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Tejada S, Sarubbo F, Jiménez-García M, Ramis MR, Monserrat-Mesquida M, Quetglas-Llabrés MM, Capó X, Esteban S, Sureda A, Moranta D. Mitigating Age-Related Cognitive Decline and Oxidative Status in Rats Treated with Catechin and Polyphenon-60. Nutrients 2024; 16:368. [PMID: 38337652 PMCID: PMC10857701 DOI: 10.3390/nu16030368] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2023] [Revised: 01/23/2024] [Accepted: 01/24/2024] [Indexed: 02/12/2024] Open
Abstract
Aging is a normal physiological process influenced by the combination of multiple mechanisms, primarily oxidative stress and neuroinflammation, which impact general physiology and brain function. Phenolic compounds have demonstrated the ability to slow down the aging process of the brain due to their antioxidant and anti-inflammatory effects. This study assessed the protective properties of catechin and polyphenon-60 in non-pathologically aged rats regarding visuo-spatial learning and the oxidative status of the frontal cortex. Old animals were treated with catechin or green tea extract (polyphenon-60) for 36 days, daily. Healthy old and young rats were used as controls. During the first training phase, treated rats executed the test better, locating the target in less time compared with the controls. Biomarkers of oxidative stress (catalase activities, superoxide dismutase, glutathione reductase, and glutathione S-transferase) were reduced in the brain of old animals, although their activities were partially improved after both antioxidant treatments. Furthermore, the rise in the production of reactive oxygen species and malondialdehyde levels-a marker of lipid peroxidation-in the frontal cortex of aged animals was significantly ameliorated after the interventions. In conclusion, old rats exhibited enhanced cognitive function and reduced stress levels following the administration of catechin and polyphenon-60.
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Affiliation(s)
- Silvia Tejada
- Laboratory of Neurophysiology, University of the Balearic Islands, 07122 Palma de Mallorca, Spain; (S.T.); (F.S.); (M.J.-G.); (M.R.R.); (S.E.); (D.M.)
- CIBER Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBEROBN), Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII), 28029 Madrid, Spain
- Health Research Institute of Balearic Islands (IdISBa), 07120 Palma de Mallorca, Spain; (M.M.-M.); (M.M.Q.-L.); (X.C.)
| | - Fiorella Sarubbo
- Laboratory of Neurophysiology, University of the Balearic Islands, 07122 Palma de Mallorca, Spain; (S.T.); (F.S.); (M.J.-G.); (M.R.R.); (S.E.); (D.M.)
- Health Research Institute of Balearic Islands (IdISBa), 07120 Palma de Mallorca, Spain; (M.M.-M.); (M.M.Q.-L.); (X.C.)
| | - Manuel Jiménez-García
- Laboratory of Neurophysiology, University of the Balearic Islands, 07122 Palma de Mallorca, Spain; (S.T.); (F.S.); (M.J.-G.); (M.R.R.); (S.E.); (D.M.)
- Health Research Institute of Balearic Islands (IdISBa), 07120 Palma de Mallorca, Spain; (M.M.-M.); (M.M.Q.-L.); (X.C.)
| | - Margarida R. Ramis
- Laboratory of Neurophysiology, University of the Balearic Islands, 07122 Palma de Mallorca, Spain; (S.T.); (F.S.); (M.J.-G.); (M.R.R.); (S.E.); (D.M.)
| | - Margalida Monserrat-Mesquida
- Health Research Institute of Balearic Islands (IdISBa), 07120 Palma de Mallorca, Spain; (M.M.-M.); (M.M.Q.-L.); (X.C.)
- Research Group in Community Nutrition and Oxidative Stress (NUCOX), University of Balearic Islands, 07122 Palma de Mallorca, Spain
| | - Maria Magdalena Quetglas-Llabrés
- Health Research Institute of Balearic Islands (IdISBa), 07120 Palma de Mallorca, Spain; (M.M.-M.); (M.M.Q.-L.); (X.C.)
- Research Group in Community Nutrition and Oxidative Stress (NUCOX), University of Balearic Islands, 07122 Palma de Mallorca, Spain
| | - Xavier Capó
- Health Research Institute of Balearic Islands (IdISBa), 07120 Palma de Mallorca, Spain; (M.M.-M.); (M.M.Q.-L.); (X.C.)
- Research Group in Community Nutrition and Oxidative Stress (NUCOX), University of Balearic Islands, 07122 Palma de Mallorca, Spain
| | - Susana Esteban
- Laboratory of Neurophysiology, University of the Balearic Islands, 07122 Palma de Mallorca, Spain; (S.T.); (F.S.); (M.J.-G.); (M.R.R.); (S.E.); (D.M.)
- Health Research Institute of Balearic Islands (IdISBa), 07120 Palma de Mallorca, Spain; (M.M.-M.); (M.M.Q.-L.); (X.C.)
| | - Antoni Sureda
- CIBER Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBEROBN), Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII), 28029 Madrid, Spain
- Health Research Institute of Balearic Islands (IdISBa), 07120 Palma de Mallorca, Spain; (M.M.-M.); (M.M.Q.-L.); (X.C.)
- Research Group in Community Nutrition and Oxidative Stress (NUCOX), University of Balearic Islands, 07122 Palma de Mallorca, Spain
| | - David Moranta
- Laboratory of Neurophysiology, University of the Balearic Islands, 07122 Palma de Mallorca, Spain; (S.T.); (F.S.); (M.J.-G.); (M.R.R.); (S.E.); (D.M.)
- Health Research Institute of Balearic Islands (IdISBa), 07120 Palma de Mallorca, Spain; (M.M.-M.); (M.M.Q.-L.); (X.C.)
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Cheatham CL, Nieman DC, Neilson AP, Lila MA. Enhancing the Cognitive Effects of Flavonoids With Physical Activity: Is There a Case for the Gut Microbiome? Front Neurosci 2022; 16:833202. [PMID: 35273477 PMCID: PMC8902155 DOI: 10.3389/fnins.2022.833202] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2021] [Accepted: 01/20/2022] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Age-related cognitive changes can be the first indication of the progression to dementias, such as Alzheimer's disease. These changes may be driven by a complex interaction of factors including diet, activity levels, genetics, and environment. Here we review the evidence supporting relationships between flavonoids, physical activity, and brain function. Recent in vivo experiments and human clinical trials have shown that flavonoid-rich foods can inhibit neuroinflammation and enhance cognitive performance. Improved cognition has also been correlated with a physically active lifestyle, and with the functionality and diversity of the gut microbiome. The great majority (+ 90%) of dietary flavonoids are biotransformed into phytoactive phenolic metabolites at the gut microbiome level prior to absorption, and these prebiotic flavonoids modulate microbiota profiles and diversity. Health-relevant outcomes from flavonoid ingestion may only be realized in the presence of a robust microbiome. Moderate-to-vigorous physical activity (MVPA) accelerates the catabolism and uptake of these gut-derived anti-inflammatory and immunomodulatory metabolites into circulation. The gut microbiome exerts a profound influence on cognitive function; moderate exercise and flavonoid intake influence cognitive benefits; and exercise and flavonoid intake influence the microbiome. We conclude that there is a potential for combined impacts of flavonoid intake and physical exertion on cognitive function, as modulated by the gut microbiome, and that the combination of a flavonoid-rich diet and routine aerobic exercise may potentiate cognitive benefits and reduce cognitive decline in an aging population, via mechanisms mediated by the gut microbiome. Mechanistic animal studies and human clinical interventions are needed to further explore this hypothesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carol L. Cheatham
- Department of Psychology and Neuroscience, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, United States
| | - David C. Nieman
- Human Performance Lab, Department of Biology, Appalachian State University, Kannapolis, NC, United States
| | - Andrew P. Neilson
- Department of Food, Bioprocessing and Nutrition Sciences, Plants for Human Health Institute, North Carolina State University, Kannapolis, NC, United States
| | - Mary Ann Lila
- Department of Food, Bioprocessing and Nutrition Sciences, Plants for Human Health Institute, North Carolina State University, Kannapolis, NC, United States
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Groopman EE, Williamson TL, Simons DS. Improved Uranium Particle Analysis by SIMS using O 3 - Primary Ions. JOURNAL OF ANALYTICAL ATOMIC SPECTROMETRY 2022; 37:10.1039/d2ja00231k. [PMID: 36578831 PMCID: PMC9791982 DOI: 10.1039/d2ja00231k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
We have investigated the use of negative molecular oxygen primary ion beams (i.e., O2 - and O3 -) to determine the benefits of using such beams for uranium particle SIMS analyses. Typically, O- is the most practical negative primary ion species from the conventional duoplasmatron ion source for both age dating and uranium isotopic analysis of particles. Newer RF plasma ion sources make it possible to use O2 - and O3 - due to higher brightness and primary ion fluence, and the increased abundance of molecular species in the plasma relative to the duoplasmatron. We have determined that by using an O3 - beam, the ionization yield can be increased by a factor of approximately two over an O- beam, up to 4.7%, a substantial improvement that positively impacts measurement precision and detection limits. We also investigated the effect of the molecular oxygen beams on uranium isotope mass fractionation and the Th/U relative sensitivity factor for SIMS analyses in comparison to O- beams. We found that O3 - reduced instrumental mass fractionation and matrix/substrate effects relative to the other negative ion beams. Particle measurements using O3 - were improved compared to conventional O- beam analyses due to higher yields, smaller corrections, and reduced substrate effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Evan E. Groopman
- Materials Measurement Science Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, MD, 20899, USA
| | - Todd L. Williamson
- Materials Measurement Science Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, MD, 20899, USA
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Manolescu BN, Oprea E, Mititelu M, Ruta LL, Farcasanu IC. Dietary Anthocyanins and Stroke: A Review of Pharmacokinetic and Pharmacodynamic Studies. Nutrients 2019; 11:nu11071479. [PMID: 31261786 PMCID: PMC6682894 DOI: 10.3390/nu11071479] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2019] [Revised: 06/22/2019] [Accepted: 06/22/2019] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Cerebrovascular accidents are currently the second major cause of death and the third leading cause of disability in the world, according to the World Health Organization (WHO), which has provided protocols for stroke prevention. Although there is a multitude of studies on the health benefits associated with anthocyanin (ACN) consumption, there is no a rigorous systematization of the data linking dietary ACN with stroke prevention. This review is intended to present data from epidemiological, in vitro, in vivo, and clinical studies dealing with the stroke related to ACN-rich diets or ACN supplements, along with possible mechanisms of action revealed by pharmacokinetic studies, including ACN passage through the blood-brain barrier (BBB).
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Affiliation(s)
- Bogdan Nicolae Manolescu
- Department of Organic Chemistry "C.D. Nenitescu", Faculty of Applied Chemistry and Science of Materials, Polytechnic University of Bucharest, 1-7 Polizu Street, 011061 Bucharest, Romania.
| | - Eliza Oprea
- Department of Organic Chemistry, Biochemistry and Catalysis, Faculty of Chemistry, University of Bucharest, 90-92 Panduri Street, 050663 Bucharest, Romania.
| | - Magdalena Mititelu
- Department of Clinical Laboratory and Food Hygiene, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Medicine and Pharmacy "Carol Davila", 6 Traian Vuia, 020956 Bucharest, Romania.
| | - Lavinia L Ruta
- Department of Organic Chemistry, Biochemistry and Catalysis, Faculty of Chemistry, University of Bucharest, 90-92 Panduri Street, 050663 Bucharest, Romania.
| | - Ileana C Farcasanu
- Department of Organic Chemistry, Biochemistry and Catalysis, Faculty of Chemistry, University of Bucharest, 90-92 Panduri Street, 050663 Bucharest, Romania.
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Lila MA, Burton-Freeman B, Grace M, Kalt W. Unraveling Anthocyanin Bioavailability for Human Health. Annu Rev Food Sci Technol 2016; 7:375-93. [DOI: 10.1146/annurev-food-041715-033346] [Citation(s) in RCA: 147] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Mary Ann Lila
- Plants for Human Health Institute, North Carolina Research Campus, North Carolina State University, Kannapolis, North Carolina 28081; ,
| | - Britt Burton-Freeman
- Institute for Food Safety and Health, Illinois Institute of Technology, Chicago, Illinois 60501;
| | - Mary Grace
- Plants for Human Health Institute, North Carolina Research Campus, North Carolina State University, Kannapolis, North Carolina 28081; ,
| | - Wilhelmina Kalt
- Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada, Atlantic Food and Horticulture Research Centre, Kentville, Nova Scotia, B4N 1J5 Canada;
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Kuhnline Sloan CD, Nandi P, Linz TH, Aldrich JV, Audus KL, Lunte SM. Analytical and biological methods for probing the blood-brain barrier. ANNUAL REVIEW OF ANALYTICAL CHEMISTRY (PALO ALTO, CALIF.) 2012; 5:505-31. [PMID: 22708905 PMCID: PMC3744104 DOI: 10.1146/annurev-anchem-062011-143002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
The blood-brain barrier (BBB) is an important interface between the peripheral and central nervous systems. It protects the brain against the infiltration of harmful substances and regulates the permeation of beneficial endogenous substances from the blood into the extracellular fluid of the brain. It can also present a major obstacle in the development of drugs that are targeted for the central nervous system. Several methods have been developed to investigate the transport and metabolism of drugs, peptides, and endogenous compounds at the BBB. In vivo methods include intravenous injection, brain perfusion, positron emission tomography, and microdialysis sampling. Researchers have also developed in vitro cell-culture models that can be employed to investigate transport and metabolism at the BBB without the complication of systemic involvement. All these methods require sensitive and selective analytical methods to monitor the transport and metabolism of the compounds of interest at the BBB.
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Barnes S, Prasain J, D'Alessandro T, Arabshahi A, Botting N, Lila MA, Jackson G, Janle EM, Weaver CM. The metabolism and analysis of isoflavones and other dietary polyphenols in foods and biological systems. Food Funct 2011; 2:235-44. [PMID: 21779561 DOI: 10.1039/c1fo10025d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 113] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Abstract
Polyphenols in dietary and botanical matrices are usually present as simple and complex O-glycosides. In fermented dietary materials, the glycosidic moiety is removed and accompanied in some cases by more complex changes to the polyphenol. As for most xenobiotics, polyphenols undergo phase II conjugation in the intestinal wall during their absorption from the gut. In contrast, a few polyphenols, such as puerarin in the kudzu vine, are C-glycosides and are stable in the gut and during absorption, distribution and excretion. Large bowel bacteria reduce polyphenol aglycones, causing opening of the heterocyclic B-ring and ring cleavage. The products are mostly absorbed and enter the bloodstream. Phase I and II metabolism events occur in the intestine and the liver - most polyphenols predominantly circulate as β-glucuronides and sulfate esters with very little as the aglycones, the presumed active forms. In addition, metabolism can occur in non-hepatic tissues and cells including breast tumor cells that have variable amounts of cytochrome P450s, sulfatase and sulfotransferase activities. Inflammatory cells produce chemical oxidants (HOCl, HOBr, ONO(2)(-)) that will react with polyphenols. The isoflavones daidzein and genistein and the flavonol quercetin form mono- and dichlorinated products in reaction with HOCl. Genistein is converted to 3'-nitrogenistein in the lung tissue of lipopolysaccharide-treated rats. Whereas polyphenols that can be converted to quinones or epoxides react with glutathione (GSH) to form adducts, chlorinated isoflavones do not react with GSH; instead, they are converted to β-glucuronides and are excreted in bile. Analysis of polyphenols and their metabolites is routinely carried out with great sensitivity, specificity and quantification by LC-tandem mass spectrometry. Critical questions about the absorption and tissue uptake of complex polyphenols such as the proanthocyanins can be answered by labeling these polyphenols with (14)C-sucrose in plant cell culture and then purifying them for use in animal experiments. The (14)C signature is quantified using accelerator mass spectrometry, a technique capable of detecting one (14)C atom in 10(15) carbon atoms. This permits the study of the penetration of the polyphenols into the interstitial fluid, the fluid that is actually in contact with non-vascular cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stephen Barnes
- Department of Pharmacology & Toxicology, MCLM 452, University of Alabama at Birmingham, 1918 University Boulevard, Birmingham, AL 35294, USA.
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Sadiq MW, Salehpour M, Forsgard N, Possnert G, Hammarlund-Udenaes M. Morphine Brain Pharmacokinetics at Very Low Concentrations Studied with Accelerator Mass Spectrometry and Liquid Chromatography-Tandem Mass Spectrometry. Drug Metab Dispos 2010; 39:174-9. [DOI: 10.1124/dmd.110.036434] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
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