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Zhu J, Pan E, Pang L, Zhou X, Che Y, Liu Z. MiR-497-5p ameliorates the oxyhemoglobin-induced subarachnoid hemorrhage injury in vitro by targeting orthodenticle homeobox protein 1 (Otx1) to activate the Nrf2/HO-1 pathway. Mol Genet Genomics 2024; 299:45. [PMID: 38635011 DOI: 10.1007/s00438-024-02137-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2023] [Accepted: 04/01/2024] [Indexed: 04/19/2024]
Abstract
Subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH) is a neurological disorder that severely damages the brain and causes cognitive impairment. MicroRNAs are critical regulators in a variety of neurological diseases. MiR-497-5p has been found to be downregulated in the aneurysm vessel walls obtained from patients with aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage, but its functions and mechanisms in SAH have not been reported. Therefore, this study was designed to investigate the effect of miR-497-5p and its related mechanisms in SAH. We established an in vitro SAH model by exposing PC12 cells to oxyhemoglobin (oxyHb). We found that miR-497-5p was downregulated in SAH serum and oxyHb-treated PC12 cells, and its overexpression inhibited the oxyHb-induced apoptosis, inflammatory response and oxidative stress via activation of the Nrf2 pathway. Mechanistically, the targeting relationship between miR-497-5p and Otx1 was verified by luciferase reporter assays. Moreover, Otx1 upregulation abolished the protective effects of miR-497-5p upregulation against oxyHb-induced apoptosis, inflammation and oxidative stress in PC12 cells. Collectively, our findings indicate that miR-497-5p could inhibit the oxyHb-induced SAH damage by targeting Otx1 to activate the Nrf2/HO-1 pathway, which provides a potential therapeutic target for SAH treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jun Zhu
- Department of Neurosurgery, Jingjiang People's Hospital, 28 Zhongzhou Road, Jingjiang, Jiangsu, 214500, People's Republic of China
| | - Enyu Pan
- Department of Neurosurgery, Jingjiang People's Hospital, 28 Zhongzhou Road, Jingjiang, Jiangsu, 214500, People's Republic of China
| | - Lujun Pang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Jingjiang People's Hospital, 28 Zhongzhou Road, Jingjiang, Jiangsu, 214500, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiwei Zhou
- Department of Neurosurgery, Jingjiang People's Hospital, 28 Zhongzhou Road, Jingjiang, Jiangsu, 214500, People's Republic of China
| | - Yanjun Che
- Department of Neurosurgery, Jingjiang People's Hospital, 28 Zhongzhou Road, Jingjiang, Jiangsu, 214500, People's Republic of China.
| | - Zhao Liu
- Department of Neurosurgery, Jingjiang People's Hospital, 28 Zhongzhou Road, Jingjiang, Jiangsu, 214500, People's Republic of China.
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Segherlou ZH, Saldarriaga L, Azizi E, Vo KA, Reddy R, Siyanaki MRH, Lucke-Wold B. MicroRNAs' Role in Diagnosis and Treatment of Subarachnoid Hemorrhage. Diseases 2023; 11:77. [PMID: 37366865 DOI: 10.3390/diseases11020077] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2023] [Revised: 05/11/2023] [Accepted: 05/17/2023] [Indexed: 06/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH) is most commonly seen in patients over 55 years of age and often results in a loss of many productive years. SAH has a high mortality rate, and survivors often suffer from early and secondary brain injuries. Understanding the pathophysiology of the SAH is crucial in identifying potential therapeutic agents. One promising target for the diagnosis and prognosis of SAH is circulating microRNAs, which regulate gene expression and are involved in various physiological and pathological processes. In this review, we discuss the potential of microRNAs as a target for diagnosis, treatment, and prognosis in SAH.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Esaan Azizi
- College of Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32661, USA
| | - Kim-Anh Vo
- College of Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32661, USA
| | - Ramya Reddy
- College of Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32661, USA
| | | | - Brandon Lucke-Wold
- Department of Neurosurgery, College of Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32661, USA
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Popov LD. Deciphering the relationship between caveolae-mediated intracellular transport and signalling events. Cell Signal 2022; 97:110399. [PMID: 35820545 DOI: 10.1016/j.cellsig.2022.110399] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2022] [Revised: 07/02/2022] [Accepted: 07/05/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
The caveolae-mediated transport across polarized epithelial cell barriers has been largely deciphered in the last decades and is considered the second essential intracellular transfer mechanism, after the clathrin-dependent endocytosis. The basic cell biology knowledge was supplemented recently, with the molecular mechanisms beyond caveolae generation implying the key contribution of the lipid-binding proteins (the structural protein Caveolin and the adapter protein Cavin), along with the bulb coat stabilizing molecules PACSIN-2 and Eps15 homology domain protein-2. The current attention is focused also on caveolae architecture (such as the bulb coat, the neck, the membrane funnel inside the bulb, and the associated receptors), and their specific tasks during the intracellular transport of various cargoes. Here, we resume the present understanding of the assembly, detachment, and internalization of caveolae from the plasma membrane lipid raft domains, and give an updated view on transcytosis and endocytosis, the two itineraries of cargoes transport via caveolae. The review adds novel data on the signalling molecules regulating caveolae intracellular routes and on the transport dysregulation in diseases. The therapeutic possibilities offered by exploitation of Caveolin-1 expression and caveolae trafficking, and the urgent issues to be uncovered conclude the review.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lucia-Doina Popov
- Institute of Cellular Biology and Pathology "Nicolae Simionescu" of the Romanian Academy, 8, B.P. Hasdeu Street, 050568 Bucharest, Romania.
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Noncoding RNA as Diagnostic and Prognostic Biomarkers in Cerebrovascular Disease. OXIDATIVE MEDICINE AND CELLULAR LONGEVITY 2022; 2022:8149701. [PMID: 35498129 PMCID: PMC9042605 DOI: 10.1155/2022/8149701] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2021] [Accepted: 03/22/2022] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Noncoding RNAs (ncRNAs), such as microRNAs, long noncoding RNAs, and circular RNAs, play an important role in the pathophysiology of cerebrovascular diseases (CVDs). They are effectively detectable in body fluids, potentially suggesting new biomarkers for the early detection and prognosis of CVDs. In this review, the physiological functions of circulating ncRNAs and their potential role as diagnostic and prognostic markers in patients with cerebrovascular diseases are discussed, especially in acute ischemic stroke, subarachnoid hemorrhage, and moyamoya disease.
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Sun P, Hamblin MH, Yin KJ. Non-coding RNAs in the regulation of blood–brain barrier functions in central nervous system disorders. Fluids Barriers CNS 2022; 19:27. [PMID: 35346266 PMCID: PMC8959280 DOI: 10.1186/s12987-022-00317-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2021] [Accepted: 02/17/2022] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
The blood–brain barrier (BBB) is an essential component of the neurovascular unit that controls the exchanges of various biological substances between the blood and the brain. BBB damage is a common feature of different central nervous systems (CNS) disorders and plays a vital role in the pathogenesis of the diseases. Non-coding RNAs (ncRNAs), such as microRNAs (miRNAs), long non-coding RNA (lncRNAs), and circular RNAs (circRNAs), are important regulatory RNA molecules that are involved in almost all cellular processes in normal development and various diseases, including CNS diseases. Cumulative evidences have demonstrated ncRNA regulation of BBB functions in different CNS diseases. In this review, we have summarized the miRNAs, lncRNAs, and circRNAs that can be served as diagnostic and prognostic biomarkers for BBB injuries, and demonstrated the involvement and underlying mechanisms of ncRNAs in modulating BBB structure and function in various CNS diseases, including ischemic stroke, hemorrhagic stroke, traumatic brain injury (TBI), spinal cord injury (SCI), multiple sclerosis (MS), Alzheimer's disease (AD), vascular cognitive impairment and dementia (VCID), brain tumors, brain infections, diabetes, sepsis-associated encephalopathy (SAE), and others. We have also discussed the pharmaceutical drugs that can regulate BBB functions via ncRNAs-related signaling cascades in CNS disorders, along with the challenges, perspective, and therapeutic potential of ncRNA regulation of BBB functions in CNS diseases.
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Luo S, Yang M, Zhao H, Han Y, Jiang N, Yang J, Chen W, Li C, Liu Y, Zhao C, Sun L. Caveolin-1 Regulates Cellular Metabolism: A Potential Therapeutic Target in Kidney Disease. Front Pharmacol 2021; 12:768100. [PMID: 34955837 PMCID: PMC8703113 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2021.768100] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2021] [Accepted: 11/08/2021] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
The kidney is an energy-consuming organ, and cellular metabolism plays an indispensable role in kidney-related diseases. Caveolin-1 (Cav-1), a multifunctional membrane protein, is the main component of caveolae on the plasma membrane. Caveolae are represented by tiny invaginations that are abundant on the plasma membrane and that serve as a platform to regulate cellular endocytosis, stress responses, and signal transduction. However, caveolae have received increasing attention as a metabolic platform that mediates the endocytosis of albumin, cholesterol, and glucose, participates in cellular metabolic reprogramming and is involved in the progression of kidney disease. It is worth noting that caveolae mainly depend on Cav-1 to perform the abovementioned cellular functions. Furthermore, the mechanism by which Cav-1 regulates cellular metabolism and participates in the pathophysiology of kidney diseases has not been completely elucidated. In this review, we introduce the structure and function of Cav-1 and its functions in regulating cellular metabolism, autophagy, and oxidative stress, focusing on the relationship between Cav-1 in cellular metabolism and kidney disease; in addition, Cav-1 that serves as a potential therapeutic target for treatment of kidney disease is also described.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shilu Luo
- Department of Nephrology, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China.,Hunan Key Laboratory of Kidney Disease and Blood Purification, Changsha, China
| | - Ming Yang
- Department of Nephrology, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China.,Hunan Key Laboratory of Kidney Disease and Blood Purification, Changsha, China
| | - Hao Zhao
- Department of Nephrology, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China.,Hunan Key Laboratory of Kidney Disease and Blood Purification, Changsha, China
| | - Yachun Han
- Department of Nephrology, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China.,Hunan Key Laboratory of Kidney Disease and Blood Purification, Changsha, China
| | - Na Jiang
- Department of Nephrology, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China.,Hunan Key Laboratory of Kidney Disease and Blood Purification, Changsha, China
| | - Jinfei Yang
- Department of Nephrology, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China.,Hunan Key Laboratory of Kidney Disease and Blood Purification, Changsha, China
| | - Wei Chen
- Department of Nephrology, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China.,Hunan Key Laboratory of Kidney Disease and Blood Purification, Changsha, China
| | - Chenrui Li
- Department of Nephrology, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China.,Hunan Key Laboratory of Kidney Disease and Blood Purification, Changsha, China
| | - Yan Liu
- Department of Nephrology, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China.,Hunan Key Laboratory of Kidney Disease and Blood Purification, Changsha, China
| | - Chanyue Zhao
- Department of Nephrology, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China.,Hunan Key Laboratory of Kidney Disease and Blood Purification, Changsha, China
| | - Lin Sun
- Department of Nephrology, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China.,Hunan Key Laboratory of Kidney Disease and Blood Purification, Changsha, China
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Chen X, Luo X, Hu H, Xu Q. NBTI attenuates neuroinflammation and apoptosis partly by ENT1/NLRP3/Bcl2 pathway after subarachnoid hemorrhage in rats. Neuroreport 2021; 32:1341-1348. [PMID: 34718248 PMCID: PMC8560159 DOI: 10.1097/wnr.0000000000001733] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2021] [Accepted: 08/20/2021] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Neuroinflammation and apoptosis are two key factors contributing to early brain injury (EBI) after subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH) and are strongly associated with a poor prognosis. Recently, equilibrative nucleoside transporter 1 (ENT1) was emerged to accelerate the severity of inflammation and cell apoptosis in several nervous system diseases, including cerebral ischemia, neurodegeneration and epilepsy. However, no study has yet elaborated the expression levels and effects of ENT1 in EBI after SAH. METHODS Sprague-Dawley rats were subjected to SAH by endovascular perforation. Nitrobenzylthioinosine (NBTI) was intranasally administered at 0.5 h after SAH. The protein expression levels of ENT1, NLRP3, Bcl2, Bax, ACS, Caspase-1, IL-1 were detected by western blot. The modified Garcia score and beam balance score were employed to evaluate the neurologic function of rats following SAH. In addition, hematoxylin-eosin, fluoro-jade C and TdT-mediated dUTP nick-end labeling staining were then used to evaluate brain tissue damage and neuronal apoptosis. RESULTS Analysis indicated that endogenous levels of ENT1 were significantly upregulated at 24-hour post-SAH, accompanied by NLRP3 inflammasome activation and Bcl2 decline. The administration of NBTI, an inhibitor of ENT1, at a dose of 15 mg/kg, ameliorated neurologic deficits and morphologic lesions at both 24 and 72 h after SAH. Moreover, ENT1 inhibition efficiently mitigated neuronal degeneration and cell apoptosis. In addition, NBTI at 15 mg/kg observably increased Bcl2 content and decreased Bax level. Furthermore, suppression of ENT1 notably reduced the expression levels of NLRP3, apoptosis associated speck like protein containing CARD, caspase-1 and IL-1β. CONCLUSIONS NBTI relieved SAH-induced EBI partly through ENT1/NLRP3/Bcl2 pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaowei Chen
- Department of Neurosurgery, the First People’s Hospital of Jingmen City, Hubei, China
| | - Xiaocheng Luo
- Department of Neurosurgery, the First People’s Hospital of Jingmen City, Hubei, China
| | - Hang Hu
- Department of Neurosurgery, the First People’s Hospital of Jingmen City, Hubei, China
| | - Qianghua Xu
- Department of Neurosurgery, the First People’s Hospital of Jingmen City, Hubei, China
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