1
|
Stawowski AR, Konopińska J, Stawowski SS, Adamczuk J, Groth M, Moniuszko-Malinowska A, Czupryna P. The Review of Ophthalmic Symptoms in COVID-19. Clin Ophthalmol 2024; 18:1417-1432. [PMID: 38803556 PMCID: PMC11129748 DOI: 10.2147/opth.s460224] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2024] [Accepted: 04/22/2024] [Indexed: 05/29/2024] Open
Abstract
The COVID-19 pandemic caused by SARS-CoV-2 had a significant impact on the health of the global human population, affecting almost every human organ, including the organ of vision. Research focus on understanding the pathophysiology, identifying symptoms and complications of the disease. Eye-related pathologies are important foci of research due to the potential for direct impact of the virus. Ophthalmologists around the world are reporting various symptoms of eye infections and ocular pathologies associated with SARS-CoV-2. The review of ophthalmic symptoms was conducted to help physicians of various specialties recognize possible ophthalmic manifestations of this viral disease. A literature review was conducted from January 2020 to July 2023 in the PubMed, MEDLINE, Science Direct, Scopus, Scielo and Google Scholar databases. The review of the literature showed that conjunctivitis is the most common ophthalmic symptom observed during the course of COVID-19 and can occur at any stage of the disease. Changes in the eye may result from the direct effect of the virus, immune response, prothrombotic states, comorbidities, and medications used. Symptoms related to the organ of vision can be divided into: changes affecting the protective apparatus of the eye, the anterior eye segment, the posterior eye segment, neuro-ophthalmic, and orbital changes. Ocular symptoms may suggest COVID-19 infection or appear several weeks after recovery. Following COVID-19 vaccinations, a diverse range of ophthalmic symptoms was observed in various locations and at different times, mirroring the ocular symptoms experienced throughout the course of the COVID-19 illness. It is important for physicians of all specialties to be aware of possible potential connections between eye diseases and SARS-CoV-2, in order to effectively diagnose and treat patients.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Joanna Konopińska
- Department of Ophthalmology, Medical University of Bialystok, Bialystok, Poland
| | | | - Justyna Adamczuk
- Department of Infectious Diseases and Neuroinfectious, Medical University of Bialystok, Bialystok, Poland
| | - Monika Groth
- Department of Allergology and Internal Diseases, University Clinical Hospital in Bialystok, Bialystok, Poland
| | - Anna Moniuszko-Malinowska
- Department of Infectious Diseases and Neuroinfectious, Medical University of Bialystok, Bialystok, Poland
| | - Piotr Czupryna
- Department of Infectious Diseases and Neuroinfectious, Medical University of Bialystok, Bialystok, Poland
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Niazi M, Shankayi Z, Asadi MM, Hasanalifard M, Zahiri A, Bahrami F. Electrophysiological analysis of ENG signals in patients with Covid-19. IBRO Neurosci Rep 2023; 15:151-157. [PMID: 37664820 PMCID: PMC10470297 DOI: 10.1016/j.ibneur.2023.08.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2023] [Accepted: 08/09/2023] [Indexed: 09/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Currently, there is an increasing number of patients reporting dizziness, which has resulted in a positive COVID-19 PCR test. In this paper, we analyzed the ENG signals recorded from patients with a positive COVID-19 PCR test. Methods In this paper, both linear and nonlinear analyses of time series were employed to determine the regularity and complexity of a recorded ENG signal. Results The Wilcoxon rank-sum test indicated that the COVID-19 and non-COVID groups have significant differences based on different extracted features. Various machine learning methods including Linear Discriminant Analysis (LDA), Naïve Base (NB), K-nearest Neighbours (KNN), and Support Vector Machines (SVM) were used to classify COVID-19 and non-COVID groups. The best accuracy, precision and FCR achieved by SVM are 86%, 91% and 0.13. Conclusion In this study, ENG signals were recorded from COVID-19 and control groups. Linear and non-linear features were extracted from the recorded signals to identify significantly different features. Subjects were classified based on SVM and different classifiers. The SVM (polynomial kernel) classifier showed the best result. The proposed method had not been used for the classification of COVID-19 and non-COVID-19 subjects before. This work helps other researchers conduct more research on the development of machine learning methods to diagnose the COVID-19 virus using ENG and other physiological signals.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mehdi Niazi
- Neuroscience Research Centre, Baqiyatallah University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
- Department of Physiology and Medical Physics, School of Medicine, Baqiyatallah University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Zeinab Shankayi
- Neuroscience Research Centre, Baqiyatallah University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
- Department of Physiology and Medical Physics, School of Medicine, Baqiyatallah University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mohammad Mahdi Asadi
- Baqiyatallah University of Medical Sciences, Students’ Research Committee, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mahdieh Hasanalifard
- New Hearing Technologies Research Center, Clinical Sciences Institute, Baqiyatallah University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Ali Zahiri
- Baqiyatallah University of Medical Sciences, Students’ Research Committee, Tehran, Iran
| | - Farideh Bahrami
- Neuroscience Research Centre, Baqiyatallah University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
- Department of Physiology and Medical Physics, School of Medicine, Baqiyatallah University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Ong KMC, Cruz TLG. Otologic and vestibular symptoms in COVID-19: A scoping review. World J Otorhinolaryngol Head Neck Surg 2022; 8:WJO257. [PMID: 35599837 PMCID: PMC9111077 DOI: 10.1002/wjo2.57] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2021] [Accepted: 01/17/2022] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Otologic and vestibular symptoms have been seen in patients confirmed to have COVID-19 disease. Further discussion of these symptoms may provide insight into short- and long-term management for these patients. Objective The aim of this review was to describe the otologic and vestibular symptoms that present in patients with COVID-19. The primary outcomes of this review were onset, duration and clinical outcomes of these symptoms. Sources of Evidence Pub Med, APAMed Central, Herdin, CINAHL, Scopus, Springer Link, ProQuest Coronavirus Research Database, and Google Scholar were searched for the articles to be included. Eligibility Criteria Studies included were those involving adult patients diagnosed with COVID-19 who experienced hearing loss, ear pain, ear discharge, otitis media, vertigo, or tinnitus. Studies were eligible for inclusion if there was a description of the otologic dysfunction, specifically onset, duration, or clinical outcomes. Results The majority of patients who experienced hearing loss (68%), tinnitus (88%), vertigo/dizziness (30%), ear pain (8%), and discharge (100%) did so within a month of experiencing the typical symptoms of COVID-19. A majority also experienced complete resolution of their symptoms within 2 weeks. Standard treatment for COVID-19 was usually provided but when specific diagnoses are made for these symptoms (e.g., sudden sensorineural hearing loss, otitis media, vestibular neuritis), they are treated in the same manner as one would for non-COVID-19 cases, in addition to the management for COVID-19. In certain cases, there may be a need for additional work-up to rule out other causes. Conclusions Otologic and vestibular symptoms were present in COVID-19 patients, majority as part of the systemic nature of the disease. The onset, duration, and course were consistent with the natural history of a systemic viral infection. COVID-19 should be considered in any patient with a new-onset hearing loss, tinnitus, or vertigo/dizziness, even in the absence of infectious or respiratory symptoms.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kimberly Mae C. Ong
- Philippine National Ear Institute, National Institutes of HealthUniversity of the Philippines ManilaManilaPhilippines
- College of MedicineUniversity of the Philippines ManilaManilaPhilippines
| | - Teresa Luisa G. Cruz
- Philippine National Ear Institute, National Institutes of HealthUniversity of the Philippines ManilaManilaPhilippines
- College of MedicineUniversity of the Philippines ManilaManilaPhilippines
- Department of OtorhinolaryngologyUniversity of the Philippines‐Philippine General HospitalManilaPhilippines
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Pitak-Arnnop P, Meningaud JP, Sirintawat N, Subbalekha K, Auychai P, Iamaroon A, O-Charoenrat P, Suntorntham S, Messer-Peti R, Neff A. A German AWMF's S2e/realist synthesis and meta-narrative snapshot of craniomaxillofacial manifestations in COVID-19 patients: Rapid living update on 1 January 2021. JOURNAL OF STOMATOLOGY, ORAL AND MAXILLOFACIAL SURGERY 2022; 123:64-73. [PMID: 33524604 PMCID: PMC9767311 DOI: 10.1016/j.jormas.2021.01.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2021] [Accepted: 01/25/2021] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSES To execute a review answering the following question: "Among novel coronavirus disease (COVID19) patients, what are craniomaxillofacial (CMF) manifestations?" based on the RAMESES and the German Association of Scientific Medical Societies (AWMF)'s S2e guidelines. METHODS We performed a realist synthesis and meta-narrative review extracting data in English, French, German and Thai from PubMed/Medline, Embase, Biomed Central, Cochrane Library, and Thai Journals Online, until 1 January 2021. The primary outcome variable was CMF manifestations grouped into 5 categories: (1) mouth and throat, (2) nose, paranasal sinus, and skull base (3) ocular/orbital and periorbital tissue, (4) ear, and (5) craniofacial skin. Appropriate statistics was computed. RESULTS Thirty-seven original articles meeting the inclusion criteria were analysed; all were in English and indexed in PubMed/Medline. Hand searches of their references yielded a total of 101 articles for the review. Most data were in low level of evidence and focused on smell and taste disturbances and non-specific orofacial lesions. Iatrogenic complications may occur in this body region. Conservative measures remained effective and were usually enough for patient care. CONCLUSION Because SARS-CoV-2 infection is new and becomes the stringent worldwide pandemic within a short time period, most of the data on CMF symptoms are of low level evidence. Apart from taste and smell dysfunctions, non-specific CMF lesions can be found and treated conservatively. Treatment complications are possible. Dentists and CMF surgeons are privileged to examine the orofacial region and work closely with colleagues in other specialities to combat this pandemic.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Poramate Pitak-Arnnop
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, University Hospital of Giessen and Marburg, UKGM GmbH, Campus Marburg, Faculty of Medicine, Philipps-University of Marburg, Marburg, Germany,Corresponding author at: Klinik für MKG-Chirurgie, Universitätsklinikum Marburg, UKGM, Baldingerstr., 35043 Marburg, Germany
| | - Jean-Paul Meningaud
- Department of Plastic, Reconstructive, Aesthetic and Maxillofacial Surgery, Henri Mondor University Hospital, AP-HP, Faculty of Medicine, University Paris-Est Créteil Val de Marne (Paris XII), Créteil, France
| | - Nattapong Sirintawat
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Faculty of Dentistry, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Keskanya Subbalekha
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Faculty of Dentistry, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Prim Auychai
- Department of Paediatric Dentistry, Faculty of Dentistry, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Anak Iamaroon
- Department of Oral Biology and Diagnostic Sciences, Faculty of Dentistry, Chiang Mai University, Chaing Mai, Thailand,Excellence Center in Osteology Research and Training Center (ORTC), Chiang Mai University, Chaing Mai, Thailand
| | | | - Surajit Suntorntham
- HRH Princess Chulabhorn College of Medical Science, Chulaborn Royal Academy, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Robert Messer-Peti
- Department of Urology, Medius Klinik Ostfildern‐Ruit – Academic Teaching Hospital of University Tübingen, Ostfildern, Germany
| | - Andreas Neff
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, University Hospital of Giessen and Marburg, UKGM GmbH, Campus Marburg, Faculty of Medicine, Philipps-University of Marburg, Marburg, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Almufarrij I, Munro KJ. One year on: an updated systematic review of SARS-CoV-2, COVID-19 and audio-vestibular symptoms. Int J Audiol 2021; 60:935-945. [PMID: 33750252 DOI: 10.1080/14992027.2021.1896793] [Citation(s) in RCA: 67] [Impact Index Per Article: 22.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The aim was to systematically review the literature to December 2020, in order to provide a timely summary of evidence on SARS-CoV-2, COVID-19 and audio-vestibular symptoms. DESIGN The protocol was registered in the International Prospective Register of Systematic Reviews. The methods were developed in accordance with the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-analyses guidelines. Risk of bias was assessed using the National Institutes of Heath quality assessment tools. STUDY SAMPLE After rejecting 850 records, 28 case reports/series and 28 cross-sectional studies met the inclusion criteria. RESULTS There are multiple reports of hearing loss (e.g. sudden sensorineural), tinnitus and rotatory vertigo in adults having a wide range of COVID-19 symptom severity. The pooled estimate of prevalence based primarily on retrospective recall of symptoms, was 7.6% (CI: 2.5-15.1), 14.8% (CI: 6.3-26.1) and 7.2% (CI: 0.01-26.4), for hearing loss, tinnitus and rotatory vertigo, respectively. However, these could be an over-estimate because it was not always clear that studies report a change in symptom. CONCLUSION There are multiple reports of audio-vestibular symptoms associated with COVID-19. However, there is a dearth of high-quality studies comparing COVID-19 cases and controls. REVIEW REGISTRATION Prospective Register of Systematic Reviews (PROSPERO); registration number CRD42020227038).
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ibrahim Almufarrij
- Manchester Centre for Audiology and Deafness, School of Health Sciences, University of Manchester, Manchester, UK.,Department of Rehabilitation Sciences, College of Applied Medical Sciences, King Saud University, Riyadh, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | - Kevin J Munro
- Manchester Centre for Audiology and Deafness, School of Health Sciences, University of Manchester, Manchester, UK.,Manchester University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Manchester Academic Health Science Centre, Manchester, UK
| |
Collapse
|