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Sain J, Scanarotti IG, Gerstner CD, Fariña AC, Lavandera JV, Bernal CA. Enriched functional milk fat ameliorates glucose intolerance and triacylglycerol accumulation in skeletal muscle of rats fed high-fat diets. Eur J Nutr 2023; 62:1535-1550. [PMID: 36708376 DOI: 10.1007/s00394-023-03098-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2022] [Accepted: 01/18/2023] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE We examined the effect of a functional milk fat (FMF) on the glucose metabolism and its association with the intramuscular triacylglycerol (TAG) content in rats fed high-fat diets. METHODS Male Wistar rats were fed for 60 days with S7 (soybean oil 7%), S30 (soybean oil 30%), MF30 (soybean oil 3% + milk fat 27%), or FMF30 (soybean oil 3% + FMF 27%) diets. An oral glucose tolerance test was performed. The levels of key metabolites in gastrocnemius muscle and mRNA levels of genes involved in glucose and lipid metabolism in muscle, epididymal white adipose tissue (EWAT), and serum were assessed. RESULTS The S30 diet induced glucose intolerance and led to TAG, citrate, and glucose accumulation in muscle. Moreover, we observed a downregulation of uncoupling proteins (Ucp2 and Ucp3) and insulin receptor substrate-1 (Irs1) genes, lower carnitine palmitoyl transferase-1b (CPT-1b), and phosphofructokinase-1 (PFK1) activities in muscle and lower expression of adiponectin (Adipoq) in EWAT. The FMF30 diet ameliorated the glucose intolerance and normalized the glucose and TAG levels in muscle, preventing the accumulation of citrate and enhancing glucose utilization by the PFK1. The beneficial effects might also be related to the higher expression of Adipoq in EWAT, its receptor in muscle (Adipor1), and the expression of Ucp2, Ucp3, and Irs1 in muscle, restoring the alterations observed with the S30 diet. CONCLUSIONS FMF30 modulated key genes involved in glucose and lipid metabolism in skeletal muscle, improving the glucose utilization and preventing TAG, glucose, and citrate accumulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juliana Sain
- Cátedra de Bromatología Y Nutrición, Departamento de Ciencias Biológicas, Facultad de Bioquímica Y Ciencias Biológicas, Universidad Nacional del Litoral, C.C. 242. (3000), Santa Fe, Argentina
- Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas Y Técnicas (CONICET), Santa Fe, Argentina
| | - Ignacio Gabriel Scanarotti
- Cátedra de Bromatología Y Nutrición, Departamento de Ciencias Biológicas, Facultad de Bioquímica Y Ciencias Biológicas, Universidad Nacional del Litoral, C.C. 242. (3000), Santa Fe, Argentina
- Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas Y Técnicas (CONICET), Santa Fe, Argentina
| | - Carolina Daniela Gerstner
- Cátedra de Bromatología Y Nutrición, Departamento de Ciencias Biológicas, Facultad de Bioquímica Y Ciencias Biológicas, Universidad Nacional del Litoral, C.C. 242. (3000), Santa Fe, Argentina
| | - Ana Clara Fariña
- Cátedra de Bromatología Y Nutrición, Departamento de Ciencias Biológicas, Facultad de Bioquímica Y Ciencias Biológicas, Universidad Nacional del Litoral, C.C. 242. (3000), Santa Fe, Argentina
- Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas Y Técnicas (CONICET), Santa Fe, Argentina
| | - Jimena Verónica Lavandera
- Cátedra de Bromatología Y Nutrición, Departamento de Ciencias Biológicas, Facultad de Bioquímica Y Ciencias Biológicas, Universidad Nacional del Litoral, C.C. 242. (3000), Santa Fe, Argentina
- Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas Y Técnicas (CONICET), Santa Fe, Argentina
| | - Claudio Adrián Bernal
- Cátedra de Bromatología Y Nutrición, Departamento de Ciencias Biológicas, Facultad de Bioquímica Y Ciencias Biológicas, Universidad Nacional del Litoral, C.C. 242. (3000), Santa Fe, Argentina.
- Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas Y Técnicas (CONICET), Santa Fe, Argentina.
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Bakar MHA, Shahril NSN, Khalid MSFM, Mohammad S, Shariff KA, Karunakaran T, Salleh RM, Rosdi MN. Celastrol alleviates high-fat diet-induced obesity via enhanced muscle glucose utilization and mitochondrial oxidative metabolism-mediated upregulation of pyruvate dehydrogenase complex. Toxicol Appl Pharmacol 2022; 449:116099. [DOI: 10.1016/j.taap.2022.116099] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2022] [Revised: 05/23/2022] [Accepted: 06/01/2022] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
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Fariña AC, Lavandera J, González MA, Bernal CA. Effect of Conjugated Linoleic Acids on Nutritional Status and Lipid Metabolism in Rats Fed Linoleic‐Acid‐Deprived Diets. EUR J LIPID SCI TECH 2019. [DOI: 10.1002/ejlt.201800362] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Ana Clara Fariña
- Cátedra de Bromatología y NutriciónFacultad de Bioquímica y Ciencias BiológicasUniversidad Nacional del LitoralSanta FeC.C. 242Argentina
| | - Jimena Lavandera
- Cátedra de Bromatología y NutriciónFacultad de Bioquímica y Ciencias BiológicasUniversidad Nacional del LitoralSanta FeC.C. 242Argentina
- Centro Científico Tecnológico CONICET Santa FePredio CONICET “Dr. Alberto Cassano”Colectora Ruta Nac. Nº 168, Km. 0Paraje El PozoSanta Fe 3000Argentina
| | - Marcela Aída González
- Cátedra de Bromatología y NutriciónFacultad de Bioquímica y Ciencias BiológicasUniversidad Nacional del LitoralSanta FeC.C. 242Argentina
| | - Claudio Adrián Bernal
- Cátedra de Bromatología y NutriciónFacultad de Bioquímica y Ciencias BiológicasUniversidad Nacional del LitoralSanta FeC.C. 242Argentina
- Centro Científico Tecnológico CONICET Santa FePredio CONICET “Dr. Alberto Cassano”Colectora Ruta Nac. Nº 168, Km. 0Paraje El PozoSanta Fe 3000Argentina
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Martins AR, Crisma AR, Masi LN, Amaral CL, Marzuca-Nassr GN, Bomfim LH, Teodoro BG, Queiroz AL, Serdan TD, Torres RP, Mancini-Filho J, Rodrigues AC, Alba-Loureiro TC, Pithon-Curi TC, Gorjao R, Silveira LR, Curi R, Newsholme P, Hirabara SM. Attenuation of obesity and insulin resistance by fish oil supplementation is associated with improved skeletal muscle mitochondrial function in mice fed a high-fat diet. J Nutr Biochem 2018; 55:76-88. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jnutbio.2017.11.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2017] [Revised: 09/28/2017] [Accepted: 11/14/2017] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
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Walkowiak J, Malikowska K, Glapa A, Bogdański P, Fidler-Witoń E, Szulińska M, Chudzicka-Strugała I, Miśkiewicz-Chotnicka A, Mądry E, Lisowska A. Conjugated linoleic acid does not affect digestion and absorption of fat and starch-a randomized, double-blinded, placebo-controlled parallel study. J Breath Res 2017; 12:016010. [PMID: 28824012 DOI: 10.1088/1752-7163/aa872d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Conjugated linoleic acid (CLA) is known as a potent agent for altering body weight and composition. However, its effect on the process of digestion is still unknown. The aim of this study has been to elucidate the effect of a 3-month supplementation with CLA on starch and fat digestion and absorption in humans. APPROACH The study included 74 obese and overweight adults who were randomized to receive 3.0 g of CLA or sunflower oil as placebo daily for 3 months. Digestion and absorption of fat and starch was assessed using non-invasive breath tests with a stable 13C isotope (cumulative percentage dose recovery, CPDR) before and after the supplementation period. To exclude the effect of oxidation, in addition total energy expenditure (TTE) was measured by a 13C bicarbonate breath test. RESULTS The changes in CPDR values (∆CPDR median 〈interquartile range〉) were no different between subjects from the CLA group and the placebo group (fat: -0.2 〈-9.1-4.1〉 versus 0.6 〈-7.0-8.0〉, p < 0.4796; starch: -1.3 〈-9.5-2.4〉 versus -1.0 〈-5.1-1.7〉, p < 0.5520, respectively). The incidence of negative and positive values of ∆CPDR was no different between groups [for fat: 53.1% versus 46.7%, RR 1.138, (95% CI 0.689-1.882) and for starch: 67.7% versus 56.7%, RR 1.195, (95% CI 0.804-1.777)]. The changes in TTE did not differ between the CLA and the placebo group (respectively 1 〈48; 267〉 versus -8 〈-120;93〉 kcal; p < 0.2728). CONCLUSION Supplementation with CLA for 3 months did not affect fat and starch digestion assessed by 13C mixed triglyceride breath test and 13C starch breath test.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jarosław Walkowiak
- Department of Pediatric Gastroenterology and Metabolic Diseases, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, Poznan, Poland
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Fariña AC, Hirabara S, Sain J, González M, Curi R, Bernal C. Influence of trans fatty acids on glucose metabolism in soleus muscle of rats fed diets enriched in or deprived of linoleic acid. Eur J Nutr 2017; 57:1343-1355. [PMID: 28285433 DOI: 10.1007/s00394-017-1413-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2016] [Accepted: 02/19/2017] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE Industrial trans fatty acid (TFA) intake leads to impaired glucose metabolism. However, the overall effects reported are inconsistent and vary with the dietary FA composition and TFA isomer type and levels. We investigated TFA effects on glucose uptake, incorporation and oxidation, and glycogen synthesis in incubated soleus muscle under basal conditions or after treatment with insulin and/or palmitate. METHODS Male Wistar rats were fed either linoleic acid (LA)-enriched (+LA) or LA-deprived (-LA) diet, supplemented (+LA + TFA or -LA + TFA) or not with TFA, for 60 days. Soleus muscle glucose metabolism was assessed in the absence or presence of insulin and/or palmitic acid. RESULTS Under basal conditions, TFA enhanced glucose uptake and oxidation regardless of the LA status. Both TFA-supplemented groups had lower insulin response to glucose metabolism. Under insulin-stimulated conditions, TFA prevented the palmitate inhibition of muscle glucose uptake and metabolism in the +LA + TFA group. CONCLUSION Dietary TFA enhanced glucose utilization in incubated soleus muscle under basal conditions and prevented the palmitate-induced inhibition in insulin-stimulated conditions. However, TFA reduced the insulin response to glucose uptake and metabolism. The effects mentioned above were influenced by the FA profile modifications induced by the dietary LA levels, suggesting that lipid metabolization and incorporation into plasma membrane are important determining factors of glucose metabolism and insulin sensitivity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ana C Fariña
- Cátedra Bromatología y Nutrición, Facultad de Bioquímica y Ciencias Biológicas, Universidad Nacional del Litoral, C.C. 242, 3000, Santa Fe, Argentina
| | - Sandro Hirabara
- Institute of Physical Activity Sciences and Sports, Cruzeiro do Sul University, Sao Paulo, Brazil
| | - Juliana Sain
- Cátedra Bromatología y Nutrición, Facultad de Bioquímica y Ciencias Biológicas, Universidad Nacional del Litoral, C.C. 242, 3000, Santa Fe, Argentina
- Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET), Santa Fe, Argentina
| | - Marcela González
- Cátedra Bromatología y Nutrición, Facultad de Bioquímica y Ciencias Biológicas, Universidad Nacional del Litoral, C.C. 242, 3000, Santa Fe, Argentina
| | - Rui Curi
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, University of Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, Brazil
- Post-Graduate Program in Human Health Sciences, Biological Sciences and Health Center, Cruzeiro do Sul University, Sao Paulo, Brazil
| | - Claudio Bernal
- Cátedra Bromatología y Nutrición, Facultad de Bioquímica y Ciencias Biológicas, Universidad Nacional del Litoral, C.C. 242, 3000, Santa Fe, Argentina.
- Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET), Santa Fe, Argentina.
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Abreu P, Pinheiro CHJ, Vitzel KF, Vasconcelos DAA, Torres RP, Fortes MS, Marzuca-Nassr GN, Mancini-Filho J, Hirabara SM, Curi R. Contractile function recovery in severely injured gastrocnemius muscle of rats treated with either oleic or linoleic acid. Exp Physiol 2016; 101:1392-1405. [PMID: 27579497 DOI: 10.1113/ep085899] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2016] [Accepted: 08/18/2016] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
NEW FINDINGS What is the central question of this study? Oleic and linoleic acids modulate fibroblast proliferation and myogenic differentiation in vitro. However, their in vivo effects on muscle regeneration have not yet been examined. We investigated the effects of either oleic or linoleic acid on a well-established model of muscle regeneration after severe laceration. What is the main finding and its importance? We found that linoleic acid increases fibrous tissue deposition and impairs muscle regeneration and recovery of contractile function, whereas oleic acid has the opposite effects in severely injured gastrocnemius muscle, suggesting that linoleic acid has a harmful effect and oleic acid a potential therapeutic effect on muscle regeneration. Oleic and linoleic acids control fibroblast proliferation and myogenic differentiation in vitro; however, there was no study in skeletal muscle in vivo. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of either oleic or linoleic acid on the fibrous tissue content (collagen deposition) of muscle and recovery of contractile function in rat gastrocnemius muscle after being severely injured by laceration. Rats were supplemented with either oleic or linoleic acid for 4 weeks after laceration [0.44 g (kg body weight)-1 day-1 ]. Muscle injury led to an increase in oleic-to-stearic acid and palmitoleic-to-palmitic acid ratios, suggesting an increase in Δ9 desaturase activity. Increased fibrous tissue deposition and reduced isotonic and tetanic specific forces and resistance to fatigue were observed in the injured muscle. Supplementation with linoleic acid increased the content of eicosadienoic (20:2, n-6) and arachidonic (20:4, n-6) acids, reduced muscle mass and fibre cross-sectional areas, increased fibrous tissue deposition and further reduced the isotonic and tetanic specific forces and resistance to fatigue induced by laceration. Supplementation with oleic acid increased the content of docosahexaenoic acid (22:6, n-3) and abolished the increase in fibrous tissue area and the decrease in isotonic and tetanic specific forces and resistance to fatigue induced by muscle injury. We concluded that supplementation with linoleic acid impairs muscle regeneration and increases fibrous tissue deposition, resulting in impaired recovery of contractile function. Oleic acid supplementation reduced fibrous tissue deposition and improved recovery of contractile function, attenuating the tissue damage caused by muscle injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Phablo Abreu
- Institute of Biomedical Sciences, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - Carlos H J Pinheiro
- Institute of Biomedical Sciences, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - Kaio F Vitzel
- Institute of Biomedical Sciences, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | | | - Rosângela P Torres
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - Marco S Fortes
- Institute of Biomedical Sciences, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | | | - Jorge Mancini-Filho
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - Sandro M Hirabara
- Institute of Biomedical Sciences, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, SP, Brazil.,Institute of Physical Activity Sciences and Sports, Cruzeiro do Sul University, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - Rui Curi
- Institute of Biomedical Sciences, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, SP, Brazil.
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Medium-chain triglycerides promote macrophage reverse cholesterol transport and improve atherosclerosis in ApoE-deficient mice fed a high-fat diet. Nutr Res 2016; 36:964-973. [DOI: 10.1016/j.nutres.2016.06.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2016] [Revised: 05/24/2016] [Accepted: 06/01/2016] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
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