1
|
Mohamed Azar KAH, Ezhilarasan D, Shree Harini K. Coleus vettiveroides ethanolic root extract induces cytotoxicity by intrinsic apoptosis in HepG2 cells. J Appl Toxicol 2024; 44:245-259. [PMID: 37661188 DOI: 10.1002/jat.4536] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2023] [Revised: 08/08/2023] [Accepted: 08/14/2023] [Indexed: 09/05/2023]
Abstract
Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) contributes to more than 80% of all primary cancers globally and ranks fourth in cancer-related deaths, due to the lack of an effective, definite therapeutic drug. Coleus vettiveroides (CV) has been used in Indian traditional medicine to treat diabetes, liver ailments, skin diseases, leukoderma, and leprosy. This study investigates the anticancer effect of CV ethanolic root extract in HepG2 cells. HepG2 cells were treated with CV extract, and its cytotoxicity was analyzed by MTT assay. AO/EB staining, propidium iodide staining, DCFH-DA assay, phalloidine staining, flow cytometry, and qPCR studies were performed for ROS expression, apoptosis and cell cycle analysis. The phytochemical analysis confirmed the presence of quercetin and galangin in CV root extract. The results showed that CV inhibited the proliferation of HepG2 cells, with altered cellular and nuclear morphology. CV was also found to increase intracellular ROS levels and oxidative stress markers in HepG2 cells. CV significantly altered the actin microfilament distribution in HepG2 cells and caused cell cycle arrest at the sub G0 -G1 phase. CV also induced mitochondria-mediated apoptosis, as evidenced by increased expression of p53, Bax, cytochrome C, Apaf-1, PARP, caspase-3 and caspase-9, and downregulated Bcl-2 expression. Therefore, CV exerts its anticancer effect by inducing mitochondrial dysfunction, oxidative stress, cytoskeletal disorganization, cell cycle arrest, and mitochondria-mediated apoptosis, and it could be a potent therapeutic option for HCC.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kadmad Abdul Hameed Mohamed Azar
- Department of Pharmacology, Koppal Institute of Medical Sciences, Koppal, India
- Department of Pharmacology, Saveetha Dental College, Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences (SIMATS), Chennai, India
| | - Devaraj Ezhilarasan
- Department of Pharmacology, Saveetha Dental College, Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences (SIMATS), Chennai, India
| | - Karthik Shree Harini
- Department of Pharmacology, Saveetha Dental College, Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences (SIMATS), Chennai, India
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Guo T, Wang X, Zhang G, Xia T, Zhu R, Tou J. Dihydromyricetin functions as a tumor suppressor in hepatoblastoma by regulating SOD1/ROS pathway. Front Oncol 2023; 13:1160548. [PMID: 37256172 PMCID: PMC10225683 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2023.1160548] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2023] [Accepted: 04/25/2023] [Indexed: 06/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Hepatoblastoma has an unsatisfactory prognosis, and traditional chemotherapy has strong side effects. Dihydromyricetin is a flavonoid extracted from a woody vine of the genus Serpentine in the family Vitaceae, with effects such as preventing alcoholic liver and reducing the incidence of liver cancer. However, the effect of DHM on hepatoblastoma and its specific pathway are still unclear. Purpose The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of DHM on children's hepatoblastoma and its related mechanisms. Methods CCK-8 assays were used to measure proliferation. Apoptosis and reactive oxygen species (ROS) were analyzed by flow cytometry. Apoptotic cells were observed using Hoechst 33342 staining and fluorescence microscopy. Protein expression levels in HuH-6 and HepG2 cells were determined by western blotting. Results We found that DHM was able to inhibit the growth and increase cellular mortality in HuH-6 and HepG2 cells. Furthermore, DHM decreased the intracellular ROS level and increased the expression of SOD1. ROS scavenger NAC promoted apoptosis, while the use of SOD1 inhibitor LCS-1 weakened the ROS scavenging effect of DHM , and to some extent reduced the killing effect of DHM on hepatoblastoma cells. Conclusion These results suggest that regulating SOD1/ROS pathway to induce apoptosis is one of the potential mechanisms of DHM as a tumor suppressor in hepatoblastoma. Therefore, DHM may be a novel candidate for inhibiting hepatoblastoma growth and deserves further study.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Tong Guo
- Department of Neonatal Surgery, The Children’s Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, National Clinical Research Center for Child Health, Hangzhou, China
| | - Xitong Wang
- National Clinical Research Center for Child Health, The Children’s Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Gensheng Zhang
- National Clinical Research Center for Child Health, The Children’s Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Tian Xia
- National Clinical Research Center for Child Health, The Children’s Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Runzhi Zhu
- National Clinical Research Center for Child Health, The Children’s Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Jinfa Tou
- Department of Neonatal Surgery, The Children’s Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, National Clinical Research Center for Child Health, Hangzhou, China
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Li S, Yin S, Ding H, Shao Y, Zhou S, Pu W, Han L, Wang T, Yu H. Polyphenols as potential metabolism mechanisms regulators in liver protection and liver cancer prevention. Cell Prolif 2023; 56:e13346. [PMID: 36229407 DOI: 10.1111/cpr.13346] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2022] [Revised: 09/19/2022] [Accepted: 09/29/2022] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Liver cancer is one of the common malignancies. The dysregulation of metabolism is a driver of accelerated tumourigenesis. Metabolic changes are well documented to maintain tumour growth, proliferation and survival. Recently, a variety of polyphenols have been shown to have a crucial role both in liver disease prevention and metabolism regulation. METHODS We conducted a literature search and combined recent data with systematic analysis to comprehensively describe the molecular mechanisms that link polyphenols to metabolic regulation and their contribution in liver protection and liver cancer prevention. RESULTS Targeting metabolic dysregulation in organisms prevents and resists the development of liver cancer, which has important implications for identifying new therapeutic strategies for the management and treatment of cancer. Polyphenols are a class of complex compounds composed of multiple phenolic hydroxyl groups and are the main active ingredients of many natural plants. They mediate a broad spectrum of biological and pharmacological functions containing complex lipid metabolism, glucose metabolism, iron metabolism, intestinal flora imbalance, as well as the direct interaction of their metabolites with key cell-signalling proteins. A large number of studies have found that polyphenols affect the metabolism of organisms by interfering with a variety of intracellular signals, thereby protecting the liver and reducing the risk of liver cancer. CONCLUSION This review systematically illustrates that various polyphenols, including resveratrol, chlorogenic acid, caffeic acid, dihydromyricetin, quercetin, catechins, curcumin, etc., improve metabolic disorders through direct or indirect pathways to protect the liver and fight liver cancer.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Shuangfeng Li
- State Key Laboratory of Component-based Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China.,Key Laboratory of Pharmacology of Traditional Chinese Medical Formulae, Ministry of Education, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China.,Haihe Laboratory of Modern Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China
| | - Shuangshuang Yin
- State Key Laboratory of Component-based Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China.,Key Laboratory of Pharmacology of Traditional Chinese Medical Formulae, Ministry of Education, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China.,Haihe Laboratory of Modern Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China
| | - Hui Ding
- State Key Laboratory of Component-based Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China
| | - Yingying Shao
- State Key Laboratory of Component-based Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China.,Key Laboratory of Pharmacology of Traditional Chinese Medical Formulae, Ministry of Education, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China.,Haihe Laboratory of Modern Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China
| | - Shiyue Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Component-based Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China.,Key Laboratory of Pharmacology of Traditional Chinese Medical Formulae, Ministry of Education, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China.,Haihe Laboratory of Modern Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China
| | - Weiling Pu
- State Key Laboratory of Component-based Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China.,Key Laboratory of Pharmacology of Traditional Chinese Medical Formulae, Ministry of Education, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China.,Haihe Laboratory of Modern Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China
| | - Lifeng Han
- State Key Laboratory of Component-based Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China.,Key Laboratory of Pharmacology of Traditional Chinese Medical Formulae, Ministry of Education, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China.,Haihe Laboratory of Modern Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China
| | - Tao Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Component-based Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China.,Key Laboratory of Pharmacology of Traditional Chinese Medical Formulae, Ministry of Education, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China.,Haihe Laboratory of Modern Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China
| | - Haiyang Yu
- State Key Laboratory of Component-based Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China.,Key Laboratory of Pharmacology of Traditional Chinese Medical Formulae, Ministry of Education, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China.,Haihe Laboratory of Modern Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Zhang R, Zhang H, Shi H, Zhang D, Zhang Z, Liu H. Strategic developments in the drug delivery of natural product dihydromyricetin: applications, prospects, and challenges. Drug Deliv 2022; 29:3052-3070. [PMID: 36146939 PMCID: PMC9518266 DOI: 10.1080/10717544.2022.2125601] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022] Open
Abstract
Dihydromyricetin (DHM) is an important natural flavonoid that has attracted much attention because of its various functions such as protecting the cardiovascular system and liver, treating cancer and neurodegenerative diseases, and anti-inflammation effect, etc. Despite its great development potential in pharmacy, DHM has some problems in pharmaceutical applications such as low solubility, permeability, and stability. To settle these issues, extensive research has been carried out on its physicochemical properties and dosage forms to produce all kinds of DHM preparations in the past ten years. In addition, the combined use of DHM with other drugs is a promising strategy to expand the application of DHM. However, although invention patents for DHM preparations have been issued in several countries, the current transformation of DHM research results into market products is insufficient. To date, there is still a lack of deep research into the pharmacokinetics, pharmacodynamics, toxicology, and action mechanism of DHM preparations. Besides, preparations for combined therapy of DHM with other drugs are scarcely reported, which necessitates the development of dosage forms for this application. Apart from medicine, the development of DHM in the food industry is also of great potential. Due to its multiple effects and excellent safety, DHM preparations can be developed for functional drinks and foods. Through this review, we hope to draw more attention to the development potential of DHM and the above challenges and provide valuable references for the research and development of other natural products with a similar structure-activity relationship to this drug.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ruirui Zhang
- School of Pharmacy, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou City, Sichuan, People's Republic of China
| | - Hao Zhang
- School of Pharmacy, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou City, Sichuan, People's Republic of China
| | - Houyin Shi
- Department of Orthopedics, Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou City, Sichuan, People's Republic of China
| | - Dan Zhang
- School of Pharmacy, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou City, Sichuan, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhuo Zhang
- School of Pharmacy, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou City, Sichuan, People's Republic of China
| | - Hao Liu
- School of Pharmacy, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou City, Sichuan, People's Republic of China
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Pro-Apoptotic Effect of Zeolitic Imidazolate Framework-8 (ZIF-8)-Loaded Dihydromyricetin on HepG2 Cells. Molecules 2022; 27:molecules27175484. [PMID: 36080252 PMCID: PMC9458003 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27175484] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2022] [Revised: 08/22/2022] [Accepted: 08/23/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Dihydromyricetin (DHM) has garnered attention due to its promising antitumor activity, but its low bioavailability restricts its clinical application. Thus, developing nano-drug delivery systems could enhance its antitumor activity. We prepared DHM@ZIF-8 nanoparticles using the zeolite imidazole framework-8 (ZIF-8) as a carrier loaded with dihydromyricetin. A series of characterizations were performed, including morphology, particle size, zeta potential, X-single crystal diffraction, ultraviolet spectroscopy, infrared spectroscopy, and Brunauer–Emmett–Teller (BET). The in vitro release characteristics of DHM@ZIF-8 under pH = 5.0 and pH = 7.4 were studied using membrane dialysis. The antitumor activity and pro-apoptotic mechanism of DHM@ZIF-8 were investigated through CCK-8 assay, reactive oxygen species (ROS), Annexin V/PI double-staining, transmission electron microscopy, and Western blot. The results depicted that DHM@ZIF-8 possessed a regular morphology with a particle size of 211.07 ± 9.65 nm (PDI: 0.19 ± 0.06) and a Zeta potential of −28.77 ± 0.67 mV. The 24 h drug releasing rate in PBS solution at pH = 7.4 was 32.08% and at pH = 5.0 was 85.52% in a simulated tumor micro acid environment. DHM@ZIF-8 could significantly enhance the killing effect on HepG2 cells compared to the prodrug. It can effectively remove ROS from the tumor cells, promote apoptosis, and significantly affect the expression of apoptosis-related proteins within tumor cells.
Collapse
|
6
|
Present Status, Challenges, and Prospects of Dihydromyricetin in the Battle against Cancer. Cancers (Basel) 2022; 14:cancers14143487. [PMID: 35884547 PMCID: PMC9317349 DOI: 10.3390/cancers14143487] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2022] [Revised: 07/09/2022] [Accepted: 07/13/2022] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Dihydromyricetin (DHM) is a natural flavonoid compound extracted from Ampelopsis grossedentata that has been used for centuries in traditional Chinese medicine. DHM has attracted intensive attention due to its numerous beneficial activities, such as hepatoprotection, cardioprotection, antioxidant, and anti-inflammation. In addition, DHM inhibits the progression of cancers such as lung cancer, hepatocellular cancer, breast cancer, melanoma, and malignant reproductive systems through multiple mechanisms, including antiangiogenesis, antiproliferation, apoptosis, and inhibition of invasion and migration. Notably, DHM also activates autophagy at different levels, exerting a dual-regulatory effect on cancers. Mechanistically, DHM can effectively regulate mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR), noncoding RNA-mediated signaling, phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase (PI3K)/protein kinase B (Akt) pathway, nuclear factor-κB (NF-κB), p53, and endoplasmic reticulum stress (ER stress)-driven signaling in different types of cancers. DHM has also been shown to have inhibitory effects on various regulators that trigger epithelial–mesenchymal transition (EMT). Furthermore, DHM exhibits a remarkable anticancer reversal ability when used in combination with drugs such as adriamycin, nedaplatin, and other drugs. However, the low bioavailability of DHM limits its potential applications, which are improved through structural modification and the exploration of novel dosage forms. Therefore, DHM may become a promising candidate for treating malignancies alone or combined with conventional anticancer strategies used in clinical practice.
Collapse
|
7
|
Huang CC, Su CW, Wang PH, Lu YT, Ho YT, Yang SF, Hsin CH, Lin CW. Dihydromyricetin inhibits cancer cell migration and matrix metalloproteinases-2 expression in human nasopharyngeal carcinoma through extracellular signal-regulated kinase signaling pathway. ENVIRONMENTAL TOXICOLOGY 2022; 37:1244-1253. [PMID: 35112788 DOI: 10.1002/tox.23480] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2021] [Revised: 01/05/2022] [Accepted: 01/22/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) is endemic in Southeast Asia and the main cause of treatment failure is metastasis. A lot of biological and pharmacological actions of dihydromyricetin (DHM) have been reported such as regulating glucose and anti-cancer effects. The effects of DHM on the cancer invasion and migration of NPC, however, are still unclear. We therefore investigated the in vitro anti-metastatic properties of DHM on three human NPC cell lines (HONE-1, NPC-39, and NPC-BM), as well as the underlying signaling pathways. Our study revealed that DHM could suppress the migration and invasion in NPC cells. Gelatin zymography assay and western blotting assays demonstrated that DHM suppressed the enzyme activity and protein expression of matrix metalloproteinases-2 (MMP-2). Mitogen-activated protein kinases were also investigated to elucidate the signaling pathway, which showed that phosphorylation of extracellular signal-regulated kinase 1 and 2 (ERK1/2) was inhibited after the treatment of DHM. In conclusion, our data revealed that DHM inhibited the migration and invasion of NPC cells by suppressing the expression of MMP-2 via down regulating the ERK1/2 signaling pathway.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Cheng-Chen Huang
- Institute of Medicine, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
- Department of Otolaryngology, Chung Shan Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Chun-Wen Su
- Institute of Medicine, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
- Department of Medical Research, Chung Shan Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Po-Hui Wang
- Institute of Medicine, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Chung Shan Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Yen-Ting Lu
- Institute of Medicine, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
- Department of Otolaryngology, Chung Shan Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
- Department of Otolaryngology, St. Martin De Porres Hospital, Chiayi, Taiwan
| | - Yu-Ting Ho
- Institute of Medicine, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
- Department of Medical Research, Chung Shan Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Shun-Fa Yang
- Institute of Medicine, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
- Department of Medical Research, Chung Shan Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Chung-Han Hsin
- Department of Otolaryngology, Chung Shan Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
- School of Medicine, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Chiao-Wen Lin
- Institute of Oral Sciences, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
- Department of Dentistry, Chung Shan Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Zhou X, Song Y, Zeng C, Zhang H, Lv C, Shi M, Qin S. Molecular Mechanism Underlying the Regulatory Effect of Vine Tea on Metabolic Syndrome by Targeting Redox Balance and Gut Microbiota. Front Nutr 2022; 9:802015. [PMID: 35252293 PMCID: PMC8891217 DOI: 10.3389/fnut.2022.802015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2021] [Accepted: 01/17/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Metabolic syndrome (MS) is a metabolic disorder that arises from the increasing prevalence of obesity. The pathophysiology seems to be largely attributable to the imbalance of lipid and glucose metabolism, redox signaling pathways, and gut microbiota. The increased syndromes, such as type 2 diabetes and cardiovascular disease demands natural therapeutic attention for those at high risk. Vine tea, as a traditional medicinal and edible resource rich in flavonoids, especially for dihydromyricetin (DHM), exhibits promising health benefits on the intervention of MS, but the specific molecular mechanism has not been systematically elucidated. The present article aims to summarize the regulatory effects and biological targets of vine tea or DHM on MS, and analyze the underlying potential molecular mechanisms in cells, animals, and humans, mainly by regulating the redox associated signaling pathways, such as Nrf2, NF-κB, PI3K/IRS2/AKT, AMPK-PGC1α-SIRT1, SIRT3 pathways, and the crosstalk among them, and by targeting several key biomarkers. Moreover, vine tea extract or DHM has a positive impact on the modulation of intestinal microecology by upregulating the ratio of Firmicutes/Bacteroidetes (F/B) and increasing the relative abundance of Akkermansia muciniphila. Therefore, this review updated the latest important theoretical basis and molecular evidence for the development and application of vine tea in dietary functional products or drugs against MS and also imputed the future perspectives to clarify the deep mechanism among vine tea or DHM, redox associated signaling pathways, and gut microbiota.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xixin Zhou
- Department of Biological Sciences, College of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, China
| | - Ying Song
- Department of Biological Sciences, College of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, China
| | - Chaoxi Zeng
- Lab of Food Function and Nutrigenomics, College of Food Science and Technology, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, China
| | - Haowei Zhang
- Lab of Food Function and Nutrigenomics, College of Food Science and Technology, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, China
| | - Chenghao Lv
- Department of Biological Sciences, College of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, China
- Lab of Food Function and Nutrigenomics, College of Food Science and Technology, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, China
| | - Meng Shi
- Lab of Food Function and Nutrigenomics, College of Food Science and Technology, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, China
- *Correspondence: Meng Shi
| | - Si Qin
- Department of Biological Sciences, College of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, China
- Lab of Food Function and Nutrigenomics, College of Food Science and Technology, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, China
- Si Qin
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Wrońska N, Szlaur M, Zawadzka K, Lisowska K. The Synergistic Effect of Triterpenoids and Flavonoids-New Approaches for Treating Bacterial Infections? MOLECULES (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2022; 27:molecules27030847. [PMID: 35164112 PMCID: PMC8838219 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27030847] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2021] [Revised: 01/21/2022] [Accepted: 01/25/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Currently, the pharmaceutical industry is well-developed, and a large number of chemotherapeutics are being produced. These include antibacterial substances, which can be used in treating humans and animals suffering from bacterial infections, and as animal growth promoters in the agricultural industry. As a result of the excessive use of antibiotics and emerging resistance amongst bacteria, new antimicrobial drugs are needed. Due to the increasing trend of using natural, ecological, and safe products, there is a special need for novel phytocompounds. The compounds analysed in the present study include two triterpenoids ursolic acid (UA) and oleanolic acid (OA) and the flavonoid dihydromyricetin (DHM). All the compounds displayed antimicrobial activity against Gram-positive (Staphylococcus aureus ATCC 6538, Staphylococcus epidermidis ATCC 12228, and Listeria monocytogenes ATCC 19115) and Gram-negative bacteria (Escherichia coli ATCC 25922, Proteus hauseri ATCC 15442, and Campylobacter jejuni ATCC 33560) without adverse effects on eukaryotic cells. Both the triterpenoids showed the best antibacterial potential against the Gram-positive strains. They showed synergistic activity against all the tested microorganisms, and a bactericidal effect with the combination OA with UA against both Staphylococcus strains. In addition, the synergistic action of DHM, UA, and OA was reported for the first time in this study. Our results also showed that combination with triterpenoids enhanced the antimicrobial potential of DHM.
Collapse
|
10
|
Zhang H, Caprioli G, Hussain H, Khoi Le NP, Farag MA, Xiao J. A multifaceted review on dihydromyricetin resources, extraction, bioavailability, biotransformation, bioactivities, and food applications with future perspectives to maximize its value. EFOOD 2021. [DOI: 10.53365/efood.k/143518] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Natural bioactive compounds present a better alternative to prevent and treat chronic diseases owing to their lower toxicity and abundant resources. (+)-Dihydromyricetin (DMY) is a flavanonol, possessing numerous interesting bioactivities with abundant resources. This review provides a comprehensive overview of the recent advances in DMY natural resources, stereoisomerism, physicochemical properties, extraction, biosynthesis, pharmacokinetics, and biotransformation. Stereoisomerism of DMY should be considered for better indication of its efficacy. Biotechnological approach presents a potential tool for the production of DMY using microbial cell factories. DMY high instability is related to its powerful antioxidant capacity due to pyrogallol moiety in ring B, and whether preparation of other analogues could demonstrate improved properties. DMY demonstrates poor bioavailability based on its low solubility and permeability with several attempts to improve its pharmacokinetics and efficacy. DMY possesses various pharmacological effects, which have been proven by many in vitro and in vivo experiments, while clinical trials are rather scarce, with underlying action mechanisms remaining unclear. Consequently, to maximize the usefulness of DMY in nutraceuticals, improvement in bioavailability, and better understanding of its actions mechanisms and drug interactions ought to be examined in the future along with more clinical evidence.
Collapse
|
11
|
Zhao Y, Liu X, Ding C, Gu Y, Liu W. Dihydromyricetin Reverses Thioacetamide-Induced Liver Fibrosis Through Inhibiting NF-κB-Mediated Inflammation and TGF-β1-Regulated of PI3K/Akt Signaling Pathway. Front Pharmacol 2021; 12:783886. [PMID: 34867416 PMCID: PMC8634482 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2021.783886] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2021] [Accepted: 10/27/2021] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
As a natural active substance, dihydromyricetin (DHM) has been proven to have good hepatoprotective activity. However, the therapeutic effect of DHM on liver fibrosis, which has become a liver disease threatening the health of people around the world, has not been studied to date. The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of DHM as a new nutritional supplement on thioacetamide (TAA)-induced liver fibrosis. The liver fibrosis model was established by intraperitoneal injection of TAA (200 mg/kg, every 3 days) for 8 weeks, and oral administration of DHM (20 mg/kg and 40 mg/kg, daily) after 4 weeks of TAA-induced liver fibrosis. The results showed that DHM treatment significantly inhibited the activities of alanine aminotransferase (ALT) (37.81 ± 7.62 U/L) and aspartate aminotransferase (AST) (55.18 ± 10.94 U/L) in serum of liver fibrosis mice, and increased the levels of superoxide dismutase (SOD) and glutathione (GSH) while reversed the level of malondialdehyde (MDA). In addition, histopathological examination illustrated that TAA induced the inflammatory infiltration, apoptosis and fibroatherosclerotic deposition in liver, which was further confirmed by western-blot and immunofluorescence staining. Moreover, DHM inhibited hepatocyte apoptosis by regulating the phosphorylation level of phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase (PI3K), protein kinase-B (AKT) and its downstream apoptotic protein family. Interestingly, immunofluorescence staining showed that DHM treatment significantly inhibited alpha smooth muscle actin (α-SMA), which was a marker of hepatic stellate cell activation, and regulated the expression of transforming growth factor (TGF-β1). Importantly, supplementation with DHM significantly inhibited the release of nuclear factor kappa-B (NF-κB) signaling pathway and pro-inflammatory factors in liver tissue induced by TAA, and improved liver fiber diseases, such as tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α) and recombinant rat IL-1β (IL-1β). In conclusion, the evidence of this study revealed that DHM is a potential hepatoprotective and health factor, and which also provides the possibility for the treatment of liver fibrosis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yingchun Zhao
- College of Chinese Medicinal Materials, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, China
| | - Xinglong Liu
- College of Chinese Medicinal Materials, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, China
| | - Chuanbo Ding
- College of Chinese Medicinal Materials, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, China
| | - Yan Gu
- College of Agriculture, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, China
| | - Wencong Liu
- College of Chinese Medicinal Materials, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, China.,National and Local Joint Engineering Research Center for Ginseng Breeding and Development, Changchun, China
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Feng L, Que D, Li Z, Zhong X, Yan J, Wei J, Zhang X, Yang P, Ou C, Chen M. Dihydromyricetin ameliorates vascular calcification in chronic kidney disease by targeting AKT signaling. Clin Sci (Lond) 2021; 135:2483-2502. [PMID: 34643227 DOI: 10.1042/cs20210259] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2021] [Revised: 10/08/2021] [Accepted: 10/12/2021] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
Vascular calcification is highly prevalent in chronic kidney disease (CKD), and is characterized by transdifferentiation from contractile vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs) into an osteogenic phenotype. However, no effective and therapeutic option to prevent vascular calcification is yet available. Dihydromyricetin (DMY), a bioactive flavonoid isolated from Ampelopsis grossedentata, has been found to inhibit VSMCs proliferation and the injury-induced neointimal formation. However, whether DMY has an effect on osteogenic differentiation of VSMCs and vascular calcification is still unclear. In the present study, we sought to investigate the effect of DMY on vascular calcification in CKD and the underlying mechanism. DMY treatment significantly attenuated calcium/phosphate-induced calcification of rat and human VSMCs in a dose-dependent manner, as shown by Alizarin Red S staining and calcium content assay, associated with down-regulation of osteogenic markers including type I collagen (COL I), Runt-related transcription factor 2 (RUNX2), bone morphogenetic protein 2 (BMP2) and osteocalcin (OCN). These results were further confirmed in aortic rings ex vivo. Moreover, DMY ameliorated vascular calcification in rats with CKD. Additionally, we found that AKT signaling was activated during vascular calcification, whereas significantly inhibited by DMY administration. DMY treatment significantly reversed AKT activator-induced vascular calcification. Furthermore, inhibition of AKT signaling efficiently attenuated calcification, which was similar to that after treatment with DMY alone, and DMY had a better inhibitory effect on calcification as compared with AKT inhibitor. The present study demonstrated that DMY has a potent inhibitory role in vascular calcification partially by inhibiting AKT activation, suggesting that DMY may act as a promising therapeutic candidate for patients suffering from vascular calcification.
Collapse
MESH Headings
- Animals
- Aorta/drug effects
- Aorta/enzymology
- Aorta/pathology
- Aortic Diseases/enzymology
- Aortic Diseases/etiology
- Aortic Diseases/pathology
- Aortic Diseases/prevention & control
- Cells, Cultured
- Disease Models, Animal
- Flavonols/pharmacology
- Humans
- Male
- Muscle, Smooth, Vascular/drug effects
- Muscle, Smooth, Vascular/enzymology
- Muscle, Smooth, Vascular/pathology
- Myocytes, Smooth Muscle/drug effects
- Myocytes, Smooth Muscle/enzymology
- Myocytes, Smooth Muscle/pathology
- Osteogenesis/drug effects
- Phosphorylation
- Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-akt/genetics
- Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-akt/metabolism
- Rats, Sprague-Dawley
- Renal Insufficiency, Chronic/complications
- Renal Insufficiency, Chronic/drug therapy
- Renal Insufficiency, Chronic/enzymology
- Renal Insufficiency, Chronic/pathology
- Signal Transduction
- Vascular Calcification/enzymology
- Vascular Calcification/etiology
- Vascular Calcification/pathology
- Vascular Calcification/prevention & control
- Rats
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Liyun Feng
- Department of Cardiology, Laboratory of Heart Center, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, P.R. China
- Guangdong Provincial Biomedical Engineering Technology Research Center for Cardiovascular Disease, Guangzhou, P.R. China
- Sino-Japanese Cooperation Platform for Translational Research in Heart Failure, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, P.R. China
| | - Dongdong Que
- Department of Cardiology, Laboratory of Heart Center, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, P.R. China
- Guangdong Provincial Biomedical Engineering Technology Research Center for Cardiovascular Disease, Guangzhou, P.R. China
- Sino-Japanese Cooperation Platform for Translational Research in Heart Failure, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, P.R. China
| | - Zehua Li
- Department of Cardiology, Laboratory of Heart Center, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, P.R. China
- Guangdong Provincial Biomedical Engineering Technology Research Center for Cardiovascular Disease, Guangzhou, P.R. China
- Sino-Japanese Cooperation Platform for Translational Research in Heart Failure, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, P.R. China
| | - Xinglong Zhong
- Department of Cardiology, Laboratory of Heart Center, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, P.R. China
- Guangdong Provincial Biomedical Engineering Technology Research Center for Cardiovascular Disease, Guangzhou, P.R. China
- Sino-Japanese Cooperation Platform for Translational Research in Heart Failure, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, P.R. China
| | - Jing Yan
- Department of Cardiology, Laboratory of Heart Center, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, P.R. China
- Guangdong Provincial Biomedical Engineering Technology Research Center for Cardiovascular Disease, Guangzhou, P.R. China
- Sino-Japanese Cooperation Platform for Translational Research in Heart Failure, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, P.R. China
| | - Jintao Wei
- Department of Cardiology, Laboratory of Heart Center, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, P.R. China
- Guangdong Provincial Biomedical Engineering Technology Research Center for Cardiovascular Disease, Guangzhou, P.R. China
- Sino-Japanese Cooperation Platform for Translational Research in Heart Failure, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, P.R. China
| | - Xiuli Zhang
- Department of Cardiology, Laboratory of Heart Center, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, P.R. China
- Guangdong Provincial Biomedical Engineering Technology Research Center for Cardiovascular Disease, Guangzhou, P.R. China
- Sino-Japanese Cooperation Platform for Translational Research in Heart Failure, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, P.R. China
| | - Pingzhen Yang
- Department of Cardiology, Laboratory of Heart Center, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, P.R. China
- Guangdong Provincial Biomedical Engineering Technology Research Center for Cardiovascular Disease, Guangzhou, P.R. China
- Sino-Japanese Cooperation Platform for Translational Research in Heart Failure, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, P.R. China
| | - Caiwen Ou
- Department of Cardiology, Laboratory of Heart Center, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, P.R. China
- Guangdong Provincial Biomedical Engineering Technology Research Center for Cardiovascular Disease, Guangzhou, P.R. China
- Sino-Japanese Cooperation Platform for Translational Research in Heart Failure, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, P.R. China
| | - Minsheng Chen
- Department of Cardiology, Laboratory of Heart Center, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, P.R. China
- Guangdong Provincial Biomedical Engineering Technology Research Center for Cardiovascular Disease, Guangzhou, P.R. China
- Sino-Japanese Cooperation Platform for Translational Research in Heart Failure, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, P.R. China
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
PKI-587 enhances radiosensitization of hepatocellular carcinoma by inhibiting the PI3K/AKT/mTOR pathways and DNA damage repair. PLoS One 2021; 16:e0258817. [PMID: 34665844 PMCID: PMC8525768 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0258817] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2021] [Accepted: 10/05/2021] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Radiation is an important therapeutic strategy for hepatocellular (HCC). In this study, we evaluated the role of the dual PI3K/mTOR inhibitor, PKI-587, on radiosensitization of HCC and its possible mechanism. MTT, colony formation, flow cytometry, and immunofluorescence were used to analyze the proliferation, cell cycle, formation of residual γ-H2AX foci, and apoptosis of HCC cells. A SK-Hep1 xenograft HCC model was used to assess the effects of PKI-587 in combination with ionizing radiation in vivo. The activation levels of PI3K/AKT/mTOR and DNA damage repair pathways and their downstream effector molecules were detected with Western blot. It was found that PKI-587 sensitized HCC cells to radiation by increasing DNA damage, enhancing G0/G1 cell-cycle arrest, and inducing apoptosis. In vivo, the combination of radiation with PKI-587 significantly inhibited tumor growth. These findings suggest the usefulness of PKI-587 on radiosensitization of HCC cells by inhibiting the PI3K/AKT/mTOR and DNA damage repair pathways. The combination of ionizing radiation and PKI-587 may be a strategy to improve the efficacy of treating HCC.
Collapse
|
14
|
Zhang Q, Zhao Y, Zhang M, Zhang Y, Ji H, Shen L. Recent advances in research on vine tea, a potential and functional herbal tea with dihydromyricetin and myricetin as major bioactive compounds. J Pharm Anal 2021; 11:555-563. [PMID: 34765268 PMCID: PMC8572699 DOI: 10.1016/j.jpha.2020.10.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2020] [Revised: 10/07/2020] [Accepted: 10/12/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Vine tea has been used as an herbal tea by several ethnic minorities for hundreds of years in China. Flavonoids, a kind of indispensable component in a variety of nutraceutical, pharmaceutical and cosmetic applications, are identified to be the major metabolites and bioactive ingredients in vine tea. Interestingly, vine tea exhibits a wide range of significant bioactivities including anti-oxidant, anti-inflammatory, anti-tumor, antidiabetic, neuroprotective and other activities, but no toxicity. These bioactivities, to some extent, enrich the understanding about the role of vine tea in disease prevention and therapy. The health benefits of vine tea, particularly dihydromyricetin and myricetin, are widely investigated. However, there is currently no comprehensive review available on vine tea. Therefore, this report summarizes the most recent studies investigating bioactive constituents, pharmacological effects and possible mechanisms of vine tea, which will provide a better understanding about the health benefits and preclinical assessment of novel application of vine tea.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Qili Zhang
- College of Life Sciences, Shandong University of Technology, Zibo, Shandong 255000, China
| | - Yanfang Zhao
- College of Life Sciences, Shandong University of Technology, Zibo, Shandong 255000, China
| | - Meiyan Zhang
- Department of Pharmacy, The First Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, Hebei 050000, China
| | - Yalu Zhang
- Department of Pharmacy, The Affiliated Hospital of Jining Medical College, Jining, Shandong 272100, China
| | - Hongfang Ji
- College of Life Sciences, Shandong University of Technology, Zibo, Shandong 255000, China
| | - Liang Shen
- College of Life Sciences, Shandong University of Technology, Zibo, Shandong 255000, China
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
Chen J, Wang X, Xia T, Bi Y, Liu B, Fu J, Zhu R. Molecular mechanisms and therapeutic implications of dihydromyricetin in liver disease. Biomed Pharmacother 2021; 142:111927. [PMID: 34339914 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2021.111927] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2021] [Revised: 07/04/2021] [Accepted: 07/12/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Recent studies demonstrated that dihydromyricetin (DHM) has prominent therapeutic effects on liver injury and liver cancer. By summarizing the current preclinical in vitro and in vivo studies, the present review examines the preventive and therapeutic effects of DHM on liver disorders as well as its potential mechanisms. Briefly, in both chemical- and alcohol-induced liver injury models, DHM ameliorates hepatocyte necrosis and steatosis while promoting liver regeneration. In addition, DHM can alleviate nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) via regulating lipid/glucose metabolism, probably due to its anti-inflammatory or sirtuins-dependent mechanisms. Furthermore, DHM treatment inhibits cell proliferation, induces apoptosis and autophagy and regulates redox balance in liver cancer cells, thus exhibiting remarkable anti-cancer effects. The pharmacological mechanisms of DHM may be associated with its anti-inflammatory, anti-oxidative and apoptosis-regulatory benefits. With the accumulating interests in utilizing natural products to target common diseases, our work aims to improve the understanding of DHM acting as a novel drug candidate for liver diseases and to accelerate its translation from bench to bedside.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jingnan Chen
- The Children's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, National Clinical Research Center for Child Health, China; Department of Endocrinology, Children's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, China
| | - Xitong Wang
- The Children's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, National Clinical Research Center for Child Health, China; Laboratory of Hepatobiliary Surgery, The Affiliated Hospital of Guangdong Medical University, China
| | - Tian Xia
- The Children's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, National Clinical Research Center for Child Health, China; Laboratory of Hepatobiliary Surgery, The Affiliated Hospital of Guangdong Medical University, China
| | - Yanhua Bi
- The Children's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, National Clinical Research Center for Child Health, China
| | - Bin Liu
- Laboratory of Hepatobiliary Surgery, The Affiliated Hospital of Guangdong Medical University, China.
| | - Junfen Fu
- The Children's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, National Clinical Research Center for Child Health, China; Department of Endocrinology, Children's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, China.
| | - Runzhi Zhu
- The Children's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, National Clinical Research Center for Child Health, China; Laboratory of Hepatobiliary Surgery, The Affiliated Hospital of Guangdong Medical University, China; Cancer Center, Zhejiang University, China.
| |
Collapse
|
16
|
Hu Y, Wang Y, Li N, Chen L, Sun J. Discovery of novel dihydroartemisinin-cinnamic hybrids inducing lung cancer cells apoptosis via inhibition of Akt/Bad signal pathway. Bioorg Chem 2021; 111:104903. [PMID: 33894433 DOI: 10.1016/j.bioorg.2021.104903] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2021] [Revised: 04/06/2021] [Accepted: 04/07/2021] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
A series of dihydroartemisinin-cinnamic acid hybrids were designed, synthesized and evaluated. Most of the tested compounds showed enhanced anti-proliferative activities than artemisinin and dihydroartemisinin, among which 16 g had the superior potency with IC50 values ranging from 5.07 μM to 7.88 μM against four tested cancer cell lines. The cell cycle arrest revealed that 16 g induced A549 cell cycle arrest at G0/G1 phase via regulation of G1-related protein expression (Cdk4). Further mechanism studies reveal that 16 g induced A549 cells apoptosis via inhibiting Akt/Bad pathway. Moreover, 16 g depolarized the mitochondria membrane potentials and induced ROS generation in A549. Additionally, 16 g blocked migration of A549 cells in a concentration-dependent manner. What's more, 16 g is barely nontoxic to zebrafish embryos. Overall, the cell cycle arrest, inhibition of Akt/Bad signal pathway, ROS generation and migration blocked might explain the potent anti-proliferative activities of these compounds.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yanping Hu
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, Department of Natural Medicinal Chemistry, School of Traditional Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, 24 Tong Jia Xiang, Nanjing 210009, People's Republic of China
| | - Yujin Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, Department of Natural Medicinal Chemistry, School of Traditional Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, 24 Tong Jia Xiang, Nanjing 210009, People's Republic of China
| | - Na Li
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, Department of Natural Medicinal Chemistry, School of Traditional Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, 24 Tong Jia Xiang, Nanjing 210009, People's Republic of China
| | - Li Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, Department of Natural Medicinal Chemistry, School of Traditional Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, 24 Tong Jia Xiang, Nanjing 210009, People's Republic of China.
| | - Jianbo Sun
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, Department of Natural Medicinal Chemistry, School of Traditional Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, 24 Tong Jia Xiang, Nanjing 210009, People's Republic of China.
| |
Collapse
|
17
|
Dihydromyricetin Acts as a Potential Redox Balance Mediator in Cancer Chemoprevention. Mediators Inflamm 2021; 2021:6692579. [PMID: 33776577 PMCID: PMC7979283 DOI: 10.1155/2021/6692579] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2020] [Revised: 02/11/2021] [Accepted: 02/27/2021] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Dihydromyricetin (DHM) is a flavonoid extracted from the leaves and stems of the edible plant Ampelopsis grossedentata that has been used for Chinese Traditional Medicine. It has attracted considerable attention from consumers due to its beneficial properties including anticancer, antioxidative, and anti-inflammatory activities. Continuous oxidative stress caused by intracellular redox imbalance can lead to chronic inflammation, which is intimately associated with the initiation, promotion, and progression of cancer. DHM is considered a potential redox regulator for chronic disease prevention, and its biological activities are abundantly evaluated by using diverse cell and animal models. However, clinical investigations are still scanty. This review summarizes the current potential chemopreventive effects of DHM, including its properties such as anticancer, antioxidative, and anti-inflammatory activities, and further discusses the underlying molecular mechanisms of DHM in cancer chemoprevention by targeting redox balance and influencing the gut microbiota.
Collapse
|
18
|
Zhao Y, Coulson EJ, Su X, Zhang J, Sha B, Xu H, Deng Y, Chen Y, Cao J, Wang Y, Wang S. Identification of 14-3-3 epsilon as a regulator of the neural apoptotic pathway for chronic-stress-induced depression. iScience 2021; 24:102043. [PMID: 33537655 PMCID: PMC7840470 DOI: 10.1016/j.isci.2021.102043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2020] [Revised: 12/14/2020] [Accepted: 01/05/2021] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Major depression is a prevalent and long-lasting psychiatric illness with severe functional impairment and high suicide rate. We have previously shown that the ventrolateral orbital cortex (VLO) plays a key role in the stress responses in mice, but the underlying mechanisms remains unclear. Here, we used proteomic method to identify differentially expressed proteins in VLO of chronic unpredictable mild stress (CUMS) mice. Of 4,953 quantified proteins, 45 proteins were differentially expressed following CUMS. The integrated pathway analyses identified 14-3-3ε and TrkB signaling as differentially downregulated in association with stress-induced depressive-like behaviors. 14-3-3ε overexpression in VLO relieved the depressive-like behaviors by rescue of Bad-mediated apoptosis. Moreover, treatment with the 14-3-3ε stabilizer FC-A precluded neuronal apoptotic signaling in VLO of depressed mice. Because 14-3-3ε provides significant protection against chronic stress, boosting 14-3-3ε expression, pharmacological stabilization of 14-3-3s (e.g. with FC-A) is identified as an exciting therapeutic target for major depression. Novel screening of chronic mild stress-induced depression phenotypes in mice Proteomics identify 14-3-3ε as a key modulator of depressive behaviors in VLO 14-3-3ε partially reversed depressive behaviors through neural apoptotic pathway 14-3-3ε stabilizer FC-A ameliorates depression phenotypes after chronic mild stress
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yan Zhao
- Institute of Basic Medicine Science & Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Brain Disorders, Xi'an Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710021, China
| | - Elizabeth J Coulson
- School of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Queensland Brain Institute, the University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD 4072, Australia
| | - Xingli Su
- Institute of Basic Medicine Science & Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Brain Disorders, Xi'an Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710021, China
| | - Junfeng Zhang
- Institute of Basic Medicine Science & Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Brain Disorders, Xi'an Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710021, China
| | - Baoyong Sha
- Institute of Basic Medicine Science & Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Brain Disorders, Xi'an Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710021, China
| | - Hao Xu
- Institute of Basic Medicine Science & Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Brain Disorders, Xi'an Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710021, China
| | - Yating Deng
- Institute of Basic Medicine Science & Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Brain Disorders, Xi'an Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710021, China
| | - Yulong Chen
- Institute of Basic and Translational Medicine, Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Ischemic Cardiovascular Disease, Xi'an Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710021, China
| | - Jian Cao
- Institute of Basic Medicine Science & Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Brain Disorders, Xi'an Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710021, China
| | - Yunpeng Wang
- College of Forensic Science, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710061, China
| | - Shuang Wang
- Institute of Basic Medicine Science & Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Brain Disorders, Xi'an Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710021, China
| |
Collapse
|
19
|
Natural Products Targeting the Mitochondria in Cancers. Molecules 2020; 26:molecules26010092. [PMID: 33379233 PMCID: PMC7795732 DOI: 10.3390/molecules26010092] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2020] [Revised: 12/23/2020] [Accepted: 12/25/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
There are abundant sources of anticancer drugs in nature that have a broad prospect in anticancer drug discovery. Natural compounds, with biological activities extracted from plants and marine and microbial metabolites, have significant antitumor effects, but their mechanisms are various. In addition to providing energy to cells, mitochondria are involved in processes, such as cell differentiation, cell signaling, and cell apoptosis, and they have the ability to regulate cell growth and cell cycle. Summing up recent data on how natural products regulate mitochondria is valuable for the development of anticancer drugs. This review focuses on natural products that have shown antitumor effects via regulating mitochondria. The search was done in PubMed, Web of Science, and Google Scholar databases, over a 5-year period, between 2015 and 2020, with a keyword search that focused on natural products, natural compounds, phytomedicine, Chinese medicine, antitumor, and mitochondria. Many natural products have been studied to have antitumor effects on different cells and can be further processed into useful drugs to treat cancer. In the process of searching for valuable new drugs, natural products such as terpenoids, flavonoids, saponins, alkaloids, coumarins, and quinones cover the broad space.
Collapse
|
20
|
Fan X, Zeng Y, Fan Z, Cui L, Song W, Wu Q, Gao Y, Yang D, Mao X, Zeng B, Zhang M, Ni Q, Li Y, Wang T, Li D, Yang M. Dihydromyricetin promotes longevity and activates the transcription factors FOXO and AOP in Drosophila. Aging (Albany NY) 2020; 13:460-476. [PMID: 33291074 PMCID: PMC7835053 DOI: 10.18632/aging.202156] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2020] [Accepted: 07/20/2020] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Drugs or compounds have been shown to promote longevity in various approaches. We used Drosophila to explore novel natural compounds can be applied to anti-aging. Here we reported that a flavonoid named Dihydromyricetin can increase stress that tolerance and lipid levels, slow down gut dysfunction and extend Drosophila lifespan. Dihydromyricetin can also lessen pERK and pAKT signaling, consequently activating FOXO and AOP to modulate longevity. Our results suggested that DHM could be used as an effective compound for anti-aging intervention, which could likely be applied to both mammals and humans.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xiaolan Fan
- Institute of Animal Genetics and Breeding, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, Sichuan, P. R. China.,Farm Animal Genetic Resources Exploration and Innovation Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Yao Zeng
- Institute of Animal Genetics and Breeding, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, Sichuan, P. R. China
| | - Ziqiang Fan
- Institute of Animal Genetics and Breeding, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, Sichuan, P. R. China
| | - Liang Cui
- Institute of Animal Genetics and Breeding, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, Sichuan, P. R. China
| | - Wenhao Song
- Institute of Animal Genetics and Breeding, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, Sichuan, P. R. China
| | - Qi Wu
- Institute of Animal Genetics and Breeding, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, Sichuan, P. R. China
| | - Yue Gao
- Institute of Animal Genetics and Breeding, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, Sichuan, P. R. China
| | - Deying Yang
- Institute of Animal Genetics and Breeding, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, Sichuan, P. R. China.,Farm Animal Genetic Resources Exploration and Innovation Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Xueping Mao
- Institute of Animal Genetics and Breeding, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, Sichuan, P. R. China.,Farm Animal Genetic Resources Exploration and Innovation Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Bo Zeng
- Institute of Animal Genetics and Breeding, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, Sichuan, P. R. China.,Farm Animal Genetic Resources Exploration and Innovation Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Mingwang Zhang
- Institute of Animal Genetics and Breeding, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, Sichuan, P. R. China.,Farm Animal Genetic Resources Exploration and Innovation Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Qingyong Ni
- Institute of Animal Genetics and Breeding, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, Sichuan, P. R. China.,Farm Animal Genetic Resources Exploration and Innovation Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Yan Li
- Institute of Animal Genetics and Breeding, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, Sichuan, P. R. China.,Farm Animal Genetic Resources Exploration and Innovation Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Tao Wang
- Institute of Animal Genetics and Breeding, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, Sichuan, P. R. China.,Farm Animal Genetic Resources Exploration and Innovation Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Diyan Li
- Institute of Animal Genetics and Breeding, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, Sichuan, P. R. China.,Farm Animal Genetic Resources Exploration and Innovation Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Mingyao Yang
- Institute of Animal Genetics and Breeding, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, Sichuan, P. R. China.,Farm Animal Genetic Resources Exploration and Innovation Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| |
Collapse
|
21
|
Chelerythrine hydrochloride inhibits proliferation and induces mitochondrial apoptosis in cervical cancer cells via PI3K/BAD signaling pathway. Toxicol In Vitro 2020; 68:104965. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tiv.2020.104965] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2020] [Revised: 07/24/2020] [Accepted: 08/06/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
|
22
|
Chen L, Yang ZS, Zhou YZ, Deng Y, Jiang P, Tan SL. Dihydromyricetin inhibits cell proliferation, migration, invasion and promotes apoptosis via regulating miR-21 in Human Cholangiocarcinoma Cells. J Cancer 2020; 11:5689-5699. [PMID: 32913463 PMCID: PMC7477438 DOI: 10.7150/jca.45970] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2020] [Accepted: 07/15/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Dihydromyricetin, the most abundant natural flavonoid isolated from Ampelopsis grossedentata, exhibits broad anti-tumor effects. However, the effects of dihydromyricetin on cholangiocarcinoma remain unclear. This study examined the anti-tumor effects of dihydromyricetin in two human cholangiocarcinoma cell lines HCCC9810 and TFK-1, and the underlying mechanism was also investigated. Our study was the first to show that dihydromyricetin significantly inhibited cell proliferation, migration, invasion and promoted apoptosis in cholangiocarcinoma cells. By analyzing the TCGA dataset, we found that expression of miR-21, an oncogene and a potential target of anticancer drugs for cholangiocarcinoma, was upregulated in cholangiocarcinoma tissues compared to paired control tissues. Moreover, dihydromyricetin significantly reduced the expression of miR-21 in a dose-dependent manner. Overexpression of miR-21 remarkably abolished the inhibitory effects of dihydromyricetin on cell proliferation, migration, invasion and abrogated its effect of promoting cell apoptosis in both HCCC9810 and TFK-1 cells. Dihydromyricetin remarkably increased the expression of PTEN and decreased the expression of phosphorylated Akt, while overexpression of miR-21 abrogated the modulation of PTEN/ Akt pathway by dihydromyricetin. Taken together, our study demonstrates that dihydromyricetin inhibits cell proliferation, migration, invasion and promotes apoptosis in cholangiocarcinoma cells via regulating miR-21.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Lei Chen
- Department of Pharmacy, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China, 410011.,Institute of Clinical Pharmacy, Central South University, Changsha, China, 410011
| | - Zhou-Sheng Yang
- Department of Pharmacy, The People's Hopital of Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, Nanning, Guangxi, China, 530021
| | - Yang-Zhao Zhou
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China, 410011
| | - Yang Deng
- Department of Pharmacy, The Third Hospital of Changsha, Changsha, China, 410015
| | - Pei Jiang
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy and Pharmacology, Jining First People's Hospital, Jining Medical University, Jining, China, 272000
| | - Sheng-Lan Tan
- Department of Pharmacy, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China, 410011.,Institute of Clinical Pharmacy, Central South University, Changsha, China, 410011
| |
Collapse
|
23
|
Liu D, Mao Y, Ding L, Zeng XA. Dihydromyricetin: A review on identification and quantification methods, biological activities, chemical stability, metabolism and approaches to enhance its bioavailability. Trends Food Sci Technol 2019; 91:586-597. [PMID: 32288229 PMCID: PMC7127391 DOI: 10.1016/j.tifs.2019.07.038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 81] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/27/2017] [Revised: 03/21/2019] [Accepted: 07/18/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Dihydromyricetin (DMY) is an important plant flavonoid, which has received great attention due to its health-benefiting activities, including antioxidant, antimicrobial, anti-inflammatory, anticancer, antidiabetic and neuroprotective activities. DMY capsules have been sold in US as a nutraceutical supplement to prevent alcoholic hangovers. The major disadvantage associated with DMY is its chemical instability and poor bioavailability caused by the combined effects of its low solubility and poor membrane permeability. This limits its practical use in the food and pharmaceutical fields. SCOPE AND APPROACH The present paper gives an overview of the current methods for the identification and quantification of DMY. Furthermore, recent findings regarding the main biological properties and chemical stability of DMY, the metabolism of DMY as well as different approaches to increase DMY bioavailability in both aqueous and lipid phases are discussed. KEY FINDINGS AND CONCLUSIONS Current trends on identification and quantification of DMY have been focused on spectral and chromatographic techniques. Many factors such as heat, pH, metal ions, could affect the chemical stability of DMY. Despite the diverse biological effects of DMY, DMY faces with the problem of poor bioavailability. Utilization of different delivery systems including solid dispersion, nanocapsule, microemuslion, cyclodextrin inclusion complexes, co-crystallization, phospholipid complexes, and chemical or enzymatic acylation has the potential to improve both the solubility and bioavailability. DMY digested in laboratory animals undergoes reduction, dehydroxylation, methylation, glucuronidation, and sulfation. Novel DMY delivery systems and basic pharmacokinetic studies of encapsulated DMY on higher animals and humans might be required in the future.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Dan Liu
- Faculty of Chemical Engineering and Light Industry, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou, 510006, PR China
- Corresponding author. Faculty of Chemical Engineering and Light Industry, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou Higher Education Mega Center, Guangzhou, 510006, PR China.
| | - Yiqin Mao
- Faculty of Chemical Engineering and Light Industry, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou, 510006, PR China
| | - Lijun Ding
- Faculty of Chemical Engineering and Light Industry, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou, 510006, PR China
| | - Xin-An Zeng
- South China University of Technology, School of Food Science & Engineering, Guangzhou, 510640, Guangdong, PR China
- Corresponding author
| |
Collapse
|
24
|
Xiao XN, Wang F, Yuan YT, Liu J, Liu YZ, Yi X. Antibacterial Activity and Mode of Action of Dihydromyricetin from Ampelopsis grossedentata Leaves against Food-Borne Bacteria. Molecules 2019; 24:molecules24152831. [PMID: 31382605 PMCID: PMC6695662 DOI: 10.3390/molecules24152831] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2019] [Revised: 07/24/2019] [Accepted: 07/31/2019] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Dihydromyricetin (DMY) has recently attracted increased interest due to its considerable health-promoting activities but there are few reports on its antibacterial activity and mechanism. In this paper, the activity and mechanisms of DMY from Ampelopsis grossedentata leaves against food-borne bacteria are investigated. Moreover, the effects of pH, thermal-processing, and metal ions on the antibacterial activity of DMY are also evaluated. The results show that DMY exhibits ideal antibacterial activity on five types of food-borne bacteria (Staphylococcus aureus, Bacillus subtilis, Escherichia coli, Salmonella paratyphi, and Pseudomonas aeruginosa). The activities of DMY against bacteria are extremely sensitive to pH, thermal-processing, and metal ions. The morphology of the tested bacteria is changed and damaged more seriously with the exposure time of DMY. Furthermore, the results of the oxidative respiratory metabolism assay and the integrity of the cell membrane and wall tests revealed that the death of bacteria caused by DMY might be due to lysis of the cell wall, leakage of intracellular ingredients, and inhibition of the tricarboxylic acid cycle (TCA) pathway.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xiao-Nian Xiao
- OAI Sino-German United Research Institute, Nanchang University, Nanchang 330047, Jiangxi Province, China
| | - Fan Wang
- OAI Sino-German United Research Institute, Nanchang University, Nanchang 330047, Jiangxi Province, China
| | - Yi-Ting Yuan
- Sino-German Food Engineering Center, Nanchang University, Nanchang 330047, Jiangxi Province, China
| | - Jing Liu
- OAI Sino-German United Research Institute, Nanchang University, Nanchang 330047, Jiangxi Province, China
| | - Yue-Zhen Liu
- OAI Sino-German United Research Institute, Nanchang University, Nanchang 330047, Jiangxi Province, China
| | - Xing Yi
- Sino-German Food Engineering Center, Nanchang University, Nanchang 330047, Jiangxi Province, China.
| |
Collapse
|
25
|
Tan M, Jiang B, Wang H, Ouyang W, Chen X, Wang T, Dong D, Yi S, Yi J, Huang Y, Tang M, Xiao Y, Jiang Z, Zhou W. Dihydromyricetin induced lncRNA MALAT1 -TFEB-dependent autophagic cell death in cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma. J Cancer 2019; 10:4245-4255. [PMID: 31413743 PMCID: PMC6691703 DOI: 10.7150/jca.32807] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2019] [Accepted: 05/26/2019] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma (CSCC) is the second most common skin cancer. Dihydromyricetin (DHM), a Rattan tea extract, has been shown to have antitumor activity with no obvious toxicity to normal cells in vitro and in vivo. However, its efficacy in the treatment of CSCC and the underlying antitumor mechanism has not been fully elucidated yet. In our study, DHM increased autophagic flux in the A431 cells, as evidenced by the upregulation of LC3-II and downregulation of P62/SQSTM1. Moreover, the pharmacological or genetic blocking autophagy decreased DHM-induced cell death, indicating DHM triggered autophagic cell death in A431 cells. Specifically, DHM induced TFEB(Ser142) de-phosphorylation, activated TFEB nuclear translocation and increased of TFEB reporter activity, which contributed to the expression of autophagy-related genes and subsequent initiated autophagic cell death in A431 cells. Importantly, DHM decreased lncRNA MALAT1 expression and MALAT1 overexpression abrogated the effects of DHM on TFEB-dependent autophagy both in vitro and in vivo. Taken together, DHM induces CSCC cell death via inducing excessive autophagy, which is mediated through the MALAT1-TFEB pathway. Therefore, DHM may be beneficial for the development of chemotherapy for CSCC.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Miduo Tan
- Surgery Department of Galactophore, The Affiliated Zhuzhou Hospital of Xiangya Medical College CSU, Zhuzhou 412000, China
| | - Bin Jiang
- Department of Plastic Surgery, The Second Hospital University of South China, Hengyang, 421001, China
| | - Haihua Wang
- Department of Burns and Plastic Surgery, The Affiliated Zhuzhou Hospital of Xiangya Medical College CSU, Zhuzhou 412000, China
| | - Wei Ouyang
- Department of Oncology, The Affiliated Zhuzhou Hospital of Xiangya Medical College CSU, Zhuzhou 412000, China
| | - Xiang Chen
- Clinical Laboratory Center, The Affiliated Zhuzhou Hospital of Xiangya Medical College CSU, Zhuzhou 412000, China
| | - Taoli Wang
- Department of Pathology, The Affiliated Zhuzhou Hospital of Xiangya Medical College CSU, Zhuzhou 412000, China
| | - Dan Dong
- Department of Dermatology, The Second Hospital University of South China, Hengyang, 421001, China
| | - Shun Yi
- Department of General surgery, The Affiliated Zhuzhou Hospital of Xiangya Medical College CSU, Zhuzhou 412000, China
| | - Jiansheng Yi
- Surgery Department of Galactophore, The Affiliated Zhuzhou Hospital of Xiangya Medical College CSU, Zhuzhou 412000, China
| | - Yan Huang
- Surgery Department of Galactophore, The Affiliated Zhuzhou Hospital of Xiangya Medical College CSU, Zhuzhou 412000, China
| | - Manling Tang
- Clinical Laboratory Center, The Affiliated Zhuzhou Hospital of Xiangya Medical College CSU, Zhuzhou 412000, China
| | - Yan Xiao
- Department of Otolaryngology, The Affiliated Zhuzhou Hospital of Xiangya Medical College CSU, Zhuzhou 412000, China
| | - Zuiming Jiang
- Clinical Laboratory Center, The Affiliated Zhuzhou Hospital of Xiangya Medical College CSU, Zhuzhou 412000, China
| | - Wei Zhou
- Surgery Department of Galactophore, The Affiliated Zhuzhou Hospital of Xiangya Medical College CSU, Zhuzhou 412000, China
| |
Collapse
|
26
|
Liu H, Zhao J, Fu R, Zhu C, Fan D. The ginsenoside Rk3 exerts anti-esophageal cancer activity in vitro and in vivo by mediating apoptosis and autophagy through regulation of the PI3K/Akt/mTOR pathway. PLoS One 2019; 14:e0216759. [PMID: 31091245 PMCID: PMC6519821 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0216759] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2019] [Accepted: 04/26/2019] [Indexed: 02/02/2023] Open
Abstract
The rare ginsenoside Rk3 is a bioactive component derived from ginseng and Panax notoginseng that has been proven to possess anti-lung cancer activity. However, the effect of Rk3 on human esophageal cancer has not yet been reported. In this study, we aimed to explore its anticancer curative effect and potential molecular mechanisms in the Eca109 and KYSE150 cell lines. We found that Rk3 was able to significantly repress cell proliferation and colony formation in both Eca109 and KYSE150 cells in vitro. In the KYSE150 xenograft model, Rk3 obviously inhibited tumor growth and exhibited little toxicity in organs. Moreover, Rk3 could trigger G1 phase arrest and induce apoptosis and autophagy. Interestingly, apoptosis induced by Rk3 could be partly abrogated by 3-MA (an autophagy inhibitor), implying that autophagy could enhance apoptosis. Further studies indicated that pretreatment with the Akt inhibitor GSK690693 or the mTOR inhibitor rapamycin promoted Rk3-induced apoptosis and autophagy, demonstrating that the PI3K/Akt/mTOR pathway is related to Rk3-induced apoptosis and autophagy. In conclusion, the present study is the first to clarify that Rk3 can inhibit Eca109 and KYSE150 cell proliferation through activating apoptosis and autophagy by blocking the PI3K/Akt/mTOR pathway, suggesting that Rk3 may be a promising antitumor agent for esophageal cancer. In addition, this study provides ideas and an experimental basis for further research on the anti-esophageal cancer effects of the ginsenoside Rk3 and its mechanism.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Huanhuan Liu
- Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Degradable Biomedical Materials, School of Chemical Engineering, Northwest University, Xi’an, China
- Shaanxi R&D Center of Biomaterials and Fermentation Engineering, School of Chemical Engineering, Northwest University, Xi’an, China
- Biotech.&Biomed, Research Institute, Northwest University, Xi’an, China
| | - Jiaqi Zhao
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Rongzhan Fu
- Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Degradable Biomedical Materials, School of Chemical Engineering, Northwest University, Xi’an, China
- Shaanxi R&D Center of Biomaterials and Fermentation Engineering, School of Chemical Engineering, Northwest University, Xi’an, China
- Biotech.&Biomed, Research Institute, Northwest University, Xi’an, China
| | - Chenhui Zhu
- Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Degradable Biomedical Materials, School of Chemical Engineering, Northwest University, Xi’an, China
- Shaanxi R&D Center of Biomaterials and Fermentation Engineering, School of Chemical Engineering, Northwest University, Xi’an, China
- Biotech.&Biomed, Research Institute, Northwest University, Xi’an, China
- * E-mail: (CZ); (DF)
| | - Daidi Fan
- Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Degradable Biomedical Materials, School of Chemical Engineering, Northwest University, Xi’an, China
- Shaanxi R&D Center of Biomaterials and Fermentation Engineering, School of Chemical Engineering, Northwest University, Xi’an, China
- Biotech.&Biomed, Research Institute, Northwest University, Xi’an, China
- * E-mail: (CZ); (DF)
| |
Collapse
|
27
|
Liu Y, Fan D. Ginsenoside Rg5 induces apoptosis and autophagy via the inhibition of the PI3K/Akt pathway against breast cancer in a mouse model. Food Funct 2019; 9:5513-5527. [PMID: 30207362 DOI: 10.1039/c8fo01122b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
Breast cancer is the most frequently diagnosed cancer and has become the main cause of cancer-related death among women worldwide. Traditional chemotherapy for breast cancer has serious side effects for patients, such as the first-line drug docetaxel. Ginsenoside Rg5, a rare ginsenoside and the main ingredient extracted from fine black ginseng, has been proved to have anti-breast cancer efficacy in vitro. Here, the in vivo anti-breast cancer efficacy, side effects and potential molecular mechanisms of Rg5 were investigated on a BALB/c nude mouse model of human breast cancer. The tumor growth inhibition rate of high dose Rg5 (20 mg kg-1) was 71.4 ± 9.4%, similar to that of the positive control docetaxel (72.0 ± 9.1%). Compared to docetaxel, Rg5 showed fewer side effects in the treatment of breast cancer. Treatment with Rg5 induced apoptosis and autophagy in breast cancer tissues. Rg5 was proved to induce caspase-dependent apoptosis via the activation of the extrinsic death receptor and intrinsic mitochondrial signaling pathways. The autophagy induction was related to the formation of an autophagosome and accumulation of LC3BII, P62 and critical Atg proteins. Further studies showed that Rg5 in a dose-dependent manner induced apoptosis and autophagy through the inhibition of the PI3K/Akt signaling pathway as indicated by the reduced phosphorylation level of PI3K and Akt. Taken together, Rg5 could be a novel and promising clinical antitumor drug targeting breast cancer.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yannan Liu
- Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Degradable Biomedical Materials, School of Chemical Engineering, Northwest University, 229 North Taibai Road, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710069, China.
| | | |
Collapse
|
28
|
Zhang J, Chen Y, Luo H, Sun L, Xu M, Yu J, Zhou Q, Meng G, Yang S. Recent Update on the Pharmacological Effects and Mechanisms of Dihydromyricetin. Front Pharmacol 2018; 9:1204. [PMID: 30410442 PMCID: PMC6209623 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2018.01204] [Citation(s) in RCA: 112] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2018] [Accepted: 10/02/2018] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
As the most abundant natural flavonoid in rattan tea, dihydromyricetin (DMY) has shown a wide range of pharmacological effects. In addition to the general characteristics of flavonoids, DMY has the effects of cardioprotection, anti-diabetes, hepatoprotection, neuroprotection, anti-tumor, and dermatoprotection. DMY was also applied for the treatment of bacterial infection, osteoporosis, asthma, kidney injury, nephrotoxicity and so on. These effects to some extent enrich the understanding about the role of DMY in disease prevention and therapy. However, to date, we still have no outlined knowledge about the detailed mechanism of DMY, which might be related to anti-oxidation and anti-inflammation. And the detailed mechanisms may be associated with several different molecules involved in cellular apoptosis, oxidative stress, and inflammation, such as AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK), mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK), protein kinase B (Akt), nuclear factor-κB (NF-κB), nuclear factor E2-related factor 2 (Nrf2), ATP-binding cassette transporter A1 (ABCA1), peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-γ (PPARγ) and so on. Here, we summarized the current pharmacological developments of DMY as well as possible mechanisms, aiming to push the understanding about the protective role of DMY as well as its preclinical assessment of novel application.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jingyao Zhang
- Department of Dermatology, Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Nantong, China.,Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Key Laboratory of Inflammation and Molecular Drug Target of Jiangsu Province, Nantong University, Nantong, China
| | - Yun Chen
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Key Laboratory of Inflammation and Molecular Drug Target of Jiangsu Province, Nantong University, Nantong, China
| | - Huiqin Luo
- Department of Dermatology, Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Nantong, China.,Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Key Laboratory of Inflammation and Molecular Drug Target of Jiangsu Province, Nantong University, Nantong, China
| | - Linlin Sun
- Department of Dermatology, Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Nantong, China.,Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Key Laboratory of Inflammation and Molecular Drug Target of Jiangsu Province, Nantong University, Nantong, China
| | - Mengting Xu
- Department of Dermatology, Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Nantong, China.,Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Key Laboratory of Inflammation and Molecular Drug Target of Jiangsu Province, Nantong University, Nantong, China
| | - Jin Yu
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Key Laboratory of Inflammation and Molecular Drug Target of Jiangsu Province, Nantong University, Nantong, China
| | - Qigang Zhou
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Guoliang Meng
- Department of Dermatology, Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Nantong, China
| | - Shengju Yang
- Department of Dermatology, Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Nantong, China
| |
Collapse
|
29
|
Zuo Y, Xu Q, Lu Y, Sun D, Wang K, Lei Y, Liang X, Li Y. Dihydromyricetin induces apoptosis in a human choriocarcinoma cell line. Oncol Lett 2018; 16:4229-4234. [PMID: 30214558 PMCID: PMC6126223 DOI: 10.3892/ol.2018.9220] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2017] [Accepted: 05/23/2018] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Choriocarcinoma is a malignant trophoblastic tumor. The development of novel drugs is required to reduce the toxicity of current multi-agent chemotherapy and to successfully treat chemoresistant cases of the disease. The purpose of the present study was to investigate the effect of dihydromyricetin (DMY) on the human choriocarcinoma cell line, JAr, to identify a novel drug for the treatment of choriocarcinoma. An MTT assay was performed to determine the effects of DMY at different concentrations and for different exposure durations. Flow cytometry and TUNEL assays were performed to detect apoptosis, and western blotting was utilized to investigate the underlying mechanism. The results revealed that DMY significantly inhibited JAr cell viability in a time- and dose-dependent manner. The flow cytometry and TUNEL assays demonstrated that DMY inhibited proliferation by inducing apoptosis. Further analysis by western blotting indicated that the protein expression level of BCL-2 associated X, associated protein increased, while the protein expression levels of BCL-2 and pro-caspase-3 decreased. These findings suggest that DMY induced apoptosis in human choriocarcinoma JAr cells, through a mitochondrially mediated apoptotic pathway.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yanzhen Zuo
- Department of Pharmacology, Chengde Medical University, Chengde, Hebei 067000, P.R. China
| | - Qian Xu
- Research Laboratory, Chengde Medical University, Chengde, Hebei 067000, P.R. China
| | - Yanjie Lu
- Department of Pathology, Chengde Medical University, Chengde, Hebei 067000, P.R. China
| | - Dayong Sun
- Department of Tumor Radiation and Chemotherapy Center, The Chengde Central Hospital, Chengde, Hebei 067000, P.R. China
| | - Kang Wang
- Department of Pathology, Chengde Medical University, Chengde, Hebei 067000, P.R. China
| | - Yuntao Lei
- Department of Pathology, Chengde Medical University, Chengde, Hebei 067000, P.R. China
| | - Xiujun Liang
- Research Laboratory, Chengde Medical University, Chengde, Hebei 067000, P.R. China
| | - Yuhong Li
- Department of Pathology, Chengde Medical University, Chengde, Hebei 067000, P.R. China
| |
Collapse
|
30
|
Liu Y, Wei S, Zou Q, Luo Y. Stachydrine suppresses viability & migration of astrocytoma cells via CXCR4/ERK & CXCR4/Akt pathway activity. Future Oncol 2018; 14:1443-1459. [PMID: 29873242 DOI: 10.2217/fon-2017-0562] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
AIM Pilocytic astrocytomas (PAs) are a common adolescent malignancy. We evaluated the effects of the betaine stachydrine on human PA cells as well as its associated molecular mechanism(s). MATERIALS & METHODS Various experiments assessing stachydrine's effects on the human PA cell line Res186 were performed. RESULTS & CONCLUSION Stachydrine dose-dependently suppressed proliferation and colony formation in Res186 cells with no such effect on normal astrocytes. Stachydrine downregulated CXCR4 transcription through enhancing IκBα-based NF-κB inhibition. Stachydrine promoted apoptosis and cyclin D1/p27Kip1-associated G0/G1 phase arrest in a CXCR4/ERK- and CXCR4/Akt-dependent manner. Stachydrine suppressed MMP-associated migration and invasiveness via inhibiting CXCR4/Akt/MMP-9/2 and CXCR4/ERK/MMP-9/2 pathway activity. Stachydrine inhibits the viability, migration and invasiveness of human PA cells via inhibiting CXCR4/ERK and CXCR4/Akt signaling.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yun Liu
- Department of Pediatrics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi, PR China
| | - Songzhi Wei
- Department of Oncology, The Fourth Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi, PR China
| | - Qin Zou
- Department of Pediatrics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi, PR China
| | - Yan Luo
- Department of Nursing, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi, PR China
| |
Collapse
|
31
|
Lu Z, Xu H, Yu X, Wang Y, Huang L, Jin X, Sui D. 20(S)-Protopanaxadiol induces apoptosis in human hepatoblastoma HepG2 cells by downregulating the protein kinase B signaling pathway. Exp Ther Med 2018; 15:1277-1284. [PMID: 29434714 PMCID: PMC5776618 DOI: 10.3892/etm.2017.5594] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2017] [Accepted: 10/26/2017] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Hepatoblastoma is the most common primary liver tumor for children aged <5 years old. 20(S)-Protopanaxadiol (PPD) is a ginsenoside extracted from Pananx quinquefolium L., which inhibits tumor growth in several cancer cell lines. The purpose of the present study was to assess the anticancer activities of 20(S)-PPD in human hepatoblastoma HepG2 cells. The cytotoxicity of 20(S)-PPD on HepG2 cells was evaluated using an MTT assay. Apoptosis was detected using DAPI staining and flow cytometry. The expression of apoptosis-associated proteins was identified by western blotting. The results demonstrated that 20(S)-PPD inhibited the viability of HepG2 cell in a dose and time-dependent manner. The IC50 values were 81.35, 73.5, 48.79 µM at 24, 48 and 72 h, respectively. Topical morphological changes of apoptotic body formation following 20(S)-PPD treatment were detected by DAPI staining. The percentage of Annexin V-fluoroscein isothyiocyanate positive cells were 3.73, 17.61, 23.44 and 65.43% in HepG2 cells treated with 0, 40, 50 and 60 µM of 20(S)-PPD, respectively. Furthermore, 20(S)-PPD upregulated the expression of Bax and downregulated the expression of Bcl-2 and also activated caspases-3 and −9, and Poly [ADP-ribose] polymerase cleavage. In addition, 20(S)-PPD inhibited the phosphorylation of protein kinase B (Akt; Ser473). The results indicate that 20(S)-PPD inhibits the viability of HepG2 cells and induces apoptosis in HepG2 cells by inhibiting the phosphoinositide-3-kinase/Akt pathway.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Zeyuan Lu
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin 130021, P.R. China
| | - Huali Xu
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin 130021, P.R. China
| | - Xiaofeng Yu
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin 130021, P.R. China
| | - Yuchen Wang
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin 130021, P.R. China
| | - Long Huang
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin 130021, P.R. China
| | - Xin Jin
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin 130021, P.R. China
| | - Dayun Sui
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin 130021, P.R. China
| |
Collapse
|
32
|
The Versatile Effects of Dihydromyricetin in Health. EVIDENCE-BASED COMPLEMENTARY AND ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE 2017; 2017:1053617. [PMID: 28947908 PMCID: PMC5602609 DOI: 10.1155/2017/1053617] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2017] [Accepted: 07/27/2017] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
Dihydromyricetin is a flavonoid isolated from Ampelopsis grossedentata, which is traditionally used in China. Dihydromyricetin exhibits health-benefiting activities with minimum adverse effects. Dihydromyricetin has been demonstrated to show antioxidative, anti-inflammatory, anticancer, antimicrobial, cell death-mediating, and lipid and glucose metabolism-regulatory activities. Dihydromyricetin may scavenge ROS to protect against oxidative stress or potentiate ROS generation to counteract cancer cells selectively without any effects on normal cells. However, the low bioavailability of dihydromyricetin limits its potential applications. Recent research has gained positive and promising data. This review will discuss the versatile effects and clinical prospective of dihydromyricetin.
Collapse
|