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Thirunavukkarasu A, Alanazi B, Alfaleh A, Alsulami HH, Albudayr SA, Alotaibi AS, Alenezi RM, Alruwaili AG, Alibrahim NO. Evaluation of dietary patterns and their impact on eye health among Saudi adults-A multi-regional cross-sectional analysis in Makkah, Riyadh, and Qassim. Front Nutr 2024; 11:1383725. [PMID: 38957871 PMCID: PMC11217315 DOI: 10.3389/fnut.2024.1383725] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2024] [Accepted: 05/27/2024] [Indexed: 07/04/2024] Open
Abstract
Background and aim Nutrition plays a vital role in maintaining and improving vision health. However, little is known about dietary intake habits and their correlation with vision health among adults in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia (KSA). The present survey was aimed to assess dietary patterns and vision health among Saudi adults and to determine the association between dietary patterns and vision health. Methods The present analytical study was carried out among 1,234 Saudi adults in the Makkah, Riyadh, and Qassim regions of KSA. We used the Arabic version of the National Eye Institute Visual Functioning Questionnaire-25 (NEI VFQ-25) and the diet quality screener (DQS). We applied Mann-Whitney U and Kruskal-Wallis tests to determine the association between vision function score and demographic characteristics. Furthermore, the Spearman correlation test was used to determine the relationship between the DQS and the NEI VFQ-25. Results Of the studied population, the highest score obtained through the NEI VFQ-25 was in the social function domain (mean ± SD = 76.64 ± 18.63), followed by the general vision domain (mean ± SD = 75.21 ± 15.16) and was negatively correlated with age. Regarding dietary patterns, the intake of lean protein sources per week was the highest, with a mean intake of 4.17 days per week, followed by that of whole grains and milk or dairy products, with a mean intake of around four days per week. There was a significant correlation between various dietary intakes and visual function scores. Conclusion The present survey underscores the significance of understanding regional dietary patterns and their implications for vision health. Furthermore, our study's findings indicate a need for targeted nutritional intervention measures to improve the vision health of this population.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Bader Alanazi
- Department of Ophthalmology, College of Medicine, Jouf University, Sakaka, Saudi Arabia
| | - Abdulrahman Alfaleh
- Department of Ophthalmology, College of Medicine, Jouf University, Sakaka, Saudi Arabia
| | - Hani Hathath Alsulami
- Department of Family and Community Medicine, College of Medicine, Jouf University, Sakaka, Saudi Arabia
| | | | - Abdulrahman Saad Alotaibi
- Department of Family and Community Medicine, College of Medicine, Jouf University, Sakaka, Saudi Arabia
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Damigou E, Kosti RI, Anastasiou C, Chrysohoou C, Barkas F, Adamidis PS, Kravvariti E, Pitsavos C, Tsioufis C, Liberopoulos E, Sfikakis PP, Panagiotakos D. Associations between meat type consumption pattern and incident cardiovascular disease: The ATTICA epidemiological cohort study (2002-2022). Meat Sci 2023; 205:109294. [PMID: 37544259 DOI: 10.1016/j.meatsci.2023.109294] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2023] [Revised: 06/27/2023] [Accepted: 07/31/2023] [Indexed: 08/08/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Meat consumption has shown from detrimental to beneficial effects against cardiovascular disease (CVD) incidence, mainly depending on the type of meat studied (i.e., red/white, processed/unprocessed) and quantity consumed. OBJECTIVE To examine the associations between meat type consumption patterns and incident CVD among apparently healthy adults. DESIGN ATTICA study was conducted in the greater metropolitan Athens area, Greece, during 2001-2002 studying adults free-of-CVD at baseline. Twenty-year follow-up was performed in n = 1988 participants (n = 718 incident cases). Meat consumption during the follow-up period was categorized as: never/rare meat consumption (i.e., <1 time/week), mostly red meat (i.e., compared to other types of meat or processed meat), mostly white meat, and mostly processed meat products (e.g., bacon, sausage). RESULTS Approximately 38% of the participants reported rare or no consumption of any type of meat, 31% consumed mostly red meat, 19% mostly white meat and the remainder 12% mostly processed meat. In multivariate analysis, compared to never/rarely consuming any type of meat, consuming mostly processed meat [HR: 2.89, 95%CI: 1.05, 7.89], but not red meat [HR: 1.22, 95%CI: 0.81, 1.82], was positively associated with incident CVD during 20 years of follow-up, while consuming mostly white meat was inversely associated with incident CVD [HR: 0.35, 95%CI: 0.17, 0.71]. CONCLUSIONS The findings of this study suggest that the type of meat, irrespective of the frequency of consumption, plays a role in the risk of developing CVD. In clinical practice, emphasis should be placed on avoiding processed meat and replacing it with white unprocessed meat.
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Affiliation(s)
- Evangelia Damigou
- Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, School of Health Sciences and Education, Harokopio University, Athens 17676, Greece
| | - Rena I Kosti
- Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, School of Physical Education, Sports and Dietetics, University of Thessaly, Trikala 38221, Greece
| | - Costas Anastasiou
- Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, School of Health Sciences and Education, Harokopio University, Athens 17676, Greece
| | - Christina Chrysohoou
- First Cardiology Clinic, Medical School, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Hippokration Hospital, Athens 15772, Greece
| | - Fotios Barkas
- First Department of Propaedeutic Internal Medicine, Medical School, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Laiko General Hospital, Athens 15772, Greece
| | - Petros S Adamidis
- First Department of Propaedeutic Internal Medicine, Medical School, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Laiko General Hospital, Athens 15772, Greece
| | - Evrydiki Kravvariti
- First Department of Propaedeutic Internal Medicine, Medical School, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Laiko General Hospital, Athens 15772, Greece
| | - Christos Pitsavos
- First Cardiology Clinic, Medical School, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Hippokration Hospital, Athens 15772, Greece
| | - Costas Tsioufis
- First Cardiology Clinic, Medical School, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Hippokration Hospital, Athens 15772, Greece
| | - Evangelos Liberopoulos
- First Department of Propaedeutic Internal Medicine, Medical School, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Laiko General Hospital, Athens 15772, Greece
| | - Petros P Sfikakis
- First Department of Propaedeutic Internal Medicine, Medical School, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Laiko General Hospital, Athens 15772, Greece
| | - Demosthenes Panagiotakos
- Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, School of Health Sciences and Education, Harokopio University, Athens 17676, Greece.
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Association Between Caliber of Retinal Vessels and Cardiovascular Disease: a Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. Curr Atheroscler Rep 2020; 22:16. [PMID: 32440852 DOI: 10.1007/s11883-020-0834-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
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Hirahatake KM, Bruno RS, Bolling BW, Blesso C, Alexander LM, Adams SH. Dairy Foods and Dairy Fats: New Perspectives on Pathways Implicated in Cardiometabolic Health. Adv Nutr 2020; 11:266-279. [PMID: 31555799 PMCID: PMC7442361 DOI: 10.1093/advances/nmz105] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2019] [Revised: 08/19/2019] [Accepted: 09/03/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Low-fat and nonfat dairy products have been promoted as part of a healthy dietary pattern by both US dietary guidelines and professional organizations for several decades. The basis for this recommendation stems in part from the putative negative cardiometabolic effects associated with saturated fat consumption. However, as nutrition research has shifted from a single nutrient to a whole-food/dietary pattern approach, the role of dairy foods and dairy fat in the diet-disease relationship is being reexamined. Most observational and experimental evidence does not support a detrimental relationship between full-fat dairy intake and cardiometabolic health, including risks of cardiovascular disease and type 2 diabetes. Indeed, an expanded understanding of the dairy food matrix and the bioactive properties of dairy fats and other constituents suggests a neutral or potentially beneficial role in cardiometabolic health. To consider how consuming dairy foods, including full-fat dairy, is associated with cardiometabolic health, this review provides an innovative perspective on mechanisms that link dairy consumption to 3 main biological systems at the core of metabolic health, the gastrointestinal, hepatic, and vascular systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kristin M Hirahatake
- Department of Epidemiology, College of Health Sciences, University of California, Irvine, CA, USA
| | - Richard S Bruno
- Human Nutrition Program, Department of Human Sciences, College of Education and Human Ecology, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - Bradley W Bolling
- Department of Food Science, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, USA
| | - Christopher Blesso
- Department of Nutritional Sciences, College of Agriculture, Health and Natural Resources, University of Connecticut, Storrs, CT, USA
| | - Lacy M Alexander
- Department of Kinesiology, College of Health and Human Development, The Pennsylvania State University, State College, PA, USA
| | - Sean H Adams
- Arkansas Children's Nutrition Center, Little Rock, AR, USA,Department of Pediatrics, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, AR, USA,Address correspondence to SHA (e-mail: )
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Neville CE, Montgomery S, Silvestri G, McGowan A, Moore E, Silvestri V, Cardwell C, McEvoy CT, Maxwell AP, Woodside JV, McKay GJ. Dietary Patterns and Retinal Vessel Caliber in the Irish Nun Eye Study. J Nutr Health Aging 2018; 22:751-758. [PMID: 30080215 PMCID: PMC6061240 DOI: 10.1007/s12603-017-0992-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2017] [Accepted: 10/16/2017] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Retinal vessel abnormalities are associated with cardiovascular disease risk. Widening of retinal venules is associated with increased risk of stroke while narrowing of retinal arterioles independently predicts incident hypertension, coronary heart disease and diabetes. Dietary factors are known to play an important role in cardiovascular health. However, few studies have examined the association between dietary patterns (DPs) and retinal microvascular health. OBJECTIVE To examine the association between 'a posteriori'-derived DPs and retinal vascular caliber (RVC) in older women with a restricted lifestyle. METHODS This was a cross-sectional study of 1233 participants (mean age: 76.3 years) from the Irish Nun Eye Study (INES). Computer-assisted software was used to measure RVC from digital eye images using standardized protocols. Dietary intake was assessed using a food frequency questionnaire (FFQ). DP analysis was performed using principal component analysis from completed FFQs. Regression models were used to assess associations between DPs and retinal vessel diameters, adjusting for age, body mass index, refraction, hypertension, diabetes mellitus, ischemic heart disease, cerebrovascular accident and fellow eye RVC. RESULTS Two DPs were identified: a 'healthy' pattern with high factor loadings for fruit, vegetables, wholegrains and oily fish and an 'unhealthy' pattern with high factor loadings for sugar and sweets, chips, high fat dairy products and French fries. Adjusted linear regression analysis revealed that those who adhered most closely to the unhealthy DP had wider central retinal venular equivalent (CRVE) (p=0.03) and narrower central retinal arteriolar equivalent (CRAE) (p=0.01) compared to the least unhealthy DP. No independent relationship was observed between the healthy DP and RVC. CONCLUSION In this cohort of older women with a restricted lifestyle, an unhealthy DP was independently associated with an unfavorable retinal profile, namely a widening of retinal venules and narrowing of retinal arterioles.
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Affiliation(s)
- C E Neville
- Charlotte E. Neville, Centre for Public Health, School of Medicine, Dentistry and Biomedical Sciences, Queen's University Belfast, Belfast, United Kingdom,
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Karatzi K, Aissopou EK, Tsirimiagou C, Fatmeli E, Sfikakis PP, Protogerou AD. Reply from the authors to "Comments on 'Association of consumption of dairy products and meat with retinal vessel calibers in subjects at increased cardiovascular risk'". Nutr Metab Cardiovasc Dis 2017; 27:89-90. [PMID: 27484753 DOI: 10.1016/j.numecd.2016.06.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2016] [Accepted: 06/06/2016] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- K Karatzi
- Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, Harokopio University of Athens, Greece; Hellenic Foundation for Cardiovascular Health and Nutrition, 303 Kifisias av., 14561, Kifisia, Athens, Greece.
| | - E K Aissopou
- Hellenic Foundation for Cardiovascular Health and Nutrition, 303 Kifisias av., 14561, Kifisia, Athens, Greece; Cardiovascular Unit, 1st Department of Propaedeutic Medicine, Medical School, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Greece
| | - C Tsirimiagou
- Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, Harokopio University of Athens, Greece
| | - E Fatmeli
- Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, Harokopio University of Athens, Greece
| | - P P Sfikakis
- Cardiovascular Unit, 1st Department of Propaedeutic Medicine, Medical School, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Greece
| | - A D Protogerou
- Hellenic Foundation for Cardiovascular Health and Nutrition, 303 Kifisias av., 14561, Kifisia, Athens, Greece; Cardiovascular Unit, 1st Department of Propaedeutic Medicine, Medical School, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Greece
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Kawada T. Comments on "Association of consumption of dairy products and meat with retinal vessel calibers in subjects at increased cardiovascular risk". Nutr Metab Cardiovasc Dis 2017; 27:88-89. [PMID: 27511706 DOI: 10.1016/j.numecd.2016.06.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2016] [Accepted: 06/06/2016] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- T Kawada
- Department of Hygiene and Public Health, Nippon Medical School, Tokyo, Japan.
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Clifton P, Turner K, Keogh J. Dairy foods and the risk of type 2 diabetes. Curr Opin Lipidol 2016; 27:539-40. [PMID: 27579549 DOI: 10.1097/mol.0000000000000342] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Peter Clifton
- School of Pharmacy and Medical Sciences, University of South Australia, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia
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