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Volfart A, Rossion B. The neuropsychological evaluation of face identity recognition. Neuropsychologia 2024; 198:108865. [PMID: 38522782 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuropsychologia.2024.108865] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2023] [Revised: 03/14/2024] [Accepted: 03/18/2024] [Indexed: 03/26/2024]
Abstract
Facial identity recognition (FIR) is arguably the ultimate form of recognition for the adult human brain. Even if the term prosopagnosia is reserved for exceptionally rare brain-damaged cases with a category-specific abrupt loss of FIR at adulthood, subjective and objective impairments or difficulties of FIR are common in the neuropsychological population. Here we provide a critical overview of the evaluation of FIR both for clinicians and researchers in neuropsychology. FIR impairments occur following many causes that should be identified objectively by both general and specific, behavioral and neural examinations. We refute the commonly used dissociation between perceptual and memory deficits/tests for FIR, since even a task involving the discrimination of unfamiliar face images presented side-by-side relies on cortical memories of faces in the right-lateralized ventral occipito-temporal cortex. Another frequently encountered confusion is between specific deficits of the FIR function and a more general impairment of semantic memory (of people), the latter being most often encountered following anterior temporal lobe damage. Many computerized tests aimed at evaluating FIR have appeared over the last two decades, as reviewed here. However, despite undeniable strengths, they often suffer from ecological limitations, difficulties of instruction, as well as a lack of consideration for processing speed and qualitative information. Taking into account these issues, a recently developed behavioral test with natural images manipulating face familiarity, stimulus inversion, and correct response times as a key variable appears promising. The measurement of electroencephalographic (EEG) activity in the frequency domain from fast periodic visual stimulation also appears as a particularly promising tool to complete and enhance the neuropsychological assessment of FIR.
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Affiliation(s)
- Angélique Volfart
- School of Psychology and Counselling, Faculty of Health, Queensland University of Technology, Australia.
| | - Bruno Rossion
- Centre for Biomedical Technologies, Queensland University of Technology, Australia; Université de Lorraine, CNRS, IMoPA, F-54000, Nancy, France.
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2
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Rofes A, Piai V. Introduction to the special issue on cognitive neurosurgery. J Neuropsychol 2024; 18 Suppl 1:1-6. [PMID: 38375989 DOI: 10.1111/jnp.12358] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2023] [Accepted: 12/26/2023] [Indexed: 02/21/2024]
Affiliation(s)
- Adrià Rofes
- Center for Language and Cognition (CLCG), University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
- Research School of Behavioral and Cognitive Neurosciences (BCN), University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Vitória Piai
- Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition and Behavior, Radboud University, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
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3
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Burkhardt E, Zemmoura I, Hirsch F, Lemaitre AL, Deverdun J, Moritz-Gasser S, Duffau H, Herbet G. The central role of the left inferior longitudinal fasciculus in the face-name retrieval network. Hum Brain Mapp 2023; 44:3254-3270. [PMID: 37051699 PMCID: PMC10171495 DOI: 10.1002/hbm.26279] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2022] [Revised: 02/18/2023] [Accepted: 03/06/2023] [Indexed: 04/14/2023] Open
Abstract
Unsuccessful retrieval of proper names (PNs) is commonly observed in patients suffering from neurological conditions such as stroke or epilepsy. While a large body of works has suggested that PN retrieval relies on a cortical network centered on the left anterior temporal lobe (ATL), much less is known about the white matter connections underpinning this process. Sparse studies provided evidence for a possible role of the uncinate fasciculus, but the inferior longitudinal fasciculus (ILF) might also contribute, since it mainly projects into the ATL, interconnects it with the posterior lexical interface and is engaged in common name (CN) retrieval. To ascertain this hypothesis, we assessed 58 patients having undergone a neurosurgery for a left low-grade glioma by means of a famous face naming (FFN) task. The behavioural data were processed following a multilevel lesion approach, including location-based analyses, voxel-based lesion-symptom mapping (VLSM) and disconnection-symptom mapping. Different statistical models were generated to control for sociodemographic data, familiarity, biographical knowledge and control cognitive performances (i.e., semantic and episodic memory and CN retrieval). Overall, VLSM analyses indicated that damage to the mid-to-anterior part of the ventro-basal temporal cortex was especially associated with PN retrieval deficits. As expected, tract-oriented analyses showed that the left ILF was the most strongly associated pathway. Our results provide evidence for the pivotal role of the ILF in the PN retrieval network. This novel finding paves the way for a better understanding of the pathophysiological bases underlying PN retrieval difficulties in the various neurological conditions marked by white matter abnormalities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eléonor Burkhardt
- Praxiling Laboratory, UMR5267, CNRS & Paul Valéry University, Montpellier, France
| | - Ilyess Zemmoura
- UMR1253, iBrain, University of Tours, INSERM, Tours, France
- Department of Neurosurgery, Bretonneau Hospital, CHRU de Tours, Tours, France
| | - Fabrice Hirsch
- Praxiling Laboratory, UMR5267, CNRS & Paul Valéry University, Montpellier, France
| | - Anne-Laure Lemaitre
- Institute of Functional Genomics, University of Montpellier, CNRS, INSERM, Montpellier, France
- Department of Neurosurgery, Gui de Chauliac Hospital, Montpellier University Medical Center, Montpellier, France
| | - Jeremy Deverdun
- Department of Neuroradiology, Gui de Chauliac Hospital, Montpellier University Medical Center, Montpellier, France
- I2FH, Institut d'Imagerie Fonctionnelle Humaine, Gui de Chauliac Hospital, Montpellier University Medical Center, Montpellier, France
| | - Sylvie Moritz-Gasser
- Institute of Functional Genomics, University of Montpellier, CNRS, INSERM, Montpellier, France
- Department of Neurosurgery, Gui de Chauliac Hospital, Montpellier University Medical Center, Montpellier, France
| | - Hugues Duffau
- Institute of Functional Genomics, University of Montpellier, CNRS, INSERM, Montpellier, France
- Department of Neurosurgery, Gui de Chauliac Hospital, Montpellier University Medical Center, Montpellier, France
| | - Guillaume Herbet
- Praxiling Laboratory, UMR5267, CNRS & Paul Valéry University, Montpellier, France
- Institute of Functional Genomics, University of Montpellier, CNRS, INSERM, Montpellier, France
- Department of Neurosurgery, Gui de Chauliac Hospital, Montpellier University Medical Center, Montpellier, France
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4
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Desai RH, Tadimeti U, Riccardi N. Proper and common names in the semantic system. Brain Struct Funct 2023; 228:239-254. [PMID: 36372812 PMCID: PMC10171918 DOI: 10.1007/s00429-022-02593-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2022] [Accepted: 10/23/2022] [Indexed: 11/14/2022]
Abstract
Proper names are an important part of language and communication. They are thought to have a special status due to their neuropsychological and psycholinguistic profile. To what extent proper names rely on the same semantic system as common names is not clear. In an fMRI study, we presented the same group of participants with both proper and common names to compare the associated activations. Both person and place names, as well as personally familiar and famous names were used, and compared with words representing concrete and abstract concepts. A whole-brain analysis was followed by a detailed analysis of subdivisions of four regions of interest known to play a central role in the semantic system: angular gyrus, anterior temporal lobe, posterior cingulate complex, and medial temporal lobe. We found that most subdivisions within these regions bilaterally were activated by both proper names and common names. The bilateral perirhinal and right entorhinal cortex showed a response specific to proper names, suggesting an item-specific role in retrieving person and place related information. While activation to person and place names overlapped greatly, place names were differentiated by activating areas associated with spatial memory and navigation. Person names showed greater right hemisphere involvement compared to places, suggesting a wider range of associations. Personally familiar names showed stronger activation bilaterally compared to famous names, indicating representations that are enhanced by autobiographic and episodic details. Both proper and common names are processed in the wider semantic system that contains associative, episodic, and spatial components. Processing of proper names is characterized by a somewhat stronger involvement these components, rather than by a fundamentally different system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rutvik H Desai
- Department of Psychology, University of South Carolina, Columbia, SC, 29201, USA.
- Institute for Mind and Brain, University of South Carolina, Columbia, SC, 29201, USA.
| | - Usha Tadimeti
- Department of Psychology, University of South Carolina, Columbia, SC, 29201, USA
| | - Nicholas Riccardi
- Department of Psychology, University of South Carolina, Columbia, SC, 29201, USA
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Vaitonytė J, Alimardani M, Louwerse MM. Scoping review of the neural evidence on the uncanny valley. COMPUTERS IN HUMAN BEHAVIOR REPORTS 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.chbr.2022.100263] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
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6
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Koay JM, Blackmon KE, Middlebrooks EH, Quinones-Hinojosa A, Chaichana KL, Feyissa AM, Grewal SS, Sabsevitz DS. Examining the role of the uncinate fasciculus in proper noun naming: awake brain tumor resections and stereo EEG targeted electrical stimulation multiple case study. Neurocase 2022; 28:439-447. [PMID: 36548912 DOI: 10.1080/13554794.2022.2160261] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
While there is strong evidence from lesion and functional imaging studies implicating the left anterior temporal pole (LTP) in naming unique entities, less is known about white matter tracts in category-specific naming. We present evidence that implicates the uncinate fasciculus (UF) in proper noun naming. First, we describe two patients with left LTP gliomas who developed category specific worsening in proper noun naming in real time during awake surgery when the UF was surgically involved . We then describe a third case involving targeted electrical stimulation of the UF using stereo-electroencephalography (sEEG) that resulted in category specific naming disturbance for proper nouns..
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Affiliation(s)
- Jun Min Koay
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychology, Mayo Clinic, Jacksonville, Florida, USA
| | - Karen E Blackmon
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychology, Mayo Clinic, Jacksonville, Florida, USA
| | - Erik H Middlebrooks
- Department of Neurological Surgery, Mayo Clinic, Jacksonville, Florida, USA.,Department of Radiology, Mayo Clinic, Jacksonville, Florida, USA
| | | | | | - Anteneh M Feyissa
- Department of Neurological Surgery, Mayo Clinic, Jacksonville, Florida, USA
| | - Sanjeet S Grewal
- Department of Neurological Surgery, Mayo Clinic, Jacksonville, Florida, USA
| | - David S Sabsevitz
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychology, Mayo Clinic, Jacksonville, Florida, USA.,Department of Neurological Surgery, Mayo Clinic, Jacksonville, Florida, USA
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Semenza C. Proper names and personal identity. HANDBOOK OF CLINICAL NEUROLOGY 2022; 187:287-302. [PMID: 35964978 DOI: 10.1016/b978-0-12-823493-8.00008-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
The present chapter reviews the body of knowledge acquired so far about the role of the temporal lobe in representing and processing proper names and individual identity information. This body of knowledge has been collected with the contribution of several methodologies, including neuroimaging, electrophysiological techniques, and, critically, clinical observations. All this evidence converges in showing that proper names and related information are processed in at least partially independent neural networks mainly placed in the anterior areas of the left temporal lobe. A description of the properties distinguishing proper names from common names is provided. These properties, it will be claimed, made a different anatomical organization necessary and, possibly, determined the evolution of the brain to support this advantageous distinction in meeting environmental demands.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carlo Semenza
- Department of Neuroscience, Padova Neuroscience Center, University of Padova, Padova, Italy.
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Abstract
Face perception is a socially important but complex process with many stages and many facets. There is substantial evidence from many sources that it involves a large extent of the temporal lobe, from the ventral occipitotemporal cortex and superior temporal sulci to anterior temporal regions. While early human neuroimaging work suggested a core face network consisting of the occipital face area, fusiform face area, and posterior superior temporal sulcus, studies in both humans and monkeys show a system of face patches stretching from posterior to anterior in both the superior temporal sulcus and inferotemporal cortex. Sophisticated techniques such as fMRI adaptation have shown that these face-activated regions show responses that have many of the attributes of human face processing. Lesions of some of these regions in humans lead to variants of prosopagnosia, the inability to recognize the identity of a face. Lesion, imaging, and electrophysiologic data all suggest that there is a segregation between identity and expression processing, though some suggest this may be better characterized as a distinction between static and dynamic facial information.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jason J S Barton
- Division of Neuro-ophthalmology, Departments of Medicine (Neurology), Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, Psychology, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada.
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Kaminski J, Bowren M, Manzel K, Tranel D. Neural correlates of recognition and naming of famous persons and landmarks: A special role for the left anterior temporal lobe. HANDBOOK OF CLINICAL NEUROLOGY 2022; 187:303-317. [PMID: 35964980 DOI: 10.1016/b978-0-12-823493-8.00023-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
The anterior temporal lobes (ATLs) have been shown to be crucial for recognition and naming of unique entities such as persons and places. In this chapter, we review previous research that identified the neural underpinnings of these processes, and discuss the convergence zone theory of conceptual knowledge and proper name retrieval. Lesion-deficit and neuroimaging studies have found that the temporal poles are essential for recognition and naming of unique persons and places. Research has shown laterality, in that the right anterior temporal pole is specialized for recognition and the left for naming. Here, we analyzed recognition and naming of persons and landmarks in a large neurologic sample (N=244) using the Iowa Famous Faces and Famous Landmarks tests. For both categories, education had a significant effect on recognition and naming performances, but age and gender did not. Lesion-symptom maps revealed lower naming scores for both Faces and Landmarks associated with lesions to the anterior and mesial left temporal lobe. Lower recognition scores were also linked to left temporal lobe damage, possibly due to the method we used for measuring recognition (verbally based). Overall, the results demonstrate the importance of the temporal lobes for recognition and naming of unique persons and places.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jamie Kaminski
- Division of Neuropsychology and Cognitive Neuroscience, Departments of Neurology and Psychological and Brain Sciences, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, United States
| | - Mark Bowren
- Division of Neuropsychology and Cognitive Neuroscience, Departments of Neurology and Psychological and Brain Sciences, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, United States
| | - Kenneth Manzel
- Division of Neuropsychology and Cognitive Neuroscience, Departments of Neurology and Psychological and Brain Sciences, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, United States
| | - Daniel Tranel
- Division of Neuropsychology and Cognitive Neuroscience, Departments of Neurology and Psychological and Brain Sciences, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, United States.
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Papagno C, Pisoni A, Gainotti G. False alarms during recognition of famous people from faces and voices in patients with unilateral temporal lobe resection and normal participants tested after anodal tDCS over the left or right ATL. Neuropsychologia 2021; 159:107926. [PMID: 34216595 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuropsychologia.2021.107926] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2020] [Revised: 06/04/2021] [Accepted: 06/23/2021] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
Data gathered in the field of the experimental social psychology have shown that it is more difficult to recognize a person through his/her voice than through his/her face and that false alarms (FA) are produced more in voice than in face recognition. Furthermore, some neuropsychological investigations have suggested that in patients with damage to the right anterior temporal lobe (ATL) the number of FA could be higher for voice than for face recognition. In the present study we assessed FA during recognition of famous people from faces and voices in patients with unilateral ATL tumours and in normal participants tested after anodal transcranial direct current stimulation (tCDS), over the left or right ATL. The number of FA was significantly higher in patients with right than in those with left temporal tumours on both face and voice familiarity. Furthermore, lesion side did not differentially affect patient's sensitivity or response criterion when recognizing famous faces, but influenced both these measures on a voice recognition task. In fact, in this condition patients with right temporal tumours showed a lower sensitivity index and a lower response criterion than those with left-sided lesions. In normal subjects, the greater right sided involvement in voice than in face processing was confirmed by the observation that right ATL anodal stimulation significantly increased voice but only marginally influenced face sensitivity. This asymmetry between face and voice processing in the right hemisphere could be due to the greater complexity of voice processing and to the difficulty of forming stable and well-structured representations, allowing to evaluate if a presented voice matches or not with an already known voice.
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Affiliation(s)
- C Papagno
- CIMeC, Center for Mind/Brain Sciences, University of Trento, Rovereto, Italy; Department of Psychology, University of Milano-Bicocca, Milano, Italy.
| | - A Pisoni
- Department of Psychology, University of Milano-Bicocca, Milano, Italy
| | - G Gainotti
- Catholic University, Policlinico Gemelli, Roma, Italy
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