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Shang Z, Liu N, Ouyang H, Cai X, Yan W, Wang J, Zhan J, Jia Y, Xing C, Huang L, Wu L, Liu W. Sex-based differences in brain morphometry under chronic stress: A pilot MRI study. Heliyon 2024; 10:e30354. [PMID: 38726160 PMCID: PMC11079087 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e30354] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2022] [Revised: 04/22/2024] [Accepted: 04/24/2024] [Indexed: 05/12/2024] Open
Abstract
Background Sex-based differences are known to be a significant feature of chronic stress; however, the morphological mechanisms of the brain underlying these differences remain unclear. The present study aimed to use magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and voxel-based morphometry (VBM) to investigate the effects of sex on gray matter volume (GMV) changes under conditions of chronic stress. Methods A total of 32 subjects were included for analysis in the present study: 16 participants experiencing chronic stress and 16 healthy controls. T1-weighted (T1WI) images from a 3 T MRI scanner were extracted from the OpenfMRI database. Images were segmented into gray matter using VBM analysis. A two-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) with a 2 × 2 full factorial design was used to evaluate the main and interaction effects of chronic stress and sex on GMV changes, and then post hoc testing was used to verify each simple effect. Results Two-way ANOVA showed a chronic stress × sex interaction effect on GMV. Simple effects analysis indicated that the GMV of the bilateral pre- and post-central gyri, the right cuneus and superior occipital gyrus was decreased in males, whereas that of the bilateral pre- and post-central gyri, the right superior occipital gyrus and the left middle frontal gyrus and orbital middle frontal gyrus was increased in females, under chronic stress. Additionally, in the control group, the GMV of the bilateral pre- and post-central gyri, the right cuneus and superior occipital gyrus was greater in males than females. While in the chronic stress group, the above sex-based differences were no longer significant. Conclusions This study preliminarily shows that there are significant differences in gray matter volume changes between males and females under chronic stress. These findings provide a basis for future studies investigating the volumetric mechanisms of sex differences under chronic stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhilei Shang
- Lab for Post-traumatic Stress Disorder, Faculty of Psychology and Mental Health, Naval Medical University, Shanghai, 200433, China
- The Emotion & Cognition Lab, Faculty of Psychology and Mental Health, Naval Medical University, Shanghai, 200433, China
| | - Nianqi Liu
- Faculty of Psychology, Institute of Educational Science, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Hui Ouyang
- Lab for Post-traumatic Stress Disorder, Faculty of Psychology and Mental Health, Naval Medical University, Shanghai, 200433, China
- The Emotion & Cognition Lab, Faculty of Psychology and Mental Health, Naval Medical University, Shanghai, 200433, China
| | - Xiaojie Cai
- Department of Radiology, Changshu Hospital Affiliated to Suzhou University, Changshu, 215500, China
| | - Wenjie Yan
- Lab for Post-traumatic Stress Disorder, Faculty of Psychology and Mental Health, Naval Medical University, Shanghai, 200433, China
- The Emotion & Cognition Lab, Faculty of Psychology and Mental Health, Naval Medical University, Shanghai, 200433, China
| | - Jing Wang
- Lab for Post-traumatic Stress Disorder, Faculty of Psychology and Mental Health, Naval Medical University, Shanghai, 200433, China
- The Emotion & Cognition Lab, Faculty of Psychology and Mental Health, Naval Medical University, Shanghai, 200433, China
| | - Jingye Zhan
- Lab for Post-traumatic Stress Disorder, Faculty of Psychology and Mental Health, Naval Medical University, Shanghai, 200433, China
- The Emotion & Cognition Lab, Faculty of Psychology and Mental Health, Naval Medical University, Shanghai, 200433, China
| | - Yanpu Jia
- Lab for Post-traumatic Stress Disorder, Faculty of Psychology and Mental Health, Naval Medical University, Shanghai, 200433, China
- The Emotion & Cognition Lab, Faculty of Psychology and Mental Health, Naval Medical University, Shanghai, 200433, China
| | - Chenqi Xing
- Lab for Post-traumatic Stress Disorder, Faculty of Psychology and Mental Health, Naval Medical University, Shanghai, 200433, China
- The Emotion & Cognition Lab, Faculty of Psychology and Mental Health, Naval Medical University, Shanghai, 200433, China
| | - Lijun Huang
- Department of Radiology, Changshu Hospital Affiliated to Suzhou University, Changshu, 215500, China
| | - Lili Wu
- Lab for Post-traumatic Stress Disorder, Faculty of Psychology and Mental Health, Naval Medical University, Shanghai, 200433, China
- The Emotion & Cognition Lab, Faculty of Psychology and Mental Health, Naval Medical University, Shanghai, 200433, China
| | - Weizhi Liu
- Lab for Post-traumatic Stress Disorder, Faculty of Psychology and Mental Health, Naval Medical University, Shanghai, 200433, China
- The Emotion & Cognition Lab, Faculty of Psychology and Mental Health, Naval Medical University, Shanghai, 200433, China
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Haas A, Chung J, Kent C, Mills B, McCoy M. Vertebral Subluxation and Systems Biology: An Integrative Review Exploring the Salutogenic Influence of Chiropractic Care on the Neuroendocrine-Immune System. Cureus 2024; 16:e56223. [PMID: 38618450 PMCID: PMC11016242 DOI: 10.7759/cureus.56223] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 03/15/2024] [Indexed: 04/16/2024] Open
Abstract
In this paper we synthesize an expansive body of literature examining the multifaceted influence of chiropractic care on processes within and modulators of the neuroendocrine-immune (NEI) system, for the purpose of generating an inductive hypothesis regarding the potential impacts of chiropractic care on integrated physiology. Taking a broad, interdisciplinary, and integrative view of two decades of research-documented outcomes of chiropractic care, inclusive of reports ranging from systematic and meta-analysis and randomized and observational trials to case and cohort studies, this review encapsulates a rigorous analysis of research and suggests the appropriateness of a more integrative perspective on the impact of chiropractic care on systemic physiology. A novel perspective on the salutogenic, health-promoting effects of chiropractic adjustment is presented, focused on the improvement of physical indicators of well-being and adaptability such as blood pressure, heart rate variability, and sleep, potential benefits that may be facilitated through multiple neurologically mediated pathways. Our findings support the biological plausibility of complex benefits from chiropractic intervention that is not limited to simple neuromusculoskeletal outcomes and open new avenues for future research, specifically the exploration and mapping of the precise neural pathways and networks influenced by chiropractic adjustment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amy Haas
- Research, Foundation for Vertebral Subluxation, Kennesaw, USA
| | - Jonathan Chung
- Research, Foundation for Vertebral Subluxation, Kennesaw, USA
| | - Christopher Kent
- Research, Sherman College, Spartanburg, USA
- Research, Foundation for Vertebral Subluxation, Kennesaw, USA
| | - Brooke Mills
- Research, Foundation for Vertebral Subluxation, Kennesaw, USA
| | - Matthew McCoy
- Research, Foundation for Vertebral Subluxation, Kennesaw, USA
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Crucianelli L, Reader AT, Ehrsson HH. Subcortical contributions to the sense of body ownership. Brain 2024; 147:390-405. [PMID: 37847057 PMCID: PMC10834261 DOI: 10.1093/brain/awad359] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2023] [Revised: 09/01/2023] [Accepted: 10/03/2023] [Indexed: 10/18/2023] Open
Abstract
The sense of body ownership (i.e. the feeling that our body or its parts belong to us) plays a key role in bodily self-consciousness and is believed to stem from multisensory integration. Experimental paradigms such as the rubber hand illusion have been developed to allow the controlled manipulation of body ownership in laboratory settings, providing effective tools for investigating malleability in the sense of body ownership and the boundaries that distinguish self from other. Neuroimaging studies of body ownership converge on the involvement of several cortical regions, including the premotor cortex and posterior parietal cortex. However, relatively less attention has been paid to subcortical structures that may also contribute to body ownership perception, such as the cerebellum and putamen. Here, on the basis of neuroimaging and neuropsychological observations, we provide an overview of relevant subcortical regions and consider their potential role in generating and maintaining a sense of ownership over the body. We also suggest novel avenues for future research targeting the role of subcortical regions in making sense of the body as our own.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laura Crucianelli
- Department of Biological and Experimental Psychology, Queen Mary University of London, London E1 4DQ, UK
- Department of Neuroscience, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm 171 65, Sweden
| | - Arran T Reader
- Department of Psychology, Faculty of Natural Sciences, University of Stirling, Stirling FK9 4LA, UK
| | - H Henrik Ehrsson
- Department of Neuroscience, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm 171 65, Sweden
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Lee S, Cheong Y, Ryu Y, Kosaka H, Jung M. Vasotocin receptor gene genotypes moderate the relationship between cortical thickness and sensory processing. Transl Psychiatry 2023; 13:356. [PMID: 37990008 PMCID: PMC10663457 DOI: 10.1038/s41398-023-02657-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2023] [Revised: 10/24/2023] [Accepted: 11/07/2023] [Indexed: 11/23/2023] Open
Abstract
Sensory processing is the process by which the central nervous system gathers, interprets, and regulates sensory stimuli in response to environmental cues. However, our understanding of the genetic factors and neuroanatomical correlations that influence sensory processing is limited. The vasotocin system modulates sensory input responsiveness, making it a potential candidate for further investigation. Additionally, human neuroimaging studies have demonstrated that the ability to modulate sensory stimuli is related to neuroanatomical features such as cortical thickness. Therefore, this study aimed to examine the relationship between functional polymorphisms in vasotocin receptor (VTR) genes, sensory profiles, and neuroanatomical correlations. We used structural magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and the Adolescent/Adult Sensory Profile (AASP) questionnaire in 98 healthy adult participants to assess sensory processing and identified seven single nucleotide polymorphisms. We found that A-allele carriers of rs1042615 in VTR had higher scores for "sensory sensitivity" and "sensation avoiding". Moreover, higher scores for three AASP subscales were associated with decreased cortical thickness in various regions, including the right precentral, paracentral, and fusiform gyri, as well as bilateral inferior temporal gyri. This study sheds light on the potential role of genetic variations in the VTR in modulating sensory processing and correlation with cortical thickness which has future implications for better understanding sensory abnormalities in neurodevelopmental disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seonkyoung Lee
- Cognitive Science Research Group, Korea Brain Research Institute, Daegu, Republic of Korea
| | - Yongjeon Cheong
- Cognitive Science Research Group, Korea Brain Research Institute, Daegu, Republic of Korea
| | - Yeseul Ryu
- Cognitive Science Research Group, Korea Brain Research Institute, Daegu, Republic of Korea
| | - Hirotaka Kosaka
- Department of Neuropsychiatry, University of Fukui, Eiheiji, Fukui, Japan.
- Division of Developmental Higher Brain Functions, United Graduate School of Child Development, University of Fukui, Eiheiji, Japan.
| | - Minyoung Jung
- Cognitive Science Research Group, Korea Brain Research Institute, Daegu, Republic of Korea.
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Wu H, Zhou C, Guan X, Bai X, Guo T, Wu J, Chen J, Wen J, Wu C, Cao Z, Liu X, Gao T, Gu L, Huang P, Xu X, Zhang B, Zhang M. Functional connectomes of akinetic-rigid and tremor within drug-naïve Parkinson's disease. CNS Neurosci Ther 2023; 29:3507-3517. [PMID: 37305965 PMCID: PMC10580330 DOI: 10.1111/cns.14284] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2022] [Revised: 03/26/2023] [Accepted: 05/22/2023] [Indexed: 06/13/2023] Open
Abstract
AIMS To detect functional connectomes of akinetic-rigid (AR) and tremor and compare their connection pattern. METHODS Resting-state functional MRI data of 78 drug-naïve PD patients were enrolled to construct connectomes of AR and tremor via connectome-based predictive modeling (CPM). The connectomes were further validated with 17 drug-naïve patients to verify their replication. RESULTS The connectomes related to AR and tremor were identified via CPM method and successfully validated in the independent set. Additional regional-based CPM demonstrated neither AR nor tremor could be simplified to functional changes within a single brain region. Computational lesion version of CPM revealed that parietal lobe and limbic system were the most important regions among AR-related connectome, and motor strip and cerebellum were the most important regions among tremor-related connectome. Comparing two connectomes found that the patterns of connection between them were largely distinct, with only four overlapped connections identified. CONCLUSION AR and tremor were found to be associated with functional changes in multiple brain regions. Distinct connection patterns of AR-related and tremor-related connectomes suggest different neural mechanisms underlying the two symptoms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haoting Wu
- Department of Radiology, The Second Affiliated HospitalZhejiang University School of MedicineHangzhouChina
| | - Cheng Zhou
- Department of Radiology, The Second Affiliated HospitalZhejiang University School of MedicineHangzhouChina
| | - Xiaojun Guan
- Department of Radiology, The Second Affiliated HospitalZhejiang University School of MedicineHangzhouChina
| | - Xueqin Bai
- Department of Radiology, The Second Affiliated HospitalZhejiang University School of MedicineHangzhouChina
| | - Tao Guo
- Department of Radiology, The Second Affiliated HospitalZhejiang University School of MedicineHangzhouChina
| | - Jingjing Wu
- Department of Radiology, The Second Affiliated HospitalZhejiang University School of MedicineHangzhouChina
| | - Jingwen Chen
- Department of Radiology, The Second Affiliated HospitalZhejiang University School of MedicineHangzhouChina
| | - Jiaqi Wen
- Department of Radiology, The Second Affiliated HospitalZhejiang University School of MedicineHangzhouChina
| | - Chenqing Wu
- Department of Radiology, The Second Affiliated HospitalZhejiang University School of MedicineHangzhouChina
| | - Zhengye Cao
- Department of Radiology, The Second Affiliated HospitalZhejiang University School of MedicineHangzhouChina
| | - Xiaocao Liu
- Department of Radiology, The Second Affiliated HospitalZhejiang University School of MedicineHangzhouChina
| | - Ting Gao
- Department of Neurology, The Second Affiliated HospitalZhejiang University School of MedicineHangzhouChina
| | - Luyan Gu
- Department of Neurology, The Second Affiliated HospitalZhejiang University School of MedicineHangzhouChina
| | - Peiyu Huang
- Department of Radiology, The Second Affiliated HospitalZhejiang University School of MedicineHangzhouChina
| | - Xiaojun Xu
- Department of Radiology, The Second Affiliated HospitalZhejiang University School of MedicineHangzhouChina
| | - Baorong Zhang
- Department of Neurology, The Second Affiliated HospitalZhejiang University School of MedicineHangzhouChina
| | - Minming Zhang
- Department of Radiology, The Second Affiliated HospitalZhejiang University School of MedicineHangzhouChina
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Wang Y, Wang F, Kong Y, Gao T, Zhu Q, Han L, Sun B, Guan L, Zhang Z, Qian Y, Xu L, Li Y, Fang H, Jiao G, Ke X. High definition transcranial direct current stimulation of the Cz improves social dysfunction in children with autism spectrum disorder: A randomized, sham, controlled study. Autism Res 2023; 16:2035-2048. [PMID: 37695276 DOI: 10.1002/aur.3018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2023] [Accepted: 08/08/2023] [Indexed: 09/12/2023]
Abstract
The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of the Cz of high-definition 5-channel tDCS (HD-tDCS) on social function in 4-12 years-old children with autism spectrum disorder (ASD). This study was a randomized, double-blind, pseudo-controlled trial in which 45 ASD children were recruited and divided into three groups with sex, age, and rehabilitation treatment as control variables. Each group of 15 children with ASD was randomly administered active HD-tDCS with the Cz as the central anode, active HD-tDCS with the left dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (F3) as the central anode, and sham HD-tDCS with the Cz as the central anode with 14 daily sessions in 3 weeks. The Social Responsiveness Scale Chinese Version (SRS-Chinese Version) was compared 1 week after stimulation with values recorded 1 week prior to stimulation. At the end of treatment, both the anodal Cz and anodal left DLFPC tDCS decreased the measures of SRS-Chinese Version. The total score of SRS-Chinese Version decreased by 13.08%, social cognition decreased by 18.33%, and social communication decreased by 10.79%, which were significantly improved over the Cz central anode active stimulation group, especially in children with young age, and middle and low function. There was no significant change in the total score and subscale score of SRS-Chinese Version over the Cz central anode sham stimulation group. In the F3 central anode active stimulation group, the total score of SRS-Chinese Version decreased by 13%, autistic behavior decreased by 19.39%, and social communication decreased by 14.39%, which were all significantly improved. However, there was no significant difference in effect between the Cz and left DLPFC stimulation conditions. HD-tDCS of the Cz central anode may be an effective treatment for social dysfunction in children with ASD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yonglu Wang
- Child Mental Health Research Center, The Affiliated Brain Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Fei Wang
- Child Mental Health Research Center, The Affiliated Brain Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Yue Kong
- Child Mental Health Research Center, The Affiliated Brain Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Tianshu Gao
- Child Mental Health Research Center, The Affiliated Brain Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Qingyao Zhu
- Child Mental Health Research Center, The Affiliated Brain Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Lu Han
- Child Mental Health Research Center, The Affiliated Brain Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Bei Sun
- Child Mental Health Research Center, The Affiliated Brain Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Luyang Guan
- Child Mental Health Research Center, The Affiliated Brain Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Ziyi Zhang
- Child Mental Health Research Center, The Affiliated Brain Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Yuxin Qian
- Child Mental Health Research Center, The Affiliated Brain Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Lingxi Xu
- Child Mental Health Research Center, The Affiliated Brain Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Yun Li
- Child Mental Health Research Center, The Affiliated Brain Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Hui Fang
- Child Mental Health Research Center, The Affiliated Brain Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Gongkai Jiao
- Child Mental Health Research Center, The Affiliated Brain Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Xiaoyan Ke
- Child Mental Health Research Center, The Affiliated Brain Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
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7
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Dugré JR, Potvin S. Altered functional connectivity of the amygdala across variants of callous-unemotional traits: A resting-state fMRI study in children and adolescents. J Psychiatr Res 2023; 163:32-42. [PMID: 37201236 DOI: 10.1016/j.jpsychires.2023.05.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2022] [Revised: 02/28/2023] [Accepted: 05/01/2023] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
Over the past years, research has shown that primary (high callousness and low anxiety) and secondary (high callousness and anxiety) variants of CU traits may be associated with opposite amygdala activity (hypo- and hyper-reactivity, respectively). However, their differences in amygdala functional connectivity remains largely unexplored. We conducted a Latent Profile Analysis on a large sample of adolescents (n = 1416) to identify homogeneous subgroups with different levels of callousness and anxiety. We then performed a seed-to-voxel connectivity analysis on resting-state fMRI data to compare subgroups on connectivity patterns of the amygdala. We examined the results in relation to conduct problems to identify potential neural risk factors. The Latent Profile Analysis revealed four subgroups, including the primary and secondary variants, anxious, and typically developing adolescents. The seed-to-voxel analyses showed that the primary variant was mainly characterized by increased connectivity between the left amygdala and left thalamus. The secondary variant exhibited deficient connectivity between the amygdala and the dorsomedial prefrontal cortex, temporo-parietal junction, premotor, and postcentral gyrus. Both variants showed increased connectivity between the left amygdala and the right thalamus but exhibited opposite functional connectivity between the left amygdala and the parahippocampal gyrus. Dimensional analyses indicated that conduct problems may play a mediating role between callousness and amygdala-dmPFC functional connectivity across youths with already high levels of callousness. Our study highlights that both variants differ in the functional connectivity of the amygdala. Our results support the importance of disentangling the heterogeneity of adolescents at risk for conduct problems in neuroimaging.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jules R Dugré
- Research Center of the Institut Universitaire en Santé Mentale de Montréal, Montreal, Canada; Department of Psychiatry and Addictology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Montreal, Montreal, Canada.
| | - Stéphane Potvin
- Research Center of the Institut Universitaire en Santé Mentale de Montréal, Montreal, Canada; Department of Psychiatry and Addictology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Montreal, Montreal, Canada.
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8
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Kong Q, Sacca V, Zhu M, Ursitti AK, Kong J. Anatomical and Functional Connectivity of Critical Deep Brain Structures and Their Potential Clinical Application in Brain Stimulation. J Clin Med 2023; 12:4426. [PMID: 37445460 DOI: 10.3390/jcm12134426] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2023] [Revised: 06/22/2023] [Accepted: 06/23/2023] [Indexed: 07/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Subcortical structures, such as the hippocampus, amygdala, and nucleus accumbens (NAcc), play crucial roles in human cognitive, memory, and emotional processing, chronic pain pathophysiology, and are implicated in various psychiatric and neurological diseases. Interventions modulating the activities of these deep brain structures hold promise for improving clinical outcomes. Recently, non-invasive brain stimulation (NIBS) has been applied to modulate brain activity and has demonstrated its potential for treating psychiatric and neurological disorders. However, modulating the above deep brain structures using NIBS may be challenging due to the nature of these stimulations. This study attempts to identify brain surface regions as source targets for NIBS to reach these deep brain structures by integrating functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) and diffusion tensor imaging (DTI). We used resting-state functional connectivity (rsFC) and probabilistic tractography (PTG) analysis to identify brain surface stimulation targets that are functionally and structurally connected to the hippocampus, amygdala, and NAcc in 119 healthy participants. Our results showed that the medial prefrontal cortex (mPFC) is functionally and anatomically connected to all three subcortical regions, while the precuneus is connected to the hippocampus and amygdala. The mPFC and precuneus, two key hubs of the default mode network (DMN), as well as other cortical areas distributed at the prefrontal cortex and the parietal, temporal, and occipital lobes, were identified as potential locations for NIBS to modulate the function of these deep structures. The findings may provide new insights into the NIBS target selections for treating psychiatric and neurological disorders and chronic pain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiao Kong
- Department of Psychiatry, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Building 120, 2nd Ave., Charlestown, MA 02129, USA
| | - Valeria Sacca
- Department of Psychiatry, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Building 120, 2nd Ave., Charlestown, MA 02129, USA
| | - Meixuan Zhu
- Department of Psychiatry, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Building 120, 2nd Ave., Charlestown, MA 02129, USA
| | - Amy Katherine Ursitti
- Department of Psychiatry, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Building 120, 2nd Ave., Charlestown, MA 02129, USA
| | - Jian Kong
- Department of Psychiatry, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Building 120, 2nd Ave., Charlestown, MA 02129, USA
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9
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Demchenko I, Desai N, Iwasa SN, Gholamali Nezhad F, Zariffa J, Kennedy SH, Rule NO, Cohn JF, Popovic MR, Mulsant BH, Bhat V. Manipulating facial musculature with functional electrical stimulation as an intervention for major depressive disorder: a focused search of literature for a proposal. J Neuroeng Rehabil 2023; 20:64. [PMID: 37193985 DOI: 10.1186/s12984-023-01187-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2023] [Accepted: 05/02/2023] [Indexed: 05/18/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Major Depressive Disorder (MDD) is associated with interoceptive deficits expressed throughout the body, particularly the facial musculature. According to the facial feedback hypothesis, afferent feedback from the facial muscles suffices to alter the emotional experience. Thus, manipulating the facial muscles could provide a new "mind-body" intervention for MDD. This article provides a conceptual overview of functional electrical stimulation (FES), a novel neuromodulation-based treatment modality that can be potentially used in the treatment of disorders of disrupted brain connectivity, such as MDD. METHODS A focused literature search was performed for clinical studies of FES as a modulatory treatment for mood symptoms. The literature is reviewed in a narrative format, integrating theories of emotion, facial expression, and MDD. RESULTS A rich body of literature on FES supports the notion that peripheral muscle manipulation in patients with stroke or spinal cord injury may enhance central neuroplasticity, restoring lost sensorimotor function. These neuroplastic effects suggest that FES may be a promising innovative intervention for psychiatric disorders of disrupted brain connectivity, such as MDD. Recent pilot data on repetitive FES applied to the facial muscles in healthy participants and patients with MDD show early promise, suggesting that FES may attenuate the negative interoceptive bias associated with MDD by enhancing positive facial feedback. Neurobiologically, the amygdala and nodes of the emotion-to-motor transformation loop may serve as potential neural targets for facial FES in MDD, as they integrate proprioceptive and interoceptive inputs from muscles of facial expression and fine-tune their motor output in line with socio-emotional context. CONCLUSIONS Manipulating facial muscles may represent a mechanistically novel treatment strategy for MDD and other disorders of disrupted brain connectivity that is worthy of investigation in phase II/III trials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ilya Demchenko
- Interventional Psychiatry Program, Mental Health and Addictions Service, St. Michael's Hospital - Unity Health Toronto, Toronto, ON, M5B 1M4, Canada
- Institute of Medical Science, Temerty Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, M5S 1A8, Canada
| | - Naaz Desai
- Krembil Research Institute - University Health Network, Toronto, ON, M5T 0S8, Canada
- KITE, Toronto Rehabilitation Institute - University Health Network, Toronto, ON, M5G 2A2, Canada
| | - Stephanie N Iwasa
- KITE, Toronto Rehabilitation Institute - University Health Network, Toronto, ON, M5G 2A2, Canada
- CRANIA, University Health Network, Toronto, ON, M5G 2C4, Canada
| | - Fatemeh Gholamali Nezhad
- Interventional Psychiatry Program, Mental Health and Addictions Service, St. Michael's Hospital - Unity Health Toronto, Toronto, ON, M5B 1M4, Canada
| | - José Zariffa
- KITE, Toronto Rehabilitation Institute - University Health Network, Toronto, ON, M5G 2A2, Canada
- CRANIA, University Health Network, Toronto, ON, M5G 2C4, Canada
- Rehabilitation Sciences Institute, Temerty Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, M5G 1V7, Canada
- Institute of Biomedical Engineering, Faculty of Applied Science & Engineering, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, M5S 3E2, Canada
- The Edward S. Rogers Sr. Department of Electrical & Computer Engineering, Faculty of Applied Science & Engineering, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, M5S 3G8, Canada
| | - Sidney H Kennedy
- Interventional Psychiatry Program, Mental Health and Addictions Service, St. Michael's Hospital - Unity Health Toronto, Toronto, ON, M5B 1M4, Canada
- Institute of Medical Science, Temerty Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, M5S 1A8, Canada
- Department of Psychiatry, Temerty Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, M5T 1R8, Canada
| | - Nicholas O Rule
- Department of Psychology, Faculty of Arts & Science , University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, M5S 3G3, Canada
| | - Jeffrey F Cohn
- Department of Psychology, Kenneth P. Dietrich School of Arts & Sciences, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, 15260, USA
| | - Milos R Popovic
- Institute of Medical Science, Temerty Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, M5S 1A8, Canada
- KITE, Toronto Rehabilitation Institute - University Health Network, Toronto, ON, M5G 2A2, Canada
- CRANIA, University Health Network, Toronto, ON, M5G 2C4, Canada
- Institute of Biomedical Engineering, Faculty of Applied Science & Engineering, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, M5S 3E2, Canada
- The Edward S. Rogers Sr. Department of Electrical & Computer Engineering, Faculty of Applied Science & Engineering, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, M5S 3G8, Canada
| | - Benoit H Mulsant
- Department of Psychiatry, Temerty Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, M5T 1R8, Canada
- Campbell Family Mental Health Research Institute, Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, Toronto, ON, M6J 1H4, Canada
| | - Venkat Bhat
- Interventional Psychiatry Program, Mental Health and Addictions Service, St. Michael's Hospital - Unity Health Toronto, Toronto, ON, M5B 1M4, Canada.
- Institute of Medical Science, Temerty Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, M5S 1A8, Canada.
- Krembil Research Institute - University Health Network, Toronto, ON, M5T 0S8, Canada.
- KITE, Toronto Rehabilitation Institute - University Health Network, Toronto, ON, M5G 2A2, Canada.
- CRANIA, University Health Network, Toronto, ON, M5G 2C4, Canada.
- Department of Psychiatry, Temerty Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, M5T 1R8, Canada.
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10
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Wang Y, Xu L, Fang H, Wang F, Gao T, Zhu Q, Jiao G, Ke X. Social Brain Network of Children with Autism Spectrum Disorder: Characterization of Functional Connectivity and Potential Association with Stereotyped Behavior. Brain Sci 2023; 13:brainsci13020280. [PMID: 36831823 PMCID: PMC9953760 DOI: 10.3390/brainsci13020280] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2022] [Revised: 01/21/2023] [Accepted: 01/26/2023] [Indexed: 02/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Objective: To identify patterns of social dysfunction in adolescents with autism spectrum disorder (ASD), study the potential linkage between social brain networks and stereotyped behavior, and further explore potential targets of non-invasive nerve stimulation to improve social disorders. Methods: Voxel-wise and ROI-wise analysis methods were adopted to explore abnormalities in the functional activity of social-related regions of the brain. Then, we analyzed the relationships between clinical variables and the statistical indicators of social-related brain regions. Results: Compared with the typically developing group, the functional connectivity strength of social-related brain regions with the precentral gyrus, postcentral gyrus, supplementary motor area, paracentral lobule, median cingulum, and paracingulum gyri was significantly weakened in the ASD group (all p < 0. 01). The functional connectivity was negatively correlated with communication, social interaction, communication + social interaction, and the total score of the ADOS scale (r = -0.38, -0.39, -0.40, and -0.3, respectively; all p < 0.01), with social awareness, social cognition, social communication, social motivation, autistic mannerisms, and the total score of the SRS scale (r = -0.32, -0.32, -0.40, -0.30, -0.28, and -0.27, respectively; all p < 0.01), and with the total score of SCQ (r = -0.27, p < 0.01). In addition, significant intergroup differences in clustering coefficients and betweenness centrality were seen across multiple brain regions in the ASD group. Conclusions: The functional connectivity between social-related brain regions and many other brain regions was significantly weakened compared to the typically developing group, and it was negatively correlated with social disorders. Social network dysfunction seems to be related to stereotyped behavior. Therefore, these social-related brain regions may be taken as potential stimulation targets of non-invasive nerve stimulation to improve social dysfunction in children with ASD in the future.
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11
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Vasenina EE. [Gender characteristics of anxiety disorders]. Zh Nevrol Psikhiatr Im S S Korsakova 2023; 123:48-53. [PMID: 37966439 DOI: 10.17116/jnevro202312310148] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2023]
Abstract
Anxiety and depression are an extremely significant issue of the modern society. According to the epidemiological data, the development of various affective syndromes shows gender-related differences. For example, clinically significant anxiety occurs 2.5 times more often in women than in men. Anxiety disorders in women are characterized by less favorable course, a tendency to relapses and chronification, and also by poor clinical response to therapy. Taking gender differences into account, a significant role of reproductive hormones may be assumed in development of both affective disorders and the features of the course of the disease. In this review we discuss various effects of testosterone, estrogens that can influence development risks of anxiety and depression, as well as possibly influence therapeutic choices.
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Affiliation(s)
- E E Vasenina
- Russian Medical Academy of Continuous Professional Education, Moscow, Russia
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12
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Yoon L, Rohrsetzer F, Battel L, Anés M, Manfro PH, Rohde LA, Viduani A, Zajkowska Z, Mondelli V, Kieling C, Swartz JR. Reward- and threat-related neural function associated with risk and presence of depression in adolescents: a study using a composite risk score in Brazil. J Child Psychol Psychiatry 2022; 63:579-590. [PMID: 34363203 DOI: 10.1111/jcpp.13496] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 06/22/2021] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Neuroimaging studies on adolescents at risk for depression have relied on a single risk factor and focused on adolescents in high-income countries. Using a composite risk score, this study aims to examine neural activity and connectivity associated with risk and presence of depression in adolescents in Brazil. METHODS Depression risk was defined with the Identifying Depression Early in Adolescence Risk Score (IDEA-RS), calculated using a prognostic model that included 11 socio-demographic risk factors. Adolescents recruited from schools in Porto Alegre were classified into a low-risk (i.e., low IDEA-RS and no lifetime depression), high-risk (i.e., high IDEA-RS and no lifetime depression), or clinically depressed group (i.e., high IDEA-RS and depression diagnosis). One hundred fifty adolescents underwent a functional MRI scan while completing a reward-related gambling and a threat-related face-matching task. We compared group differences in activity and connectivity of the ventral striatum (VS) and amygdala during the gambling and face-matching tasks, respectively, and group differences in whole-brain neural activity. RESULTS Although there was no group difference in reward-related VS or threat-related amygdala activity, the depressed group showed elevated VS activity to punishment relative to high-risk adolescents. The whole-brain analysis found reduced reward-related activity in the lateral prefrontal cortex of patients and high-risk adolescents compared with low-risk adolescents. Compared with low-risk adolescents, high-risk and depressed adolescents showed reduced threat-related left amygdala connectivity with thalamus, superior temporal gyrus, inferior parietal gyrus, precentral gyrus, and supplementary motor area. CONCLUSIONS We identified neural correlates associated with risk and presence of depression in a well-characterized sample of adolescents. These findings enhance knowledge of the neurobiological underpinnings of risk and presence of depression in Brazil. Future longitudinal studies are needed to examine whether the observed neural patterns of high-risk adolescents predict the development of depression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Leehyun Yoon
- Department of Human Ecology, University of California Davis, Davis, CA, USA
| | - Fernanda Rohrsetzer
- Child and Adolescent Psychiatry Division, Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre, Porto Alegre, Brazil.,Department of Psychiatry, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | - Lucas Battel
- Child and Adolescent Psychiatry Division, Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre, Porto Alegre, Brazil.,Department of Medicine, University at Buffalo Jacobs School of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, Buffalo, NY, USA
| | - Mauricio Anés
- Division of Medical Physics and Radioprotection, Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre, Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | - Pedro H Manfro
- Child and Adolescent Psychiatry Division, Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre, Porto Alegre, Brazil.,Department of Psychiatry, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | - Luis A Rohde
- Department of Psychiatry, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil.,ADHD and Developmental Psychiatry Programs, Hospital de Clínicas de Porte Alegre, Porto Alegre, Brazil.,Institute of Developmental Psychiatry for Children and Adolescents, Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | - Anna Viduani
- Department of Psychiatry, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | - Zuzanna Zajkowska
- Department of Psychological Medicine, King's College London, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, London, UK
| | - Valeria Mondelli
- Department of Psychological Medicine, King's College London, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, London, UK.,NIHR Maudsley Biomedical Research Centre, South London and Maudsley NHS Foundation Trust and King's College London, London, UK
| | - Christian Kieling
- Child and Adolescent Psychiatry Division, Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre, Porto Alegre, Brazil.,Department of Psychiatry, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | - Johnna R Swartz
- Department of Human Ecology, University of California Davis, Davis, CA, USA
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13
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McNamara RK, Li W, Lei D, Tallman MJ, Welge JA, Strawn JR, Patino LR, DelBello MP. Fish oil supplementation alters emotion-generated corticolimbic functional connectivity in depressed adolescents at high-risk for bipolar I disorder: A 12-week placebo-controlled fMRI trial. Bipolar Disord 2022; 24:161-170. [PMID: 34214231 PMCID: PMC8720319 DOI: 10.1111/bdi.13110] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To evaluate the effects of fish oil (FO), a source of the omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (n-3 PUFA), eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) and docosahexaenoic acid (DHA), on emotion-generated corticolimbic functional connectivity in depressed youth at high risk for developing bipolar I disorder. METHODS Thirty-nine antidepressant-free youth with a current depressive disorder diagnosis and a biological parent with bipolar I disorder were randomized to 12-week double-blind treatment with FO or placebo. At baseline and endpoint, fMRI (4 Tesla) scans were obtained while performing a continuous performance task with emotional and neutral distractors (CPT-END). Seed-to-voxel functional connectivity analyses were performed using bilateral orbitofrontal cortex (OFC) and amygdala (AMY) seeds. Measures of depression, mania, global symptom severity, and erythrocyte fatty acids were obtained. RESULTS Erythrocyte EPA+DHA composition increased significantly in the FO group (+47%, p ≤ 0.0001) but not in the placebo group (-10%, p = 0.11). Significant group by time interactions were found for functional connectivity between the left OFC and the left superior temporal gyrus (STG) and between the right AMY and right inferior temporal gyrus (ITG). OFC-STG connectivity increased in the FO group (p = 0.0001) and decreased in the placebo group (p = 0.0019), and AMY-ITG connectivity decreased in the FO group (p = 0.0014) and increased in the placebo group (p < 0.0001). In the FO group, but not placebo group, the decrease in AMY-ITG functional connectivity correlated with decreases in Childhood Depression Rating Scale-Revised and Clinical Global Impression-Severity Scale scores. CONCLUSIONS In depressed high-risk youth FO supplementation alters emotion-generated corticolimbic functional connectivity which correlates with changes in symptom severity ratings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Robert K. McNamara
- Corresponding author: Robert K. McNamara, Ph.D., Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Neuroscience, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, 260 Stetson Street, Cincinnati, OH 45219-0516, PH: 513-558-5601, FAX: 513-558-4805,
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14
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Lai H, Kong X, Zhao Y, Pan N, Zhang X, He M, Wang S, Gong Q. Patterns of a structural covariance network associated with dispositional optimism during late adolescence. Neuroimage 2022; 251:119009. [PMID: 35182752 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroimage.2022.119009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2021] [Revised: 01/28/2022] [Accepted: 02/15/2022] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Dispositional optimism (hereinafter, optimism), as a vital character strength, reflects the tendency to hold generalized positive expectancies for future outcomes. A great number of studies have consistently shown the importance of optimism to a spectrum of physical and mental health outcomes. However, less attention has been given to the intrinsic neurodevelopmental patterns associated with interindividual differences in optimism. Here, we investigated this important question in a large sample comprising 231 healthy adolescents (16-20 years old) via structural magnetic resonance imaging and behavioral tests. We constructed individual structural covariance networks based on cortical gyrification using a recent novel approach combining probability density estimation and Kullback-Leibler divergence and estimated global (global efficiency, local efficiency and small-worldness) and regional (betweenness centrality) properties of these constructed networks using graph theoretical analysis. Partial correlations adjusted for age, sex and estimated total intracranial volume showed that optimism was positively related to global and local efficiency but not small-worldness. Partial least squares correlations indicated that optimism was positively linked to a pronounced betweenness centrality pattern, in which twelve cognition-, emotion-, and motivation-related regions made robust and reliable contributions. These findings remained basically consistent after additionally controlling for family socioeconomic status and showed significant correlations with optimism scores from 2.5 years before, which replicated the main findings. The current work, for the first time, delineated characteristics of the cortical gyrification covariance network associated with optimism, extending previous neurobiological understandings of optimism, which may navigate the development of interventions on a neural network level aimed at raising optimism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Han Lai
- Huaxi MR Research Center (HMRRC), Department of Radiology, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, China; Research Unit of Psychoradiology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Chengdu, China; Functional & Molecular Imaging Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, China; Department of Psychology, Army Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Xiangzhen Kong
- Department of Psychology and Behavioral Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Yajun Zhao
- School of Education and Psychology, Southwest Minzu University, Chengdu, China
| | - Nanfang Pan
- Huaxi MR Research Center (HMRRC), Department of Radiology, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, China; Research Unit of Psychoradiology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Chengdu, China; Functional & Molecular Imaging Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Xun Zhang
- Huaxi MR Research Center (HMRRC), Department of Radiology, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, China; Research Unit of Psychoradiology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Chengdu, China; Functional & Molecular Imaging Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Min He
- Huaxi MR Research Center (HMRRC), Department of Radiology, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, China; Research Unit of Psychoradiology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Chengdu, China; Functional & Molecular Imaging Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Song Wang
- Huaxi MR Research Center (HMRRC), Department of Radiology, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, China; Research Unit of Psychoradiology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Chengdu, China; Functional & Molecular Imaging Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, China.
| | - Qiyong Gong
- Huaxi MR Research Center (HMRRC), Department of Radiology, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, China; Research Unit of Psychoradiology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Chengdu, China; Functional & Molecular Imaging Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, China.
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15
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Milardi D, Antonio Basile G, Faskowitz J, Bertino S, Quartarone A, Anastasi G, Bramanti A, Ciurleo R, Cacciola A. Effects of diffusion signal modeling and segmentation approaches on subthalamic nucleus parcellation. Neuroimage 2022; 250:118959. [PMID: 35122971 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroimage.2022.118959] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2021] [Revised: 11/24/2021] [Accepted: 01/31/2022] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
The subthalamic nucleus (STN) is commonly used as a surgical target for deep brain stimulation in movement disorders such as Parkinson's Disease. Tractography-derived connectivity-based parcellation (CBP) has been recently proposed as a suitable tool for non-invasive in vivo identification and pre-operative targeting of specific functional territories within the human STN. However, a well-established, accurate and reproducible protocol for STN parcellation is still lacking. The present work aims at testing the effects of different tractography-based approaches for the reconstruction of STN functional territories. We reconstructed functional territories of the STN on the high-quality dataset of 100 unrelated healthy subjects and on the test-retest dataset of the Human Connectome Project (HCP) repository. Connectivity-based parcellation was performed with a hypothesis-driven approach according to cortico-subthalamic connectivity, after dividing cortical areas into three groups: associative, limbic and sensorimotor. Four parcellation pipelines were compared, combining different signal modeling techniques (single-fiber vs multi-fiber) and different parcellation approaches (winner takes all parcellation vs fiber density thresholding). We tested these procedures on STN regions of interest obtained from three different, commonly employed, subcortical atlases. We evaluated the pipelines both in terms of between-subject similarity, assessed on the cohort of 100 unrelated healthy subjects, and of within-subject similarity, using a second cohort of 44 subjects with available test-retest data. We found that each parcellation provides converging results in terms of location of the identified parcels, but with significative variations in size and shape. All pipelines obtained very high within-subject similarity, with tensor-based approaches outperforming multi-fiber pipelines. On the other hand, higher between-subject similarity was found with multi-fiber signal modeling techniques combined with fiber density thresholding. We suggest that a fine-tuning of tractography-based parcellation may lead to higher reproducibility and aid the development of an optimized surgical targeting protocol.
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Affiliation(s)
- Demetrio Milardi
- Brain Mapping Lab, Department of Biomedical, Dental Sciences and Morphological and Functional Images, University of Messina, Messina, Italy.
| | - Gianpaolo Antonio Basile
- Brain Mapping Lab, Department of Biomedical, Dental Sciences and Morphological and Functional Images, University of Messina, Messina, Italy
| | - Joshua Faskowitz
- Program in Neuroscience, Indiana University, Bloomington, IN, USA; Department of Psychological and Brain Sciences, Indiana University, 1101 E. 10th Street, Bloomington, IN, 47405, USA
| | - Salvatore Bertino
- Brain Mapping Lab, Department of Biomedical, Dental Sciences and Morphological and Functional Images, University of Messina, Messina, Italy
| | - Angelo Quartarone
- Brain Mapping Lab, Department of Biomedical, Dental Sciences and Morphological and Functional Images, University of Messina, Messina, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Anastasi
- Brain Mapping Lab, Department of Biomedical, Dental Sciences and Morphological and Functional Images, University of Messina, Messina, Italy
| | - Alessia Bramanti
- Department of Medicine, Surgery and Dentistry "Medical School of Salerno"- University of Salerno, Italy
| | | | - Alberto Cacciola
- Brain Mapping Lab, Department of Biomedical, Dental Sciences and Morphological and Functional Images, University of Messina, Messina, Italy.
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16
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Abnormal degree centrality as a potential imaging biomarker for right temporal lobe epilepsy: A resting-state fMRI study and support vector machine analysis. Neuroscience 2022; 487:198-206. [PMID: 35158018 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroscience.2022.02.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2021] [Revised: 01/28/2022] [Accepted: 02/07/2022] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
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17
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Distinct alterations of amygdala subregional functional connectivity in early- and late-onset obsessive-compulsive disorder. J Affect Disord 2022; 298:421-430. [PMID: 34748823 DOI: 10.1016/j.jad.2021.11.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2021] [Revised: 10/28/2021] [Accepted: 11/02/2021] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Age of onset may be an important feature associated with distinct subtypes of obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD). The amygdala joined neurocircuitry models of OCD for its role in mediating fear and regulating anxiety. The present study aims to identify the underlying pathophysiological specifics in OCD with different onset times by assessing amygdala subregional functional connectivity (FC) alterations in early-onset OCD (EO-OCD) and late-onset OCD (LO-OCD). METHODS Resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging data were acquired from 88 medication-free OCD patients (including 30 EO-OCD and 58 LO-OCD) and age- and sex-matched healthy controls (HC) for each patient group. Onset-by-diagnosis interactions were examined and comparisons between each OCD group and the corresponding HC group were performed regarding the FC of amygdala subregions including the basolateral amygdala (BLA), centromedial amygdala (CMA), superficial amygdala (SFA) and amygdalostriatal transition area (Astr). RESULTS Significant onset-by-diagnosis interactions were found in FC between bilateral SFA, right CMA, left Astr and the cerebellum. EO-OCD patients showed abnormally increased BLA/SFA-cerebellum, BLA-precuneus and BLA/SFA-fusiform connectivity in addition to decreased BLA/SFA-orbitofrontal cortex connectivity. In contrast, LO-OCD patients exhibited increased CMA/Astr-precentral/postcentral gyrus and CMA-cuneus connectivity as well as decreased CMA/Astr-cerebellum and BLA-striatum connectivity. LIMITATIONS The exclusion of comorbidity may reduce the generalizability of our results. CONCLUSIONS These findings emphasized the different patterns of amygdala subregional connectivity alterations associated with EO-OCD and LO-OCD patients. These results provide unique insights into constructing evidence-based distinct OCD subtypes based on brain intrinsic connectivity and point to the need of specified management for EO-OCD and LO-OCD in clinical setting.
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18
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Ippersiel P, Teoli A, Wideman TH, Preuss RA, Robbins SM. The Relationship Between Pain-Related Threat and Motor Behavior in Nonspecific Low Back Pain: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. Phys Ther 2022; 102:6478879. [PMID: 34939120 DOI: 10.1093/ptj/pzab274] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2020] [Revised: 06/30/2021] [Accepted: 11/07/2021] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Although pain-related fear and catastrophizing are predictors of disability in low back pain (LBP), their relationship with guarded motor behavior is unclear. The aim of this meta-analysis was to determine the relationship between pain-related threat (via pain-related fear and catastrophizing) and motor behavior during functional tasks in adults with LBP. METHODS This review followed PRISMA guidelines. MEDLINE, Embase, PsychINFO, and CINAHL databases were searched to April 2021. Included studies measured the association between pain-related fear or pain catastrophizing and motor behavior (spinal range of motion, trunk coordination and variability, muscle activity) during movement in adults with nonspecific LBP. Studies were excluded if participants were postsurgery or diagnosed with specific LBP. Two independent reviewers extracted all data. The Newcastle-Ottawa Scale was used to assess for risk of bias. Correlation coefficients were pooled using the random-effects model. RESULTS Reduced spinal range of motion during flexion tasks was weakly related to pain-related fear (15 studies, r = -0.21, 95% CI = -0.31 to -0.11) and pain catastrophizing (7 studies, r = -0.24, 95% CI = -0.38 to -0.087). Pain-related fear was unrelated to spinal extension (3 studies, r = -0.16, 95% CI = -0.33 to 0.026). Greater trunk extensor muscle activity during bending was moderately related to pain-related fear (2 studies, r = -0.40, 95% CI = -0.55 to -0.23). Pain catastrophizing, but not fear, was related to higher trunk activity during gait (2 studies, r = 0.25, 95% CI = 0.063 to 0.42). Methodological differences and missing data limited robust syntheses of studies examining muscle activity, so these findings should be interpreted carefully. CONCLUSION This study found a weak to moderate relationship between pain-related threat and guarded motor behavior during flexion-based tasks, but not consistently during other movements. IMPACT These findings provide a jumping-off point for future clinical research to explore the advantages of integrated treatment strategies that target both psychological and motor behavior processes compared with traditional approaches.
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Affiliation(s)
- Patrick Ippersiel
- School of Physical and Occupational Therapy, McGill University, Montreal, Canada.,Centre for Interdisciplinary Research in Rehabilitation of Greater Montreal, Lethbridge-Layton-Mackay Rehabilitation Centre, Montreal, Québec, Canada
| | - Anthony Teoli
- School of Physical and Occupational Therapy, McGill University, Montreal, Canada.,Centre for Interdisciplinary Research in Rehabilitation of Greater Montreal, Lethbridge-Layton-Mackay Rehabilitation Centre, Montreal, Québec, Canada
| | - Timothy H Wideman
- School of Physical and Occupational Therapy, McGill University, Montreal, Canada.,Centre for Interdisciplinary Research in Rehabilitation of Greater Montreal, Lethbridge-Layton-Mackay Rehabilitation Centre, Montreal, Québec, Canada
| | - Richard A Preuss
- School of Physical and Occupational Therapy, McGill University, Montreal, Canada.,Centre for Interdisciplinary Research in Rehabilitation of Greater Montreal, Lethbridge-Layton-Mackay Rehabilitation Centre, Montreal, Québec, Canada
| | - Shawn M Robbins
- School of Physical and Occupational Therapy, McGill University, Montreal, Canada.,Centre for Interdisciplinary Research in Rehabilitation of Greater Montreal, Lethbridge-Layton-Mackay Rehabilitation Centre, Montreal, Québec, Canada
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19
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Differential beta desynchronisation responses to dynamic emotional facial expressions are attenuated in higher trait anxiety and autism. COGNITIVE, AFFECTIVE & BEHAVIORAL NEUROSCIENCE 2022; 22:1404-1420. [PMID: 35761029 PMCID: PMC9622532 DOI: 10.3758/s13415-022-01015-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 05/18/2022] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
Abstract
Daily life demands that we differentiate between a multitude of emotional facial expressions (EFEs). The mirror neuron system (MNS) is becoming increasingly implicated as a neural network involved with understanding emotional body expressions. However, the specificity of the MNS's involvement in emotion recognition has remained largely unexplored. This study investigated whether six basic dynamic EFEs (anger, disgust, fear, happiness, sadness, and surprise) would be differentiated through event-related desynchronisation (ERD) of sensorimotor alpha and beta oscillatory activity, which indexes sensorimotor MNS activity. We found that beta ERD differentiated happy, fearful, and sad dynamic EFEs at the central region of interest, but not at occipital regions. Happy EFEs elicited significantly greater central beta ERD relative to fearful and sad EFEs within 800 - 2,000 ms after EFE onset. These differences were source-localised to the primary somatosensory cortex, which suggests they are likely to reflect differential sensorimotor simulation rather than differential attentional engagement. Furthermore, individuals with higher trait anxiety showed less beta ERD differentiation between happy and sad faces. Similarly, individuals with higher trait autism showed less beta ERD differentiation between happy and fearful faces. These findings suggest that the differential simulation of specific affective states is attenuated in individuals with higher trait anxiety and autism. In summary, the MNS appears to support the skills needed for emotion processing in daily life, which may be influenced by certain individual differences. This provides novel evidence for the notion that simulation-based emotional skills may underlie the emotional difficulties that accompany affective disorders, such as anxiety.
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20
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Wu H, Zhou C, Bai X, Liu X, Chen J, Wen J, Guo T, Wu J, Guan X, Gao T, Gu L, Huang P, Xu X, Zhang B, Zhang M. Identifying a whole-brain connectome-based model in drug-naïve Parkinson's disease for predicting motor impairment. Hum Brain Mapp 2021; 43:1984-1996. [PMID: 34970835 PMCID: PMC8933250 DOI: 10.1002/hbm.25768] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/13/2021] [Revised: 12/12/2021] [Accepted: 12/20/2021] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Identifying a whole‐brain connectome‐based predictive model in drug‐naïve patients with Parkinson's disease and verifying its predictions on drug‐managed patients would be useful in determining the intrinsic functional underpinnings of motor impairment and establishing general brain–behavior associations. In this study, we constructed a predictive model from the resting‐state functional data of 47 drug‐naïve patients by using a connectome‐based approach. This model was subsequently validated in 115 drug‐managed patients. The severity of motor impairment was assessed by calculating Unified Parkinson's Disease Rating Scale Part III scores. The predictive performance of model was evaluated using the correlation coefficient (rtrue) between predicted and observed scores. As a result, a connectome‐based model for predicting individual motor impairment in drug‐naïve patients was identified with significant performance (rtrue = .845, p < .001, ppermu = .002). Two patterns of connection were identified according to correlations between connection strength and the severity of motor impairment. The negative motor‐impairment‐related network contained more within‐network connections in the motor, visual‐related, and default mode networks, whereas the positive motor‐impairment‐related network was constructed mostly with between‐network connections coupling the motor‐visual, motor‐limbic, and motor‐basal ganglia networks. Finally, this predictive model constructed around drug‐naïve patients was confirmed with significant predictive efficacy on drug‐managed patients (r = .209, p = .025), suggesting a generalizability in Parkinson's disease patients under long‐term drug influence. In conclusion, this study identified a whole‐brain connectome‐based model that could predict the severity of motor impairment in Parkinson's patients and furthers our understanding of the functional underpinnings of the disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haoting Wu
- Department of Radiology, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Cheng Zhou
- Department of Radiology, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Xueqin Bai
- Department of Radiology, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Xiaocao Liu
- Department of Radiology, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Jingwen Chen
- Department of Radiology, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Jiaqi Wen
- Department of Radiology, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Tao Guo
- Department of Radiology, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Jingjing Wu
- Department of Radiology, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Xiaojun Guan
- Department of Radiology, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Ting Gao
- Department of Neurology, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Luyan Gu
- Department of Neurology, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Peiyu Huang
- Department of Radiology, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Xiaojun Xu
- Department of Radiology, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Baorong Zhang
- Department of Neurology, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Minming Zhang
- Department of Radiology, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
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21
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Hou Y, Wei Q, Ou R, Zhang L, Yuan X, Gong Q, Shang H. Different resting-state network disruptions in newly diagnosed drug-naïve Parkinson's disease patients with mild cognitive impairment. BMC Neurol 2021; 21:327. [PMID: 34433445 PMCID: PMC8386092 DOI: 10.1186/s12883-021-02360-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2021] [Accepted: 08/13/2021] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Cognitive impairment is a common non-motor symptom in patients with Parkinson's disease (PD). Mild cognitive impairment (MCI) is also prevalent in nondemented PD patients, even in newly diagnosed PD patients. The possible impacts of MCI on brain function activities for PD patients need more investigation, and the potential of emerging technologies for detecting underlying pathophysiology of cognitive signs in PD can be further improved. METHOD Forty-seven newly diagnosed drug-naïve PD patients (28 PD-MCI patients and 19 PD patients with cognitively unimpaired (PD-CU)) and 28 healthy controls (HCs) underwent resting-state functional MRI. The connectivity patterns of specific networks were investigated through the independent component analysis among PD-MCI, PD-CU and HCs groups. RESULTS The independent component analysis revealed significantly decreased functional connectivity (FC) of the default mode network, visual network and sensorimotor network in the PD-MCI subgroup compared with the HC group. Furthermore, FC of the default mode network was positively correlated with memory scores from the brief visuospatial memory test-revised, and FC of the visual network was positively correlated with visuospatial scores from the clock copying test in the PD-MCI group. In all patients with PD, FC of the sensorimotor network negatively correlated with motor severity scores from the Unified PD Rating Scale (UPDRS) part III. On the other hand, the potential damage was more likely to occur in FC between the sensorimotor network and limbic network, and between the ventral attention network and visual network in all PD patients. CONCLUSIONS Newly diagnosed drug-naïve PD-MCI patients showed characteristic damage of FC within the default mode network, visual network and sensorimotor network, and all PD patients presented impaired FC between the sensorimotor network and limbic network, and FC between the ventral attention network and visual network. These network-wide functional aberrations may underline the pathophysiology of PD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanbing Hou
- Department of neurology, Laboratory of Neurodegenerative Disorders, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Qianqian Wei
- Department of neurology, Laboratory of Neurodegenerative Disorders, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Ruwei Ou
- Department of neurology, Laboratory of Neurodegenerative Disorders, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Lingyu Zhang
- Department of neurology, Laboratory of Neurodegenerative Disorders, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Xiaoqin Yuan
- Department of neurology, Laboratory of Neurodegenerative Disorders, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
- Department of Neurology, Mianyang Central Hospital, School of Medicine, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, 610041, Sichuan, China
| | - Qiyong Gong
- Huaxi MR Research Center (HMRRC), Department of Radiology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China.
| | - Huifang Shang
- Department of neurology, Laboratory of Neurodegenerative Disorders, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China.
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22
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Takeda A, Yamada E, Uehara T, Ogata K, Okamoto T, Tobimatsu S. Data-point-wise spatiotemporal mapping of human ventral visual areas: Use of spatial frequency/luminance-modulated chromatic faces. Neuroimage 2021; 239:118325. [PMID: 34216773 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroimage.2021.118325] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2020] [Revised: 06/04/2021] [Accepted: 06/29/2021] [Indexed: 10/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Visual information involving facial identity and expression is crucial for social communication. Although the influence of facial features such as spatial frequency (SF) and luminance on face processing in visual areas has been studied extensively using grayscale stimuli, the combined effects of other features in this process have not been characterized. To determine the combined effects of different SFs and color, we created chromatic stimuli with low, high or no SF components, which bring distinct SF and color information into the ventral stream simultaneously. To obtain neural activity data with high spatiotemporal resolution we recorded face-selective responses (M170) using magnetoencephalography. We used a permutation test procedure with threshold-free cluster enhancement to assess statistical significance while resolving problems related to multiple comparisons and arbitrariness found in traditional statistical methods. We found that time windows with statistically significant threshold levels were distributed differently among the stimulus conditions. Face stimuli containing any SF components evoked M170 in the fusiform gyrus (FG), whereas a significant emotional effect on M170 was only observed with the original images. Low SF faces elicited larger activation of the FG and the inferior occipital gyrus than the original images, suggesting an interaction between low and high SF information processing. Interestingly, chromatic face stimuli without SF first activated color-selective regions and then the FG, indicating that facial color was processed according to a hierarchy in the ventral stream. These findings suggest complex effects of SFs in the presence of color information, reflected in M170, and unveil the detailed spatiotemporal dynamics of face processing in the human brain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Akinori Takeda
- Department of Clinical Neurophysiology, Neurological Institute, Faculty of Medicine, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, 3-1-1 Maidashi, Higashi-ku, Fukuoka 812-8582, Japan; Research Center for Brain Communication, Research Institute, Kochi University of Technology, 185 Miyanokuchi, Tosayamada, Kami City, Kochi 782-8502, Japan.
| | - Emi Yamada
- Department of Clinical Neurophysiology, Neurological Institute, Faculty of Medicine, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, 3-1-1 Maidashi, Higashi-ku, Fukuoka 812-8582, Japan; Department of Linguistics, Faculty of Humanities, Kyushu University, 744 Motooka, Nishi-ku, Fukuoka 819-0395, Japan
| | - Taira Uehara
- Department of Clinical Neurophysiology, Neurological Institute, Faculty of Medicine, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, 3-1-1 Maidashi, Higashi-ku, Fukuoka 812-8582, Japan; Department of Neurology, IUHW Narita Hospital, 852 Hatakeda, Narita, Chiba 286-8520, Japan
| | - Katsuya Ogata
- Department of Clinical Neurophysiology, Neurological Institute, Faculty of Medicine, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, 3-1-1 Maidashi, Higashi-ku, Fukuoka 812-8582, Japan; Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Pharmacy at Fukuoka, International University of Health and Welfare, 137-1 Enokidu, Okawa, Fukuoka 831-8501, Japan
| | - Tsuyoshi Okamoto
- Faculty of Arts and Science, Kyushu University, 744 Motooka, Nishi-ku, Fukuoka 819-0395, Japan; Graduate School of Systems Life Sciences, Kyushu University, 744 Motooka, Nishi-ku, Fukuoka 819-0395, Japan
| | - Shozo Tobimatsu
- Department of Clinical Neurophysiology, Neurological Institute, Faculty of Medicine, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, 3-1-1 Maidashi, Higashi-ku, Fukuoka 812-8582, Japan; Department of Orthoptics, Faculty of Medicine, Fukuoka International University of Health and Welfare, 3-6-40 Momochihama, Sawara-ku, Fukuoka 814-0001, Japan
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23
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Tanner JJ, Johnson AJ, Terry EL, Cardoso J, Garvan C, Staud R, Deutsch G, Deshpande H, Lai S, Addison A, Redden D, Goodin BR, Price CC, Fillingim RB, Sibille KT. Resilience, pain, and the brain: Relationships differ by sociodemographics. J Neurosci Res 2021; 99:1207-1235. [PMID: 33606287 DOI: 10.1002/jnr.24790] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2020] [Revised: 11/23/2020] [Accepted: 01/03/2021] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Chronic musculoskeletal (MSK) pain is disabling to individuals and burdensome to society. A relationship between telomere length and resilience was reported in individuals with consideration for chronic pain intensity. While chronic pain associates with brain changes, little is known regarding the neurobiological interface of resilience. In a group of individuals with chronic MSK pain, we examined the relationships between a previously investigated resilience index, clinical pain and functioning measures, and pain-related brain structures, with consideration for sex and ethnicity/race. A cross-sectional analysis of 166 non-Hispanic Black and non-Hispanic White adults, 45-85 years of age with pain ≥ 1 body site (s) over the past 3 months was completed. Measures of clinical pain and functioning, biobehavioral and psychosocial resilience, and structural MRI were completed. Our findings indicate higher levels of resilience associate with lower levels of clinical pain and functional limitations. Significant associations between resilience, ethnicity/race, and/or sex, and pain-related brain gray matter structure were demonstrated in the right amygdaloid complex, bilateral thalamus, and postcentral gyrus. Our findings provide compelling evidence that in order to decipher the neurobiological code of chronic pain and related protective factors, it will be important to improve how chronic pain is phenotyped; to include an equal representation of females in studies including analyses stratifying by sex, and to consider other sociodemographic factors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jared J Tanner
- Department of Clinical and Health Psychology, College of Public Health and Health Professions, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA
| | - Alisa J Johnson
- Pain Research & Intervention Center of Excellence, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA.,Department of Community Dentistry and Behavioral Science, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA
| | - Ellen L Terry
- Pain Research & Intervention Center of Excellence, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA.,Department of Biobehavioral Nursing Science, College of Nursing, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA
| | - Josue Cardoso
- Pain Research & Intervention Center of Excellence, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA
| | - Cynthia Garvan
- Department of Anesthesiology, College of Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA
| | - Roland Staud
- Department of Medicine, College of Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA
| | - Georg Deutsch
- Department of Radiology, University of Alabama, Birmingham Medical Center, Birmingham, AL, USA
| | - Hrishikesh Deshpande
- Department of Radiology, University of Alabama, Birmingham Medical Center, Birmingham, AL, USA.,Department of Anesthesiology, University of Alabama, Birmingham Medical Center, Birmingham, AL, USA
| | - Song Lai
- Department of Radiation Oncology & CTSI Human Imaging Core, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA
| | - Adriana Addison
- Department of Anesthesiology, University of Alabama, Birmingham Medical Center, Birmingham, AL, USA.,Department of Psychology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, USA
| | - David Redden
- Department of Biostatistics, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, USA
| | - Burel R Goodin
- Department of Anesthesiology, University of Alabama, Birmingham Medical Center, Birmingham, AL, USA.,Department of Psychology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, USA
| | - Catherine C Price
- Department of Clinical and Health Psychology, College of Public Health and Health Professions, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA.,Department of Anesthesiology, College of Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA
| | - Roger B Fillingim
- Pain Research & Intervention Center of Excellence, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA.,Department of Community Dentistry and Behavioral Science, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA
| | - Kimberly T Sibille
- Pain Research & Intervention Center of Excellence, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA.,Department of Anesthesiology, College of Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA.,Department of Aging and Geriatric Research, College of Medicine, UF Pain Research & Intervention Center of Excellence, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA
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24
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Milardi D. Editorial for “Aberrant Hyperconnectivity of Amygdala‐Accumbens‐Pallidum Pathway Is Associated With Disorganized Nigrostriatal Pathway in Parkinson's Disease”. J Magn Reson Imaging 2020; 52:1809-1810. [DOI: 10.1002/jmri.27282] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2020] [Revised: 06/19/2020] [Accepted: 06/19/2020] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Demetrio Milardi
- Brain Mapping Lab, Department of Biomedical, Dental Sciences and Morphological and Functional Images University of Messina Messina Italy
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25
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Red nucleus structure and function: from anatomy to clinical neurosciences. Brain Struct Funct 2020; 226:69-91. [PMID: 33180142 PMCID: PMC7817566 DOI: 10.1007/s00429-020-02171-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2020] [Accepted: 10/24/2020] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
The red nucleus (RN) is a large subcortical structure located in the ventral midbrain. Although it originated as a primitive relay between the cerebellum and the spinal cord, during its phylogenesis the RN shows a progressive segregation between a magnocellular part, involved in the rubrospinal system, and a parvocellular part, involved in the olivocerebellar system. Despite exhibiting distinct evolutionary trajectories, these two regions are strictly tied together and play a prominent role in motor and non-motor behavior in different animal species. However, little is known about their function in the human brain. This lack of knowledge may have been conditioned both by the notable differences between human and non-human RN and by inherent difficulties in studying this structure directly in the human brain, leading to a general decrease of interest in the last decades. In the present review, we identify the crucial issues in the current knowledge and summarize the results of several decades of research about the RN, ranging from animal models to human diseases. Connecting the dots between morphology, experimental physiology and neuroimaging, we try to draw a comprehensive overview on RN functional anatomy and bridge the gap between basic and translational research.
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26
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Ferrari C, Fiori F, Suchan B, Plow EB, Cattaneo Z. TMS over the posterior cerebellum modulates motor cortical excitability in response to facial emotional expressions. Eur J Neurosci 2020; 53:1029-1039. [PMID: 32860302 DOI: 10.1111/ejn.14953] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2020] [Revised: 08/10/2020] [Accepted: 08/19/2020] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
Evidence suggests that the posterior cerebellum is involved in emotional processing. Specific mechanisms by which the cerebellum contributes to the perception of and reaction to the emotional state of others are not well-known. It is likely that perceived emotions trigger anticipatory/preparatory motor changes. However, the extent to which the cerebellum modulates the activity of the motor cortex to contribute to emotional processing has not been directly investigated. In this study, we assessed whether the activity of the posterior cerebellum influences the modulation of motor cortical excitability in response to emotional stimuli. To this end, we transiently disrupted the neural activity of the left posterior cerebellum using 1 Hz repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS) and examined its effect on motor cortical excitability witnessed during emotional face processing (in comparison to the effects of sham rTMS). Motor excitability was measured as TMS-based motor evoked potentials (MEPs) recorded from bilateral first dorsal interosseous (FDI) muscles during the viewing of negative emotional (i.e. fearful) and neutral facial expressions. In line with previous evidence, we found that MEP amplitude was increased during the viewing of fearful compared to neutral faces. Critically, when left posterior cerebellar activity was transiently inhibited with 1 Hz rTMS, we observed a reduction in amplitude of MEPs recorded from the contralateral (right) motor cortex during the viewing of emotional (but not neutral) faces. In turn, inhibition of the left posterior cerebellum did not affect the amplitude of MEPs recorded from the ipsilateral motor cortex. Our findings suggest that the posterolateral (left) cerebellum modulates motor cortical response to negative emotional stimuli and may serve as an interface between limbic, cognitive, and motor systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chiara Ferrari
- Department of Brain and Behavioral Sciences, University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy
| | - Francesca Fiori
- Department of Psychology, University of Milano-Bicocca, Milan, Italy
| | - Boris Suchan
- Institute of Cognitive Neuroscience, Clinical Neuropsychology, Neuropsychological Therapy Centre, Ruhr University, Bochum, Germany
| | - Ela B Plow
- Department of Biomedical Engineering and Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH, USA
| | - Zaira Cattaneo
- Department of Psychology, University of Milano-Bicocca, Milan, Italy.,IRCCS Mondino Foundation, Pavia, Italy
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27
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Guo T, Wu J, Zhou C, Guan X, Gao T, Bai X, Song Z, Xuan M, Gu Q, Huang P, Zhang B, Pu J, Xu X, Xu D, Zhang M. Aberrant Fiber Coherence of Amygdala-Accumbens-Pallidum Pathway Is Associated With Disorganized Nigrostriatal-Nigropallidal Pathway in Parkinson's Disease. J Magn Reson Imaging 2020; 52:1799-1808. [PMID: 32662234 DOI: 10.1002/jmri.27273] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2020] [Revised: 06/15/2020] [Accepted: 06/16/2020] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Motor disturbances in Parkinson's disease (PD) mainly result from the degeneration of classic motor pathways. Given that the specific limbic pathway participates in movements, it is reasonable to consider that limbic pathway have the pathologic potential of motor disturbance in PD. PURPOSE To explore the white matter changes of limbic and motor pathways and their relations in PD patients. STUDY TYPE Prospective. POPULATION 39 PD patients and 55 normal controls. SEQUENCE Sagittal 3D T1 -weighted fast spoiled gradient recalled sequence, diffusion-weighted spin echo-echo planar imaging sequence on a 3T scanner. ASSESSMENT Probabilistic tractography was used to reconstruct the motor pathways (nigrostriatal-nigropallidal and basal ganglia-motor cortex pathways) and limbic pathway (amygdala-accumbens-pallidum pathway). White matter alterations of these pathways were evaluated by fractional anisotropy (FA), mean diffusivity (MD), axial diffusivity (AD), radial diffusivity (RD), neurite density (NDI), and orientation dispersion (ODI). Clinical assessment was conducted by a neurologist. STATISTICAL TESTS Group comparisons were performed using unpaired t-tests. Pearson or Spearman correlation was used to explore the relationships between variables. RESULTS Compared with normal controls, PD patients showed decreased ODI as well as increased MD and AD in the bilateral nigrostriatal-nigropallidal pathway (P < 0.05), decreased FA in left basal ganglia-motor cortex pathway (P < 0.05), and decreased ODI in left limbic pathway (P < 0.05). MD and AD in the left nigrostriatal-nigropallidal pathway was negatively correlated with FA in left basal ganglia-motor cortex pathway (r = -0.597, P < 0.05 and r = -0.433, P < 0.05, respectively). MD in the left nigrostriatal-nigropallidal pathway was significantly correlated with ODI in the left limbic pathway (r = -0.404, P < 0.05). ODI was associated with AD within each hemisphere of the nigrostriatal-nigropallidal pathway (r = -0.591, P < 0.05 for left; r = -0.589, P < 0.05 for right). DATA CONCLUSION The relationship between the degenerated motor pathways and aberrant limbic pathway suggest the existence of neuronal modulation between motor and limbic pathways, providing novel evidence of the neuromechanism for motor disruption in PD patients. LEVEL OF EVIDENCE 2 TECHNICAL EFFICACY STAGE: 1 J. MAGN. RESON. IMAGING 2020;52:1799-1808.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tao Guo
- Department of Radiology, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China.,Department of Radiology and Biomedical Imaging, University of California, San Francisco, California, USA
| | - Jingjing Wu
- Department of Radiology, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Cheng Zhou
- Department of Radiology, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Xiaojun Guan
- Department of Radiology, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Ting Gao
- Department of Neurology, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Xueqin Bai
- Department of Radiology, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Zhe Song
- Department of Neurology, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Min Xuan
- Department of Radiology, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Quanquan Gu
- Department of Radiology, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Peiyu Huang
- Department of Radiology, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Baorong Zhang
- Department of Neurology, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Jiali Pu
- Department of Neurology, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Xiaojun Xu
- Department of Radiology, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Duan Xu
- Department of Radiology and Biomedical Imaging, University of California, San Francisco, California, USA
| | - Minming Zhang
- Department of Radiology, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
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28
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Quartarone A, Cacciola A, Milardi D, Ghilardi MF, Calamuneri A, Chillemi G, Anastasi G, Rothwell J. New insights into cortico-basal-cerebellar connectome: clinical and physiological considerations. Brain 2020; 143:396-406. [PMID: 31628799 DOI: 10.1093/brain/awz310] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2019] [Revised: 08/06/2019] [Accepted: 08/12/2019] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
The current model of the basal ganglia system based on the 'direct', 'indirect' and 'hyperdirect' pathways provides striking predictions about basal ganglia function that have been used to develop deep brain stimulation approaches for Parkinson's disease and dystonia. The aim of this review is to challenge this scheme in light of new tract tracing information that has recently become available from the human brain using MRI-based tractography, thus providing a novel perspective on the basal ganglia system. We also explore the implications of additional direct pathways running from cortex to basal ganglia and between basal ganglia and cerebellum in the pathophysiology of movement disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Angelo Quartarone
- Department of Biomedical, Dental Sciences and Morphological and Functional Images, University of Messina, Messina, Italy
| | - Alberto Cacciola
- Department of Biomedical, Dental Sciences and Morphological and Functional Images, University of Messina, Messina, Italy
| | - Demetrio Milardi
- Department of Biomedical, Dental Sciences and Morphological and Functional Images, University of Messina, Messina, Italy.,IRCCS Centro Neurolesi 'Bonino Pulejo', Messina, Italy
| | | | | | | | - Giuseppe Anastasi
- Department of Biomedical, Dental Sciences and Morphological and Functional Images, University of Messina, Messina, Italy
| | - John Rothwell
- Sobell Department of Motor Neuroscience and Movement Disorders, Institute of Neurology, University College London, London, UK
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29
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Fear of movement is associated with corticomotor depression in response to acute experimental muscle pain. Exp Brain Res 2020; 238:1945-1955. [DOI: 10.1007/s00221-020-05854-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2020] [Accepted: 06/11/2020] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
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30
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Heather Hsu CC, Rolls ET, Huang CC, Chong ST, Zac Lo CY, Feng J, Lin CP. Connections of the Human Orbitofrontal Cortex and Inferior Frontal Gyrus. Cereb Cortex 2020; 30:5830-5843. [PMID: 32548630 DOI: 10.1093/cercor/bhaa160] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2020] [Revised: 04/27/2020] [Accepted: 05/20/2020] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
The direct connections of the orbitofrontal cortex (OFC) were traced with diffusion tractography imaging and statistical analysis in 50 humans, to help understand better its roles in emotion and its disorders. The medial OFC and ventromedial prefrontal cortex have direct connections with the pregenual and subgenual parts of the anterior cingulate cortex; all of which are reward-related areas. The lateral OFC (OFClat) and its closely connected right inferior frontal gyrus (rIFG) have direct connections with the supracallosal anterior cingulate cortex; all of which are punishment or nonreward-related areas. The OFClat and rIFG also have direct connections with the right supramarginal gyrus and inferior parietal cortex, and with some premotor cortical areas, which may provide outputs for the OFClat and rIFG. Another key finding is that the ventromedial prefrontal cortex shares with the medial OFC especially strong outputs to the nucleus accumbens and olfactory tubercle, which comprise the ventral striatum, whereas the other regions have more widespread outputs to the striatum. Direct connections of the OFC and IFG were with especially the temporal pole part of the temporal lobe. The left IFG, which includes Broca's area, has direct connections with the left angular and supramarginal gyri.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chih-Chin Heather Hsu
- Department of Biomedical Imaging and Radiological Sciences, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei 11221, Taiwan
| | - Edmund T Rolls
- Institute of Science and Technology for Brain Inspired Intelligence, Fudan University, Shanghai 200433, China.,Department of Computer Science, University of Warwick, Coventry CV4 7AL, UK.,Oxford Centre for Computational Neuroscience, Oxford, UK
| | - Chu-Chung Huang
- Institute of Science and Technology for Brain Inspired Intelligence, Fudan University, Shanghai 200433, China
| | - Shin Tai Chong
- Institute of Neuroscience, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei 11221, Taiwan
| | - Chun-Yi Zac Lo
- Institute of Science and Technology for Brain Inspired Intelligence, Fudan University, Shanghai 200433, China
| | - Jianfeng Feng
- Department of Computer Science, University of Warwick, Coventry CV4 7AL, UK.,Oxford Centre for Computational Neuroscience, Oxford, UK.,Key Laboratory of Computational Neuroscience and Brain-Inspired Intelligence (Fudan University), Ministry of Education, 200433, China
| | - Ching-Po Lin
- Department of Biomedical Imaging and Radiological Sciences, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei 11221, Taiwan.,Institute of Science and Technology for Brain Inspired Intelligence, Fudan University, Shanghai 200433, China.,Institute of Neuroscience, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei 11221, Taiwan.,Brain Research Center, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei 11221, Taiwan
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31
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Olsavsky AK, Stoddard J, Erhart A, Tribble R, Kim P. Neural processing of infant and adult face emotion and maternal exposure to childhood maltreatment. Soc Cogn Affect Neurosci 2020; 14:997-1008. [PMID: 31680141 PMCID: PMC7058929 DOI: 10.1093/scan/nsz069] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2019] [Revised: 08/07/2019] [Accepted: 08/19/2019] [Indexed: 01/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Face processing in mothers is linked to mother–infant social communication, which is critical for parenting and in turn for child development. Neuroimaging studies of child maltreatment-exposed (CME) mothers are sparse compared to studies of mothers with postpartum depression, which have suggested blunted amygdala reactivity to infant stimuli. We expected to see a similar pattern in CME mothers. Based on broader studies in trauma-exposed populations, we anticipated increased amygdala reactivity to negative adult face stimuli in a comparison task in CME mothers given heightened evaluation of potential threat. We examined Neuroimaging studies of mothers with childhood maltreatment exposure (CME) (18–37 years old), who performed infant (N = 45) and/or adult (N = 46) face processing tasks. CME mothers exhibited blunted bilateral amygdala reactivity to infant faces. There was no between-group difference in amygdala reactivity to adult faces. In infant and adult face processing tasks regardless of CME, superior temporal gyrus activation was increased for negative-valence stimuli. Our preliminary findings suggest that childhood maltreatment alters maternal processing of infant social cues, a critical skill impacting infant socioemotional development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aviva K Olsavsky
- Department of Psychiatry, School of Medicine, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus.,Pediatric Mental Health Institute, Children's Hospital Colorado
| | - Joel Stoddard
- Department of Psychiatry, School of Medicine, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus.,Pediatric Mental Health Institute, Children's Hospital Colorado
| | | | | | - Pilyoung Kim
- Department of Psychiatry, School of Medicine, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus.,Department of Psychology, University of Denver
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Cacciola A, Parisi S, Tamburella C, Lillo S, Ferini G, Molino L, Iatì G, Pontoriero A, Bottari A, Mazziotti S, Cicero G, Minutoli F, Blandino A, Pergolizzi S. Stereotactic body radiation therapy and radiofrequency ablation for the treatment of liver metastases: How and when? Rep Pract Oncol Radiother 2020; 25:299-306. [PMID: 32194349 DOI: 10.1016/j.rpor.2020.02.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2019] [Accepted: 02/19/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Limited liver metastases represent a clinical challenge. Surgical approach is the most frequently reported treatment option, however, some patients are not eligible for surgical interventions. Relatively recent technologic advances have permitted the safe use of ablative techniques employed in the cure of hepatic metastases. Among these, radiofrequency ablation (RFA) and stereotactic body radiotherapy (SBRT) have emerged as valid treatments in a significant proportion of patients with intrahepatic oligometastatic disease. This review offers an up-to-date of current available literature on this issue focusing on the use and outcomes of RFA and SBRT, according to the PICO (Population, Intervention, Comparison and Outcomes) criteria.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alberto Cacciola
- Radiation Oncology Unit - Department of Biomedical, Dental Science and Morphological and Functional Images, University of Messina, Messina, Italy
| | - Silvana Parisi
- Radiation Oncology Unit - Department of Biomedical, Dental Science and Morphological and Functional Images, University of Messina, Messina, Italy
| | - Consuelo Tamburella
- Radiation Oncology Unit - Department of Biomedical, Dental Science and Morphological and Functional Images, University of Messina, Messina, Italy
| | - Sara Lillo
- Radiation Oncology Unit - Department of Biomedical, Dental Science and Morphological and Functional Images, University of Messina, Messina, Italy
| | - Gianluca Ferini
- Radiation Oncology Unit - Department of Biomedical, Dental Science and Morphological and Functional Images, University of Messina, Messina, Italy
| | - Laura Molino
- Radiation Oncology Unit - Department of Biomedical, Dental Science and Morphological and Functional Images, University of Messina, Messina, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Iatì
- Radiation Oncology Unit - Department of Biomedical, Dental Science and Morphological and Functional Images, University of Messina, Messina, Italy
| | - Antonio Pontoriero
- Radiation Oncology Unit - Department of Biomedical, Dental Science and Morphological and Functional Images, University of Messina, Messina, Italy
| | - Antonio Bottari
- Radiology Unit - Department of Biomedical, Dental Science and Morphological and Functional Images, University of Messina, Messina, Italy
| | - Silvio Mazziotti
- Radiology Unit - Department of Biomedical, Dental Science and Morphological and Functional Images, University of Messina, Messina, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Cicero
- Radiology Unit - Department of Biomedical, Dental Science and Morphological and Functional Images, University of Messina, Messina, Italy
| | - Fabio Minutoli
- Nuclear Medicine Unit - Department of Biomedical, Dental Science and Morphological and Functional Images, University of Messina, Messina, Italy
| | - Alfredo Blandino
- Radiology Unit - Department of Biomedical, Dental Science and Morphological and Functional Images, University of Messina, Messina, Italy
| | - Stefano Pergolizzi
- Radiation Oncology Unit - Department of Biomedical, Dental Science and Morphological and Functional Images, University of Messina, Messina, Italy
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Zhang M, Yang F, Fan F, Wang Z, Hong X, Tan Y, Tan S, Hong LE. Abnormal amygdala subregional-sensorimotor connectivity correlates with positive symptom in schizophrenia. NEUROIMAGE-CLINICAL 2020; 26:102218. [PMID: 32126520 PMCID: PMC7052514 DOI: 10.1016/j.nicl.2020.102218] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2019] [Revised: 02/14/2020] [Accepted: 02/17/2020] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Functional connectivity between amygdala subregions and the brain was studied with resting-state (RS) functional MRI. RS functional connectivity was compared between patients with first episode schizophrenia (FES) and healthy controls. FES patients showed changes in functional connectivity between amygdala subregions and sensorimotor cortex. Altered basolateral amygdala-precentral gyrus connectivity correlated with positive symptoms in FES patients.
Altered resting-state functional connectivity (rsFC) of the amygdala has been demonstrated to be implicated in schizophrenia neuronal pathophysiology. However, whether rsFC of amygdala subregions is differentially affected in schizophrenia remains unclear. This study compared the functional networks of each amygdala subdivision between healthy controls (HC) and patients with first-episode schizophrenia (FES). In total, 47 HC and 78 patients with FES underwent resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging. The amygdala was divided into the following three subregions using the Juelich histological atlas: basolateral amygdala (BLA), centromedial amygdala (CMA), and superficial amygdala (SFA). The rsFC of the three amygdala subdivisions was computed and compared between the two groups. Significantly increased rsFC of the right CMA with the right postcentral gyrus and decreased rsFC of the right BLA with the left precentral gyrus were observed in the FES group compared with the HC group. Notably, the right BLA-left precentral gyrus connectivity was negatively correlated with positive symptoms and conceptual disorganization in patients with FES. In conclusion, this study found that patients with FES had abnormal functional connectivity in the amygdala subregions, and the altered rsFC was associated with positive symptoms. The present findings demonstrate the disruptive rsFC patterns of amygdala subregional-sensorimotor networks in FES and may provide new insights into the neuronal pathophysiology of FES.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meng Zhang
- Peking University HuiLonGuan Clinical Medical School, Beijing HuiLongGuan Hospital, Beijing 100096, China
| | - Fude Yang
- Peking University HuiLonGuan Clinical Medical School, Beijing HuiLongGuan Hospital, Beijing 100096, China.
| | - Fengmei Fan
- Peking University HuiLonGuan Clinical Medical School, Beijing HuiLongGuan Hospital, Beijing 100096, China
| | - Zhiren Wang
- Peking University HuiLonGuan Clinical Medical School, Beijing HuiLongGuan Hospital, Beijing 100096, China
| | - Xiang Hong
- Chongqing Three Gorges Central Hospital, Chongqing 404000, China
| | - Yunlong Tan
- Peking University HuiLonGuan Clinical Medical School, Beijing HuiLongGuan Hospital, Beijing 100096, China
| | - Shuping Tan
- Peking University HuiLonGuan Clinical Medical School, Beijing HuiLongGuan Hospital, Beijing 100096, China.
| | - L Elliot Hong
- Maryland Psychiatric Research Center, Department of Psychiatry, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21288, United States
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Ciodaro F, Freni F, Alberti G, Forelli M, Gazia F, Bruno R, Sherdell EP, Galletti B, Galletti F. Application of Cervical Vestibular-Evoked Myogenic Potentials in Adults with Moderate to Profound Sensorineural Hearing Loss: A Preliminary Study. Int Arch Otorhinolaryngol 2020; 24:e5-e10. [PMID: 31929829 PMCID: PMC6952287 DOI: 10.1055/s-0039-1697988] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2019] [Accepted: 07/27/2019] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction
The cochlea and the vestibular receptors are closely related in terms of anatomy and phylogeny. Patients with moderate to profound sensorineural hearing loss (MPSHL) should have their vestibular organ functions tested.
Objective
To evaluate the incidence of vestibular abnormalities in patients with MPSHL and to study the correlation between the etiology of hearing loss (HL) and a possible damage to the labyrinth.
Methods
A case-control retrospective study was performed. In the case group, 20 adults with MPSHL of known etiology were included. The control group was composed of 15 adults with normal hearing. The case group was divided into 4 subgroups based on the etiology (bacterial meningitis, virus, vascular disease, congenital). Cervical vestibular-evoked myogenic potentials (cVEMPs) were used to rate the saccular function and lower vestibular nerve.
Results
The study was performed in 70 ears, and it highlighted the presence of early biphasic P1-N1 complex in 29 (71.5%) out of 40 ears in the study group, and in all of the 30 ears in the control group (
p
= 0.001). Regarding the presence or absence of cVEMPs among the four subgroups of patients with MPSHL, the data were statistically significant (
p
< 0.001). The comparison between the latencies and amplitude of P1-N1 in case and control groups from other studies and in the four subgroups of cases in the present study did not detect statistically significant differences.
Conclusion
The present study demonstrates that patients with MPSHL have a high incidence of damage to the labyrinthine organs, and it increases the current knowledge about the etiopathogenesis of sensorineural HL, which is often of unknown nature.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francesco Ciodaro
- Department of Human Pathology in Adult and Developmental Age "Gaetano Barresi," Unit of Otorhinolaryngology, University of Messina, Messina ME, Italy
| | - Francesco Freni
- Department of Human Pathology in Adult and Developmental Age "Gaetano Barresi," Unit of Otorhinolaryngology, University of Messina, Messina ME, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Alberti
- Department of Human Pathology in Adult and Developmental Age "Gaetano Barresi," Unit of Otorhinolaryngology, University of Messina, Messina ME, Italy
| | - Marco Forelli
- Department of Human Pathology in Adult and Developmental Age "Gaetano Barresi," Unit of Otorhinolaryngology, University of Messina, Messina ME, Italy
| | - Francesco Gazia
- Department of Human Pathology in Adult and Developmental Age "Gaetano Barresi," Unit of Otorhinolaryngology, University of Messina, Messina ME, Italy
| | - Rocco Bruno
- Department of Human Pathology in Adult and Developmental Age "Gaetano Barresi," Unit of Otorhinolaryngology, University of Messina, Messina ME, Italy
| | | | - Bruno Galletti
- Department of Human Pathology in Adult and Developmental Age "Gaetano Barresi," Unit of Otorhinolaryngology, University of Messina, Messina ME, Italy
| | - Francesco Galletti
- Department of Human Pathology in Adult and Developmental Age "Gaetano Barresi," Unit of Otorhinolaryngology, University of Messina, Messina ME, Italy
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Halani PK, Andy UU, Rao H, Arya LA. Regions of the brain activated in bladder filling vs rectal distention in healthy adults: A meta-analysis of neuroimaging studies. Neurourol Urodyn 2019; 39:58-65. [PMID: 31816125 DOI: 10.1002/nau.24221] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2019] [Accepted: 10/20/2019] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
Abstract
AIMS Adults with pelvic floor disorders commonly present with overlapping bladder and bowel symptoms; however, the relationship between urinary and defecatory dysfunction is not well understood. Our aim was to compare and determine if overlapping brain regions are activated during bladder filling and rectal distention in healthy adults. METHODS We conducted separate Pubmed searches for neuroimaging studies investigating the effects of rectal distention and bladder filling on brain activation in healthy subjects. Coordinates of activated regions were extracted with cluster-level threshold P < .05 and compared using the activation likelihood estimate approach. Results from the various studies were pooled and a contrast analysis was performed to identify any common areas of activation between bladder filling and rectal distension. RESULTS We identified 96 foci of activation from 14 neuroimaging studies on bladder filling and 182 foci from 17 studies on rectal distension in healthy adults. Regions activated during bladder filling included right insula, right and left thalamus, and right periaqueductal grey. Regions activated during rectal distention included right and left insula, right and left thalamus, left postcentral gyrus, and right inferior parietal lobule. Contrast analysis revealed common activation of the right insula with both rectal distention and bladder filling. CONCLUSION Bladder filling and rectal distention activate several separate areas of the brain involved in sensory processing in healthy adults. The common activation of the insula, the region responsible for interoception, in these two conditions may offer an explanation for the coexistence of bladder and defecatory symptoms in pelvic floor disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Priyanka Kadam Halani
- Division of Urogynecology, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | - Uduak U Andy
- Division of Urogynecology, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | - Hengyi Rao
- Center for Functional Neuroimaging, Department of Neurology, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | - Lily A Arya
- Division of Urogynecology, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
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36
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Cascio F, Basile GC, Felippu AWD, Felippu AWD, Militi D, Portaro S, Poma S, Cascio F. Diagnosis and Treatment of Bilateral Respiratory Epithelial Adenomatoid Hamartomas With and Without Sinonasal Polyposis. EAR, NOSE & THROAT JOURNAL 2019; 100:495S-497S. [PMID: 31690100 DOI: 10.1177/0145561319886500] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Filippo Cascio
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, 18597Papardo Hospital, Messina, Italy
| | - Giorgio Carmelo Basile
- Department of Biomedical, Dental Sciences and Morphological and Functional Images, 18980University of Messina, Messina, Italy
| | | | | | - David Militi
- 120349IRCCS Centro Neurolesi Bonino Pulejo, Messina, Italy
| | - Simona Portaro
- 120349IRCCS Centro Neurolesi Bonino Pulejo, Messina, Italy
| | | | - Felice Cascio
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, 18597Papardo Hospital, Messina, Italy
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37
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Milardi D, Quartarone A, Bramanti A, Anastasi G, Bertino S, Basile GA, Buonasera P, Pilone G, Celeste G, Rizzo G, Bruschetta D, Cacciola A. The Cortico-Basal Ganglia-Cerebellar Network: Past, Present and Future Perspectives. Front Syst Neurosci 2019; 13:61. [PMID: 31736719 PMCID: PMC6831548 DOI: 10.3389/fnsys.2019.00061] [Citation(s) in RCA: 79] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2019] [Accepted: 10/08/2019] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Much of our present understanding of the function and operation of the basal ganglia rests on models of anatomical connectivity derived from tract-tracing approaches in rodents and primates. However, the last years have been characterized by promising step forwards in the in vivo investigation and comprehension of brain connectivity in humans. The aim of this review is to revise the current knowledge on basal ganglia circuits, highlighting similarities and differences across species, in order to widen the current perspective on the intricate model of the basal ganglia system. This will allow us to explore the implications of additional direct pathways running from cortex to basal ganglia and between basal ganglia and cerebellum recently described in animals and humans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Demetrio Milardi
- Department of Biomedical, Dental Sciences and Morphological and Functional Images, University of Messina, Messina, Italy.,IRCCS Centro Neurolesi "Bonino Pulejo", Messina, Italy
| | - Angelo Quartarone
- Department of Biomedical, Dental Sciences and Morphological and Functional Images, University of Messina, Messina, Italy
| | | | - Giuseppe Anastasi
- Department of Biomedical, Dental Sciences and Morphological and Functional Images, University of Messina, Messina, Italy
| | - Salvatore Bertino
- Department of Biomedical, Dental Sciences and Morphological and Functional Images, University of Messina, Messina, Italy
| | - Gianpaolo Antonio Basile
- Department of Biomedical, Dental Sciences and Morphological and Functional Images, University of Messina, Messina, Italy
| | | | | | - Giuseppe Celeste
- I.S.A.S.I.E. Caianello, National Research Council, Messina, Italy
| | - Giuseppina Rizzo
- Department of Biomedical, Dental Sciences and Morphological and Functional Images, University of Messina, Messina, Italy
| | - Daniele Bruschetta
- Department of Biomedical, Dental Sciences and Morphological and Functional Images, University of Messina, Messina, Italy
| | - Alberto Cacciola
- Department of Biomedical, Dental Sciences and Morphological and Functional Images, University of Messina, Messina, Italy
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A Multisensory Perspective on the Role of the Amygdala in Body Ownership. J Neurosci 2019; 39:7645-7647. [PMID: 31554718 DOI: 10.1523/jneurosci.0971-19.2019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2019] [Revised: 07/25/2019] [Accepted: 08/03/2019] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
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The cortico-rubral and cerebello-rubral pathways are topographically organized within the human red nucleus. Sci Rep 2019; 9:12117. [PMID: 31431648 PMCID: PMC6702172 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-019-48164-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2019] [Accepted: 07/11/2019] [Indexed: 02/03/2023] Open
Abstract
The Red Nucleus (RN) is a large nucleus located in the ventral midbrain: it is subdivided into a small caudal magnocellular part (mRN) and a large rostral parvocellular part (pRN). These distinct structural regions are part of functionally different networks and show distinctive connectivity features: the mRN is connected to the interposed nucleus, whilst the pRN is mainly connected to dentate nucleus, cortex and inferior olivary complex. Despite functional neuroimaging studies suggest RN involvement in complex motor and higher order functions, the pRN and mRN cannot be distinguished using conventional MRI. Herein, we employ high-quality structural and diffusion MRI data of 100 individuals from the Human Connectome Project repository and constrained spherical deconvolution tractography to perform connectivity-based segmentation of the human RN. In particular, we tracked connections of RN with the inferior olivary complex, the interposed nucleus, the dentate nucleus and the cerebral cortex. We found that the RN can be subdivided according to its connectivity into two clusters: a large ventrolateral one, mainly connected with the cerebral cortex and the inferior olivary complex, and a smaller dorsomedial one, mainly connected with the interposed nucleus. This structural topography strongly reflects the connectivity patterns of pRN and mRN respectively. Structural connectivity-based segmentation could represent a useful tool for the identification of distinct subregions of the human red nucleus on 3T MRI thus allowing a better evaluation of this subcortical structure in healthy and pathological conditions.
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Wu X, Geng Z, Zhou S, Bai T, Wei L, Ji GJ, Zhu W, Yu Y, Tian Y, Wang K. Brain Structural Correlates of Odor Identification in Mild Cognitive Impairment and Alzheimer's Disease Revealed by Magnetic Resonance Imaging and a Chinese Olfactory Identification Test. Front Neurosci 2019; 13:842. [PMID: 31474819 PMCID: PMC6702423 DOI: 10.3389/fnins.2019.00842] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2019] [Accepted: 07/26/2019] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a common memory-impairment disorder frequently accompanied by olfactory identification (OI) impairments. In fact, OI is a valuable marker for distinguishing AD from normal age-related cognitive impairment and may predict the risk of mild cognitive impairment (MCI)-to-AD transition. However, current olfactory tests were developed based on Western social and cultural conditions, and are not very suitable for Chinese patients. Moreover, the neural substrate of OI in AD is still unknown. The present study investigated the utility of a newly developed Chinese smell identification test (CSIT) for OI assessment in Chinese AD and MCI patients. We then performed a correlation analysis of gray matter volume (GMV) at the voxel and region-of-interest (ROI) levels to reveal the neural substrates of OI in AD. Thirty-seven AD, 27 MCI, and 30 normal controls (NCs) completed the CSIT and MRI scans. Patients (combined AD plus MCI) scored significantly lower on the CSIT compared to NCs [F(2,91) = 62.597, p < 0.001)]. Voxel-level GMV analysis revealed strong relationships between CSIT score and volumes of the left precentral gyrus and left inferior frontal gyrus (L-IFG). In addition, ROI-level GMV analysis revealed associations between CSIT score and left amygdala volumes. Our results suggest the following: (1) OI, as measured by the CSIT, is impaired in AD and MCI patients compared with healthy controls in the Chinese population; (2) the severity of OI dysfunction can distinguish patients with cognitive impairment from controls and AD from MCI patients; and (3) the left-precentral cortex and L-IFG may be involved in the processing of olfactory cues.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xingqi Wu
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
- Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Cognition and Neuropsychiatric Disorders, Hefei, China
| | - Zhi Geng
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
- Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Cognition and Neuropsychiatric Disorders, Hefei, China
| | - Shanshan Zhou
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
- Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Cognition and Neuropsychiatric Disorders, Hefei, China
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Neuropsychiatric Disorders and Mental Health, Hefei, China
| | - Tongjian Bai
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
- Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Cognition and Neuropsychiatric Disorders, Hefei, China
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Neuropsychiatric Disorders and Mental Health, Hefei, China
| | - Ling Wei
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
- Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Cognition and Neuropsychiatric Disorders, Hefei, China
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Neuropsychiatric Disorders and Mental Health, Hefei, China
| | - Gong-Jun Ji
- Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Cognition and Neuropsychiatric Disorders, Hefei, China
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Neuropsychiatric Disorders and Mental Health, Hefei, China
- Department of Medical Psychology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
| | - Wanqiu Zhu
- Department of Radiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
| | - Yongqiang Yu
- Department of Radiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
| | - Yanghua Tian
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
- Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Cognition and Neuropsychiatric Disorders, Hefei, China
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Neuropsychiatric Disorders and Mental Health, Hefei, China
| | - Kai Wang
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
- Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Cognition and Neuropsychiatric Disorders, Hefei, China
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Neuropsychiatric Disorders and Mental Health, Hefei, China
- Department of Medical Psychology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
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Cacciola A, Bertino S, Basile GA, Di Mauro D, Calamuneri A, Chillemi G, Duca A, Bruschetta D, Flace P, Favaloro A, Calabrò RS, Anastasi G, Milardi D. Mapping the structural connectivity between the periaqueductal gray and the cerebellum in humans. Brain Struct Funct 2019; 224:2153-2165. [PMID: 31165919 PMCID: PMC6591182 DOI: 10.1007/s00429-019-01893-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2019] [Accepted: 05/21/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
The periaqueductal gray is a mesencephalic structure involved in modulation of responses to stressful stimuli. Structural connections between the periaqueductal gray and the cerebellum have been described in animals and in a few diffusion tensor imaging studies. Nevertheless, these periaqueductal gray–cerebellum connectivity patterns have yet to be fully investigated in humans. The objective of this study was to qualitatively and quantitatively characterize such pathways using high-resolution, multi-shell data of 100 healthy subjects from the open-access Human Connectome Project repository combined with constrained spherical deconvolution probabilistic tractography. Our analysis revealed robust connectivity density profiles between the periaqueductal gray and cerebellar nuclei, especially with the fastigial nucleus, followed by the interposed and dentate nuclei. High-connectivity densities have been observed between vermal (Vermis IX, Vermis VIIIa, Vermis VIIIb, Vermis VI, Vermis X) and hemispheric cerebellar regions (Lobule IX). Our in vivo study provides for the first time insights on the organization of periaqueductal gray–cerebellar pathways thus opening new perspectives on cognitive, visceral and motor responses to threatening stimuli in humans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alberto Cacciola
- Department of Biomedical, Dental Sciences and Morphological and Functional Images, University of Messina, Messina, Italy.
| | - Salvatore Bertino
- Department of Biomedical, Dental Sciences and Morphological and Functional Images, University of Messina, Messina, Italy
| | - Gianpaolo Antonio Basile
- Department of Biomedical, Dental Sciences and Morphological and Functional Images, University of Messina, Messina, Italy
| | - Debora Di Mauro
- Department of Biomedical, Dental Sciences and Morphological and Functional Images, University of Messina, Messina, Italy
| | | | | | - Antonio Duca
- IRCCS Centro Neurolesi "Bonino Pulejo", Messina, Italy
| | - Daniele Bruschetta
- Department of Biomedical, Dental Sciences and Morphological and Functional Images, University of Messina, Messina, Italy
| | - Paolo Flace
- School of Medicine, University of Bari 'Aldo Moro', Bari, Italy
| | - Angelo Favaloro
- Department of Biomedical, Dental Sciences and Morphological and Functional Images, University of Messina, Messina, Italy
- School of Medicine, University of Bari 'Aldo Moro', Bari, Italy
| | | | - Giuseppe Anastasi
- Department of Biomedical, Dental Sciences and Morphological and Functional Images, University of Messina, Messina, Italy
| | - Demetrio Milardi
- Department of Biomedical, Dental Sciences and Morphological and Functional Images, University of Messina, Messina, Italy
- IRCCS Centro Neurolesi "Bonino Pulejo", Messina, Italy
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Määttä S, Säisänen L, Kallioniemi E, Lakka TA, Lintu N, Haapala EA, Koskenkorva P, Niskanen E, Ferreri F, Könönen M. Maturation changes the excitability and effective connectivity of the frontal lobe: A developmental TMS-EEG study. Hum Brain Mapp 2019; 40:2320-2335. [PMID: 30648321 DOI: 10.1002/hbm.24525] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2018] [Revised: 12/07/2018] [Accepted: 01/07/2019] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
The combination of transcranial magnetic stimulation with simultaneous electroencephalography (TMS-EEG) offers direct neurophysiological insight into excitability and connectivity within neural circuits. However, there have been few developmental TMS-EEG studies to date, and they all have focused on primary motor cortex stimulation. In the present study, we used navigated high-density TMS-EEG to investigate the maturation of the superior frontal cortex (dorsal premotor cortex [PMd]), which is involved in a broad range of motor and cognitive functions known to develop with age. We demonstrated that reactivity to frontal cortex TMS decreases with development. We also showed that although frontal cortex TMS elicits an equally complex TEP waveform in all age groups, the statistically significant between-group differences in the topography of the TMS-evoked peaks and differences in current density maps suggest changes in effective connectivity of the right PMd with maturation. More generally, our results indicate that direct study of the brain's excitability and effective connectivity via TMS-EEG co-registration can also be applied to pediatric populations outside the primary motor cortex, and may provide useful information for developmental studies and studies on developmental neuropsychiatric disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sara Määttä
- Faculty of Health Sciences, Department of Clinical Neurophysiology, Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio Campus, Finland.,Department of Clinical Neurophysiology, Kuopio University Hospital, Kuopio, Finland
| | - Laura Säisänen
- Faculty of Health Sciences, Department of Clinical Neurophysiology, Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio Campus, Finland.,Department of Clinical Neurophysiology, Kuopio University Hospital, Kuopio, Finland
| | - Elisa Kallioniemi
- Department of Psychiatry, UT Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas
| | - Timo A Lakka
- Faculty of Health Sciences, Institute of Biomedicine, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio Campus, Finland.,Department of Clinical Physiology and Nuclear Medicine, Kuopio University Hospital, Kuopio, Finland.,Foundation for Research in Health Exercise and Nutrition, Kuopio Research Institute of Exercise Medicine, Kuopio, Finland
| | - Niina Lintu
- Faculty of Health Sciences, Institute of Biomedicine, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio Campus, Finland
| | - Eero A Haapala
- Faculty of Health Sciences, Institute of Biomedicine, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio Campus, Finland.,Faculty of Sport and Health Sciences, University of Jyväskylä, Jyväskylä, Finland
| | - Päivi Koskenkorva
- Department of Clinical Radiology, Kuopio University Hospital, Kuopio, Finland
| | - Eini Niskanen
- Department of Applied Physics, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland
| | - Florinda Ferreri
- Department of Neuroscience, Unit of Neurology and Neurophysiology, University of Padua, Padua, Italy
| | - Mervi Könönen
- Department of Clinical Neurophysiology, Kuopio University Hospital, Kuopio, Finland.,Department of Clinical Radiology, Kuopio University Hospital, Kuopio, Finland
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Cacciola A, Milardi D, Bertino S, Basile GA, Calamuneri A, Chillemi G, Rizzo G, Anastasi G, Quartarone A. Structural connectivity-based topography of the human globus pallidus: Implications for therapeutic targeting in movement disorders. Mov Disord 2019; 34:987-996. [PMID: 31077436 DOI: 10.1002/mds.27712] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2019] [Revised: 03/31/2019] [Accepted: 04/04/2019] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Understanding the topographical organization of the cortico-basal ganglia circuitry is of pivotal importance because of the spreading of techniques such as DBS and, more recently, MR-guided focused ultrasound for the treatment of movement disorders. A growing body of evidence has described both direct cortico- and dento-pallidal connections, although the topographical organization in vivo of these pathways in the human brain has never been reported. OBJECTIVE To investigate the topographical organization of cortico- and dento-pallidal pathways by means of diffusion MRI tractography and connectivity based parcellation. METHODS High-quality data from 100 healthy subjects from the Human Connectome Project repository were utilized. Constrained spherical deconvolution-based tractography was used to reconstruct structural cortico- and dento-pallidal connectivity. Connectivity-based parcellation was performed with a hypothesis-driven approach at three different levels: functional regions (limbic, associative, sensorimotor, and other), lobes, and gyral subareas. RESULTS External globus pallidus segregated into a ventral associative cluster, a dorsal sensorimotor cluster, and a caudal "other" cluster on the base of its cortical connectivity. Dento-pallidal connections clustered only in the internal globus pallidus, where also associative and sensorimotor clusters were identified. Lobar parcellation revealed the presence in the external globus pallidus of dissociable clusters for each cortical lobe (frontal, parietal, temporal, and occipital), whereas in internal globus pallidus only frontal and parietal clusters were found out. CONCLUSION We mapped the topographical organization of both internal and external globus pallidus according to cortical and cerebellar connections. These anatomical data could be useful in DBS, radiosurgery and MR-guided focused ultrasound targeting for treating motor and nonmotor symptoms in movement disorders. © 2019 The Authors. Movement Disorders published by Wiley Periodicals, Inc. on behalf of International Parkinson and Movement Disorder Society.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alberto Cacciola
- Department of Biomedical, Dental Sciences and Morphological and Functional Images, University of Messina, Messina, Italy
| | - Demetrio Milardi
- Department of Biomedical, Dental Sciences and Morphological and Functional Images, University of Messina, Messina, Italy.,IRCCS Centro Neurolesi "Bonino Pulejo", Messina, Italy
| | - Salvatore Bertino
- Department of Biomedical, Dental Sciences and Morphological and Functional Images, University of Messina, Messina, Italy
| | - Gianpaolo Antonio Basile
- Department of Biomedical, Dental Sciences and Morphological and Functional Images, University of Messina, Messina, Italy
| | | | | | - Giuseppina Rizzo
- Department of Biomedical, Dental Sciences and Morphological and Functional Images, University of Messina, Messina, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Anastasi
- Department of Biomedical, Dental Sciences and Morphological and Functional Images, University of Messina, Messina, Italy
| | - Angelo Quartarone
- Department of Biomedical, Dental Sciences and Morphological and Functional Images, University of Messina, Messina, Italy
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Mogi T, Tsunoda T, Yoshino A. Altered upright face recognition and presence of face inversion effect in temporal lobe epilepsy: An event-related potential study. Psychiatry Clin Neurosci 2019; 73:269-276. [PMID: 30734399 DOI: 10.1111/pcn.12829] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2018] [Revised: 12/14/2018] [Accepted: 02/05/2019] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
AIM Facial recognition can be assessed by examining an event-related potential component, namely the N170. The amplitude of the N170 is larger in response to inverted faces than to upright faces. To examine facial processing in patients with temporal lobe epilepsy (TLE), we investigated the amplitude of the N170, the face inversion effect, and the association between social functioning and face-specific configuration processing. METHODS Sixteen patients with TLE and 17 normal controls (NC) participated in this study. Event-related potentials in response to upright or inverted neutral faces and bicycles were recorded. Social functioning was assessed by the socioeconomic status of the participants using the 5-point Hollingshead-Redlich Scale. RESULTS Compared with NC, patients with TLE had decreased N170 amplitudes. The inversion effect was observed for face stimuli in both groups; however, no inversion effect was observed for bicycle stimuli. Additionally, in TLE patients, but not in NC, socioeconomic status was significantly correlated with the N170 amplitudes in response to upright faces. CONCLUSION In a social context, upright faces are processed as a whole. This process is impaired in TLE. Conversely, inverted faces are processed analytically. This function is normal in TLE. Abnormal face-specific configuration processing may contribute to lower social functioning in TLE.
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Affiliation(s)
- Taichi Mogi
- Department of Psychiatry, National Defense Medical College, Tokorozawa, Japan
| | - Tomoya Tsunoda
- Department of Psychiatry, National Defense Medical College, Tokorozawa, Japan.,Department of Neuropsychiatry, Fukushima Prefectural Yabuki Hospital, Yabuki-machi, Japan
| | - Aihide Yoshino
- Department of Psychiatry, National Defense Medical College, Tokorozawa, Japan
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Gvozdanovic G, Stämpfli P, Seifritz E, Rasch B. Structural brain differences predict early traumatic memory processing. Psychophysiology 2019; 57:e13354. [PMID: 30825218 DOI: 10.1111/psyp.13354] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2018] [Revised: 12/21/2018] [Accepted: 01/20/2019] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
Abstract
Intrusive memories are a key symptom of post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD). They emerge early after trauma exposure and are predictive for PTSD development. There is a high relevance in evaluating the neurobiological mechanisms of early stages of intrusive symptom development to provide a further understanding of PTSD. In the present study, we explore structural differences in healthy young female subjects preceding experimental trauma exposure and their relationship to early intrusive memory development using a traumatic film paradigm. With voxel-based morphometry, we demonstrate that smaller insular volume was associated with an increased number of early intrusive film memories. Moreover, larger lingual gyrus/cerebellar and inferior frontal gyrus/precentral gyrus volumes were also related to an increased number of early intrusive film memories. Our results identify unique brain areas associated with early experimental trauma memory processing and highlight the necessity of evaluating early symptom stages relevant for personalized PTSD prevention and treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Geraldine Gvozdanovic
- Department of Psychiatry, Psychotherapy and Psychosomatics, Psychiatric Hospital, University of Zürich, Zürich, Switzerland.,Institute of Psychology, University of Zürich, Zürich, Switzerland
| | - Philipp Stämpfli
- Department of Psychiatry, Psychotherapy and Psychosomatics, Psychiatric Hospital, University of Zürich, Zürich, Switzerland.,MR-Center of the Department of Psychiatry, Psychotherapy and Psychosomatics and the Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Psychiatric Hospital of the University of Zürich, Zürich, Switzerland
| | - Erich Seifritz
- Department of Psychiatry, Psychotherapy and Psychosomatics, Psychiatric Hospital, University of Zürich, Zürich, Switzerland.,Competence Center of Sleep & Health Zürich, University of Zürich, Zürich, Switzerland
| | - Björn Rasch
- Competence Center of Sleep & Health Zürich, University of Zürich, Zürich, Switzerland.,Department of Psychology, University of Fribourg, Fribourg, Switzerland
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