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Abaj F, Esmaeily Z, Naeini Z, Rafiee M, Koohdani F. Dietary acid load modifies the effects of ApoA2-265 T > C polymorphism on lipid profile and serum leptin and ghrelin levels among type 2 diabetic patients. BMC Endocr Disord 2022; 22:190. [PMID: 35883173 PMCID: PMC9316730 DOI: 10.1186/s12902-022-01083-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/01/2022] [Accepted: 06/23/2022] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
This investigation with aimed the effect of APOA2-265 T > C polymorphism and dietary acid load (DAL) as either potential renal acid load (PRAL) and net endogenous acid production (NEAP) intake interaction on metabolic markers in type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). In present cross-sectional study, 737 patients with T2DM (290 men and 447 women) were enlisted from diabetes centers in Tehran. The dietary intakes of all participants during the last year was acquired by a validated semi-quantitative food frequency (FFQ) questionnaire. Polymerase chain reaction (PCR) was used for genotyping the APOA2-265 T > C. Biochemical indises containing leptin, ghrelin, total cholesterol (Bailey et al., J Clin Invest 97:1147-1453, 1996), low-density lipoprotein cholestrol (LDL-C), high-density lipoprotein cholestrol (HDL-C), triglyceride (TG), superoxide dismutase (SOD), high sensitivy C-reactive protein (hs-CRP), total antioxidant capacity (TAC), pentraxin-3 (PTX3), prostaglandin F2α (PGF2α) and interleukin 18 (IL18) were measured by standard method. Atherogenic indices (AIP, AC, CR-I, CR-II) were calculated. The gene-diet interactions were evaluated using an GLM. The frequency overall prevalence of rs5082 genotypes was 63.82 and 36.17% for T-allele and C-allele respectively. TG, Ghrelin, and hs-CRP concentrations were significantly higher among carriers with C allele than TT homozygotes. However, TC/CC genotypes have lower PTX3 than TT homozygotes (P < 0.05). C-allele carriers had highest mean of BMI (PNEAP=0.04, PPRAL = 0.006), WC (PNEAP=0.04, PPRAL = 0.04), TC (PNEAP=0.03, PPRAL = 0.01), ghrelin (PNEAP=0.01, PPRAL = 0.04), and leptin (PNEAP=0.04, PPRAL = 0.03) when placed in top tertiles of NEAP and PRAL.BMI, WC, TC, ghrelin, and leptin levels may be modified in C carriers by decreasing DAL, though, further investigations are required to confirm these findings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Faezeh Abaj
- Department of Community Nutrition, School of Nutritional Sciences and Dietetics, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Zahra Esmaeily
- Department of Community Nutrition, School of Nutritional Sciences and Dietetics, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Zeinab Naeini
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Nutrition, School of Nutritional Sciences and Dietetics, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, PO Box: 141556117, Tehran, Iran
| | - Masoumeh Rafiee
- Department of Clinical Nutrition, School of Nutrition and Food Science, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran.
| | - Fariba Koohdani
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Nutrition, School of Nutritional Sciences and Dietetics, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, PO Box: 141556117, Tehran, Iran.
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Interaction between Apo A-II -265T > C polymorphism and dietary total antioxidant capacity on some oxidative stress and inflammatory markers in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus. Br J Nutr 2022; 128:13-29. [PMID: 34372957 DOI: 10.1017/s0007114521002993] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
This work aims to examine the interaction between apo A2 (Apo A-II) -265T > C SNP and dietary total antioxidant capacity (DTAC) on inflammation and oxidative stress in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus. The present cross-sectional study included 180 patients (35-65 years) with identified Apo A-II genotype. Dietary intakes were assessed by a FFQ. DTAC was computed using the international databases. IL-18 (IL18), high-sensitivity C-reactive protein (hs-CRP), pentraxin (PTX3), serum total antioxidant capacity (TAC), superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity and 8-isoprostaneF2α (PGF2α) markers were obtained according to standard protocols. General linear model was used to evaluate the interaction. The interaction of gene and DTAC (PFRAP = 0·039 and PORAC = 0·042) on PGF2α level was significant after adjusting for confounders. A significant interaction was observed on IL18 level (PORAC = 0·018 and PFRAP = 0·048) and SOD (PTEAC = 0·037) in obese patients. Among patients whose DTAC was higher than the median intake, the levels of hs-CRP and PGF2α were significantly higher only in individuals with CC genotype. Serum TAC (PFRAP = 0·030, PORAC = 0·049) and SOD were significantly lower in the CC genotype. There was a favourable relationship between the high-DTAC and SOD (obese: PTEAC = 0·034, non-obese: PFRAP = 0·001, PTRAP < 0·0001, PTEAC = 0·003 and PORAC = 0·001) and PGF2α (non-obese: PORAC = 0·024) in T-allele carriers. The rs5082 SNP interacts with DTAC to influence several cardiometabolic risk factors. Also, we found dietary recommendations for antioxidant-rich foods intake might be useful in the prevention of diabetes complications in the T carrier more effectively than the CC genotype. Future large studies are required to confirm these results.
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ApoA2-256T > C polymorphism interacts with Healthy Eating Index, Dietary Quality Index-International and Dietary Phytochemical Index to affect biochemical markers among type 2 diabetic patients. Br J Nutr 2022; 127:1343-1351. [PMID: 34167597 DOI: 10.1017/s0007114521002348] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
Several investigations revealed the association between ApoA2 concentration and lipid profile, inflammation and oxidative stress markers. Dietary habits also play a major role in the health status of individuals with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). This study aimed to investigate the interaction of ApoA2-256T > C with dietary indexes on ghrelin and leptin hormones together with biochemical markers among individuals with T2DM. A cross-sectional study was conducted on 726 randomly selected individuals with T2DM. A validated FFQ was used to evaluate Healthy Eating Index, Dietary Quality Index-International (DQI-I) and Dietary Phytochemical Index (DPI). ApoA2-256T > C genotypes were detected by real-time-PCR. Ghrelin, leptin and biochemical markers were also assessed. ANCOVA was used for the interaction between the polymorphism and dietary indexes. A significant interaction was observed between ApoA2-256T > C and DQI-I on high-sensitivity C-reactive protein (hs-CRP) level and superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity. Besides, the interaction of the SNP and DPI significantly affected hs-CRP and 8-isoprostane F2α (PGF2α) levels. CC in the second tertile of DPI had the lowest hs-CRP level, and it was elevated due to adhering to DQI-I (Pinteraction = 0·01 and 0·04, respectively). Moreover, T-allele (protective allele) carriers with the highest level of PGF2α and SOD activity were those in the second tertile of DPI and DQI-I, respectively (Pinteraction = 0·03 and 0·007, respectively). SOD activity, hs-CRP and PGF2α concentration may be modified in T-allele carriers and CC by the adherence to DPI and DQI-I, though additional studies are required to confirm these findings.
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Karimi E, Tondkar P, Sotoudeh G, Qorbani M, Rafiee M, Koohdani F. A personalised diet study: The interaction between ApoA2 -265T > C polymorphism and dietary inflammatory index on oxidative and inflammatory markers and lipid profile in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus: A cross-sectional study. Int J Clin Pract 2021; 75:e14178. [PMID: 33759320 DOI: 10.1111/ijcp.14178] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2020] [Revised: 02/15/2021] [Accepted: 03/22/2021] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND This study aimed to investigate the interaction between dietary inflammatory index (DII) and apolipoproteinA2 265T > C (ApoA2 -265T > C) polymorphism on inflammatory and oxidative markers and lipid profile in type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) patients. METHODS In this cross-sectional study, 157 patients with T2DM were recruited. A food-frequency questionnaire was used for DII calculation. Inflammatory, oxidative and lipid biomarkers were measured. Real-time polymerase chain reaction (PCR) method was used for ApoA2 genotyping determination. RESULTS In the current study, serum 8-iso-PGF2α and CRP were significantly higher, and serum SOD activity was significantly lower in subjects with CC genotype than TT homozygous in both crude and adjusted (for DII and AAs intake) models. Also, C-allele carriers compared with people with TT genotype had lower PTX3 in both models. In addition, serum TG level was significantly higher in TC genotype than TT homozygous in adjusted model. Moreover, subjects with CC homozygous and high DII level had significantly higher 8-iso-PGF2α level compared to those with TT genotype and low DII (reference group) in adjusted (for BMI, age, sexuality and AAs intake) model. Our results also showed that in TC genotypes with low DII and CC homozygous with both low and high DII, PTX3 concentrations were significantly lower than the reference group. In addition, CC carriers with low DII had significantly higher CRP level compared to the reference group. Moreover, our results reported significant higher TG in TC genotype with low DII and also higher total cholesterol level in CC genotype with low DII than the reference group. CONCLUSION These findings indicate that CC genotype might predict higher inflammatory and oxidative status level compared to T allele carriers. An inflammatory diet may accelerate oxidative stress in subjects with CC genotype. However, the association between APOA2 -265T > C polymorphism and inflammation and lipid profile is presented less modifiable by DII.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elmira Karimi
- Department of Community Nutrition, School of Nutritional Sciences and Dietetic, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Pourya Tondkar
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Nutrition, School of Nutritional Sciences and Dietetic, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Gity Sotoudeh
- Department of Community Nutrition, School of Nutritional Sciences and Dietetics, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mostafa Qorbani
- Non-communicable Diseases Research Center, Alborz University of Medical Sciences, Karaj, Iran
- Chronic Diseases Research Center, Endocrinology and Metabolism Population Sciences Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Masoumeh Rafiee
- Department of Clinical Nutrition, School of Nutrition and Food Science, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Fariba Koohdani
- Diabetes Research Center, Endocrinology and Metabolism Clinical Sciences Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Nutrition, School of Nutritional Sciences and Dietetics, International Campus, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
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Williams PT. Quantile-dependent expressivity of serum C-reactive protein concentrations in family sets. PeerJ 2021; 9:e10914. [PMID: 33628645 PMCID: PMC7894107 DOI: 10.7717/peerj.10914] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2020] [Accepted: 01/18/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Background “Quantile-dependent expressivity” occurs when the effect size of a genetic variant depends upon whether the phenotype (e.g., C-reactive protein, CRP) is high or low relative to its distribution. We have previously shown that the heritabilities (h2) of coffee and alcohol consumption, postprandial lipemia, lipoproteins, leptin, adiponectin, adiposity, and pulmonary function are quantile-specific. Whether CRP heritability is quantile-specific is currently unknown. Methods Serum CRP concentrations from 2,036 sibships and 6,144 offspring-parent pairs were analyzed from the Framingham Heart Study. Quantile-specific heritability from full-sib (βFS, h2 ={(1 + 8rspouseβFS)0.5 − 1}/(2rspouse)) and offspring-parent regression slopes (βOP, h2 = 2βOP/(1 + rspouse)) were estimated robustly by quantile regression with nonparametric significance determined from 1,000 bootstrap samples. Results Quantile-specific h2 (±SE) increased with increasing percentiles of the offspring’s age- and sex-adjusted CRP distribution when estimated from βOP (Ptrend = 0.0004): 0.02 ± 0.01 at the 10th, 0.04 ± 0.01 at the 25th, 0.10 ± 0.02 at the 50th, 0.20 ± 0.05 at the 75th, and 0.33 ± 0.10 at the 90th percentile, and when estimated from βFS (Ptrend = 0.0008): 0.03±0.01 at the 10th, 0.06 ± 0.02 at the 25th, 0.14 ± 0.03 at the 50th, 0.24 ± 0.05 at the 75th, and 0.53 ± 0.21 at the 90th percentile. Conclusion Heritability of serum CRP concentration is quantile-specific, which may explain or contribute to the inflated CRP differences between CRP (rs1130864, rs1205, rs1800947, rs2794521, rs3091244), FGB (rs1800787), IL-6 (rs1800795, rs1800796), IL6R (rs8192284), TNF-α (rs1800629) and APOE genotypes following CABG surgery, stroke, TIA, curative esophagectomy, intensive periodontal therapy, or acute exercise; during acute coronary syndrome or Staphylococcus aureus bacteremia; or in patients with chronic rheumatoid arthritis, diabetes, peripheral arterial disease, ankylosing spondylitis, obesity or inflammatory bowel disease or who smoke.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paul T Williams
- Molecular Biophysics & Integrated Bioimaging Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA, USA
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Interaction between Apo A-II -265T>C polymorphism and dietary total antioxidant capacity on some anthropometric indices and serum lipid profile in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus. J Nutr Sci 2021; 10:e9. [PMID: 33889392 PMCID: PMC8057501 DOI: 10.1017/jns.2020.61] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2020] [Accepted: 12/15/2020] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
The present study aimed to investigate the interaction of Apo A-II polymorphism and dietary total antioxidant capacity (DTAC) with lipid profile and anthropometric markers in patients with type 2 diabetes (T2DM) that are at risk for atherosclerosis. This cross-sectional study was conducted on 778 patients with T2DM (35–65 years). Dietary intakes were assessed by a 147-item food frequency questionnaire. DTAC was computed using international databases. Participants were categorised into two groups based on rs5082 genotypes. The gene–diet interaction was analysed by an ANCOVA multivariate interaction model. Total cholesterol, TC; triacylglycerol, TG; high- and low-density lipoprotein, HDL and LDL; TC–HDL ratio; waist circumference, WC and body mass index, BMI were obtained according to standard protocols. Overall, the frequency of CC homozygous was 12⋅1 % among study participants. We found that a significant interaction between rs5082 variants and DTAC on mean WC (PTEAC = 0⋅044), TC concentration (PFRAP = 0⋅049 and PTEAC = 0⋅031) and TC/HDL (PFRAP = 0⋅031 and PTRAP = 0⋅040). Among patients whose DTAC was higher than the median intake, the mean of weight, WC and TC/HDL were significantly higher only in individuals with CC genotype. Also, the high DTAC was associated with a lower TC concentration only in T-allele carriers (PFRAP = 0⋅042). We found that adherence to a diet with high total antioxidant capacity can improve the complications of diabetes and atherosclerosis in the T carrier genotype more effectively than the CC genotype. These results could indicate the anti-atherogenic properties of Apo A-II. However, further studies are needed to shed light on this issue.
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Gkouskou K, Vlastos I, Karkalousos P, Chaniotis D, Sanoudou D, Eliopoulos AG. The "Virtual Digital Twins" Concept in Precision Nutrition. Adv Nutr 2020; 11:1405-1413. [PMID: 32770212 PMCID: PMC7666894 DOI: 10.1093/advances/nmaa089] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2020] [Revised: 06/15/2020] [Accepted: 07/06/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Nutritional and lifestyle changes remain at the core of healthy aging and disease prevention. Accumulating evidence underscores the impact of genetic, metabolic, and host gut microbial factors on individual responses to nutrients, paving the way for the stratification of nutritional guidelines. However, technological advances that incorporate biological, nutritional, lifestyle, and health data at an unprecedented scale and depth conceptualize a future where preventative dietary interventions will exceed stratification and will be highly individualized. We herein discuss how genetic information combined with longitudinal metabolomic, immune, behavioral, and gut microbial parameters, and bioclinical variables could define a digital replica of oneself, a "virtual digital twin," which could serve to guide nutrition in a personalized manner. Such a model may revolutionize the management of obesity and its comorbidities, and provide a pillar for healthy aging.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Ioannis Vlastos
- Department of Biology, School of Medicine, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece
| | - Petros Karkalousos
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of West Attica, Athens, Greece
| | - Dimitrios Chaniotis
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of West Attica, Athens, Greece
| | - Despina Sanoudou
- Clinical Genomics and Pharmacogenomics Unit, 4th Department of Internal Medicine, School of Medicine, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece,Center for New Biotechnologies and Precision Medicine, School of Medicine, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece,Center of Basic Research, Biomedical Research Foundation of the Academy of Athens, Athens, Greece
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Method Validation by CPTAC Guidelines for Multi-protein Marker Assays Using Multiple Reaction Monitoring-mass Spectrometry. BIOTECHNOL BIOPROC E 2019. [DOI: 10.1007/s12257-018-0454-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
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Galmés S, Cifre M, Palou A, Oliver P, Serra F. A Genetic Score of Predisposition to Low-Grade Inflammation Associated with Obesity May Contribute to Discern Population at Risk for Metabolic Syndrome. Nutrients 2019; 11:E298. [PMID: 30704070 PMCID: PMC6412420 DOI: 10.3390/nu11020298] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2018] [Revised: 01/16/2019] [Accepted: 01/24/2019] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Omega-3 rich diets have been shown to improve inflammatory status. However, in an ex vivo system of human blood cells, the efficacy of eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) and docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) modulating lipid metabolism and cytokine response is attenuated in overweight subjects and shows high inter-individual variability. This suggests that obesity may be exerting a synergistic effect with genetic background disturbing the anti-inflammatory potential of omega-3 long-chain polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA). In the present work, a genetic score aiming to explore the risk associated to low grade inflammation and obesity (LGI-Ob) has been elaborated and assessed as a tool to contribute to discern population at risk for metabolic syndrome. Pro-inflammatory gene expression and cytokine production as a response to omega-3 were associated with LGI-Ob score; and lower anti-inflammatory effect of PUFA was observed in subjects with a high genetic score. Furthermore, overweight/obese individuals showed positive correlation of both plasma C-Reactive Protein and triglyceride/HDLc-index with LGI-Ob; and high LGI-Ob score was associated with greater hypertension (p = 0.047), Type 2 diabetes (p = 0.026), and metabolic risk (p = 0.021). The study shows that genetic variation can influence inflammation and omega-3 response, and that the LGI-Ob score could be a useful tool to classify subjects at inflammatory risk and more prone to suffer metabolic syndrome and associated metabolic disturbances.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sebastià Galmés
- NUO Group, Laboratory of Molecular Biology, Nutrition and Biotechnology, Universitat de les Illes Balears, 07122 Palma, Spain.
- CIBER de Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBEROBN), 28029 Madrid, Spain.
- Institut d'Investigació Sanitària Illes Balears (IdISBa), 07120 Palma, Spain.
| | - Margalida Cifre
- NUO Group, Laboratory of Molecular Biology, Nutrition and Biotechnology, Universitat de les Illes Balears, 07122 Palma, Spain.
- CIBER de Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBEROBN), 28029 Madrid, Spain.
| | - Andreu Palou
- NUO Group, Laboratory of Molecular Biology, Nutrition and Biotechnology, Universitat de les Illes Balears, 07122 Palma, Spain.
- CIBER de Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBEROBN), 28029 Madrid, Spain.
- Institut d'Investigació Sanitària Illes Balears (IdISBa), 07120 Palma, Spain.
| | - Paula Oliver
- NUO Group, Laboratory of Molecular Biology, Nutrition and Biotechnology, Universitat de les Illes Balears, 07122 Palma, Spain.
- CIBER de Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBEROBN), 28029 Madrid, Spain.
- Institut d'Investigació Sanitària Illes Balears (IdISBa), 07120 Palma, Spain.
| | - Francisca Serra
- NUO Group, Laboratory of Molecular Biology, Nutrition and Biotechnology, Universitat de les Illes Balears, 07122 Palma, Spain.
- CIBER de Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBEROBN), 28029 Madrid, Spain.
- Institut d'Investigació Sanitària Illes Balears (IdISBa), 07120 Palma, Spain.
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O'Connor S, Rudkowska I. Dietary Fatty Acids and the Metabolic Syndrome: A Personalized Nutrition Approach. ADVANCES IN FOOD AND NUTRITION RESEARCH 2019; 87:43-146. [PMID: 30678820 DOI: 10.1016/bs.afnr.2018.07.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/10/2023]
Abstract
Dietary fatty acids are present in a wide variety of foods and appear in different forms and lengths. The different fatty acids are known to have various effects on metabolic health. The metabolic syndrome (MetS) is a constellation of risk factors of chronic diseases. The etiology of the MetS is represented by a complex interplay of genetic and environmental factors. Dietary fatty acids can be important contributors of the evolution or in prevention of the MetS; however, great interindividual variability exists in the response to fatty acids. The identification of genetic variants interacting with fatty acids might explain this heterogeneity in metabolic responses. This chapter reviews the mechanisms underlying the interactions between the different components of the MetS, dietary fatty acids and genes. Challenges surrounding the implementation of personalized nutrition are also covered.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sarah O'Connor
- CHU de Québec Research Center, Université Laval, Québec, QC, Canada; Department of Kinesiology, Faculty of Medicine, Université Laval, Québec, QC, Canada
| | - Iwona Rudkowska
- CHU de Québec Research Center, Université Laval, Québec, QC, Canada; Department of Kinesiology, Faculty of Medicine, Université Laval, Québec, QC, Canada.
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Hannon BA, Khan NA, Teran-Garcia M. Nutrigenetic Contributions to Dyslipidemia: A Focus on Physiologically Relevant Pathways of Lipid and Lipoprotein Metabolism. Nutrients 2018; 10:E1404. [PMID: 30279335 PMCID: PMC6213032 DOI: 10.3390/nu10101404] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2018] [Revised: 09/19/2018] [Accepted: 09/27/2018] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Cardiovascular disease (CVD) remains the number one cause of death worldwide, and dyslipidemia is a major predictor of CVD mortality. Elevated lipid concentrations are the result of multiple genetic and environmental factors. Over 150 genetic loci have been associated with blood lipid levels. However, not all variants are present in pathways relevant to the pathophysiology of dyslipidemia. The study of these physiologically relevant variants can provide mechanistic understanding of dyslipidemia and identify potential novel therapeutic targets. Additionally, dietary fatty acids have been evidenced to exert both positive and negative effects on lipid profiles. The metabolism of both dietary and endogenously synthesized lipids can be affected by individual genetic variation to produce elevated lipid concentrations. This review will explore the genetic, dietary, and nutrigenetic contributions to dyslipidemia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bridget A Hannon
- Division of Nutritional Sciences, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana-Champaign, IL 61801, USA.
| | - Naiman A Khan
- Division of Nutritional Sciences, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana-Champaign, IL 61801, USA.
- Department of Kinesiology and Community Health, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana-Champaign, IL 61801, USA.
| | - Margarita Teran-Garcia
- Division of Nutritional Sciences, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana-Champaign, IL 61801, USA.
- Department of Kinesiology and Community Health, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana-Champaign, IL 61801, USA.
- Department of Human Development and Family Studies, Cooperative Extension, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Carle Illinois College of Medicine, Urbana-Champaign, IL 61801, USA.
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