPR, da Silva Junior CA, Magno LAV, de Souza AH, Gomez MV. Current Drug Development Overview: Targeting Voltage-Gated Calcium Channels for the Treatment of Pain. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24119223. [PMID: 37298174 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24119223] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2023] [Revised: 04/29/2023] [Accepted: 05/02/2023] [Indexed: 06/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Voltage-gated calcium channels (VGCCs) are targeted to treat pain conditions. Since the discovery of their relation to pain processing control, they are investigated to find new strategies for better pain control. This review provides an overview of naturally based and synthetic VGCC blockers, highlighting new evidence on the development of drugs focusing on the VGCC subtypes as well as mixed targets with pre-clinical and clinical analgesic effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Flavia Tasmin Techera Antunes
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB T2N 1N4, Canada
- Hotchkiss Brain Institute, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB T2N 1N4, Canada
| | - Maria Martha Campos
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Odontologia, Escola de Ciências da Saúde e da Vida, Pontifícia Universidade Católica do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre 90619-900, RS, Brazil
| | | | | | - Luiz Alexandre Viana Magno
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências da Saúde, Faculdade Ciências Médicas de Minas Gerais (FCMMG), Belo Horizonte 30110-005, MG, Brazil
| | - Alessandra Hubner de Souza
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências da Saúde, Faculdade Ciências Médicas de Minas Gerais (FCMMG), Belo Horizonte 30110-005, MG, Brazil
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Rollo E, Romozzi M, Vollono C, Calabresi P, Geppetti P, Iannone LF. Antiseizure Medications for the Prophylaxis of Migraine during the Anti- CGRP Drugs Era. Curr Neuropharmacol 2023; 21:1767-1785. [PMID: 36582062 PMCID: PMC10514541 DOI: 10.2174/1570159x21666221228095256] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2022] [Revised: 11/26/2022] [Accepted: 12/01/2022] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Migraine and epilepsy are fundamentally distinct disorders that can frequently coexist in the same patient. These two conditions significantly differ in diagnosis and therapy but share some widely- used preventive treatments. Antiseizure medications (ASMs) are the mainstay of therapy for epilepsy, and about thirty different ASMs are available to date. ASMs are widely prescribed for other neurological and non-neurological conditions, including migraine. However, only topiramate and valproic acid/valproate currently have an indication for migraine prophylaxis supported by high-quality evidence. Although without specifically approved indications and with a low level of evidence or recommendation, several other ASMs are used for migraine prophylaxis. Understanding ASM antimigraine mechanisms, including their ability to affect the pro-migraine calcitonin gene-related peptide (CGRP) signaling pathway and other pathways, may be instrumental in identifying the specific targets of their antimigraine efficacy and may increase awareness of the neurobiological differences between epilepsy and migraine. Several new ASMs are under clinical testing or have been approved for epilepsy in recent years, providing novel potential drugs for migraine prevention to enrich the treatment armamentarium and drugs that inhibit the CGRP pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eleonora Rollo
- Dipartimento Universitario di Neuroscienze, University Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Rome, Italy
| | - Marina Romozzi
- Dipartimento Universitario di Neuroscienze, University Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Rome, Italy
| | - Catello Vollono
- Dipartimento Universitario di Neuroscienze, University Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Rome, Italy
- Neurofisiopatologia, Dipartimento di Scienze dell’invecchiamento, Neurologiche, Ortopediche e della Testa-Collo, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario Agostino Gemelli IRCCS, Rome, Italy
| | - Paolo Calabresi
- Dipartimento Universitario di Neuroscienze, University Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Rome, Italy
- Neurologia, Dipartimento di Scienze dell’invecchiamento, Neurologiche, Ortopediche e della Testa-Collo, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario Agostino Gemelli IRCCS, Rome, Italy
| | - Pierangelo Geppetti
- Section of Clinical Pharmacology and Oncology, Department of Health Sciences, University of Florence, Florence, Italy
- Headache Center and Clinical Pharmacology Unit, Careggi University Hospital, Florence, Italy
| | - Luigi F. Iannone
- Section of Clinical Pharmacology and Oncology, Department of Health Sciences, University of Florence, Florence, Italy
- Headache Center and Clinical Pharmacology Unit, Careggi University Hospital, Florence, Italy
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7
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Wang Y, Wang Y, Yue G, Zhao Y. Energy metabolism disturbance in migraine: From a mitochondrial point of view. Front Physiol 2023; 14:1133528. [PMID: 37123270 PMCID: PMC10133718 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2023.1133528] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2023] [Accepted: 03/20/2023] [Indexed: 05/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Migraine is a serious central nervous system disease with a high incidence rate. Its pathogenesis is very complex, which brings great difficulties for clinical treatment. Recently, many studies have revealed that mitochondrial dysfunction may play a key role in migraine, which affects the hyperosmotic of Ca2+, the excessive production of free radicals, the decrease of mitochondrial membrane potential, the imbalance of mPTP opening and closing, and the decrease of oxidative phosphorylation level, which leads to neuronal energy exhaustion and apoptosis, and finally lessens the pain threshold and migraine attack. This article mainly introduces cortical spreading depression, a pathogenesis of migraine, and then damages the related function of mitochondria, which leads to migraine. Oxidative phosphorylation and the tricarboxylic acid cycle are the main ways to provide energy for the body. 95 percent of the energy needed for cell survival is provided by the mitochondrial respiratory chain. At the same time, hypoxia can lead to cell death and migraine. The pathological opening of the mitochondrial permeability transition pore can promote the interaction between pro-apoptotic protein and mitochondrial, destroy the structure of mPTP, and further lead to cell death. The increase of mPTP permeability can promote the accumulation of reactive oxygen species, which leads to a series of changes in the expression of proteins related to energy metabolism. Both Nitric oxide and Calcitonin gene-related peptide are closely related to the attack of migraine. Recent studies have shown that changes in their contents can also affect the energy metabolism of the body, so this paper reviews the above mechanisms and discusses the mechanism of brain energy metabolism of migraine, to provide new strategies for the prevention and treatment of migraine and promote the development of individualized and accurate treatment of migraine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yicheng Wang
- Department of Neurology, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Yongli Wang
- Department of Neurology, Xiamen Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Xiamen, China
| | - Guangxin Yue
- Institute of Basic Theory for Chinese Medicine, Chinese Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Yonglie Zhao
- Department of Neurology, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
- *Correspondence: Yonglie Zhao,
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Antunes FTT, De Souza AH, Figueira J, Binda NS, Carvalho VPR, Vieira LB, Gomez MV. Targeting N-type calcium channels in young-onset of some neurological diseases. Front Cell Dev Biol 2022; 10:1090765. [PMID: 36601540 PMCID: PMC9806183 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2022.1090765] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2022] [Accepted: 12/08/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Calcium (Ca 2+) is an important second messenger in charge of many critical processes in the central nervous system (CNS), including membrane excitability, neurotransmission, learning, memory, cell proliferation, and apoptosis. In this way, the voltage-gated calcium channels (VGCCs) act as a key supply for Ca2+ entry into the cytoplasm and organelles. Importantly, the dysregulation of these channels has been reported in many neurological diseases of young-onset, with associated genetic factors, such as migraine, multiple sclerosis, and Huntington's disease. Notably, the literature has pointed to the role of N-type Ca2+ channels (NTCCs) in controlling a variety of processes, including pain, inflammation, and excitotoxicity. Moreover, several Ca2+ channel blockers that are used for therapeutic purposes have been shown to act on the N-type channels. Therefore, this review provides an overview of the NTCCs in neurological disorders focusing mainly on Huntington's disease, multiple sclerosis, and migraine. It will discuss possible strategies to generate novel therapeutic strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Flavia Tasmin Techera Antunes
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada,Hotchkiss Brain Institute, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada
| | - Alessandra Hubner De Souza
- Post-Graduate Program of Health Sciences, Faculdade de Ciências Médicas de, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil,*Correspondence: Alessandra Hubner De Souza, ; Marcus Vinícius Gomez,
| | - Juliana Figueira
- Pharmacology Department, Universidade Federal de Ouro Preto, Ouro Preto, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Nancy Scardua Binda
- Pharmacology Department, Universidade Federal de Ouro Preto, Ouro Preto, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | | | - Luciene Bruno Vieira
- Pharmacology Departament, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Brazil
| | - Marcus Vinícius Gomez
- Graduate Program in Health Sciences, Faculty Santa Casa BH, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil,*Correspondence: Alessandra Hubner De Souza, ; Marcus Vinícius Gomez,
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Abstract
Headache disorders can produce recurrent, incapacitating pain. Migraine and cluster headache are notable for their ability to produce significant disability. The anatomy and physiology of headache disorders is fundamental to evolving treatment approaches and research priorities. Key concepts in headache mechanisms include activation and sensitization of trigeminovascular, brainstem, thalamic, and hypothalamic neurons; modulation of cortical brain regions; and activation of descending pain circuits. This review will examine the relevant anatomy of the trigeminal, brainstem, subcortical, and cortical brain regions and concepts related to the pathophysiology of migraine and cluster headache disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrea M Harriott
- Department of Neurology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Yulia Orlova
- Department of Neurology, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida
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Hoffmann T, Kistner K, Joksimovic SLJ, Todorovic SM, Reeh PW, Sauer SK. Painful diabetic neuropathy leads to functional Ca V3.2 expression and spontaneous activity in skin nociceptors of mice. Exp Neurol 2021; 346:113838. [PMID: 34450183 PMCID: PMC8549116 DOI: 10.1016/j.expneurol.2021.113838] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2021] [Revised: 07/15/2021] [Accepted: 08/07/2021] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
Painful diabetic neuropathy occurs in approximately 20% of diabetic patients with underlying pathomechanisms not fully understood. We evaluated the contribution of the CaV3.2 isoform of T-type calcium channel to hyperglycemia-induced changes in cutaneous sensory C-fiber functions and neuropeptide release employing the streptozotocin (STZ) diabetes model in congenic mouse strains including global knockouts (KOs). Hyperglycemia established for 3-5 weeks in male C57BL/6J mice led to major reorganizations in peripheral C-fiber functions. Unbiased electrophysiological screening of mechanosensitive single-fibers in isolated hairy hindpaw skin revealed a relative loss of (polymodal) heat sensing in favor of cold sensing. In healthy CaV3.2 KO mice both heat and cold sensitivity among the C-fibers seemed underrepresented in favor of exclusive mechanosensitivity, low-threshold in particular, which deficit became significant in the diabetic KOs. Diabetes also led to a marked increase in the incidence of spontaneous discharge activity among the C-fibers of wildtype mice, which was reduced by the specific CaV3.2 blocker TTA-P2 and largely absent in the KOs. Evaluation restricted to the peptidergic class of nerve fibers - measuring KCl-stimulated CGRP release - revealed a marked reduction in the sciatic nerve by TTA-P2 in healthy but not diabetic wildtypes, the latter showing CGRP release that was as much reduced as in healthy and, to the same extent, in diabetic CaV3.2 KOs. These data suggest that diabetes abrogates all CaV3.2 functionality in the peripheral nerve axons. In striking contrast, diabetes markedly increased the KCl-stimulated CGRP release from isolated hairy skin of wildtypes but not KO mice, and TTA-P2 reversed this increase, strongly suggesting a de novo expression of CaV3.2 in peptidergic cutaneous nerve endings which may contribute to the enhanced spontaneous activity. De-glycosylation by neuraminidase showed clear desensitizing effects, both in regard to spontaneous activity and stimulated CGRP release, but included actions independent of CaV3.2. However, as diabetes-enhanced glycosylation is decisive for intra-axonal trafficking, it may account for the substantial reorganizations of the CaV3.2 distribution. The results may strengthen the validation of CaV3.2 channel as a therapeutic target of treating painful diabetic neuropathy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tal Hoffmann
- Institute for Physiology and Pathophysiology, University of Erlangen-Nuremberg, Universitaetsstrasse 17, 91054 Erlangen, Germany
| | - Katrin Kistner
- Institute for Physiology and Pathophysiology, University of Erlangen-Nuremberg, Universitaetsstrasse 17, 91054 Erlangen, Germany
| | - Sonja L J Joksimovic
- Department of Anesthesiology, University of Colorado Denver, Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO 80045, USA
| | - Slobodan M Todorovic
- Department of Anesthesiology, University of Colorado Denver, Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO 80045, USA
| | - Peter W Reeh
- Institute for Physiology and Pathophysiology, University of Erlangen-Nuremberg, Universitaetsstrasse 17, 91054 Erlangen, Germany
| | - Susanne K Sauer
- Institute for Physiology and Pathophysiology, University of Erlangen-Nuremberg, Universitaetsstrasse 17, 91054 Erlangen, Germany.
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11
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Excitatory Effects of Calcitonin Gene-Related Peptide (CGRP) on Superficial Sp5C Neurons in Mouse Medullary Slices. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms22073794. [PMID: 33917574 PMCID: PMC8038766 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22073794] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2021] [Revised: 04/02/2021] [Accepted: 04/04/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
The neuromodulator calcitonin gene-related peptide (CGRP) is known to facilitate nociceptive transmission in the superficial laminae of the spinal trigeminal nucleus caudalis (Sp5C). The central effects of CGRP in the Sp5C are very likely to contribute to the activation of central nociceptive pathways leading to attacks of severe headaches like migraine. To examine the potential impacts of CGRP on laminae I/II neurons at cellular and synaptic levels, we performed whole-cell patch-clamp recordings in juvenile mouse brainstem slices. First, we tested the effect of CGRP on cell excitability, focusing on neurons with tonically firing action potentials upon depolarizing current injection. CGRP (100 nM) enhanced tonic discharges together with membrane depolarization, an excitatory effect that was significantly reduced when the fast synaptic transmissions were pharmacologically blocked. However, CGRP at 500 nM was capable of exciting the functionally isolated cells, in a nifedipine-sensitive manner, indicating its direct effect on membrane intrinsic properties. In voltage-clamped cells, 100 nM CGRP effectively increased the frequency of excitatory synaptic inputs, suggesting its preferential presynaptic effect. Both CGRP-induced changes in cell excitability and synaptic drives were prevented by the CGRP receptor inhibitor BIBN 4096BS. Our data provide evidence that CGRP increases neuronal activity in Sp5C superficial laminae by dose-dependently promoting excitatory synaptic drive and directly enhancing cell intrinsic properties. We propose that the combination of such pre- and postsynaptic actions of CGRP might underlie its facilitation in nociceptive transmission in situations like migraine with elevated CGRP levels.
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12
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Kowalska M, Prendecki M, Piekut T, Kozubski W, Dorszewska J. Migraine: Calcium Channels and Glia. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:2688. [PMID: 33799975 PMCID: PMC7962070 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22052688] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2021] [Revised: 02/26/2021] [Accepted: 03/03/2021] [Indexed: 01/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Migraine is a common neurological disease that affects about 11% of the adult population. The disease is divided into two main clinical subtypes: migraine with aura and migraine without aura. According to the neurovascular theory of migraine, the activation of the trigeminovascular system (TGVS) and the release of numerous neuropeptides, including calcitonin gene-related peptide (CGRP) are involved in headache pathogenesis. TGVS can be activated by cortical spreading depression (CSD), a phenomenon responsible for the aura. The mechanism of CSD, stemming in part from aberrant interactions between neurons and glia have been studied in models of familial hemiplegic migraine (FHM), a rare monogenic form of migraine with aura. The present review focuses on those interactions, especially as seen in FHM type 1, a variant of the disease caused by a mutation in CACNA1A, which encodes the α1A subunit of the P/Q-type voltage-gated calcium channel.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marta Kowalska
- Laboratory of Neurobiology, Department of Neurology, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, 49 Przybyszewskiego St., 60-355 Poznan, Poland; (M.K.); (M.P.); (T.P.)
| | - Michał Prendecki
- Laboratory of Neurobiology, Department of Neurology, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, 49 Przybyszewskiego St., 60-355 Poznan, Poland; (M.K.); (M.P.); (T.P.)
| | - Thomas Piekut
- Laboratory of Neurobiology, Department of Neurology, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, 49 Przybyszewskiego St., 60-355 Poznan, Poland; (M.K.); (M.P.); (T.P.)
| | - Wojciech Kozubski
- Chair and Department of Neurology, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, 49 Przybyszewskiego St., 60-355 Poznan, Poland;
| | - Jolanta Dorszewska
- Laboratory of Neurobiology, Department of Neurology, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, 49 Przybyszewskiego St., 60-355 Poznan, Poland; (M.K.); (M.P.); (T.P.)
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13
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Khanna R, Moutal A, Perez-Miller S, Chefdeville A, Boinon L, Patek M. Druggability of CRMP2 for Neurodegenerative Diseases. ACS Chem Neurosci 2020; 11:2492-2505. [PMID: 32693579 DOI: 10.1021/acschemneuro.0c00307] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Collapsin response mediator proteins (CRMPs) are ubiquitously expressed phosphoproteins that coordinate cytoskeletal formation and regulate cellular division, migration, polarity, and synaptic connection. CRMP2, the most studied of the five family members, is best known for its affinity for tubulin heterodimers and function in regulating the microtubule network. Accumulating evidence has also demonstrated a key role for CRMP2 in trafficking of voltage- and ligand-gated ion channels. These functions are tightly regulated by post-translational modifications including phosphorylation and SUMOylation (addition of a small ubiquitin like modifier). Over the past decade, it has become increasingly clear that dysregulated post-translational modifications of CRMP2 contribute to the pathomechanisms of diverse diseases, including cancer, neurodegenerative diseases, chronic pain, and bipolar disorder. Here, we review the discovery, functions, and current putative preclinical and clinical therapeutics targeting CRMP2. These potential therapeutics include CRMP2-based peptides that inhibit protein-protein interactions and small-molecule compounds. Capitalizing on the availability of structural information, we identify druggable pockets on CRMP2 and predict binding modes for five known CRMP2-targeting compounds, setting the stage for optimization and de novo drug discovery targeting this multifunctional protein.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rajesh Khanna
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Medicine, University of Arizona, Tucson, Arizona 85724, United States
- Graduate Interdisciplinary Program in Neuroscience, College of Medicine, University of Arizona, Tucson, Arizona 85724, United States
- The Center for Innovation in Brain Sciences, The University of Arizona Health Sciences, Tucson, Arizona 85724, United States
- Regulonix LLC, Tucson, Arizona 85718, United States
| | - Aubin Moutal
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Medicine, University of Arizona, Tucson, Arizona 85724, United States
| | - Samantha Perez-Miller
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Medicine, University of Arizona, Tucson, Arizona 85724, United States
| | - Aude Chefdeville
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Medicine, University of Arizona, Tucson, Arizona 85724, United States
| | - Lisa Boinon
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Medicine, University of Arizona, Tucson, Arizona 85724, United States
| | - Marcel Patek
- BrightRock Path, LLC, Tucson, Arizona 85704, United States
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14
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Liang H, Hu H, Shan D, Lyu J, Yan X, Wang Y, Jian F, Li X, Lai W, Long H. CGRP Modulates Orofacial Pain through Mediating Neuron-Glia Crosstalk. J Dent Res 2020; 100:98-105. [PMID: 32853530 DOI: 10.1177/0022034520950296] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Calcitonin gene-related peptide (CGRP) plays a crucial role in the modulation of orofacial pain, and we hypothesized that CGRP mediated a neuron-glia crosstalk in orofacial pain. The objective of this study was to elucidate the mechanisms whereby CGRP mediated trigeminal neuron-glia crosstalk in modulating orofacial pain. Orofacial pain was elicited by ligating closed-coil springs between incisors and molars. Trigeminal neurons and satellite glial cells (SGCs) were cultured for mechanistic exploration. Gene and protein expression were determined through immunostaining, polymerase chain reaction, and Western blot. Orofacial pain was evaluated through the rat grimace scale. Our results revealed that the expressions of CGRP were elevated in both trigeminal neurons and SGCs following the induction of orofacial pain. Intraganglionic administration of CGRP and olcegepant exacerbated and alleviated orofacial pain, respectively. The knockdown of CGRP through viral vector-mediated RNA interference was able to downregulate CGRP expressions in both neurons and SGCs and to alleviate orofacial pain. CGRP upregulated the expression of inducible nitric oxide synthase through the p38 signaling pathway in cultured SGCs. In turn, L-arginine (nitric oxide donor) was able to enhance orofacial pain by upregulating CGRP expressions in vivo. In cultured trigeminal neurons, L-arginine upregulated the expression of CGRP, and this effect was diminished by cilnidipine (N-type calcium channel blocker) while not by mibefradil (L-type calcium channel blocker). In conclusion, CGRP modulated orofacial pain through upregulating the expression of nitric oxide through the p38 signaling pathway in SGCs, and the resulting nitric oxide in turn stimulated CGRP expression through N-type calcium channel in neurons, building a CGRP-mediated positive-feedback neuron-glia crosstalk.
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Affiliation(s)
- H Liang
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases & Department of Orthodontics, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China.,Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases of Gansu Province, Northwest Minzu University; Key Laboratory of Stomatology of State Ethnic Affairs Commission, Northwest Minzu University, Lanzhou, Gansu, China
| | - H Hu
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases & Department of Orthodontics, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - D Shan
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases & Department of Orthodontics, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - J Lyu
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases & Department of Orthodontics, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - X Yan
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases & Department of Orthodontics, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Y Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases & Department of Orthodontics, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - F Jian
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases & Department of Orthodontics, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - X Li
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases & Department of Orthodontics, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - W Lai
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases & Department of Orthodontics, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - H Long
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases & Department of Orthodontics, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
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15
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Mecklenburg J, Sanchez Del Rio M, Reuter U. Cluster headache therapies: pharmacology and mode of action. Expert Rev Clin Pharmacol 2020; 13:641-654. [DOI: 10.1080/17512433.2020.1774361] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Jasper Mecklenburg
- Department of Neurology, Charité Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | | | - Uwe Reuter
- Department of Neurology, Charité Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
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16
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Christensen SL, Munro G, Petersen S, Shabir A, Jansen-Olesen I, Kristensen DM, Olesen J. ATP sensitive potassium (K ATP) channel inhibition: A promising new drug target for migraine. Cephalalgia 2020; 40:650-664. [PMID: 32418458 DOI: 10.1177/0333102420925513] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Recently, the adenosine triphosphate (ATP) sensitive potassium channel opener levcromakalim was shown to induce migraine attacks with a far higher incidence than any previous provoking agent such as calcitonin gene-related peptide. Here, we show efficacy of ATP sensitive potassium channel inhibitors in two validated rodent models of migraine. METHODS In female spontaneous trigeminal allodynic rats, the sensitivity of the frontal region of the head was tested by an electronic von Frey filament device. In mice, cutaneous hypersensitivity was induced by repeated glyceryl trinitrate or levcromakalim injections over nine days, as measured with von Frey filaments in the hindpaw. Release of calcitonin gene-related peptide from dura mater and trigeminal ganglion was studied ex vivo. RESULTS The ATP sensitive potassium channel inhibitor glibenclamide attenuated the spontaneous cephalic hypersensitivity in spontaneous trigeminal allodynic rats and glyceryl trinitrate-induced hypersensitivity of the hindpaw in mice. It also inhibited CGRP release from dura mater and the trigeminal ganglion isolated from spontaneous trigeminal allodynic rats. The hypersensitivity was also diminished by the structurally different ATP sensitive potassium channel inhibitor gliquidone. Mice injected with the ATP sensitive potassium channel opener levcromakalim developed a progressive hypersensitivity that was completely blocked by glibenclamide, confirming target engagement. CONCLUSION The results suggest that ATP sensitive potassium channel inhibitors could be novel and highly effective drugs in the treatment of migraine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sarah L Christensen
- Danish Headache Center, Department of Neurology, Glostrup Research Institute, Righospitalet Glostrup, Glostrup, Denmark
| | - Gordon Munro
- Danish Headache Center, Department of Neurology, Glostrup Research Institute, Righospitalet Glostrup, Glostrup, Denmark
| | - Steffen Petersen
- Danish Headache Center, Department of Neurology, Glostrup Research Institute, Righospitalet Glostrup, Glostrup, Denmark
| | - Anmool Shabir
- Danish Headache Center, Department of Neurology, Glostrup Research Institute, Righospitalet Glostrup, Glostrup, Denmark
| | - Inger Jansen-Olesen
- Danish Headache Center, Department of Neurology, Glostrup Research Institute, Righospitalet Glostrup, Glostrup, Denmark
| | - David M Kristensen
- Danish Headache Center, Department of Neurology, Glostrup Research Institute, Righospitalet Glostrup, Glostrup, Denmark.,Univ Rennes, Inserm, EHESP, Irset (Research Center for Environmental and Occupational Health), Rennes, France
| | - Jes Olesen
- Danish Headache Center, Department of Neurology, Glostrup Research Institute, Righospitalet Glostrup, Glostrup, Denmark
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17
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Analgesic effects of the CTK 01512-2 toxin in different models of orofacial pain in rats. Pharmacol Rep 2020; 72:600-611. [PMID: 32399819 DOI: 10.1007/s43440-020-00108-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/26/2019] [Revised: 04/17/2020] [Accepted: 04/23/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Orofacial pain is clinically challenging, having therapeutic failures and side effects. This study evaluated the antinociceptive activities of the CTK 01512-2 toxin, the TRPA1 channel antagonist, and the selective inhibitor of the N-type voltage-gated calcium channels (N-type VGCC), in different pain models. MATERIALS AND METHODS The trigeminal ganglia were stimulated in vitro with capsaicin. The in vivo models received subcutaneous (sc) injections of formalin into the upper lip of the rats, Freund's Complete Adjuvant (FCA) into the temporomandibular joint (TMJ), and infraorbital nerve constrictions (IONC). CTK 01512-2 at concentrations of 30, 100, and 300 pmol/site, intrathecally (ith), and MVIIA at 10, 30, and 100 pmol/site in the formalin test, guided the doses for the models. The glutamate levels in the CSF of the rats that were submitted to IONC were analyzed. RESULTS CTK 01512-2 decreased the nociceptive behavior in the inflammatory phase of the formalin test (65.94 ± 7.35%) and MVIIA in the neurogenic phase (81.23 ± 3.36%). CTK 01512-2 reduced facial grooming with FCA in the TMJ (96.7 ± 1.6%), and in the IONC neuropathy model, it decreased heat hyperalgesia (100%) and cold hyperalgesia (81.61 ± 9.02%). The levels of glutamate in the trigeminal ganglia in vitro (81.40 ± 8.59%) and in the CSF in vivo (70.0 ± 9.2%) were reduced. CONCLUSIONS The roles of TRPA1 in pain transduction and the performance of CTK 01512-2 in the inhibition of the N-type VGCCs were reinforced. This dual activity may represent an advantage in clinical treatments.
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18
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Phoneutria toxin PnTx3-5 inhibits TRPV1 channel with antinociceptive action in an orofacial pain model. Neuropharmacology 2020; 162:107826. [DOI: 10.1016/j.neuropharm.2019.107826] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2019] [Revised: 09/05/2019] [Accepted: 10/18/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
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19
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Lee S, Jo S, Talbot S, Zhang HXB, Kotoda M, Andrews NA, Puopolo M, Liu PW, Jacquemont T, Pascal M, Heckman LM, Jain A, Lee J, Woolf CJ, Bean BP. Novel charged sodium and calcium channel inhibitor active against neurogenic inflammation. eLife 2019; 8:48118. [PMID: 31765298 PMCID: PMC6877086 DOI: 10.7554/elife.48118] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2019] [Accepted: 11/13/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Voltage-dependent sodium and calcium channels in pain-initiating nociceptor neurons are attractive targets for new analgesics. We made a permanently charged cationic derivative of an N-type calcium channel-inhibitor. Unlike cationic derivatives of local anesthetic sodium channel blockers like QX-314, this cationic compound inhibited N-type calcium channels more effectively with extracellular than intracellular application. Surprisingly, the compound is also a highly effective sodium channel inhibitor when applied extracellularly, producing more potent inhibition than lidocaine or bupivacaine. The charged inhibitor produced potent and long-lasting analgesia in mouse models of incisional wound and inflammatory pain, inhibited release of the neuropeptide calcitonin gene-related peptide (CGRP) from dorsal root ganglion neurons, and reduced inflammation in a mouse model of allergic asthma, which has a strong neurogenic component. The results show that some cationic molecules applied extracellularly can powerfully inhibit both sodium channels and calcium channels, thereby blocking both nociceptor excitability and pro-inflammatory peptide release.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seungkyu Lee
- FM Kirby Neurobiology Research Center, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, United States
| | - Sooyeon Jo
- Department of Neurobiology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, United States
| | - Sébastien Talbot
- Département de Pharmacologie et Physiologie, Université de Montréal, Montréal, Canada
| | | | - Masakazu Kotoda
- FM Kirby Neurobiology Research Center, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, United States
| | - Nick A Andrews
- FM Kirby Neurobiology Research Center, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, United States
| | - Michelino Puopolo
- Department of Anesthesiology, Renaissance School of Medicine at Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, United States
| | - Pin W Liu
- Department of Neurobiology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, United States
| | - Thomas Jacquemont
- FM Kirby Neurobiology Research Center, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, United States
| | - Maud Pascal
- FM Kirby Neurobiology Research Center, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, United States
| | - Laurel M Heckman
- FM Kirby Neurobiology Research Center, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, United States
| | - Aakanksha Jain
- FM Kirby Neurobiology Research Center, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, United States
| | - Jinbo Lee
- Sage Partner International, Andover, United States
| | - Clifford J Woolf
- FM Kirby Neurobiology Research Center, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, United States.,Department of Neurobiology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, United States
| | - Bruce P Bean
- Department of Neurobiology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, United States
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20
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Petersen AS, Barloese MCJ, Snoer A, Soerensen AMS, Jensen RH. Verapamil and Cluster Headache: Still a Mystery. A Narrative Review of Efficacy, Mechanisms and Perspectives. Headache 2019; 59:1198-1211. [DOI: 10.1111/head.13603] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 06/27/2019] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Anja S. Petersen
- Department of Neurology, Danish Headache Center Rigshospitalet‐Glostrup Glostrup Denmark
| | - Mads C. J. Barloese
- Department of Neurology, Danish Headache Center Rigshospitalet‐Glostrup Glostrup Denmark
- Department of Clinical Physiology and Nuclear Medicine, Center for Functional and Diagnostic Imaging Hvidovre Hospital Hvidovre Denmark
| | - Agneta Snoer
- Department of Neurology, Danish Headache Center Rigshospitalet‐Glostrup Glostrup Denmark
| | - Anne Mette S. Soerensen
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology Bispebjerg and Frederiksberg Hospital Copenhagen Denmark
| | - Rigmor H. Jensen
- Department of Neurology, Danish Headache Center Rigshospitalet‐Glostrup Glostrup Denmark
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21
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Balaban CD, Black RD, Silberstein SD. Vestibular Neuroscience for the Headache Specialist. Headache 2019; 59:1109-1127. [DOI: 10.1111/head.13550] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 04/17/2019] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Carey D. Balaban
- Department of Otolaryngology University of Pittsburgh Pittsburgh PA USA
- Department of Neurobiology University of Pittsburgh Pittsburgh PA USA
- Department of Communication Sciences and Disorders University of Pittsburgh Pittsburgh PA USA
- Department of Bioengineering University of Pittsburgh Pittsburgh PA USA
| | | | - Stephen D. Silberstein
- Jefferson Headache Center, Department of Neurology Thomas Jefferson University Philadelphia PA USA
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22
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Chan KY, Labastida-Ramírez A, Ramírez-Rosas MB, Labruijere S, Garrelds IM, Danser AH, van den Maagdenberg AM, MaassenVanDenBrink A. Trigeminovascular calcitonin gene-related peptide function in Cacna1a R192Q-mutated knock-in mice. J Cereb Blood Flow Metab 2019; 39:718-729. [PMID: 28792272 PMCID: PMC6446415 DOI: 10.1177/0271678x17725673] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
Familial hemiplegic migraine type 1 (FHM1) is a rare migraine subtype. Whereas transgenic knock-in mice with the human pathogenic FHM1 R192Q missense mutation in the Cacna1a gene reveal overall neuronal hyperexcitability, the effects on the trigeminovascular system and calcitonin gene-related peptide (CGRP) receptor are largely unknown. This gains relevance as blockade of CGRP and its receptor are therapeutic targets under development. Hence, we set out to test these effects in FHM1 mice. We characterized the trigeminovascular system of wild-type and FHM1 mice through: (i) in vivo capsaicin- and CGRP-induced dural vasodilation in a closed-cranial window; (ii) ex vivo KCl-induced CGRP release from isolated dura mater, trigeminal ganglion and trigeminal nucleus caudalis; and (iii) peripheral vascular function in vitro . In mutant mice, dural vasodilatory responses were significantly decreased compared to controls. The ex vivo release of CGRP was not different in the components of the trigeminovascular system between genotypes; however, sumatriptan diminished the release in the trigeminal ganglion, trigeminal nucleus caudalis and dura mater but only in wild-type mice. Peripheral vascular function was similar between genotypes. These data suggest that the R192Q mutation might be associated with trigeminovascular CGRP receptor desensitization. Novel antimigraine drugs should be able to revert this complex phenomenon.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kayi Y Chan
- 1 Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Vascular Medicine and Pharmacology, Erasmus MC, Rotterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Alejandro Labastida-Ramírez
- 1 Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Vascular Medicine and Pharmacology, Erasmus MC, Rotterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Martha B Ramírez-Rosas
- 1 Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Vascular Medicine and Pharmacology, Erasmus MC, Rotterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Sieneke Labruijere
- 1 Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Vascular Medicine and Pharmacology, Erasmus MC, Rotterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Ingrid M Garrelds
- 1 Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Vascular Medicine and Pharmacology, Erasmus MC, Rotterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Alexander Hj Danser
- 1 Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Vascular Medicine and Pharmacology, Erasmus MC, Rotterdam, the Netherlands
| | | | - Antoinette MaassenVanDenBrink
- 1 Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Vascular Medicine and Pharmacology, Erasmus MC, Rotterdam, the Netherlands
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23
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Parikh SK, Silberstein SD. Current Status of Antiepileptic Drugs as Preventive Migraine Therapy. Curr Treat Options Neurol 2019; 21:16. [PMID: 30880369 DOI: 10.1007/s11940-019-0558-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Antiepileptic drugs (AEDs) are an important class of agents used in the treatment of migraine, a neurological disorder that imparts significant socioeconomic burden. It is important for neurologists to understand the rationale for AEDs in migraine-preventive treatment, as well as each agent's efficacy and tolerability profile, in order to best determine clinical care. PURPOSE OF THIS REVIEW This article specifically provides the following: (1) a review of the mechanism of action, efficacy, and tolerability of topiramate and divalproex sodium/sodium valproate, the most widely used AEDs for migraine prevention, (2) a discussion on emerging evidence regarding the efficacy of zonisamide and levetiracetam, and (3) comments on gabapentin, pregabalin, carbamazepine, oxcarbazepine, and lamotrigine, AEDs which have insufficient evidence for use in migraine prevention. RECENT FINDINGS The potential role for new extended-release formulations of topiramate in migraine prevention is discussed. There is substantial evidence supporting the use of AEDs in migraine prevention. Specific agents should be chosen based on their efficacy and tolerability profiles. Further studies are needed to determine the efficacy of the newer AEDs, zonisamide and levetiracetam, in migraine prevention and to clarify the role of gabapentinoids in headache management.
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Affiliation(s)
- Simy K Parikh
- Jefferson Headache Center, Thomas Jefferson University, Suite 200, Philadelphia, PA, 19107, USA
| | - Stephen D Silberstein
- Jefferson Headache Center, Thomas Jefferson University, Suite 200, Philadelphia, PA, 19107, USA.
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24
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Klusch A, Gorzelanny C, Reeh PW, Schmelz M, Petersen M, Sauer SK. Local NGF and GDNF levels modulate morphology and function of porcine DRG neurites, In Vitro. PLoS One 2018; 13:e0203215. [PMID: 30260982 PMCID: PMC6160011 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0203215] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2018] [Accepted: 08/16/2018] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Nerve terminals of primary sensory neurons are influenced by their environment through target derived trophic factors, like nerve growth factor (NGF) or glial cell line-derived neurotrophic factor (GDNF). In mice, subpopulations of DRG neurons express receptors either for NGF or GDNF and therefore differentially respond to these neurotrophic factors. We probed neurite endings from porcine DRG neurons cultured in either NGF or GDNF and examined their shape, elongation and stimulus-evoked CGRP release. A compartmentalized culture system was employed allowing spatial separation of outgrown neurites from their somata and use of different growth factors in the compartments. We show that neurites of GDNF cultured somata extend into lateral compartments without added growth factor, unlike neurites of NGF cultured ones. Neurites of NGF cultured somata extend not only into NGF- but also into GDNF-containing compartments. GDNF at the site of terminals of NGF responsive somata led to a strong neurite arborization and formation of large growth cones, compared to neurites in medium with NGF. Functionally, we could detect evoked CGRP release from as few as 7 outgrown neurites per compartment and calculated release per mm neurite length. CGRP release was detected both in neurites from NGF and GDNF cultured somata, suggesting that also the latter ones are peptidergic in pig. When neurites of NGF cultured somata were grown in GDNF, capsaicin evoked a lower CGRP release than high potassium, compared to those grown in NGF. Our experiments demonstrate that the compartmented culture chamber can be a suitable model to assess neurite properties from trophic factor specific primary sensory neurons. With this model, insights into mechanisms of gain or loss of function of specific nociceptive neurites may be achieved.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andreas Klusch
- Department of Experimental Pain Research, Medical Faculty Mannheim, University of Heidelberg, Mannheim, Germany
| | - Christian Gorzelanny
- Department of Dermatology and Venereology, University Hospital Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Peter W. Reeh
- Institute of Physiology and Pathophysiology, Friedrich-Alexander University Erlangen-Nürnberg, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Martin Schmelz
- Department of Experimental Pain Research, Medical Faculty Mannheim, University of Heidelberg, Mannheim, Germany
| | - Marlen Petersen
- Department of Experimental Pain Research, Medical Faculty Mannheim, University of Heidelberg, Mannheim, Germany
| | - Susanne K. Sauer
- Institute of Physiology and Pathophysiology, Friedrich-Alexander University Erlangen-Nürnberg, Erlangen, Germany
- * E-mail:
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25
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Dux M, Will C, Eberhardt M, Fischer MJM, Messlinger K. Stimulation of rat cranial dura mater with potassium chloride causes CGRP release into the cerebrospinal fluid and increases medullary blood flow. Neuropeptides 2017; 64:61-68. [PMID: 28202186 DOI: 10.1016/j.npep.2017.02.080] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2016] [Revised: 12/30/2016] [Accepted: 02/08/2017] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
Abstract
Primary headaches may be accompanied by increased intracranial blood flow induced by the release of the potent vasodilator calcitonin gene-related peptide (CGRP) from activated meningeal afferents. We aimed to record meningeal and medullary blood flow simultaneously and to localize the sites of CGRP release in rodent preparations in vivo and ex vivo. Blood flow in the exposed rat parietal dura mater and the medulla oblongata was recorded by laser Doppler flowmetry, while the dura was stimulated by topical application of 60mM potassium chloride (KCl). Samples of jugular venous plasma and cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) collected from the cisterna magna were analysed for CGRP concentrations using an enzyme immunoassay. In a hemisected rat skull preparation lined with dura mater the CGRP releasing effect of KCl superfusion was examined. Superfusion of the dura mater with KCl decreased meningeal blood flow unless alpha-adrenoceptors were blocked by phentolamine, whereas the medullary blood flow was increased. The same treatment caused increased CGRP concentrations in jugular plasma and CSF and induced significant CGRP release in the hemisected rat skull preparation. Anaesthesia of the trigeminal ganglion by injection of lidocaine reduced increases in medullary blood flow and CGRP concentration in the CSF upon meningeal KCl application. CGRP release evoked by depolarisation of meningeal afferents is accompanied by increased blood flow in the medulla oblongata but not the dura mater. This discrepancy can be explained by the smooth muscle depolarising effect of KCl and the activation of sympathetic vasoconstrictor mechanisms. The medullary blood flow response is most likely mediated by CGRP released from activated central terminals of trigeminal afferents. Increased blood supply of the medulla oblongata and CGRP release into the CSF may also occur in headaches accompanying vigorous activation of meningeal afferents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mária Dux
- Department of Physiology, University of Szeged. Dóm tér 10, H-6720 Szeged, Hungary
| | - Christine Will
- Institute of Physiology and Pathophysiology, Friedrich-Alexander University Erlangen-Nürnberg, Universitätsstrasse 17, D-91054 Erlangen, Germany
| | - Mirjam Eberhardt
- Department of Anaesthesia and Critical Care Medicine, Hannover Medical School, Carl-Neuberg-Str. 1, 30625 Hannover, Germany
| | - Michael J M Fischer
- Institute of Physiology and Pathophysiology, Friedrich-Alexander University Erlangen-Nürnberg, Universitätsstrasse 17, D-91054 Erlangen, Germany
| | - Karl Messlinger
- Institute of Physiology and Pathophysiology, Friedrich-Alexander University Erlangen-Nürnberg, Universitätsstrasse 17, D-91054 Erlangen, Germany.
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Abstract
Migraine is one of the world's most common neurological disorders. Current acute migraine treatments have suboptimal efficacy, and new therapeutic options are needed. Approaches targeting calcitonin gene related peptide (CGRP) signaling are clinically effective, but small molecule antagonists have not been advanced because of toxicity. In this study, we explored the axonal growth/specification collapsin response mediator protein 2 (CRMP2) as a novel “druggable” target for inhibiting CGRP release and for potential relevance for treatment of migraine pain. Collapsin response mediator protein 2 has been demonstrated to regulate N-type voltage-gated Ca2+ channel activity and Ca2+-dependent CGRP release in sensory neurons. The coexpression of CRMP2 with N-type voltage-gated Ca2+ channel and CGRP in trigeminal ganglia (TGs) sensory neurons suggested the possibility of a novel approach to regulate CGRP release in the trigeminal system. Screening protocols surprisingly revealed that (S)-lacosamide ((S)-LCM), an inactive analog of the clinically approved small molecule antiepileptic drug (R)-lacosamide (Vimpat), inhibited CRMP2 phosphorylation by cyclin-dependent kinase 5 in rat TG slices and decreased depolarization-evoked Ca2+ influx in TG cells in culture. (S)-LCM significantly blocked capsaicin-evoked CGRP release from dural nerve terminals in the rat in ex vivo cranial cup preparation. Additionally, cephalic and extracephalic cutaneous allodynia induced in rats by activation of dural nociceptors with a cocktail of inflammatory mediators, was inhibited by oral administration of (S)-LCM. The confirmation of CRMP2 as an upstream mediator of CGRP release, together with the brain penetrance of this molecule suggests (S)-LCM as a potential therapy for acute migraine.
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Marics B, Peitl B, Varga A, Pázmándi K, Bácsi A, Németh J, Szilvássy Z, Jancsó G, Dux M. Diet-induced obesity alters dural CGRP release and potentiates TRPA1-mediated trigeminovascular responses. Cephalalgia 2016; 37:581-591. [PMID: 27301459 DOI: 10.1177/0333102416654883] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Background Clinical studies suggest a link between obesity and the primary headache disorder migraine. In our study we aimed to reveal the effect of obesity on meningeal nociceptor function in rats receiving a high-fat, high-sucrose diet. Methods Transient receptor potential ankyrin 1 (TRPA1) receptor activation-induced changes in meningeal blood flow, release of calcitonin gene-related peptide (CGRP) from trigeminal afferents and TRPA1 protein expression in the trigeminal ganglia were measured in control and obese rats. Metabolic parameters of the animals were assessed by measuring glucose and insulin homeostasis as well as plasma cytokine concentrations. Results The present experiments revealed an enhanced basal and TRPA1 receptor agonist-induced CGRP release from meningeal afferents of obese insulin-resistant rats and an attenuated CGRP release to potassium chloride. Obesity was also associated with an augmented vasodilatation in meningeal arteries after dural application of the TRPA1 agonist acrolein, a reduction in TRPA1 protein expression in the trigeminal ganglia and elevations in circulating proinflammatory cytokines IL-1β and IL-6 in addition to increased fasting blood glucose and insulin concentrations. Conclusions Our results suggest trigeminal sensitisation as a mechanism for enhanced headache susceptibility in obese individuals after chemical exposure of trigeminal nociceptors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Balázs Marics
- 1 Department of Pharmacology and Pharmacotherapy, University of Debrecen, Debrecen, Hungary
| | - Barna Peitl
- 1 Department of Pharmacology and Pharmacotherapy, University of Debrecen, Debrecen, Hungary
| | - Angelika Varga
- 2 Department of Physiology, University of Debrecen, Debrecen, Hungary
| | - Kitti Pázmándi
- 3 Department of Immunology, University of Debrecen, Debrecen, Hungary
| | - Attila Bácsi
- 3 Department of Immunology, University of Debrecen, Debrecen, Hungary
| | - József Németh
- 1 Department of Pharmacology and Pharmacotherapy, University of Debrecen, Debrecen, Hungary
| | - Zoltán Szilvássy
- 1 Department of Pharmacology and Pharmacotherapy, University of Debrecen, Debrecen, Hungary
| | - Gábor Jancsó
- 4 Department of Physiology, University of Szeged, Szeged, Hungary
| | - Mária Dux
- 4 Department of Physiology, University of Szeged, Szeged, Hungary
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Bütün A, Nazıroğlu M, Demirci S, Çelik Ö, Uğuz AC. Riboflavin and Vitamin E Increase Brain Calcium and Antioxidants, and Microsomal Calcium-ATP-ase Values in Rat Headache Models Induced by Glyceryl Trinitrate. J Membr Biol 2014; 248:205-13. [DOI: 10.1007/s00232-014-9758-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2014] [Accepted: 11/18/2014] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
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Abstract
Migraine is number seven in WHO's list of all diseases causing disability and the third most costly neurological disorder in Europe. Acute attacks are treatable by highly selective drugs such as the triptans but there is still a huge unmet therapeutic need. Unfortunately, drug development for headache has almost come to a standstill partly because of a lack of valid animal models. Here we review previous models with emphasis on optimal characteristics of a future model. In addition to selection of animal species, the method of induction of migraine-like changes and the method of recording responses elicited by such measures are crucial. The most naturalistic way of inducing attacks is by infusion of endogenous signaling molecules that are known to cause migraine in patients. The most valid response is recording of neural activity in the trigeminal system. The most useful headache related responses are likely to be behavioral, allowing multiple experiments in each individual animal. Distinction is made between acute and prophylactic models and how to validate each of them. Modern insight into neurobiological mechanisms of migraine is so good that it is only a question of resources and efforts that determine when valid models with ability to predict efficacy in migraine will be available.
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Glutamate dysregulation in the trigeminal ganglion: a novel mechanism for peripheral sensitization of the craniofacial region. Neuroscience 2013; 256:23-35. [PMID: 24144624 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroscience.2013.10.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2013] [Revised: 09/24/2013] [Accepted: 10/07/2013] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Abstract
In the trigeminal ganglion (TG), satellite glial cells (SGCs) form a functional unit with neurons. It has been proposed that SGCs participate in regulating extracellular glutamate levels and that dysfunction of this SGC capacity can impact nociceptive transmission in craniofacial pain conditions. This study investigated whether SGCs release glutamate and whether elevation of TG glutamate concentration alters response properties of trigeminal afferent fibers. Immunohistochemistry was used to assess glutamate content and the expression of excitatory amino acid transporter (EAAT)1 and EAAT2 in TG sections. SGCs contained glutamate and expressed EAAT1 and EAAT2. Potassium chloride (10 mM) was used to evoke glutamate release from cultured rat SGCs treated with the EAAT1/2 inhibitor (3S)-3-[[3-[[4-(trifluoromethyl)ben zoyl]amino]phenyl]methoxy]-L-aspartic acid (TFB-TBOA) or control. Treatment with TFB-TBOA (1 and 10 μM) significantly reduced the glutamate concentration from 10.6 ± 1.1 to 5.8 ± 1.4 μM and 3.0 ± 0.8 μM, respectively (p<0.05). Electrophysiology experiments were conducted in anaesthetized rats to determine the effect of intraganglionic injections of glutamate on the response properties of ganglion neurons that innervated either the temporalis or masseter muscle. Intraganglionic injection of glutamate (500 mM, 3 μl) evoked afferent discharge and significantly reduced muscle afferent mechanical threshold. Glutamate-evoked discharge was attenuated bythe N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor antagonist 2-amino-5-phosphonovalerate (APV) and increased by TFB-TBOA, whereas mechanical sensitization was only sensitive to APV. Antidromic invasion of muscle afferent fibers by electrical stimulation of the caudal brainstem (10 Hz) or local anesthesia of the brainstem with lidocaine did not alter glutamate-induced mechanical sensitization. These findings provide a novel mechanism whereby dysfunctional trigeminal SGCs could contribute to cranial muscle tenderness in craniofacial pain conditions such as migraine headache.
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31
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Furman JM, Marcus DA, Balaban CD. Vestibular migraine: clinical aspects and pathophysiology. Lancet Neurol 2013; 12:706-15. [DOI: 10.1016/s1474-4422(13)70107-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 109] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
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Baillie LD, Ahn AH, Mulligan SJ. Sumatriptan inhibition of N-type calcium channel mediated signaling in dural CGRP terminal fibres. Neuropharmacology 2012; 63:362-7. [PMID: 22691374 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuropharm.2012.04.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2012] [Revised: 03/21/2012] [Accepted: 04/12/2012] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Abstract
The selective 5-HT₁ receptor agonist sumatriptan is an effective therapeutic for migraine pain yet the antimigraine mechanisms of action remain controversial. Pain-responsive fibres containing calcitonin gene-related peptide (CGRP) densely innervating the cranial dura mater are widely believed to be an essential anatomical substrate for the development of migraine pain. 5-HT₁ receptors in the dura colocalize with CGRP fibres in high density and thus provide a possible peripheral site of action for sumatriptan. In the present study, we used high-resolution optical imaging selectively within individual mouse dural CGRP nociceptive fibre terminations and found that application of sumatriptan caused a rapid, reversible dose-dependent inhibition in the amplitude of single action potential evoked Ca²⁺ transients. Pre-application of the 5-HT₁ antagonist GR 127935 or the selective 5-HT(1D) antagonist BRL 15572 prevented inhibition while the selective 5-HT(1B) antagonist SB 224289 did not, suggesting this effect was mediated selectively through the 5-HT(1D) receptor subtype. Sumatriptan inhibition of the action potential evoked Ca²⁺ signaling was mediated selectively through N-type Ca²⁺ channels. Although the T-type Ca²⁺ channel accounted for a greater proportion of the Ca²⁺ signal it did not mediate any of the sumatriptan inhibition. Our findings support a peripheral site of action for sumatriptan in inhibiting the activity of dural pain fibres selectively through a single Ca²⁺ channel subtype. This finding adds to our understanding of the mechanisms that underlie the clinical effectiveness of 5-HT₁ receptor agonists such as sumatriptan and may provide insight for the development of novel peripherally targeted therapeutics for mitigating the pain of migraine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Landon D Baillie
- Department of Physiology, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, Saskatchewan, Canada.
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Hoffmann J, Wecker S, Neeb L, Dirnagl U, Reuter U. Primary trigeminal afferents are the main source for stimulus-induced CGRP release into jugular vein blood and CSF. Cephalalgia 2012; 32:659-67. [DOI: 10.1177/0333102412447701] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jan Hoffmann
- Department of Neurology, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Germany
- Department of Neurology, University of California San Francisco, USA
| | - Sascha Wecker
- Department of Neurology, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Germany
| | - Lars Neeb
- Department of Neurology, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Germany
| | - Ulrich Dirnagl
- Department of Neurology, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Germany
| | - Uwe Reuter
- Department of Neurology, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Germany
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Elliott MB, Oshinsky ML, Amenta PS, Awe OO, Jallo JI. Nociceptive neuropeptide increases and periorbital allodynia in a model of traumatic brain injury. Headache 2012; 52:966-84. [PMID: 22568499 DOI: 10.1111/j.1526-4610.2012.02160.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 81] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE This study tests the hypothesis that injury to the somatosensory cortex is associated with periorbital allodynia and increases in nociceptive neuropeptides in the brainstem in a mouse model of controlled cortical impact (CCI) injury. METHODS Male C57BL/6 mice received either CCI or craniotomy-only followed by weekly periorbital von Frey (mechanical) sensory testing for up to 28 days post-injury. Mice receiving an incision only and naïve mice were included as control groups. Changes in calcitonin gene-related peptide (CGRP) and substance P (SP) within the brainstem were determined using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay and immunohistochemistry, respectively. Activation of ionized calcium-binding adaptor molecule-1-labeled macrophages/microglia and glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP)-positive astrocytes were evaluated using immunohistochemistry because of their potential involvement in nociceptor sensitization. RESULTS Incision-only control mice showed no changes from baseline periorbital von Frey mechanical thresholds. CCI significantly reduced mean periorbital von Frey thresholds (periorbital allodynia) compared with baseline and craniotomy-only at each endpoint, analysis of variance P < .0001. Craniotomy significantly reduced periorbital threshold at 14 days but not 7, 21, or 28 days compared with baseline threshold, P < .01. CCI significantly increased SP immunoreactivity in the brainstem at 7 and 14 days but not 28 days compared with craniotomy-only and controls, P < .001. CGRP levels in brainstem tissues were significantly increased in CCI groups compared with controls (incision-only and naïve mice) or craniotomy-only mice at each endpoint examined, P < .0001. There was a significant correlation between CGRP and periorbital allodynia (P < .0001, r = -0.65) but not for SP (r = 0.20). CCI significantly increased the number of macrophage/microglia in the injured cortex at each endpoint up to 28 days, although cell numbers declined over weeks post-injury, P < .001. GFAP(+) immunoreactivity was significantly increased at 7 but not 14 or 28 days after CCI, P < .001. Craniotomy resulted in transient periorbital allodynia accompanied by transient increases in SP, CGRP, and GFAP immunoreactivity compared with control mice. There was no increase in the number of macrophage/microglia cells compared with controls after craniotomy. CONCLUSION Injury to the somatosensory cortex results in persistent periorbital allodynia and increases in brainstem nociceptive neuropeptides. Findings suggest that persistent allodynia and increased neuropeptides are maintained by mechanisms other than activation of macrophage/microglia or astrocyte in the injured somatosensory cortex.
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Affiliation(s)
- Melanie B Elliott
- Department of Neurological Surgery, Thomas Jefferson University, 1025 Walnut Street, Philadelphia, PA 19107, USA.
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35
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Amrutkar DV, Ploug KB, Hay-Schmidt A, Porreca F, Olesen J, Jansen-Olesen I. mRNA expression of 5-hydroxytryptamine 1B, 1D, and 1F receptors and their role in controlling the release of calcitonin gene-related peptide in the rat trigeminovascular system. Pain 2012; 153:830-838. [PMID: 22305629 DOI: 10.1016/j.pain.2012.01.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 58] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2011] [Revised: 12/21/2011] [Accepted: 01/06/2012] [Indexed: 10/14/2022]
Abstract
Triptans, a family of 5-hydroxytryptamine (5-HT) 1B, 1D, and 1F receptor agonists, are used in the acute treatment of migraine attacks. The site of action and subtypes of the 5-HT(1) receptor that mediate the antimigraine effect have still to be identified. This study investigated the mRNA expression of these receptors and the role of 5-HT(1) receptor subtypes in controlling the release of calcitonin gene-related peptide (CGRP) in rat dura mater, trigeminal ganglion (TG), and trigeminal nucleus caudalis (TNC). The mRNA for each receptor subtype was quantified by quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction. A high potassium concentration was used to release CGRP from dura mater, isolated TG, and TNC in vitro. The immunoreactive CGRP (iCGRP) release was measured by enzyme-linked immunoassay. The mRNA transcripts of the 3 5-HT(1) receptor subtypes were detected in the trigeminovascular system. Sumatriptan inhibited iCGRP release by 31% in dura mater, 44% in TG, and 56% in TNC. This effect was reversed by a 5-HT(1B/1D) antagonist (GR127395). The 5-HT(1F) agonist (LY-344864) was effective in the dura mater (26% iCGRP inhibition), and the 5-HT(1D) agonist (PNU-142633) had a significant effect in the TNC (48%), whereas the 5-HT(1B) agonist (CP-94253) was unable to reduce the iCGRP release in all tissues studied. We found that sumatriptan reduced the iCGRP release via activation of 5-HT(1D) and 5-HT(1F) receptor subtypes. The 5-HT(1F) receptor agonist was effective only in peripheral terminals in dura mater, whereas the 5-HT(1D) agonist had a preferential effect on central terminals in the TNC.
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MESH Headings
- Animals
- Calcitonin Gene-Related Peptide/antagonists & inhibitors
- Calcitonin Gene-Related Peptide/metabolism
- Dura Mater/drug effects
- Dura Mater/metabolism
- Gene Expression Regulation/drug effects
- Male
- RNA, Messenger/biosynthesis
- Rats
- Rats, Sprague-Dawley
- Receptor, Serotonin, 5-HT1B/biosynthesis
- Receptor, Serotonin, 5-HT1B/physiology
- Receptor, Serotonin, 5-HT1D/biosynthesis
- Receptor, Serotonin, 5-HT1D/physiology
- Receptors, Serotonin/biosynthesis
- Receptors, Serotonin/physiology
- Serotonin Receptor Agonists/pharmacology
- Trigeminal Ganglion/drug effects
- Trigeminal Ganglion/metabolism
- Trigeminal Nuclei/drug effects
- Trigeminal Nuclei/metabolism
- Receptor, Serotonin, 5-HT1F
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Affiliation(s)
- Dipak V Amrutkar
- Department of Neurology and Danish Headache Center, Glostrup Research Institute, Glostrup Hospital, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Glostrup, Denmark Department of Neuroscience and Pharmacology, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark Department of Pharmacology, College of Medicine, The University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, USA
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