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Bakacsy L, Kardos LV, Szepesi Á, Nagy KN, Vasas A, Feigl G. Investigation of the Allelopathic Effect of Two Invasive Plant Species in Rhizotron System. Life (Basel) 2024; 14:475. [PMID: 38672746 PMCID: PMC11051222 DOI: 10.3390/life14040475] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2024] [Revised: 03/25/2024] [Accepted: 04/02/2024] [Indexed: 04/28/2024] Open
Abstract
A key question in plant invasion biology is why invasive plants are more competitive in their introduced habitat than in their native habitat. Studies show that invasive species exhibit allelopathy, influencing other plants by releasing chemicals. Research on allelopathy uses in vitro tests, investigating effects on seed germination and seedling development. Although soil plays a role in modifying allelopathic effects, observations with soil are rare and almost nothing is known about the root development of test plants developing in soil and the effects of allelopathic compounds on root architecture. Our study evaluates the allelopathic effects of false indigo-bush (Amorpha fruticosa L.) and common milkweed (Asclepias syriaca L.) on oilseed rape growth as a model plant. The rhizotron system was used to study the effect of morphology and root architecture. Leaf-soil mixtures at 0.5%, 1%, and 5% concentrations were used. Shoot and root development was strongly inhibited at 5%. But there was no difference between the allelopathy of the two species, and the application of lower concentrations did not show any effect, demonstrating that soil has a significant modifying effect on their allelopathy. Our results highlight that the development of roots growing in the soil is also worth investigating in connection with allelopathy, which can strengthen the ecological importance of allelochemicals during successful invasions.
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Affiliation(s)
- László Bakacsy
- Department of Plant Biology, Institute of Biology, Faculty of Science and Informatics, University of Szeged, Közép fasor 52, 6726 Szeged, Hungary; (L.V.K.); (Á.S.); (K.N.N.)
| | - Luca Viktória Kardos
- Department of Plant Biology, Institute of Biology, Faculty of Science and Informatics, University of Szeged, Közép fasor 52, 6726 Szeged, Hungary; (L.V.K.); (Á.S.); (K.N.N.)
| | - Ágnes Szepesi
- Department of Plant Biology, Institute of Biology, Faculty of Science and Informatics, University of Szeged, Közép fasor 52, 6726 Szeged, Hungary; (L.V.K.); (Á.S.); (K.N.N.)
| | - Krisztina Napsugár Nagy
- Department of Plant Biology, Institute of Biology, Faculty of Science and Informatics, University of Szeged, Közép fasor 52, 6726 Szeged, Hungary; (L.V.K.); (Á.S.); (K.N.N.)
- Doctoral School of Environmental Sciences, University of Szeged, Rerrich Béla tér 1, 6720 Szeged, Hungary
| | - Andrea Vasas
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Szeged, Eötvös u. 6, 6720 Szeged, Hungary;
| | - Gábor Feigl
- Department of Plant Biology, Institute of Biology, Faculty of Science and Informatics, University of Szeged, Közép fasor 52, 6726 Szeged, Hungary; (L.V.K.); (Á.S.); (K.N.N.)
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Meng Y, Xiang C, Huo J, Shen S, Tang Y, Wu L. Toxicity effects of zinc supply on growth revealed by physiological and transcriptomic evidences in sweet potato (Ipomoea batatas (L.) Lam). Sci Rep 2023; 13:19203. [PMID: 37932351 PMCID: PMC10628244 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-46504-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2023] [Accepted: 11/01/2023] [Indexed: 11/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Zinc toxicity affects crop productivity and threatens food security and human health worldwide. Unfortunately, the accumulation patterns of zinc and the harmful effects of excessive zinc on sweet potato have not been well explored. In the present research, two genotypes of sweet potato varieties with different accumulation patterns of zinc were selected to analyze the effects of excessive zinc on sweet potato via hydroponic and field cultivation experiments. The results indicated that the transfer coefficient was closely related to the zinc concentration in the storage roots of sweet potato. Excessive zinc inhibited the growth of sweet potato plants by causing imbalanced mineral concentrations, destroying the cellular structure and reducing photosynthesis. Furthermore, a total of 17,945 differentially expressed genes were identified in the two genotypes under zinc stress by transcriptomic analysis. Differentially expressed genes involved in the absorption and transport of zinc, defense networks and transcription factors played important roles in the response to zinc stress. In conclusion, this study provides a reference for the selection of sweet potato varieties in zinc contaminated soil and lays a foundation for investigating the tolerance of sweet potato to excessive zinc, which is meaningful for environmental safety and human health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yusha Meng
- Institute of Crops and Nuclear Technology Utilization, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou, 310021, Zhejiang, China
- Key Laboratory of Creative Agriculture, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou, 310021, Zhejiang, China
| | - Chao Xiang
- Institute of Crops and Nuclear Technology Utilization, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou, 310021, Zhejiang, China
| | - Jinxi Huo
- Key Laboratory of Creative Agriculture, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou, 310021, Zhejiang, China
| | - Shengfa Shen
- Institute of Crops and Nuclear Technology Utilization, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou, 310021, Zhejiang, China
| | - Yong Tang
- Key Laboratory of Creative Agriculture, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou, 310021, Zhejiang, China
| | - Liehong Wu
- Institute of Crops and Nuclear Technology Utilization, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou, 310021, Zhejiang, China.
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Seregin IV, Kozhevnikova AD. Nicotianamine: A Key Player in Metal Homeostasis and Hyperaccumulation in Plants. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:10822. [PMID: 37446000 DOI: 10.3390/ijms241310822] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2023] [Revised: 06/22/2023] [Accepted: 06/25/2023] [Indexed: 07/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Nicotianamine (NA) is a low-molecular-weight N-containing metal-binding ligand, whose accumulation in plant organs changes under metal deficiency or excess. Although NA biosynthesis can be induced in vivo by various metals, this non-proteinogenic amino acid is mainly involved in the detoxification and transport of iron, zinc, nickel, copper and manganese. This review summarizes the current knowledge on NA biosynthesis and its regulation, considers the mechanisms of NA secretion by plant roots, as well as the mechanisms of intracellular transport of NA and its complexes with metals, and its role in radial and long-distance metal transport. Its role in metal tolerance is also discussed. The NA contents in excluders, storing metals primarily in roots, and in hyperaccumulators, accumulating metals mainly in shoots, are compared. The available data suggest that NA plays an important role in maintaining metal homeostasis and hyperaccumulation mechanisms. The study of metal-binding compounds is of interdisciplinary significance, not only regarding their effects on metal toxicity in plants, but also in connection with the development of biofortification approaches to increase the metal contents, primarily of iron and zinc, in agricultural plants, since the deficiency of these elements in food crops seriously affects human health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ilya V Seregin
- K.A. Timiryazev Institute of Plant Physiology, Russian Academy of Sciences, Botanicheskaya St., 35, 127276 Moscow, Russia
| | - Anna D Kozhevnikova
- K.A. Timiryazev Institute of Plant Physiology, Russian Academy of Sciences, Botanicheskaya St., 35, 127276 Moscow, Russia
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Mészáros E, Bodor A, Szierer Á, Kovács E, Perei K, Tölgyesi C, Bátori Z, Feigl G. Indirect effects of COVID-19 on the environment: How plastic contamination from disposable surgical masks affect early development of plants. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2022; 436:129255. [PMID: 35739774 PMCID: PMC9158377 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2022.129255] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2022] [Revised: 05/25/2022] [Accepted: 05/26/2022] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
Abstract
Personal protective equipment, used extensively during the COVID-19 pandemic, heavily burdened the environment due to improper waste management. Owing to their fibrous structure, layered non-woven polypropylene (PP) disposable masks release secondary fragments at a much higher rate than other plastic waste types, thus, posing a barely understood new form of ecological hazard. Here we show that PP mask fragments of different sizes induce morphogenic responses in plants during their early development. Using in vitro systems and soil-filled rhizotrons, we found that several PP mask treatments modified the root growth of Brassica napus (L.) regardless of the experimental system. The environment around the root and mask fragments seemed to influence the effect of PP fabric fragment contamination on early root growth. In soil, primary root length was clearly inhibited by larger PP mask fragments at 1 % concentration, while the two smallest sizes of applied mask fragments caused distinct, concentration-dependent changes in the lateral root numbers. Our results indicate that PP can act as a stressor: contamination by PP surgical masks affects plant growth and hence, warrants attention. Further investigations regarding the effects of plastic pollution on plant-soil interactions involving various soil types are urgently needed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Enikő Mészáros
- Department of Plant Biology, University of Szeged, Hungary
| | - Attila Bodor
- Institute of Biophysics, Biological Research Centre, Szeged, Hungary; Department of Biotechnology, University of Szeged, Hungary
| | - Ádám Szierer
- Department of Plant Biology, University of Szeged, Hungary
| | - Etelka Kovács
- Department of Biotechnology, University of Szeged, Hungary
| | - Katalin Perei
- Department of Biotechnology, University of Szeged, Hungary
| | | | - Zoltán Bátori
- Department of Ecology, University of Szeged, Hungary
| | - Gábor Feigl
- Department of Plant Biology, University of Szeged, Hungary.
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Bodor A, Bounedjoum N, Feigl G, Duzs Á, Laczi K, Szilágyi Á, Rákhely G, Perei K. Exploitation of extracellular organic matter from Micrococcus luteus to enhance ex situ bioremediation of soils polluted with used lubricants. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2021; 417:125996. [PMID: 33992922 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2021.125996] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2021] [Revised: 04/22/2021] [Accepted: 04/23/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Chronic pollution by used lubricant oils (ULOs) poses a serious challenge to the environment. Under stress conditions, microorganisms, including potential degraders, can enter a viable but non-culturable (VBNC) state, complicating the bioremediation of ULO-polluted areas. Resuscitation-promoting factors (Rpfs) can reverse this transition and/or enhance the biodegradation performance of both native and augmented strains. Here, Rpf-containing extracellular organic matter (EOM) from Micrococcus luteus was used to enhance the ex situ ULO removal in biostimulated and bioaugmented (with Rhodococcus qingshengii KAG C, R. erythropolis PR4) soils. ULO bioconversion, microbial activity, and CFUs were significantly higher in EOM-treated soils compared to corresponding control soils. After 60 days, the initial ULO concentration (52,500 mg kg-1) was reduced by 37% and 45% with EOM-supplemented biostimulation and bioaugmentation, respectively. Based on high-throughput 16S rRNA analysis, the enhancement was attributable both to the reactivation of EOM-responsive hydrocarbonoclastic bacterial genera (e.g., Pseudomonas, Comamonas, Stenotrophomonas, Gordonia) and to the long-term positive effect of EOM on the degradative efficacy of the introduced rhodococci. Ecotoxicological responses revealed that reduced ULO concentration did not correlate with decreased soil toxicity. Our findings provide an insight into the applicability of EOM in bioremediation and its effects on the soil microbial activity and community composition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Attila Bodor
- Department of Biotechnology, University of Szeged, Szeged, Hungary; Institute of Biophysics, Biological Research Centre, Eötvös Loránd Research Network, Szeged, Hungary
| | - Naila Bounedjoum
- Department of Biotechnology, University of Szeged, Szeged, Hungary
| | - Gábor Feigl
- Department of Plant Biology, University of Szeged, Szeged, Hungary
| | - Ágnes Duzs
- Department of Biotechnology, University of Szeged, Szeged, Hungary; Institute of Biophysics, Biological Research Centre, Eötvös Loránd Research Network, Szeged, Hungary
| | - Krisztián Laczi
- Department of Biotechnology, University of Szeged, Szeged, Hungary; Institute of Plant Biology, Biological Research Centre, Eötvös Loránd Research Network, Szeged, Hungary
| | - Árpád Szilágyi
- Department of Biotechnology, University of Szeged, Szeged, Hungary
| | - Gábor Rákhely
- Department of Biotechnology, University of Szeged, Szeged, Hungary; Institute of Biophysics, Biological Research Centre, Eötvös Loránd Research Network, Szeged, Hungary.
| | - Katalin Perei
- Department of Biotechnology, University of Szeged, Szeged, Hungary
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Abstract
This review highlights the most recent updated information available about Zn phytotoxicity at physiological, biochemical and molecular levels, uptake mechanisms as well as excess Zn homeostasis in plants. Zinc (Zn) is a natural component of soil in terrestrial environments and is a vital element for plant growth, as it performs imperative functions in numerous metabolic pathways. However, potentially noxious levels of Zn in soils can result in various alterations in plants like reduced growth, photosynthetic and respiratory rate, imbalanced mineral nutrition and enhanced generation of reactive oxygen species. Zn enters into soils through various sources, such as weathering of rocks, forest fires, volcanoes, mining and smelting activities, manure, sewage sludge and phosphatic fertilizers. The rising alarm in environmental facet, as well as, the narrow gap between Zn essentiality and toxicity in plants has drawn the attention of the scientific community to its effects on plants and crucial role in agricultural sustainability. Hence, this review focuses on the most recent updates about various physiological and biochemical functions perturbed by high levels of Zn, its mechanisms of uptake and transport as well as molecular aspects of surplus Zn homeostasis in plants. Moreover, this review attempts to understand the mechanisms of Zn toxicity in plants and to present novel perspectives intended to drive future investigations on the topic. The findings will further throw light on various mechanisms adopted by plants to cope with Zn stress which will be of great significance to breeders for enhancing tolerance to Zn contamination.
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Affiliation(s)
- Harmanjit Kaur
- Department of Botany, Akal University, Bathinda, 151302, Punjab, India
| | - Neera Garg
- Department of Botany, Panjab University, Chandigarh, 160014, India.
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Feigl G, Varga V, Molnár Á, Dimitrakopoulos PG, Kolbert Z. Different Nitro-Oxidative Response of Odontarrhena lesbiaca Plants from Geographically Separated Habitats to Excess Nickel. Antioxidants (Basel) 2020; 9:E837. [PMID: 32906835 PMCID: PMC7554898 DOI: 10.3390/antiox9090837] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2020] [Revised: 09/04/2020] [Accepted: 09/05/2020] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Odontarrhena lesbiaca is an endemic species to the serpentine soils of Lesbos Island (Greece). As a nickel (Ni) hyperaccumulator, it possesses an exceptional Ni tolerance; and it can accumulate up to 0.2-2.4% Ni of its leaves' dry weight. In our study, O. lesbiaca seeds from two geographically separated study sites (Ampeliko and Loutra) were germinated and grown on control and Ni-containing (3000 mg/kg) soil in a rhizotron system. Ni excess induced significant Ni uptake and translocation in both O. lesbiaca ecotypes and affected their root architecture differently: plants from the Ampeliko site proved to be more tolerant; since their root growth was less inhibited compared to plants originated from the Loutra site. In the roots of the Ampeliko ecotype nitric oxide (NO) was being accumulated, while the degree of protein tyrosine nitration decreased; suggesting that NO in this case acts as a signaling molecule. Moreover, the detected decrease in protein tyrosine nitration may serve as an indicator of this ecotype's better relative tolerance compared to the more sensitive plants originated from Loutra. Results suggest that Ni hypertolerance and the ability of hyperaccumulation might be connected to the plants' capability of maintaining their nitrosative balance; yet, relatively little is known about the relationship between excess Ni, tolerance mechanisms and the balance of reactive nitrogen species in plants so far.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gábor Feigl
- Department of Plant Biology, University of Szeged, Közép fasor 52, H6726 Szeged, Hungary; (V.V.); (Á.M.); (Z.K.)
| | - Viktória Varga
- Department of Plant Biology, University of Szeged, Közép fasor 52, H6726 Szeged, Hungary; (V.V.); (Á.M.); (Z.K.)
| | - Árpád Molnár
- Department of Plant Biology, University of Szeged, Közép fasor 52, H6726 Szeged, Hungary; (V.V.); (Á.M.); (Z.K.)
| | | | - Zsuzsanna Kolbert
- Department of Plant Biology, University of Szeged, Közép fasor 52, H6726 Szeged, Hungary; (V.V.); (Á.M.); (Z.K.)
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Reorganization of Protein Tyrosine Nitration Pattern Indicates the Relative Tolerance of Brassica napus (L.) over Helianthus annuus (L.) to Combined Heavy Metal Treatment. PLANTS 2020; 9:plants9070902. [PMID: 32708788 PMCID: PMC7411833 DOI: 10.3390/plants9070902] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2020] [Revised: 07/14/2020] [Accepted: 07/15/2020] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
Metal-polluted areas, especially where municipal sewage is used as fertilizer, often have high concentrations of more than one metal. The development of the root system is regulated by a complex signaling network, which includes reactive oxygen and nitrogen species. The delicate balance of the endogenous signal system can be affected by various environmental stimuli including heavy metals (HMs) in excess. Our goal was to analyze the microelement homeostasis, root architecture, and to determine the underlying changes in the nitro-oxidative status in the root system of rapeseed (Brassica napus L.) and sunflower (Helianthus annuus L.) subjected to combined HM treatments. The effect of model-sewage in two different layouts was simulated in rhizotron system by only supplementing the highest HM concentrations (Cd, Cr, Cu, Hg, Ni, Pb, and Zn) legally allowed. The two species reacted differently to combined HM treatment; compared to the relatively sensitive sunflower, rapeseed showed better metal translocation capability and root growth even at the more severe treatment, where the pattern of protein tyrosine nitration was reorganized. The obtained results, especially the increased nitric oxide content and changed pattern of tyrosine nitration in rapeseed, can indicate acclimation and species-specific nitro-oxidative responses to combined HM stress.
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Dietterich LH, Li A, Garvey SM, Casper BB. Aboveground Competition and Herbivory Overpower Plant-Soil Feedback Contributions to Succession in a Remediated Grassland. Front Ecol Evol 2019. [DOI: 10.3389/fevo.2019.00459] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
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