1
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Philippova J, Shevchenko J, Sennikov S. GD2-targeting therapy: a comparative analysis of approaches and promising directions. Front Immunol 2024; 15:1371345. [PMID: 38558810 PMCID: PMC10979305 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2024.1371345] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2024] [Accepted: 02/26/2024] [Indexed: 04/04/2024] Open
Abstract
Disialoganglioside GD2 is a promising target for immunotherapy with expression primarily restricted to neuroectodermal and epithelial tumor cells. Although its role in the maintenance and repair of neural tissue is well-established, its functions during normal organism development remain understudied. Meanwhile, studies have shown that GD2 plays an important role in tumorigenesis. Its functions include proliferation, invasion, motility, and metastasis, and its high expression and ability to transform the tumor microenvironment may be associated with a malignant phenotype. Structurally, GD2 is a glycosphingolipid that is stably expressed on the surface of tumor cells, making it a suitable candidate for targeting by antibodies or chimeric antigen receptors. Based on mouse monoclonal antibodies, chimeric and humanized antibodies and their combinations with cytokines, toxins, drugs, radionuclides, nanoparticles as well as chimeric antigen receptor have been developed. Furthermore, vaccines and photoimmunotherapy are being used to treat GD2-positive tumors, and GD2 aptamers can be used for targeting. In the field of cell therapy, allogeneic immunocompetent cells are also being utilized to enhance GD2 therapy. Efforts are currently being made to optimize the chimeric antigen receptor by modifying its design or by transducing not only αβ T cells, but also γδ T cells, NK cells, NKT cells, and macrophages. In addition, immunotherapy can combine both diagnostic and therapeutic methods, allowing for early detection of disease and minimal residual disease. This review discusses each immunotherapy method and strategy, its advantages and disadvantages, and highlights future directions for GD2 therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Sergey Sennikov
- Laboratory of Molecular Immunology, Federal State Budgetary Scientific Institution Research Institute of Fundamental and Clinical Immunology, Novosibirsk, Russia
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2
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Li X, Lan X, Cai W. Pretargeted Radioimmunotherapy of Ovarian Cancer with 225Ac and an Internalizing Antibody. J Nucl Med 2023; 64:1446-1448. [PMID: 37591542 PMCID: PMC10478819 DOI: 10.2967/jnumed.123.266026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2023] [Revised: 07/20/2023] [Indexed: 08/19/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoyan Li
- Departments of Radiology and Medical Physics, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, Wisconsin
| | - Xiaoli Lan
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China; and
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Molecular Imaging, Wuhan, China
| | - Weibo Cai
- Departments of Radiology and Medical Physics, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, Wisconsin;
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3
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Polyak A, Képes Z, Trencsényi G. Implant Imaging: Perspectives of Nuclear Imaging in Implant, Biomaterial, and Stem Cell Research. Bioengineering (Basel) 2023; 10:bioengineering10050521. [PMID: 37237591 DOI: 10.3390/bioengineering10050521] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2023] [Revised: 04/17/2023] [Accepted: 04/23/2023] [Indexed: 05/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Until now, very few efforts have been made to specifically trace, monitor, and visualize implantations, artificial organs, and bioengineered scaffolds for tissue engineering in vivo. While mainly X-Ray, CT, and MRI methods have been used for this purpose, the applications of more sensitive, quantitative, specific, radiotracer-based nuclear imaging techniques remain a challenge. As the need for biomaterials increases, so does the need for research tools to evaluate host responses. PET (positron emission tomography) and SPECT (single photon emission computer tomography) techniques are promising tools for the clinical translation of such regenerative medicine and tissue engineering efforts. These tracer-based methods offer unique and inevitable support, providing specific, quantitative, visual, non-invasive feedback on implanted biomaterials, devices, or transplanted cells. PET and SPECT can improve and accelerate these studies through biocompatibility, inertivity, and immune-response evaluations over long investigational periods at high sensitivities with low limits of detection. The wide range of radiopharmaceuticals, the newly developed specific bacteria, and the inflammation of specific or fibrosis-specific tracers as well as labeled individual nanomaterials can represent new, valuable tools for implant research. This review aims to summarize the opportunities of nuclear-imaging-supported implant research, including bone, fibrosis, bacteria, nanoparticle, and cell imaging, as well as the latest cutting-edge pretargeting methods.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andras Polyak
- Division of Nuclear Medicine and Translational Imaging, Department of Medical Imaging, Faculty of Medicine, University of Debrecen, Nagyerdei St. 98, H-4032 Debrecen, Hungary
| | - Zita Képes
- Division of Nuclear Medicine and Translational Imaging, Department of Medical Imaging, Faculty of Medicine, University of Debrecen, Nagyerdei St. 98, H-4032 Debrecen, Hungary
| | - György Trencsényi
- Division of Nuclear Medicine and Translational Imaging, Department of Medical Imaging, Faculty of Medicine, University of Debrecen, Nagyerdei St. 98, H-4032 Debrecen, Hungary
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4
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Cheal SM, Chung SK, Vaughn BA, Cheung NKV, Larson SM. Pretargeting: A Path Forward for Radioimmunotherapy. J Nucl Med 2022; 63:1302-1315. [PMID: 36215514 DOI: 10.2967/jnumed.121.262186] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2022] [Revised: 06/07/2022] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Pretargeted radioimmunodiagnosis and radioimmunotherapy aim to efficiently combine antitumor antibodies and medicinal radioisotopes for high-contrast imaging and high-therapeutic-index (TI) tumor targeting, respectively. As opposed to conventional radioimmunoconjugates, pretargeted approaches separate the tumor-targeting step from the payload step, thereby amplifying tumor uptake while reducing normal-tissue exposure. Alongside contrast and TI, critical parameters include antibody immunogenicity and specificity, availability of radioisotopes, and ease of use in the clinic. Each of the steps can be optimized separately; as modular systems, they can find broad applications irrespective of tumor target, tumor type, or radioisotopes. Although this versatility presents enormous opportunity, pretargeting is complex and presents unique challenges for clinical translation and optimal use in patients. The purpose of this article is to provide a brief historical perspective on the origins and development of pretargeting strategies in nuclear medicine, emphasizing 2 protein delivery systems that have been extensively evaluated (i.e., biotin-streptavidin and hapten-bispecific monoclonal antibodies), as well as radiohaptens and radioisotopes. We also highlight recent innovations, including pretargeting with bioorthogonal chemistry and novel protein vectors (such as self-assembling and disassembling proteins and Affibody molecules). We caution the reader that this is by no means a comprehensive review of the past 3 decades of pretargeted radioimmunodiagnosis and pretargeted radioimmunotherapy. But we do aim to highlight major developmental milestones and to identify benchmarks for success with regard to TI and toxicity in preclinical models and clinically. We believe this approach will lead to the identification of key obstacles to clinical success, revive interest in the utility of radiotheranostics applications, and guide development of the next generation of pretargeted theranostics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sarah M Cheal
- Molecular Pharmacology Program, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York;
| | - Sebastian K Chung
- Department of Surgery, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York
| | - Brett A Vaughn
- Molecular Pharmacology Program, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York
| | - Nai-Kong V Cheung
- Department of Pediatrics, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York; and
| | - Steven M Larson
- Molecular Pharmacology Program, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York
- Department of Radiology, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York
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5
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Chandler CS, Bell MM, Chung SK, Veach DR, Fung EK, Punzalan B, Burnes Vargas D, Patel M, Xu H, Guo HF, Santich BH, Zanzonico PB, Monette S, Nash GM, Cercek A, Jungbluth A, Pandit-Taskar N, Cheung NKV, Larson SM, Cheal SM. Intraperitoneal Pretargeted Radioimmunotherapy for Colorectal Peritoneal Carcinomatosis. Mol Cancer Ther 2022; 21:125-137. [PMID: 34667111 PMCID: PMC9157533 DOI: 10.1158/1535-7163.mct-21-0353] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2021] [Revised: 06/22/2021] [Accepted: 10/15/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Peritoneal carcinomatosis (PC) is considered incurable, and more effective therapies are needed. Herein we test the hypothesis that GPA33-directed intracompartmental pretargeted radioimmunotherapy (PRIT) can cure colorectal peritoneal carcinomatosis. Nude mice were implanted intraperitoneally with luciferase-transduced GPA33-expressing SW1222 cells for aggressive peritoneal carcinomatosis (e.g., resected tumor mass 0.369 ± 0.246 g; n = 17 on day 29). For GPA33-PRIT, we administered intraperitoneally a high-affinity anti-GPA33/anti-DOTA bispecific antibody (BsAb), followed by clearing agent (intravenous), and lutetium-177 (Lu-177) or yttrium-86 (Y-86) radiolabeled DOTA-radiohapten (intraperitoneal) for beta/gamma-emitter therapy and PET imaging, respectively. The DOTA-radiohaptens were prepared from S-2-(4-aminobenzyl)-1,4,7, 10-tetraazacyclododecane tetraacetic acid chelate (DOTA-Bn). Efficacy and toxicity of single- versus three-cycle therapy were evaluated in mice 26-27 days post-tumor implantation. Single-cycle treatment ([177Lu]LuDOTA-Bn 111 MBq; tumor dose: 4,992 cGy) significantly prolonged median survival (MS) approximately 2-fold to 84.5 days in comparison with controls (P = 0.007). With three-cycle therapy (once weekly, total 333 MBq; tumor dose: 14,975 cGy), 6/8 (75%) survived long-term (MS > 183 days). Furthermore, for these treated long-term survivors, 1 mouse was completely disease free (microscopic "cure") at necropsy; the others showed stabilized disease, which was detectable during PET-CT using [86Y]DOTA-Bn. Treatment controls had MS ranging from 42-52.5 days (P < 0.001) and 19/20 mice succumbed to progressive intraperitoneal disease by 69 days. Multi-cycle GPA33 DOTA-PRIT significantly prolongs survival with reversible myelosuppression and no chronic marrow (929 cGy to blood) or kidney (982 cGy) radiotoxicity, with therapeutic indices of 12 for blood and 12 for kidneys. MTD was not reached.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Meghan M Bell
- Department of Radiology, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York
| | - Sebastian K Chung
- Department of Surgery, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York
| | - Darren R Veach
- Department of Radiology, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York
- Department of Radiology, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, New York
| | - Edward K Fung
- Department of Radiology, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, New York
| | - Blesida Punzalan
- Department of Radiology, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York
| | | | - Mitesh Patel
- Department of Radiology, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York
| | - Hong Xu
- Department of Pediatrics, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York
| | - Hong-Fen Guo
- Department of Pediatrics, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York
| | - Brian H Santich
- Department of Pediatrics, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York
| | - Pat B Zanzonico
- Department of Medical Physics, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York
| | - Sébastien Monette
- Laboratory of Comparative Pathology, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, Weill Cornell Medicine, and The Rockefeller University, New York, New York
| | - Garrett M Nash
- Department of Surgery, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York
| | - Andrea Cercek
- Department of Medicine, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York
| | - Achim Jungbluth
- Department of Pathology, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York
| | - Neeta Pandit-Taskar
- Department of Radiology, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York
| | - Nai Kong V Cheung
- Department of Pediatrics, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York
| | - Steven M Larson
- Department of Radiology, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York
- Molecular Pharmacology Program, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York
| | - Sarah M Cheal
- Molecular Pharmacology Program, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York.
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6
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Miranda ACC, dos Santos SN, Fuscaldi LL, Balieiro LM, Bellini MH, Guimarães MICC, de Araújo EB. Radioimmunotheranostic Pair Based on the Anti-HER2 Monoclonal Antibody: Influence of Chelating Agents and Radionuclides on Biological Properties. Pharmaceutics 2021; 13:971. [PMID: 34198999 PMCID: PMC8309196 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics13070971] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2021] [Revised: 06/18/2021] [Accepted: 06/24/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
The oncogene HER2 is an important molecular target in oncology because it is associated with aggressive disease and the worst prognosis. The development of non-invasive imaging techniques and target therapies using monoclonal antibodies is a rapidly developing field. Thus, this work proposes the study of the radioimmunotheranostic pair, [111In]In-DTPA-trastuzumab and [177Lu]Lu-DOTA-trastuzumab, evaluating the influence of the chelating agents and radionuclides on the biological properties of the radioimmunoconjugates (RICs). The trastuzumab was immunoconjugated with the chelators DTPA and DOTA and radiolabeled with [111In]InCl3 and [177Lu]LuCl3, respectively. The stability of the RICs was evaluated in serum, and the immunoreactive and internalization fractions were determined in SK-BR-3 breast cancer cells. The in vivo pharmacokinetics and dosimetry quantification and the ex vivo biodistribution were performed in normal and SK-BR-3 tumor-bearing mice. The data showed that there was no influence of the chelating agents and radionuclides on the immunoreactive and internalization fractions of RICs. In contrast, they influenced the stability of RICs in serum, as well as the pharmacokinetics, dosimetry and biodistribution profiles. Therefore, the results showed that the nature of the chelating agent and radionuclide could influence the biological properties of the radioimmunotheranostic pair.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ana Cláudia Camargo Miranda
- Hospital Israelita Albert Einstein, Instituto Israelita de Ensino e Pesquisa, Sao Paulo 05652-900, Brazil
- Instituto de Pesquisas Energéticas e Nucleares, IPEN/CNEN, Sao Paulo 05508-000, Brazil; (S.N.d.S.); (L.M.B.); (M.H.B.); (E.B.d.A.)
| | - Sofia Nascimento dos Santos
- Instituto de Pesquisas Energéticas e Nucleares, IPEN/CNEN, Sao Paulo 05508-000, Brazil; (S.N.d.S.); (L.M.B.); (M.H.B.); (E.B.d.A.)
| | - Leonardo Lima Fuscaldi
- Departamento de Ciências Fisiológicas, Faculdade de Ciências Médicas da Santa Casa de São Paulo, Sao Paulo 01221-020, Brazil;
| | - Luiza Mascarenhas Balieiro
- Instituto de Pesquisas Energéticas e Nucleares, IPEN/CNEN, Sao Paulo 05508-000, Brazil; (S.N.d.S.); (L.M.B.); (M.H.B.); (E.B.d.A.)
| | - Maria Helena Bellini
- Instituto de Pesquisas Energéticas e Nucleares, IPEN/CNEN, Sao Paulo 05508-000, Brazil; (S.N.d.S.); (L.M.B.); (M.H.B.); (E.B.d.A.)
| | - Maria Inês Calil Cury Guimarães
- Instituto de Radiologia do Hospital das Clínicas da Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade de São Paulo, Sao Paulo 05403-911, Brazil;
| | - Elaine Bortoleti de Araújo
- Instituto de Pesquisas Energéticas e Nucleares, IPEN/CNEN, Sao Paulo 05508-000, Brazil; (S.N.d.S.); (L.M.B.); (M.H.B.); (E.B.d.A.)
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7
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Dacek MM, Veach DR, Cheal SM, Carter LM, McDevitt MR, Punzalan B, Burnes Vargas D, Kubik TZ, Monette S, Santich BH, Yang G, Ouerfelli O, Kesner AL, Cheung NKV, Scheinberg DA, Larson SM, Krebs S. Engineered Cells as a Test Platform for Radiohaptens in Pretargeted Imaging and Radioimmunotherapy Applications. Bioconjug Chem 2021; 32:649-654. [PMID: 33819023 DOI: 10.1021/acs.bioconjchem.0c00595] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Pretargeted imaging and radioimmunotherapy approaches are designed to have superior targeting properties over directly targeted antibodies but impose more complex pharmacology, which hinders efforts to optimize the ligands prior to human applications. Human embryonic kidney 293T cells expressing the humanized single-chain variable fragment (scFv) C825 (huC825) with high-affinity for DOTA-haptens (293T-huC825) in a transmembrane-anchored format eliminated the requirement to use other pretargeting reagents and provided a simplified, accelerated assay of radiohapten capture while offering normalized cell surface expression of the molecular target of interest. Using binding assays, ex vivo biodistribution, and in vivo imaging, we demonstrated that radiohaptens based on benzyl-DOTA and a second generation "Proteus" DOTA-platform effectively and specifically engaged membrane-bound huC825, achieving favorable tumor-to-normal tissue uptake ratios in mice. Furthermore, [86Y]Y-DOTA-Bn predicted absorbed dose to critical organs with reasonable accuracy for both [177Lu]Lu-DOTA-Bn and [225Ac]Ac-Pr, which highlights the benefit of a dosimetry-based treatment approach.
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Affiliation(s)
- Megan M Dacek
- Molecular Pharmacology Program, Sloan Kettering Institute, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York 10065, United States.,Department of Pharmacology, Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, New York 10065, United States
| | - Darren R Veach
- Molecular Imaging and Therapy Service, Department of Radiology, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York 10065, United States.,Radiochemistry and Imaging Sciences Service, Department of Radiology, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York 10065, United States.,Department of Radiology, Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, New York 10065, United States
| | - Sarah M Cheal
- Molecular Pharmacology Program, Sloan Kettering Institute, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York 10065, United States
| | - Lukas M Carter
- Department of Medical Physics, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York 10065, United States
| | - Michael R McDevitt
- Molecular Imaging and Therapy Service, Department of Radiology, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York 10065, United States.,Department of Radiology, Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, New York 10065, United States
| | - Blesida Punzalan
- Molecular Pharmacology Program, Sloan Kettering Institute, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York 10065, United States
| | - Daniela Burnes Vargas
- Molecular Pharmacology Program, Sloan Kettering Institute, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York 10065, United States
| | - Thomas Z Kubik
- Molecular Imaging and Therapy Service, Department of Radiology, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York 10065, United States
| | - Sebastien Monette
- Tri-Institutional Laboratory of Comparative Pathology, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, Weill Cornell Medicine, and The Rockefeller University, New York, New York 10065, United States
| | - Brian H Santich
- Department of Pediatrics, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York 10065, United States
| | - Guangbin Yang
- Organic Synthesis Core Facility, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York 10065, United States
| | - Ouathek Ouerfelli
- Organic Synthesis Core Facility, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York 10065, United States
| | - Adam L Kesner
- Department of Medical Physics, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York 10065, United States
| | - Nai-Kong V Cheung
- Department of Pediatrics, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York 10065, United States
| | - David A Scheinberg
- Molecular Pharmacology Program, Sloan Kettering Institute, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York 10065, United States.,Department of Pharmacology, Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, New York 10065, United States
| | - Steven M Larson
- Molecular Pharmacology Program, Sloan Kettering Institute, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York 10065, United States.,Molecular Imaging and Therapy Service, Department of Radiology, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York 10065, United States.,Department of Radiology, Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, New York 10065, United States
| | - Simone Krebs
- Molecular Imaging and Therapy Service, Department of Radiology, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York 10065, United States.,Department of Radiology, Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, New York 10065, United States
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8
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Capala J, Kunos CA. A New Generation of "Magic Bullets" for Molecular Targeting of Cancer. Clin Cancer Res 2021; 27:377-379. [PMID: 33144340 DOI: 10.1158/1078-0432.ccr-20-3690] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2020] [Revised: 10/18/2020] [Accepted: 10/30/2020] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
A two-step molecular targeting approach involving a self-assembling and disassembling (SADA) bispecific antibody platform and DOTA-radioconjugates allows tumor-specific delivery of diagnostic and therapeutic payloads. Low immunogenicity and the modular nature of SADA allow its optimization to safely and repeatedly deliver a variety of payloads to tumors expressing diverse tumor-specific antigens.See related article by Santich et al., p. 532.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jacek Capala
- Division of Cancer Therapy and Diagnosis, NCI, NIH, Bethesda, Maryland.
| | - Charles A Kunos
- Division of Cancer Therapy and Diagnosis, NCI, NIH, Bethesda, Maryland
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9
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Orozco JJ, Kenoyer AL, Lin Y, O'Steen S, Guel R, Nartea ME, Hernandez AH, Hylarides MD, Fisher DR, Balkin ER, Hamlin DK, Wilbur DS, Orcutt KD, Wittrup KD, Green DJ, Gopal AK, Till BG, Sandmaier B, Press OW, Pagel JM. Therapy of Myeloid Leukemia using Novel Bispecific Fusion Proteins Targeting CD45 and 90Y-DOTA. Mol Cancer Ther 2020; 19:2575-2584. [PMID: 33082277 DOI: 10.1158/1535-7163.mct-20-0306] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2020] [Revised: 07/13/2020] [Accepted: 09/28/2020] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Pretargeted radioimmunotherapy (PRIT) has been investigated as a multi-step approach to decrease relapse and toxicity for high-risk acute myeloid leukemia (AML). Relevant factors including endogenous biotin and immunogenicity, however, have limited the use of PRIT with an anti-CD45 antibody streptavidin conjugate and radiolabeled DOTA-biotin. To overcome these limitations we designed anti-murine and anti-human CD45 bispecific antibody constructs using 30F11 and BC8 antibodies, respectively, combined with an anti-yttrium (Y)-DOTA single-chain variable fragment (C825) to capture a radiolabeled ligand. The bispecific construct targeting human CD45 (BC8-Fc-C825) had high uptake in leukemia HEL xenografts [7.8 ± 0.02% percent injected dose/gram of tissue (% ID/g)]. Therapy studies showed that 70% of mice with HEL human xenografts treated with BC8-Fc-C825 followed by 44.4 MBq (1,200 μCi) of 90Y-DOTA-biotin survived at least 170 days after therapy, while all nontreated controls required euthanasia because of tumor progression by day 32. High uptake at sites of leukemia (spleen and bone marrow) was also seen with 30F11-IgG1-C825 in a syngeneic disseminated SJL murine leukemia model (spleen, 9.0 ± 1.5% ID/g and bone marrow, 8.1 ± 1.2% ID/g), with minimal uptake in all other normal organs (<0.5% ID/g) at 24 hours after 90Y-DOTA injections. SJL leukemia mice treated with the bispecific 30F11-IgG1-C825 and 29.6 MBq (800 μCi) of 90Y-DOTA-biotin had a survival advantage compared with untreated leukemic mice (median, 43 vs. 30 days, respectively; P < 0.0001). These data suggest bispecific antibody-mediated PRIT may be highly effective for leukemia therapy and translation to human studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Johnnie J Orozco
- Division of Clinical Research, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, Washington. .,Division of Medical Oncology, Department of Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington
| | - Aimee L Kenoyer
- Division of Clinical Research, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, Washington
| | - Yukang Lin
- Division of Clinical Research, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, Washington
| | - Shyril O'Steen
- Division of Clinical Research, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, Washington
| | - Rosario Guel
- Division of Clinical Research, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, Washington
| | - Margaret E Nartea
- Division of Clinical Research, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, Washington
| | - Alexandra H Hernandez
- Division of Clinical Research, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, Washington
| | - Mark D Hylarides
- Division of Clinical Research, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, Washington
| | - Darrell R Fisher
- Versant Medical Physics and Radiation Dosimetry, Richland, Washington
| | - Ethan R Balkin
- Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington
| | - Donald K Hamlin
- Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington
| | - D Scott Wilbur
- Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington
| | | | - K Dane Wittrup
- Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Damian J Green
- Division of Clinical Research, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, Washington.,Division of Medical Oncology, Department of Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington
| | - Ajay K Gopal
- Division of Clinical Research, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, Washington.,Division of Medical Oncology, Department of Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington
| | - Brian G Till
- Division of Clinical Research, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, Washington.,Division of Medical Oncology, Department of Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington
| | - Brenda Sandmaier
- Division of Clinical Research, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, Washington.,Division of Medical Oncology, Department of Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington
| | - Oliver W Press
- Division of Clinical Research, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, Washington.,Division of Medical Oncology, Department of Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington
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10
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Santich BH, Cheal SM, Ahmed M, McDevitt MR, Ouerfelli O, Yang G, Veach DR, Fung EK, Patel M, Burnes Vargas D, Malik AA, Guo HF, Zanzonico PB, Monette S, Michel AO, Rudin CM, Larson SM, Cheung NK. A Self-Assembling and Disassembling (SADA) Bispecific Antibody (BsAb) Platform for Curative Two-step Pretargeted Radioimmunotherapy. Clin Cancer Res 2020; 27:532-541. [PMID: 32958698 DOI: 10.1158/1078-0432.ccr-20-2150] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2020] [Revised: 07/22/2020] [Accepted: 09/15/2020] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE Many cancer treatments suffer from dose-limiting toxicities to vital organs due to poor therapeutic indices. To overcome these challenges we developed a novel multimerization platform that rapidly removes tumor-targeting proteins from the blood to substantially improve therapeutic index. EXPERIMENTAL DESIGN The platform was designed as a fusion of a self-assembling and disassembling (SADA) domain to a tandem single-chain bispecific antibody (BsAb, anti-ganglioside GD2 × anti-DOTA). SADA-BsAbs were assessed with multiple in vivo tumor models using two-step pretargeted radioimmunotherapy (PRIT) to evaluate tumor uptake, dosimetry, and antitumor responses. RESULTS SADA-BsAbs self-assembled into stable tetramers (220 kDa), but could also disassemble into dimers or monomers (55 kDa) that rapidly cleared via renal filtration and substantially reduced immunogenicity in mice. When used with rapidly clearing DOTA-caged PET isotopes, SADA-BsAbs demonstrated accurate tumor localization, dosimetry, and improved imaging contrast by PET/CT. When combined with therapeutic isotopes, two-step SADA-PRIT safely delivered massive doses of alpha-emitting (225Ac, 1.48 MBq/kg) or beta-emitting (177Lu, 6,660 MBq/kg) S-2-(4-aminobenzyl)-1,4,7,10-tetraazacyclododecane tetraacetic acid (DOTA) payloads to tumors, ablating them without any short-term or long-term toxicities to the bone marrow, kidneys, or liver. CONCLUSIONS The SADA-BsAb platform safely delivered large doses of radioisotopes to tumors and demonstrated no toxicities to the bone marrow, kidneys, or liver. Because of its modularity, SADA-BsAbs can be easily adapted to most tumor antigens, tumor types, or drug delivery approaches to improve therapeutic index and maximize the delivered dose.See related commentary by Capala and Kunos, p. 377.
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Affiliation(s)
- Brian H Santich
- Department of Pediatrics, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York
| | - Sarah M Cheal
- Molecular Pharmacology Program, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York
| | - Mahiuddin Ahmed
- Department of Pediatrics, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York
| | - Michael R McDevitt
- Molecular Pharmacology Program, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York.,Department of Radiology, Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, New York.,Department of Radiology, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York
| | - Ouathek Ouerfelli
- Organic Synthesis Core Facility, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York
| | - Guangbin Yang
- Organic Synthesis Core Facility, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York
| | - Darren R Veach
- Molecular Pharmacology Program, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York
| | - Edward K Fung
- Department of Radiology, Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, New York
| | - Mitesh Patel
- Molecular Pharmacology Program, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York
| | - Daniela Burnes Vargas
- Molecular Pharmacology Program, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York
| | - Aiza A Malik
- Department of Pediatrics, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York
| | - Hong-Fen Guo
- Department of Pediatrics, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York
| | - Pat B Zanzonico
- Department of Medical Physics, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York
| | - Sebastien Monette
- Laboratory of Comparative Pathology, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, The Rockefeller University, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, New York
| | - Adam O Michel
- Laboratory of Comparative Pathology, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, The Rockefeller University, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, New York
| | - Charles M Rudin
- Molecular Pharmacology Program, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York
| | - Steven M Larson
- Molecular Pharmacology Program, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York.,Department of Radiology, Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, New York
| | - Nai K Cheung
- Department of Pediatrics, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York.
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11
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Cheal SM, McDevitt MR, Santich BH, Patel M, Yang G, Fung EK, Veach DR, Bell M, Ahad A, Vargas DB, Punzalan B, Pillarsetty NVK, Xu H, Guo HF, Monette S, Michel AO, Piersigilli A, Scheinberg DA, Ouerfelli O, Cheung NKV, Larson SM. Alpha radioimmunotherapy using 225Ac-proteus-DOTA for solid tumors - safety at curative doses. Theranostics 2020; 10:11359-11375. [PMID: 33052220 PMCID: PMC7546012 DOI: 10.7150/thno.48810] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2020] [Accepted: 07/29/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
This is the initial report of an α-based pre-targeted radioimmunotherapy (PRIT) using 225Ac and its theranostic pair, 111In. We call our novel tumor-targeting DOTA-hapten PRIT system "proteus-DOTA" or "Pr." Herein we report the first results of radiochemistry development, radiopharmacology, and stoichiometry of tumor antigen binding, including the role of specific activity, anti-tumor efficacy, and normal tissue toxicity with the Pr-PRIT approach (as α-DOTA-PRIT). A series of α-DOTA-PRIT therapy studies were performed in three solid human cancer xenograft models of colorectal cancer (GPA33), breast cancer (HER2), and neuroblastoma (GD2), including evaluation of chronic toxicity at ~20 weeks of select survivors. Methods: Preliminary biodistribution experiments in SW1222 tumor-bearing mice revealed that 225Ac could not be efficiently pretargeted with current DOTA-Bn hapten utilized for 177Lu or 90Y, leading to poor tumor uptake in vivo. Therefore, we synthesized Pr consisting of an empty DOTA-chelate for 225Ac, tethered via a short polyethylene glycol linker to a lutetium-complexed DOTA for picomolar anti-DOTA chelate single-chain variable fragment (scFv) binding. Pr was radiolabeled with 225Ac and its imaging surrogate, 111In. In vitro studies verified anti-DOTA scFv recognition of [225Ac]Pr, and in vivo biodistribution and clearance studies were performed to evaluate hapten suitability and in vivo targeting efficiency. Results: Intravenously (i.v.) administered 225Ac- or 111In-radiolabeled Pr in mice showed rapid renal clearance and minimal normal tissue retention. In vivo pretargeting studies show high tumor accumulation of Pr (16.71 ± 5.11 %IA/g or 13.19 ± 3.88 %IA/g at 24 h p.i. for [225Ac]Pr and [111In]Pr, respectively) and relatively low uptake in normal tissues (all average ≤ 1.4 %IA/g at 24 h p.i.). Maximum tolerated dose (MTD) was not reached for either [225Ac]Pr alone or pretargeted [225Ac]Pr at administered activities up to 296 kBq/mouse. Single-cycle treatment consisting of α-DOTA-PRIT with either huA33-C825 bispecific anti-tumor/anti-DOTA-hapten antibody (BsAb), anti-HER2-C825 BsAb, or hu3F8-C825 BsAb for targeting GPA33, HER2, or GD2, respectively, was highly effective. In the GPA33 model, no complete responses (CRs) were observed but prolonged overall survival of treated animals was 42 d for α-DOTA-PRIT vs. 25 d for [225Ac]Pr only (P < 0.0001); for GD2, CRs (7/7, 100%) and histologic cures (4/7, 57%); and for HER2, CRs (7/19, 37%) and histologic cures (10/19, 56%) with no acute or chronic toxicity. Conclusions: [225Ac]Pr and its imaging biomarker [111In]Pr demonstrate optimal radiopharmacologic behavior for theranostic applications of α-DOTA-PRIT. For this initial evaluation of efficacy and toxicity, single-cycle treatment regimens were performed in all three systems. Histologic toxicity was not observed, so MTD was not observed. Prolonged overall survival, CRs, and histologic cures were observed in treated animals. In comparison to RIT with anti-tumor IgG antibodies, [225Ac]Pr has a much improved safety profile. Ultimately, these data will be used to guide clinical development of toxicity and efficacy studies of [225Ac]Pr, with the goal of delivering massive lethal doses of radiation to achieve a high probability of cure without toxicity.
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12
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Thevendran R, Sarah S, Tang TH, Citartan M. Strategies to bioengineer aptamer-driven nanovehicles as exceptional molecular tools for targeted therapeutics: A review. J Control Release 2020; 323:530-548. [PMID: 32380206 DOI: 10.1016/j.jconrel.2020.04.051] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2020] [Revised: 04/28/2020] [Accepted: 04/29/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Aptamers are a class of folded nucleic acid strands capable of binding to different target molecules with high affinity and selectivity. Over the years, they have gained a substantial amount of interest as promising molecular tools for numerous medical applications, particularly in targeted therapeutics. However, only the different treatment approaches and current developments of aptamer-drug therapies have been discussed so far, ignoring the crucial technical and functional aspects of constructing a therapeutically effective aptamer-driven drug delivery system that translates to improved in-vivo performance. Hence, this paper provides a comprehensive review of the strategies used to improve the therapeutic performance of aptamer-guided delivery systems. We focus on the different functional features such as drug deployment, payload capacity, in-vivo stability and targeting efficiency to further our knowledge in enhancing the cell-specific delivery of aptamer-drug conjugates. Each reported strategy is critically discussed to emphasize both the benefits provided in comparison with other similar techniques and to outline their potential drawbacks with respect to the molecular properties of the aptamers, the drug and the system to be designed. The molecular architecture and design considerations for an efficient aptamer-based delivery system are also briefly elaborated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ramesh Thevendran
- Advanced Medical & Dental Institute (AMDI), Universiti Sains Malaysia, Bertam, 13200, Kepala Batas, Penang, Malaysia.
| | - Shigdar Sarah
- School of Medicine, Deakin University, Pigdons Road, Waurn Ponds, Victoria 3216, Australia
| | - Thean-Hock Tang
- Advanced Medical & Dental Institute (AMDI), Universiti Sains Malaysia, Bertam, 13200, Kepala Batas, Penang, Malaysia.
| | - Marimuthu Citartan
- Advanced Medical & Dental Institute (AMDI), Universiti Sains Malaysia, Bertam, 13200, Kepala Batas, Penang, Malaysia.
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13
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Abstract
Immuno-positron emission tomography (immunoPET) is a paradigm-shifting molecular imaging modality combining the superior targeting specificity of monoclonal antibody (mAb) and the inherent sensitivity of PET technique. A variety of radionuclides and mAbs have been exploited to develop immunoPET probes, which has been driven by the development and optimization of radiochemistry and conjugation strategies. In addition, tumor-targeting vectors with a short circulation time (e.g., Nanobody) or with an enhanced binding affinity (e.g., bispecific antibody) are being used to design novel immunoPET probes. Accordingly, several immunoPET probes, such as 89Zr-Df-pertuzumab and 89Zr-atezolizumab, have been successfully translated for clinical use. By noninvasively and dynamically revealing the expression of heterogeneous tumor antigens, immunoPET imaging is gradually changing the theranostic landscape of several types of malignancies. ImmunoPET is the method of choice for imaging specific tumor markers, immune cells, immune checkpoints, and inflammatory processes. Furthermore, the integration of immunoPET imaging in antibody drug development is of substantial significance because it provides pivotal information regarding antibody targeting abilities and distribution profiles. Herein, we present the latest immunoPET imaging strategies and their preclinical and clinical applications. We also emphasize current conjugation strategies that can be leveraged to develop next-generation immunoPET probes. Lastly, we discuss practical considerations to tune the development and translation of immunoPET imaging strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weijun Wei
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Renji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200127, China
- Departments of Radiology and Medical Physics, University of Wisconsin-Madison, 1111 Highland Avenue, Room 7137, Madison, Wisconsin 53705, United States
| | - Zachary T Rosenkrans
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, Wisconsin 53705, United States
| | - Jianjun Liu
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Renji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200127, China
| | - Gang Huang
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Renji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200127, China
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Molecular Imaging, Shanghai University of Medicine and Health Sciences, Shanghai 201318, China
| | - Quan-Yong Luo
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University Affiliated Sixth People's Hospital, Shanghai 200233, China
| | - Weibo Cai
- Departments of Radiology and Medical Physics, University of Wisconsin-Madison, 1111 Highland Avenue, Room 7137, Madison, Wisconsin 53705, United States
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, Wisconsin 53705, United States
- University of Wisconsin Carbone Cancer Center, Madison, Wisconsin 53705, United States
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14
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Cheal SM, Patel M, Yang G, Veach D, Xu H, Guo HF, Zanzonico PB, Axworthy DB, Cheung NKV, Ouerfelli O, Larson SM. An N-Acetylgalactosamino Dendron-Clearing Agent for High-Therapeutic-Index DOTA-Hapten Pretargeted Radioimmunotherapy. Bioconjug Chem 2020; 31:501-506. [PMID: 31891487 DOI: 10.1021/acs.bioconjchem.9b00736] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
Clearing agents (CAs) can rapidly remove nonlocalized targeting biomolecules from circulation for hepatic catabolism, thereby enhancing the therapeutic index (TI), especially for blood (marrow), of the subsequently administered radioisotope in any multistep pretargeting strategy. Herein we describe the synthesis and in vivo evaluation of a fully synthetic glycodendrimer-based CA for DOTA-based pretargeted radioimmunotherapy (DOTA-PRIT). The novel dendron-CA consists of a nonradioactive yttrium-DOTA-Bn molecule attached via a linker to a glycodendron displaying 16 terminal α-thio-N-acetylgalactosamine (α-SGalNAc) units (CCA α-16-DOTA-Y3+; molecular weight: 9059 Da). Pretargeting [177Lu]LuDOTA-Bn with CCA α-16-DOTA-Y3+ to GPA33-expressing SW1222 human colorectal xenografts was highly effective, leading to absorbed doses of [177Lu]LuDOTA-Bn for blood, tumor, liver, spleen, and kidneys of 11.7, 468, 9.97, 5.49, and 13.3 cGy/MBq, respectively. Tumor-to-normal tissues absorbed-dose ratios (i.e., TIs) ranged from 40 (e.g., for blood and kidney) to about 550 for stomach.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sarah M Cheal
- Molecular Pharmacology Program, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York 10065, United States
| | - Mitesh Patel
- Molecular Pharmacology Program, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York 10065, United States
| | - Guangbin Yang
- Organic Synthesis Core Facility, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York 10065, United States
| | - Darren Veach
- Department of Radiology, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York 10065, United States
| | - Hong Xu
- Department of Pediatrics, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York 10065, United States
| | - Hong-Fen Guo
- Department of Pediatrics, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York 10065, United States
| | - Pat B Zanzonico
- Department of Medical Physics, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York 10065, United States
| | | | - Nai-Kong V Cheung
- Department of Pediatrics, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York 10065, United States
| | - Ouathek Ouerfelli
- Organic Synthesis Core Facility, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York 10065, United States
| | - Steven M Larson
- Molecular Pharmacology Program, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York 10065, United States.,Department of Radiology, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York 10065, United States
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15
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Rondon A, Degoul F. Antibody Pretargeting Based on Bioorthogonal Click Chemistry for Cancer Imaging and Targeted Radionuclide Therapy. Bioconjug Chem 2020; 31:159-173. [PMID: 31855602 DOI: 10.1021/acs.bioconjchem.9b00761] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Bioorthogonal click chemistry-employing antibody-conjugated trans-cyclooctenes (TCO) and tetrazine (Tz)-based radioligands able to covalently bind in vivo-appeared recently as a potential alternative to circumvent the hematotoxicity induced by radioimmunotherapy of solid tumors. This Review focuses on the recent advances concerning TCO/Tz pretargeting in both cancer imaging and targeted-radionuclide therapy for prospective clinical transfer. We exhaustively identified 25 PubMed publications reporting preclinical imaging and 5 therapy studies with full mAbs as targeting vectors, since its first application in 2010. The fast, safe, modulable, and specific TCO/Tz pretargeting showed high potential as a theranostic tool to get more personalized and precise cancer care. The recent optimizations reported here highlighted a possible first clinical evaluation of IEDDA pretargeting in the coming years.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aurélie Rondon
- Université Clermont Auvergne , Imagerie Moléculaire et Stratégies Théranostiques , BP 184, F-63005 Clermont-Ferrand , France.,Inserm, U 1240 , F-63000 Clermont-Ferrand , France.,Centre Jean Perrin , F-63011 Clermont-Ferrand , France
| | - Françoise Degoul
- Université Clermont Auvergne , Imagerie Moléculaire et Stratégies Théranostiques , BP 184, F-63005 Clermont-Ferrand , France.,Inserm, U 1240 , F-63000 Clermont-Ferrand , France.,Centre Jean Perrin , F-63011 Clermont-Ferrand , France
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16
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Kholodenko RV, Kalinovsky DV, Doronin II, Ponomarev ED, Kholodenko IV. Antibody Fragments as Potential Biopharmaceuticals for Cancer Therapy: Success and Limitations. Curr Med Chem 2019; 26:396-426. [DOI: 10.2174/0929867324666170817152554] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2017] [Revised: 07/17/2017] [Accepted: 07/24/2017] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) are an important class of therapeutic agents approved for the therapy of many types of malignancies. However, in certain cases applications of conventional mAbs have several limitations in anticancer immunotherapy. These limitations include insufficient efficacy and adverse effects. The antigen-binding fragments of antibodies have a considerable potential to overcome the disadvantages of conventional mAbs, such as poor penetration into solid tumors and Fc-mediated bystander activation of the immune system. Fragments of antibodies retain antigen specificity and part of functional properties of conventional mAbs and at the same time have much better penetration into the tumors and a greatly reduced level of adverse effects. Recent advantages in antibody engineering allowed to produce different types of antibody fragments with improved structure and properties for efficient elimination of tumor cells. These molecules opened up new perspectives for anticancer therapy. Here, we will overview the structural features of the various types of antibody fragments and their applications for anticancer therapy as separate molecules and as part of complex conjugates or structures. Mechanisms of antitumor action of antibody fragments as well as their advantages and disadvantages for clinical application will be discussed in this review.
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Affiliation(s)
- Roman V. Kholodenko
- Shemyakin-Ovchinnikov Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, Miklukho- Maklaya St., 16/10, Moscow 117997, Russian Federation
| | - Daniel V. Kalinovsky
- Shemyakin-Ovchinnikov Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, Miklukho- Maklaya St., 16/10, Moscow 117997, Russian Federation
| | - Igor I. Doronin
- Shemyakin-Ovchinnikov Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, Miklukho- Maklaya St., 16/10, Moscow 117997, Russian Federation
| | - Eugene D. Ponomarev
- School of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Brain, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin NT, Hong Kong
| | - Irina V. Kholodenko
- Shemyakin-Ovchinnikov Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, Miklukho- Maklaya St., 16/10, Moscow 117997, Russian Federation
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17
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Liu G. A Revisit to the Pretargeting Concept-A Target Conversion. Front Pharmacol 2018; 9:1476. [PMID: 30618765 PMCID: PMC6304396 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2018.01476] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2018] [Accepted: 12/03/2018] [Indexed: 01/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Pretargeting is often used as a tumor targeting strategy that provides much higher tumor to non-tumor ratios than direct-targeting using radiolabeled antibody. Due to the multiple injections, pretargeting is investigated less than direct targeting, but the high T/NT ratios have rendered it more useful for therapy. While the progress in using this strategy for tumor therapy has been regularly reviewed in the literature, this review focuses on the nature and quantitative understanding of the pretargeting concept. By doing so, it is the goal of this review to accelerate pretargeting development and translation to the clinic and to prepare the researchers who are not familiar with the pretargeting concept but are interested in applying it. The quantitative understanding is presented in a way understandable to the average researchers in the areas of drug development and clinical translation who have the basic concept of calculus and general chemistry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guozheng Liu
- Department of Radiology, University of Massachusetts Medical School Worcester, MA, United States
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18
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Cheal SM, Xu H, Guo HF, Patel M, Punzalan B, Fung EK, Lee SG, Bell M, Singh M, Jungbluth AA, Zanzonico PB, Piersigilli A, Larson SM, Cheung NKV. Theranostic pretargeted radioimmunotherapy of internalizing solid tumor antigens in human tumor xenografts in mice: Curative treatment of HER2-positive breast carcinoma. Am J Cancer Res 2018; 8:5106-5125. [PMID: 30429889 PMCID: PMC6217068 DOI: 10.7150/thno.26585] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2018] [Accepted: 07/24/2018] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
In recent reports, we have shown that optimized pretargeted radioimmunotherapy (PRIT) based on molecularly engineered antibody conjugates and 177Lu-DOTA chelate (DOTA-PRIT) can be used to cure mice bearing human solid tumor xenografts using antitumor antibodies to minimally internalizing membrane antigens, GPA33 (colon) and GD2 (neuroblastoma). However, many solid tumor membrane antigens are internalized after antibody binding and it is generally believed that internalizing tumor membrane antigens are not suitable targets for PRIT. In this study, we tested the hypothesis that DOTA-PRIT can be performed successfully to target HER2, an internalizing membrane antigen widely expressed in breast, ovarian, and gastroesophageal junction cancers. Methods: DOTA-PRIT was carried out in athymic nude mice bearing BT-474 xenografts, a HER2-expressing human breast cancer, using a three-step dosing regimen consisting of sequential intravenous administrations of: 1) a bispecific IgG-scFv (210 kD) format (BsAb) carrying the IgG sequence of the anti-HER2 antibody trastuzumab and the scFv “C825” with high-affinity, hapten-binding antibody for Bn-DOTA (metal) (BsAb: anti-HER2-C825), 2) a 500 kD dextran-based clearing agent, followed by 3) 177Lu-DOTA-Bn. At the time of treatment, athymic nude mice bearing established subcutaneous BT-474 tumors (medium- and smaller-sized tumors with tumor volumes of 209 ± 101 mm3 and ranging from palpable to 30 mm3, respectively), were studied along with controls. We studied single- and multi-dose regimens. For groups receiving fractionated treatment, we verified quantitative tumor targeting during each treatment cycle using non-invasive imaging with single-photon emission computed tomography/computed tomography (SPECT/CT). Results: We achieved high therapeutic indices (TI, the ratio of radiation-absorbed dose in tumor to radiation-absorbed dose to critical organs, such as bone marrow) for targeting in blood (TI = 28) and kidney (TI = 7), while delivering average radiation-absorbed doses of 39.9 cGy/MBq to tumor. Based on dosimetry estimates, we implemented a curative fractionated therapeutic regimen for medium-sized tumors that would deliver approximately 70 Gy to tumors, which required treatment with a total of 167 MBq 177Lu-DOTA-Bn/mouse (estimated absorbed tumor dose: 66 Gy). This regimen was well tolerated and achieved 100% complete responses (CRs; defined herein as tumor volume equal to or smaller than 4.2 mm3), including 62.5% histologic cure (5/8) and 37.5% microscopic residual disease (3/8) at 85 days (d). Treatment controls showed tumor progression to 207 ± 201% of pre-treatment volume at 85 d and no CRs. Finally, we show that treatment with this curative 177Lu regimen leads to a very low incidence of histopathologic abnormalities in critical organs such as bone marrow and kidney among survivors compared with non-treated controls. Conclusion: Contrary to popular belief, we demonstrate that DOTA-PRIT can be successfully adapted to an internalizing antigen-antibody system such as HER2, with sufficient TIs and absorbed tumor doses to achieve a high probability of cures of established human breast cancer xenografts while sparing critical organs of significant radiotoxicity.
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19
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Stéen EJL, Edem PE, Nørregaard K, Jørgensen JT, Shalgunov V, Kjaer A, Herth MM. Pretargeting in nuclear imaging and radionuclide therapy: Improving efficacy of theranostics and nanomedicines. Biomaterials 2018; 179:209-245. [PMID: 30007471 DOI: 10.1016/j.biomaterials.2018.06.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 99] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2018] [Revised: 06/13/2018] [Accepted: 06/14/2018] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Abstract
Pretargeted nuclear imaging and radiotherapy have recently attracted increasing attention for diagnosis and treatment of cancer with nanomedicines. This is because it conceptually offers better imaging contrast and therapeutic efficiency while reducing the dose to radiosensitive tissues compared to conventional strategies. In conventional imaging and radiotherapy, a directly radiolabeled nano-sized vector is administered and allowed to accumulate in the tumor, typically on a timescale of several days. In contrast, pretargeting is based on a two-step approach. First, a tumor-accumulating vector carrying a tag is administered followed by injection of a fast clearing radiolabeled agent that rapidly recognizes the tag of the tumor-bound vector in vivo. Therefore, pretargeting circumvents the use of long-lived radionuclides that is a necessity for sufficient tumor accumulation and target-to-background ratios using conventional approaches. In this review, we give an overview of recent advances in pretargeted imaging strategies. We will critically reflect on the advantages and disadvantages of current state-of-the-art conventional imaging approaches and compare them to pretargeted strategies. We will discuss the pretargeted imaging concept and the involved chemistry. Finally, we will discuss the steps forward in respect to clinical translation, and how pretargeted strategies could be applied to improve state-of-the-art radiotherapeutic approaches.
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Affiliation(s)
- E Johanna L Stéen
- Department of Drug Design and Pharmacology, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Jagtvej 160, DK-2100 Copenhagen, Denmark; Department of Clinical Physiology, Nuclear Medicine & PET, Rigshospitalet, Blegdamsvej 9, DK-2100 Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Patricia E Edem
- Department of Drug Design and Pharmacology, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Jagtvej 160, DK-2100 Copenhagen, Denmark; Department of Clinical Physiology, Nuclear Medicine & PET, Rigshospitalet, Blegdamsvej 9, DK-2100 Copenhagen, Denmark; Cluster for Molecular Imaging, Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Blegdamsvej 3, DK-2100 Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Kamilla Nørregaard
- Department of Clinical Physiology, Nuclear Medicine & PET, Rigshospitalet, Blegdamsvej 9, DK-2100 Copenhagen, Denmark; Cluster for Molecular Imaging, Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Blegdamsvej 3, DK-2100 Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Jesper T Jørgensen
- Department of Clinical Physiology, Nuclear Medicine & PET, Rigshospitalet, Blegdamsvej 9, DK-2100 Copenhagen, Denmark; Cluster for Molecular Imaging, Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Blegdamsvej 3, DK-2100 Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Vladimir Shalgunov
- Department of Drug Design and Pharmacology, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Jagtvej 160, DK-2100 Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Andreas Kjaer
- Department of Clinical Physiology, Nuclear Medicine & PET, Rigshospitalet, Blegdamsvej 9, DK-2100 Copenhagen, Denmark; Cluster for Molecular Imaging, Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Blegdamsvej 3, DK-2100 Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Matthias M Herth
- Department of Drug Design and Pharmacology, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Jagtvej 160, DK-2100 Copenhagen, Denmark; Department of Clinical Physiology, Nuclear Medicine & PET, Rigshospitalet, Blegdamsvej 9, DK-2100 Copenhagen, Denmark.
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20
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Wang Z, Li Y, Liang W, Zheng J, Li S, Hu C, Chen A. A Highly Sensitive Detection System based on Proximity-dependent Hybridization with Computer-aided Affinity Maturation of a scFv Antibody. Sci Rep 2018; 8:3837. [PMID: 29497069 PMCID: PMC5832849 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-018-22111-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2017] [Accepted: 02/14/2018] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
The hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection is a critical health problem worldwide, and HBV preS1 is an important biomarker for monitoring HBV infection. Previously, we found that a murine monoclonal antibody, mAb-D8, targets the preS1 (aa91-107) fragment of HBV. To improve its performance, we prepared the single-chain variable region of mAb-D8 (scFvD8) and constructed the three-dimensional structure of the scFvD8-preS1 (aa91-107) complex by computer modelling. The affinity of scFvD8 was markedly increased by the introduction of mutations L96Tyr to Ser and H98Asp to Ser. Furthermore, a highly sensitive immunosensor was designed based on a proximity-dependent hybridization strategy in which the preS1 antigen competitively reacts with an antibody labelled with DNA, resulting in decreased proximity-dependent hybridization and increased electrochemical signal from the Fc fragment, which can be used for the quantisation of preS1. The results showed a wide detection range from 1 pM to 50 pM with a detection limit of 0.1 pM. The sensitivity and specificity of this immunosensor in clinical serum samples were 100% and 96%, respectively. This study provides a novel system based on proximity-dependent hybridization and the scFv antibody fragment for the rapid quantisation of antigens of interest with a high sensitivity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhiheng Wang
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, College of Medical Laboratory, Southwest Hospital, Army Medical University (Third Military Medical University), 30 Gaotanyan Street, Shapingba District, Chongqing, 400038, PR China
| | - Yan Li
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Science, College of Medical Laboratory, Southwest Hospital, Army Medical University (Third Military Medical University), 30 Gaotanyan Street, Shapingba District, Chongqing, 400038, PR China
| | - Wenbin Liang
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, College of Medical Laboratory, Southwest Hospital, Army Medical University (Third Military Medical University), 30 Gaotanyan Street, Shapingba District, Chongqing, 400038, PR China
| | - Junsong Zheng
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Science, College of Medical Laboratory, Southwest Hospital, Army Medical University (Third Military Medical University), 30 Gaotanyan Street, Shapingba District, Chongqing, 400038, PR China
| | - Shuhui Li
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, College of Medical Laboratory, Southwest Hospital, Army Medical University (Third Military Medical University), 30 Gaotanyan Street, Shapingba District, Chongqing, 400038, PR China
| | - Chuanmin Hu
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, College of Medical Laboratory, Southwest Hospital, Army Medical University (Third Military Medical University), 30 Gaotanyan Street, Shapingba District, Chongqing, 400038, PR China
| | - An Chen
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, College of Medical Laboratory, Southwest Hospital, Army Medical University (Third Military Medical University), 30 Gaotanyan Street, Shapingba District, Chongqing, 400038, PR China.
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21
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Abstract
The critical need for renewable, high-quality affinity reagents in biological research, as well as for diagnostic and therapeutic applications, has required the development of new platforms of discovery. Yeast display is one of the main methods of in vitro display technology with phage display. Yeast display has been chosen by numerous groups to refine both affinity and specificity of antibodies because it enables fine discrimination between mutant clones of similar affinity. In addition, the construction of display libraries of antibody fragments in yeast permits to sample the immune antibody repertoire more fully than using phage. This chapter gives an updated overview of the available systems of yeast display platforms and libraries, followed up by technical descriptions of selection methods of antibody fragments by yeast display.
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22
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Keinänen O, Fung K, Pourat J, Jallinoja V, Vivier D, Pillarsetty NK, Airaksinen AJ, Lewis JS, Zeglis BM, Sarparanta M. Pretargeting of internalizing trastuzumab and cetuximab with a 18F-tetrazine tracer in xenograft models. EJNMMI Res 2017; 7:95. [PMID: 29198065 PMCID: PMC5712296 DOI: 10.1186/s13550-017-0344-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2017] [Accepted: 11/19/2017] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Pretargeting-based approaches are being investigated for radioimmunoimaging and therapy applications to reduce the effective radiation burden to the patient. To date, only a few studies have used short-lived radioisotopes for pretargeting of antibodies, and such examples with internalizing antibodies are even rarer. Herein, we have investigated pretargeting methodology using inverse electron-demand Diels-Alder (IEDDA) for tracing two clinically relevant, internalizing monoclonal antibodies, cetuximab and trastuzumab. RESULTS Bioorthogonal reaction between tetrazine and trans-cyclooctene (TCO) was used for tracing cetuximab and trastuzumab in vivo with a fluorine-18 (t ½ = 109.8 min) labelled tracer. TCO-cetuximab or TCO-trastuzumab was administered 24, 48, or 72 h prior to the injection of tracer to A431 or BT-474 tumour-bearing mice, respectively. With cetuximab, the highest tumour-to-blood ratios were achieved when the lag time between antibody and tracer injections was 72 h. With trastuzumab, no difference was observed between different lag times. For both antibodies, the tumour could be clearly visualized in the PET images with the highest tumour uptake of 3.7 ± 0.1%ID/g for cetuximab and 1.5 ± 0.1%ID/g for trastuzumab as quantified by ex vivo biodistribution. In vivo IEDDA reaction was observed in the blood for both antibodies, but with trastuzumab, this was to a much lower degree than with cetuximab. CONCLUSIONS We could successfully visualize the tumours by using cetuximab and trastuzumab in pretargeted PET imaging despite the challenging circumstances where the antibody is internalized and there is still some unbound antibody circulating in the blood flow. This clearly demonstrates the potential of a pretargeted approach for targeting internalizing antigens and warrants development of pharmacokinetic optimization of the biorthogonal reactants to this end.
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Affiliation(s)
- Outi Keinänen
- Department of Chemistry, Radiochemistry, University of Helsinki, P.O. Box 55, FI-00014, Helsinki, Finland.,Department of Radiology, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, 1275 York Avenue, New York, NY, 10065, USA
| | - Kimberly Fung
- Department of Radiology, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, 1275 York Avenue, New York, NY, 10065, USA.,Department of Chemistry, Hunter College and the Graduate Center of the City University of New York, 695 Park Avenue, New York, NY, 10065, USA.,Ph.D. Program in Chemistry, Graduate Center of the City University of New York, New York, 10016, NY, USA
| | - Jacob Pourat
- Department of Radiology, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, 1275 York Avenue, New York, NY, 10065, USA
| | - Vilma Jallinoja
- Department of Chemistry, Radiochemistry, University of Helsinki, P.O. Box 55, FI-00014, Helsinki, Finland.,Department of Radiology, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, 1275 York Avenue, New York, NY, 10065, USA
| | - Delphine Vivier
- Department of Radiology, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, 1275 York Avenue, New York, NY, 10065, USA.,Department of Chemistry, Hunter College and the Graduate Center of the City University of New York, 695 Park Avenue, New York, NY, 10065, USA
| | - NagaVara Kishore Pillarsetty
- Department of Radiology, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, 1275 York Avenue, New York, NY, 10065, USA.,Department of Radiology, Weill Cornell Medical College, 1300 York Avenue, New York, NY, 10065, USA
| | - Anu J Airaksinen
- Department of Chemistry, Radiochemistry, University of Helsinki, P.O. Box 55, FI-00014, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Jason S Lewis
- Department of Radiology, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, 1275 York Avenue, New York, NY, 10065, USA.,Program in Molecular Pharmacology, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, 1275 York Avenue, New York, NY, 10065, USA.,Department of Radiology, Weill Cornell Medical College, 1300 York Avenue, New York, NY, 10065, USA.,Department of Pharmacology, Weill Cornell Medical College, 1300 York Avenue, New York, NY, 10065, USA
| | - Brian M Zeglis
- Department of Radiology, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, 1275 York Avenue, New York, NY, 10065, USA.,Department of Chemistry, Hunter College and the Graduate Center of the City University of New York, 695 Park Avenue, New York, NY, 10065, USA.,Ph.D. Program in Chemistry, Graduate Center of the City University of New York, New York, 10016, NY, USA
| | - Mirkka Sarparanta
- Department of Chemistry, Radiochemistry, University of Helsinki, P.O. Box 55, FI-00014, Helsinki, Finland. .,Department of Radiology, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, 1275 York Avenue, New York, NY, 10065, USA.
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23
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Cheal SM, Fung EK, Patel M, Xu H, Guo HF, Zanzonico PB, Monette S, Wittrup KD, Cheung NKV, Larson SM. Curative Multicycle Radioimmunotherapy Monitored by Quantitative SPECT/CT-Based Theranostics, Using Bispecific Antibody Pretargeting Strategy in Colorectal Cancer. J Nucl Med 2017; 58:1735-1742. [PMID: 28705917 DOI: 10.2967/jnumed.117.193250] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2017] [Accepted: 05/31/2017] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Radioimmunotherapy of solid tumors using antibody-targeted radionuclides has been limited by low therapeutic indices (TIs). We recently reported a novel 3-step pretargeted radioimmunotherapy (PRIT) strategy based on a glycoprotein A33 (GPA33)-targeting bispecific antibody and a small-molecule radioactive hapten, a complex of 177Lu and S-2-(4-aminobenzyl)-1,4,7,10-tetraazacyclododecane tetraacetic acid (177Lu-DOTA-Bn), that leads to high TIs for radiosensitive tissues such as blood (TI = 73) and kidney (TI = 12). We tested our hypothesis that a fractionated anti-GPA33 DOTA-PRIT regimen calibrated to deliver a radiation absorbed dose to tumor of more than 100 Gy would lead to a high probability of tumor cure while being well tolerated by nude mice bearing subcutaneous GPA33-positive SW1222 xenografts. Methods: We treated groups of nude mice bearing 7-d-old SW1222 xenografts with a fractionated 3-cycle anti-GPA33 DOTA-PRIT regimen (total administered 177Lu-DOTA-Bn activity, 167 MBq/mouse; estimated radiation absorbed dose to tumor, 110 Gy). In randomly selected mice undergoing treatment, serial SPECT/CT imaging was used to monitor treatment response and calculate radiation absorbed doses to tumor. Necropsy was done on surviving animals 100-200 d after treatment to determine frequency of cure and assess select normal tissues for treatment-related histopathologies. Results: Rapid exponential tumor progression was observed in control treatment groups (i.e., no treatment or 177Lu-DOTA-Bn only), leading to euthanasia due to excessive tumor burden, whereas 10 of 10 complete responses were observed for the DOTA-PRIT-treated animals within 30 d. Treatment was well tolerated, and 100% histologic cure was achieved in 9 of 9 assessable animals without detectable radiation damage to critical organs, including bone marrow and kidney. Radiation absorbed doses to tumor derived from SPECT/CT (102 Gy) and from biodistribution (110 Gy) agreed to within 6.9%. Of the total dose of approximately 100 Gy, the first dose contributes 30%, the second dose 60%, and the third dose 10%. Conclusion: In a GPA33-positive human colorectal cancer xenograft mouse model, we validated a SPECT/CT-based theranostic PRIT regimen that led to 100% complete responses and 100% cures without any treatment-related toxicities, based on high TIs for radiosensitive tissues. These studies support the view that anti-GPA33 DOTA-PRIT will be a potent radioimmunotherapy regimen for GPA33-positive colorectal cancer tumors in humans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sarah M Cheal
- Department of Radiology, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York.,Molecular Pharmacology Program, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York
| | - Edward K Fung
- Department of Medical Physics, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York
| | - Mitesh Patel
- Molecular Pharmacology Program, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York
| | - Hong Xu
- Department of Pediatrics, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York
| | - Hong-Fen Guo
- Department of Pediatrics, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York
| | - Pat B Zanzonico
- Department of Medical Physics, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York
| | - Sebastien Monette
- Tri-Institutional Laboratory of Comparative Pathology, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, Weill Cornell Medicine, and The Rockefeller University, New York, New York
| | - K Dane Wittrup
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts.,Department of Biological Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts; and.,Koch Institute for Integrative Cancer Research, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts
| | - Nai-Kong V Cheung
- Molecular Pharmacology Program, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York.,Department of Pediatrics, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York
| | - Steven M Larson
- Department of Radiology, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York .,Molecular Pharmacology Program, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York
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24
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Altai M, Membreno R, Cook B, Tolmachev V, Zeglis BM. Pretargeted Imaging and Therapy. J Nucl Med 2017; 58:1553-1559. [PMID: 28687600 DOI: 10.2967/jnumed.117.189944] [Citation(s) in RCA: 129] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2017] [Accepted: 06/27/2017] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
In vivo pretargeting stands as a promising approach to harnessing the exquisite tumor-targeting properties of antibodies for nuclear imaging and therapy while simultaneously skirting their pharmacokinetic limitations. The core premise of pretargeting lies in administering the targeting vector and radioisotope separately and having the 2 components combine within the body. In this manner, pretargeting strategies decrease the circulation time of the radioactivity, reduce the uptake of the radionuclide in healthy nontarget tissues, and facilitate the use of short-lived radionuclides that would otherwise be incompatible with antibody-based vectors. In this short review, we seek to provide a brief yet informative survey of the 4 preeminent mechanistic approaches to pretargeting, strategies predicated on streptavidin and biotin, bispecific antibodies, complementary oligonucleotides, and bioorthogonal click chemistry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohamed Altai
- Department of Immunology, Genetics, and Pathology, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Rosemery Membreno
- Department of Chemistry, Hunter College of the City University of New York, New York, New York.,PhD Program in Chemistry, Graduate Center of the City University of New York, New York, New York; and.,Department of Radiology, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York
| | - Brendon Cook
- Department of Chemistry, Hunter College of the City University of New York, New York, New York.,PhD Program in Chemistry, Graduate Center of the City University of New York, New York, New York; and.,Department of Radiology, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York
| | - Vladimir Tolmachev
- Department of Immunology, Genetics, and Pathology, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Brian M Zeglis
- Department of Chemistry, Hunter College of the City University of New York, New York, New York .,PhD Program in Chemistry, Graduate Center of the City University of New York, New York, New York; and.,Department of Radiology, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York
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25
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Green DJ, Press OW. Whither Radioimmunotherapy: To Be or Not To Be? Cancer Res 2017; 77:2191-2196. [PMID: 28428282 DOI: 10.1158/0008-5472.can-16-2523] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2016] [Revised: 10/26/2016] [Accepted: 01/20/2017] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
Therapy of cancer with radiolabeled monoclonal antibodies has produced impressive results in preclinical experiments and in clinical trials conducted in radiosensitive malignancies, particularly B-cell lymphomas. Two "first-generation," directly radiolabeled anti-CD20 antibodies, 131iodine-tositumomab and 90yttrium-ibritumomab tiuxetan, were FDA-approved more than a decade ago but have been little utilized because of a variety of medical, financial, and logistic obstacles. Newer technologies employing multistep "pretargeting" methods, particularly those utilizing bispecific antibodies, have greatly enhanced the therapeutic efficacy of radioimmunotherapy and diminished its toxicities. The dramatically improved therapeutic index of bispecific antibody pretargeting appears to be sufficiently compelling to justify human clinical trials and reinvigorate enthusiasm for radioimmunotherapy in the treatment of malignancies, particularly lymphomas. Cancer Res; 77(9); 2191-6. ©2017 AACR.
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Affiliation(s)
- Damian J Green
- Clinical Research Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, Washington. .,Department of Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington
| | - Oliver W Press
- Clinical Research Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, Washington.,Department of Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington.,Department of Bioengineering, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington
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26
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Green DJ, Frayo SL, Lin Y, Hamlin DK, Fisher DR, Frost SHL, Kenoyer AL, Hylarides MD, Gopal AK, Gooley TA, Orozco JJ, Till BG, O'Steen S, Orcutt KD, Wilbur DS, Wittrup KD, Press OW. Comparative Analysis of Bispecific Antibody and Streptavidin-Targeted Radioimmunotherapy for B-cell Cancers. Cancer Res 2016; 76:6669-6679. [PMID: 27590740 DOI: 10.1158/0008-5472.can-16-0571] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2016] [Revised: 08/10/2016] [Accepted: 08/29/2016] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Streptavidin (SA)-biotin pretargeted radioimmunotherapy (PRIT) that targets CD20 in non-Hodgkin lymphoma (NHL) exhibits remarkable efficacy in model systems, but SA immunogenicity and interference by endogenous biotin may complicate clinical translation of this approach. In this study, we engineered a bispecific fusion protein (FP) that evades the limitations imposed by this system. Briefly, one arm of the FP was an anti-human CD20 antibody (2H7), with the other arm of the FP an anti-chelated radiometal trap for a radiolabeled ligand (yttrium[Y]-DOTA) captured by a very high-affinity anti-Y-DOTA scFv antibody (C825). Head-to-head biodistribution experiments comparing SA-biotin and bispecific FP (2H7-Fc-C825) PRIT in murine subjects bearing human lymphoma xenografts demonstrated nearly identical tumor targeting by each modality at 24 hours. However, residual radioactivity in the blood and normal organs was consistently higher following administration of 1F5-SA compared with 2H7-Fc-C825. Consequently, tumor-to-normal tissue ratios of distribution were superior for 2H7-Fc-C825 (P < 0.0001). Therapy studies in subjects bearing either Ramos or Granta subcutaneous lymphomas demonstrated that 2H7-Fc-C825 PRIT is highly effective and significantly less myelosuppressive than 1F5-SA (P < 0.0001). All animals receiving optimal doses of 2H7-Fc-C825 followed by 90Y-DOTA were cured by 150 days, whereas the growth of tumors in control animals progressed rapidly with complete morbidity by 25 days. In addition to demonstrating reduced risk of immunogenicity and an absence of endogenous biotin interference, our findings offer a preclinical proof of concept for the preferred use of bispecific PRIT in future clinical trials, due to a slightly superior biodistribution profile, less myelosuppression, and superior efficacy. Cancer Res; 76(22); 6669-79. ©2016 AACR.
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Affiliation(s)
- Damian J Green
- Clinical Research Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, Washington. .,Department of Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington
| | - Shani L Frayo
- Clinical Research Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, Washington
| | - Yukang Lin
- Clinical Research Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, Washington
| | - Donald K Hamlin
- Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington
| | | | - Sofia H L Frost
- Clinical Research Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, Washington
| | - Aimee L Kenoyer
- Clinical Research Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, Washington
| | - Mark D Hylarides
- Clinical Research Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, Washington
| | - Ajay K Gopal
- Clinical Research Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, Washington.,Department of Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington
| | - Theodore A Gooley
- Clinical Research Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, Washington
| | - Johnnie J Orozco
- Clinical Research Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, Washington.,Department of Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington
| | - Brian G Till
- Clinical Research Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, Washington.,Department of Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington
| | - Shyril O'Steen
- Clinical Research Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, Washington
| | - Kelly D Orcutt
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - D Scott Wilbur
- Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington
| | - K Dane Wittrup
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Boston, Massachusetts.,Department of Biological Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Oliver W Press
- Clinical Research Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, Washington.,Department of Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington
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27
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Cheng M, Santich BH, Xu H, Ahmed M, Huse M, Cheung NKV. Successful engineering of a highly potent single-chain variable-fragment (scFv) bispecific antibody to target disialoganglioside (GD2) positive tumors. Oncoimmunology 2016; 5:e1168557. [PMID: 27471647 PMCID: PMC4938304 DOI: 10.1080/2162402x.2016.1168557] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2016] [Revised: 03/11/2016] [Accepted: 03/14/2016] [Indexed: 01/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Engineering potent bispecific antibodies from single-chain variable fragments (scFv) remains difficult due to the inherent instability and insufficient binding of scFv's compared to their parental immunoglobulin format. Previously, we described a scFv-based bispecific antibody (scBA) against disialoganglioside (GD2) based on the anti-GD2 murine 5F11-scFv and the anti-CD3 huOKT3-scFv (5F11-scBA). In this study, we substituted the 5F11-scFv with the higher affinity (13-fold) hu3F8-scFv to form hu3F8-scBA. With this modification, hu3F8-scBA redirected T cells to kill GD2(+) cancer cell lines with up to 5,000-fold higher potency (femtomolar EC50) compared with 5F11-scBA (picomolar EC50) in cytotoxicity assays, even against target cells with low GD2 densities. Furthermore, hu3F8-scBA induced stronger T-cell activation than 5F11-scBA, as measured by Ca2+ flux and cytokine release. Additionally, in vivo, hu3F8-scBA suppressed tumor growth and prolonged mice survival much more effectively than 5F11-scBA, in both neuroblastoma and melanoma xenograft models. We conclude that the functional properties of scBA's can be increased substantially by relatively modest increases in antigen affinity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ming Cheng
- Department of Pediatrics, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center , New York, NY, USA
| | - Brian H Santich
- Department of Pediatrics, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA; Immunology Program, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Hong Xu
- Department of Pediatrics, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center , New York, NY, USA
| | - Mahiuddin Ahmed
- Department of Pediatrics, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center , New York, NY, USA
| | - Morgan Huse
- Immunology Program, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center , New York, NY, USA
| | - Nai-Kong V Cheung
- Department of Pediatrics, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center , New York, NY, USA
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28
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Cheal SM, Xu H, Guo HF, Lee SG, Punzalan B, Chalasani S, Fung EK, Jungbluth A, Zanzonico PB, Carrasquillo JA, O'Donoghue J, Smith-Jones PM, Wittrup KD, Cheung NKV, Larson SM. Theranostic pretargeted radioimmunotherapy of colorectal cancer xenografts in mice using picomolar affinity ⁸⁶Y- or ¹⁷⁷Lu-DOTA-Bn binding scFv C825/GPA33 IgG bispecific immunoconjugates. Eur J Nucl Med Mol Imaging 2015; 43:925-937. [PMID: 26596724 DOI: 10.1007/s00259-015-3254-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2015] [Accepted: 11/02/2015] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE GPA33 is a colorectal cancer (CRC) antigen with unique retention properties after huA33-mediated tumor targeting. We tested a pretargeted radioimmunotherapy (PRIT) approach for CRC using a tetravalent bispecific antibody with dual specificity for GPA33 tumor antigen and DOTA-Bn-(radiolanthanide metal) complex. METHODS PRIT was optimized in vivo by titrating sequential intravenous doses of huA33-C825, the dextran-based clearing agent, and the C825 haptens (177)Lu-or (86)Y-DOTA-Bn in mice bearing the SW1222 subcutaneous (s.c.) CRC xenograft model. RESULTS Using optimized PRIT, therapeutic indices (TIs) for tumor radiation-absorbed dose of 73 (tumor/blood) and 12 (tumor/kidney) were achieved. Estimated absorbed doses (cGy/MBq) to tumor, blood, liver, spleen, and kidney for single-cycle PRIT were 65.8, 0.9 (TI 73), 6.3 (TI 10), 6.6 (TI 10), and 5.3 (TI 12), respectively. Two cycles of PRIT (66.6 or 111 MBq (177)Lu-DOTA-Bn) were safe and effective, with a complete response of established s.c. tumors (100 - 700 mm(3)) in nine of nine mice, with two mice alive without recurrence at >140 days. Tumor log kill in this model was estimated to be 2.1 - 3.0 based on time to 500-mm(3) tumor recurrence. In addition, PRIT dosimetry/diagnosis was performed by PET imaging of the positron-emitting DOTA hapten (86)Y-DOTA-Bn. CONCLUSION We have developed anti-GPA33 PRIT as a triple-step theranostic strategy for preclinical detection, dosimetry, and safe targeted radiotherapy of established human colorectal mouse xenografts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sarah M Cheal
- Department of Radiology, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA.,Molecular Pharmacology and Chemistry Program, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, 415 E. 68th Street, Z-2064, New York, NY, 10065, USA
| | - Hong Xu
- Department of Pediatrics, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Hong-Fen Guo
- Department of Pediatrics, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Sang-Gyu Lee
- Department of Radiology, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA.,Molecular Pharmacology and Chemistry Program, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, 415 E. 68th Street, Z-2064, New York, NY, 10065, USA
| | - Blesida Punzalan
- Department of Radiology, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA.,Molecular Pharmacology and Chemistry Program, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, 415 E. 68th Street, Z-2064, New York, NY, 10065, USA
| | - Sandhya Chalasani
- Department of Radiology, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Edward K Fung
- Molecular Pharmacology and Chemistry Program, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, 415 E. 68th Street, Z-2064, New York, NY, 10065, USA.,Department of Medical Physics, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Achim Jungbluth
- Department of Pathology, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Pat B Zanzonico
- Department of Medical Physics, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Jorge A Carrasquillo
- Department of Radiology, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Joseph O'Donoghue
- Department of Medical Physics, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Peter M Smith-Jones
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Science, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, NY, USA.,Department of Radiology, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, NY, USA
| | - K Dane Wittrup
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, USA.,Department of Biological Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, USA.,Koch Institute for Integrative Cancer Research, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Nai-Kong V Cheung
- Molecular Pharmacology and Chemistry Program, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, 415 E. 68th Street, Z-2064, New York, NY, 10065, USA.,Department of Pediatrics, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Steven M Larson
- Department of Radiology, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA. .,Molecular Pharmacology and Chemistry Program, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, 415 E. 68th Street, Z-2064, New York, NY, 10065, USA.
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29
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Shuhendler AJ, Ye D, Brewer KD, Bazalova-Carter M, Lee KH, Kempen P, Dane Wittrup K, Graves EE, Rutt B, Rao J. Molecular Magnetic Resonance Imaging of Tumor Response to Therapy. Sci Rep 2015; 5:14759. [PMID: 26440059 PMCID: PMC4594000 DOI: 10.1038/srep14759] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2015] [Accepted: 09/02/2015] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Personalized cancer medicine requires measurement of therapeutic efficacy as early as possible, which is optimally achieved by three-dimensional imaging given the heterogeneity of cancer. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) can obtain images of both anatomy and cellular responses, if acquired with a molecular imaging contrast agent. The poor sensitivity of MRI has limited the development of activatable molecular MR contrast agents. To overcome this limitation of molecular MRI, a novel implementation of our caspase-3-sensitive nanoaggregation MRI (C-SNAM) contrast agent is reported. C-SNAM is triggered to self-assemble into nanoparticles in apoptotic tumor cells, and effectively amplifies molecular level changes through nanoaggregation, enhancing tissue retention and spin-lattice relaxivity. At one-tenth the current clinical dose of contrast agent, and following a single imaging session, C-SNAM MRI accurately measured the response of tumors to either metronomic chemotherapy or radiation therapy, where the degree of signal enhancement is prognostic of long-term therapeutic efficacy. Importantly, C-SNAM is inert to immune activation, permitting radiation therapy monitoring.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adam J Shuhendler
- Molecular Imaging Program at Stanford, Stanford, California 94305, USA.,Departments of Radiology, Stanford, California 94305, USA
| | - Deju Ye
- Molecular Imaging Program at Stanford, Stanford, California 94305, USA.,Departments of Radiology, Stanford, California 94305, USA
| | - Kimberly D Brewer
- Molecular Imaging Program at Stanford, Stanford, California 94305, USA.,Departments of Radiology, Stanford, California 94305, USA
| | - Magdalena Bazalova-Carter
- Molecular Imaging Program at Stanford, Stanford, California 94305, USA.,Radiation Oncology, Stanford, California 94305, USA
| | - Kyung-Hyun Lee
- Molecular Imaging Program at Stanford, Stanford, California 94305, USA.,Departments of Radiology, Stanford, California 94305, USA
| | - Paul Kempen
- Materials Science and Engineering, Stanford University, Stanford, California 94305, USA
| | - K Dane Wittrup
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Department of Biological Engineering, and Koch Institute for Integrative Cancer Research, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts, 02139, USA
| | - Edward E Graves
- Molecular Imaging Program at Stanford, Stanford, California 94305, USA.,Radiation Oncology, Stanford, California 94305, USA
| | - Brian Rutt
- Molecular Imaging Program at Stanford, Stanford, California 94305, USA.,Departments of Radiology, Stanford, California 94305, USA
| | - Jianghong Rao
- Molecular Imaging Program at Stanford, Stanford, California 94305, USA.,Departments of Radiology, Stanford, California 94305, USA
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30
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Pogue BW, Paulsen KD, Hull SM, Samkoe KS, Gunn J, Hoopes J, Roberts DW, Strong TV, Draney D, Feldwisch J. Advancing Molecular-Guided Surgery through probe development and testing in a moderate cost evaluation pipeline. PROCEEDINGS OF SPIE--THE INTERNATIONAL SOCIETY FOR OPTICAL ENGINEERING 2015; 9311:931112. [PMID: 25914500 PMCID: PMC4405779 DOI: 10.1117/12.2083224] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/06/2023]
Abstract
Molecular guided oncology surgery has the potential to transform the way decisions about resection are done, and can be critically important in areas such as neurosurgery where the margins of tumor relative to critical normal tissues are not readily apparent from visual or palpable guidance. Yet there are major financial barriers to advancing agents into clinical trials with commercial backing. We observe that development of these agents in the standard biological therapeutic paradigm is not viable, due to the high up front financial investment needed and the limitations in the revenue models of contrast agents for imaging. The hypothesized solution to this problem is to develop small molecular biologicals tagged with an established fluorescent reporter, through the chemical agent approval pathway, targeting a phase 0 trials initially, such that the initial startup phase can be completely funded by a single NIH grant. In this way, fast trials can be completed to de-risk the development pipeline, and advance the idea of fluorescence-guided surgery (FGS) reporters into human testing. As with biological therapies the potential successes of each agent are still moderate, but this process will allow the field to advance in a more stable and productive manner, rather than relying upon isolated molecules developed at high cost and risk. The pathway proposed and tested here uses peptide synthesis of an epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR)-binding Affibody molecules, uniquely conjugated to IRDye 800CW, developed and tested in academic and industrial laboratories with well-established records for GMP production, fill & finish, toxicity testing, and early phase clinical trials with image guidance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Brian W Pogue
- Thayer School of Engineering, Dartmouth College, Hanover NH 03755 USA ; Department of Surgery, Geisel School of Medicine at Dartmouth, Hanover NH 03755 USA
| | - Keith D Paulsen
- Thayer School of Engineering, Dartmouth College, Hanover NH 03755 USA ; Department of Surgery, Geisel School of Medicine at Dartmouth, Hanover NH 03755 USA
| | - Sally M Hull
- Thayer School of Engineering, Dartmouth College, Hanover NH 03755 USA
| | - Kimberly S Samkoe
- Thayer School of Engineering, Dartmouth College, Hanover NH 03755 USA ; Department of Surgery, Geisel School of Medicine at Dartmouth, Hanover NH 03755 USA
| | - Jason Gunn
- Thayer School of Engineering, Dartmouth College, Hanover NH 03755 USA
| | - Jack Hoopes
- Thayer School of Engineering, Dartmouth College, Hanover NH 03755 USA ; Department of Surgery, Geisel School of Medicine at Dartmouth, Hanover NH 03755 USA
| | - David W Roberts
- Thayer School of Engineering, Dartmouth College, Hanover NH 03755 USA ; Department of Surgery, Geisel School of Medicine at Dartmouth, Hanover NH 03755 USA
| | - Theresa V Strong
- Department of Medicine, Univ. of Alabama at Birmingham School of Medicine, Birmingham AL 35294 USA
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31
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Kawato T, Mizohata E, Shimizu Y, Meshizuka T, Yamamoto T, Takasu N, Matsuoka M, Matsumura H, Kodama T, Kanai M, Doi H, Inoue T, Sugiyama A. Structure-based design of a streptavidin mutant specific for an artificial biotin analogue. J Biochem 2015; 157:467-75. [PMID: 25645976 DOI: 10.1093/jb/mvv004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2014] [Accepted: 12/10/2014] [Indexed: 01/03/2023] Open
Abstract
For a multistep pre-targeting method using antibodies, a streptavidin mutant with low immunogenicity, termed low immunogenic streptavidin mutant No. 314 (LISA-314), was produced previously as a drug delivery tool. However, endogenous biotins (BTNs) with high affinity (Kd < 10(-10) M) for the binding pocket of LISA-314 prevents access of exogenous BTN-labelled anticancer drugs. In this study, we improve the binding pocket of LISA-314 to abolish its affinity for endogenous BTN species, therefore ensuring that the newly designed LISA-314 binds only artificial BTN analogue. The replacement of three amino acid residues was performed in two steps to develop a mutant termed V212, which selectively binds to 6-(5-((3aS,4S,6aR)-2-iminohexahydro-1H-thieno[3,4-d]imidazol-4-yl)pentanamido)hexanoic acid (iminobiotin long tail, IMNtail). Surface plasmon resonance results showed that V212 has a Kd value of 5.9 × 10(-7) M towards IMNtail, but no binding affinity for endogenous BTN species. This V212/IMNtail system will be useful as a novel delivery tool for anticancer therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tatsuya Kawato
- Division of Applied Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, Osaka University, 2-1 Yamadaoka, Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan; Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, The University of Tokyo, Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-0033, Japan; Research Center for Advanced Science and Technology, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo 153-8904, Japan; and Radioisotope Center, The University of Tokyo, 2-11-16 Yayoi, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-0032, Japan
| | - Eiichi Mizohata
- Division of Applied Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, Osaka University, 2-1 Yamadaoka, Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan; Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, The University of Tokyo, Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-0033, Japan; Research Center for Advanced Science and Technology, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo 153-8904, Japan; and Radioisotope Center, The University of Tokyo, 2-11-16 Yayoi, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-0032, Japan
| | - Yohei Shimizu
- Division of Applied Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, Osaka University, 2-1 Yamadaoka, Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan; Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, The University of Tokyo, Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-0033, Japan; Research Center for Advanced Science and Technology, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo 153-8904, Japan; and Radioisotope Center, The University of Tokyo, 2-11-16 Yayoi, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-0032, Japan
| | - Tomohiro Meshizuka
- Division of Applied Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, Osaka University, 2-1 Yamadaoka, Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan; Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, The University of Tokyo, Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-0033, Japan; Research Center for Advanced Science and Technology, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo 153-8904, Japan; and Radioisotope Center, The University of Tokyo, 2-11-16 Yayoi, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-0032, Japan
| | - Tomohiro Yamamoto
- Division of Applied Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, Osaka University, 2-1 Yamadaoka, Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan; Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, The University of Tokyo, Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-0033, Japan; Research Center for Advanced Science and Technology, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo 153-8904, Japan; and Radioisotope Center, The University of Tokyo, 2-11-16 Yayoi, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-0032, Japan
| | - Noriaki Takasu
- Division of Applied Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, Osaka University, 2-1 Yamadaoka, Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan; Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, The University of Tokyo, Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-0033, Japan; Research Center for Advanced Science and Technology, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo 153-8904, Japan; and Radioisotope Center, The University of Tokyo, 2-11-16 Yayoi, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-0032, Japan
| | - Masahiro Matsuoka
- Division of Applied Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, Osaka University, 2-1 Yamadaoka, Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan; Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, The University of Tokyo, Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-0033, Japan; Research Center for Advanced Science and Technology, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo 153-8904, Japan; and Radioisotope Center, The University of Tokyo, 2-11-16 Yayoi, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-0032, Japan
| | - Hiroyoshi Matsumura
- Division of Applied Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, Osaka University, 2-1 Yamadaoka, Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan; Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, The University of Tokyo, Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-0033, Japan; Research Center for Advanced Science and Technology, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo 153-8904, Japan; and Radioisotope Center, The University of Tokyo, 2-11-16 Yayoi, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-0032, Japan
| | - Tatsuhiko Kodama
- Division of Applied Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, Osaka University, 2-1 Yamadaoka, Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan; Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, The University of Tokyo, Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-0033, Japan; Research Center for Advanced Science and Technology, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo 153-8904, Japan; and Radioisotope Center, The University of Tokyo, 2-11-16 Yayoi, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-0032, Japan
| | - Motomu Kanai
- Division of Applied Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, Osaka University, 2-1 Yamadaoka, Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan; Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, The University of Tokyo, Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-0033, Japan; Research Center for Advanced Science and Technology, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo 153-8904, Japan; and Radioisotope Center, The University of Tokyo, 2-11-16 Yayoi, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-0032, Japan
| | - Hirofumi Doi
- Division of Applied Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, Osaka University, 2-1 Yamadaoka, Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan; Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, The University of Tokyo, Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-0033, Japan; Research Center for Advanced Science and Technology, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo 153-8904, Japan; and Radioisotope Center, The University of Tokyo, 2-11-16 Yayoi, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-0032, Japan
| | - Tsuyoshi Inoue
- Division of Applied Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, Osaka University, 2-1 Yamadaoka, Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan; Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, The University of Tokyo, Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-0033, Japan; Research Center for Advanced Science and Technology, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo 153-8904, Japan; and Radioisotope Center, The University of Tokyo, 2-11-16 Yayoi, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-0032, Japan
| | - Akira Sugiyama
- Division of Applied Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, Osaka University, 2-1 Yamadaoka, Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan; Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, The University of Tokyo, Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-0033, Japan; Research Center for Advanced Science and Technology, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo 153-8904, Japan; and Radioisotope Center, The University of Tokyo, 2-11-16 Yayoi, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-0032, Japan
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Bidlingmaier S, Su Y, Liu B. Combining Phage and Yeast Cell Surface Antibody Display to Identify Novel Cell Type-Selective Internalizing Human Monoclonal Antibodies. Methods Mol Biol 2015; 1319:51-63. [PMID: 26060069 DOI: 10.1007/978-1-4939-2748-7_3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Using phage antibody display, large libraries can be generated and screened to identify monoclonal antibodies with affinity for target antigens. However, while library size and diversity is an advantage of the phage display method, there is limited ability to quantitatively enrich for specific binding properties such as affinity. One way of overcoming this limitation is to combine the scale of phage display selections with the flexibility and quantitativeness of FACS-based yeast surface display selections. In this chapter we describe protocols for generating yeast surface antibody display libraries using phage antibody display selection outputs as starting material and FACS-based enrichment of target antigen-binding clones from these libraries. These methods should be widely applicable for the identification of monoclonal antibodies with specific binding properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Scott Bidlingmaier
- Department of Anesthesia, UCSF Helen Diller Family Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of California at San Francisco, 1001 Potrero Avenue, 1305, San Francisco, CA, 94110, USA
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Abstract
Ganglioside GD2 is a tumor-associated surface antigen found in a broad spectrum of human cancers and stem cells. They include pediatric embryonal tumors (neuroblastoma, retinoblastoma, brain tumors, osteosarcoma, Ewing sarcoma, rhabdomyosarcoma), as well as adult cancers (small cell lung cancer, melanoma, soft tissue sarcomas). Because of its restricted normal tissue distribution, GD2 has been proven safe for antibody targeting. Anti-GD2 antibody is now incorporated into the standard of care for the treatment of high-risk metastatic neuroblastoma. Building on this experience, novel combinations of antibodies, cytokines, cells, and genetically engineered products all directed at GD2 are rapidly moving into the clinic. In this review, past and present immunotherapy trials directed at GD2 will be summarized, highlighting the lessons learned and the future directions.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Nai-Kong V Cheung
- Department of Pediatrics, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY.
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34
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Advances in imaging probes and optical microendoscopic imaging techniques for early in vivo cancer assessment. Adv Drug Deliv Rev 2014; 74:53-74. [PMID: 24120351 DOI: 10.1016/j.addr.2013.09.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2013] [Revised: 09/18/2013] [Accepted: 09/27/2013] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
A new chapter in the history of medical diagnosis happened when the first X-ray technology was invented in the late 1800s. Since then, many non-invasive and minimally invasive imaging techniques have been invented for clinical diagnosis to research in cellular biology, drug discovery, and disease monitoring. These imaging modalities have leveraged the benefits of significant advances in computer, electronics, and information technology and, more recently, targeted molecular imaging. The development of targeted contrast agents such as fluorescent and nanoparticle probes coupled with optical imaging techniques has made it possible to selectively view specific biological events and processes in both in vivo and ex vivo systems with great sensitivity and selectivity. Thus, the combination of targeted molecular imaging probes and optical imaging techniques have become a mainstay in modern medicinal and biological research. Many promising results have demonstrated great potentials to translate to clinical applications. In this review, we describe a discussion of employing imaging probes and optical microendoscopic imaging techniques for cancer diagnosis.
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35
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Cheal SM, Xu H, Guo HF, Zanzonico PB, Larson SM, Cheung NK. Preclinical evaluation of multistep targeting of diasialoganglioside GD2 using an IgG-scFv bispecific antibody with high affinity for GD2 and DOTA metal complex. Mol Cancer Ther 2014; 13:1803-12. [PMID: 24944121 DOI: 10.1158/1535-7163.mct-13-0933] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Bispecific antibodies (BsAb) have proven to be useful targeting vectors for pretargeted radioimmunotherapy (PRIT). We sought to overcome key PRIT limitations such as high renal radiation exposure and immunogenicity (e.g., of streptavidin-antibody fusions), to advance clinical translation of this PRIT strategy for diasialoganglioside GD2-positive [GD2(+)] tumors. For this purpose, an IgG-scFv BsAb was engineered using the sequences for the anti-GD2 humanized monoclonal antibody hu3F8 and C825, a murine scFv antibody with high affinity for the chelator 1,4,7,10-tetraazacyclododecane-1,4,7,10-tetraacetic acid (DOTA) complexed with β-particle-emitting radiometals such as (177)Lu and (90)Y. A three-step regimen, including hu3F8-C825, a dextran-based clearing agent, and p-aminobenzyl-DOTA radiolabeled with (177)Lu (as (177)Lu-DOTA-Bn; t1/2 = 6.71 days), was optimized in immunocompromised mice carrying subcutaneous human GD2(+) neuroblastoma (NB) xenografts. Absorbed doses for tumor and normal tissues were approximately 85 cGy/MBq and ≤3.7 cGy/MBq, respectively, with therapeutic indices (TI) of 142 for blood and 23 for kidney. A therapy study (n = 5/group; tumor volume, 240 ± 160 mm(3)) with three successive PRIT cycles (total (177)Lu: ∼33 MBq; tumor dose ∼3,400 cGy), revealed complete tumor response in 5 of 5 animals, with no recurrence up to 28 days after treatment. Tumor ablation was confirmed histologically in 4 of 5 mice, and normal organs showed minimal overall toxicities. All nontreated mice required sacrifice within 12 days (>1.0-cm(3) tumor volume). We conclude that this novel anti-GD2 PRIT approach has sufficient TI to successfully ablate subcutaneous GD2(+)-NB in mice while sparing kidney and bone marrow.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Steven M Larson
- Molecular Pharmacology and Therapy Service; and Program in Molecular Pharmacology and Chemistry, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York
| | - Nai-Kong Cheung
- Pediatrics; Program in Molecular Pharmacology and Chemistry, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York
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Structure-guided engineering of Anticalins with improved binding behavior and biochemical characteristics for application in radio-immuno imaging and/or therapy. J Struct Biol 2014; 185:203-14. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jsb.2013.03.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2012] [Revised: 03/04/2013] [Accepted: 03/18/2013] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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37
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Ahmed M, Cheung NKV. Engineering anti-GD2 monoclonal antibodies for cancer immunotherapy. FEBS Lett 2013; 588:288-97. [PMID: 24295643 DOI: 10.1016/j.febslet.2013.11.030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 99] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2013] [Revised: 11/25/2013] [Accepted: 11/25/2013] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
Abstract
Ganglioside GD2 is highly expressed on neuroectoderm-derived tumors and sarcomas, including neuroblastoma, retinoblastoma, melanoma, small cell lung cancer, brain tumors, osteosarcoma, rhabdomyosarcoma, Ewing's sarcoma in children and adolescents, as well as liposarcoma, fibrosarcoma, leiomyosarcoma and other soft tissue sarcomas in adults. Since GD2 expression in normal tissues is restricted to the brain, which is inaccessible to circulating antibodies, and in selected peripheral nerves and melanocytes, it was deemed a suitable target for systemic tumor immunotherapy. Anti-GD2 antibodies have been actively tested in clinical trials for neuroblastoma for over the past two decades, with proven safety and efficacy. The main limitations have been acute pain toxicity associated with GD2 expression on peripheral nerve fibers and the inability of antibodies to treat bulky tumor. Several strategies have been developed to reduce pain toxicity, including bypassing complement activation, using blocking antibodies, or targeting of O-acetyl-GD2 derivative that is not expressed on peripheral nerves. To enhance anti-tumor efficacy, anti-GD2 monoclonal antibodies and fragments have been engineered into immunocytokines, immunotoxins, antibody drug conjugates, radiolabeled antibodies, targeted nanoparticles, T-cell engaging bispecific antibodies, and chimeric antigen receptors. The challenges of these approaches will be reviewed to build a perspective for next generation anti-GD2 therapeutics in cancer therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mahiuddin Ahmed
- Department of Pediatrics, Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center, 1275 York Avenue, New York, NY 10065, USA
| | - Nai-Kong V Cheung
- Department of Pediatrics, Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center, 1275 York Avenue, New York, NY 10065, USA.
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Identification and grafting of a unique peptide-binding site in the Fab framework of monoclonal antibodies. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2013; 110:17456-61. [PMID: 24101516 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.1307309110] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Capitalizing on their extraordinary specificity, monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) have become one of the most reengineered classes of biological molecules. A major goal in many of these engineering efforts is to add new functionality to the parental mAb, including the addition of cytotoxins and imaging agents for medical applications. Herein, we present a unique peptide-binding site within the central cavity of the fragment antigen binding framework region of the chimeric, anti-epidermal growth factor receptor mAb cetuximab. We demonstrate through diffraction methods, biophysical studies, and sequence analysis that this peptide, a meditope, has moderate affinity for the Fab, is specific to cetuximab (i.e., does not bind to human IgGs), and has no significant effect on antigen binding. We further demonstrate by diffraction studies and biophysical methods that the meditope binding site can be grafted onto the anti-human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 mAb trastuzumab, and that the antigen binding affinity of the grafted trastuzumab is indistinguishable from the parental mAb. Finally, we demonstrate a bivalent meditope variant binds specifically and stably to antigen-bearing cells only in the presence of the meditope-enabled mAbs. Collectively, this finding and the subsequent characterization and engineering efforts indicate that this unique interface could serve as a noncovalent "linker" for any meditope-enabled mAb with applications in multiple mAb-based technologies including diagnostics, imaging, and therapeutic delivery.
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Rossin R, van den Bosch SM, Ten Hoeve W, Carvelli M, Versteegen RM, Lub J, Robillard MS. Highly reactive trans-cyclooctene tags with improved stability for Diels-Alder chemistry in living systems. Bioconjug Chem 2013; 24:1210-7. [PMID: 23725393 DOI: 10.1021/bc400153y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 204] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
One of the challenges of pretargeted radioimmunotherapy, which centers on the capture of a radiolabeled probe by a preinjected tumor-bound antibody, is the potential immunogenicity of biological capturing systems. A bioorthogonal chemical approach may circumvent this drawback, but effective in vivo chemistry in mice, larger animals, and eventually humans, requires very high reagent reactivity, sufficient stability, and retained selectivity. We report here that the reactivity of the fastest bioorthogonal reaction, the inverse-electron-demand-Diels-Alder cycloaddition between a tetrazine probe and a trans-cyclooctene-tagged antibody, can be increased 10-fold (k2 = 2.7 × 10(5) M(-1) s(-1)) via the trans-cyclooctene, approaching the speed of biological interactions, while also increasing its stability. This was enabled by the finding that the trans-cyclooctene tag is probably deactivated through isomerization to the unreactive cis-cyclooctene isomer by interactions with copper-containing proteins, and that increasing the steric hindrance on the tag can impede this process. Next, we found that the higher reactivity of axial vs equatorial linked TCO can be augmented by the choice of linker. The new, stabilized, and more reactive tag allowed for improved tumor-to-nontumor ratios in pretargeted tumor-bearing mice.
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40
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Yazaki PJ, Lee B, Channappa D, Cheung CW, Crow D, Chea J, Poku E, Li L, Andersen JT, Sandlie I, Orcutt KD, Wittrup KD, Shively JE, Raubitschek A, Colcher D. A series of anti-CEA/anti-DOTA bispecific antibody formats evaluated for pre-targeting: comparison of tumor uptake and blood clearance. Protein Eng Des Sel 2012; 26:187-93. [PMID: 23175797 DOI: 10.1093/protein/gzs096] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
A series of anti-tumor/anti-chelate bispecific antibody formats were developed for pre-targeted radioimmunotherapy. Based on the anti-carcinoembryonic antigen humanized hT84.66-M5A monoclonal antibody and the anti-DOTA C8.2.5 scFv antibody fragment, this cognate series of bispecific antibodies were radioiodinated to determine their tumor targeting, biodistribution and pharmacokinetic properties in a mouse xenograft tumor model. The in vivo biodistribution studies showed that all the bispecific antibodies exhibited specific high tumor uptake but the tumor targeting was approximately one-half of the parental anti-CEA mAb due to faster blood clearance. Serum stability and FcRn studies showed no apparent reason for the faster blood clearance. A dual radiolabel biodistribution study revealed that the (111)In-DOTA bispecific antibody had increased liver and spleen uptake, not seen for the (125)I-version due to metabolism and release of the radioiodine from the cells. These data suggest increased clearance of the antibody fusion formats by the mononuclear phagocyte system. Importantly, a pre-targeted study showed specific tumor uptake of (177)Lu-DOTA and a tumor : blood ratio of 199 : 1. This pre-targeted radiotherapeutic and substantial reduction in the radioactive exposure to the bone marrow should enhance the therapeutic potential of RIT.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paul J Yazaki
- Department of Cancer Immunotherapeutics & Tumor Immunology, Beckman Research Institute, City of Hope, Duarte, CA 91010, USA.
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41
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Selection of antibodies from synthetic antibody libraries. Arch Biochem Biophys 2012; 526:87-98. [DOI: 10.1016/j.abb.2011.12.028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2011] [Revised: 12/27/2011] [Accepted: 12/30/2011] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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Orcutt KD, Rhoden JJ, Ruiz-Yi B, Frangioni JV, Wittrup KD. Effect of small-molecule-binding affinity on tumor uptake in vivo: a systematic study using a pretargeted bispecific antibody. Mol Cancer Ther 2012; 11:1365-72. [PMID: 22491799 DOI: 10.1158/1535-7163.mct-11-0764] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Small-molecule ligands specific for tumor-associated surface receptors have wide applications in cancer diagnosis and therapy. Achieving high-affinity binding to the desired target is important for improving detection limits and for increasing therapeutic efficacy. However, the affinity required for maximal binding and retention remains unknown. Here, we present a systematic study of the effect of small-molecule affinity on tumor uptake in vivo with affinities spanning a range of three orders of magnitude. A pretargeted bispecific antibody with different binding affinities to different DOTA (1,4,7,10-tetraazacyclododecane-1,4,7,10-tetraacetic acid)-based small molecules is used as a receptor proxy. In this particular system targeting carcinoembryonic antigen, a small-molecule-binding affinity of 400 pmol/L was sufficient to achieve maximal tumor targeting, and an improvement in affinity to 10 pmol/L showed no significant improvement in tumor uptake at 24 hours postinjection. We derive a simple mathematical model of tumor targeting using measurable parameters that correlates well with experimental observations. We use relations derived from the model to develop design criteria for the future development of small-molecule agents for targeted cancer therapeutics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kelly Davis Orcutt
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA
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Boder ET, Raeeszadeh-Sarmazdeh M, Price JV. Engineering antibodies by yeast display. Arch Biochem Biophys 2012; 526:99-106. [PMID: 22450168 DOI: 10.1016/j.abb.2012.03.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 93] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2011] [Revised: 03/09/2012] [Accepted: 03/10/2012] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Since its first application to antibody engineering 15 years ago, yeast display technology has been developed into a highly potent tool for both affinity maturing lead molecules and isolating novel antibodies and antibody-like species. Robust approaches to the creation of diversity, construction of yeast libraries, and library screening or selection have been elaborated, improving the quality of engineered molecules and certainty of success in an antibody engineering campaign and positioning yeast display as one of the premier antibody engineering technologies currently in use. Here, we summarize the history of antibody engineering by yeast surface display, approaches used in its application, and a number of examples highlighting the utility of this method for antibody engineering.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eric T Boder
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, TN 37996-2200, USA.
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Abstract
The critical need for renewable, high-quality affinity reagents in biological research, as well as for diagnostic and therapeutic applications, has required the development of new platforms of discovery. Yeast display is one of the main methods of in vitro display technology with phage display. Yeast display has been chosen by numerous groups to refine both affinity and specificity of antibodies because it enables fine discrimination between mutant clones of similar affinity. In addition, the construction of display libraries of antibody fragments in yeast permit to sample the immune antibody repertoire more fully than using phage. This chapter gives an updated overview of the available systems of yeast display platforms and libraries, followed up by technical descriptions of selection methods of antibody fragments by yeast display.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nathalie Scholler
- Center for Research on Reproduction and Women's Health, Penn Ovarian Cancer Research Center, University of Pennsylvania School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, USA,
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Stephan MT, Irvine DJ. Enhancing Cell therapies from the Outside In: Cell Surface Engineering Using Synthetic Nanomaterials. NANO TODAY 2011; 6:309-325. [PMID: 21826117 PMCID: PMC3148657 DOI: 10.1016/j.nantod.2011.04.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 178] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/14/2023]
Abstract
Therapeutic treatments based on the injection of living cells are in clinical use and preclinical development for diseases ranging from cancer to cardiovascular disease to diabetes. To enhance the function of therapeutic cells, a variety of chemical and materials science strategies are being developed that engineer the surface of therapeutic cells with new molecules, artificial receptors, and multifunctional nanomaterials, synthetically endowing donor cells with new properties and functions. These approaches offer a powerful complement to traditional genetic engineering strategies for enhancing the function of living cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matthias T. Stephan
- Department of Material Science and Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT), Cambridge, Massachusetts, USA
- Koch Institute for Integrative Cancer Research, MIT, Cambridge, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Darrell J. Irvine
- Department of Material Science and Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT), Cambridge, Massachusetts, USA
- Koch Institute for Integrative Cancer Research, MIT, Cambridge, Massachusetts, USA
- Department of Biological Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts, USA
- Ragon Institute of Massachusetts General Hospital, MIT and Harvard University, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
- Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Chevy Chase, Maryland, USA
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