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Serafin P, Kleczkowska P. Bombesins: A New Frontier in Hybrid Compound Development. Pharmaceutics 2023; 15:2597. [PMID: 38004575 PMCID: PMC10674911 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics15112597] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2023] [Revised: 11/03/2023] [Accepted: 11/06/2023] [Indexed: 11/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Recently, bombesin (BN) and its analogs have attracted much attention as excellent anticancer agents because they interact with specific receptors widely distributed on the surface of various cancer cells. However, their biological properties proceed far beyond this, given a broad spectrum of activity. Bombesin receptor ligands are effective drugs for the treatment of rheumatoid arthritis or gastrointestinal diseases. However, most diseases are complex, and the use of polytherapy may lead to pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic drug-drug interactions, resulting in side effects. Therefore, there is a need to develop effective compounds that also contain BN or its analogs, which are combined with other structural entities, thus generating a so-called hybrid drug. Hybrid drugs that contain bombesin pharmacophore(s) may be proposed as a solution to the problem of polytherapy or the lack of an effective cure. Such structures have now demonstrated the desired efficacy, though information on these aforementioned compounds is relatively scarce. Therefore, our paper aims to encourage researchers to focus on bombesins. Herein, we indicate that the hybrid approach should also be firmly applied to bombesins and the BN receptor family. This paper's structure is divided into two main sections demonstrating bombesins and their properties, as well as recent data on bombesin-based hybrid compounds and their potential usefulness in medicine. Overall, it refers to the discovery and synthesis of modified bombesin-based hybrid compounds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pawel Serafin
- Military Institute of Hygiene and Epidemiology, 01-163 Warsaw, Poland;
| | - Patrycja Kleczkowska
- Military Institute of Hygiene and Epidemiology, 01-163 Warsaw, Poland;
- Maria Sklodowska-Curie, Medical Academy in Warsaw, Solidarnosci 12 Str., 03-411 Warsaw, Poland
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Gholami Ahmadabadi K, Zendehdel M, Vazir B, Asghari A, Babapour V. Possible effects of the central adrenergic and dopaminergic receptors on hypophagia induced by neuromedin S in neonatal layer-type chicks. Gen Comp Endocrinol 2022; 321-322:114032. [PMID: 35331741 DOI: 10.1016/j.ygcen.2022.114032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2021] [Revised: 02/13/2022] [Accepted: 03/19/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
The current study was aimed to determine the possible effects of the central adrenergic and dopaminergic receptors in neuromedin S (NMS)-induced hypophagia in neonatal layer-type chickens. In the first experiment, control solution, and NMS (0.25, 0.5, and 1 nmol), were injected (intracerebroventricular (ICV)) in chickens. In the second experiment, birds were injected with a control solution,SCH23390 (D1receptor antagonist, 5 nmol), NMS (1 nmol), and a combination of the SCH23390 + NMS. Experiments 3-11 were similar to experiment 2, except that chickens were injected withAMI-193 (D2receptor antagonist, 5 nmol), NGB2904(D3receptor antagonist, 6.4 nmol), L-741,742(D4receptor antagonist, 6 nmol), 6-OHDA(6-hydroxydopamine, 2.5 nmol),Prazosin(α1receptor antagonist, 10 nmol),Yohimbine(α2receptor antagonist, 13 nmol),Metoprolol(β1receptor antagonist receptor, 24 nmol),ICI 118,551 (β2receptor antagonist, 5 nmol),SR 59230R (β3 receptor antagonist, 20 nmol) instead ofSCH23390. Then, cumulative food intake was recorded at 30, 60, and 120 min following the injection. According to the results, food intake was significantly decreased after ICV injection of NMS in a dose -dependent manner (P < 0.05). Also, the co-injection of the SCH23390 + NMS significantly attenuated NMS-induced hypophagia (P < 0.05). The co-administration of AMI-193 + NMS significantly reduced NMS- induced hypophagia (P < 0.05). In addition, the co-injection of ICI 118,551 + NMS and 6-OHDA + NMS considerably decreased NMS-induced food consumption (P < 0.05). However, NGB2904, L-741742, Prazosin, Yohimbine, Metoprolol and SR 59230R had no effect on hypophagia induced by NMS (P > 0.05). These results demonstrated thatNMS- induced hypophagia might be mediated by D1/D2 dopaminergic andβ2adrenergic receptors in neonatal layer-type chickens.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kourosh Gholami Ahmadabadi
- Department of Basic Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Science and Research Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Morteza Zendehdel
- Department of Basic Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Tehran, 14155-6453 Tehran, Iran.
| | - Bita Vazir
- Department of Basic Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Science and Research Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Ahamd Asghari
- Department of Clinical Science, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Science and Research Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Vahab Babapour
- Department of Basic Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Tehran, 14155-6453 Tehran, Iran
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Central regulation of feeding behavior through neuropeptides and amino acids in neonatal chicks. Amino Acids 2019; 51:1129-1152. [DOI: 10.1007/s00726-019-02762-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2019] [Accepted: 07/05/2019] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
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El-Naggar K, El-Kassas S, Abdo SE, Kirrella AAK, Al Wakeel RA. Role of gamma-aminobutyric acid in regulating feed intake in commercial broilers reared under normal and heat stress conditions. J Therm Biol 2019; 84:164-175. [PMID: 31466750 DOI: 10.1016/j.jtherbio.2019.07.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2018] [Revised: 06/22/2019] [Accepted: 07/01/2019] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
This study was conducted to investigate the effects of dietary GABA supplementation on blood biochemical parameters, the overall growth performance, and the relative mRNA expression of some FI- regulating genes in broiler chickens. A total of 192, three-day old chicks of mixed sex from two commercial broiler strains (Ross 308 and Cobb 500) were distributed into 2 groups; a control group and GABA-supplemented group (100 mg/kg diet). When the chicks reached 21 days of age, each group of each strain was randomly subdivided into two subgroups: one was exposed to HS (33 ± 2 °C for 5 h/day for 2 weeks), while the other remained at thermoneutral temperature (24 °C). GABA significantly improved bird growth performance under normal and HS conditions, by increasing body weight (BW), weight gain (WG), and FI and significantly reduced the elevated body temperature of birds under HS. GABA supplementation increased FI by reducing the mRNA expression levels of FI-inhibiting neuropeptides, such as POMC, leptin, Ghrelin, and CCK, during HS and by increasing the expression of FI-stimulating neuropeptides such as AgRP and NPY. Moreover, GABA significantly altered FAS and ACC gene expression, resulting in significant increases in abdominal fat content in birds reared normally. In contrast, GABA lowered fat content in Cobb birds and increased it in Ross birds under HS. Therefore, GABA (100 mg/kg diet) is a strong FI-stimulating neurotransmitter and its regulatory effects depend on broiler strain and housing temperature.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karima El-Naggar
- Department of Nutrition and Veterinary Clinical Nutrition, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Alexandria University, 22758, Egypt.
| | - Seham El-Kassas
- Animal, Poultry and Fish Breeding and Production, Department of Animal Wealth Development, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Kafrelsheikh University, Egypt
| | - Safaa E Abdo
- Genetics and Genetic Engineering, Department of Animal Wealth Development, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Kafrelsheikh University, Egypt
| | - Abeer A K Kirrella
- Poultry Physiology, Poultry Production Department, Faculty of Agriculture, Kafrelsheikh University, Egypt
| | - Rasha A Al Wakeel
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Kafrelsheikh University, Egypt
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Li Z, Liu X, Zhang P, Han R, Sun G, Jiang R, Wang Y, Liu X, Li W, Kang X, Tian Y. Comparative transcriptome analysis of hypothalamus-regulated feed intake induced by exogenous visfatin in chicks. BMC Genomics 2018; 19:249. [PMID: 29642854 PMCID: PMC5896085 DOI: 10.1186/s12864-018-4644-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2017] [Accepted: 04/03/2018] [Indexed: 01/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Background The intracerebroventricular injection of visfatin increases feed intake. However, little is known about the molecular mechanism in chicks. This study was conducted to assess the effect of visfatin on the feeding behavior of chicks and the associated molecular mechanism. Results In response to the intraventricular injection of 40 ng and 400 ng visfatin, feed intake in chicks was significantly increased, and the concentrations of glucose, insulin, TG, HDL and LDL were significantly altered. Using RNA-seq, we identified DEGs in the chick hypothalamus at 60 min after injection with various doses of visfatin. In total, 325, 85 and 519 DEGs were identified in the treated chick hypothalamus in the LT vs C, HT vs C and LT vs HT comparisons, respectively. The changes in the expression profiles of DEGs, GO functional categories, KEGG pathways, and PPI networks by visfatin-mediated regulation of feed intake were analyzed. The DEGs were grouped into 8 clusters based on their expression patterns via K-mean clustering; there were 14 appetite-related DEGs enriched in the hormone activity GO term. The neuroactive ligand-receptor interaction pathway was the key pathway affected by visfatin. The PPI analysis of DEGs showed that POMC was a hub gene that interacted with the maximum number of nodes and ingestion-related pathways, including POMC, CRH, AgRP, NPY, TRH, VIP, NPYL, CGA and TSHB. Conclusion These common DEGs were enriched in the hormone activity GO term and the neuroactive ligand-receptor interaction pathway. Therefore, visfatin causes hyperphagia via the POMC/CRH and NPY/AgRP signaling pathways. These results provide valuable information about the molecular mechanisms of the regulation of food intake by visfatin. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (10.1186/s12864-018-4644-7) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhuanjian Li
- College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, 450002, China
| | - Xuelian Liu
- College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, 450002, China
| | - Panpan Zhang
- College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, 450002, China
| | - Ruili Han
- College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, 450002, China
| | - Guirong Sun
- College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, 450002, China
| | - Ruirui Jiang
- College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, 450002, China
| | - Yanbin Wang
- College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, 450002, China
| | - Xiaojun Liu
- College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, 450002, China
| | - Wenya Li
- College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, 450002, China
| | - Xiangtao Kang
- College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, 450002, China
| | - Yadong Tian
- College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, 450002, China.
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McConn BR, Cline MA, Gilbert ER. Dietary macronutrient composition and central neuropeptide Y injection affect dietary preference and hypothalamic gene expression in chicks. Nutr Neurosci 2017; 21:403-413. [PMID: 28279130 DOI: 10.1080/1028415x.2017.1296606] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The objective of this study was to determine the influence of dietary macronutrient composition on central NPY's orexigenic effect in chicks. METHODS Day-of-hatch chicks were fed one of three diets (3000 kcal ME/kg) ad libitum from hatch: high carbohydrate (HC), high fat (HF; 30% ME derived from soybean oil), and high protein (HP; 25 vs. 22% CP). In Experiment 1, chicks received intracerebroventricular injections of 0 (vehicle), 0.2, or 2.0 nmol NPY on day 4 and food intake was recorded for 6 hours. In Experiment 2, chicks were given all three diets before and after injection. In Experiment 3, hypothalamus was collected at 1-hour post-injection for gene expression analysis. RESULTS The HC diet-fed chicks responded with a greater increase, while the chicks fed the HF diet had a lower threshold response in food intake to NPY. Neuropeptide Y dose-dependently increased food intake in chicks fed the HC and HP diets. Chicks administered 0.2 nmol NPY preferred the HC and HP diets over the HF diet. Relative quantities of hypothalamic NPYR1 and MC4R mRNA were reduced by NPY in chicks that consumed the HP and HC diets, respectively. DISCUSSION Consumption of the HC diet was associated with the most robust NPY-induced increase in food intake. Injection of NPY accentuated differences among dietary groups in hypothalamic gene expression of several appetite-associated factors, results suggesting that the NPY/agouti-related peptide and melanocortin pathways are associated with some of the diet- and NPY-induced differences observed in this study.
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Affiliation(s)
- Betty R McConn
- a Department of Animal and Poultry Sciences , Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University , Blacksburg , VA , USA
| | - Mark A Cline
- a Department of Animal and Poultry Sciences , Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University , Blacksburg , VA , USA
| | - Elizabeth R Gilbert
- a Department of Animal and Poultry Sciences , Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University , Blacksburg , VA , USA
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Tachibana T, Matsuda K, Sawa H, Mikami A, Ueda H, Cline MA. Differential thresholds of neuromedins B-, C-, and bombesin-induced anorexia and crop-emptying rate in chicks. Gen Comp Endocrinol 2010; 169:144-50. [PMID: 20727356 DOI: 10.1016/j.ygcen.2010.08.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2010] [Revised: 08/07/2010] [Accepted: 08/11/2010] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
Neuromedin B (NMB) and neuromedin C (NMC) are homologs of bombesin and are distributed throughout both the brain and gastrointestinal tract. The physiological roles of these bombesin-like peptides in chicks (Gallus gallus) have not been documented. Therefore, the purpose of the present study was to measure the effects of these bombesin-like peptides on food intake, crop-emptying rate and body temperature in chicks, and then to compare these effects with those of bombesin. Intracerebroventricular (ICV, 5 nmol) and intraperitoneal (IP, 300 nmol/kg) injections of NMB, NMC, and bombesin significantly decreased food deprivation-induced food intake. When ICV injected (5 nmol), all three peptides significantly reduced crop-emptying rate. IP injection of NMC and bombesin (300 nmol/kg) also reduced crop-emptying rate while NMB did not. The magnitude of food intake suppression and crop-emptying rate reduction were greater for bombesin than NMB and NMC. ICV and IP injections of NMB, NMC and bombesin did not affect cloacal temperature. In sum, the present study suggests that central and peripheral NMB and NMC are associated with reduced food intake and crop-emptying of chicks, but these effects are weaker than those of bombesin.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tetsuya Tachibana
- Department of Agrobiological Science, Faculty of Agriculture, Ehime University, Matsuyama, Japan.
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Tachibana T, Matsuda K, Khan SI, Ueda H, Cline MA. Feeding and drinking response following central administrations of bombesin-like peptides in chicks. Comp Biochem Physiol A Mol Integr Physiol 2010; 156:394-9. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cbpa.2010.03.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2010] [Revised: 03/10/2010] [Accepted: 03/10/2010] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
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Cline MA, Cofield SA, Tachibana T. Central litorin injection is associated with primary anorexigenic effects that coincide with activation of the magnocellular division of the paraventricular nucleus. Neuropeptides 2010; 44:247-52. [PMID: 20116849 DOI: 10.1016/j.npep.2009.12.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2009] [Revised: 11/29/2009] [Accepted: 12/21/2009] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
The central mechanism that mediates litorin-induced satiety is poorly understood, and has not been studied in a non-mammalian species. Therefore, the aim of this study was to determine if litorin-induced satiety in an alternative vertebrate model, the chick, and to elucidate some of the central mechanisms that are associated with this response. In Experiment 1, chicks responded to intracerebroventricular (ICV) injection of litorin with reduced food intake at all doses tested (0.1, 1.0, and 10 nmol), while concurrently, an anti-dipsogenic effect was observed in the two higher doses tested. Whole blood glucose concentrations were not affected. In Experiment 2, chicks that were food-withheld did not reduce their water intake after ICV litorin injection. To determine if litorin affected behaviors unrelated to ingestion, a comprehensive behavior analysis was conducted as Experiment 3. Of the behaviors observed, only the number of feeding pecks was reduced. Other behaviors such as movement, defecation, escape, posture, or deep rest were not affected. Lastly, in Experiment 4, litorin-treated chicks had an increased number of c-Fos immunoreactive cells in the magnocellular division of the paraventricular nucleus. The arcuate nucleus, dorsomedial nucleus, lateral hypothalamus, parvicellular division of the paraventricular nucleus, suprachiasmatic nucleus, periventricular nucleus and the ventromedial hypothalamus were not affected. Therefore, we conclude that ICV litorin causes anorexigenic effects in chicks associated with changes in hypothalamic chemistry that appear to be behavior specific.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mark A Cline
- Department of Biology (6931), Radford University, Radford, VA 24142, USA.
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Tachibana T, Matsuda K, Khan MSI, Ueda H, Cline MA. Feeding and drinking response following central administration of neuromedin S in chicks. Comp Biochem Physiol A Mol Integr Physiol 2010; 157:63-7. [PMID: 20451649 DOI: 10.1016/j.cbpa.2010.04.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2010] [Revised: 04/28/2010] [Accepted: 04/29/2010] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
Neuromedin S (NMS) is recognized as an anorexigenic peptide in the brain of mammals. In chicks (Gallus gallus), however, the effect of NMS has not been investigated. Therefore, the purpose of the present study was to investigate whether intracerebroventricular (ICV) injection of NMS affected feeding and drinking behavior in chicks. The injection of NMS (0.01-1 nmol) significantly decreased food intake under both ad libitum and food deprivation-induced feeding conditions. However, NMS did not affect water deprivation-induced drinking behavior. ICV injection of NMS stimulated voluntary locomotion and wing-flapping behavior. In addition, we found that those effects of NMS might be related to the hypothalamus-pituitary-adrenal axis because ICV injection of NMS stimulated corticosterone release. The present study suggests that central NMS functions an anorexigenic factor in chicks.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tetsuya Tachibana
- Department of Agrobiological Science, Faculty of Agriculture, Ehime University, Matsuyama 790-8566, Japan.
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Satiety induced by central stresscopin is mediated by corticotrophin-releasing factor receptors and hypothalamic changes in chicks. Pharmacol Biochem Behav 2009; 92:663-9. [DOI: 10.1016/j.pbb.2009.03.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2008] [Revised: 03/10/2009] [Accepted: 03/17/2009] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
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