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Chitolina R, Gallas-Lopes M, Reis CG, Benvenutti R, Stahlhofer-Buss T, Calcagnotto ME, Herrmann AP, Piato A. Chemically-induced epileptic seizures in zebrafish: A systematic review. Epilepsy Res 2023; 197:107236. [PMID: 37801749 DOI: 10.1016/j.eplepsyres.2023.107236] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2023] [Revised: 09/14/2023] [Accepted: 09/28/2023] [Indexed: 10/08/2023]
Abstract
The use of zebrafish as a model organism is gaining evidence in the field of epilepsy as it may help to understand the mechanisms underlying epileptic seizures. As zebrafish assays became popular, the heterogeneity between protocols increased, making it hard to choose a standard protocol to conduct research while also impairing the comparison of results between studies. We conducted a systematic review to comprehensively profile the chemically-induced seizure models in zebrafish. Literature searches were performed in PubMed, Scopus, and Web of Science, followed by a two-step screening process based on inclusion/exclusion criteria. Qualitative data were extracted, and a sample of 100 studies was randomly selected for risk of bias assessment. Out of the 1058 studies identified after removing duplicates, 201 met the inclusion criteria. We found that the most common chemoconvulsants used in the reviewed studies were pentylenetetrazole (n = 180), kainic acid (n = 11), and pilocarpine (n = 10), which increase seizure severity in a dose-dependent manner. The main outcomes assessed were seizure scores and locomotion. Significant variability between the protocols was observed for administration route, duration of exposure, and dose/concentration. Of the studies subjected to risk of bias assessment, most were rated as low risk of bias for selective reporting (94%), baseline characteristics of the animals (67%), and blinded outcome assessment (54%). Randomization procedures and incomplete data were rated unclear in 81% and 68% of the studies, respectively. None of the studies reported the sample size calculation. Overall, these findings underscore the need for improved methodological and reporting practices to enhance the reproducibility and reliability of zebrafish models for studying epilepsy. Our study offers a comprehensive overview of the current state of chemically-induced seizure models in zebrafish, highlighting the common chemoconvulsants used and the variability in protocol parameters. This may be particularly valuable to researchers interested in understanding the underlying mechanisms of epileptic seizures and screening potential drug candidates in zebrafish models.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rafael Chitolina
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Neurociências, Instituto de Ciências Básicas da Saúde, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil; Laboratório de Psicofarmacologia e Comportamento (LAPCOM), Departamento de Farmacologia, Instituto de Ciências Básicas da Saúde, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | - Matheus Gallas-Lopes
- Brazilian Reproducibility Initiative in Preclinical Systematic Review and meta-Analysis (BRISA) Collaboration, Brazil; Laboratório de Neurobiologia e Psicofarmacologia Experimental (PsychoLab), Departamento de Farmacologia, Instituto de Ciências Básicas da Saúde, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | - Carlos G Reis
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Neurociências, Instituto de Ciências Básicas da Saúde, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil; Laboratório de Psicofarmacologia e Comportamento (LAPCOM), Departamento de Farmacologia, Instituto de Ciências Básicas da Saúde, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | - Radharani Benvenutti
- School of Pharmacy and Biomolecular Sciences, RCSI University of Medicine and Health Sciences, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Thailana Stahlhofer-Buss
- Laboratório de Psicofarmacologia e Comportamento (LAPCOM), Departamento de Farmacologia, Instituto de Ciências Básicas da Saúde, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | - Maria Elisa Calcagnotto
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Neurociências, Instituto de Ciências Básicas da Saúde, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil; Laboratório de Neurobiologia e Neuroquímica da Excitabilidade Neuronal e Plasticidade Sináptica (NNNESP Lab), Departamento de bioquímica, Instituto de Ciências Básicas da Saúde, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | - Ana P Herrmann
- Brazilian Reproducibility Initiative in Preclinical Systematic Review and meta-Analysis (BRISA) Collaboration, Brazil; Laboratório de Neurobiologia e Psicofarmacologia Experimental (PsychoLab), Departamento de Farmacologia, Instituto de Ciências Básicas da Saúde, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | - Angelo Piato
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Neurociências, Instituto de Ciências Básicas da Saúde, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil; Laboratório de Psicofarmacologia e Comportamento (LAPCOM), Departamento de Farmacologia, Instituto de Ciências Básicas da Saúde, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil.
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2
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D'Amora M, Galgani A, Marchese M, Tantussi F, Faraguna U, De Angelis F, Giorgi FS. Zebrafish as an Innovative Tool for Epilepsy Modeling: State of the Art and Potential Future Directions. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24097702. [PMID: 37175408 PMCID: PMC10177843 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24097702] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2023] [Revised: 04/20/2023] [Accepted: 04/20/2023] [Indexed: 05/15/2023] Open
Abstract
This article discusses the potential of Zebrafish (ZF) (Danio Rerio), as a model for epilepsy research. Epilepsy is a neurological disorder affecting both children and adults, and many aspects of this disease are still poorly understood. In vivo and in vitro models derived from rodents are the most widely used for studying both epilepsy pathophysiology and novel drug treatments. However, researchers have recently obtained several valuable insights into these two fields of investigation by studying ZF. Despite the relatively simple brain structure of these animals, researchers can collect large amounts of data in a much shorter period and at lower costs compared to classical rodent models. This is particularly useful when a large number of candidate antiseizure drugs need to be screened, and ethical issues are minimized. In ZF, seizures have been induced through a variety of chemoconvulsants, primarily pentylenetetrazol (PTZ), kainic acid (KA), and pilocarpine. Furthermore, ZF can be easily genetically modified to test specific aspects of monogenic forms of human epilepsy, as well as to discover potential convulsive phenotypes in monogenic mutants. The article reports on the state-of-the-art and potential new fields of application of ZF research, including its potential role in revealing epileptogenic mechanisms, rather than merely assessing iatrogenic acute seizure modulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marta D'Amora
- Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia, 16163 Genova, Italy
- Department of Biology, University of Pisa, 56125 Pisa, Italy
| | - Alessandro Galgani
- Department of Translational Research and of New Surgical and Medical Technologies, University of Pisa, 56126 Pisa, Italy
| | - Maria Marchese
- Molecular Medicine and Neurobiology-ZebraLab, IRCCS Fondazione Stella Maris, 56128 Pisa, Italy
| | | | - Ugo Faraguna
- Department of Translational Research and of New Surgical and Medical Technologies, University of Pisa, 56126 Pisa, Italy
- Department of Developmental Neuroscience, IRCCS Fondazione Stella Maris, 56128 Pisa, Italy
| | | | - Filippo Sean Giorgi
- Department of Translational Research and of New Surgical and Medical Technologies, University of Pisa, 56126 Pisa, Italy
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Akdağ MZ, Oğraş E, Doğanyiğit Z, Akyüz E, Akdag MB, Okan A, Akpolat V, Küllü IR. The increase in c-fos expression in epileptic seizures is inhibited by magnetic field application, but not K Ca1.1 channel expression. Electromagn Biol Med 2023; 42:81-97. [PMID: 37598353 DOI: 10.1080/15368378.2023.2247027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2023] [Accepted: 07/15/2023] [Indexed: 08/22/2023]
Abstract
The aim of this study was to understand the expression of big potassium (BK, KCa1.1) channels in epileptic seizures under magnetic field application. Forty Wistar albino adult male rats were divided into five groups (n = 8). First group rats were control group. Pentylenetetrazole (PTZ) administrated to second group rats to induce the seizures with 35 mg/kg intraperitoneally injection every two days. Levetiracetam (LEV) i.p. at a dose of 108 mg/kg was given to third group rats as positive control group (PC) before 20 minutes PTZ administration. Pulsed magnetic field with 1.5 mT was exposed to the fourth group rats for 3 hours a day for 1 month as magnetic field (MF) group. 1.5 mT pulsed magnetic field was exposed to the fifth group rats for 3 hours a day for 1 month in addition to PTZ administration (PTZ+MF). KCa1.1 not changed in hippocampus of PTZ rats while increased in frontal cortex and pons for PTZ group but not changed with magnetic field exposure. KCa1.1 increased in heart of PTZ animals and turned back to mean control values with magnetic field exposure. Suppressing the expected increase of c-fos protein expression in seizures with magnetic field application but not being able to change the KCa1.1 expression shows that new studies can be done by increasing the frequency of 1.5 mT magnetic field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mehmet Zülkif Akdağ
- Medical Faculty, Department of Biophysics, Dicle University, Diyarbakır, Turkey
| | - Emrah Oğraş
- Medical Faculty, Department of Biophysics, Dicle University, Diyarbakır, Turkey
| | - Züleyha Doğanyiğit
- Medical Faculty, Department of Histology and Embryology, Yozgat Bozok University, Yozgat, Turkey
| | - Enes Akyüz
- International Faculty of Medicine, Department of Biophysics, University of Health Sciences, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Mahmut Berat Akdag
- Institute of Health Sciences, Department of Physiotherapy and Rehabilitation, Istanbul Medipol University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Aslı Okan
- Medical Faculty, Department of Histology and Embryology, Yozgat Bozok University, Yozgat, Turkey
| | - Veysi Akpolat
- Medical Faculty, Department of Biophysics, Dicle University, Diyarbakır, Turkey
| | - I Rem Küllü
- Faculty of Medicine, Yozgat Bozok University, Yozgat, Turkey
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Crouzier L, Richard EM, Sourbron J, Lagae L, Maurice T, Delprat B. Use of Zebrafish Models to Boost Research in Rare Genetic Diseases. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:13356. [PMID: 34948153 PMCID: PMC8706563 DOI: 10.3390/ijms222413356] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2021] [Revised: 12/09/2021] [Accepted: 12/10/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Rare genetic diseases are a group of pathologies with often unmet clinical needs. Even if rare by a single genetic disease (from 1/2000 to 1/more than 1,000,000), the total number of patients concerned account for approximatively 400 million peoples worldwide. Finding treatments remains challenging due to the complexity of these diseases, the small number of patients and the challenge in conducting clinical trials. Therefore, innovative preclinical research strategies are required. The zebrafish has emerged as a powerful animal model for investigating rare diseases. Zebrafish combines conserved vertebrate characteristics with high rate of breeding, limited housing requirements and low costs. More than 84% of human genes responsible for diseases present an orthologue, suggesting that the majority of genetic diseases could be modelized in zebrafish. In this review, we emphasize the unique advantages of zebrafish models over other in vivo models, particularly underlining the high throughput phenotypic capacity for therapeutic screening. We briefly introduce how the generation of zebrafish transgenic lines by gene-modulating technologies can be used to model rare genetic diseases. Then, we describe how zebrafish could be phenotyped using state-of-the-art technologies. Two prototypic examples of rare diseases illustrate how zebrafish models could play a critical role in deciphering the underlying mechanisms of rare genetic diseases and their use to identify innovative therapeutic solutions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lucie Crouzier
- MMDN, University of Montpellier, EPHE, INSERM, 34095 Montpellier, France; (L.C.); (E.M.R.); (T.M.)
| | - Elodie M. Richard
- MMDN, University of Montpellier, EPHE, INSERM, 34095 Montpellier, France; (L.C.); (E.M.R.); (T.M.)
| | - Jo Sourbron
- Department of Development and Regeneration, Section Pediatric Neurology, University Hospital KU Leuven, 3000 Leuven, Belgium; (J.S.); (L.L.)
| | - Lieven Lagae
- Department of Development and Regeneration, Section Pediatric Neurology, University Hospital KU Leuven, 3000 Leuven, Belgium; (J.S.); (L.L.)
| | - Tangui Maurice
- MMDN, University of Montpellier, EPHE, INSERM, 34095 Montpellier, France; (L.C.); (E.M.R.); (T.M.)
| | - Benjamin Delprat
- MMDN, University of Montpellier, EPHE, INSERM, 34095 Montpellier, France; (L.C.); (E.M.R.); (T.M.)
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Wang L, Sheng W, Tan Z, Ren Q, Wang R, Stoika R, Liu X, Liu K, Shang X, Jin M. Treatment of Parkinson's disease in Zebrafish model with a berberine derivative capable of crossing blood brain barrier, targeting mitochondria, and convenient for bioimaging experiments. Comp Biochem Physiol C Toxicol Pharmacol 2021; 249:109151. [PMID: 34343700 DOI: 10.1016/j.cbpc.2021.109151] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2021] [Revised: 06/23/2021] [Accepted: 07/23/2021] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
Berberine is a famous alkaloid extracted from Berberis plants and has been widely used as medications and functional food additives. Recent studies reveal that berberine exhibits neuroprotective activity in animal models of Parkinson's disease (PD), the second most prevalent neurodegenerative disorders all over the world. However, the actual site of anti-PD action of berberine remains largely unknown. To this end, we employed a fluorescently labeled berberine derivative BBRP to investigate the subcellular localization and blood brain barrier (BBB) permeability in a cellular model of PD and zebrafish PD model. Biological investigations revealed that BBRP retained the neuroprotective activity of berberine against PD-like symptoms in PC12 cells and zebrafish, such as protecting 6-OHDA induced cell death, relieving MPTP induced PD-like behavior and increasing dopaminergic neuron loss in zebrafish. We also found that BBRP could readily penetrate BBB and function in the brain of zebrafish suffering from PD. Subcellular localization study indicated that BBRP could rapidly and specifically accumulate in mitochondria of PC12 cells when it exerted anti-PD effect. In addition, BBRP could suppress accumulation of Pink1 protein and inhibit the overexpression of LC3 protein in 6-OHDA damaged cells. All these results suggested that the potential site of action of berberine is mitochondria in the brain under the PD condition. Therefore, the findings described herein would be useful for further development of berberine as an anti-PD drug.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lizhen Wang
- Biology Institute, Qilu University of Technology, Shandong Academy of Sciences, Jinan 250103, Shandong Province, China; Engineering Research Center of Zebrafish Models for Human Diseases and Drug Screening of Shandong Province, Jinan 250103, Shandong Province, China
| | - Wenlong Sheng
- Biology Institute, Qilu University of Technology, Shandong Academy of Sciences, Jinan 250103, Shandong Province, China; Engineering Research Center of Zebrafish Models for Human Diseases and Drug Screening of Shandong Province, Jinan 250103, Shandong Province, China
| | - Zhaoshun Tan
- School of Bioengineering, Qilu University of Technology, Shandong Academy of Sciences, 3501 Daxue Road, Jinan 250353, Shandong Province, China
| | - Qingyu Ren
- School of Psychology and mental health, North China University of Science and Technology, 21 Bohai Road, Tang'shan 063210, Hebei Province, China
| | - Rongchun Wang
- Biology Institute, Qilu University of Technology, Shandong Academy of Sciences, Jinan 250103, Shandong Province, China; Engineering Research Center of Zebrafish Models for Human Diseases and Drug Screening of Shandong Province, Jinan 250103, Shandong Province, China
| | - Rostyslav Stoika
- Department of Regulation of Cell Proliferation and Apoptosis, Institute of Cell Biology, National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, Lviv 79005, Ukraine
| | - Xuedong Liu
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Colorado at Boulder, Boulder, CO 80303, United States of America
| | - Kechun Liu
- Biology Institute, Qilu University of Technology, Shandong Academy of Sciences, Jinan 250103, Shandong Province, China; Engineering Research Center of Zebrafish Models for Human Diseases and Drug Screening of Shandong Province, Jinan 250103, Shandong Province, China
| | - Xueliang Shang
- School of Psychology and mental health, North China University of Science and Technology, 21 Bohai Road, Tang'shan 063210, Hebei Province, China.
| | - Meng Jin
- Biology Institute, Qilu University of Technology, Shandong Academy of Sciences, Jinan 250103, Shandong Province, China; Engineering Research Center of Zebrafish Models for Human Diseases and Drug Screening of Shandong Province, Jinan 250103, Shandong Province, China.
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Paudel YN, Khan SU, Othman I, Shaikh MF. Naturally Occurring HMGB1 Inhibitor, Glycyrrhizin, Modulates Chronic Seizures-Induced Memory Dysfunction in Zebrafish Model. ACS Chem Neurosci 2021; 12:3288-3302. [PMID: 34463468 DOI: 10.1021/acschemneuro.0c00825] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Glycyrrhizin (GL) is a well-known pharmacological inhibitor of high mobility group box 1 (HMGB1) and is abundantly present in the licorice root (Glycyrrhiza radix). HMGB1 protein, a key mediator of neuroinflammation, has been implicated in several neurological disorders, including epilepsy. Epilepsy is a devastating neurological disorder with no effective disease-modifying treatment strategies yet, suggesting a pressing need for exploring novel therapeutic options. In the current investigation, using a second hit pentylenetetrazol (PTZ) induced chronic seizure model in adult zebrafish, regulated mRNA expression of HMGB1 was inhibited by pretreatment with GL (25, 50, and 100 mg/kg, ip). A molecular docking study suggests that GL establishes different binding interactions with the various amino acid chains of HMGB1 and Toll-like receptor-4 (TLR4). Our finding suggests that GL pretreatment reduces/suppresses second hit PTZ induced seizure, as shown by the reduction in the seizure score. GL also regulates the second hit PTZ induced behavioral impairment and rescued second hit PTZ related memory impairment as demonstrated by an increase in the inflection ratio (IR) at the 3 h and 24 h T-maze trial. GL inhibited seizure-induced neuronal activity as demonstrated by reduced C-fos mRNA expression. GL also modulated mRNA expression of BDNF, CREB-1, and NPY. The possible mechanism underlying the anticonvulsive effect of GL could be attributed to its anti-inflammatory activity, as demonstrated by the downregulated mRNA expression level of HMGB1, TLR4, NF-kB, and TNF-α. Overall, our finding suggests that GL exerts an anticonvulsive effect and ameliorates seizure-related memory disruption plausibly through regulating of the HMGB1-TLR4-NF-kB axis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yam Nath Paudel
- Neuropharmacology Research Strength, Jeffrey Cheah School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Monash University Malaysia, Bandar Sunway 47500, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Shafi Ullah Khan
- School of Pharmacy, Monash University Malaysia, Jalan Lagoon Selatan, Bandar Sunway, Subang Jaya 47500, Selangor, Malaysia
- Department of Pharmacy, Abasyn University, Ring Road, Peshawar 25120, Pakistan
| | - Iekhsan Othman
- Neuropharmacology Research Strength, Jeffrey Cheah School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Monash University Malaysia, Bandar Sunway 47500, Selangor, Malaysia
- Liquid Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry (LCMS) Platform, Jeffrey Cheah School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Monash University Malaysia, Bandar Sunway 47500, Malaysia
| | - Mohd. Farooq Shaikh
- Neuropharmacology Research Strength, Jeffrey Cheah School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Monash University Malaysia, Bandar Sunway 47500, Selangor, Malaysia
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Matias Pereira AC, Sánchez-Ortíz BL, de Melo EL, da Silva Hage-Melim LI, Borges RS, Hu X, Carvalho JCT. Perillyl alcohol decreases the frequency and severity of convulsive-like behavior in the adult zebrafish model of acute seizures. Naunyn Schmiedebergs Arch Pharmacol 2021; 394:1177-1190. [PMID: 33515278 DOI: 10.1007/s00210-021-02050-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2020] [Accepted: 01/10/2021] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
This research aimed to assess the effect of perillyl alcohol (PA) on convulsive behavior in vivo using adult zebrafish (Danio rerio, both sexes). The seizures were induced with pentylenetetrazole (PTZ) intraperitoneally at 170 mg/kg, and diazepam (DZP) was used as the control anticonvulsant (2 mg/kg, oral); PA was tested at 10, 50, and 100 mg/kg orally. The groups had ten animals per group (total n = 60), observed for 10 minutes after seizure induction. We manually appraised typical seizure phenotypes for quantification and used an animal tracking software (Toxtrac) to assess the motor parameters. Next, we sought to find a mechanism of action for PA anticonvulsant activity in silico using a structure-based activity prediction server and molecular docking. The results show that PTZ induced seizure-like behavior in all untreated animals with hyperlocomotion episodes, seizure itself, posture loss, and immobility. DZP inhibited the seizures in all animals of the positive control group. PA, in turn, inhibited the occurrence of seizures in a dose-dependent manner, with frequencies of 90%, 70%, and 40% (for 10, 50, and 100 mg/kg, respectively). The PA treatments also decreased several seizure endpoints in a dose-dependent manner. Also, the difference of the group treated with highest dose of PA was statistically significant compared with the negative control group for all the endpoints assessed (p < 0.05, Kruskal-Wallis). The in silico analyses suggested that PA can affect the GABAergic system, which might be involved in its anticonvulsant activity, but other mechanisms cannot be ruled out. Overall, our results suggest an anticonvulsant potential in perillyl alcohol.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arlindo César Matias Pereira
- Pharmaceutical Sciences Post-Graduation Program, Biological and Health Sciences Department, State University of Amapá, Juscelino Kubitisheck Highway, Km 02, Macapá, Amapá, CEP 68902-280, Brazil.,Drugs Research Laboratory, Biological and Health Sciences Department, State University of Amapá, Juscelino Kubitisheck Highway, Kkm 02, Macapá, Amapá, CEP 68902-280, Brazil
| | - Brenda Lorena Sánchez-Ortíz
- Drugs Research Laboratory, Biological and Health Sciences Department, State University of Amapá, Juscelino Kubitisheck Highway, Kkm 02, Macapá, Amapá, CEP 68902-280, Brazil.,Natural Products Pharmacology Laboratory, Pharmacy Department, Chemistry Faculty, National Autonomous University of Mexico, University City, Coyoacán, 04510, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Ester Lopes de Melo
- Drugs Research Laboratory, Biological and Health Sciences Department, State University of Amapá, Juscelino Kubitisheck Highway, Kkm 02, Macapá, Amapá, CEP 68902-280, Brazil
| | - Lorane Izabel da Silva Hage-Melim
- Pharmaceutical Sciences Post-Graduation Program, Biological and Health Sciences Department, State University of Amapá, Juscelino Kubitisheck Highway, Km 02, Macapá, Amapá, CEP 68902-280, Brazil.,Laboratory of Medicinal and Pharmaceutical Chemistry (PharMedChem), Biological and Health Sciences Department, State University of Amapá, Juscelino Kubitshek Highway, Km 02, Macapá, Amapá, CEP 68902-280, Brazil
| | - Raphaelle Sousa Borges
- Pharmaceutical Sciences Post-Graduation Program, Biological and Health Sciences Department, State University of Amapá, Juscelino Kubitisheck Highway, Km 02, Macapá, Amapá, CEP 68902-280, Brazil.,Drugs Research Laboratory, Biological and Health Sciences Department, State University of Amapá, Juscelino Kubitisheck Highway, Kkm 02, Macapá, Amapá, CEP 68902-280, Brazil
| | - Xuebo Hu
- Laboratory of Drug Discovery and Molecular Engineering, College of Plant Science and Technology, Huazhong, Agricultural University, 1 Shizishan, Nanhu, Wuhan, 430070, China
| | - José Carlos Tavares Carvalho
- Pharmaceutical Sciences Post-Graduation Program, Biological and Health Sciences Department, State University of Amapá, Juscelino Kubitisheck Highway, Km 02, Macapá, Amapá, CEP 68902-280, Brazil. .,Drugs Research Laboratory, Biological and Health Sciences Department, State University of Amapá, Juscelino Kubitisheck Highway, Kkm 02, Macapá, Amapá, CEP 68902-280, Brazil.
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Cho SJ, Park E, Baker A, Reid AY. Age Bias in Zebrafish Models of Epilepsy: What Can We Learn From Old Fish? Front Cell Dev Biol 2020; 8:573303. [PMID: 33015065 PMCID: PMC7511771 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2020.573303] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2020] [Accepted: 08/21/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Zebrafish are a powerful tool for investigating epilepsy. Mammalian seizures can be recapitulated molecularly, behaviorally, and electrophysiologically, using a fraction of the resources required for experiments in mammals. Larval zebrafish offer exceptionally economical and high-throughput approaches and are amenable to state-of-the-art genetic engineering techniques, providing valuable transgenic models of human diseases. For these reasons, larvae tend to be chosen for studying epilepsy, but the value of adult zebrafish may be underappreciated. Zebrafish exhibit transient larval - adult duality. The incompletely developed neural system of larval zebrafish may limit the translation of complex neurological disorders. Larval zebrafish go through dynamic changes during ontogenesis, whereas adult zebrafish are physiologically more stable. Adult zebrafish have a full range of complex brain structures and functions, such as an endothelial blood-brain barrier and adult neurogenesis, both are significant factors in epilepsy research. This review highlights the differences between larval and adult zebrafish that should be considered in pathophysiological and pharmacological studies of epilepsy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sung-Joon Cho
- Division of Fundamental Neurobiology, Krembil Research Institute, University Health Network, Toronto, ON, Canada
- Collaborative Program in Neuroscience, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
- Keenan Research Center, St. Michael’s Hospital, Li Ka Shing Knowledge Institute, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Eugene Park
- Keenan Research Center, St. Michael’s Hospital, Li Ka Shing Knowledge Institute, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Andrew Baker
- Keenan Research Center, St. Michael’s Hospital, Li Ka Shing Knowledge Institute, Toronto, ON, Canada
- Department of Anesthesia and Surgery, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Aylin Y. Reid
- Division of Fundamental Neurobiology, Krembil Research Institute, University Health Network, Toronto, ON, Canada
- Department of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
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Cerebral Dopamine Neurotrophic Factor Regulates Multiple Neuronal Subtypes and Behavior. J Neurosci 2020; 40:6146-6164. [PMID: 32631936 DOI: 10.1523/jneurosci.2636-19.2020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2019] [Revised: 06/23/2020] [Accepted: 06/25/2020] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Cerebral dopamine neurotrophic factor (CDNF) protects dopaminergic neurons against toxic damage in the rodent brain and is in clinical trials to treat Parkinson's disease patients. Yet the underlying mechanism is poorly understood. To examine its significance for neural circuits and behavior, we examined the development of neurotransmitter systems from larval to male adult mutant zebrafish lacking cdnf Although a lack of cdnf did not affect overall brain dopamine levels, dopaminergic neuronal clusters showed significant abnormalities. The number of histamine neurons that surround the dopaminergic neurons was significantly reduced. Expression of tyrosine hydroxylase 2 in the brain was elevated in cdnf mutants throughout their lifespan. There were abnormally few GABA neurons in the hypothalamus in the mutant larvae, and expression of glutamate decarboxylase was reduced throughout the brain. cdnf mutant adults showed a range of behavioral phenotypes, including increased sensitivity to pentylenetetrazole-induced seizures. Shoaling behavior of mutant adults was abnormal, and they did not display social attraction to conspecifics. CDNF plays a profound role in shaping the neurotransmitter circuit structure, seizure susceptibility, and complex behaviors in zebrafish. These findings are informative for dissecting the diverse functions of this poorly understood factor in human conditions related to Parkinson's disease and complex behaviors.SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENT A zebrafish lacking cdnf grows normally and shows no overt morphologic phenotype throughout the life span. Remarkably, impaired social cohesion and increased seizure susceptibility were found in adult cdnf KO fish conceivably associated with significant changes of dopaminergic, GABAergic, and histaminergic systems in selective brain areas. These findings suggest that cdnf has broad effects on regulating neurogenesis and maturation of transmitter-specific neuronal types during development and throughout adulthood, rather than ones restricted to the dopaminergic systems.
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Cho S, Park E, Telliyan T, Baker A, Reid AY. Zebrafish model of posttraumatic epilepsy. Epilepsia 2020; 61:1774-1785. [DOI: 10.1111/epi.16589] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2019] [Revised: 06/02/2020] [Accepted: 06/02/2020] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Sung‐Joon Cho
- Division of Fundamental Neurobiology Krembil Research Institute University Health Network Toronto Ontario Canada
- Collaborative Program in Neuroscience University of Toronto Toronto Ontario Canada
- Keenan Research Centre Li Ka Shing Knowledge Institute St. Michael's Hospital Toronto Ontario Canada
| | - Eugene Park
- Keenan Research Centre Li Ka Shing Knowledge Institute St. Michael's Hospital Toronto Ontario Canada
| | - Tamar Telliyan
- Keenan Research Centre Li Ka Shing Knowledge Institute St. Michael's Hospital Toronto Ontario Canada
| | - Andrew Baker
- Keenan Research Centre Li Ka Shing Knowledge Institute St. Michael's Hospital Toronto Ontario Canada
- Department of Anesthesia and Surgery University of Toronto Toronto Ontario Canada
| | - Aylin Y. Reid
- Division of Fundamental Neurobiology Krembil Research Institute University Health Network Toronto Ontario Canada
- Department of Medicine University of Toronto Toronto Ontario Canada
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Duy PQ, He M, He Z, Kahle KT. Preclinical insights into therapeutic targeting of KCC2 for disorders of neuronal hyperexcitability. Expert Opin Ther Targets 2020; 24:629-637. [PMID: 32336175 DOI: 10.1080/14728222.2020.1762174] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Epilepsy is a common neurological disorder of neuronal hyperexcitability that begets recurrent and unprovoked seizures. The lack of a truly satisfactory pharmacotherapy for epilepsy highlights the clinical urgency for the discovery of new drug targets. To that end, targeting the electroneutral K+/Cl- cotransporter KCC2 has emerged as a novel therapeutic strategy for the treatment of epilepsy. AREAS COVERED We summarize the roles of KCC2 in the maintenance of synaptic inhibition and the evidence linking KCC2 dysfunction to epileptogenesis. We also discuss preclinical proof-of-principle studies that demonstrate that augmentation of KCC2 function can reduce seizure activity. Moreover, potential strategies to modulate KCC2 activity for therapeutic benefit are highlighted. EXPERT OPINION Although KCC2 is a promising drug target, questions remain before clinical translation. It is unclear whether increasing KCC2 activity can reverse epileptogenesis, the ultimate curative goal for epilepsy therapy that extends beyond seizure reduction. Furthermore, the potential adverse effects associated with increased KCC2 function have not been studied. Continued investigations into the neurobiology of KCC2 will help to translate promising preclinical insights into viable therapeutic avenues that leverage fundamental properties of KCC2 to treat medically intractable epilepsy and other disorders of failed synaptic inhibition with attendant neuronal hyperexcitability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Phan Q Duy
- Department of Neurosurgery, Yale University School of Medicine , New Haven, CT, USA.,Medical Scientist Training Program, Yale University School of Medicine , New Haven, CT, USA
| | - Miao He
- F.M. Kirby Neurobiology Center, Boston Children's Hospital, and Department of Neurology, Harvard Medical School , Boston, MA, USA
| | - Zhigang He
- F.M. Kirby Neurobiology Center, Boston Children's Hospital, and Department of Neurology, Harvard Medical School , Boston, MA, USA
| | - Kristopher T Kahle
- Department of Neurosurgery, Yale University School of Medicine , New Haven, CT, USA.,Department of Genetics, Yale University School of Medicine , New Haven, CT, USA.,Departments of Pediatrics and Cellular & Molecular Physiology, Yale University School of Medicine , New Haven, CT, USA.,Yale-Rockefeller NIH Centers for Mendelian Genomics, Yale University , New Haven, CT, USA.,Yale Stem Cell Center, Yale School of Medicine , New Haven, CT, USA
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Anti-Inflammation Associated Protective Mechanism of Berberine and its Derivatives on Attenuating Pentylenetetrazole-Induced Seizures in Zebrafish. J Neuroimmune Pharmacol 2020; 15:309-325. [DOI: 10.1007/s11481-019-09902-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2019] [Accepted: 12/10/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
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13
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Mao XY, Zhou HH, Jin WL. Ferroptosis Induction in Pentylenetetrazole Kindling and Pilocarpine-Induced Epileptic Seizures in Mice. Front Neurosci 2019; 13:721. [PMID: 31379480 PMCID: PMC6652743 DOI: 10.3389/fnins.2019.00721] [Citation(s) in RCA: 75] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2019] [Accepted: 06/26/2019] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Epilepsy is a serious neurological disorder and is characterized by recurrent and unprovoked seizures. A critical pathological factor in the seizure genesis is neuronal loss. Until now, apart from the known regulatory cell death pathways, ferroptosis is a newly discovered type of cell death with the features of iron accumulation and the excessive production of lipid reactive oxygen species (ROS). In our present work, it was illustrated that ferroptosis occurs in murine models of pentylenetetrazole (PTZ) kindling and pilocarpine (Pilo)-induced seizures. In both of these seizure models, treatment with ferroptosis inhibitor ferrostatin-1 (Fer-1) efficiently alleviates seizures. This was achieved through elevated levels of glutathione peroxidase 4 (GPX4) and glutathione (GSH) as well as inhibitions of lipid degradation products including 4-hydroxynonenal (4-HNE) and malonaldehyde (MDA), iron accumulation, and PTGS2 mRNA in the hippocampus. It was concluded that ferroptosis is involved in seizure genesis in PTZ- and Pilo-treated mice, while the suppression of ferroptosis mitigates PTZ kindling, and Pilo-induced seizures in mice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiao-Yuan Mao
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha China.,Hunan Key Laboratory of Pharmacogenetics, Institute of Clinical Pharmacology, Central South University, Changsha, China.,Engineering Research Center of Applied Technology of Pharmacogenomics, Ministry of Education, Changsha, China.,National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Changsha, China
| | - Hong-Hao Zhou
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha China.,Hunan Key Laboratory of Pharmacogenetics, Institute of Clinical Pharmacology, Central South University, Changsha, China.,Engineering Research Center of Applied Technology of Pharmacogenomics, Ministry of Education, Changsha, China.,National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Changsha, China
| | - Wei-Lin Jin
- Centers for Translational Medicine, Ruikang Hospital, Guangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanning, China.,Key Laboratory for Thin Film and Microfabrication Technology of Ministry of Education, Department of Instrument Science and Engineering, School of Electronic Information and Electronic Engineering, Institute of Nano Biomedicine and Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
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Lee Y, Lee S, Lee CJ. Cell Proliferation in the Isolated Brains of Adult Zebrafish Incubated in Artificial Cerebrospinal Fluid. Zebrafish 2019; 16:486-489. [PMID: 31295072 DOI: 10.1089/zeb.2019.1740] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
The high rate of cell proliferation in the zebrafish brain allows one to perform reliable studies on cellular molecules associated with cell proliferation. In this study, we show that 5-bromo-2'-deoxyuridine (BrdU)-labeled cells were detected in the isolated brains of adult zebrafish that were incubated in oxygenated artificial cerebrospinal fluid (aCSF) in vitro. The number of BrdU-labeled cells shown in the in vitro preparation was close to that in the in vivo study and was modified by treatment with various pharmacological agents, such as valproic acid. In parallel to cell proliferation, protein expression and neural activity could also be measured in the isolated brains maintained in aCSF.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yunkyoung Lee
- Department of Biological Sciences, Inha University, Incheon, Korea
| | - Sujeong Lee
- Department of Biological Sciences, Inha University, Incheon, Korea
| | - Chang-Joong Lee
- Department of Biological Sciences, Inha University, Incheon, Korea
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15
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Johan Arief MF, Choo BKM, Yap JL, Kumari Y, Shaikh MF. A Systematic Review on Non-mammalian Models in Epilepsy Research. Front Pharmacol 2018; 9:655. [PMID: 29997502 PMCID: PMC6030834 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2018.00655] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2018] [Accepted: 05/31/2018] [Indexed: 02/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Epilepsy is a common neurological disorder characterized by seizures which result in distinctive neurobiological and behavioral impairments. Not much is known about the causes of epilepsy, making it difficult to devise an effective cure for epilepsy. Moreover, clinical studies involving epileptogenesis and ictogenesis cannot be conducted in humans due to ethical reasons. As a result, animal models play a crucial role in the replication of epileptic seizures. In recent years, non-mammalian models have been given a primary focus in epilepsy research due to their advantages. This systematic review aims to summarize the importance of non-mammalian models in epilepsy research, such as in the screening of anti-convulsive compounds. The reason for this review is to integrate currently available information on the use and importance of non-mammalian models in epilepsy testing to aid in the planning of future studies as well as to provide an overview of the current state of this field. A PRISMA model was utilized and PubMed, Springer, ScienceDirect and SCOPUS were searched for articles published between January 2007 and November 2017. Fifty-one articles were finalized based on the inclusion/exclusion criteria and were discussed in this review. The results of this review demonstrated the current use of non-mammalian models in epilepsy research and reaffirmed their potential to supplement the typical rodent models of epilepsy in future research into both epileptogenesis and the treatment of epilepsy. This review also revealed a preference for zebrafish and fruit flies in lieu of other non-mammalian models, which is a shortcoming that should be corrected in future studies due to the great potential of these underutilized animal models.
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Affiliation(s)
- Muhammad Faiz Johan Arief
- MBBS Young Scholars Program, Jeffrey Cheah School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Monash University Malaysia, Bandar Sunway, Malaysia.,Neuropharmacology Research Laboratory, Jeffrey Cheah School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Monash University Malaysia, Bandar Sunway, Malaysia
| | - Brandon Kar Meng Choo
- Neuropharmacology Research Laboratory, Jeffrey Cheah School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Monash University Malaysia, Bandar Sunway, Malaysia
| | - Jia Ling Yap
- Neuropharmacology Research Laboratory, Jeffrey Cheah School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Monash University Malaysia, Bandar Sunway, Malaysia.,School of Science, Monash University Malaysia, Bandar Sunway, Malaysia
| | - Yatinesh Kumari
- Neuropharmacology Research Laboratory, Jeffrey Cheah School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Monash University Malaysia, Bandar Sunway, Malaysia
| | - Mohd Farooq Shaikh
- Neuropharmacology Research Laboratory, Jeffrey Cheah School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Monash University Malaysia, Bandar Sunway, Malaysia
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Taurine Protects from Pentylenetetrazole-Induced Behavioral and Neurochemical Changes in Zebrafish. Mol Neurobiol 2018; 56:583-594. [DOI: 10.1007/s12035-018-1107-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2018] [Accepted: 05/03/2018] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
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