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Li J, Sun Y, Qiu W, Zhou Y, Zhou D, Zhao Y, Liu A, Yuan Y, Guo W. Liangxue Tongyu prescription attenuates neuroinflammation by increasing cholecystokinin octapeptide in acute intracerebral hemorrhage rats. Neuropeptides 2024; 107:102452. [PMID: 38941823 DOI: 10.1016/j.npep.2024.102452] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2024] [Revised: 06/21/2024] [Accepted: 06/23/2024] [Indexed: 06/30/2024]
Abstract
Inflammatory reactions after acute intracerebral hemorrhage (AICH) contribute significantly to a poor prognosis. Liangxue Tongyu Prescription (LTP) has been proven to be clinically effective in treating AICH. Numerous studies have shown that LTP suppresses brain inflammatory damage in AICH, while the internal mechanisms underlying its action remain unclear. The aim of this study was to verify the anti-inflammatory effects of LTP on an AICH rat model and investigate the potential mechanisms. The AICH rat models were created by injecting autologous blood into the right caudate nucleus. LTP markedly decreased cerebral hematoma and brain water content and recovered from neurological deficits. Meanwhile, LTP prevented microglial activation and reduced the inflammatory reaction caused by pro-inflammatory cytokines, such as tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), interleukin-1β (IL-1β) and interleukin-6 (IL-6). Notably, the expression of cholecystokinin octapeptide (CCK-8) in the brain and intestine was increased by LTP or CCK-8 treatment. LTP further suppressed nuclear factor kappa B (NF-κB) in the brains of rats with AICH. Moreover, LTP increased the protein and mRNA expression of Occludin and Claudin-1 in the intestine and decreased the levels of lipopolysaccharide (LPS) and diamine oxidase (DAO) in serum. Furthermore, the results showed that LTP increased the protein and mRNA expression of Claudin-5 and zonula occludens-1 (ZO-1) in the brain. CCK-8 receptor antagonists increased the expression of NF-κB and the concentration of pro-inflammatory cytokines. These findings suggested that LTP attenuated neuroinflammation by increasing CCK-8 in the brain and intestine, and its mechanism might be related to alterations in the gut-brain axis (GBA).
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Affiliation(s)
- Jianxiang Li
- School of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210023, China; Department of Neurology, Nanjing Hospital of Chinese Medicine Affiliated to Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210022, China
| | - Yingying Sun
- First Clinical Medical College, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210023, China
| | - Wenzhe Qiu
- School of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210023, China
| | - Yu Zhou
- First Clinical Medical College, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210023, China
| | - Dandan Zhou
- First Clinical Medical College, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210023, China
| | - Yang Zhao
- First Clinical Medical College, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210023, China
| | - Anlan Liu
- First Clinical Medical College, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210023, China
| | - Yuan Yuan
- First Clinical Medical College, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210023, China.
| | - Weifeng Guo
- First Clinical Medical College, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210023, China.
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Longitudinal Observation of Asymmetric Iron Deposition in an Intracerebral Hemorrhage Model Using Quantitative Susceptibility Mapping. Symmetry (Basel) 2022. [DOI: 10.3390/sym14020350] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Quantitative susceptibility mapping (QSM) is used to obtain quantitative magnetic susceptibility maps of materials from magnitude and phase images acquired by three-dimensional gradient-echo using inverse problem-solving. Few preclinical studies have evaluated the intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH) model and asymmetric iron deposition. We created a rat model of ICH and compared QSM and conventional magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) during the longitudinal evaluation of ICH. Collagenase was injected in the right striatum of 12-week-old Wistar rats. QSM and conventional MRI were performed on days 0, 1, 7, and 28 after surgery using 7-Tesla MRI. Susceptibility, normalized signal value, and area of the hemorrhage site were statistically compared during image analysis. Susceptibility decreased monotonically up to day 7 but increased on day 28. Other imaging methods showed a significant increase in signal from day 0 to day 1 but a decreasing trend after day 1. During the area evaluation, conventional MRI methods showed an increase from day 0 to day 1; however, decreases were observed thereafter. QSM showed a significant increase from day 0 to day 1. The temporal evaluation of ICH by QSM suggested the possibility of detecting of asymmetric iron deposition for normal brain site.
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Kimber-Trojnar Ż, Pilszyk A, Niebrzydowska M, Pilszyk Z, Ruszała M, Leszczyńska-Gorzelak B. The Potential of Non-Invasive Biomarkers for Early Diagnosis of Asymptomatic Patients with Endometriosis. J Clin Med 2021; 10:2762. [PMID: 34201813 PMCID: PMC8268879 DOI: 10.3390/jcm10132762] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2021] [Revised: 06/13/2021] [Accepted: 06/17/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Endometriosis is a disease that affects women of reproductive age and has a significantly negative impact on their well-being. The main symptoms are dysmenorrhoea, chronic pelvic pain and infertility. In many patients the diagnostic process is very long and can take up to 8-12 years. Laparoscopy, an invasive method, is still necessary to confirm the diagnosis. Therefore, development of more effective diagnostic markers appears to be of the utmost importance for early diagnosis of endometriosis and provision of appropriate treatment. From a clinical point of view, detection of early-stage endometriosis in asymptomatic patients is an ideal situation since early diagnosis of endometriosis may delay the onset of symptoms as well as prevent progression and complications. In the meantime, Cancer Antigen 125 (CA-125) is still the most frequently studied and used marker. Other glycoproteins, growth factors and immune markers seem to play an important role. However, the search for an ideal endometriosis marker is still underway. Further studies into the pathogenesis of endometriosis will help to identify biomarkers or sets of biomarkers with the potential to improve and speed up the diagnostic process in a non-invasive way.
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Affiliation(s)
- Żaneta Kimber-Trojnar
- Department of Obstetrics and Perinatology, Medical University of Lublin, 20-090 Lublin, Poland; (A.P.); (M.N.); (M.R.); (B.L.-G.)
| | - Aleksandra Pilszyk
- Department of Obstetrics and Perinatology, Medical University of Lublin, 20-090 Lublin, Poland; (A.P.); (M.N.); (M.R.); (B.L.-G.)
| | - Magdalena Niebrzydowska
- Department of Obstetrics and Perinatology, Medical University of Lublin, 20-090 Lublin, Poland; (A.P.); (M.N.); (M.R.); (B.L.-G.)
| | - Zuzanna Pilszyk
- Scientific Association at the 2nd Clinic of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Wroclaw Medical University, 50-367 Wrocław, Poland;
| | - Monika Ruszała
- Department of Obstetrics and Perinatology, Medical University of Lublin, 20-090 Lublin, Poland; (A.P.); (M.N.); (M.R.); (B.L.-G.)
| | - Bożena Leszczyńska-Gorzelak
- Department of Obstetrics and Perinatology, Medical University of Lublin, 20-090 Lublin, Poland; (A.P.); (M.N.); (M.R.); (B.L.-G.)
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Choy KW, Tsai APY, Lin PBC, Wu MY, Lee C, Alias A, Pang CY, Liew HK. The Role of Urocortins in Intracerebral Hemorrhage. Biomolecules 2020; 10:biom10010096. [PMID: 31935997 PMCID: PMC7022917 DOI: 10.3390/biom10010096] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2019] [Revised: 12/31/2019] [Accepted: 01/02/2020] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH) causes an accumulation of blood in the brain parenchyma that disrupts the normal neurological function of the brain. Despite extensive clinical trials, no medical or surgical therapy has shown to be effective in managing ICH, resulting in a poor prognosis for the patients. Urocortin (UCN) is a 40-amino-acid endogenous neuropeptide that belongs to the corticotropin-releasing hormone (CRH) family. The effect of UCN is activated by binding to two G-protein coupled receptors, CRH-R1 and CRH-R2, which are expressed in brain neurons and glial cells in various brain regions. Current research has shown that UCN exerts neuroprotective effects in ICH models via anti-inflammatory effects, which generally reduced brain edema and reduced blood-brain barrier disruption. These effects gradually help in the improvement of the neurological outcome, and thus, UCN may be a potential therapeutic target in the treatment of ICH. This review summarizes the data published to date on the role of UCN in ICH and the possible protective mechanisms underlined.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ker Woon Choy
- Department of Anatomy, Faculty of Medicine, Universiti Teknologi MARA, Sungai Buloh 42300, Malaysia;
| | - Andy Po-Yi Tsai
- Stark Neurosciences Research Institute, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN 46202, USA; (A.P.-Y.T.); (P.B.-C.L.)
| | - Peter Bor-Chian Lin
- Stark Neurosciences Research Institute, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN 46202, USA; (A.P.-Y.T.); (P.B.-C.L.)
| | - Meng-Yu Wu
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Taipei Tzu Chi Hospital, Buddhist Tzu Chi Medical Foundation, New Taipei 231, Taiwan;
- Department of Emergency Medicine, School of Medicine, Tzu Chi University, Hualien 970, Taiwan
| | - Chihyi Lee
- College of Pharmacy, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL 60607, USA;
| | - Aspalilah Alias
- Department of Basic Sciences and Oral Biology, Faculty of Dentistry, Universiti Sains Islam Malaysia, Nilai 71800, Malaysia;
| | - Cheng-Yoong Pang
- Department of Medical Research, Hualien Tzu Chi Hospital, Buddhist Tzu Chi Medical Foundation, No. 707, Section 3, Zhong-yang Road, Hualien 970, Taiwan
- CardioVascular Research Center, Hualien Tzu Chi Hospital, Buddhist Tzu Chi Medical Foundation, Hualien 970, Taiwan
- Institute of Medical Sciences, Tzu Chi University, Hualien 970, Taiwan
- Correspondence: (C.-Y.P.); or (H.-K.L.); Tel.: +886-3-8561825 (ext. 15911) (H.-K.L.); Fax: +886-3-8562019 (H.-K.L.)
| | - Hock-Kean Liew
- Department of Medical Research, Hualien Tzu Chi Hospital, Buddhist Tzu Chi Medical Foundation, No. 707, Section 3, Zhong-yang Road, Hualien 970, Taiwan
- CardioVascular Research Center, Hualien Tzu Chi Hospital, Buddhist Tzu Chi Medical Foundation, Hualien 970, Taiwan
- PhD Program in Pharmacology and Toxicology, Tzu Chi University, Hualien 970, Taiwan
- Neuro-Medical Scientific Center, Hualien Tzu Chi Hospital, Buddhist Tzu Chi Medical Foundation, Hualien 970, Taiwan
- Correspondence: (C.-Y.P.); or (H.-K.L.); Tel.: +886-3-8561825 (ext. 15911) (H.-K.L.); Fax: +886-3-8562019 (H.-K.L.)
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Pergialiotis V, Tagkou NM, Tsimpiktsioglou A, Klavdianou O, Neonaki A, Trompoukis P. Urocortin Expression in Endometriosis: A Systematic Review. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF FERTILITY & STERILITY 2019; 13:1-5. [PMID: 30644237 PMCID: PMC6334014 DOI: 10.22074/ijfs.2019.5488] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2018] [Accepted: 05/30/2018] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Urocortin (UCN) is a neuropeptide that belongs to the corticotrophin-releasing hormone family and is expressed by
eutopic and ectopic human endometria. The past years, this expression has been thoroughly investigated in the field
of endometriosis. The objective of this systematic review is to accumulate current evidence related to the expression
of UCN in tissue and blood samples of patients suffering from endometriosis. Literature search was designed accord-
ing to the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) guidelines and primarily
conducted using the Medline (1966-2018), Scopus (2004-2018), EMBASE (1947-2018) and Clinicaltrials.gov (2008-
2018) databases, along with the reference lists of electronically retrieved full-text papers. Overall, eight studies were
retrieved. Current evidence suggests that the expression of UCN is increased in patients with ovarian endometriomas
and that its levels may correlate with the severity of the disease. The diagnostic efficacy of UCN1 plasma levels was
evaluated in three studies. Two of them suggested that the sensitivity and specificity of the method may reach, and
even exceed, 80%. However, the wide variation in outcome reporting and outcome reporting measures in endome-
triosis among the included studies precludes meta-analysis of available data. Therefore, although UCN seems to be a
promising biomarker for the identification and follow-up of patients that suffer from endometriosis, more studies are
needed to reach firm conclusions with respect to its predictive accuracy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vasilios Pergialiotis
- Laboratory of Experimental Surgery and Surgical Research N.S. Christeas, Athens, Greece.,Third Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Attikon University Hospital, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece.Electronic Address:
| | | | | | - Olga Klavdianou
- Laboratory of Experimental Surgery and Surgical Research N.S. Christeas, Athens, Greece
| | - Antonia Neonaki
- Laboratory of Experimental Surgery and Surgical Research N.S. Christeas, Athens, Greece
| | - Pantelis Trompoukis
- Third Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Attikon University Hospital, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece
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Ullah R, Batool A, Wazir M, Naz R, Rahman TU, Wahab F, Shahab M, Fu J. Gonadotropin inhibitory hormone and RF9 stimulate hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis in adult male rhesus monkeys. Neuropeptides 2017; 66:1-7. [PMID: 28757099 DOI: 10.1016/j.npep.2017.07.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2016] [Revised: 07/19/2017] [Accepted: 07/23/2017] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Stress activates gonadotropin inhibitory hormone (GnIH), hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis (HPA-axis) and represses hypothalamic-pituitary-gonadal axis (HPG-axis) but RF9 administration relieves stress-induced repression of the HPG-axis. Importantly, it was not known whether GnIH signaling and RF9 synthetic peptide modulate the HPA axis. To assess this, mammalian orthologs of GnIH (RFRP-1 and RFRP-3) and RF9 were administered to intact adult male rhesus monkeys. RFRP-1 (125μg/animal), RFRP-3 (250μg/animal) and RF9 (0.1mg/kg BW) were intravenously (iv) injected into normal fed (n=4) monkeys. Additionally, a single bolus iv injection of RF9 (0.1mg/kg BW) was also administered to 48h fasted monkeys (n=4) to check the effects of RF9 signaling on an activated HPA-axis. Serial blood samples were collected, centrifuged and the obtained plasma was used for the analysis of cortisol by specific enzyme immunoassay. RFRP-1 treatment significantly increased cortisol levels while RFRP-3 increased the plasma cortisol, but the effect was non-significant. RF9 treatment significantly increased cortisol levels in normal fed animals. In contrast, RF9 injection did not significantly alter circulating cortisol in fasted monkeys. In conclusion, our results suggest stimulatory action of RFRPs and RF9 on the HPA axis in the adult male monkeys. However, the mechanism and site of action of RFRP-1 and RF9 along the HPA-axis is still unknown. Therefore, further studies are needed to decipher the mechanism and site of action of RFRPs and RF9 on the HPA axis in primates.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rahim Ullah
- Department of Endocrinology, Children's Hospital of Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310051, China; Laboratory of Reproductive Neuroendocrinology, Department of Animal Sciences, Faculty of Biological Sciences, Quaid-i-Azam University, Islamabad, Pakistan
| | - Aalia Batool
- Laboratory of Reproductive Neuroendocrinology, Department of Animal Sciences, Faculty of Biological Sciences, Quaid-i-Azam University, Islamabad, Pakistan; The State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Biology, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 1 Beichen West Road, Chaoyang District, Beijing 100101, China
| | - Madiha Wazir
- Laboratory of Reproductive Neuroendocrinology, Department of Animal Sciences, Faculty of Biological Sciences, Quaid-i-Azam University, Islamabad, Pakistan
| | - Rabia Naz
- Laboratory of Reproductive Neuroendocrinology, Department of Animal Sciences, Faculty of Biological Sciences, Quaid-i-Azam University, Islamabad, Pakistan
| | - Tanzil Ur Rahman
- Laboratory of Reproductive Neuroendocrinology, Department of Animal Sciences, Faculty of Biological Sciences, Quaid-i-Azam University, Islamabad, Pakistan; Department of Pathology and Pathophysiology, Key Laboratory of Reproductive Genetics, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Fazal Wahab
- Platform Degenerative Diseases, German Primate Center, Leibniz Institute for Primate Research, Kellnerweg 4, D-37077 Göttingen, Germany
| | - Muhammad Shahab
- Laboratory of Reproductive Neuroendocrinology, Department of Animal Sciences, Faculty of Biological Sciences, Quaid-i-Azam University, Islamabad, Pakistan.
| | - Junfen Fu
- Department of Endocrinology, Children's Hospital of Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310051, China.
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Rademaker MT, Richards AM. Urocortins: Actions in health and heart failure. Clin Chim Acta 2017; 474:76-87. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cca.2017.09.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2017] [Accepted: 09/04/2017] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
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Xu W, Li F, Liu Z, Xu Z, Sun B, Cao J, Liu Y. MicroRNA-27b inhibition promotes Nrf2/ARE pathway activation and alleviates intracerebral hemorrhage-induced brain injury. Oncotarget 2017; 8:70669-70684. [PMID: 29050310 PMCID: PMC5642585 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.19974] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/27/2016] [Accepted: 07/18/2017] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Oxidative stress and neuroinflammation are the key factors leading to secondary brain injury after intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH). We investigated the effects of miR-27b, an oxidative stress-responsive microRNA, on ICH-induced brain injury in rats. The ICH model was induced by intracerebral injection of collagenase. Following ICH, miR-27b expression in the striatum was reduced, whereas expression of Nrf2 mRNA and protein was increased. In PC12 cells, overexpression of miR-27b reduced expression of Nrf2, Hmox1, Sod1 and Nqo1, while miR-27b inhibition had the opposite effects. Dual luciferase reporter assays showed that Nrf2 mRNA was a direct target of miR-27b. Intracerebroventricular injection of miR-27b antagomir and transfection of miR-27b inhibitor inhibited endogenous miR-27b in rats and PC12 cells, respectively. MiR-27b antagomir promoted activation of the ICH-induced Nrf2/ARE pathway and reduced the lipid peroxidation, neuroinflammation, cell death and neurological deficits otherwise seen after ICH. In PC12 cells, the miR-27b inhibitor diminished iron-induced oxidative stress, inflammation and apoptosis, and those effects were blocked by Nrf2 knockdown. These results demonstrate that miR-27b inhibition alleviates ICH-induced brain injury, which may be explained in part by its regulation on the Nrf2/ARE pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenzhe Xu
- Department of Neurosurgery, Qilu Hospital and Brain Science Research Institute of Shandong University, Jinan 250012, P.R. China
| | - Feng Li
- Department of Neurosurgery, Qilu Hospital and Brain Science Research Institute of Shandong University, Jinan 250012, P.R. China
| | - Zhiguo Liu
- Department of Neurosurgery, People's Hospital of Zhangqiu, Jinan 250200, P.R. China
| | - Zhenkuan Xu
- Department of Neurosurgery, Qilu Hospital and Brain Science Research Institute of Shandong University, Jinan 250012, P.R. China
| | - Bin Sun
- Department of Neurosurgery, Qilu Hospital and Brain Science Research Institute of Shandong University, Jinan 250012, P.R. China
| | - Jingwei Cao
- Department of Neurosurgery, Qilu Hospital and Brain Science Research Institute of Shandong University, Jinan 250012, P.R. China
| | - Yuguang Liu
- Department of Neurosurgery, Qilu Hospital and Brain Science Research Institute of Shandong University, Jinan 250012, P.R. China
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