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Tajabadi Farahani Z, Vaseghi S, Rajabbeigi E, Ghorbani Yekta B. The effect of olanzapine on spatial memory impairment, depressive-like behavior, pain perception, and BDNF and synaptophysin expression following childhood chronic unpredictable mild stress in adult male and female rats. Behav Brain Res 2024; 468:115039. [PMID: 38718877 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbr.2024.115039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2024] [Revised: 04/12/2024] [Accepted: 05/02/2024] [Indexed: 05/12/2024]
Abstract
Chronic unpredictable mild stress (CUMS) method has been introduced as a rodent model of depression. On the other hand, olanzapine, as an antipsychotic, can induce antidepressant and antipsychotic effects. Also, olanzapine may improve cognitive functions. Both CUMS and olanzapine can also affect the expression level of brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) and synaptophysin, the molecular factors involved in synaptic function, and learning and memory. In this study, we investigated the effect of olanzapine on locomotor activity (using open field test), pain threshold (using hot plate), depressive-like behavior (using forced swim test), spatial learning and memory (using Morris water maze), and BDNF and synaptophysin hippocampal expression (using real-time PCR) in both male and female CUMS rats. CUMS was performed for three consecutive weeks. Olanzapine was also injected intraperitoneally at the dose of 5 mg/kg. Our data showed that olanzapine can reverse the effects of CUMS on behavioral functions and BDNF and synaptophysin expression levels in the hippocampus of both males and females. It was also shown that olanzapine effects on spatial memory, pain perception, and BDNF and synaptophysin level were stronger in females than males. In conclusion, we suggested that the therapeutic effects of olanzapine in CUMS rats may be closely related to the function of BDNF and synaptophysin. Also, the therapeutic effects of olanzapine may be stronger in females. Therefore, and for the first time, we showed that there may be a sex difference in the effects of olanzapine on behavioral and molecular changes following CUMS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zahra Tajabadi Farahani
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Sciences, Faculty of Advanced Sciences and Technology, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Salar Vaseghi
- Cognitive Neuroscience Lab, Medicinal Plants Research Center, Institute of Medicinal Plants, ACECR, Karaj, Iran; Medicinal Plants Research Center, Institute of Medicinal Plants, ACECR, Karaj, Iran
| | - Elham Rajabbeigi
- Department of Developmental Biology, Faculty of Advanced Sciences and Technology, Tehran Medical Sciences, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Batool Ghorbani Yekta
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Tehran Medical Sciences, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran.
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2
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Mélo RMF, Barbosa RS, Ozório VL, Oliveira GM, Horita SIM, Henriques-Pons A, Araújo-Jorge TC, Fragoso VMS. Influence of leptin and its receptors on individuals under chronic social stress behavior. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2024; 15:1281135. [PMID: 38362276 PMCID: PMC10867138 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2024.1281135] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2023] [Accepted: 01/17/2024] [Indexed: 02/17/2024] Open
Abstract
Stress is the body's physiological reaction to a dangerous or threatening situation, leading to a state of alertness. This reaction is necessary for developing an effective adaptive response to stress and maintaining the body's homeostasis. Chronic stress, caused mainly by social stress, is what primarily affects the world's population. In the last decades, the emergence of psychological disorders in humans has become more frequent, and one of the symptoms that can be observed is aggressiveness. In the brain, stress can cause neuronal circuit alterations related to the action of hormones in the central nervous system. Leptin, for example, is a hormone capable of acting in brain regions and neuronal circuits important for behavioral and emotional regulation. This study investigated the correlation between chronic social stress, neuroendocrine disorders, and individual behavioral changes. Then, leptin and its receptors' anatomical distribution were evaluated in the brains of mice subjected to a protocol of chronic social stress. The model of spontaneous aggression (MSA) is based on grouping young mice and posterior regrouping of the same animals as adults. According to the regrouping social stress, we categorized the mice into i) harmonic, ii) attacked, and iii) aggressive animals. For leptin hormone evaluation, we quantified plasma and brain concentrations by ELISA and evaluated its receptor and isoform expression by western blotting. Moreover, we verified whether stress or changes in leptin levels interfered with the animal's body weight. Only attacked animals showed reduced plasma leptin concentration and weight gain, besides a higher expression of the high-molecular-weight leptin receptor in the amygdala and the low-molecular-weight receptor in the hippocampal region. Aggressive animals showed a reduction in the cerebral concentration of leptin in the hippocampus and a reduced high-and low-molecular-weight leptin receptor expression in the amygdala. The harmonic animals showed a reduction in the cerebral concentration of leptin in the pituitary and a reduced expression of the high-molecular-weight leptin receptor in the amygdala. We then suggest that leptin and its receptors' expression in plasma and specific brain areas are involved in how individuals react in stressful situations, such as regrouping stress in MSA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Renata M. F. Mélo
- Laboratory of Innovations in Therapies, Education and Bioproducts, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
| | - Rafaela S. Barbosa
- Laboratory of Innovations in Therapies, Education and Bioproducts, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
| | - Victória L. Ozório
- Laboratory of Innovations in Therapies, Education and Bioproducts, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
| | - Gabriel M. Oliveira
- Laboratory of Cell Biology, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
| | - Samuel I. M. Horita
- Laboratory of Innovations in Therapies, Education and Bioproducts, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
- Laboratory on Thymus Research, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
| | - Andrea Henriques-Pons
- Laboratory of Innovations in Therapies, Education and Bioproducts, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
| | - Tânia C. Araújo-Jorge
- Laboratory of Innovations in Therapies, Education and Bioproducts, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
| | - Viviane M. S. Fragoso
- Laboratory of Innovations in Therapies, Education and Bioproducts, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
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3
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Stanisavljević Ilić A, Đorđević S, Inta D, Borgwardt S, Filipović D. Olanzapine Effects on Parvalbumin/GAD67 Cell Numbers in Layers/Subregions of Dorsal Hippocampus of Chronically Socially Isolated Rats. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:17181. [PMID: 38139008 PMCID: PMC10743576 DOI: 10.3390/ijms242417181] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2023] [Revised: 11/08/2023] [Accepted: 11/17/2023] [Indexed: 12/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Depression is linked to changes in GABAergic inhibitory neurons, especially parvalbumin (PV) interneurons, which are susceptible to redox dysregulation. Olanzapine (Olz) is an atypical antipsychotic whose mode of action remains unclear. We determined the effect of Olz on PV-positive (+) and glutamate decarboxylase 67 (GAD67) + cell numbers in the layers of dorsal hippocampus (dHIPP) cornu ammonis (CA1-CA3) and dentate gyrus (DG) subregions in rats exposed to chronic social isolation (CSIS), which is an animal model of depression. Antioxidative enzymes and proinflammatory cytokine levels were also examined. CSIS decreased the PV+ cell numbers in the Stratum Oriens (SO) and Stratum Pyramidale (SP) of dCA1 and dDG. It increased interleukin-6 (IL-6), suppressor of cytokine signaling 3 (SOCS3), and copper-zinc superoxide dismutase (CuZnSOD) levels, and it decreased catalase (CAT) protein levels. Olz in CSIS increased the number of GAD67+ cells in the SO and SP layers of dCA1 with no effect on PV+ cells. It reduced the PV+ and GAD67+ cell numbers in the Stratum Radiatum of dCA3 in CSIS. Olz antagonizes the CSIS-induced increase in CuZnSOD, CAT and SOCS3 protein levels with no effect on IL-6. Data suggest that the protective Olz effects in CSIS may be mediated by altering the number of PV+ and GAD67+ cells in dHIPP subregional layers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrijana Stanisavljević Ilić
- Department of Molecular Biology and Endocrinology, “VINČA” Institute of Nuclear Sciences, National Institute of the Republic of Serbia, University of Belgrade, 11000 Belgrade, Serbia;
| | - Snežana Đorđević
- Poisoning Control Centre, Military Medical Academy, 11000 Belgrade, Serbia;
| | - Dragoš Inta
- Department for Community Health Faculty of Natural Sciences, Medicine, University of Fribourg, 1700 Fribourg, Switzerland;
- Department of Biomedicine, University of Basel, 4001 Basel, Switzerland
| | - Stefan Borgwardt
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Center of Brain Behavior and Metabolism, University of Lübeck, 23562 Lübeck, Germany;
| | - Dragana Filipović
- Department of Molecular Biology and Endocrinology, “VINČA” Institute of Nuclear Sciences, National Institute of the Republic of Serbia, University of Belgrade, 11000 Belgrade, Serbia;
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4
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Vu AP, Lam D, Denney C, Lee KV, Plemel JR, Jackson J. Social isolation produces a sex- and brain region-specific alteration of microglia state. Eur J Neurosci 2023; 57:1481-1497. [PMID: 36918398 DOI: 10.1111/ejn.15966] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2022] [Revised: 02/27/2023] [Accepted: 03/07/2023] [Indexed: 03/16/2023]
Abstract
Social isolation is a profound form of psychological stress that impacts the mental health of a large proportion of society. Other experimental models of stress have demonstrated a microglia response that serves either a protective or pathological function. However, the effect of adult social isolation on microglia has not been thoroughly investigated. We measured microglia territory, branching, end points and phagocytic-lysosomal activity in group housed C57Bl/6 mice and mice that were socially isolated for 2 weeks. Our results show that the dorsomedial hypothalamus and hippocampal CA2 region of adult male mice undergo increased microglia volume, territory and endpoints following social isolation, whereas females exhibit this increase in the hypothalamus only. Males exhibited decreases in the phagocytic-lysosomal marker CD68 in microglia in these regions, whereas females showed an increase in CD68 in the hypothalamus suggesting sexually dimorphic and brain region-specific change in microglia state in response to social isolation. The prefrontal cortex, central amygdala, nucleus accumbens shell and visual cortex did not exhibit changes in microglia structure in either male or female mice. These data show that microglia in different brain regions undergo a distinct response to social isolation which may account for changes in cognition and behaviour associated with this prevalent form of psychological stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alex P Vu
- Department of Physiology, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada
| | - David Lam
- Department of Physiology, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada
| | - Cayla Denney
- Department of Physiology, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada
| | - Kelly V Lee
- Department of Medicine, Division of Neurology, Department of Medical Microbiology and Immunology, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada
| | - Jason R Plemel
- Department of Medicine, Division of Neurology, Department of Medical Microbiology and Immunology, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada
- Neuroscience and Mental Health Institute, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada
| | - Jesse Jackson
- Department of Physiology, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada
- Neuroscience and Mental Health Institute, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada
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5
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Lin QS, Wang Y, Lin MH, Li YX, Chen P. WITHDRAWN: The cerebrospinal fluid-contacting nucleus contributes to depression- like behaviors via MKP-1 in rats. J Affect Disord 2022:S0165-0327(22)01378-7. [PMID: 36521668 DOI: 10.1016/j.jad.2022.12.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2022] [Revised: 12/03/2022] [Accepted: 12/06/2022] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
This article has been withdrawn at the request of the author(s) and/or editor. The Publisher apologizes for any inconvenience this may cause. The full Elsevier Policy on Article Withdrawal can be found at https://www.elsevier.com/about/our-business/policies/article-withdrawal
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Affiliation(s)
- Qing-Song Lin
- Department of Neurosurgery, Neurosurgery Research Institute, The First Affiliated Hospital, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou 350005, Fujian, China; Department of Neurosurgery, Binhai Branch of National Regional Medical Center, The First Affiliated Hospital, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou 350209, Fujian, China; Fujian Provincial Institutes of Brain Disorders and Brain Sciences, First Affiliated Hospital, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou 350005, Fujian, China; Fujian Provincial Clinical Research Center for Neurological Diseases, First Affiliated Hospital, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou 350005, Fujian, China; Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Precision Medicine for Cancer, First Affiliated Hospital, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou 350005, Fujian, China
| | - Ying Wang
- Department of Anesthesiology, Anesthesiology Research Institute, the First Affiliated Hospital, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, Fujian, China
| | | | - Yu-Xi Li
- Fujian Medical University, China
| | - Ping Chen
- Department of Anesthesiology, Anesthesiology Research Institute, the First Affiliated Hospital, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, Fujian, China.
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The differential effects of brief environmental enrichment following social isolation in rats. COGNITIVE, AFFECTIVE, & BEHAVIORAL NEUROSCIENCE 2022; 22:818-832. [PMID: 35199313 PMCID: PMC8865499 DOI: 10.3758/s13415-022-00989-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 02/07/2022] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
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Zhou G, Hu Y, Wang A, Guo M, Du Y, Gong Y, Ding L, Feng Z, Hou X, Xu K, Yu F, Li Z, Ba Y. Fluoride Stimulates Anxiety- and Depression-like Behaviors Associated with SIK2-CRTC1 Signaling Dysfunction. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2021; 69:13618-13627. [PMID: 34735150 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.1c04907] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Using Sprague-Dawley rats and rat PC12 cells treated with sodium fluoride (NaF), we investigated the effects of SIK2-CRTC1 signaling on the neurobehavioral toxicity induced by fluoride. The in vivo results demonstrated that NaF treatment induced anxiety- and depression-like behaviors in juvenile rats, resulting in histological and ultrastructural abnormalities in the rat hippocampus and medial prefrontal cortex. Moreover, NaF exposure induced neuronal loss and excessive apoptosis. We also found that NaF elevated the expression of SIK2 and reduced the expression of CRTC1, brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF), and VGF. The in vitro results showed that NaF suppressed cell viability, induced SIK2-CRTC1 signaling dysfunction, and caused excessive apoptosis in PC12 cells. Notably, targeted knockout of SIK2 with SIK2-siRNA or blocking of SIK2-CRTC1 signaling with 7,8-dihydroxyflavone (7,8-DHF) (as well as venlafaxine) can reduce apoptosis and increase cell viability in vitro. These findings suggest that neuronal death resulting from abnormal SIK2-CRTC1 signaling contributes to neurobehavioral toxicity induced by fluoride.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guoyu Zhou
- Department of Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan 450001, P. R. China
| | - Yue Hu
- Department of Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan 450001, P. R. China
| | - Anqi Wang
- Department of Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan 450001, P. R. China
| | - Meng Guo
- Department of Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan 450001, P. R. China
| | - Yuhui Du
- Department of Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan 450001, P. R. China
| | - Yongxiang Gong
- Department of Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan 450001, P. R. China
| | - Limin Ding
- Department of Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan 450001, P. R. China
| | - Zichen Feng
- Department of Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan 450001, P. R. China
| | - Xiangbo Hou
- Department of Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan 450001, P. R. China
| | - Kaihong Xu
- Department of Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan 450001, P. R. China
| | - Fangfang Yu
- Department of Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan 450001, P. R. China
| | - Zhiyuan Li
- Department of Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan 450001, P. R. China
| | - Yue Ba
- Department of Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan 450001, P. R. China
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8
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Küçükler S, Kandemir FM, Özdemir S, Çomaklı S, Caglayan C. Protective effects of rutin against deltamethrin-induced hepatotoxicity and nephrotoxicity in rats via regulation of oxidative stress, inflammation, and apoptosis. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2021; 28:62975-62990. [PMID: 34218375 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-021-15190-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2021] [Accepted: 06/24/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Deltamethrin is a type-II pyrethroid synthetic insecticide that is extensively used for controlling mosquitoes, flies, pests, and insects worldwide. This study was carried out to evaluate the likelihood protective effects of rutin, a natural antioxidant, against deltamethrin-induced liver and kidney toxicities in rats. Hepatotoxicity and nephrotoxicity were evaluated after the rats were treated orally with deltamethrin (1.28 mg/kg b.w.) alone or with rutin (25 and 50 mg/kg b.w.) for 30 days. Deltamethrin administration caused an increase in lipid peroxidation level and a decrease in activities of SOD, CAT, GPx, and GSH levels in the both tissues. Deltamethrin also increased serum ALT, AST, ALP, urea, and creatinine levels, while reduced nephrine levels in rats. In addition, deltamethrin increased the activation of inflammatory and apoptotic pathways by decreasing Bcl-2 and increasing TNF-α, NF-κB, IL-1β, p38α MAPK, COX-2, iNOS, beclin-1, Bax, and caspase-3 protein levels and/or activities. Furthermore, deltamethrin increased mRNA expression levels of PARP-1, VEGF, and immunohistochemical expressions of c-fos in the tissues. Rutin treatment significantly improved all examined parameters and restored the liver and kidney histopathological and immunohistochemical alterations. These findings demonstrate that rutin could be used to ameliorate hepatotoxicity and nephrotoxicity associated with oxidative stress, inflammation, and apoptosis in deltamethrin-induced rats.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sefa Küçükler
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Atatürk University, Erzurum, Turkey
| | - Fatih Mehmet Kandemir
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Atatürk University, Erzurum, Turkey.
| | - Selçuk Özdemir
- Department of Genetics, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Atatürk University, Erzurum, Turkey
| | - Selim Çomaklı
- Department of Pathology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Atatürk University, Erzurum, Turkey
| | - Cuneyt Caglayan
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Bingöl University, 12000, Bingöl, Turkey.
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9
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Felippe RM, Oliveira GM, Barbosa RS, Esteves BD, Gonzaga BMS, Horita SIM, Garzoni LR, Beghini DG, Araújo-Jorge TC, Fragoso VMS. Experimental Social Stress: Dopaminergic Receptors, Oxidative Stress, and c-Fos Protein Are Involved in Highly Aggressive Behavior. Front Cell Neurosci 2021; 15:696834. [PMID: 34489642 PMCID: PMC8418094 DOI: 10.3389/fncel.2021.696834] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2021] [Accepted: 07/27/2021] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Aggression is defined as hostile behavior that results in psychological damage, injury and even death among individuals. When aggression presents itself in an exacerbated and constant way, it can be considered escalating or pathological. The association between social stress and the emergence of exacerbated aggressiveness is common and is suggested to be interconnected through very complex neurobiological factors. For example, alterations in the expression of the dopaminergic receptors D1 and D2, reactive oxygen species (ROS) and the c-Fos protein in the cortex have been observed. Our objective was to analyze which factors are involved at the neurobiological level in the highly aggressive response of Swiss Webster adult male mice in a vivarium. In this work, we investigated the relationship among dopaminergic receptors, the production of ROS and the expression of c-Fos. Mice with exacerbated aggression were identified by the model of spontaneous aggression (MSA) based on the grouping of young mice and the regrouping of the same animals in adulthood. During the regrouping, we observed different categories of behavior resulting from social stress, such as (i) highly aggressive animals, (ii) defeated animals, and (iii) harmonic groups. To evaluate the dopaminergic system and the c-Fos protein, we quantified the expression of D1 and D2 dopaminergic receptors by Western blotting and fluorescence immunohistochemistry and that of the c-Fos protein by fluorescence immunohistochemistry. The possible production of ROS was also evaluated through the dihydroethidium (DHE) assay. The results showed that aggressive and subordinate mice showed a reduction in the expression of the D1 receptor, and no significant difference in the expression of the D2 receptor was observed between the groups. In addition, aggressive mice exhibited increased production of ROS and c-Fos protein. Based on our results, we suggest that exacerbated aggression is associated with social stress, dysregulation of the dopaminergic system and exacerbated ROS production, which leads to a state of cellular oxidative stress. The overexpression of c-Fos due to social stress suggests an attempt by the cell to produce antioxidant agents to reduce the toxic cellular concentration of ROS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Renata M Felippe
- Laboratory of Innovations in Therapies, Education and Bioproducts, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Gabriel M Oliveira
- Laboratory of Cell Biology, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Rafaela S Barbosa
- Laboratory of Innovations in Therapies, Education and Bioproducts, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Betina D Esteves
- Laboratory of Innovations in Therapies, Education and Bioproducts, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Beatriz M S Gonzaga
- Laboratory of Innovations in Therapies, Education and Bioproducts, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Samuel I M Horita
- Laboratory of Innovations in Therapies, Education and Bioproducts, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.,Laboratory on Thymus Research, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Luciana R Garzoni
- Laboratory of Innovations in Therapies, Education and Bioproducts, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Daniela G Beghini
- Laboratory of Innovations in Therapies, Education and Bioproducts, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Tânia C Araújo-Jorge
- Laboratory of Innovations in Therapies, Education and Bioproducts, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Viviane M S Fragoso
- Laboratory of Innovations in Therapies, Education and Bioproducts, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
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10
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Sah A, Kharitonova M, Mlyniec K. Neuronal correlates underlying the role of the zinc sensing receptor (GPR39) in passive-coping behaviour. Neuropharmacology 2021; 198:108752. [PMID: 34390690 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuropharm.2021.108752] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2021] [Revised: 08/04/2021] [Accepted: 08/08/2021] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
The Zn2+ receptor GPR39 is proposed to be involved in the pathophysiology of depression. GPR39 knockout (KO) animals show depressive- and anxiety-like behaviour, and resistance to conventional monoamine-based antidepressants. However, it is unclear as to which brain regions are involved in the pro-depressive phenotype of GPR39KO mice and the resistance to monoamine-targeting antidepressant treatment. Our current study confirmed previous results, showing that mice lacking GPR39 display enhanced passive coping-like behaviour compared with their wild-type controls. Furthermore, this study shows for the first time that GPR39KO displayed aberrant challenge-induced neuronal activity in key brain regions associated with passive coping behaviour. Imipramine induced only a marginal reduction in the enhanced passive coping behaviour in GPR39KO mice, which was associated with attenuation of the hyperactive prefrontal cortex. Similarly, the aberrant activity within the amygdalar subregions was normalized following imipramine treatment in the GPR39KO mice, indicating that imipramine mediates these effects independently of GPR39 in the prefrontal cortex and amygdala. However, imipramine failed to modulate the aberrant brain activity in other brain regions, such as the anterior CA3 and the dentate gyrus, in GPR39KO mice. Normalization of aberrant activity in these areas has been shown previously to accompany successful behavioural effects of antidepressants. Taken together, our data suggest that monoamine-based antidepressants such as imipramine exert their action via GPR39-dependent and -independent pathways. Failure to modulate passive-coping related aberrant activity in important brain areas of the depression circuitry is proposed to mediate/contribute to the greatly reduced antidepressant action of monoamine-based antidepressants in GPR39KO mice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anupam Sah
- Department of Pharmacology, Medical University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Maria Kharitonova
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Institute of Pharmacy and Center for Molecular Biosciences Innsbruck (CMBI), University of Innsbruck, Innrain 80-82/III, A-6020, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Katarzyna Mlyniec
- Department of Pharmacobiology, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Medyczna 9, PL 30-688, Krakow, Poland.
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11
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Microglia react to partner loss in a sex- and brain site-specific manner in prairie voles. Brain Behav Immun 2021; 96:168-186. [PMID: 34058309 PMCID: PMC8319132 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbi.2021.05.026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2020] [Revised: 05/25/2021] [Accepted: 05/26/2021] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Positive social relationships are paramount for the survival of mammals and beneficial for mental and physical health, buffer against stressors, and even promote appropriate immune system functioning. By contrast, impaired social relationships, social isolation, or the loss of a bonded partner lead to aggravated physical and mental health. For example, in humans partner loss is detrimental for the functioning of the immune system and heightens the susceptibility for the development of post-traumatic stress disorders, anxiety disorders, and major depressive disorders. To understand potential underlying mechanisms, the monogamous prairie vole can provide important insights. In the present study, we separated pair bonded male and female prairie voles after five days of co-housing, subjected them to the forced swim test on the fourth day following separation, and studied their microglia morphology and activation in specific brain regions. Partner loss increased passive stress-coping in male, but not female, prairie voles. Moreover, partner loss was associated with microglial priming within the parvocellular region of the paraventricular nucleus of the hypothalamus (PVN) in male prairie voles, whereas in female prairie voles the morphological activation within the whole PVN and the prelimbic cortex (PrL) was decreased, marked by a shift towards ramified microglial morphology. Expression of the immediate early protein c-Fos following partner loss was changed within the PrL of male, but not female, prairie voles. However, the loss of a partner did not affect the investigated aspects of the peripheral immune response. These data suggest a potential sex-dependent mechanism for the regulation of microglial activity following the loss of a partner, which might contribute to the observed differences in passive stress-coping. This study furthers our understanding of the effects of partner loss and its short-term impact on the CNS as well as the CNS immune system and the peripheral innate immune system in both male and female prairie voles.
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12
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Fluoxetine exerts subregion/layer specific effects on parvalbumin/GAD67 protein expression in the dorsal hippocampus of male rats showing social isolation-induced depressive-like behaviour. Brain Res Bull 2021; 173:174-183. [PMID: 34048829 DOI: 10.1016/j.brainresbull.2021.05.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2021] [Revised: 04/29/2021] [Accepted: 05/23/2021] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
The molecular background of depression is intensively studied in terms of alterations of inhibitory circuits, mediated by gamma aminobutyric acid (GABA) signalization. We investigated the effects of chronic social isolation (CSIS) and chronic fluoxetine (Flx) treatment (15 mg/kg/day) (3 weeks), on Parvalbumin (PV) and GAD67 expression in a layer-specific manner in rat dorsal hippocampal subregions. CSIS-induced depressive- and anxiety-like behaviours were confirmed with decrease in sucrose preference and increase in marble burying during behavioural testing, while Flx antagonized these effects. CSIS altered PV expression in stratum pyramidale (SP) of dorsal cornu ammonis 1 (dCA1) and stratum radiatum (SR) of dCA3. Flx antagonized this effect, and boosted PV expression in SP of the entire dCA and the dorsal dentate gyrus (dDG), as well as in the SR of dCA1/CA3. CSIS showed no significant effects on GAD67 expression, while Flx boosted its expression within the SR of the entire CA and SO of the dCA3. A correlation between SP of dCA1 and SR of dCA3 with regard to PV changes, implicates their possible role in the inhibitory circuit alterations. Flx-induced increase in GAD67 expression, specifically in SR of the entire dHIPP, may impose its involvement in the cell metabolic processes. Strong negative correlation between GAD67 and sucrose preference following Flx-treatment of CSIS rats was revealed. PV + cells of the SP layer of dCA1 and CA2 could be a potential target for the antidepressant action of Flx, while strong effect of Flx on GAD67 expression in the SR should be more extensively studied.
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13
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Perić I, Costina V, Gass P, Findeisen P, Filipović D. Hippocampal synaptoproteomic changes of susceptibility and resilience of male rats to chronic social isolation. Brain Res Bull 2020; 166:128-141. [PMID: 33238171 DOI: 10.1016/j.brainresbull.2020.11.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/13/2020] [Revised: 11/07/2020] [Accepted: 11/18/2020] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
The susceptibility of an individual to chronic social isolation (CSIS) stress may cause major depression (MD) whereby some individuals are resistant to the stress. Recent studies relate MD with altered expression of synaptic proteins in specific brain regions. To explore the neurobiological underpinnings and identify candidate biomarkers of susceptibility or resilience to CSIS, a comparative proteomic approach was used to map hippocampal synaptic protein alterations of rats exposed to 6 weeks of CSIS, an animal model of depression. This model generates two stress-response phenotypes: CSIS-sensitive (depressive-like behaviour) and CSIS-resilience assessed by means of sucrose preference and forced swim tests. Our aim was to characterize the synaptoproteome changes representative of potential long-term changes in protein expression underlying susceptibility or resilience to stress. Proteomic data showed increased expression of glycolytic enzymes, the energy-related mitochondrial proteins, actin cytoskeleton, signalling transduction and synaptic transmission proteins in CSIS-sensitive rats. Protein levels of glutamate-related enzymes such as glutamate dehydrogenase and glutamine synthetase were also increased. CSIS-resilient rats showed similar proteome changes, however with a weaker increase compared to CSIS-sensitive rats. The main difference was observed in the level of protein expression of vesicle-mediated transport proteins. Nonetheless, only few proteins were uniquely up-regulated in the CSIS-resilient rats, whereby Cytochrome b-c1 complex subunit 2, mitochondrial (Uqcrc2) and Voltage-dependent anion-selective channel protein 1 (Vdac1) were uniquely down-regulated. Identified altered activated pathways and potential protein biomarkers may help us better understand the molecular mechanisms underlying synaptic neurotransmission in MD or resilience, crucial for development of new therapeutics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ivana Perić
- Molecular Biology and Endocrinology MBE-090, "VINČA", Institute of Nuclear Sciences - National Institute of thе Republic of Serbia, University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Victor Costina
- Institute for Clinical Chemistry, Medical Faculty Mannheim of the University of Heidelberg, University Hospital Mannheim, Mannheim, Germany
| | - Peter Gass
- Institute of Psychopharmacology, Central Institute of Mental Health, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, Mannheim, Germany
| | - Peter Findeisen
- Institute for Clinical Chemistry, Medical Faculty Mannheim of the University of Heidelberg, University Hospital Mannheim, Mannheim, Germany
| | - Dragana Filipović
- Molecular Biology and Endocrinology MBE-090, "VINČA", Institute of Nuclear Sciences - National Institute of thе Republic of Serbia, University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia.
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14
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Sanson A, Riva MA. Anti-Stress Properties of Atypical Antipsychotics. Pharmaceuticals (Basel) 2020; 13:E322. [PMID: 33092112 PMCID: PMC7589119 DOI: 10.3390/ph13100322] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2020] [Revised: 10/14/2020] [Accepted: 10/15/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Stress exposure represents a major environmental risk factor for schizophrenia and other psychiatric disorders, as it plays a pivotal role in the etiology as well as in the manifestation of disease symptomatology. It may be inferred that pharmacological treatments must be able to modulate the behavioral, functional, and molecular alterations produced by stress exposure to achieve significant clinical outcomes. This review aims at examining existing clinical and preclinical evidence that supports the ability of atypical antipsychotic drugs (AAPDs) to modulate stress-related alterations. Indeed, while the pharmacodynamic differences between AAPDs have been extensively characterized, less is known on their ability to regulate downstream mechanisms that are critical for functional recovery and patient stabilization. We will discuss stress-related mechanisms, spanning from neuroendocrine function to inflammation and neuronal plasticity, which are relevant for the manifestation of schizophrenic symptomatology, and we will discuss if and how AAPDs may interfere with such mechanisms. Considering the impact of stress in everyday life, we believe that a better understanding of the potential effects of AAPDs on stress-related mechanisms may provide novel and important insights for improving therapeutic strategies aimed at promoting coping mechanisms and enhancing the quality of life of patients affected by psychiatric disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Marco A. Riva
- Department of Pharmacological and Biomolecular Sciences, University of Milan, Via Giuseppe Balzaretti 9, 20133 Milan, Italy;
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15
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Stanisavljević A, Perić I, Gass P, Inta D, Lang UE, Borgwardt S, Filipović D. Fluoxetine modulates neuronal activity in stress-related limbic areas of adult rats subjected to the chronic social isolation. Brain Res Bull 2020; 163:95-108. [DOI: 10.1016/j.brainresbull.2020.07.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2020] [Revised: 07/03/2020] [Accepted: 07/23/2020] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
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16
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Armstrong JL, Casey AB, Saraf TS, Mukherjee M, Booth RG, Canal CE. ( S)-5-(2'-Fluorophenyl)- N, N-dimethyl-1,2,3,4-tetrahydronaphthalen-2-amine, a Serotonin Receptor Modulator, Possesses Anticonvulsant, Prosocial, and Anxiolytic-like Properties in an Fmr1 Knockout Mouse Model of Fragile X Syndrome and Autism Spectrum Disorder. ACS Pharmacol Transl Sci 2020; 3:509-523. [PMID: 32566916 DOI: 10.1021/acsptsci.9b00101] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Fragile X syndrome (FXS) is a neurodevelopmental disorder characterized by intellectual disabilities and a plethora of neuropsychiatric symptoms. FXS is the leading monogenic cause of autism spectrum disorder (ASD), which is defined clinically by repetitive and/or restrictive patterns of behavior and social communication deficits. Epilepsy and anxiety are also common in FXS and ASD. Serotonergic neurons directly innervate and modulate the activity of neurobiological circuits altered in both disorders, providing a rationale for investigating serotonin receptors (5-HTRs) as targets for FXS and ASD drug discovery. Previously we unveiled an orally active aminotetralin, (S)-5-(2'-fluorophenyl)-N,N-dimethyl-1,2,3,4-tetrahydronaphthalen-2-amine (FPT), that exhibits partial agonist activity at 5-HT1ARs, 5-HT2CRs, and 5-HT7Rs and that reduces repetitive behaviors and increases social approach behavior in wild-type mice. Here we report that in an Fmr1 knockout mouse model of FXS and ASD, FPT is prophylactic for audiogenic seizures. No FPT-treated mice displayed audiogenic seizures, compared to 73% of vehicle-treated mice. FPT also exhibits anxiolytic-like effects in several assays and increases social interactions in both Fmr1 knockout and wild-type mice. Furthermore, FPT increases c-Fos expression in the basolateral amygdala, which is a preclinical effect produced by anxiolytic medications. Receptor pharmacology assays show that FPT binds competitively and possesses rapid association and dissociation kinetics at 5-HT1ARs and 5-HT7Rs, yet has slow association and rapid dissociation kinetics at 5-HT2CRs. Finally, we reassessed and report FPT's affinity and function at 5-HT1ARs, 5-HT2CRs, and 5-HT7Rs. Collectively, these observations provide mounting support for further development of FPT as a pharmacotherapy for common neuropsychiatric symptoms in FXS and ASD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jessica L Armstrong
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, Mercer University Health Sciences Center, Mercer University, 3001 Mercer University Drive, Atlanta, Georgia 30341, United States
| | - Austen B Casey
- Center for Drug Discovery, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, and Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Northeastern University, Boston, Massachusetts 02131, United States
| | - Tanishka S Saraf
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, Mercer University Health Sciences Center, Mercer University, 3001 Mercer University Drive, Atlanta, Georgia 30341, United States
| | - Munmun Mukherjee
- Center for Drug Discovery, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, and Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Northeastern University, Boston, Massachusetts 02131, United States
| | - Raymond G Booth
- Center for Drug Discovery, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, and Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Northeastern University, Boston, Massachusetts 02131, United States
| | - Clinton E Canal
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, Mercer University Health Sciences Center, Mercer University, 3001 Mercer University Drive, Atlanta, Georgia 30341, United States
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17
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Azevedo H, Ferreira M, Costa RW, Russo V, Russo E, Mascarello A, Guimarães CRW. Preclinical characterization of ACH-000029, a novel anxiolytic compound acting on serotonergic and alpha-adrenergic receptors. Prog Neuropsychopharmacol Biol Psychiatry 2019; 95:109707. [PMID: 31330215 DOI: 10.1016/j.pnpbp.2019.109707] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2019] [Revised: 05/18/2019] [Accepted: 07/17/2019] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Anxiety disorders are serious and common mental diseases, yet there is still a need for the development of more effective anxiolytics with better safety profiles than benzodiazepines and serotonin reuptake inhibitors. The serotonergic and noradrenergic systems have reciprocal interactions and are intricately related to the pathogenesis of anxiety. In this study, the anxiolytic-like effect of the novel compound ACH-000029, 3-(2-(4-(2-methoxyphenyl) piperazine-1-yl) ethyl) quinazoline-4(3H)-one, is reported. This compound acts at selected serotonergic (5-HT1A and 5-HT1D partial agonism and 5-HT2A antagonism) and α-adrenergic (α-1A, 1B and 1D antagonism) receptors, with good selectivity over other G-protein-coupled receptors. ACH-000029 exhibited high blood-brain barrier permeation and acute anxiolytic effects in the marble burying (MB) and light-dark box (LDB) models of anxiety over the dose ranges of 8-32 mg/kg i.p. and 16-30 mg/kg p.o. The anxiolytic activity was comparable to that observed for serotonin reuptake inhibitors (paroxetine and fluoxetine) and benzodiazepines (alprazolam, diazepam and clobazam). The analysis of the whole-brain c-fos expression following oral dosing showed that ACH-000029 regulated regions highly associated with the processing of environmental stimuli and anxiety behavior, such as the amygdala, paraventricular nucleus of the thalamus, retrosplenial dorsal, pallidum, bed nuclei of the stria terminalis, and locus ceruleus. No safety concerns were identified for ACH-000029 in the functional observational battery up to 50 mg/kg i.p. and in the nonprecipitated withdrawal test up to 30 mg/kg p.o. twice daily for 20 days. This work supports the further development of ACH-000029 as a drug candidate for the treatment of anxiety disorders. The analysis of the in vitro pharmacology and brain regions regulated by this compound may also lead to the exploration of other indications within the psychiatry field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hatylas Azevedo
- Aché Laboratórios Farmacêuticos, Guarulhos, São Paulo, Brazil.
| | - Marcos Ferreira
- Aché Laboratórios Farmacêuticos, Guarulhos, São Paulo, Brazil
| | | | - Valter Russo
- Zirkon Ind. Com de Insumos Químicos, Itapira, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Elisa Russo
- Zirkon Ind. Com de Insumos Químicos, Itapira, São Paulo, Brazil
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18
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Mandai T, Kasahara M, Kurimoto E, Tanaka M, Suzuki M, Nakatani A, Kimura H. In Vivo Pharmacological Comparison of TAK-071, a Positive Allosteric Modulator of Muscarinic M 1 Receptor, and Xanomeline, an Agonist of Muscarinic M 1/M 4 Receptor, in Rodents. Neuroscience 2019; 414:60-76. [PMID: 31299348 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroscience.2019.07.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/25/2018] [Revised: 06/28/2019] [Accepted: 07/01/2019] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
Activation of the M1 muscarinic acetylcholine receptor (M1R) may be an effective therapeutic approach for Alzheimer's disease (AD), dementia with Lewy bodies, and schizophrenia. Previously, the M1R/M4R agonist xanomeline was shown to improve cognitive function and exert antipsychotic effects in patients with AD and schizophrenia. However, its clinical development was discontinued because of its cholinomimetic side effects. We compared in vivo pharmacological profiles of a novel M1R-selective positive allosteric modulator, TAK-071, and xanomeline in rodents. Xanomeline suppressed both methamphetamine- and MK-801-induced hyperlocomotion in mice, whereas TAK-071 suppressed only MK-801-induced hyperlocomotion. In a previous study, we showed that TAK-071 improved scopolamine-induced cognitive deficits in a rat novel object recognition task (NORT) with 33-fold margins versus cholinergic side effects (diarrhea). Xanomeline also improved scopolamine-induced cognitive impairments in a NORT; however, it had no margin versus cholinergic side effects (e.g., diarrhea, salivation, and hypoactivity) in rats. These side effects were observed even in M1R knockout mice. Evaluation of c-Fos expression as a marker of neural activation revealed that xanomeline increased the number of c-Fos-positive cells in several cortical areas, the hippocampal formation, amygdala, and nucleus accumbens. Other than in the orbital cortex and claustrum, TAK-071 induced similar c-Fos expression patterns. When donepezil was co-administered to increase the levels of acetylcholine, the number of TAK-071-induced c-Fos-positive cells in these brain regions was increased. TAK-071, through induction of similar neural activation as that seen with xanomeline, may produce procognitive and antipsychotic effects with improved cholinergic side effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Takao Mandai
- Neuroscience Drug Discovery Unit, Research, Takeda Pharmaceutical Company Limited, 26-1, Muraoka-Higashi 2-chome, Fujisawa, Kanagawa 251-8555, Japan
| | - Maki Kasahara
- Neuroscience Drug Discovery Unit, Research, Takeda Pharmaceutical Company Limited, 26-1, Muraoka-Higashi 2-chome, Fujisawa, Kanagawa 251-8555, Japan
| | - Emi Kurimoto
- Neuroscience Drug Discovery Unit, Research, Takeda Pharmaceutical Company Limited, 26-1, Muraoka-Higashi 2-chome, Fujisawa, Kanagawa 251-8555, Japan
| | - Maiko Tanaka
- Neuroscience Drug Discovery Unit, Research, Takeda Pharmaceutical Company Limited, 26-1, Muraoka-Higashi 2-chome, Fujisawa, Kanagawa 251-8555, Japan
| | - Motohisa Suzuki
- Neuroscience Drug Discovery Unit, Research, Takeda Pharmaceutical Company Limited, 26-1, Muraoka-Higashi 2-chome, Fujisawa, Kanagawa 251-8555, Japan
| | - Atsushi Nakatani
- Neuroscience Drug Discovery Unit, Research, Takeda Pharmaceutical Company Limited, 26-1, Muraoka-Higashi 2-chome, Fujisawa, Kanagawa 251-8555, Japan
| | - Haruhide Kimura
- Neuroscience Drug Discovery Unit, Research, Takeda Pharmaceutical Company Limited, 26-1, Muraoka-Higashi 2-chome, Fujisawa, Kanagawa 251-8555, Japan.
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19
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Stanisavljević A, Perić I, Bernardi RE, Gass P, Filipović D. Clozapine increased c-Fos protein expression in several brain subregions of socially isolated rats. Brain Res Bull 2019; 152:35-44. [PMID: 31299320 DOI: 10.1016/j.brainresbull.2019.07.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2019] [Revised: 07/02/2019] [Accepted: 07/05/2019] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Chronic social stress and/or pharmacological treatments differentially modulate the expression of c-Fos, a marker of neuronal activity, in subregions of the rat brain. Here, we examined the effect of the atypical antipsychotic Clozapine (Clz) (20 mg/kg/day for 3 weeks) on the neuronal activation pattern of c-Fos protein expression in stress-relevant brain subregions of adult male Wistar rats exposed to chronic social isolation (CSIS: 3 weeks), an animal model of depression and schizophrenia, and controls. The protein expression of c-Fos was also used to map neuronal populations in brain subregions activated by CSIS alone. Subregions which showed significantly increased c-Fos protein expression following CSIS included the retrosplenial cortex (RSC), (subregions:RSC granular cortex, c region (RSGc) and dysgranular (RSD)), dentate gyrus, dorsal (DGd), paraventricular thalamic nucleus, posterior part (PVP), lateral (LA)/basolateral (BL) complex of amygdala, caudate putamen (CPu) and accumbens nucleus, shell (AcbSh). Increases in c-Fos protein expression in the RSGc, RSD, DGd, PVP, LA/BL complex of amygdala and striatum (CPu, Acb Core (AcbC) and AcbSh) following Clz treatment in controls were found. Clz applied simultaneously with CSIS modulated neuronal activity in CPu, AcbC and AcbSh subregions compared to CSIS alone, increasing c-Fos protein expression. Furthermore, Clz revealed synergistic effects with CSIS in the CA1d and PVP. These identified neural circuits reflect brain subregions activated following CSIS and/or Clz administration. These data further contribute to the understanding of the effectiveness of Clz in the modulation of brain subregion activation in response to CSIS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrijana Stanisavljević
- Laboratory of Molecular Biology and Endocrinology, Institute of Nuclear Sciences "Vinča", University of Belgrade, 11001 Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Ivana Perić
- Laboratory of Molecular Biology and Endocrinology, Institute of Nuclear Sciences "Vinča", University of Belgrade, 11001 Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Rick E Bernardi
- Institute of Psychopharmacology, Central Institute of Mental Health, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, Mannheim 68159, Germany
| | - Peter Gass
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Central Institute of Mental Health, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, Mannheim 68159, Germany
| | - Dragana Filipović
- Laboratory of Molecular Biology and Endocrinology, Institute of Nuclear Sciences "Vinča", University of Belgrade, 11001 Belgrade, Serbia.
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20
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Pereda-Pérez I, Valencia A, Baliyan S, Núñez Á, Sanz-García A, Zamora B, Rodríguez-Fernández R, Esteban JA, Venero C. Systemic administration of a fibroblast growth factor receptor 1 agonist rescues the cognitive deficit in aged socially isolated rats. Neurobiol Aging 2019; 78:155-165. [PMID: 30928883 DOI: 10.1016/j.neurobiolaging.2019.02.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2018] [Revised: 01/22/2019] [Accepted: 02/09/2019] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
Social isolation predominantly occurs in elderly people and it is strongly associated with cognitive decline. However, the mechanisms that produce isolation-related cognitive dysfunction during aging remain unclear. Here, we evaluated the cognitive, electrophysiological, and morphological effects of short- (4 weeks) and long-term (12 weeks) social isolation in aged male Wistar rats. Long-term but not short-term social isolation increased the plasma corticosterone levels and impaired spatial memory in the Morris water maze. Moreover, isolated animals displayed dampened hippocampal long-term potentiation in vivo, both in the dentate gyrus (DG) and CA1, as well as a specific reduction in the volume of the stratum oriens and spine density in CA1. Interestingly, social isolation induced a transient increase in hippocampal basic fibroblast growth factor (FGF2), whereas fibroblast growth factor receptor 1 (FGFR1) levels only increased after long-term isolation. Importantly, subchronic systemic administration of FGL, a synthetic peptide that activates FGFR1, rescued spatial memory in long-term isolated rats. These findings provide new insights into the neurobiological mechanisms underlying the detrimental effects on memory of chronic social isolation in the aged.
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Affiliation(s)
- Inmaculada Pereda-Pérez
- Department of Psychobiology, Universidad Nacional de Educación a Distancia (UNED), Madrid, Spain; Faculty of Experimental Sciences, Universidad Francisco de Vitoria, UFV, Madrid, Spain
| | - Azucena Valencia
- Department of Psychobiology, Universidad Nacional de Educación a Distancia (UNED), Madrid, Spain
| | - Shishir Baliyan
- Department of Psychobiology, Universidad Nacional de Educación a Distancia (UNED), Madrid, Spain
| | - Ángel Núñez
- School of Medicine, Autonoma University of Madrid, Madrid, Spain
| | - Ancor Sanz-García
- Unidad de Análisis de datos, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Hospital de la Princesa, Madrid, Spain
| | - Berta Zamora
- Department of Psychobiology, Universidad Nacional de Educación a Distancia (UNED), Madrid, Spain; Fetal Medicine Unit-SAMID, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Hospital Universitario, Madrid, Spain
| | - Raquel Rodríguez-Fernández
- Department of Behavioural Sciences Methodology, Universidad Nacional de Educación a Distancia, Madrid, Spain
| | - José Antonio Esteban
- Department of Molecular Neurobiology, Centro de Biología Molecular "Severo Ochoa", Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC) / Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Madrid, Spain
| | - César Venero
- Department of Psychobiology, Universidad Nacional de Educación a Distancia (UNED), Madrid, Spain.
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