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Hayase T. Interrelated involvement of the endocannabinoid/endovanilloid (TRPV1) systems and epigenetic processes in anxiety- and working memory impairment-related behavioural effects of nicotine as a stressor. Addict Biol 2024; 29:10.1111/adb.13421. [PMID: 38963015 PMCID: PMC11222983 DOI: 10.1111/adb.13421] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2023] [Revised: 06/03/2024] [Accepted: 06/04/2024] [Indexed: 07/05/2024]
Abstract
The addictive use of nicotine contained in tobacco is associated with stressor-like emotional and cognitive effects such as anxiety and working memory impairment, and the involvement of epigenetic mechanisms such as histone acetylation has recently been reported. Although the precise nature of behavioural plasticity remains unclear, both anxiogenic- and working memory impairment-like effects were observed in the present experimental model of mice treated with repeated subcutaneous nicotine and/or immobilization stress, and these effects were commonly attenuated by the histone deacetylase (HDAC) inhibitors that induce histone acetylation. Such HDAC inhibitor-induced resilience was mimicked by ligands for the endocannabinoid (ECB) system, a neurotransmitter system that is closely associated with nicotine-induced addiction-related behaviours: the anxiogenic-like effects were mitigated by the cannabinoid type 1 (CB1) agonist arachidonylcyclopropylamide (ACPA), whereas the working memory impairment-like effects were mitigated by the CB1 antagonist SR 141716A. Moreover, the effects of the HDAC inhibitors were also mimicked by ligands for the endovanilloid (transient receptor potential vanilloid 1 [TRPV1]) system, a system that shares common characteristics with the ECB system: the anxiogenic-like effects were mitigated by the TRPV1 antagonist capsazepine, whereas the working memory impairment-like effects were mitigated by the TRPV1 agonist olvanil. Notably, the HDAC inhibitor-induced anxiolytic-like effects were attenuated by SR 141716A, which were further counteracted by capsazepine, whereas the working memory improvement-like effects were attenuated by capsazepine, which were further counteracted by SR 141716A. These results suggest the contribution of interrelated control of the ECB/TRPV1 systems and epigenetic processes such as histone acetylation to novel therapeutic approaches.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tamaki Hayase
- Department of Legal MedicineKyoto UniversityKyotoJapan
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2
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Nishiura Y, Gonzalez KJ, Cusumano AQ, Stoltz BM. Enantioselective 1,3-Dipolar Cycloadditions of α-Methylene Lactams to Construct Spirocycles. Org Lett 2023; 25:6469-6473. [PMID: 37643480 PMCID: PMC10496134 DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.3c01978] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2023] [Indexed: 08/31/2023]
Abstract
Spirocyclic scaffolds are important motifs due to their potential to bestow favorable effects on pharmaceutical compounds. However, there is a need for efficient methods for their enantioselective construction. We report a method for the asymmetric 1,3-dipolar cycloaddition of diazoacetates or nitrile oxides with α-methylene lactams to prepare chiral spirocyclic heterocycles. The methodology is high yielding (up to 91% yield) and enantioselective (up to 89% ee) for a wide range of N-substituents and 6- and 7-membered ring lactam substrates.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Alexander Q. Cusumano
- The Warren and Katharine
Schlinger Laboratory for Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Division
of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, California
Institute of Technology, Pasadena, California 91125, United States
| | - Brian M. Stoltz
- The Warren and Katharine
Schlinger Laboratory for Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Division
of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, California
Institute of Technology, Pasadena, California 91125, United States
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3
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Godoy R, Macedo AB, Gervazio KY, Ribeiro LR, Lima JLF, Salvadori MGSS. Effects of ortho-eugenol on anxiety, working memory and oxidative stress in mice. BRAZ J BIOL 2023; 83:e271785. [PMID: 37610945 DOI: 10.1590/1519-6984.271785] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2023] [Accepted: 06/21/2023] [Indexed: 08/25/2023] Open
Abstract
Ortho-eugenol is a synthetic derivative from eugenol, the major compound of clove essential oil, which has demonstrated antidepressant and antinociceptive effects in pioneering studies. Additionally, its effects appear to be dependent on the noradrenergic and dopaminergic systems. Depression and anxiety disorders are known to share a great overlap in their pathophysiology, and many drugs are effective in the treatment of both diseases. Furthermore, high levels of anxiety are related to working memory deficits and increased oxidative stress. Thus, in this study we investigated the effects of acute treatment of ortho-eugenol, at 50, 75 and 100 mg/kg, on anxiety, working memory and oxidative stress in male Swiss mice. Our results show that the 100 mg/kg dose increased the number of head-dips and reduced the latency in the hole-board test. The 50 mg/kg dose reduced malondialdehyde levels in the prefrontal cortex and the number of Y-maze entries compared to the MK-801-induced hyperlocomotion group. All doses reduced nitrite levels in the hippocampus. It was also possible to assess a statistical correlation between the reduction of oxidative stress and hyperlocomotion after the administration of ortho-eugenol. However, acute treatment was not able to prevent working memory deficits. Therefore, the present study shows that ortho-eugenol has an anxiolytic and antioxidant effect, and was able to prevent substance-induced hyperlocomotion. Our results contribute to the elucidation of the pharmacological profile of ortho-eugenol, as well as to direct further studies that seek to investigate its possible clinical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- R Godoy
- Universidade Federal da Paraíba, Instituto de Pesquisa em Fármacos e Medicamentos, Laboratório de Psicofarmacologia, João Pessoa, PB, Brasil
| | - A B Macedo
- Universidade Federal da Paraíba, Instituto de Pesquisa em Fármacos e Medicamentos, Laboratório de Psicofarmacologia, João Pessoa, PB, Brasil
| | - K Y Gervazio
- Universidade Federal da Paraíba, Instituto de Pesquisa em Fármacos e Medicamentos, Laboratório de Psicofarmacologia, João Pessoa, PB, Brasil
- Universidade Federal da Paraíba, Centro de Ciências da Saúde, Programa de Pós-graduação em Produtos Bioativos Naturais e Sintéticos - PgPNSB, João Pessoa, PB, Brasil
| | - L R Ribeiro
- Universidade Federal da Paraíba, Instituto de Pesquisa em Fármacos e Medicamentos, Laboratório de Psicofarmacologia, João Pessoa, PB, Brasil
| | - J L F Lima
- Universidade Federal da Paraíba, Instituto de Pesquisa em Fármacos e Medicamentos, Laboratório de Psicofarmacologia, João Pessoa, PB, Brasil
- Universidade Federal da Paraíba, Centro de Ciências da Saúde, Programa de Pós-graduação em Produtos Bioativos Naturais e Sintéticos - PgPNSB, João Pessoa, PB, Brasil
| | - M G S S Salvadori
- Universidade Federal da Paraíba, Instituto de Pesquisa em Fármacos e Medicamentos, Laboratório de Psicofarmacologia, João Pessoa, PB, Brasil
- Universidade Federal da Paraíba, Centro de Ciências da Saúde, Programa de Pós-graduação em Produtos Bioativos Naturais e Sintéticos - PgPNSB, João Pessoa, PB, Brasil
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4
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Novel non-stimulants rescue hyperactive phenotype in an adgrl3.1 mutant zebrafish model of ADHD. Neuropsychopharmacology 2022:10.1038/s41386-022-01505-z. [PMID: 36400921 PMCID: PMC10267219 DOI: 10.1038/s41386-022-01505-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2022] [Revised: 11/02/2022] [Accepted: 11/04/2022] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
ADHD is a highly prevalent neurodevelopmental disorder. The first-line therapeutic for ADHD, methylphenidate, can cause serious side effects including weight loss, insomnia, and hypertension. Therefore, the development of non-stimulant-based therapeutics has been prioritized. However, many of these also cause other effects, most notably somnolence. Here, we have used a uniquely powerful genetic model and unbiased drug screen to identify novel ADHD non-stimulant therapeutics. We first found that adgrl3.1 null (adgrl3.1-/-) zebrafish larvae showed a robust hyperactive phenotype. Although the hyperactivity was rescued by three ADHD non-stimulant therapeutics, all interfered significantly with sleep. Second, we used wild-type zebrafish larvae to characterize a simple behavioral phenotype generated by atomoxetine and screened the 1200 compound Prestwick Chemical Library® for a matching behavioral profile resulting in 67 hits. These hits were re-assayed in the adgrl3.1-/-. Using the previously identified non-stimulants as a positive control, we identified four compounds that matched the effect of atomoxetine: aceclofenac, amlodipine, doxazosin, and moxonidine. We additionally demonstrated cognitive effects of moxonidine in mice using a T-maze spontaneous alternation task. Moxonidine, has high affinity for imidazoline 1 receptors. We, therefore, assayed a pure imidazoline 1 agonist, LNP599, which generated an effect closely matching other non-stimulant ADHD therapeutics suggesting a role for this receptor system in ADHD. In summary, we introduce a genetic model of ADHD in zebrafish and identify five putative therapeutics. The findings offer a novel tool for understanding the neural circuits of ADHD, suggest a novel mechanism for its etiology, and identify novel therapeutics.
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Ahsan MJ, Ali A, Ali A, Thiriveedhi A, Bakht MA, Yusuf M, Salahuddin, Afzal O, Altamimi AS. Pyrazoline Containing Compounds as Therapeutic Targets for Neurodegenerative Disorders. ACS OMEGA 2022; 7:38207-38245. [PMID: 36340076 PMCID: PMC9631758 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.2c05339] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2022] [Accepted: 10/03/2022] [Indexed: 09/21/2023]
Abstract
Pyrazolines are a significant class of heterocyclic compounds with essential biological activities. They are quite stable, which has inspired medicinal chemists to experiment with the ring's structure in many different ways to create a variety of pharmacological activities. The structures of numerous commercially available therapeutic agents contain a pyrazoline ring. Pyrazolines are well-known for their ability to treat neurodegenerative diseases. The neurodegenerative diseases that affect huge populations globally include Alzheimer's disease (AD), Parkinson's disease (PD), and psychiatric disorders. The neuroprotective properties of pyrazolines published since 2003 are covered in the current review. Structure-activity relationships (SARs), molecular docking simulation, anticholinesterase (anti-AChE), and monoamine oxidase (MAO A/B) inhibitory actions are all covered in this article. Pyrazolines were discovered to have beneficial effects in the management of AD and were revealed to be inhibitors of acetylcholine esterase (AChE) and beta-amyloid (Aβ) plaques. They were discovered to be efficient against PD and also targeted MAO B and COMT. It was discovered that the pyrazolines block MAO A to treat psychiatric diseases. Pyrazolines are significant heteroaromatic scaffolds with a variety of biological functions. They were discovered to be remarkably stable and serve as an indispensable anchor for the development of new drugs. By blocking AChE and MAOs, they may be used to treat neurodegenerative diseases. The discussion outlined here is an essential and helpful resource for medicinal chemists who are investigating and applying pyrazolines in neurodegenerative research initiatives as well as to expedite future research programs on neurodegenerative disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohamed Jawed Ahsan
- Department
of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Maharishi Arvind
College of Pharmacy, Jaipur, Rajasthan 302 039, India
| | - Amena Ali
- Department
of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, College of Pharmacy, Taif University, P.O. Box 11099, Taif 21944, Saudi Arabia
| | - Abuzer Ali
- Department
of Pharmacognosy, College of Pharmacy, Taif
University, P.O. Box 11099, Taif 21944, Saudi Arabia
| | - Arunkumar Thiriveedhi
- Vignan’s
Foundation for Science, Technology & Research Deemed to be University
Guntur, Vadlamudi, Andhra Pradesh 522213, India
| | - Mohammed A. Bakht
- Department
of Chemistry, College of Science and Humanity Studies, Prince Sattam Bin Abdulaziz University, P.O. Box 83, Al-Kharj 11942, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohammad Yusuf
- Department
of Clinical Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, Taif University, P.O. Box 11099, Taif 21944, Saudi Arabia
| | - Salahuddin
- Department
of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Noida Institute
of Technology (Pharmacy Institute), Knowledge Park-2, Greater Noida, Uttar
Pradesh 201 306, India
| | - Obaid Afzal
- Department
of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, College of
Pharmacy, Prince Sattam Bin Abdulaziz University, P.O. Box- 173, Al-Kharj 11942, Saudi Arabia
| | - Abdulmalik Saleh
Alfawaz Altamimi
- Department
of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, College of
Pharmacy, Prince Sattam Bin Abdulaziz University, P.O. Box- 173, Al-Kharj 11942, Saudi Arabia
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6
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Deiana S, Hauber W, Munster A, Sommer S, Ferger B, Marti A, Schmid B, Dorner-Ciossek C, Rosenbrock H. Pro-cognitive effects of the GlyT1 inhibitor Bitopertin in rodents. Eur J Pharmacol 2022; 935:175306. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejphar.2022.175306] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2022] [Revised: 09/26/2022] [Accepted: 09/26/2022] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
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7
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Bajaj S, Jain S, Vyas P, Bawa S, Vohora D. The role of endocannabinoid pathway in the neuropathology of Alzheimer's disease: Can the inhibitors of MAGL and FAAH prove to be potential therapeutic targets against the cognitive impairment associated with Alzheimer's disease? Brain Res Bull 2021; 174:305-322. [PMID: 34217798 DOI: 10.1016/j.brainresbull.2021.06.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2021] [Revised: 06/25/2021] [Accepted: 06/29/2021] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Alzheimer's disease is a neurodegenerative disease characterized by progressive decline of cognitive function in combination with neuronal death. Current approved treatment target single dysregulated pathway instead of multiple mechanism, resulting in lack of efficacy in slowing down disease progression. The proclivity of endocannabinoid system to exert neuroprotective action and mitigate symptoms of neurodegeneration condition has received substantial interest. Growing evidence suggest the endocannabinoids (eCB) system, viz. anadamide (AEA) and arachidonoyl glycerol (2-AG), as potential therapeutic targets with the ability to modify Alzheimer's pathology by targeting the inflammatory, neurodegenerative and cognitive aspects of the disease. In order to modulate endocannabinoid system, number of agents have been reported amongst which are inhibitors of the monoacylglycerol (MAGL) and fatty acid amide hydrolase (FAAH), the enzymes that hydrolyses 2-AG and AEA respectively. However, little is known regarding the exact mechanistic signalling and their effects on pathophysiology and cognitive decline associated with Alzheimer's disease. Both MAGL and FAAH inhibitors possess fascinating properties that may offer a multi-faceted approach for the treatment of Alzheimer's disease such as potential to protect neurons from deleterious effect of amyloid-β, reducing phosphorylation of tau, reducing amyloid-β induced oxidative stress, stimulating neurotrophin to support brain intrinsic repair mechanism etc. Based on empirical evidence, MAGL and FAAH inhibitors might have potential for therapeutic efficacy against cognitive impairment associated with Alzheimer's disease. The aim of this review is to summarize the experimental studies demonstrating the polyvalent properties of MAGL or FAAH inhibitor compounds for the treatment of Alzheimer's disease, and also effect of these on learning and types of memories, which together encourage to study these compounds over other therapeutics targets. Further research in this direction would enhance the molecular mechanisms and development of applicable interventions for the treatment of Alzheimer's disease, which nevertheless stay as the primary unmet need.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shivanshu Bajaj
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmaceutical Education and Research, Jamia Hamdard, New Delhi, India
| | - Shreshta Jain
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmaceutical Education and Research, Jamia Hamdard, New Delhi, India
| | - Preeti Vyas
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmaceutical Education and Research, Jamia Hamdard, New Delhi, India
| | - Sandhya Bawa
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, School of Pharmaceutical Education and Research, Jamia Hamdard, New Delhi, India
| | - Divya Vohora
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmaceutical Education and Research, Jamia Hamdard, New Delhi, India.
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8
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Rong X, Jiang L, Qu M, Hassan SSU, Liu Z. Enhancing Therapeutic Efficacy of Donepezil by Combined Therapy: A Comprehensive Review. Curr Pharm Des 2021; 27:332-344. [PMID: 33100197 DOI: 10.2174/1381612826666201023144836] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2020] [Accepted: 08/19/2020] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Combination therapy involving different therapeutic strategies mostly provides more rapid and effective results as compared to monotherapy in diverse areas of clinical practice. The most worldwide famous acetylcholinesterase inhibitor (AChEIs) donepezil for its dominant role in Alzheimer's disease (AD) has also attracted the attention of many pharmaceuticals due to its promising pharmacological potencies such as neuroprotective, muscle relaxant, and sleep inducer. Recently, a combination of donepezil with other agents has displayed better desirable results in managing several disorders, including the most common Alzheimer's disease (AD). This study involves all the data regarding the therapeutic effect of donepezil in its combination with other agents and explains its therapeutic targets and mode of action. Furthermore, this review also puts light on the current status of donepezil with other agents in clinical trials. The combination therapy of donepezil with symptomatic relief drugs and disease-modifying agents opens a new road for treating multiple pathological disorders. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first report encircling all the pharmacologic effects of donepezil in its combination therapy with other agents and their current status in clinical trials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xi Rong
- Department of Neurology, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, 266000, Shandong, China
| | - Liwei Jiang
- Department of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, No. 16 Jiangsu Road, Qingdao, 266000, Shandong, China
| | - Meijie Qu
- Department of Neurology, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, 266000, Shandong, China
| | - Syed Shams Ul Hassan
- Shanghai Key Laboratory for Molecular Engineering of Chiral Drugs, School of Pharmacy, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200240, China
| | - Zongchao Liu
- Department of Neurology, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, 266000, Shandong, China
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9
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Nehra B, Rulhania S, Jaswal S, Kumar B, Singh G, Monga V. Recent advancements in the development of bioactive pyrazoline derivatives. Eur J Med Chem 2020; 205:112666. [PMID: 32795767 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2020.112666] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2020] [Revised: 07/10/2020] [Accepted: 07/12/2020] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
Pyrazolines remain privileged heterocycles in drug discovery. 2-Pyrazoline scaffold has been proven as a ubiquitous motif which is present in a number of pharmacologically important drug molecules such as antipyrine, ramifenazone, ibipinabant, axitinib etc. They have been widely explored by the scientific community and are reported to possess wide spectrum of biological activities. For combating unprecedented diseases and worldwide increasing drug resistance, 2-pyrazoline has been tackled as a fascinating pharmacophore to generate new molecules with improved potency and lesser toxicity along with desired pharmacokinetic profile. This review aims to summarizes various recent advancements in the medicinal chemistry of pyrazoline based compounds with the following objectives: (1) To represent inclusive data on pyrazoline based marketed drugs as well as therapeutic candidates undergoing preclinical and clinical developments; (2) To discuss recent advances in the medicinal chemistry of pyrazoline derivatives with their numerous biological significances for the eradication of various diseases; (3) Summarizes structure-activity relationships (SAR) including in silico and mechanistic studies to afford ideas for the design and development of novel compounds with desired therapeutic implications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bhupender Nehra
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, ISF College of Pharmacy, GT Road, Ghal Kalan, Moga, 142001, Punjab, India
| | - Sandeep Rulhania
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, ISF College of Pharmacy, GT Road, Ghal Kalan, Moga, 142001, Punjab, India
| | - Shalini Jaswal
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, ISF College of Pharmacy, GT Road, Ghal Kalan, Moga, 142001, Punjab, India
| | - Bhupinder Kumar
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, ISF College of Pharmacy, GT Road, Ghal Kalan, Moga, 142001, Punjab, India
| | - Gurpreet Singh
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, ISF College of Pharmacy, GT Road, Ghal Kalan, Moga, 142001, Punjab, India
| | - Vikramdeep Monga
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, ISF College of Pharmacy, GT Road, Ghal Kalan, Moga, 142001, Punjab, India.
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Genistein and Galantamine Combinations Decrease β-Amyloid Peptide (1-42)-Induced Genotoxicity and Cell Death in SH-SY5Y Cell Line: an In Vitro and In Silico Approach for Mimic of Alzheimer's Disease. Neurotox Res 2020; 38:691-706. [PMID: 32613603 DOI: 10.1007/s12640-020-00243-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2020] [Revised: 06/09/2020] [Accepted: 06/12/2020] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
Alzheimer's disease (AD) is the primary dementia-causing disease worldwide, involving a multifactorial combination of environmental, genetic, and epigenetic factors, with essential participation of age and sex. Biochemically, AD is characterized by the presence of abnormal deposition of beta amyloid peptide (Aβ(1-42)), which in the brain is strongly correlated with oxidative stress, inflammation, DNA damage, and cholinergic impairment. The multiple mechanisms involved in its etiology create significant difficulty in producing an effective treatment. Neuroprotective properties of genistein and galantamine have been widely demonstrated through different mechanisms; however, it is unknown a possible synergistic neuroprotective effect against Aβ(1-42). In order to understand how genistein and galantamine combinations regulate the mechanisms of neuroprotection, we conducted a set of bioassays in vitro to evaluate cell viability, clonogenic survival, cell death, and anti-genotoxicity. Through molecular docking and therapeutic viability assays, we analyzed the inhibitory activity exerted by genistein on three major protein targets (AChE, BChE, and NMDA) involved in AD. The results showed that genistein and galantamine afforded significant protection at higher concentrations; however, combinations of sub-effective concentrations of both compounds provided marked neuroprotection when they were combined. In silico approaches showed that genistein has higher scores than the positive controls and low toxicity levels; nevertheless, the therapeutic viability indicated that unlike galantamine, genistein cannot undergo the action by P glycoprotein (PGP) and probably may be unable to cross the blood-brain barrier. In conclusion, our results show that genistein and galantamine exert neuroprotective by decreasing genotoxicity and cell death. In silico analysis, suggest that genistein modulates positively the expression of AChE, BChE, and NMDA. In this context, a combination of two or more drugs could inspire an attractive therapeutic strategy.
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11
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Droguerre M, Duchêne A, Picoli C, Portal B, Lejards C, Guiard BP, Meunier J, Villard V, Déglon N, Hamon M, Mouthon F, Charvériat M. Efficacy of THN201, a Combination of Donepezil and Mefloquine, to Reverse Neurocognitive Deficits in Alzheimer's Disease. Front Neurosci 2020; 14:563. [PMID: 32612499 PMCID: PMC7309601 DOI: 10.3389/fnins.2020.00563] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2020] [Accepted: 05/07/2020] [Indexed: 01/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Donepezil (DPZ) is an acetylcholinesterase inhibitor used in Alzheimer’s disease to restore cognitive functions but is endowed with limited efficacy. Recent studies pointed out the implication of astroglial networks in cognitive processes, notably via astrocyte connexins (Cxs), proteins involved in gap junction intercellular communications. Hence, we investigated the impact on cognition of pharmacological or genetic modulations of those astrocyte Cxs during DPZ challenge in two rodent models of Alzheimer’s disease–like memory deficits. We demonstrated that the Cx modulator mefloquine (MEF) significantly enhanced the procognitive effect of DPZ in both models. In parallel, we determined that MEF potentiated DPZ-induced release of acetylcholine in hippocampus. Finally, local genetic silencing of astrocyte Cxs in the hippocampus was also found to enhance the procognitive effect of DPZ, pointing out the importance of Cx-dependent astrocyte networks in memory processes.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Benjamin Portal
- Centre de Recherches sur la Cognition Animale (CRCA), Centre de Biologie Intégrative (CBI), CNRS, UPS, Université de Toulouse, Toulouse, France
| | - Camille Lejards
- Centre de Recherches sur la Cognition Animale (CRCA), Centre de Biologie Intégrative (CBI), CNRS, UPS, Université de Toulouse, Toulouse, France
| | - Bruno P Guiard
- Centre de Recherches sur la Cognition Animale (CRCA), Centre de Biologie Intégrative (CBI), CNRS, UPS, Université de Toulouse, Toulouse, France
| | | | | | - Nicole Déglon
- Laboratory of Neurotherapies and NeuroModulation, Neuroscience Research Center (CRN), University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland.,Laboratory of Neurotherapies and NeuroModulation, Department of Clinical Neuroscience (DNC), Lausanne University Hospital (CHUV), Lausanne, Switzerland
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12
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Butler K, Le Foll B. Novel therapeutic and drug development strategies for tobacco use disorder: endocannabinoid modulation. Expert Opin Drug Discov 2020; 15:1065-1080. [DOI: 10.1080/17460441.2020.1767581] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Kevin Butler
- Translational Addiction Research Laboratory, Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Bernard Le Foll
- Translational Addiction Research Laboratory, Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
- Acute Care Program, Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, Toronto, ON, Canada
- Campbell Family Mental Health Research Institute, Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, Toronto, ON, Canada
- Department of Family and Community Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
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13
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Shahveisi K, Farnia V, Khazaie H, Ghazvini H, Nozari M, Khodamoradi M. Novel object recognition memory in REM sleep-deprived rats: Role of the cannabinoid CB 1 receptor. Behav Brain Res 2019; 381:112311. [PMID: 31711896 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbr.2019.112311] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2019] [Revised: 09/12/2019] [Accepted: 10/15/2019] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
A survey of the literature indicates that both rapid eye movement sleep deprivation (RSD) and activation of cannabinoid CB1 receptor (CB1R) may impair novel object recognition (NOR) memory in rodents. To our knowledge, so far, no previous study has investigated the probable effects of RSD on the different phases of NOR memory. Moreover, far too little attention has been paid to the potential role of the CB1R in the effects of RSD on object memory. Therefore, the major objective of this study was to investigate the probable role of the CB1R in the acquisition, consolidation, retrieval, and reconsolidation of NOR memory in the RSD rats. A 12-h paradigm of RSD using the multiple platform method did not affect acquisition, but it impaired the consolidation, retrieval, and reconsolidation of NOR memory. Administration of the CB1R antagonist rimonabant (1 or 3 mg/kg, i.p.) did not have significant effects on the acquisition and reconsolidation, but it improved RSD-induced impairment of the consolidation and retrieval of object memory, especially at the dose of 3 mg/kg. In addition, the RSD paradigm did not affect the levels of plasma corticosterone as an important marker of stress in rat. The results revealed that RSD may have different effects on the different phases of NOR memory which may not be attributable to the effects of stress. Our findings would seem to suggest that the CB1R can be targeted to, at least partially, modulate the adverse effects of RSD on the process of NOR memory.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kaveh Shahveisi
- Sleep Disorders Research Center, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran
| | - Vahid Farnia
- Substance Abuse Prevention Research Center, Health Institute, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran
| | - Habibolah Khazaie
- Sleep Disorders Research Center, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran
| | - Hamed Ghazvini
- Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences Research Center, Addiction Institute, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Mazandaran, Iran; Department of Neuroscience, School of Advanced Technologies in Medicine, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Mazandaran, Iran
| | - Masoumeh Nozari
- Neuroscience Research Center, Institute of Neuropharmacology, Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Afzalipour School of Medicine, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran
| | - Mehdi Khodamoradi
- Substance Abuse Prevention Research Center, Health Institute, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran.
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14
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Rosenbrock H, Giovannini R, Schänzle G, Koros E, Runge F, Fuchs H, Marti A, Reymann KG, Schröder UH, Fedele E, Dorner-Ciossek C. The Novel Phosphodiesterase 9A Inhibitor BI 409306 Increases Cyclic Guanosine Monophosphate Levels in the Brain, Promotes Synaptic Plasticity, and Enhances Memory Function in Rodents. J Pharmacol Exp Ther 2019; 371:633-641. [PMID: 31578258 DOI: 10.1124/jpet.119.260059] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2019] [Accepted: 09/25/2019] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
N-methyl-d-aspartate (NMDA) receptor-dependent long-term potentiation (LTP) is an established cellular model underlying learning and memory, and involves intracellular signaling mediated by the second messenger cyclic guanosine monophosphate (cGMP). As phosphodiesterase (PDE)9A selectively hydrolyses cGMP in areas of the brain related to cognition, PDE9A inhibitors may improve cognitive function by enhancing NMDA receptor-dependent LTP. This study aimed to pharmacologically characterize BI 409306, a novel PDE9A inhibitor, using in vitro assays and in vivo determination of cGMP levels in the brain. Further, the effects of BI 409306 on synaptic plasticity evaluated by LTP in ex vivo hippocampal slices and on cognitive performance in rodents were also investigated. In vitro assays demonstrated that BI 409306 is a potent and selective inhibitor of human and rat PDE9A with mean concentrations at half-maximal inhibition (IC50) of 65 and 168 nM. BI 409306 increased cGMP levels in rat prefrontal cortex and cerebrospinal fluid and attenuated a reduction in mouse striatum cGMP induced by the NMDA-receptor antagonist MK-801. In ex vivo rat brain slices, BI 409306 enhanced LTP induced by both weak and strong tetanic stimulation. Treatment of mice with BI 409306 reversed MK-801-induced working memory deficits in a T-maze spontaneous-alternation task and improved long-term memory in an object recognition task. These findings suggest that BI 409306 is a potent and selective inhibitor of PDE9A. BI 409306 shows target engagement by increasing cGMP levels in brain, facilitates synaptic plasticity as demonstrated by enhancement of hippocampal LTP, and improves episodic and working memory function in rodents. SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENT: This preclinical study demonstrates that BI 409306 is a potent and selective PDE9A inhibitor in rodents. Treatment with BI 409306 increased brain cGMP levels, promoted long-term potentiation, and improved episodic and working memory performance in rodents. These findings support a role for PDE9A in synaptic plasticity and cognition. The potential benefits of BI 409306 are currently being investigated in clinical trials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Holger Rosenbrock
- Boehringer Ingelheim International GmbH, Biberach an der Riss, Germany (H.R., R.G., G.S., E.K., F.R., H.F., A.M., C.D.-C.); Leibniz Institute for Neurobiology, Magdeburg, Germany (K.G.R., U.H.S.); and Department of Pharmacy, Centre of Excellence for Biomedical Research, University of Genova, Genova, Italy (E.F.)
| | - Riccardo Giovannini
- Boehringer Ingelheim International GmbH, Biberach an der Riss, Germany (H.R., R.G., G.S., E.K., F.R., H.F., A.M., C.D.-C.); Leibniz Institute for Neurobiology, Magdeburg, Germany (K.G.R., U.H.S.); and Department of Pharmacy, Centre of Excellence for Biomedical Research, University of Genova, Genova, Italy (E.F.)
| | - Gerhard Schänzle
- Boehringer Ingelheim International GmbH, Biberach an der Riss, Germany (H.R., R.G., G.S., E.K., F.R., H.F., A.M., C.D.-C.); Leibniz Institute for Neurobiology, Magdeburg, Germany (K.G.R., U.H.S.); and Department of Pharmacy, Centre of Excellence for Biomedical Research, University of Genova, Genova, Italy (E.F.)
| | - Eliza Koros
- Boehringer Ingelheim International GmbH, Biberach an der Riss, Germany (H.R., R.G., G.S., E.K., F.R., H.F., A.M., C.D.-C.); Leibniz Institute for Neurobiology, Magdeburg, Germany (K.G.R., U.H.S.); and Department of Pharmacy, Centre of Excellence for Biomedical Research, University of Genova, Genova, Italy (E.F.)
| | - Frank Runge
- Boehringer Ingelheim International GmbH, Biberach an der Riss, Germany (H.R., R.G., G.S., E.K., F.R., H.F., A.M., C.D.-C.); Leibniz Institute for Neurobiology, Magdeburg, Germany (K.G.R., U.H.S.); and Department of Pharmacy, Centre of Excellence for Biomedical Research, University of Genova, Genova, Italy (E.F.)
| | - Holger Fuchs
- Boehringer Ingelheim International GmbH, Biberach an der Riss, Germany (H.R., R.G., G.S., E.K., F.R., H.F., A.M., C.D.-C.); Leibniz Institute for Neurobiology, Magdeburg, Germany (K.G.R., U.H.S.); and Department of Pharmacy, Centre of Excellence for Biomedical Research, University of Genova, Genova, Italy (E.F.)
| | - Anelise Marti
- Boehringer Ingelheim International GmbH, Biberach an der Riss, Germany (H.R., R.G., G.S., E.K., F.R., H.F., A.M., C.D.-C.); Leibniz Institute for Neurobiology, Magdeburg, Germany (K.G.R., U.H.S.); and Department of Pharmacy, Centre of Excellence for Biomedical Research, University of Genova, Genova, Italy (E.F.)
| | - Klaus G Reymann
- Boehringer Ingelheim International GmbH, Biberach an der Riss, Germany (H.R., R.G., G.S., E.K., F.R., H.F., A.M., C.D.-C.); Leibniz Institute for Neurobiology, Magdeburg, Germany (K.G.R., U.H.S.); and Department of Pharmacy, Centre of Excellence for Biomedical Research, University of Genova, Genova, Italy (E.F.)
| | - Ulrich H Schröder
- Boehringer Ingelheim International GmbH, Biberach an der Riss, Germany (H.R., R.G., G.S., E.K., F.R., H.F., A.M., C.D.-C.); Leibniz Institute for Neurobiology, Magdeburg, Germany (K.G.R., U.H.S.); and Department of Pharmacy, Centre of Excellence for Biomedical Research, University of Genova, Genova, Italy (E.F.)
| | - Ernesto Fedele
- Boehringer Ingelheim International GmbH, Biberach an der Riss, Germany (H.R., R.G., G.S., E.K., F.R., H.F., A.M., C.D.-C.); Leibniz Institute for Neurobiology, Magdeburg, Germany (K.G.R., U.H.S.); and Department of Pharmacy, Centre of Excellence for Biomedical Research, University of Genova, Genova, Italy (E.F.)
| | - Cornelia Dorner-Ciossek
- Boehringer Ingelheim International GmbH, Biberach an der Riss, Germany (H.R., R.G., G.S., E.K., F.R., H.F., A.M., C.D.-C.); Leibniz Institute for Neurobiology, Magdeburg, Germany (K.G.R., U.H.S.); and Department of Pharmacy, Centre of Excellence for Biomedical Research, University of Genova, Genova, Italy (E.F.)
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15
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Montanari S, Mahmoud AM, Pruccoli L, Rabbito A, Naldi M, Petralla S, Moraleda I, Bartolini M, Monti B, Iriepa I, Belluti F, Gobbi S, Di Marzo V, Bisi A, Tarozzi A, Ligresti A, Rampa A. Discovery of novel benzofuran-based compounds with neuroprotective and immunomodulatory properties for Alzheimer's disease treatment. Eur J Med Chem 2019; 178:243-258. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2019.05.080] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2019] [Revised: 05/21/2019] [Accepted: 05/29/2019] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
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16
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Sharma P, Srivastava P, Seth A, Tripathi PN, Banerjee AG, Shrivastava SK. Comprehensive review of mechanisms of pathogenesis involved in Alzheimer's disease and potential therapeutic strategies. Prog Neurobiol 2018; 174:53-89. [PMID: 30599179 DOI: 10.1016/j.pneurobio.2018.12.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 202] [Impact Index Per Article: 33.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2018] [Revised: 12/04/2018] [Accepted: 12/28/2018] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
AD is a progressive neurodegenerative disorder and a leading cause of dementia in an aging population worldwide. The enormous challenge which AD possesses to global healthcare makes it as urgent as ever for the researchers to develop innovative treatment strategies to fight this disease. An in-depth analysis of the extensive available data associated with the AD is needed for a more comprehensive understanding of underlying molecular mechanisms and pathophysiological pathways associated with the onset and progression of the AD. The currently understood pathological and biochemical manifestations include cholinergic, Aβ, tau, excitotoxicity, oxidative stress, ApoE, CREB signaling pathways, insulin resistance, etc. However, these hypotheses have been criticized with several conflicting reports for their involvement in the disease progression. Several issues need to be addressed such as benefits to cost ratio with cholinesterase therapy, the dilemma of AChE selectivity over BChE, BBB permeability of peptidic BACE-1 inhibitors, hurdles related to the implementation of vaccination and immunization therapy, and clinical failure of candidates related to newly available targets. The present review provides an insight to the different molecular mechanisms involved in the development and progression of the AD and potential therapeutic strategies, enlightening perceptions into structural information of conventional and novel targets along with the successful applications of computational approaches for the design of target-specific inhibitors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Piyoosh Sharma
- Pharmaceutical Chemistry Research Laboratory, Department of Pharmaceutical Engineering & Technology, Indian Institute of Technology (Banaras Hindu University), Varanasi, India
| | - Pavan Srivastava
- Pharmaceutical Chemistry Research Laboratory, Department of Pharmaceutical Engineering & Technology, Indian Institute of Technology (Banaras Hindu University), Varanasi, India
| | - Ankit Seth
- Pharmaceutical Chemistry Research Laboratory, Department of Pharmaceutical Engineering & Technology, Indian Institute of Technology (Banaras Hindu University), Varanasi, India
| | - Prabhash Nath Tripathi
- Pharmaceutical Chemistry Research Laboratory, Department of Pharmaceutical Engineering & Technology, Indian Institute of Technology (Banaras Hindu University), Varanasi, India
| | - Anupam G Banerjee
- Pharmaceutical Chemistry Research Laboratory, Department of Pharmaceutical Engineering & Technology, Indian Institute of Technology (Banaras Hindu University), Varanasi, India
| | - Sushant K Shrivastava
- Pharmaceutical Chemistry Research Laboratory, Department of Pharmaceutical Engineering & Technology, Indian Institute of Technology (Banaras Hindu University), Varanasi, India.
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17
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Ogunsuyi OB, Ademiluyi AO, Oboh G, Oyeleye SI, Dada AF. Green leafy vegetables from two Solanum spp. ( Solanum nigrum L and Solanum macrocarpon L) ameliorate scopolamine-induced cognitive and neurochemical impairments in rats. Food Sci Nutr 2018; 6:860-870. [PMID: 29983948 PMCID: PMC6021738 DOI: 10.1002/fsn3.628] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2017] [Revised: 01/30/2018] [Accepted: 02/11/2018] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
This study examined the modulatory effect of Black nightshade (Solanum nigrum L) and African eggplant (Solanum macrocarpon L) leaves on cognitive function, antioxidant status, and activities of critical enzymes of monoaminergic and cholinergic systems of neurotransmission in scopolamine-administered rats. Cognitive impairment was induced in albino rats pretreated with dietary inclusions of Black nightshade (BN) and African eggplant (AE) leaves by single administration (i.p.) of scopolamine (2 mg/kg body weight). Prior to termination of the experiment, the rats were subjected to spontaneous alternation (Y-maze) test to assess their spatial working memory. Thereafter, activities of acetylcholinesterase (AChE), butyrylcholinesterase (BChE), monoamine oxidase (MAO), arginase, and antioxidant enzymes (catalase, SOD, and GST) of rat brain homogenate were determined. Also, the malondialdehyde (MDA), nitrite, and GSH contents of the homogenate were determined. The results showed that pretreatment with dietary inclusions of AE and BN significantly reversed the impairment in the rats' spatial working memory induced by scopolamine. Similarly, elevations in activities of AChE, BChE, and MAO induced by scopolamine were significantly reversed in rats pretreated with dietary inclusions of AE and BN. In addition, impaired antioxidant status induced by scopolamine was reversed by pretreatment with dietary inclusions of AE and BN. This study has shown that dietary inclusions of AE and BN could protect against cognitive and neurochemical impairments induced by scopolamine, and hence, these vegetables could be used as a source of functional foods and nutraceuticals for the prevention and management of cognitive impairments associated diseases such as Alzheimer's disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Opeyemi B. Ogunsuyi
- Department of Biomedical TechnologyFederal University of TechnologyAkureNigeria
- Department of BiochemistryFederal University of TechnologyAkureNigeria
| | | | - Ganiyu Oboh
- Department of BiochemistryFederal University of TechnologyAkureNigeria
| | - Sunday I. Oyeleye
- Department of Biomedical TechnologyFederal University of TechnologyAkureNigeria
- Department of BiochemistryFederal University of TechnologyAkureNigeria
| | - Abayomi F. Dada
- SLT Department (Biochemistry Unit)Federal Polytechnic EdeEdeOsun StateNigeria
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18
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Borkar CD, Bharne AP, Nagalakshmi B, Sakharkar AJ, Subhedar NK, Kokare DM. Cocaine- and Amphetamine-Regulated Transcript Peptide (CART) Alleviates MK-801-Induced Schizophrenic Dementia-Like Symptoms. Neuroscience 2018; 375:94-107. [PMID: 29425773 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroscience.2018.01.056] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2017] [Revised: 01/22/2018] [Accepted: 01/28/2018] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
Exaggerated thoughts, diminished mood and impaired cognition are the hallmarks of the schizophrenia-like condition. These symptoms are attributed to the dysregulation of dopamine and glutamate signaling in the brain. Since cocaine- and amphetamine-regulated transcript peptide (CART) modulates actions of dopamine as well as glutamate, we tested the role of this peptide in MK-801-induced schizophrenic dementia-like condition. MK-801-treated rats were allowed to interact with conspecific juvenile and tested for short-term (30-min) and long-term (24-h) social memory acquisition and recall. While MK-801 impaired the social interaction with a juvenile, the behavior was restored in CART [intracerebroventricular (icv) or intra-ventral tegmental area (VTA)] pre-treated animals. This action of CART was blocked by SCH23390 (dopamine D1 receptor antagonist) administered directly into the prefrontal cortex (PFC). Application of neuronal tracer Di-I in the PFC retrogradely labeled dopamine cells of the VTA, which in turn seem to receive CARTergic innervation. A significant increase in CARTimmunoreactivity was evidenced in the VTA, PFC and accumbens of the animals allowed to interact with a juvenile. However, MK-801 treatment attenuated the peptide expression and induced social memory deficits. The schizophrenic dementia-like symptoms following antagonism of glutamatergic receptors may be attributed to the reduced dopamine activity in the mesocortical system. We suggest that CART may, positively modulate the dopamine system to alleviate cognitive deficits associated with schizophrenia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chandrashekhar D Borkar
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Rashtrasant Tukadoji Maharaj Nagpur University, Nagpur 440 033, Maharashtra, India
| | - Ashish P Bharne
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Rashtrasant Tukadoji Maharaj Nagpur University, Nagpur 440 033, Maharashtra, India
| | - B Nagalakshmi
- Department of Biotechnology, Savitribai Phule Pune University, Pune 411 007, Maharashtra, India
| | - Amul J Sakharkar
- Department of Biotechnology, Savitribai Phule Pune University, Pune 411 007, Maharashtra, India
| | - Nishikant K Subhedar
- Indian Institute of Science Education and Research, Dr Homi Bhabha Road, Pune 411 008, Maharashtra, India
| | - Dadasaheb M Kokare
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Rashtrasant Tukadoji Maharaj Nagpur University, Nagpur 440 033, Maharashtra, India.
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19
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Perescis MFJ, de Bruin N, Heijink L, Kruse C, Vinogradova L, Lüttjohann A, van Luijtelaar G, van Rijn CM. Cannabinoid antagonist SLV326 induces convulsive seizures and changes in the interictal EEG in rats. PLoS One 2017; 12:e0165363. [PMID: 28151935 PMCID: PMC5289424 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0165363] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2016] [Accepted: 10/11/2016] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Cannabinoid CB1 antagonists have been investigated for possible treatment of e.g. obesity-related disorders. However, clinical application was halted due to their symptoms of anxiety and depression. In addition to these adverse effects, we have shown earlier that chronic treatment with the CB1 antagonist rimonabant may induce EEG-confirmed convulsive seizures. In a regulatory repeat-dose toxicity study violent episodes of “muscle spasms” were observed in Wistar rats, daily dosed with the CB1 receptor antagonist SLV326 during 5 months. The aim of the present follow-up study was to investigate whether these violent movements were of an epileptic origin. In selected SLV326-treated and control animals, EEG and behavior were monitored for 24 hours. 25% of SLV326 treated animals showed 1 to 21 EEG-confirmed generalized convulsive seizures, whereas controls were seizure-free. The behavioral seizures were typical for a limbic origin. Moreover, interictal spikes were found in 38% of treated animals. The frequency spectrum of the interictal EEG of the treated rats showed a lower theta peak frequency, as well as lower gamma power compared to the controls. These frequency changes were state-dependent: they were only found during high locomotor activity. It is concluded that long term blockade of the endogenous cannabinoid system can provoke limbic seizures in otherwise healthy rats. Additionally, SLV326 alters the frequency spectrum of the EEG when rats are highly active, suggesting effects on complex behavior and cognition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Martin F. J. Perescis
- Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition and Behaviour, Radboud University, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
- HAS University of Applied Sciences, ‘s-Hertogenbosch, The Netherlands
- * E-mail:
| | - Natasja de Bruin
- Abbott Healthcare Products BV (formerly Solvay Pharmaceuticals), Weesp, The Netherlands
| | - Liesbeth Heijink
- Abbott Healthcare Products BV (formerly Solvay Pharmaceuticals), Weesp, The Netherlands
| | - Chris Kruse
- Abbott Healthcare Products BV (formerly Solvay Pharmaceuticals), Weesp, The Netherlands
| | - Lyudmila Vinogradova
- Institute of Higher Nervous Activity and Neurophysiology, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russia
| | - Annika Lüttjohann
- Institut für Physiologie I, Westfälische Wilhelms Universität Münster, Münster, Germany
| | - Gilles van Luijtelaar
- Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition and Behaviour, Radboud University, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Clementina M. van Rijn
- Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition and Behaviour, Radboud University, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
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20
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Akinyemi AJ, Oboh G, Oyeleye SI, Ogunsuyi O. Anti-amnestic Effect of Curcumin in Combination with Donepezil, an Anticholinesterase Drug: Involvement of Cholinergic System. Neurotox Res 2017; 31:560-569. [DOI: 10.1007/s12640-017-9701-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2016] [Revised: 12/21/2016] [Accepted: 01/09/2017] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
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21
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Serrano MP, Herrero-Labrador R, Futch HS, Serrano J, Romero A, Fernandez AP, Samadi A, Unzeta M, Marco-Contelles J, Martínez-Murillo R. The proof-of-concept of ASS234: Peripherally administered ASS234 enters the central nervous system and reduces pathology in a male mouse model of Alzheimer disease. J Psychiatry Neurosci 2017; 42:59-69. [PMID: 27636528 PMCID: PMC5373713 DOI: 10.1503/jpn.150209] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The heterogeneity of Alzheimer disease requires the development of multitarget drugs for treating the symptoms of the disease and its progression. Both cholinergic and monoamine oxidase dysfunctions are involved in the pathological process. Thus, we hypothesized that the development of therapies focused on these targets might be effective. We have developed and assessed a new product, coded ASS234, a multipotent acetyl and butyrylcholinesterase/monoamine oxidase A-B inhibitor with a potent inhibitory effect on amyloid-β aggregation as well as antioxidant and antiapoptotic properties. But there is a need to reliably correlate in vitro and in vivo drug release data. METHODS We examined the effect of ASS234 on cognition in healthy adult C57BL/6J mice in a model of scopolamine-induced cognitive impairment that often accompanies normal and pathological aging. Also, in a characterized transgenic APPswe/PS1ΔE9 mouse model of Alzheimer disease, we examined the effects of short-term ASS234 treatment on plaque deposition and gliosis using immunohistochemistry. Toxicology of ASS234 was assessed using a quantitative high-throughput in vitro cytotoxicity screening assay following the MTT assay method in HepG2 liver cells. RESULTS In vivo, ASS234 significantly decreased scopolamine-induced learning deficits in C57BL/6J mice. Also, reduction of amyloid plaque burden and gliosis in the cortex and hippocampus was assessed. In vitro, ASS234 exhibited lesser toxicity than donepezil and tacrine. LIMITATIONS The study was conducted in male mice only. Although the Alzheimer disease model does not recapitulate all features of the human disease, it exhibits progressive monoaminergic neurodegeneration. CONCLUSION ASS234 is a promising alternative drug of choice to treat the cognitive decline and neurodegeneration underlying Alzheimer disease.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Ricardo Martínez-Murillo
- Correspondence to: R. Martinez-Murillo, Department of Translational Neurobiology, Neurovascular Research Group, Cajal Institute (CSIC), Avenida Doctor Arce 37, 28002-Madrid, Spain;
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22
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The selective 5-HT 6 receptor antagonist SLV has putative cognitive- and social interaction enhancing properties in rodent models of cognitive impairment. Neurobiol Learn Mem 2016; 133:100-117. [DOI: 10.1016/j.nlm.2016.06.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2016] [Revised: 05/27/2016] [Accepted: 06/21/2016] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
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Pehrson AL, Hillhouse TM, Haddjeri N, Rovera R, Porter JH, Mørk A, Smagin G, Song D, Budac D, Cajina M, Sanchez C. Task- and Treatment Length-Dependent Effects of Vortioxetine on Scopolamine-Induced Cognitive Dysfunction and Hippocampal Extracellular Acetylcholine in Rats. J Pharmacol Exp Ther 2016; 358:472-82. [PMID: 27402279 PMCID: PMC4998672 DOI: 10.1124/jpet.116.233924] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2016] [Accepted: 07/08/2016] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Major depressive disorder (MDD) is a common psychiatric disorder that often features impairments in cognitive function, and these cognitive symptoms can be important determinants of functional ability. Vortioxetine is a multimodal antidepressant that may improve some aspects of cognitive function in patients with MDD, including attention, processing speed, executive function, and memory. However, the cause of these effects is unclear, and there are several competing theories on the underlying mechanism, notably including regionally-selective downstream enhancement of glutamate neurotransmission and increased acetylcholine (ACh) neurotransmission. The current work sought to evaluate the ACh hypothesis by examining vortioxetine’s ability to reverse scopolamine-induced impairments in rodent tests of memory and attention. Additionally, vortioxetine’s effects on hippocampal extracellular ACh levels were examined alongside studies of vortioxetine’s pharmacokinetic profile. We found that acute vortioxetine reversed scopolamine-induced impairments in social and object recognition memory, but did not alter scopolamine-induced impairments in attention. Acute vortioxetine also induced a modest and short-lived increase in hippocampal ACh levels. However, this short-term effect is at variance with vortioxetine’s moderately long brain half life (5.1 hours). Interestingly, subchronic vortioxetine treatment failed to reverse scopolamine-induced social recognition memory deficits and had no effects on basal hippocampal ACh levels. These data suggest that vortioxetine has some effects on memory that could be mediated through cholinergic neurotransmission, however these effects are modest and only seen under acute dosing conditions. These limitations may argue against cholinergic mechanisms being the primary mediator of vortioxetine′s cognitive effects, which are observed under chronic dosing conditions in patients with MDD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alan L Pehrson
- Lundbeck Research USA, Paramus, New Jersey (A.L.P., G.S., D.S., D.B., M.C., C.S.); Translational Neuropsychiatry Unit, Department of Clinical Medicine, Aarhus University, Risskov, Denmark (C.S.); Department of Pharmacology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan (T.M.H.); Psychology Department, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, Virginia (T.M.H., J.H.P.); Univ Lyon, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, Inserm, Stem Cell and Brain Research Institute U1208, 69500 Bron, France (R.R., N.H.); and H. Lundbeck A/S, Copenhagen-Valby, Denmark (A.M.)
| | - Todd M Hillhouse
- Lundbeck Research USA, Paramus, New Jersey (A.L.P., G.S., D.S., D.B., M.C., C.S.); Translational Neuropsychiatry Unit, Department of Clinical Medicine, Aarhus University, Risskov, Denmark (C.S.); Department of Pharmacology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan (T.M.H.); Psychology Department, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, Virginia (T.M.H., J.H.P.); Univ Lyon, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, Inserm, Stem Cell and Brain Research Institute U1208, 69500 Bron, France (R.R., N.H.); and H. Lundbeck A/S, Copenhagen-Valby, Denmark (A.M.)
| | - Nasser Haddjeri
- Lundbeck Research USA, Paramus, New Jersey (A.L.P., G.S., D.S., D.B., M.C., C.S.); Translational Neuropsychiatry Unit, Department of Clinical Medicine, Aarhus University, Risskov, Denmark (C.S.); Department of Pharmacology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan (T.M.H.); Psychology Department, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, Virginia (T.M.H., J.H.P.); Univ Lyon, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, Inserm, Stem Cell and Brain Research Institute U1208, 69500 Bron, France (R.R., N.H.); and H. Lundbeck A/S, Copenhagen-Valby, Denmark (A.M.)
| | - Renaud Rovera
- Lundbeck Research USA, Paramus, New Jersey (A.L.P., G.S., D.S., D.B., M.C., C.S.); Translational Neuropsychiatry Unit, Department of Clinical Medicine, Aarhus University, Risskov, Denmark (C.S.); Department of Pharmacology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan (T.M.H.); Psychology Department, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, Virginia (T.M.H., J.H.P.); Univ Lyon, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, Inserm, Stem Cell and Brain Research Institute U1208, 69500 Bron, France (R.R., N.H.); and H. Lundbeck A/S, Copenhagen-Valby, Denmark (A.M.)
| | - Joseph H Porter
- Lundbeck Research USA, Paramus, New Jersey (A.L.P., G.S., D.S., D.B., M.C., C.S.); Translational Neuropsychiatry Unit, Department of Clinical Medicine, Aarhus University, Risskov, Denmark (C.S.); Department of Pharmacology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan (T.M.H.); Psychology Department, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, Virginia (T.M.H., J.H.P.); Univ Lyon, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, Inserm, Stem Cell and Brain Research Institute U1208, 69500 Bron, France (R.R., N.H.); and H. Lundbeck A/S, Copenhagen-Valby, Denmark (A.M.)
| | - Arne Mørk
- Lundbeck Research USA, Paramus, New Jersey (A.L.P., G.S., D.S., D.B., M.C., C.S.); Translational Neuropsychiatry Unit, Department of Clinical Medicine, Aarhus University, Risskov, Denmark (C.S.); Department of Pharmacology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan (T.M.H.); Psychology Department, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, Virginia (T.M.H., J.H.P.); Univ Lyon, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, Inserm, Stem Cell and Brain Research Institute U1208, 69500 Bron, France (R.R., N.H.); and H. Lundbeck A/S, Copenhagen-Valby, Denmark (A.M.)
| | - Gennady Smagin
- Lundbeck Research USA, Paramus, New Jersey (A.L.P., G.S., D.S., D.B., M.C., C.S.); Translational Neuropsychiatry Unit, Department of Clinical Medicine, Aarhus University, Risskov, Denmark (C.S.); Department of Pharmacology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan (T.M.H.); Psychology Department, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, Virginia (T.M.H., J.H.P.); Univ Lyon, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, Inserm, Stem Cell and Brain Research Institute U1208, 69500 Bron, France (R.R., N.H.); and H. Lundbeck A/S, Copenhagen-Valby, Denmark (A.M.)
| | - Dekun Song
- Lundbeck Research USA, Paramus, New Jersey (A.L.P., G.S., D.S., D.B., M.C., C.S.); Translational Neuropsychiatry Unit, Department of Clinical Medicine, Aarhus University, Risskov, Denmark (C.S.); Department of Pharmacology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan (T.M.H.); Psychology Department, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, Virginia (T.M.H., J.H.P.); Univ Lyon, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, Inserm, Stem Cell and Brain Research Institute U1208, 69500 Bron, France (R.R., N.H.); and H. Lundbeck A/S, Copenhagen-Valby, Denmark (A.M.)
| | - David Budac
- Lundbeck Research USA, Paramus, New Jersey (A.L.P., G.S., D.S., D.B., M.C., C.S.); Translational Neuropsychiatry Unit, Department of Clinical Medicine, Aarhus University, Risskov, Denmark (C.S.); Department of Pharmacology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan (T.M.H.); Psychology Department, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, Virginia (T.M.H., J.H.P.); Univ Lyon, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, Inserm, Stem Cell and Brain Research Institute U1208, 69500 Bron, France (R.R., N.H.); and H. Lundbeck A/S, Copenhagen-Valby, Denmark (A.M.)
| | - Manuel Cajina
- Lundbeck Research USA, Paramus, New Jersey (A.L.P., G.S., D.S., D.B., M.C., C.S.); Translational Neuropsychiatry Unit, Department of Clinical Medicine, Aarhus University, Risskov, Denmark (C.S.); Department of Pharmacology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan (T.M.H.); Psychology Department, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, Virginia (T.M.H., J.H.P.); Univ Lyon, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, Inserm, Stem Cell and Brain Research Institute U1208, 69500 Bron, France (R.R., N.H.); and H. Lundbeck A/S, Copenhagen-Valby, Denmark (A.M.)
| | - Connie Sanchez
- Lundbeck Research USA, Paramus, New Jersey (A.L.P., G.S., D.S., D.B., M.C., C.S.); Translational Neuropsychiatry Unit, Department of Clinical Medicine, Aarhus University, Risskov, Denmark (C.S.); Department of Pharmacology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan (T.M.H.); Psychology Department, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, Virginia (T.M.H., J.H.P.); Univ Lyon, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, Inserm, Stem Cell and Brain Research Institute U1208, 69500 Bron, France (R.R., N.H.); and H. Lundbeck A/S, Copenhagen-Valby, Denmark (A.M.)
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Cascio MG, Zamberletti E, Marini P, Parolaro D, Pertwee RG. The phytocannabinoid, Δ⁹-tetrahydrocannabivarin, can act through 5-HT₁A receptors to produce antipsychotic effects. Br J Pharmacol 2016; 172:1305-18. [PMID: 25363799 DOI: 10.1111/bph.13000] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2014] [Revised: 10/22/2014] [Accepted: 10/28/2014] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE This study aimed to address the questions of whether Δ(9)-tetrahydrocannabivarin (THCV) can (i) enhance activation of 5-HT1 A receptors in vitro and (ii) induce any apparent 5-HT₁A receptor-mediated antipsychotic effects in vivo. EXPERIMENTAL APPROACH In vitro studies investigated the effect of THCV on targeting by 8-hydroxy-2-(di-n-propylamino)tetralin (8-OH-DPAT) of 5-HT₁A receptors in membranes obtained from rat brainstem or human 5-HT₁A CHO cells, using [(35)S]-GTPγS and 8-[(3)H]-OH-DPAT binding assays. In vivo studies investigated whether THCV induces signs of 5-HT₁A receptor-mediated antipsychotic effects in rats. KEY RESULTS THCV (i) potently, albeit partially, displaced 8-[(3) H]-OH-DPAT from specific binding sites in rat brainstem membranes; (ii) at 100 nM, significantly enhanced 8-OH-DPAT-induced activation of receptors in these membranes; (iii) produced concentration-related increases in 8-[(3)H]-OH-DPAT binding to specific sites in membranes of human 5-HT₁A receptor-transfected CHO cells; and (iv) at 100 nM, significantly enhanced 8-OH-DPAT-induced activation of these human 5-HT₁A receptors. In phencyclidine-treated rats, THCV, like clozapine (i) reduced stereotyped behaviour; (ii) decreased time spent immobile in the forced swim test; and (iii) normalized hyperlocomotor activity, social behaviour and cognitive performance. Some of these effects were counteracted by the 5-HT₁A receptor antagonist, WAY100635, or could be reproduced by the CB₁ antagonist, AM251. CONCLUSIONS AND IMPLICATIONS Our findings suggest that THCV can enhance 5-HT₁A receptor activation, and that some of its apparent antipsychotic effects may depend on this enhancement. We conclude that THCV has therapeutic potential for ameliorating some of the negative, cognitive and positive symptoms of schizophrenia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Grazia Cascio
- School of Medical Sciences, Institute of Medical Sciences, University of Aberdeen, Aberdeen, UK
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25
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Ahmad P, Woo H, Jun KY, Kadi AA, Abdel-Aziz HA, Kwon Y, Rahman AFMM. Design, synthesis, topoisomerase I & II inhibitory activity, antiproliferative activity, and structure-activity relationship study of pyrazoline derivatives: An ATP-competitive human topoisomerase IIα catalytic inhibitor. Bioorg Med Chem 2016; 24:1898-908. [PMID: 26988802 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmc.2016.03.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2016] [Revised: 03/07/2016] [Accepted: 03/08/2016] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
A series of pyrazoline derivatives (5) were synthesized in 92-96% yields from chalcones (3) and hydrazides (4). Subsequently, topo-I and IIα-mediated relaxation and antiproliferative activity assays were evaluated for 5. Among the tested compounds, 5h had a very strong topo-I activity of 97% (Camptothecin, 74%) at concentration of 100 μM. Nevertheless, all the compounds 5a-5i showed significant topo II inhibitory activity in the range of 90-94% (Etoposide, 96%) at the same concentration. Cytotoxic potential of these compounds was tested in a panel of three human tumor cell lines, HCT15, BT474 and T47D. All the compounds showed strong activity against HCT15 cell line with IC50 at the range of 1.9-10.4 μM (Adriamycin, 23.0; Etoposide, 6.9; and Camptothecin, 7.1 μM). Moreover, compounds 5c, 5f and 5i were observed to have strong antiproliferative activity against BT474 cell lines. Since, compound 5d showed antiproliferative activity at a very low IC50 thus 5d was then selected to study on their mode of action with diverse methods of ATP competition assay, ATPase assay and DNA-topo IIα cleavable complex assay and the results revealed that it functioned as a ATP-competitive human topoisomerase IIα catalytic inhibitor. Further evaluation of endogenous topo-mediated DNA relaxation in cells has been conducted to find that, 5d inhibited endogenous topo-mediated pBR322 plasmid relaxation is more efficient (78.0 ± 4.7% at 50 μM) than Etoposide (36.0 ± 1.7% at 50 μM).
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Affiliation(s)
- Pervez Ahmad
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Hyunjung Woo
- College of Pharmacy, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Ewha Womans University, Seoul 120-750, Republic of Korea
| | - Kyu-Yeon Jun
- College of Pharmacy, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Ewha Womans University, Seoul 120-750, Republic of Korea
| | - Adnan A Kadi
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Hatem A Abdel-Aziz
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia; Department of Applied Organic Chemistry Department, National Research Center, Dokki, Cairo 12622, Egypt
| | - Youngjoo Kwon
- College of Pharmacy, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Ewha Womans University, Seoul 120-750, Republic of Korea.
| | - A F M Motiur Rahman
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia.
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26
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Procognitive effect of AC-3933 in aged mice, and synergistic effect of combination with donepezil in scopolamine-treated mice. Eur J Pharmacol 2014; 745:123-8. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejphar.2014.10.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2014] [Revised: 10/08/2014] [Accepted: 10/09/2014] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
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Andriambeloson E, Huyard B, Poiraud E, Wagner S. Methyllycaconitine- and scopolamine-induced cognitive dysfunction: differential reversal effect by cognition-enhancing drugs. Pharmacol Res Perspect 2014; 2:e00048. [PMID: 25505596 PMCID: PMC4186438 DOI: 10.1002/prp2.48] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2014] [Accepted: 03/26/2014] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
There is a growing body of evidence pointing to the pivotal role of alpha-7 nicotinic acetylcholine receptor (α7 nAchR) dysfunction in cognitive disorders such as Alzheimer’s disease or schizophrenia. This study was undertaken to establish and characterize an in vivo model for cognitive disorder secondary to the blockade of α7 nAChR by its specific antagonist, methyllycaconitine (MLA). The results show that MLA elicited cognitive dysfunction as assessed by reduced spontaneous alternation of mice in the T-maze. The maximal effect of MLA produced 25–30% reduction in the spontaneous alternation of mice, a level comparable with that induced by the muscarinic antagonism of scopolamine. Donepezil and galantamine fully reversed both MLA and scopolamine-induced cognitive dysfunction. However, the ED50 of donepezil and galantamine was significantly shifted to the left in the MLA- compared to scopolamine-treated mice (0.0005 and 0.002 mg/kg for donepezil; 0.0003 and 0.7 mg/kg for galantamine). Moreover, memantine elicited marked reversion of cognitive dysfunction (up to 70%) in MLA-treated mice while only a weak reversal effect at high dose of memantine (less than 20%) was observed in scopolamine-treated mice. The above findings indicate that MLA-induced cognitive dysfunction in the mouse is highly sensitive and more responsive to the current procognitive drugs than the traditional scopolamine-based assay. Thus, it can be of value for the preclinical screening and profiling of cognition-enhancing drugs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emile Andriambeloson
- Neurofit SAS boulevard Sébastien Brant, Bioparc Parc d'Innovation, 674.00, Illkirch, France
| | - Bertrand Huyard
- Neurofit SAS boulevard Sébastien Brant, Bioparc Parc d'Innovation, 674.00, Illkirch, France
| | - Etienne Poiraud
- Neurofit SAS boulevard Sébastien Brant, Bioparc Parc d'Innovation, 674.00, Illkirch, France
| | - Stéphanie Wagner
- Neurofit SAS boulevard Sébastien Brant, Bioparc Parc d'Innovation, 674.00, Illkirch, France
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Brown JW, Rueter LE, Zhang M. Predictive validity of a MK-801-induced cognitive impairment model in mice: implications on the potential limitations and challenges of modeling cognitive impairment associated with schizophrenia preclinically. Prog Neuropsychopharmacol Biol Psychiatry 2014; 49:53-62. [PMID: 24269664 DOI: 10.1016/j.pnpbp.2013.11.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2013] [Revised: 11/01/2013] [Accepted: 11/12/2013] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
Cognitive impairment associated with schizophrenia (CIAS) is a major and disabling symptom domain of the disease that is generally unresponsive to current pharmacotherapies. Critically important to the discovery of novel therapeutics for CIAS is the utilization of preclinical models with robust predictive validity. We investigated the predictive validity of MK-801-induced memory impairments in mouse inhibitory avoidance (MK-IA) as a preclinical model for CIAS by investigating compounds that have been tested in humans, including antipsychotics, sodium channel blocker mood stabilizers, and putative cognitive enhancers. The atypical antipsychotic clozapine, as well as risperidone and olanzapine (see Brown et al., 2013), had no effect on MK-801-induced memory impairments. For sodium channel blockers, carbamazepine significantly attenuated memory impairments induced by MK-801, whereas lamotrigine had no effect. Nicotine, donepezil, modafinil, and xanomeline all significantly attenuated MK-801-induced memory impairments, but the magnitude of effects and the dose-responses observed varied across compounds. Clinically, only acute administration of nicotine has demonstrated consistent positive effects on CIAS, while inconsistent results have been reported for lamotrigine, donepezil, and modafinil; atypical antipsychotics produce only moderate improvements at best. A positive clinical signal has been observed with xanomeline, but only in a small pilot trial. The results presented here suggest that the MK-IA model lacks robust predictive validity for CIAS as the model is likely permissive and may indicate false positive signals for compounds and mechanisms that lack clear clinical efficacy for CIAS. Our findings also highlight the potential limitations and challenges of using NMDA receptor antagonists in rodents to model CIAS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jordan W Brown
- Neuroscience Discovery, AbbVie, 1 North Waukegan Rd., North Chicago, IL 60064, United States.
| | - Lynne E Rueter
- Neuroscience Discovery, AbbVie, 1 North Waukegan Rd., North Chicago, IL 60064, United States
| | - Min Zhang
- Neuroscience Discovery, AbbVie, 1 North Waukegan Rd., North Chicago, IL 60064, United States
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Millan MJ, Bales KL. Towards improved animal models for evaluating social cognition and its disruption in schizophrenia: the CNTRICS initiative. Neurosci Biobehav Rev 2013; 37:2166-80. [PMID: 24090822 DOI: 10.1016/j.neubiorev.2013.09.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 90] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2013] [Revised: 09/17/2013] [Accepted: 09/19/2013] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
Social cognition refers to processes used to monitor and interpret social signals from others, to decipher their state of mind, emotional status and intentions, and select appropriate social behaviour. Social cognition is sophisticated in humans, being embedded with verbal language and enacted in a complex cultural environment. Its disruption characterises the entire course of schizophrenia and is correlated with poor functional outcome. Further, deficits in social cognition are related to impairment in other cognitive domains, positive symptoms (paranoia and delusions) and negative symptoms (social withdrawal and reduced motivation). In light of the significance and inadequate management of social cognition deficits, there is a need for translatable experimental procedures for their study, and identification of effective pharmacotherapy. No single paradigm captures the multi-dimensional nature of social cognition, and procedures for assessing ability to infer mental states are not well-developed for experimental therapeutic settings. Accordingly, a recent CNTRICS meeting prioritised procedures for measuring a specific construct: "acquisition and recognition of affective (emotional) states", coupled to individual recognition. Two complementary paradigms for refinement were identified: social recognition/preference in rodents, and visual tracking of social scenes in non-human primates (NHPs). Social recognition is disrupted in genetic, developmental or pharmacological disease models for schizophrenia, and performance in both procedures is improved by the neuropeptide oxytocin. The present article surveys a broad range of procedures for studying social cognition in rodents and NHPs, discusses advantages and drawbacks, and focuses on development of social recognition/preference and gaze-following paradigms for improved study of social cognition deficits in schizophrenia and their potential treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mark J Millan
- Unit for Research and Discovery in Neuroscience, IDR Servier, 125 Chemin de Ronde, 78290 Croissy-sur-Seine, France.
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Human abuse potential and cognitive effects of taranabant, a cannabinoid 1 receptor inverse agonist: a randomized, double-blind, placebo- and active-controlled, crossover study in recreational polydrug users. J Clin Psychopharmacol 2012; 32:492-502. [PMID: 22722508 DOI: 10.1097/jcp.0b013e31825d380d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Taranabant is a cannabinoid 1 receptor inverse agonist that was in development for treatment of obesity. Because of central nervous system effects, the study was performed to assess the abuse potential and cognitive effects of taranabant in recreational polydrug users compared with phentermine, dronabinol, and placebo. METHODS Stimulant- and cannabis-experienced polydrug users (N = 30) were randomized in a double-blind crossover study to receive taranabant 2, 4, 10, and 20 mg; phentermine 45 and 90 mg; dronabinol 20 mg; and placebo. Subjective and neurocognitive measures were administered for 24 hours, and peak/peak change from baseline effects were analyzed using a linear mixed-effects model. RESULTS Phentermine 45 and 90 mg showed abuse-related subjective effects versus placebo, including drug liking, overall drug liking, and other positive/stimulant effects, whereas dronabinol 20 mg showed abuse-related positive, cannabis-like, and sedative effects. Taranabant was not significantly different from placebo on most of the subjective measures other than negative/dysphoric effects at the highest dose, and its effects were significantly less pronounced relative to phentermine and dronabinol on most measures. Phentermine improved cognitive/motor performance and dronabinol impaired motor/cognitive performance on some measures, whereas taranabant 4 and 20 mg had minor impairment effects on manual tracking. CONCLUSIONS The phentermine and dronabinol results demonstrate the validity and sensitivity of the study. Taranabant did not consistently show stimulant/cannabis-like effects or abuse potential in recreational polydrug users, indicating that cannabinoid 1 receptor inverse agonists/antagonists are unlikely to be recreationally abused.
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31
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Millan MJ, Agid Y, Brüne M, Bullmore ET, Carter CS, Clayton NS, Connor R, Davis S, Deakin B, DeRubeis RJ, Dubois B, Geyer MA, Goodwin GM, Gorwood P, Jay TM, Joëls M, Mansuy IM, Meyer-Lindenberg A, Murphy D, Rolls E, Saletu B, Spedding M, Sweeney J, Whittington M, Young LJ. Cognitive dysfunction in psychiatric disorders: characteristics, causes and the quest for improved therapy. Nat Rev Drug Discov 2012; 11:141-68. [PMID: 22293568 DOI: 10.1038/nrd3628] [Citation(s) in RCA: 786] [Impact Index Per Article: 65.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Studies of psychiatric disorders have traditionally focused on emotional symptoms such as depression, anxiety and hallucinations. However, poorly controlled cognitive deficits are equally prominent and severely compromise quality of life, including social and professional integration. Consequently, intensive efforts are being made to characterize the cellular and cerebral circuits underpinning cognitive function, define the nature and causes of cognitive impairment in psychiatric disorders and identify more effective treatments. Successful development will depend on rigorous validation in animal models as well as in patients, including measures of real-world cognitive functioning. This article critically discusses these issues, highlighting the challenges and opportunities for improving cognition in individuals suffering from psychiatric disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mark J Millan
- Institut de Recherche Servier, 78290 Croissy/Seine, France.
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de Bruin N, Prickaerts J, van Loevezijn A, Venhorst J, de Groote L, Houba P, Reneerkens O, Akkerman S, Kruse C. Two novel 5-HT6 receptor antagonists ameliorate scopolamine-induced memory deficits in the object recognition and object location tasks in Wistar rats. Neurobiol Learn Mem 2011; 96:392-402. [DOI: 10.1016/j.nlm.2011.06.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2011] [Revised: 05/06/2011] [Accepted: 06/28/2011] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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An expedient atom-efficient synthesis of the cannabinoid CB1 receptor inverse agonist ibipinabant. Tetrahedron Lett 2011. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tetlet.2011.01.068] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
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de Bruin NMWJ, Lange JHM, Kruse CG, Herremans AH, Schoffelmeer ANM, van Drimmelen M, De Vries TJ. SLV330, a cannabinoid CB(1) receptor antagonist, attenuates ethanol and nicotine seeking and improves inhibitory response control in rats. Behav Brain Res 2010; 217:408-15. [PMID: 21074574 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbr.2010.11.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2010] [Revised: 11/01/2010] [Accepted: 11/05/2010] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
Cannabinoid CB(1) receptor (CB(1)R) signaling has been shown to play a role in the regulation of addictive behavior. In the present study, our aim was to investigate whether the CB(1)R antagonist SLV330 could reduce ethanol and nicotine self-administration and cue-induced reinstatement of ethanol and nicotine seeking behavior in Wistar rats. In operant chambers, rats were learned to emit a specific response (nose poke) in order to receive an ethanol solution or intravenous injections of nicotine. Discrete light and tone cues were presented during ethanol and nicotine delivery. These cues are particularly important for drug self-administration behavior and, through Pavlovian conditioning, acquire conditioned reinforcing and motivational properties and are therefore able to generate and maintain drug-seeking behavior. Subsequently, the CB(1)R antagonist SLV330 (doses ranging from 1 to 10mg/kg, given orally, p.o.) was administered to investigate the effects on drug self-administration. In addition, responding for ethanol and nicotine was extinguished. Then, the animals were tested for cue-induced reinstatement of ethanol and nicotine seeking and treated with vehicle or SLV330. Finally, the effects of SLV330 were studied on the number of anticipatory responses in the 5-choice serial reaction time task (5-CSRTT) in order to determine whether this compound could also increase impulse control in Wistar rats. The CB(1) antagonist SLV330 was effective in reducing ethanol self-administration at a lowest effective dose (LED) of 10mg/kg (p.o.) and reinstatement of ethanol seeking at a LED of 3mg/kg (p.o.). SLV330 was also effective in reducing nicotine self-administration and reinstatement of nicotine seeking, although at a LED of 10mg/kg (p.o.). Finally, SLV330 decreased time delay-dependent anticipatory responding (LED of 3.0mg/kg, p.o.), indicating an increased inhibitory control. These findings are in agreement with results reported with other CB(1) antagonists. The combined action of reducing the reinforcing and motivational properties of nicotine and alcohol and the improvement of impulse control supports the idea that the cannabinoid system is a promising target for anti-relapse medication.
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Affiliation(s)
- N M W J de Bruin
- Abbott Healthcare Products BV, C.J. van Houtenlaan 36, 1381 CP Weesp, The Netherlands.
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Lange JHM, van der Neut MAW, Borst AJM, Yildirim M, van Stuivenberg HH, van Vliet BJ, Kruse CG. Probing the cannabinoid CB1/CB2 receptor subtype selectivity limits of 1,2-diarylimidazole-4-carboxamides by fine-tuning their 5-substitution pattern. Bioorg Med Chem Lett 2010; 20:2770-5. [PMID: 20363132 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmcl.2010.03.068] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2010] [Revised: 03/16/2010] [Accepted: 03/16/2010] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
The cannabinoid CB(1)/CB(2) receptor subtype selectivity in the 1,2-diarylimidazole-4-carboxamide series was boosted by fine-tuning its 5-substitution pattern. The presence of the 5-methylsulfonyl group in 11 led to a greater than approximately 840-fold CB(1)/CB(2) subtype selectivity. The compounds 10, 18 and 19 were found more active than rimonabant (1) in a CB(1)-mediated rodent hypotension model after oral administration. Our findings suggest a limited brain exposure of the P-glycoprotein substrates 11, 12 and 21.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jos H M Lange
- Solvay Pharmaceuticals, Research Laboratories, C. J. van Houtenlaan 36, 1381 CP Weesp, The Netherlands.
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