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Matthews JA, Matthews S, Faries MD, Wolever RQ. Supporting Sustainable Health Behavior Change: The Whole is Greater Than the Sum of Its Parts. Mayo Clin Proc Innov Qual Outcomes 2024; 8:263-275. [PMID: 38807973 PMCID: PMC11130595 DOI: 10.1016/j.mayocpiqo.2023.10.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/30/2024] Open
Abstract
Behavior change is the foundation for effective lifestyle prescriptions, yet such change is individualized, nonlinear and typically requires ongoing support. Health and wellness coaching (HWC) is a behavior change intervention with rapidly accruing evidence of positive impact on health behaviors such as exercise, nutrition and stress management. Furthermore, HWC enhances prevention and mitigates exacerbation of chronic lifestyle diseases, at least in the short-term (up to 6 months post intervention). Although the impact on long-term stability of behavior change remains unclear, it is evident that effective partnering with patients using key communication strategies, autonomy promotion, and flexible permissiveness can empower patients to develop healthy lifestyles. This partnership can be cultivated by clinicians as well as clinical team members including nationally board-certified coaches. Although much research is needed regarding the ongoing maintenance of lifestyle changes beyond 6 months, this article seeks to equip clinicians with current evidence, theoretical insights and practical strategies from a "coach approach" to foster more intrinsic forms of motivation which, in turn, empowers patients to adopt and maintain health-promoting behaviors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jessica A. Matthews
- College of Health Sciences, Point Loma Nazarene University, San Diego, CA
- Department of Family Medicine, Centers for Integrative Health, UC San Diego Health, San Diego, CA
| | - Simon Matthews
- Lifestyle Medicine and Health Research Centre, Avondale University, Cooranbong, Australia
- Wellcoaches School of Coaching, Wellesley, MA
| | - Mark D. Faries
- Family & Community Health, Texas A&M AgriLife Extension, College Station, TX
- Texas A&M School of Medicine and School of Public Health, College Station, TX
| | - Ruth Q. Wolever
- Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Vanderbilt Health Coaching, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN
- Vanderbilt University School of Nursing, Nashville, TN
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Alanzi T, Alhajri A, Almulhim S, Alharbi S, Alfaifi S, Almarhoun E, Mulla R, Alasafra ZO, Alalwan Z, Alnasser F, Almukhtar F, Al Ghadeer F, Amro S, Alodhayb I, Alanzi N. Artificial Intelligence and Patient Autonomy in Obesity Treatment Decisions: An Empirical Study of the Challenges. Cureus 2023; 15:e49725. [PMID: 38161816 PMCID: PMC10757560 DOI: 10.7759/cureus.49725] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 11/28/2023] [Indexed: 01/03/2024] Open
Abstract
Background This study aims to explore the factors associated with artificial intelligence (AI) and patient autonomy in obesity treatment decision-making. Methodology A cross-sectional, online, descriptive survey design was adopted in this study. The survey instrument incorporated the Ideal Patient Autonomy Scale (IPAS) and other factors affecting patient autonomy in the AI-patient relationship. The study participants included 74 physicians, 55 dieticians, and 273 obese patients. Results Different views were expressed in the scales AI knows the best (μ = 2.95-3.15) and the patient should decide (μ = 2.95-3.16). Ethical concerns (μ = 3.24) and perceived privacy risks (μ = 3.58) were identified as having a more negative influence on patient autonomy compared to personal innovativeness (μ = 2.41) and trust (μ = 2.85). Physicians and dieticians expressed significantly higher trust in AI compared to patients (p < 0.05). Conclusions Patient autonomy in the AI-patient relationship is significantly affected by privacy, trust, and ethical issues. As trust is a multifaceted factor and AI is a novel technology in healthcare, it is essential to fully explore the various factors influencing trust and patient autonomy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Turki Alanzi
- Department of Health Information Management and Technology, College of Public Health, Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University, Dammam, SAU
| | - Ahlam Alhajri
- College of Agricultural and Food Sciences, King Faisal University, Al Hofuf, SAU
| | - Sara Almulhim
- College of Medicine, King Faisal University, Al Hofuf, SAU
| | - Sara Alharbi
- College of Applied Medical Sciences, Umm Al-Qura University, Makkah, SAU
| | - Samya Alfaifi
- College of Pharmacy, Umm Al-Qura University, Makkah, SAU
| | - Eslam Almarhoun
- Family Medicine, South Khobar Primary Healthcare Center, Khobar, SAU
| | - Raghad Mulla
- College of Medicine, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, SAU
| | | | - Zainab Alalwan
- College of Medicine, Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University, Dammam, SAU
| | - Fatima Alnasser
- College of Medicine, Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University, Dammam, SAU
| | - Fatima Almukhtar
- Medicine and Surgery, King Fahad University Hospital, Khobar, SAU
| | | | - Sara Amro
- Family Medicine, King Fahad Armed Forces Hospital, Jeddah, SAU
| | - Ibrahim Alodhayb
- College of Agriculture and Veterinary Medicine, Qassim University, Buraydah, SAU
| | - Nouf Alanzi
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Sciences, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Jouf university, Sakakah, SAU
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Adeola OL, Agudosi GM, Akueme NT, Okobi OE, Akinyemi FB, Ononiwu UO, Akunne HS, Akinboro MK, Ogbeifun OE, Okeaya-Inneh M. The Effectiveness of Nutritional Strategies in the Treatment and Management of Obesity: A Systematic Review. Cureus 2023; 15:e45518. [PMID: 37868473 PMCID: PMC10585414 DOI: 10.7759/cureus.45518] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 09/18/2023] [Indexed: 10/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Obesity, a condition primarily resulting from positive energy balance, has become a significant global health concern. Numerous studies have demonstrated that obesity is a major risk factor for various illnesses, including different types of cancer, coronary heart disease, sleep apnea, CV stroke, type II diabetes mellitus, etc. To effectively address this issue, prevention and treatment approaches to manage body weight are crucial. There are several evidence-based approaches available for the treatment and management of obesity, taking into account factors such as body mass index classification, individual weight history, and existing comorbidities. To facilitate successful obesity treatment and management, there are pragmatic approaches and tools available, including the reduction of energy density, portion control, and diet quality enhancement. These approaches encompass the use of medications, lifestyle interventions, bariatric surgery, and formula diets. Regardless of the specific method employed, behavior change, reduction of energy intake, and increased energy expenditure are integral components for successful treatment and management of obesity. These measures allow patients to personalize and customize their dietary patterns, leading to effective and sustainable weight reduction. Incorporating physical activities and self-monitoring of individual diets are effective techniques for promoting behavior change in obesity and weight management. The main objective of this systematic review is to evaluate the effectiveness of dietary/nutritional interventions in the treatment and management of obesity through provision of valuable insights into the effectiveness of such nutritional strategies. To attain this, a comprehensive analysis of various dietary approaches and their impacts on weight will be conducted.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Ngozi T Akueme
- Dermatology, University of Medical Sciences (UNIMED), Ondo, NGA
| | - Okelue E Okobi
- Family Medicine, Larkin Community Hospital Palm Springs Campus, Miami, USA
- Family Medicine, Medficient Health Systems, Laurel, USA
- Family Medicine, Lakeside Medical Center, Belle Glade, USA
| | | | - Uchechi O Ononiwu
- Family Medicine, Imo State University College of Medicine, Alberta, CAN
| | | | - Micheal K Akinboro
- Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Texas A&M Health School of Public Health, College Station, USA
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Fekih-Romdhane F, Jiang C, Obeid S, Malaeb D, Chammas N, Fawaz M, Soufia M, Meng R, Hallit S. Psychometric properties of the Arabic version of the Intuitive Eating Scale-2 (IES-2) in a sample of community adults. J Eat Disord 2023; 11:53. [PMID: 37005688 PMCID: PMC10067204 DOI: 10.1186/s40337-023-00782-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2023] [Accepted: 03/29/2023] [Indexed: 04/04/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND There is a growing attention on intuitive eating (IE) styles in the Western world that has not yet reached Arab countries, which is likely due to the lack of psychometrically sound measures of the IE construct for Arabic-speaking people. The current study aims to examine the psychometric properties of an Arabic translation of the most widely used measure of IE-the Intuitive Eating Scale-2 (IES-2), in an Arabic-speaking community population from Lebanon. METHODS Two samples of Arabic-speaking community adults from Lebanon (sample 1: n = 359, 59.9% females, age 22.75 ± 7.04 years; sample 2: n = 444, 72.7% females, age 27.25 ± 9.53 years) were recruited through online convenience sampling. The translation and back-translation method was applied to the IES-2 for linguistic validation. Factorial validity was investigated using an Exploratory Factor Analysis & Confirmatory Factor Analysis strategy. Composite reliability and sex invariance were examined. We also tested convergent and criterion-related validity through correlations with other theoretically plausible constructs. RESULTS Nine out of the original 23 items were removed because they either loaded below 0.40 and/or cross-loaded too highly on multiple factors. This resulted in four domains (Unconditional Permission to Eat, Eating for Physical Rather than Emotional Reasons, Reliance on Hunger and Satiety Cues, and Body-Food Choice Congruence) and 14 items retained. Internal reliability estimates were excellent, with McDonald's ω values ranging from 0.828 to 0.923 for the four factors. Multigroup analysis established configural, thresholds, metric, scalar, strict invariance across gender. Finally, higher IES-2 total scores were significantly correlated with lower body dissatisfaction scores and more positive eating attitudes, thus attesting to convergent and criterion-related validity of the scale. CONCLUSIONS The current findings provide preliminary evidence for the appropriate psychometric qualities of the Arabic 14-item, four-factor structure IES-2; thereby supporting its use at least among Arabic-speaking community adults.
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Affiliation(s)
- Feten Fekih-Romdhane
- The Tunisian Center of Early Intervention in Psychosis, Department of Psychiatry “Ibn Omrane”, Razi Hospital, 2010 Manouba, Tunisia
- Faculty of Medicine of Tunis, Tunis El Manar University, Tunis, Tunisia
| | - Chen Jiang
- School of Public Health, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, 311121 People’s Republic of China
| | - Sahar Obeid
- Social and Education Sciences Department, School of Arts and Sciences, Lebanese American University, Jbeil, Lebanon
| | - Diana Malaeb
- College of Pharmacy, Gulf Medical University, Ajman, United Arab Emirates
- School of Pharmacy, Lebanese International University, Beirut, Lebanon
| | - Nancy Chammas
- School of Medicine and Medical Sciences, Holy Spirit University of Kaslik, P.O. Box 446, Jounieh, Lebanon
| | - Mirna Fawaz
- Faculty of Health Sciences, Beirut Arab University, Tareek Al Jadida, Afeef Al Tiba, Beirut, 1105 Lebanon
| | - Michel Soufia
- School of Medicine and Medical Sciences, Holy Spirit University of Kaslik, P.O. Box 446, Jounieh, Lebanon
| | - Runtang Meng
- School of Public Health, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, 311121 People’s Republic of China
- Engineering Research Center of Mobile Health Management System, Ministry of Education, Hangzhou, 311121 People’s Republic of China
| | - Souheil Hallit
- School of Medicine and Medical Sciences, Holy Spirit University of Kaslik, P.O. Box 446, Jounieh, Lebanon
- Psychology Department, College of Humanities, Effat University, Jeddah 21478, Saudi Arabia
- Research Department, Psychiatric Hospital of the Cross, Jal Eddib, Lebanon
- Applied Science Research Center, Applied Science Private University, Amman, Jordan
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5
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Yan Z, Peacock J, Cohen JFW, Kurdziel L, Benes S, Oh S, Bowling A. An 8-Week Peer Health Coaching Intervention among College Students: A Pilot Randomized Study. Nutrients 2023; 15:nu15051284. [PMID: 36904282 PMCID: PMC10005245 DOI: 10.3390/nu15051284] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2023] [Revised: 02/28/2023] [Accepted: 03/03/2023] [Indexed: 03/08/2023] Open
Abstract
This study explored the effects of an 8-week peer coaching program on physical activity (PA), diet, sleep, social isolation, and mental health among college students in the United States. A total of 52 college students were recruited and randomized to the coaching (n = 28) or the control group (n = 24). The coaching group met with a trained peer health coach once a week for 8 weeks focusing on self-selected wellness domains. Coaching techniques included reflective listening, motivational interviews, and goal setting. The control group received a wellness handbook. PA, self-efficacy for eating healthy foods, quality of sleep, social isolation, positive affect and well-being, anxiety, and cognitive function were measured. No interaction effects between time and group were significant for the overall intervention group (all p > 0.05), while the main effects of group difference on moderate PA and total PA were significant (p < 0.05). Goal-specific analysis showed that, compared to the control group, those who had a PA goal significantly increased vigorous PA Metabolic Equivalent of Task (METs) (p < 0.05). The vigorous METs for the PA goal group increased from 1013.33 (SD = 1055.12) to 1578.67 (SD = 1354.09); the control group decreased from 1012.94 (SD = 1322.943) to 682.11 (SD = 754.89); having a stress goal significantly predicted a higher post-coaching positive affect and well-being, controlling the pre-score and other demographic factors: B = 0.37 and p < 0.05. Peer coaching showed a promising effect on improving PA and positive affect and well-being among college students.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zi Yan
- Department of Public Health and Nutrition, School of Nursing and Health Sciences, Merrimack College, North Andover, MA 01845, USA
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +1-(978)-837-5435
| | - Jessica Peacock
- Department of Exercise Sciences and Rehabilitation, School of Nursing and Health Sciences, Merrimack College, North Andover, MA 01845, USA
| | - Juliana F. W. Cohen
- Department of Public Health and Nutrition, School of Nursing and Health Sciences, Merrimack College, North Andover, MA 01845, USA
| | - Laura Kurdziel
- Department of Psychology and Neuroscience, Merrimack College, North Andover, MA 01845, USA
| | - Sarah Benes
- Department of Health and Movement Science, Southern Connecticut State University, New Haven, CT 06515, USA
| | - Seungbin Oh
- Mental Health Counseling & Behavioral Medicine Program, Department of Psychiatry and Graduate Medical Sciences, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA 02118, USA
| | - April Bowling
- Department of Public Health and Nutrition, School of Nursing and Health Sciences, Merrimack College, North Andover, MA 01845, USA
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Massachusetts TH Chan Medical School, 55 N Lake Ave., Worcester, MA 01655, USA
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Colombo GE, Pirotta S, Sabag A. Diet and Exercise in the Management of Polycystic Ovary Syndrome: Practical Considerations for Person-Centered Care. Semin Reprod Med 2023; 41:26-36. [PMID: 38040023 DOI: 10.1055/s-0043-1777116] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/03/2023]
Abstract
Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is a complex multisystem condition associated with life-long reproductive, metabolic, and psychological symptoms. Individuals with PCOS are at an increased risk of cardiovascular disease and type 2 diabetes, with approximately 70% of all PCOS cases presenting with insulin resistance. Lifestyle interventions have historically been recommended as first-line therapies for the management of PCOS-related cardiometabolic disorders. The term "lifestyle management" incorporates a multifaceted approach to dietary, exercise, and behavioral strategies, aiming to promote a healthy lifestyle. This approach has been commonly employed in practice, in particular through exercise and dietary modulation, due to its effect on cardiometabolic outcomes as well as its tolerability. Furthermore, there is evidence to suggest that combining dietary change with exercise may yield the greatest improvements in clinical outcomes. However, such practices require careful consideration and coordination, as there are instances where certain exercise and/or dietary prescriptions may compromise the effectiveness of the respective interventions. Thus, this review aims to provide practical guidance on diet and exercise planning in the routine care of PCOS. Such recommendations include emphasizing realistic and achievable goals, as well as minimizing barriers to lifestyle changes in order to increase the long-term sustainability of this treatment strategy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giorgia E Colombo
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Ospedale Regionale di Lugano, Lugano, Switzerland
| | - Stephanie Pirotta
- Health and Social Care Unit, School of Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Monash University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Angelo Sabag
- Discipline of Exercise and Sport Science, Faculty of Medicine and Health, The University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
- Charles Perkins Centre, The University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
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Souza ALL, de Souza PM, Mota BEF, Xavier CLF, Santiago FG, Oliveira JS, Borges SA, Bearzoti E, Gama EF, Souza GGL. Ghost Fat: Altered Female Body Perception After Bariatric Surgery. Percept Mot Skills 2023; 130:301-316. [PMID: 36306740 DOI: 10.1177/00315125221133868] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Body perception is an individual's ability to recognize their body in attitudinal and/or dimensional aspects. We investigated women's body perceptions before and after bariatric surgery. Participants were 31 women (M age = 36.23, SD = 7.95 years old) with an average pre-operative body mass index of 44.58 (SD = 4.65) kg/m2. We collected anthropometric and body perception measures (attitudinal body image [ABI] and dimensional body image [DBI]) before bariatric surgery and 30, 60, 90, and 120 days after it. There was an average decrease of 21.09% in participants' body weight over the 120 days. Regarding ABI, 51.61% of participants had high body dissatisfaction before surgery, and this proportion of dissatisfied participants decreased to 3.23% 120 days after surgery. We observed no statistically significant differences in DBI perceptions. Fast weight loss caused by bariatric surgery appeared to generate a perception of ghost fat. Somatosensory interventions and/or a longer follow-up are needed to alter this persistent distortion of body dimensions.
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Affiliation(s)
- André Luiz L Souza
- 544235Federal Institute of Education Science and Technology of Northern Minas Gerais, Pirapora, MG, Brazil.,Laboratory of Psychophysiology, Department of Biological Sciences, 28115Federal University of Ouro Preto, Ouro Preto, MG, Brazil
| | - Perciliany M de Souza
- Laboratory of Psychophysiology, Department of Biological Sciences, 28115Federal University of Ouro Preto, Ouro Preto, MG, Brazil
| | - Bruna E F Mota
- Laboratory of Psychophysiology, Department of Biological Sciences, 28115Federal University of Ouro Preto, Ouro Preto, MG, Brazil.,School of Nutrition, 28115Federal University of Ouro Preto, Ouro Preto, MG, Brazil
| | | | | | | | | | - Eduardo Bearzoti
- Department of Statistics, 28115Federal University of Ouro Preto, Ouro Preto, MG, Brazil
| | - Eliane F Gama
- Department of Morphology and Genetics, Paulista School of Medicine, 67696Federal University of São Paulo, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - Gabriela G L Souza
- Laboratory of Psychophysiology, Department of Biological Sciences, 28115Federal University of Ouro Preto, Ouro Preto, MG, Brazil
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Low resilience in severe obesity: marker of adverse childhood experiences and current psychological disorders. Eat Weight Disord 2022; 27:3507-3519. [PMID: 36209466 DOI: 10.1007/s40519-022-01488-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2022] [Accepted: 09/25/2022] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE Psychological disorders, early-age psychological traumas and eating disorders may contribute to the development of severe obesity in vulnerable individuals. Resilience may serve a protective role against binge eating disorder or depression. The current study aimed to investigate the relationship between adverse childhood experiences (ACE), resilience, and current psychological disorders. It also examined whether resilience plays a protective role in this pathway in a cohort of patients seeking bariatric surgery. METHODS Two hundred patients (153 women, 47 men) with severe obesity scheduled for bariatric surgery at the CHRU Nancy were included between September 2016 and April 2017. Participants completed the Resilience Scale for Adults (RSA) questionnaire and underwent a structured interview on ACE and current psychological disorders. RESULTS Mean total RSA score was 5.16 ± 0.87. The most frequent ACE were emotional neglect (90.5%) and emotional abuse (61%); 96% reported at least one ACE; 67% presented at least one current psychological disorder, the most frequent being anxiety (36%) and BED (35%). The number of psychological disorders, cumulative ACE and age explained 19.5% of the variance in total RSA score (p < 0.0001; adjusted R2 = 0.19). The association of cumulative ACE and number of psychological disorders was mediated by resilience. CONCLUSION Our findings suggest that resilience is a relevant component of the psychosocial phenotype of severe obesity in bariatric surgery candidates. Resilience seems to play a partly mediation role in the relationship between ACE and psychological disorders. Low resilience becomes a marker that underscores the necessity to examine in greater depth ACE and psychological disorders. LEVEL OF EVIDENCE Level III, cohort analytic study.
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Campos MB, Menezes IHCF, Peixoto MDRG, Schincaglia RM. Intuitive eating in general aspects of eating behaviors in individuals with obesity: Randomized clinical trial. Clin Nutr ESPEN 2022; 50:24-32. [DOI: 10.1016/j.clnesp.2022.06.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/02/2021] [Revised: 05/17/2022] [Accepted: 06/01/2022] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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McGarrity LA, Terrill AL, Martinez PL, Ibele AR, Morrow EH, Volckmann ET, Smith TW. The Role of Resilience in Psychological Health Among Bariatric Surgery Patients. Obes Surg 2022; 32:792-800. [PMID: 35091900 DOI: 10.1007/s11695-021-05855-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2021] [Revised: 12/15/2021] [Accepted: 12/17/2021] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Many individuals who undergo bariatric surgery have experienced repeated unsuccessful diet attempts and negative messages from healthcare providers, family, and others about their weight. Research pre- and post-operatively has taken a pathological or risk-based approach, investigating psychiatric problems and disordered eating. In contrast, the current study explores resilience in this population. METHODS Participants were 148 bariatric surgery patients. Participants completed measures pre-operatively and 1.5-3 years post-operatively, including the Binge Eating Scale, Eating Disorder Examination Questionnaire, Patient Health Questionnaire, Generalized Anxiety Questionnaire, Impact of Weight on Quality of Life, Coping Responses Inventory, and Duke Social Support and Stress Scales. The Connor-Davidson Resilience Scale was measured post-operatively. RESULTS Correlations demonstrated a significant association between post-operative resilience and lower symptoms of binge eating, disordered eating, depression, anxiety, and impact of weight on quality of life. Resilience was also associated with greater social support and less social stress, and greater use of approach coping strategies. Resilience was significantly associated with improvements in symptoms of binge eating, disordered eating, depression, anxiety, and impact of weight on quality of life from pre- to post-operative assessments. In regression models, associations remained significant after controlling for psychosocial variables at baseline (e.g., binge eating symptoms pre-operatively) and demographic covariates. CONCLUSIONS Psychological resilience has been under-studied in the literature on obesity and bariatric surgery, with a primary focus on risk factors for poor outcomes. This study was among the first to investigate associations between resilience and post-operative psychological outcomes. Results suggest the field would benefit from consideration of patient resilience in psychological assessments and interventions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Larissa A McGarrity
- University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT, 84103, USA. .,Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT, 84103, USA.
| | - Alexandra L Terrill
- University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT, 84103, USA.,Department of Occupational and Recreational Therapies, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT, 84103, USA
| | - Paige L Martinez
- University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT, 84103, USA.,Department of Surgery, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT, 84103, USA
| | - Anna R Ibele
- University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT, 84103, USA.,Department of Surgery, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT, 84103, USA
| | - Ellen H Morrow
- University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT, 84103, USA.,Department of Surgery, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT, 84103, USA
| | - Eric T Volckmann
- University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT, 84103, USA.,Department of Surgery, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT, 84103, USA
| | - Timothy W Smith
- University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT, 84103, USA.,Department of Psychology, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT, 84103, USA
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Bongartz U, Hochmann U, Grube B, Uebelhack R, Alt F, Erlenbeck C, Peng LV, Chong PW, De Costa P. Flaxseed Mucilage (IQP-LU-104) Reduces Body Weight in Overweight and Moderately Obese Individuals in a 12-week, Three-Arm, Double-Blind, Randomized, and Placebo-Controlled Clinical Study. Obes Facts 2022; 15:395-404. [PMID: 35130547 PMCID: PMC9210019 DOI: 10.1159/000522082] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2021] [Accepted: 01/18/2022] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION The aim of this study was to evaluate the benefit and tolerability of two dosages of a proprietary flaxseed mucilage (IQP-LU-104) in reducing body weight in overweight and moderately obese individuals. METHODS In a double-blind, randomized, placebo-controlled, bi-center trial, 108 participants (body mass index [BMI] 25-<35 kg/m2) were randomly allocated to receive either IQP-LU-104 high dose (104HD), IQP-LU-104 low dose (104LD), or placebo. Participants were instructed to consume 1 sachet of the investigational product (containing IQP-LU-104 or matching placebo) before or with main meals twice daily and to follow a balanced but hypocaloric diet (20% reduction of individual's daily energy requirements) for 12 weeks. At week 0 (baseline), and weeks 4, 8, and 12 of the intervention periods, the participants' body weight, BMI, body fat composition, and waist and hip circumferences were measured. Blood samples were collected for safety assessment at screening visit (week -2) and at the end of the study. Adverse events were assessed by the investigators through interviewing the participants and were recorded at every visit post screening. RESULTS At the end of the 12-week study, body weight reduction was greater in the 104HD group (4.96 ± 1.89 kg, p < 0.001 vs. placebo) and 104LD group (3.70 ± 2.57 kg, p < 0.001 vs. placebo) compared to the placebo group (1.33 ± 2.05 kg). 68% and 46% of participants in the 104HD group (p < 0.001 vs. placebo) and 104LD group (p = 0.002 vs. placebo), respectively, experienced at least 5% weight loss, compared to 9% of participants in the placebo group. Significant decreases in waist and hip circumferences were observed in both the 104HD and 104LD groups compared to the placebo group (each p < 0.001). 104HD group had significantly higher reduction in body fat mass (4.25 ± 5.86 kg) than the placebo group (1.06 ± 3.20 kg) (p = 0.002). Respiratory tract infections and gastrointestinal symptoms were the main adverse events reported and none of the adverse events were related to the intake of IQP-LU-104. CONCLUSION Results demonstrated IQP-LU-104 is safe and efficacious in body weight reduction at both dosages in overweight and moderately obese individuals.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Felix Alt
- Analyze & Realize GmbH, Berlin, Germany
| | | | - Li Vern Peng
- InQpharm Group Sdn Bhd, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
- *Li Vern Peng,
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12
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No effect of combined tele-exercises and nutritional coaching on anthropometric, body composition or exercise capacity outcomes in overweight and obese women: a randomized clinical trial. NUTR HOSP 2022; 39:329-336. [DOI: 10.20960/nh.03822] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/02/2022] Open
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[New patient care techniques: nutritional coaching]. NUTR HOSP 2021; 38:49-53. [PMID: 34323084 DOI: 10.20960/nh.03798] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/02/2022] Open
Abstract
To achieve behavioral changes, as well as to prevent the appearance of non-communicable diseases, nutritional education has traditionally been used. However, the prevalence of some chronic diseases is still increasing. This has led to the development of new patient care techniques such as nutritional coaching, or nutritional counselling, in which the patient plays an active role during the change process. The available scientific evidence indicates that nutritional coaching, as well as health coaching, is an effective tool to achieve lasting changes in diet and lifestyle.
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Djuric Z, Rifkin S. A New Score for Quantifying Adherence to a Cancer-Preventive Mediterranean Diet. Nutr Cancer 2021; 74:579-591. [PMID: 33840312 PMCID: PMC8693912 DOI: 10.1080/01635581.2021.1909738] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2020] [Revised: 01/25/2021] [Accepted: 03/04/2021] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
Herein a Mediterranean Cancer Preventive Diet Score (MCAP Score) is proposed to quantify adherence to both traditional Mediterranean fat intakes and the current dietary recommendations for cancer prevention. The scoring uses research-backed cutoff values, unlike other scores that are based on a population-specific median value. The MCAP score awards positive points for seven preventive food categories, including Mediterranean fats (monounsaturated fats, ω-3 fatty acids) associated with reduced adiposity, and negative points for four food categories associated with increased cancer risk, including ultra-processed foods. In a randomized trial of 120 persons at increased risk of colon cancer, the baseline MCAP Score averaged seven of 20 possible points. Counseling for a Healthy Diet or a Mediterranean Diet improved the score to either 11 or 13 points, respectively, and the highest score observed in any individual was 20 points. The MCAP Score was correlated with serum carotenoids and serum ω-3 fatty acids, and improvements in the score were associated with weight loss over six months of study. The MCAP Score is therefore proposed as a new method to assess adherence to a Mediterranean type of diet for cancer prevention using absolute criteria that will facilitate comparisons of dietary intakes across studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zora Djuric
- Department of Family Medicine, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109
| | - Samara Rifkin
- Department Internal Medicine, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109
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Hwalla N, Jaafar Z. Dietary Management of Obesity: A Review of the Evidence. Diagnostics (Basel) 2020; 11:diagnostics11010024. [PMID: 33375554 PMCID: PMC7823549 DOI: 10.3390/diagnostics11010024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2020] [Revised: 12/08/2020] [Accepted: 12/08/2020] [Indexed: 01/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Obesity is a multi-factorial disease and its prevention and management require knowledge of the complex interactions underlying it and adopting a whole system approach that addresses obesogenic environments within country specific contexts. The pathophysiology behind obesity involves a myriad of genetic, epigenetic, physiological, and macroenvironmental factors that drive food intake and appetite and increase the obesity risk for susceptible individuals. Metabolically, food intake and appetite are regulated via intricate processes and feedback systems between the brain, gastrointestinal system, adipose and endocrine tissues that aim to maintain body weight and energy homeostasis but are also responsive to environmental cues that may trigger overconsumption of food beyond homeostatic needs. Under restricted caloric intake conditions such as dieting, these processes elicit compensatory metabolic mechanisms that promote energy intake and weight regain, posing great challenges to diet adherence and weight loss attempts. To mitigate these responses and enhance diet adherence and weight loss, different dietary strategies have been suggested in the literature based on their differential effects on satiety and metabolism. In this review article, we offer an overview of the literature on obesity and its underlying pathological mechanisms, and we present an evidence based comparative analysis of the effects of different popular dietary strategies on weight loss, metabolic responses and diet adherence in obesity.
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Mu J, Zhang J, Zhou X, Zalan Z, Hegyi F, Takács K, Ibrahim A, Awad S, Wu Y, Zhao X, Du M. Effect of Lactobacillus plantarum KFY02 isolated from naturally fermented yogurt on the weight loss in mice with high-fat diet-induced obesity via PPAR-α/γ signaling pathway. J Funct Foods 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jff.2020.104264] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
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Bifidobacterium animalis subsp. lactis A6 Alleviates Obesity Associated with Promoting Mitochondrial Biogenesis and Function of Adipose Tissue in Mice. Molecules 2020; 25:molecules25071490. [PMID: 32218367 PMCID: PMC7180933 DOI: 10.3390/molecules25071490] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2020] [Revised: 03/09/2020] [Accepted: 03/11/2020] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Probiotics are widely known for their health benefits. Mitochondrial dysfunction is related to obesity. The aim of this study was to illuminate whether Bifidobacterium animalis subsp. lactis A6 (BAA6) could improve obesity due to increased mitochondrial biogenesis and function of adipose tissues. Four-week-old male C57BL/6 mice were fed with a high-fat diet (HFD) for 17 weeks. For the final eight weeks, the HFD group was divided into three groups including HFD, HFD with BAA6 (HFD + BAA6 group), and HFD with Akkermansia muciniphila (AKK) (HFD + AKK group as positive control). The composition of the microbiota, serum lipopolysaccharides (LPS), and mitochondrial biosynthesis and function of epididymal adipose tissues were measured. Compared with the HFD group, body weight, relative fat weight, the relative abundance of Oscillibacter and Bilophila, and serum LPS were significantly decreased in the HFD + BAA6 and HFD + AKK groups (p < 0.05). Furthermore, the addition of BAA6 and AKK increased the expression of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor γ coactivator 1α (PGC-1α) (by 21.53- and 18.51-fold), estrogen-related receptor α (ERRα) (by 2.83- and 1.24-fold), and uncoupling protein-1 (UCP-1) (by 1.51- and 0.60-fold) in epididymal adipose tissues. Our results suggest that BAA6 could improve obesity associated with promoting mitochondrial biogenesis and function of adipose tissues in mice.
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DeJesus RS, Bauer KW, Bradley DP, Haller I, Bradley SM, Schroeder DR, St. Sauver J, Phelan SM, Croghan IT. Experience and expectations of patients on weight loss: The Learning Health System Network Experience. Obes Sci Pract 2019; 5:479-486. [PMID: 31687172 PMCID: PMC6820006 DOI: 10.1002/osp4.364] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2019] [Revised: 07/20/2019] [Accepted: 07/22/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Weight perception and degree of confidence in achieving healthy lifestyle can be determinants of engagement in obesity interventions. This study explored patients' perceived need for weight loss and the degree of self-confidence in ability to lose weight and sought to identify factors associated with patients' self-confidence in ability to lose weight. METHODS The authors analysed data from a survey mailed to primary care patients within five sites of the Learning Health Systems Network that explored participants' prior experience with weight management. RESULTS Among the 2,263 participants who completed the survey section on 'Patients' Experience with Weight Management', perceived need to lose 51 lb or more was statistically significant among those with class III obesity compared with other body mass index (BMI) groups (p value < 0.001). Reported desire to lose weight was also significantly higher among those with the highest BMI than those who were overweight (p value < 0.001). However, this same group had the lowest belief in ability to lose weight (p value < 0.001). In a multiple regression analysis, female gender, higher BMI and need to lose >10 lb were each independently associated with less belief in being able to lose weight. CONCLUSIONS Patients had varying perceptions on weight loss; those with category III obesity had the highest desire to lose weight but had the least confidence in ability to lose weight. Higher BMI, female gender and need to lose >10 lb were associated with decreased self-confidence in ability to lose weight.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - K. W. Bauer
- Department of Nutritional SciencesUniversity of Michigan School of Public HealthAnn ArborMIUSA
| | - D. P. Bradley
- Diabetes and Metabolism Research Center, Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes & Metabolism, Department of Internal MedicineThe Ohio State UniversityColumbusOHUSA
| | - I. Haller
- Essentia Institute of Rural Health, Essential HealthDuluthMNUSA
| | - S. M. Bradley
- Center for Healthcare Delivery InnovationMinneapolis Heart Institute and Minneapolis Heart Institute FoundationMinneapolisMNUSA
| | - D. R. Schroeder
- Department of Health Sciences ResearchMayo ClinicRochesterMNUSA
| | - J. St. Sauver
- Department of Health Sciences ResearchMayo ClinicRochesterMNUSA
- Robert D. and Patricia E. Kern Center for the Science of Health Care DeliveryMayo ClinicRochesterMNUSA
| | - S. M. Phelan
- Department of Health Sciences ResearchMayo ClinicRochesterMNUSA
| | - I. T. Croghan
- Department of MedicineMayo ClinicRochesterMNUSA
- Department of Health Sciences ResearchMayo ClinicRochesterMNUSA
- Robert D. and Patricia E. Kern Center for the Science of Health Care DeliveryMayo ClinicRochesterMNUSA
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The Inhibitory Effect of Cordycepin on the Proliferation of MCF-7 Breast Cancer Cells, and its Mechanism: An Investigation Using Network Pharmacology-Based Analysis. Biomolecules 2019; 9:biom9090407. [PMID: 31450828 PMCID: PMC6770084 DOI: 10.3390/biom9090407] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2018] [Revised: 08/17/2019] [Accepted: 08/21/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Cordyceps militaris is a well-known medicinal mushroom. It is non-toxic and has clinical health benefits including cancer inhibition. However, the anticancer effects of C. militaris cultured in brown rice on breast cancer have not yet been reported. In this study, we simultaneously investigated the anticancer effects of cordycepin and an extract of C. militaris cultured in brown rice on MCF-7 human breast cancer cells using a cell viability assay, cell staining with Hoechst 33342, and an image-based cytometric assay. The C. militaris concentrate exhibited significant MCF-7 cell inhibitory effects, and its IC50 value was 73.48 µg/mL. Cordycepin also exhibited significant MCF-7 cell inhibitory effects, and its IC50 value was 9.58 µM. We applied network pharmacological analysis to predict potential targets and pathways of cordycepin. The gene set enrichment analysis showed that the targets of cordycepin are mainly associated with the hedgehog signaling, apoptosis, p53 signaling, and estrogen signaling pathways. We further verified the predicted targets related to the apoptosis pathway using western blot analysis. The C. militaris concentrate and cordycepin exhibited the ability to induce apoptotic cell death by increasing the cleavage of caspase-7 -8, and -9, increasing the Bax/Bcl-2 protein expression ratio, and decreasing the protein expression of XIAP in MCF-7 cells. Consequently, the C. militaris concentrate and cordycepin exhibited significant anticancer effects through their ability to induce apoptosis in breast cancer cells.
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Zhu K, Tan F, Mu J, Yi R, Zhou X, Zhao X. Anti-Obesity Effects of Lactobacillus fermentum CQPC05 Isolated from Sichuan Pickle in High-Fat Diet-Induced Obese Mice through PPAR-α Signaling Pathway. Microorganisms 2019; 7:microorganisms7070194. [PMID: 31284674 PMCID: PMC6680547 DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms7070194] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2019] [Revised: 06/29/2019] [Accepted: 07/03/2019] [Indexed: 01/21/2023] Open
Abstract
Sichuan pickle is a traditional fermented food in China which is produced by the spontaneous fermentation of Chinese cabbage. In this study, the anti-obesity effects of a new lactic acid bacterium (Lactobacillus fermentum CQPC05, LF-CQPC05) isolated from Sichuan pickles were assessed in vivo. An obese animal model was established in mice by inducing obesity with high-fat diet. Both serum and tissues were collected from the mice, and then subjected to qPCR and Western blot analyses. The results showed that LF-CQPC05 could decrease the values of hepatosomatic, epididymal fat, and perirenal fat indices that were induced by a high-fat diet in mice. Moreover, LF-CQPC05 reduced the levels of alanine aminotransferase (ALT), aspartate aminotransaminase (AST), total cholesterol (TC), triglyceride (TG), and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C), and increased the level of high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) in both serum samples and liver tissues of obese mice fed with a high-fat diet. Pathological observations demonstrated that LF-CQPC05 could alleviate the obesity-induced pathological changes in the liver tissue of mice, and reduce the degree of adipocyte enlargement. The results of qPCR and Western blot analyses further indicated that LF-CQPC05 upregulated the mRNA and protein expression levels of lipoprotein lipase (LPL), PPAR-α: peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-alpha (PPAR-α), (cholesterol 7 alpha-hydroxylase) CYP7A1, and carnitine palmitoyltransferase 1 (CPT1A), and downregulated the expression levels of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-gamma (PPAR-γ) and CCAAT enhancer-binding protein alpha (C/EBP-α) in both liver tissue and epididymal adipose tissue. Taken altogether, this study reveals that LF-CQPC05 can effectively inhibit high-fat diet-induced obesity. Its anti-obesity effect is comparable to that of l-carnitine, and is superior to that of Lactobacillus delbrueckii subsp. bulgaricus, a common strain used in the dairy industry. Therefore, LF-CQPC05 is a high-quality microbial strain with probiotic potential.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kai Zhu
- Chongqing Collaborative Innovation Center for Functional Food, Chongqing University of Education, Chongqing 400067, China
- Children's Research Institute, Chongqing University of Education, Chongqing 400067, China
- Chongqing Engineering Research Center of Functional Food, Chongqing University of Education, Chongqing 400067, China
- Chongqing Engineering Laboratory for Research and Development of Functional Food, Chongqing University of Education, Chongqing 400067, China
| | - Fang Tan
- Department of Public Health, Our Lady of Fatima University, Valenzuela 838, Philippines
| | - Jianfei Mu
- Chongqing Collaborative Innovation Center for Functional Food, Chongqing University of Education, Chongqing 400067, China
- College of Food Science, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China
| | - Ruokun Yi
- Chongqing Collaborative Innovation Center for Functional Food, Chongqing University of Education, Chongqing 400067, China
- Chongqing Engineering Research Center of Functional Food, Chongqing University of Education, Chongqing 400067, China
- Chongqing Engineering Laboratory for Research and Development of Functional Food, Chongqing University of Education, Chongqing 400067, China
| | - Xianrong Zhou
- Chongqing Collaborative Innovation Center for Functional Food, Chongqing University of Education, Chongqing 400067, China
- College of Food Science, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China
| | - Xin Zhao
- Chongqing Collaborative Innovation Center for Functional Food, Chongqing University of Education, Chongqing 400067, China.
- Children's Research Institute, Chongqing University of Education, Chongqing 400067, China.
- Chongqing Engineering Research Center of Functional Food, Chongqing University of Education, Chongqing 400067, China.
- Chongqing Engineering Laboratory for Research and Development of Functional Food, Chongqing University of Education, Chongqing 400067, China.
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Santos HO, Howell S, Teixeira FJ. Beyond tribulus (Tribulus terrestris L.): The effects of phytotherapics on testosterone, sperm and prostate parameters. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2019; 235:392-405. [PMID: 30790614 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2019.02.033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2018] [Revised: 02/17/2019] [Accepted: 02/17/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
ETHNO-PHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Phytotherapeutic approaches have been widely proposed to improve male health. Despite the well-touted effects of tribulus (Tribulus terrestris L) on men's health, an optimal phytotherapy remains an elusive challenge. AIM OF THE REVIEW We sought to critically analyze the evidence in the phytotherapic literature beyond the effects of tribulus on testosterone (T) concentration and sperm analysis to also include indications for prostate health. MATERIALS AND METHODS A focused literature search was conducted to include studies published in Cochrane, Pubmed, and Web of Science databases between the years 2002 and 2018. RESULTS The use of tribulus and maca (Lepidium meyenii Walp, Brassicaceae) were not scientifically supported to improve serum T levels in men. Moderate evidence supports the use of long Jack (Eurycoma longifolia Jack, Simaroubaceae), mucuna (Mucuna pruriens (L.) DC., Fabaceae), ashwagandha (Withania somnifera (L.) Dunal, Solanaceae), fenugreek (Trigonella foenum-graceum L., Fabaceae), and black seeds (Nigella sativa L., Ranunculaceae) to increase total T and improve seminal parameters. Data suggests an increase in total T with the use of 5000 mg/d of powdered mucuna seed and ashwagandha root (151 and 143 ng/dL, respectively) over a 12-week period in patients with oligozoospermia. The use of mucuna was supported for patients with oligozoospermia to improve sperm parameters, with an increase of 83.3 million/mL observed after use of 5000 mg/d of powdered mucuna seed over a 12-week period. Evidence supporting the use of saw palmetto (Serenoa repens, (W.Bartram) Small, Arecaceae) to improve prostate health remains equivocal; whereas, evidence supporting the use of Pygeum africanum Hook.f., Rosaceae, Urtica dioica L., Urticaceae, beta-sitosterols, pollen extract, onion, garlic, and tomato, appears favorable and promising. CONCLUSION Scientific evidence supports the use of mucuna and ashwagandha as phytotherapics for improving serum T concentrations and semen parameters. Despite inconclusive evidence for use of tribulus as a T booster, it may provide advantageous effects on sperm parameters in men with idiopathic infertility. Nutraceutical strategies and some phytotherapics may also be effective to promote prostate health. Popular foodstuffs (onion, garlic, and tomato), nutraceutical agents (pollen extract and beta-sitosterols), and herbal medicines (Pygeum africanum and Urtica dioica) are rational approaches.
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Affiliation(s)
- Heitor O Santos
- School of Medicine, Federal University of Uberlandia (UFU), Uberlandia, Minas Gerais, Brazil.
| | - Scott Howell
- Research Director, Tier 1 Center for Research, Chattanooga, TN, United States
| | - Filipe J Teixeira
- Laboratory of Physiology and Biochemistry of Exercise, Faculty of Human Kinetics, Universidade de Lisboa, Cruz Quebrada, Portugal
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