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Avancini A, Baldassari I, Gargano G, Lu M, Jing H, Zhao H, Zhang J, Sieri S, Mussa FR, Krogh V, Apolone G, Pala V. Protocol for the CHINT study: a cross-sectional observational study of risk factors for cancer and other non-communicable diseases in the Chinese community of Milan. BMJ Open 2024; 14:e073512. [PMID: 38233062 PMCID: PMC10806820 DOI: 10.1136/bmjopen-2023-073512] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2023] [Accepted: 01/07/2024] [Indexed: 01/19/2024] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION The Chinese community in Italy is the largest in Europe. The area of Milan hosts the largest Chinese Italian community-about 41 000 people. Since little is known of the health practices of Chinese persons in Italy, we designed the CHINT study (survey of risk factors for cancer and other non-communicable diseases (NCDs) in the Chinese community of Milan) to investigate lifestyle-related risk factors for these diseases in this community. We expect the study to reveal potentially unhealthy lifestyle behaviours that may be addressed in future prevention programmes. METHODS AND ANALYSIS The CHINT study is a cross-sectional study on a sample of around 600 adults recruited from the Chinese community of Milan and surrounding areas. The non-random sample is clustered by age, sex, occupation and socioeconomic characteristics and is being recruited with the active cooperation of stakeholders within the Chinese community. The study employs face-to-face meetings, text messaging and WeChat. At the first recruitment meeting, participants' physical measurements are taken and a lifestyle questionnaire is administered which enquires about physical activity, the consumption of salt, fruit and vegetables, tobacco and alcohol, and the presence of other risk factors for NCDs. A food frequency questionnaire is in preparation. By analysis of physical data and the results of the two questionnaires, the prevalence and distribution of NCD risk factors, and characteristics associated with these factors, will be identified. Factors associated with recruitment and compliance/retention will be investigated to identify predictors of willingness to participate future intervention studies. ETHICS AND DISSEMINATION The study has been approved by the ethics committee of the Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori di Milano, Italy. All participants are required to provide written informed consent. Findings will be disseminated through peer-reviewed scientific publications, conferences and public meetings involving the Chinese community and the lay public.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alice Avancini
- Department of Oncology, University of Verona, Verona, Veneto, Italy
| | - Ivan Baldassari
- Department of Epidemiology and Data Science, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori, Milano, Italy
| | - Giuliana Gargano
- Department of Epidemiology and Data Science, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori, Milano, Italy
| | - Ming Lu
- Clinical Epidemiology Unit, Shandong University Qilu Hospital, Jinan, China
| | - Hao Jing
- China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Hongwei Zhao
- Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas, USA
| | - Ji Zhang
- Karolinska Institute, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Sabina Sieri
- Department of Epidemiology and Data Science, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori, Milano, Italy
| | - Francesca Romana Mussa
- Department of Epidemiology and Data Science, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori, Milano, Italy
- Department of Statistics and Quantitative Methods, University of Milan-Bicocca, Milano, Lombardia, Italy
| | - Vittorio Krogh
- Department of Epidemiology and Data Science, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori, Milano, Italy
| | - Giovanni Apolone
- General Directorate for Scientific Research, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori, Milano, Lombardia, Italy
| | - Valeria Pala
- Department of Epidemiology and Data Science, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori, Milano, Italy
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Ma Y, Zheng Z, Zhuang L, Wang H, Li A, Chen L, Liu L. Dietary Macronutrient Intake and Cardiovascular Disease Risk and Mortality: A Systematic Review and Dose-Response Meta-Analysis of Prospective Cohort Studies. Nutrients 2024; 16:152. [PMID: 38201983 PMCID: PMC10780780 DOI: 10.3390/nu16010152] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2023] [Revised: 12/19/2023] [Accepted: 12/25/2023] [Indexed: 01/12/2024] Open
Abstract
Many epidemiological studies have evaluated the intake of macronutrients and the risk of mortality and cardiovascular disease (CVD). However, current evidence is conflicting and warrants further investigation. Therefore, we carried out an umbrella review to examine and quantify the potential dose-response association of dietary macronutrient intake with CVD morbidity and mortality. Prospective cohort studies from PubMed, Embase, and CENTRAL were reviewed, which reported associations of macronutrients (protein, fat, and carbohydrate) with all-cause, CVD, cancer mortality, or CVD events. Multivariable relative risks (RR) were pooled, and heterogeneity was assessed. The results of 124 prospective cohort studies were included in the systematic review and 101 in the meta-analysis. During the follow-up period from 2.2 to 30 years, 506,086 deaths and 79,585 CVD events occurred among 5,107,821 participants. High total protein intake was associated with low CVD morbidity (RR 0.88, 95% confidence interval 0.82-0.94), while high total carbohydrate intake was associated with high CVD morbidity (1.08, 1.02-1.13). For fats, a high intake of total fat was associated with a decreased all-cause mortality risk (0.92, 0.85-0.99). Saturated fatty acid intake was only associated with cancer mortality (1.10, 1.06-1.14); Both monounsaturated fatty acid (MUFA) and polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA) intake was associated with all-cause mortality (MUFA: 0.92, 0.86-0.98; PUFA: 0.91, 0.86-0.96). This meta-analysis supports that protein intake is associated with a decreased risk of CVD morbidity, while carbohydrate intake is associated with an increased risk of CVD morbidity. High total fat intake is associated with a low risk of all-cause mortality, and this effect was different in an analysis stratified by the type of fat.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yibin Ma
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, Hubei Key Laboratory of Food Nutrition and Safety, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, China; (Y.M.); (Z.Z.); (L.C.)
- Ministry of Education Key Lab of Environment and Health, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, China; (L.Z.); (H.W.); (A.L.)
| | - Zekun Zheng
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, Hubei Key Laboratory of Food Nutrition and Safety, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, China; (Y.M.); (Z.Z.); (L.C.)
- Ministry of Education Key Lab of Environment and Health, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, China; (L.Z.); (H.W.); (A.L.)
| | - Litao Zhuang
- Ministry of Education Key Lab of Environment and Health, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, China; (L.Z.); (H.W.); (A.L.)
| | - Huiting Wang
- Ministry of Education Key Lab of Environment and Health, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, China; (L.Z.); (H.W.); (A.L.)
| | - Anni Li
- Ministry of Education Key Lab of Environment and Health, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, China; (L.Z.); (H.W.); (A.L.)
| | - Liangkai Chen
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, Hubei Key Laboratory of Food Nutrition and Safety, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, China; (Y.M.); (Z.Z.); (L.C.)
- Ministry of Education Key Lab of Environment and Health, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, China; (L.Z.); (H.W.); (A.L.)
| | - Liegang Liu
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, Hubei Key Laboratory of Food Nutrition and Safety, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, China; (Y.M.); (Z.Z.); (L.C.)
- Ministry of Education Key Lab of Environment and Health, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, China; (L.Z.); (H.W.); (A.L.)
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Wang Y, Fan H, Ren Z, Liu X, Niu X. Sleep disorder, Mediterranean diet, and all-cause and cause-specific mortality: a prospective cohort study. BMC Public Health 2023; 23:904. [PMID: 37202744 DOI: 10.1186/s12889-023-15870-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2023] [Accepted: 05/10/2023] [Indexed: 05/20/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND There is a bidirectional effect between sleep disorders and Mediterranean diet (MED), but the joint effect of MED and sleep disorders on mortality is unclear. The aim of this study was to investigate whether there is a synergistic effect of adherence to MED and sleep disorders on all-cause and cause-specific mortality. METHODS The study included 23,212 individuals in the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) from 2005 to 2014. A 9-point evaluation score, alternative Mediterranean diet (aMED) index was used to assess adherence to MED. Sleep disorder and hours of sleep were assessed by structured questionnaires. Cox regression models were used to assess the relationship between sleep disorders, aMED and all-cause mortality, cause-specific mortality (cardiovascular-related death, cancer-related death). The interaction effect of sleep disorders with aMED on mortality was further assessed. RESULTS Results showed that participants with lower aMED and presence of sleep disorders had significantly higher risk of all-cause mortality and cardiovascular-related mortality (HR, 2.16, 95% CI, 1.49-3.13, P < 0.0001; HR, 2.68, 95% CI, 1.58-4.54, P = 0.0003). A significant interaction effect was found between aMED and sleep disorders on cardiovascular mortality (p for interaction = 0.033). No significant interaction existed between aMED and sleep disorders on all-cause mortality (p for interaction = 0.184) and cancer-related mortality (p for interaction = 0.955). CONCLUSIONS Poorer adherence to MED and sleep disorders synergistically increased long-term all-cause mortality and cardiovascular mortality in NHANES population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yongle Wang
- Department of Neurology, First Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, No. 85, Jiefangnan Street, Yingze District, Taiyuan City, 030001, Shanxi Province, China
- Clinical college, Shanxi Medical University, No. 58, Xinjiannan Street, Yingze District, Taiyuan City, Shanxi Province, China
| | - Hongxuan Fan
- Clinical college, Shanxi Medical University, No. 58, Xinjiannan Street, Yingze District, Taiyuan City, Shanxi Province, China
- Department of Cardiology, Second Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan City, Shanxi Province, China
| | - Zhaoyu Ren
- Clinical college, Shanxi Medical University, No. 58, Xinjiannan Street, Yingze District, Taiyuan City, Shanxi Province, China
- Department of Cardiology, Second Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan City, Shanxi Province, China
| | - Xuchang Liu
- Clinical college, Shanxi Medical University, No. 58, Xinjiannan Street, Yingze District, Taiyuan City, Shanxi Province, China
| | - Xiaoyuan Niu
- Department of Neurology, First Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, No. 85, Jiefangnan Street, Yingze District, Taiyuan City, 030001, Shanxi Province, China.
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Mattavelli E, Olmastroni E, Casula M, Grigore L, Pellegatta F, Baragetti A, Magni P, Catapano AL. Adherence to Mediterranean Diet: A Population-Based Longitudinal Cohort Study. Nutrients 2023; 15:nu15081844. [PMID: 37111063 PMCID: PMC10145158 DOI: 10.3390/nu15081844] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2023] [Revised: 04/05/2023] [Accepted: 04/08/2023] [Indexed: 04/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Adherence to the Mediterranean diet (MedDiet) is recommended for cardiovascular disease prevention. However, recent epidemiological studies report a shift toward lower adherence to MedDiet. We have conducted a prospective cohort study to evaluate changes in individual determinants of MedDiet adherence over time. Clinical information and MedDiet adherence score (MEDAS) were collected in 711 subjects (mean age 68 ± 10 years; 42% males), enrolled in the PLIC study (Progression of Intimal Atherosclerotic Lesions in Carotid arteries), during two visits conducted, on average, 4.5 years apart. MEDAS score worsening and improvements (absolute change, ΔMEDAS) and the variation in the proportion of subjects reporting to meet each MEDAS criteria were assessed. Overall, 34% of the subjects improved their MedDiet adherence (ΔMEDAS: +1.87 ± 1.13), by consuming more olive oil, legumes and fish and use of dishes seasoned with sofrito and 48% subjects worsened their MedDiet adherence (ΔMEDAS: -2.02 ± 1.14) by consuming less fruit, legumes, fish and nuts, with higher rates of worsening in women and subjects aged 50-65 years. Subjects who improved the score were more obese, had higher plasma glucose levels, and metabolic syndrome at the basal visit. In summary, we report an overall decrease in MedDiet adherence, evaluated during a timeframe heavily affected by the COVID-19 pandemic, underlining the need for better dietary interventions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elisa Mattavelli
- Department of Pharmacological and Biomolecular Sciences, Università degli Studi di Milano, 20133 Milan, Italy
- MultiMedica IRCCS, Sesto S. Giovanni, 20099 Milan, Italy
| | - Elena Olmastroni
- MultiMedica IRCCS, Sesto S. Giovanni, 20099 Milan, Italy
- Epidemiology and Preventive Pharmacology Service (SEFAP), Department of Pharmacological and Biomolecular Sciences, Università degli Studi di Milano, 20133 Milan, Italy
| | - Manuela Casula
- MultiMedica IRCCS, Sesto S. Giovanni, 20099 Milan, Italy
- Epidemiology and Preventive Pharmacology Service (SEFAP), Department of Pharmacological and Biomolecular Sciences, Università degli Studi di Milano, 20133 Milan, Italy
| | | | | | - Andrea Baragetti
- Department of Pharmacological and Biomolecular Sciences, Università degli Studi di Milano, 20133 Milan, Italy
- MultiMedica IRCCS, Sesto S. Giovanni, 20099 Milan, Italy
| | - Paolo Magni
- Department of Pharmacological and Biomolecular Sciences, Università degli Studi di Milano, 20133 Milan, Italy
- MultiMedica IRCCS, Sesto S. Giovanni, 20099 Milan, Italy
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Predictors of total mortality and their differential association on premature or late mortality in the SUN cohort. Exp Gerontol 2023; 172:112048. [PMID: 36521566 DOI: 10.1016/j.exger.2022.112048] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2022] [Revised: 12/02/2022] [Accepted: 12/06/2022] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Several studies have tried to analyse the association between all-cause mortality and different risk factors, (especially those which are modifiable, such as smoking, diet or exercise), to develop public health preventive strategies. However, a specific analysis of predictors of premature and late mortality is needed to give more precise recommendations. Considering that there are risk factors which exert an influence on some diseases and not on others, we expect that, similarly, they may have a different impact depending on the timing of mortality, separating premature (≤65 years) from late mortality (>65 years). Thus, we prospectively followed-up during a median of 12 years a cohort of 20,272 university graduates comprising an ample range of ages at inception. Time-dependent, covariate-adjusted Cox models were used to estimate adjusted hazard ratios (HR) and their 95 % confidence intervals (CI) for each predictor. The strongest independent predictor of mortality at any age was physical activity which was associated with reduced risk of total, premature and late mortality (range of HRs when comparing the highest vs. the lowest level: 0.24 to 0.48). Specific strong predictors for premature mortality were smoking, HR: 4.22 (95 % CI: 2.42-7.38), and the concurrence of ≥2 metabolic conditions at baseline, HR: 1.97 (1.10-3.51). The habit of sleeping a long nap (≥30 min/d), with HR: 2.53 (1.30-4.91), and poor adherence to the Mediterranean Diet (≤3 points in a 0 to 8 score vs. ≥6 points), with HR: 2.27 (1.08-4.76), were the strongest specific predictors for late mortality. Smoking, diet quality or lifestyles, probably should be differentially assessed as specific predictors for early and late mortality. In the era of precision medicine, this approach will allow tailored recommendations appropriate to each person's age and baseline condition.
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Bruna-García E, Isabel Redondo B, Miguel Castro M. New Method for Obtaining a Bioactive Essence Extracted from Iberian Ham Fat Rich in MUFA and Antioxidants. Molecules 2022; 27:molecules27020428. [PMID: 35056742 PMCID: PMC8781370 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27020428] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2021] [Revised: 12/29/2021] [Accepted: 01/07/2022] [Indexed: 12/04/2022] Open
Abstract
Iberian ham is one of the most representative Spanish products and presents an excellent nutritional and sensory quality. Iberian ham trimming fat is considered a by-product and to give a new use to this remaining part could represent a healthy and innovative option for obtaining sustainable foods. The purpose of this work was to obtain a new bioactive ingredient from Iberian ham trimming fat with the highest amount of antioxidants and monounsaturated fatty acids (MUFA), using a new non-invasive solvent-free method. To obtain the essence, two different extraction procedures were carried out. After fatty acid characterization, degree of acidity, peroxide index and a basic sensory analysis were performed. Antioxidant in vitro activity and total phenolic compounds (TPC) were also determined. This new ingredient showed a better sensory profile than raw ham fat, a lower degree of acidity, a higher content of MUFAs, and also showed a higher antioxidant capacity and an increase in phenolic compounds compared to the raw material. This bioactive essence could be used as a food, a cosmetic or a nutraceutical ingredient to prevent certain diseases related to oxidative stress and could also contribute to the maintenance of the circular economy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eva Bruna-García
- Department of Bioactivity and Food Analysis, Institute of Food Science Research (CIAL, CSIC-UAM), 28049 Madrid, Spain;
- Research and Development Department, Cárnicas Joselito S.A., 37156 Guijuelo, Spain
| | - Beatriz Isabel Redondo
- Animal Production Department, Faculty of Veterinary, Complutense University of Madrid, 28040 Madrid, Spain;
| | - Marta Miguel Castro
- Department of Bioactivity and Food Analysis, Institute of Food Science Research (CIAL, CSIC-UAM), 28049 Madrid, Spain;
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +34-910-017-931
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Lotfi K, Salari-Moghaddam A, Yousefinia M, Larijani B, Esmaillzadeh A. Dietary intakes of monounsaturated fatty acids and risk of mortality from all causes, cardiovascular disease and cancer: A systematic review and dose-response meta-analysis of prospective cohort studies. Ageing Res Rev 2021; 72:101467. [PMID: 34560281 DOI: 10.1016/j.arr.2021.101467] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2021] [Revised: 08/08/2021] [Accepted: 09/17/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Findings on the link between dietary intakes of monounsaturated fatty acids (MUFA) and risk of mortality are conflicting. This study aimed to summarize existing literature regarding the association between MUFA intake and risk of mortality from all causes, cardiovascular diseases (CVDs), and cancer. METHODS PubMed, Scopus, and ISI Web of Science was systematically searched up to December 2020. Prospective cohort studies which investigated MUFA intake in relation to mortality from all causes, CVD, or cancer were eligible for this systematic review. Publications that had reported risk ratios (RRs) or hazard ratios (HRs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) as effect size, were considered. RESULTS A total of 17 prospective cohort studies were included. These studies included 1022,321 participants aged ≥ 20 years in total, and 191,283 all-cause deaths, 55,437 CVD deaths, and 64,448 cancer deaths were totally reported. Combining 15 effect sizes from 11 studies, MUFA intake was inversely associated with risk of all-cause mortality (RR: 0.94; 95% CI: 0.90, 0.98; I2 =55.5; P = 0.005). Based on 17 effect sizes from 11 studies, we found no significant association between MUFA intake and risk of CVD mortality (RR: 0.95; 95% CI: 0.89, 1.01; I2 =37.0; P = 0.06). Combining 10 effect sizes from 6 studies, MUFA intake was not significantly associated with cancer mortality (RR: 0.99; 95% CI: 0.96, 1.03, I2 =13.3%, P = 0.32). Also, an additional 5% of energy from MUFA was associated with a 3% reduced risk of all-cause mortality (RR: 0.97; 95%CI: 0.96, 0.98), but not with CVD (RR: 0.98; 95%CI: 0.95, 1.01) and cancer mortality (RR: 0.99; 95%CI: 0.97, 1.01). CONCLUSIONS MUFA intake was found to be inversely associated with risk of all-cause mortality. However, no link was found between MUFA consumption and mortality from CVD or cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Keyhan Lotfi
- Department of Community Nutrition, School of Nutritional Sciences and Dietetics, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Asma Salari-Moghaddam
- Department of Community Nutrition, School of Nutritional Sciences and Dietetics, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mahsa Yousefinia
- Department of Community Nutrition, School of Nutritional Sciences and Dietetics, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Bagher Larijani
- Endocrinology and Metabolism Research Center, Endocrinology and Metabolism Clinical Sciences Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Ahmad Esmaillzadeh
- Department of Community Nutrition, School of Nutritional Sciences and Dietetics, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran; Obesity and Eating Habits Research Center, Endocrinology and Metabolism Molecular-Cellular Sciences Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran; Department of Community Nutrition, School of Nutrition and Food Science, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran.
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Saglietto A, Manfredi R, Elia E, D'Ascenzo F, DE Ferrari GM, Biondi-Zoccai G, Munzel T. Cardiovascular disease burden: Italian and global perspectives. Minerva Cardiol Angiol 2021; 69:231-240. [PMID: 33703858 DOI: 10.23736/s2724-5683.21.05538-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Cardiovascular disease (CVD) is still the leading cause of death worldwide, responsible for an estimated 17.8 million deaths globally in 2017, accounting for 31.8% of all deaths. In this review, we aim to provide an updated overview of CVD burden from an Italian and a global perspective. METHODS Crude and age-standardized incidence and prevalence, as well as age-standardized mortality rate and morbidity rate (expressed as disability-adjusted life years - DALYs), of different cardiovascular conditions, derived from the Global Burden of Disease Injuries, and Risk Factors Study (GBD) 2017, were reported and compared between Italy and the world. RESULTS Crude prevalence of CVD in Italy is nearly twofold higher than global prevalence (12.9% vs. 6.6%), while age-standardized estimates are similar (6.2% vs. 6.3%). Mortality and morbidity from CVD are reduced in Italy, as compared to worldwide estimates (age-standardized mortality rate 113/100,000 vs. 233/100,000; age-standardized rate of DALYs lost 1764/100,000 vs. 4598/100,000). Of the evaluated cardiovascular conditions, the most important CVD burden is due to ischemic heart disease, which show a crude prevalence of 3.6% in Italy (age-standardized: 1.7%), doubling the corresponding crude global estimate (1.7%; age-standardized: 1.6%). CONCLUSIONS This latest update on the epidemiology of CVD within Italy and the world summarizes the burden of major cardiovascular conditions. CVD, especially ischemic heart disease, is still an important cause of mortality and morbidity. The impact of increasing life-expectancy is a key determinant of CVD epidemiology in Italy, if compared to worldwide data, since older age is one of the major risk factors for CVD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrea Saglietto
- Division of Cardiology, Città della Salute e della Scienza di Torino Hospital, Turin, Italy - .,Department of Medical Sciences, University of Turin, Turin, Italy -
| | - Roberto Manfredi
- Division of Cardiology, Città della Salute e della Scienza di Torino Hospital, Turin, Italy.,Department of Medical Sciences, University of Turin, Turin, Italy
| | - Edoardo Elia
- Division of Cardiology, Città della Salute e della Scienza di Torino Hospital, Turin, Italy.,Department of Medical Sciences, University of Turin, Turin, Italy
| | - Fabrizio D'Ascenzo
- Division of Cardiology, Città della Salute e della Scienza di Torino Hospital, Turin, Italy.,Department of Medical Sciences, University of Turin, Turin, Italy
| | - Gaetano M DE Ferrari
- Division of Cardiology, Città della Salute e della Scienza di Torino Hospital, Turin, Italy.,Department of Medical Sciences, University of Turin, Turin, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Biondi-Zoccai
- Department of Medical-Surgical Sciences and Biotechnologies, Sapienza University, Rome, Italy.,Mediterranea Cardiocentro, Naples, Italy
| | - Thomas Munzel
- Center of Cardiology, Medical University of Mainz, Mainz, Germany
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Guiné RP, Florença SG, Barroca MJ, Anjos O. The duality of innovation and food development versus purely traditional foods. Trends Food Sci Technol 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tifs.2021.01.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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The Beneficial Health Effects of Vegetables and Wild Edible Greens: The Case of the Mediterranean Diet and Its Sustainability. APPLIED SCIENCES-BASEL 2020. [DOI: 10.3390/app10249144] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
The Mediterranean diet (MD) concept as currently known describes the dietary patterns that were followed in specific regions of the area in the 1950s and 1960s. The broad recognition of its positive effects on the longevity of Mediterranean populations also led to the adoption of this diet in other regions of the world, and scientific interest focused on revealing its health effects. MD is not only linked with eating specific nutritional food products but also with social, religious, environmental, and cultural aspects, thus representing a healthy lifestyle in general. However, modern lifestyles adhere to less healthy diets, alienating people from their heritage. Therefore, considering the increasing evidence of the beneficial health effects of adherence to the MD and the ongoing transitions in consumers’ behavior, the present review focuses on updating the scientific knowledge regarding this diet and its relevance to agrobiodiversity. In addition, it also considers a sustainable approach for new marketing opportunities and consumer trends of the MD.
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