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Ma XL, Ge D, Hu XJ. Evaluation of teplizumab's efficacy and safety in treatment of type 1 diabetes mellitus: A systematic review and meta-analysis. World J Diabetes 2024; 15:1615-1626. [DOI: 10.4239/wjd.v15.i7.1615] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2024] [Revised: 03/05/2024] [Accepted: 04/30/2024] [Indexed: 07/08/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Islets of Langerhans beta cells diminish in autoimmune type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM). Teplizumab, a humanized anti-CD3 monoclonal antibody, may help T1DM. Its long-term implications on clinical T1DM development, safety, and efficacy are unknown.
AIM To assess the effectiveness and safety of teplizumab as a therapeutic intervention for individuals with T1DM.
METHODS A systematic search was conducted using four electronic databases (PubMed, Embase, Scopus, and Cochrane Library) to select publications published in peer-reviewed journals written in English. The odds ratio (OR) and risk ratio (RR) were calculated, along with their 95%CI. We assessed heterogeneity using Cochrane Q and I2 statistics and the appropriate P value.
RESULTS There were 8 randomized controlled trials (RCTs) in the current meta-analysis with a total of 1908 T1DM patients from diverse age cohorts, with 1361 patients receiving Teplizumab and 547 patients receiving a placebo. Teplizumab was found to have a substantial link with a decrease in insulin consumption, with an OR of 4.13 (95%CI: 1.72 to 9.90). Teplizumab is associated with an improved C-peptide response (OR 2.49; 95%CI: 1.62 to 3.81) and a significant change in Glycated haemoglobin A1c (HbA1c) levels in people with type 1 diabetes [OR 1.75 (95%CI: 1.03 to 2.98)], and it has a RR of 0.71 (95%CI: 0.53 to 0.95).
CONCLUSION In type 1 diabetics, teplizumab decreased insulin consumption, improved C-peptide response, and significantly changed HbA1c levels with negligible side effects. Teplizumab appears to improve glycaemic control and diabetes management with good safety and efficacy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiao-Lan Ma
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, The Second Hospital of Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730030, Gansu Province, China
| | - Dan Ge
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, The Second Hospital of Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730030, Gansu Province, China
| | - Xue-Jian Hu
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, The Second Hospital of Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730030, Gansu Province, China
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Song C, Wang D, Chen B. A systematic review and meta-analysis comparing the efficacy and safety of ketamine versus morphine for the treatment of acute pain. Minerva Anestesiol 2024; 90:77-86. [PMID: 37930103 DOI: 10.23736/s0375-9393.23.17561-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Ketamine is reported as a potent opioid alternative that provides significant reduction in pain with no severe adverse events. However, some studies didn't find its use satisfactory and reported less reduction in pain score with ketamine. The purpose of this study is to compare the efficacy and safety of ketamine versus morphine for the treatment of acute pain in emergency situations. EVIDENCE ACQUISITION The PubMed, MEDLINE, PsycINFO EMBASE, Cochrane Library, PROSPERO registry platform, and ClinicalTrials.gov websites were queried in accordance with the PRISMA guidelines in order to locate relevant studies. According to the predefined PICOS criteria, articles were included and event data pertaining to changes in Visual Analog Scale or Numeric Rating Scale pain scales were extracted. Using RevMan and MedCalc, a meta-analysis was conducted to compare the effects of ketamine and morphine for the treatment of acute pain. EVIDENCE SYNTHESIS Twelve studies met the criteria for inclusion in this meta-analysis. Ketamine was found to be more effective than morphine at reducing pain scores, with an odds ratio of 0.60 (95% CI 0.48 to 0.76). Similarly, no severe adverse events related to ketamine were reported in any study, and it has a low-risk ratio of 0.78 (95% CI 0.70 to 0.87). Egger's Test P values (0.3052) and Begg's Test P values (0.3869) indicate a low risk of bias, and the Bland-Altman plot demonstrates a high degree of concordance. CONCLUSIONS Ketamine is a potent and effective alternative to morphine for the management of acute pain, and it reduces pain score significantly with minimal side effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cheng Song
- Department of Anesthesiology, Affiliated Hospital of Shaoxing University, Shaoxing, China
| | - Dong Wang
- Department of Anesthesiology, First People's Hospital of Yongkang, Yongkang, China
| | - Bin Chen
- Department of Anesthesiology, Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine of Taizhou, Taizhou, China -
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Luo R, Zhang T, Wang L, Feng Y. Emissions and mitigation potential of endocrine disruptors during outdoor exercise: Fate, transport, and implications for human health. ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2023; 236:116575. [PMID: 37487926 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2023.116575] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2023] [Revised: 06/29/2023] [Accepted: 07/06/2023] [Indexed: 07/26/2023]
Abstract
The endocrine system is responsible for secreting and controlling hormones crucial in regulating key body activities. However, endocrine disruptors or endocrine-disrupting chemicals (EDCs) can harm human health and well-being by interfering with this complex process. This report seeks to assess the present state of understanding about endocrine disruptors in China, including their origins, impacts, and obstacles, and to provide actionable recommendations for reducing exposure and mitigating negative effects. Strong negative correlations between ANOE and rural ecological compensation (REC) and a negative correlation between ANOE and forest coverage (FC) were found in this analysis of the relationships between agricultural nitrous oxide emissions (ANOE), agricultural methane emissions (AME), and land use and land cover variables (LUPC). Just as LUPC is significantly inversely related to FC, AME is positively related. The team uses a gradient-boosted model (GBM) with a Gaussian loss function and fine-tunes the model's parameters to achieve optimal performance and reliable prediction results. With a relative relevance score of 90.36 for ANOE and 67.64 for AME, the analysis shows that LUPC is the most important factor in influencing emission levels. This study aims to increase knowledge of endocrine disruptors' potential advantages and disadvantages in outdoor exercise. The study aims to aid in preventing and managing many diseases and disorders caused by hormonal imbalances or disruptions by examining the origins, effects, and potential mitigation of these substances during outdoor activity. Safe and healthful outdoor exercise is promoted by the study's efforts to discover and implement effective and sustainable solutions to decrease emissions and exposure to endocrine disruptors. This comprehensive study aims to promote a healthier and more sustainable environment for individuals engaging in outdoor exercise by synthesizing current knowledge, providing practical recommendations, and emphasizing the importance of awareness and action.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rui Luo
- Chengdu Sport University, Tiyuan Road, Chengdu, Sichuan Province, 610041, China; College of Sports and Leisure, Sichuan Tourism University, No. 459, Hongling Road, Longquanyi District, Chengdu City, Sichuan Province, 610100, China.
| | - Tao Zhang
- College of Sports and Leisure, Sichuan Tourism University, No. 459, Hongling Road, Longquanyi District, Chengdu City, Sichuan Province, 610100, China
| | - Li Wang
- College of Sports and Leisure, Sichuan Tourism University, No. 459, Hongling Road, Longquanyi District, Chengdu City, Sichuan Province, 610100, China
| | - Yong Feng
- College of Sports and Leisure, Sichuan Tourism University, No. 459, Hongling Road, Longquanyi District, Chengdu City, Sichuan Province, 610100, China
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Case report: a rare presentation of typhoid fever due to eating over-ripened pineapple. Ann Med Surg (Lond) 2023; 85:211-213. [PMID: 36845782 PMCID: PMC9949857 DOI: 10.1097/ms9.0000000000000134] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2022] [Accepted: 12/22/2022] [Indexed: 02/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Typhoid fever is an acute infection caused by Salmonella typhi, especially when it is waterborne or foodborne. Overripe pineapple causes typhoid fever because overripe pineapple is a desirable host for the survival of S. typhi. The importance of typhoid fever as a public health burden is reduced by early detection and appropriate antibiotic treatment. Case Presentation A 26-year-old black African male health care worker was admitted to the clinic on 21 July 2022, with a significant chief complaint of headache, loss of appetite, and watery diarrhea. The admitted patient presented with a 2-day history of hyperthermia, headache, loss of appetite, and watery diarrhea, as well as back pain, joint weakness, and insomnia. The H antigen titer was positive, which was 1 : 189 greater than the normal range and showed the past history of S. typhi infection. The O antigen titer value detected was a false negative result because it was done before the 7-day onset of fever. On admission, ciprofloxacillin 500 mg was given orally twice a day for 7 days to treat typhoid by inhibiting the deoxyribonucleic acid replication of S. typhi by preventing S. typhi deoxyribonucleic acid topoisomerase and deoxyribonucleic acid gyrase. Clinical Discussion Typhoid fever pathogenesis is based on pathogenic factors, infecting species, and host immunity. By using the agglutination biochemical test, the Widal test was able to identify the patient's bloodstream as carrying the S. typhi bacteria that causes typhoid fever. Conclusion Due to contaminated food or unsafe drinking water sources, typhoid fever is associated with travel to developing nations.
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YAN S, Lü Y, LIU Z, REN M, HE H, XIAO L, GUO F, PENG M, LI X, WANG Y, XU X, YANG T, SHAO Z, HUANG J, XIAO M. Mining intrinsic information of convalescent patients after suffering coronavirus disease 2019 in Wuhan. J TRADIT CHIN MED 2022; 42:279-288. [PMID: 35473350 PMCID: PMC9924780 DOI: 10.19852/j.cnki.jtcm.20220225.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/16/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To summarize the potential characteristics of convalescent patients with coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) in China based on emerging clinical tongue data and guide the treatment and recovery of COVID-19 patients from the perspective of Traditional Chinese Medicine tongue diagnosis. METHODS In this study, we developed and validated radiomics-based and lab-based methods as a novel approach to provide individualized pretreatment evaluation by analyzing different features to mine the orderliness behind tongue data of convalescent patients. In addition, this study analyzed the tongue features of convalescent patients from clinical tongue qualitative values, including thick and thin, fur, peeling, fat and lean, tooth marks and cracked, and greasy and putrid fur. RESULTS We included 2164 tongue images in total (34% from day 0, 35.4% from day 14 and 30.6% from day 28) from convalescent patients. The significance results are shown as follows. Firstly, as the recovery time prolongs, the L average values of tongue and coat decrease from 60.21 to 57.18 and from 60.06 to 57.03 respectively. Secondly, the decrease of abnormality rate of tongue coat, included greasy tongue fur, putrid fur, teeth-mark, thick-thin fur, are of significant statistical difference ( < 0.05). Thirdly, the average value of gray-level co-occurrence matrices increases from 0.173 to 0.194, the average value of entropy increases from 0.606 to 0.665, the average value of inverse difference normalized decrease from 0.981 to 0.979, and the average value of dissimilarity decrease from 0.1576 to 0.1828. The details of other radiomics features are describe in results section. CONCLUSIONS Our experiment shows that patients in different recovery periods have a relationship with quantitative values of tongue images, including L color space of the tongue and coat radiomics features analysis. This relationship can help clinical doctors master the recovery and health of patients as soon as possible and improve their understanding of the potential mechanisms underlying the dynamic changes and mechanisms underlying COVID-19.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shixing YAN
- 1 Department of TCM Data Intelligence, Shanghai Daosh Medical Technology Co., Ltd., Shanghai 201200, China
| | - Yi Lü
- 2 Hepatic Disease Institute, Hubei Key Laboratory of Theoretical and Applied Research of Liver and Kidney in Traditional Chinese Medicine, Hubei Provincial Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Wuhan 430061, China; Affiliated Hospital of Hubei University of Chinese Medicine, Wuhan 430061, China; Hubei Academy of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Wuhan 430074, China
| | - Ziqing LIU
- 3 Electronical Medical Records and Information Management Center, Yueyang Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Shanghai 200437, China
| | - Meng REN
- 2 Hepatic Disease Institute, Hubei Key Laboratory of Theoretical and Applied Research of Liver and Kidney in Traditional Chinese Medicine, Hubei Provincial Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Wuhan 430061, China; Affiliated Hospital of Hubei University of Chinese Medicine, Wuhan 430061, China; Hubei Academy of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Wuhan 430074, China
| | - Haiyang HE
- 1 Department of TCM Data Intelligence, Shanghai Daosh Medical Technology Co., Ltd., Shanghai 201200, China
| | - Li XIAO
- 5 College of Acupuncture and Massage, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 201203, China
| | - Feng GUO
- 1 Department of TCM Data Intelligence, Shanghai Daosh Medical Technology Co., Ltd., Shanghai 201200, China
| | - Miao PENG
- 2 Hepatic Disease Institute, Hubei Key Laboratory of Theoretical and Applied Research of Liver and Kidney in Traditional Chinese Medicine, Hubei Provincial Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Wuhan 430061, China; Affiliated Hospital of Hubei University of Chinese Medicine, Wuhan 430061, China; Hubei Academy of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Wuhan 430074, China
| | - Xiaoxia LI
- 1 Department of TCM Data Intelligence, Shanghai Daosh Medical Technology Co., Ltd., Shanghai 201200, China
| | - Yong WANG
- 4 Chinese Medicine Development research Center, Shanghai Literature Institute of TCM, Shanghai 200025, China
| | - Xi XU
- 2 Hepatic Disease Institute, Hubei Key Laboratory of Theoretical and Applied Research of Liver and Kidney in Traditional Chinese Medicine, Hubei Provincial Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Wuhan 430061, China; Affiliated Hospital of Hubei University of Chinese Medicine, Wuhan 430061, China; Hubei Academy of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Wuhan 430074, China
| | - Tao YANG
- 6 College of Artificial Intelligence and Information Technology, Institute of Information and Technology Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Zuoyu SHAO
- 2 Hepatic Disease Institute, Hubei Key Laboratory of Theoretical and Applied Research of Liver and Kidney in Traditional Chinese Medicine, Hubei Provincial Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Wuhan 430061, China; Affiliated Hospital of Hubei University of Chinese Medicine, Wuhan 430061, China; Hubei Academy of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Wuhan 430074, China
| | - Jingjing HUANG
- 2 Hepatic Disease Institute, Hubei Key Laboratory of Theoretical and Applied Research of Liver and Kidney in Traditional Chinese Medicine, Hubei Provincial Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Wuhan 430061, China; Affiliated Hospital of Hubei University of Chinese Medicine, Wuhan 430061, China; Hubei Academy of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Wuhan 430074, China
| | - Mingzhong XIAO
- 2 Hepatic Disease Institute, Hubei Key Laboratory of Theoretical and Applied Research of Liver and Kidney in Traditional Chinese Medicine, Hubei Provincial Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Wuhan 430061, China; Affiliated Hospital of Hubei University of Chinese Medicine, Wuhan 430061, China; Hubei Academy of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Wuhan 430074, China
- Dr. XIAO Mingzhong, Hepatic Disease Institute, Hubei Key Laboratory of Theoretical and Applied Research of Liver and Kidney in Traditional Chinese Medicine, Hubei Provincial Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Wuhan 430061, China; Affifiliated Hospital of Hubei University of Chinese Medicine, Wuhan 430061, China; Hubei Academy of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Wuhan 430074, China. , Telephone: +86-18908640865
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Feng L, Zhao Y, Sun Y, Zhao W, Tang J. Action Recognition Using a Spatial-Temporal Network for Wild Felines. Animals (Basel) 2021; 11:485. [PMID: 33673162 PMCID: PMC7917733 DOI: 10.3390/ani11020485] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2020] [Revised: 01/22/2021] [Accepted: 02/08/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Behavior analysis of wild felines has significance for the protection of a grassland ecological environment. Compared with human action recognition, fewer researchers have focused on feline behavior analysis. This paper proposes a novel two-stream architecture that incorporates spatial and temporal networks for wild feline action recognition. The spatial portion outlines the object region extracted by Mask region-based convolutional neural network (R-CNN) and builds a Tiny Visual Geometry Group (VGG) network for static action recognition. Compared with VGG16, the Tiny VGG network can reduce the number of network parameters and avoid overfitting. The temporal part presents a novel skeleton-based action recognition model based on the bending angle fluctuation amplitude of the knee joints in a video clip. Due to its temporal features, the model can effectively distinguish between different upright actions, such as standing, ambling, and galloping, particularly when the felines are occluded by objects such as plants, fallen trees, and so on. The experimental results showed that the proposed two-stream network model can effectively outline the wild feline targets in captured images and can significantly improve the performance of wild feline action recognition due to its spatial and temporal features.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liqi Feng
- College of Mechanical and Electronic Engineering, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing 210037, China; (L.F.); (W.Z.); (J.T.)
| | - Yaqin Zhao
- College of Mechanical and Electronic Engineering, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing 210037, China; (L.F.); (W.Z.); (J.T.)
| | - Yichao Sun
- Kidswant Children Products Co., Ltd., Nanjing 211135, China;
| | - Wenxuan Zhao
- College of Mechanical and Electronic Engineering, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing 210037, China; (L.F.); (W.Z.); (J.T.)
| | - Jiaxi Tang
- College of Mechanical and Electronic Engineering, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing 210037, China; (L.F.); (W.Z.); (J.T.)
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