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Hachey SM, Joseph S, Dolin CD, Triebwasser JE, Sayani F, Hamm RF. Contemporary Obstetric and Neonatal Outcomes in Sickle Cell Disease: A Retrospective Cohort Study. Am J Perinatol 2024; 41:e2291-e2298. [PMID: 37494482 DOI: 10.1055/s-0043-1771050] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/28/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Sickle cell disease is associated with adverse perinatal outcomes. Aspects of sickle cell disease in pregnancy, such as health care utilization and neonatal abstinence syndrome, are understudied. We aimed to describe contemporary sickle cell disease outcomes in a U.S. hospital system to improve perinatal counseling. STUDY DESIGN We conducted a retrospective cohort study of patients with sickle cell disease who delivered at >20 weeks' gestation at two sites within the University of Pennsylvania Health System from May 1, 2017 to August 30, 2020. Descriptive statistics were utilized. RESULTS Over the study period, 48 patients with sickle cell disease had 52 deliveries of 53 neonates. Sickle cell disease-related morbidity was prevalent prior to pregnancy; 27% had a history of avascular necrosis, and 58% had experienced acute chest syndrome. In the year prior to pregnancy, 52% used daily opioids. During pregnancy, more than half of patients were admitted at least once for sickle cell disease-related complications, spending a median 3 days admitted interquartile range (0-23); >10% spent >70 days of pregnancy admitted. New daily opioids were prescribed during pregnancy for 10% to manage pain crises. Acute chest syndrome was experienced by 23% of patients during pregnancy, and 8% required placement of long-term intravenous access. Preterm delivery <37 weeks occurred in 48%. The primary cesarean rate in nulliparas was 43%. Additionally, 50% experienced a hypertensive disorder of pregnancy, 35% underwent transfusion during delivery admission, and 10% had a perinatal venous thromboembolism. Finally, 53% of neonates were admitted to the intensive care unit. Low birth weight was noted in 34%, severe respiratory distress in 15% of infants, and neonatal abstinence syndrome in 21%. CONCLUSION Sickle cell disease remains associated with significant perinatal morbidity and need for hospitalization. These data provide contemporary outcomes to target improvements in the care of patients with sickle cell disease. KEY POINTS · SCD was associated with significant perinatal morbidity and healthcare utilization.. · Most patients with SCD required hospitalization during pregnancy.. · Neonates of patients with SCD experienced preterm birth, NICU admission, and neonatal abstinence syndrome..
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Affiliation(s)
- Sara M Hachey
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | - Sophie Joseph
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | - Cara D Dolin
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio
| | - Jourdan E Triebwasser
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan
| | - Farzana Sayani
- Department of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | - Rebecca F Hamm
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
- Leonard Davis Institute of Health Economics, Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
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Agarwal S, Stanek JR, Vesely SK, Creary SE, Cronin RM, Roe AH, O’Brien SH. Pregnancy-related thromboembolism in women with sickle cell disease: An analysis of National Medicaid Data. Am J Hematol 2023; 98:1677-1684. [PMID: 37551881 PMCID: PMC10592294 DOI: 10.1002/ajh.27045] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2023] [Revised: 07/05/2023] [Accepted: 07/16/2023] [Indexed: 08/09/2023]
Abstract
Pregnancy and sickle cell disease (SCD) both individually carry a risk of thromboembolism (TE). Pregnancy in people with SCD may further enhance the prothrombotic effect of the underlying disease. The objectives of this study were to determine the rate and risk factors for arterial and venous thrombosis in pregnant people with SCD. Administrative claims data from the United States Centers for Medicare and Medicaid Service Analytic eXtract from 2006 to 2018 were used. The study population included people with SCD from the start of their first identified pregnancy until 1 year postpartum and a control cohort of pregnant people without SCD of similar age and race. Outcomes of interest were identified with ICD-9 or 10 codes. Logistic regression analyses were used to analyze risk factors. We identified infant deliveries in 6388 unique people with SCD and 17 110 controls. A total of 720 venous thromboembolism (11.3%) and 335 arterial TE (5.2%) were observed in people with SCD compared to 202 (1.2%) and 95 (0.6%) in controls. People with SCD had an 8-11 times higher odds of TE compared to controls (p < .001). Within the SCD cohort, age, hemoglobin SS (HbSS) genotype, hypertension, and history of thrombosis were identified as independent risk factors for pregnancy-related TE. Pregnancy-specific factors (pre-eclampsia, eclampsia, multigestational pregnancy) were not associated with TE. In conclusion, the risk of pregnancy-related TE is considerably higher in people with SCD compared with controls without SCD. Hence, people with SCD, particularly those with multiple risk factors may be candidates for thromboprophylaxis during pregnancy and the postpartum period.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shreya Agarwal
- Division of Hematology/Oncology/BMT, Nationwide Children’s Hospital, Columbus, OH
| | - Joseph R Stanek
- Division of Hematology/Oncology/BMT, Nationwide Children’s Hospital, Columbus, OH
- Biostatistics Resource at Nationwide Children’s Hospital, Columbus, OH
| | - Sara K. Vesely
- Department of Biostatistics and Epidemiology, Hudson College of Public Health, University of Oklahoma, Oklahoma City, OK
| | - Susan E. Creary
- Division of Hematology/Oncology/BMT, Nationwide Children’s Hospital, Columbus, OH
- Center for Child Health Equity and Outcomes Research, The Abigail Wexner Research Institute at Nationwide Children’s Hospital, Columbus, OH
| | - Robert M Cronin
- Department of Internal Medicine, The Ohio State University College of Medicine, Columbus, OH
| | - Andrea H. Roe
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Pennsylvania, Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA
| | - Sarah H. O’Brien
- Division of Hematology/Oncology/BMT, Nationwide Children’s Hospital, Columbus, OH
- Center for Child Health Equity and Outcomes Research, The Abigail Wexner Research Institute at Nationwide Children’s Hospital, Columbus, OH
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Brahmantyo M, Savitri M. Challenge in diagnosis of hemoglobin E/beta thalassemia during pregnancy: A case report. Int J Surg Case Rep 2023; 110:108645. [PMID: 37597431 PMCID: PMC10462833 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijscr.2023.108645] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2023] [Revised: 08/04/2023] [Accepted: 08/05/2023] [Indexed: 08/21/2023] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Beta thalassemia (β-thalassemia) in pregnant women increases the risk of obstetric problems such as premature birth and low birth weight, so caution is needed in its management; these cases are usually asymptomatic. PRESENTATION OF CASE A pregnant Indonesian female (gestational age of 36 weeks), 21 years old, complained of general weakness. The patient experienced anemia several times during this pregnancy and received several blood transfusions. Her parents also have β-thalassemia. A physical examination of the patient showed pale conjunctiva and slight icteric sclera. Laboratory examination showed abnormal included hemoglobin (Hb) of 6.7 g/dL, hematocrit of 207 %, mean corpuscular volume (MCV) of 60.1 fL, mean corpuscular hemoglobin (MCH) of 19.3 pg, mean corpuscular hemoglobin concentration (MCHC) of 32.1 g/dL, albumin of 3.06 g/dL, direct bilirubin of 0.75 mg/dL, and total bilirubin of 1.78 mg/dL. Peripheral blood smear examination showed β-thalassemia. She received a high-calorie and protein diet with extra eggwhite of 2100 kcal/day, leukodepleted packed red blood cell (LD-PRBC) transfusion of 2 × 250 cc/day, folic acid of 3 × 1 mg/day, and methylprednisolone of 3 × 62.5 mg/day. The patient gave birth to a baby girl spontaneously. She received methylprednisolone of 3 × 16 mg with tapering off every week and folic acid of 3 × 1 mg. The patient's prognosis showed improvement. DISCUSSION Pregnancy weakens the immune system; therefore β-thalassemia is frequently discovered during this time, and keeping the mother's Hb ≥10 g/dL prevents complications. CONCLUSION Maintaining Hb ≥10 g/dL minimizes complications for mother and baby.
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Affiliation(s)
- Median Brahmantyo
- Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Airlangga University - Dr. Soetomo, General Academic Hospital, Surabaya, Indonesia
| | - Merlyna Savitri
- Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Airlangga University - Dr. Soetomo, General Academic Hospital, Surabaya, Indonesia.
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Pines M, Sheth S. Clinical Classification, Screening, and Diagnosis in Beta-Thalassemia and Hemoglobin E/Beta-Thalassemia. Hematol Oncol Clin North Am 2023; 37:313-325. [PMID: 36907605 DOI: 10.1016/j.hoc.2022.12.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/12/2023]
Abstract
This article reviews the classification of beta-thalassemia syndromes, correlating clinical severity and genotype in the earlier classification, and broadening it recently based on clinical severity and transfusion status. The classification is dynamic, and individuals may progress from transfusion-independent to transfusion-dependent. Early and accurate diagnosis prevents delays in instituting treatment and comprehensive care, and precludes inappropriate and potentially harmful interventions. Screening can inform risk in an individual and subsequent generations when partners may be carriers as well. This article discusses the rationale for screening of the at-risk population. In the developed world, a more precise genetic diagnosis must be considered.
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Affiliation(s)
- Morgan Pines
- Division of Pediatric Hematology/Oncology, Department of Pediatrics, Weill Cornell Medicine, P-695, 525 East 68th Street, New York, NY 10065, USA; Department of Pediatrics, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, 1275 York Avenue, H1117A, New York, NY 10065, USA
| | - Sujit Sheth
- Division of Pediatric Hematology/Oncology, Department of Pediatrics, Weill Cornell Medicine, P-695, 525 East 68th Street, New York, NY 10065, USA.
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Faysal H, Araji T, Ahmadzia HK. Recognizing who is at risk for postpartum hemorrhage: targeting anemic women and scoring systems for clinical use. Am J Obstet Gynecol MFM 2023; 5:100745. [PMID: 36075528 DOI: 10.1016/j.ajogmf.2022.100745] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2022] [Revised: 08/29/2022] [Accepted: 09/01/2022] [Indexed: 10/14/2022]
Abstract
Iron deficiency anemia during pregnancy is a common concern, affecting 38% of women worldwide and up to 50% in developing countries. It is defined differently throughout all 3 trimesters. It has several detrimental effects on pregnancy outcomes for both the mother and the fetus, such as increasing the risk for postpartum depression, preterm delivery, cesarean delivery, preeclampsia, and low birthweight. Management of iron deficiency anemia is done classically via oral iron supplementation. However, recent evidence has shown that intravenous iron is a good alternative to oral iron if patients are unable to tolerate it, not responding, or present with a new diagnosis very late in pregnancy. Management of iron deficiency anemia was demonstrated to be protective against postpartum hemorrhage. Other ways to prevent postpartum hemorrhage include improving prediction tools that can identify those at risk. Several risk assessment kits have been developed to estimate the risk for postpartum hemorrhage among patients and have been proven useful in the prediction of patients at high risk for postpartum hemorrhage despite limitations among low-risk groups. More comprehensive tools are also being explored by determining clinically relevant factors through nomograms, with some proving their efficacy after implementation. Machine learning is also being used to develop more complete tools by including risk factors previously not accounted for. These newer tools, however, still require external validation before being adopted despite promising results under testing conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hani Faysal
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The George Washington University School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Washington, DC
| | - Tarek Araji
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The George Washington University School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Washington, DC
| | - Homa K Ahmadzia
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The George Washington University School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Washington, DC.
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Lagadinou M, Markantes G, Amerali M, Mulita F, Marangos M, Michalaki M. A Retrospective Study of Various Iron Preparations Oral Administration in Pregnant Women with Iron Deficiency Anemia. Mater Sociomed 2023; 35:157-164. [PMID: 37701349 PMCID: PMC10495134 DOI: 10.5455/msm.2023.35.157-164] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2023] [Accepted: 03/06/2023] [Indexed: 09/14/2023] Open
Abstract
During pregnancy anemia is a common medical condition, with iron deficiency and megaloblastic anemia being the most common. The symptoms range from very mild to severe and if left without proper medical treatment, there can be serious consequences for both mother and fetus. The most frequent pregnancy problem is anemia. The term "Iron Deficiency Anemia" refers to erythropoiesis under conditions of absolute iron deficiency. This presupposes the depletion of iron stores in the body. Iron deficiency anemia or Sideropenic anemia is the most common form of anemia worldwide. Special attention must be given to nutrition during pregnancy. In the current retrospective study, it was evaluated the contribution of various iron preparations substitution during the pregnancy and puerperium.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Lagadinou
- Department of Internal medicine, University Hospital of
Patras, Patras Greece
| | - Georgios Markantes
- Division of Endocrinology, University Hospital of Patras,
Patras, Greece
| | - Marina Amerali
- Department of Internal medicine, University Hospital of
Patras, Patras Greece
| | - Francesk Mulita
- Department of General Surgery, University Hospital of
Patras, Patras, Greece
| | - Markos Marangos
- Department of Internal medicine, University Hospital of
Patras, Patras Greece
| | - Marina Michalaki
- Division of Endocrinology, University Hospital of Patras,
Patras, Greece
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7
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da Silva Brito R, de Lima Barros LM, Moreira LW, Normando RN, de Jesus TB, de Souza Gonçalves M, Ramasawmy R, de Oliveira SF, da Silva KER, Fraiji NA, da Hora LF, de Abreu Netto RL, de Moura Neto JP. Basic biochemical and hematological parameters of structural hemoglobin variants in the postpartum women and their respective newborn from Manaus, Amazonas, Brazil. BMC Pregnancy Childbirth 2022; 22:936. [PMID: 36522644 PMCID: PMC9756781 DOI: 10.1186/s12884-022-05143-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2021] [Accepted: 10/21/2022] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
The present study aimed at estimating the prevalence of structural hemoglobinopathies in newborn and describing the hematological and biochemical characteristics between postpartum women (PW) and their respective newborns (NB) at a public maternity hospital in Manaus, Amazonas state, Brazil. In total, 825 NB and 820 PW were included in the study. Hematological and biochemical analysis and screening of structural hemoglobinopathies were performed and compared in groups of individuals (NICU or not; hemoglobin genotypes; gestational age and prenatal). The age of PW ranged from 13 to 44 years old (mean of 23.7 ± 6.6 years), with 45.9% pregnant for the first time and 54.1% multiparous. Reported receiving prenatal care 88% and regarding the type of delivery, 47.7% had delivered by cesarean section. Among the births, 19.4% were born premature and 8.3% were admission to the neonatal intensive care unit (NICU). The male NB represented 53.4% of the total. Sickle cell trait (FAS) was found in 16 (1.94%) and heterozygous for D hemoglobin (FAD) in 6 (0.73%) newborns. A statistically significant values was found between the previous history of miscarriage and increase of Mean corpuscular volume (MCV) (p < .001), Red blood cell distribution width (RDW) (p = .003), total and indirect bilirubin concentration (p < .001) and LDL cholesterol (p = .004). Hemoglobin levels below 13.5 g/dL was found in 66% black newborns, compared with 15% of Afro-Brazilian and 5% of whites. The frequency of structural hemoglobinopathies was higher in African-Brazilian newborn babies (78%) and those who with low birth weight had a higher frequency of NICU (35.7%). Interestingly, underage mothers had a higher frequency of NB with low birth weight and premature birth. Postpartum women who had children carriers of FAS and FAD had a higher frequency of urinary tract infection (65.2%) and moderate anemia (23.8%). This study estimated for the first time the prevalence of structural hemoglobinopathies in NB in Manaus, Amazonas, Brazil. Despite the small prevalence of, we highlight the importance of early diagnosis of hemoglobin variants, contributing to the improvement of the quality of life of PW and your NB, reinforce the need to implement educational and prevention programs to raise awareness among the population and in order to counsel parents regarding the probability of having a child with abnormal hemoglobins homozygous as HbSS or HbCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Roberta da Silva Brito
- grid.512139.d0000 0004 0635 1549Fundação Hospitalar de Hematologia e Hemoterapia do Amazonas, Manaus, Amazonas Brazil
| | | | - Lilian Wallace Moreira
- grid.512139.d0000 0004 0635 1549Fundação Hospitalar de Hematologia e Hemoterapia do Amazonas, Manaus, Amazonas Brazil
| | - Regina Neves Normando
- grid.512139.d0000 0004 0635 1549Fundação Hospitalar de Hematologia e Hemoterapia do Amazonas, Manaus, Amazonas Brazil
| | - Thiago Bacha de Jesus
- grid.411181.c0000 0001 2221 0517Universidade Federal do Amazonas, Faculdade de Ciências Farmacêuticas, General Rodrigo Otávio Jordão Ramos Avenue, 6200 - Coroado I, Manaus, Amazonas CEP: 69067-005 Brazil
| | - Marilda de Souza Gonçalves
- grid.418068.30000 0001 0723 0931Fundação Oswaldo Cruz - Centro de Pesquisas Gonçalo Moniz, Salvador, Bahia Brazil
| | - Rajendranath Ramasawmy
- grid.418153.a0000 0004 0486 0972Fundação de Medicina Tropical Dr. Heitor Vieira Dourado, Manaus, Amazonas Brazil
| | - Stéfani Ferreira de Oliveira
- grid.411181.c0000 0001 2221 0517Universidade Federal do Amazonas, Faculdade de Ciências Farmacêuticas, General Rodrigo Otávio Jordão Ramos Avenue, 6200 - Coroado I, Manaus, Amazonas CEP: 69067-005 Brazil
| | - Keyla Emanulle Ramos da Silva
- grid.411181.c0000 0001 2221 0517Universidade Federal do Amazonas, Faculdade de Ciências Farmacêuticas, General Rodrigo Otávio Jordão Ramos Avenue, 6200 - Coroado I, Manaus, Amazonas CEP: 69067-005 Brazil
| | - Nelson Abrahim Fraiji
- grid.512139.d0000 0004 0635 1549Fundação Hospitalar de Hematologia e Hemoterapia do Amazonas, Manaus, Amazonas Brazil
| | - Larissa Feitosa da Hora
- grid.411181.c0000 0001 2221 0517Universidade Federal do Amazonas, Faculdade de Ciências Farmacêuticas, General Rodrigo Otávio Jordão Ramos Avenue, 6200 - Coroado I, Manaus, Amazonas CEP: 69067-005 Brazil
| | - Rebeca Linhares de Abreu Netto
- grid.411181.c0000 0001 2221 0517Universidade Federal do Amazonas, Faculdade de Ciências Farmacêuticas, General Rodrigo Otávio Jordão Ramos Avenue, 6200 - Coroado I, Manaus, Amazonas CEP: 69067-005 Brazil
| | - José Pereira de Moura Neto
- grid.512139.d0000 0004 0635 1549Fundação Hospitalar de Hematologia e Hemoterapia do Amazonas, Manaus, Amazonas Brazil ,grid.411181.c0000 0001 2221 0517Universidade Federal do Amazonas, Faculdade de Ciências Farmacêuticas, General Rodrigo Otávio Jordão Ramos Avenue, 6200 - Coroado I, Manaus, Amazonas CEP: 69067-005 Brazil
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Singh Y, Chabra A, Venkateswaran V, Trikha A. Sickle cell disease in pregnancy and anaesthetic implications: A narrative review. JOURNAL OF OBSTETRIC ANAESTHESIA AND CRITICAL CARE 2021. [DOI: 10.4103/joacc.joacc_76_21] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022] Open
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Adewoyin AS. Management of sickle cell disease: a review for physician education in Nigeria (sub-saharan Africa). Anemia 2015; 2015:791498. [PMID: 25667774 PMCID: PMC4312619 DOI: 10.1155/2015/791498] [Citation(s) in RCA: 63] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2014] [Revised: 11/18/2014] [Accepted: 12/17/2014] [Indexed: 11/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Sickle cell disease (SCD) predominates in sub-Saharan Africa, East Mediterranean areas, Middle East, and India. Nigeria, being the most populous black nation in the world, bears its greatest burden in sub-Saharan Africa. The last few decades have witnessed remarkable scientific progress in the understanding of the complex pathophysiology of the disease. Improved clinical insights have heralded development and establishment of disease modifying interventions such as chronic blood transfusions, hydroxyurea therapy, and haemopoietic stem cell transplantation. Coupled with parallel improvements in general supportive, symptomatic, and preventive measures, current evidence reveals remarkable appreciation in quality of life among affected individuals in developed nations. Currently, in Nigeria and other West African states, treatment and control of SCD are largely suboptimal. Improved knowledge regarding SCD phenotypes and its comprehensive care among Nigerian physicians will enhance quality of care for affected persons. This paper therefore provides a review on the aetiopathogenesis, clinical manifestations, and management of SCD in Nigeria, with a focus on its local patterns and peculiarities. Established treatment guidelines as appropriate in the Nigerian setting are proffered, as well as recommendations for improving care of affected persons.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ademola Samson Adewoyin
- Department of Haematology and Blood Transfusion, University of Benin Teaching Hospital, PMB 1111, Benin City, Edo State, Nigeria
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Costa VMF, Viana MB, Aguiar RALP. Pregnancy in patients with sickle cell disease: maternal and perinatal outcomes. J Matern Fetal Neonatal Med 2014; 28:685-9. [PMID: 24866352 DOI: 10.3109/14767058.2014.928855] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To compare obstetrical, hematological and neonatal outcomes of pregnant women with or without sickle cell disease (SCD). METHODS A prospective study of 60 pregnancies of 58 women with SCD (29 SCD-SS and 29 SCD-SC) compared with 192 pregnancies in 187 healthy pregnant women was carried out from January 2009 to August 2011. RESULTS Compared to controls, the SCD group had higher rate of preterm delivery (p < 0.001, OR = 4.96, 95% CI 2.57-9.59), higher cesarean rate (p < 0.001, OR = 5.00, CI 2.65-9.45), more frequent deep vein thrombosis (p = 0.003), and urinary infection (p = 0.001, OR = 3.31, CI 1.63-6.73), higher prevalence of small for gestational age babies (p = 0.019, OR = 2.66, CI 1.15-6.17), and more frequent baby admissions to progressive care unit (p < 0.001, OR = 4.89, CI 2.26-10.6). Maternal death rate was also higher among women with SCD (p = 0.056). All adverse events were more frequent in the SS subgroup. Babies from the SS subgroup had the lowest weight at birth (2080 g) compared to SC (2737 g; p < 0.001) and controls (3035 g). A multivariate analysis confirmed painful episodes and SS genotype as factors contributing to preterm delivery. CONCLUSION SCD pregnant women - especially those in the SS subgroup - are more prone to experience perinatal and maternal complications in comparison with pregnant women without SCD.
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Abstract
Life expectancy in sickle cell disease (SCD) has increased substantially and thus women with SCD are almost universally reaching child-bearing age. Studies on potential complications during pregnancy have generated mixed data; however, it is generally accepted that women with SCD are at higher risk for adverse pregnancy outcomes and maternal mortality. It is therefore critical that their care be provided by a team that includes a hematologist and a maternal-fetal medicine specialist. Despite the published risks, women with SCD are capable of successful pregnancy outcomes with proper education and well-coordinated multidisciplinary care. Further investigation is needed to standardize management.
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Affiliation(s)
- Biree Andemariam
- Division of Hematology-Oncology, Lea Center for Hematologic Disorders, Adult Sickle Cell Clinical and Research Center, University of Connecticut Health Center, Farmington, CT 06030, USA.
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Tsatalas C, Chalkia P, Pantelidou D, Margaritis D, Bourikas G, Spanoudakis E. Pregnancy inβ-thalassemia trait carriers: an uneventful journey. Hematology 2013; 14:301-3. [DOI: 10.1179/102453309x439791] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Constantinos Tsatalas
- Department of HaematologyDemocritus University of Thrace Medical School, Alexandroupolis, Greece
| | - Panagiota Chalkia
- Thalassaemia UnitA.H.E.P.A. University Hospital, Thessaloniki, Greece
| | | | - Dimitrios Margaritis
- Department of HaematologyDemocritus University of Thrace Medical School, Alexandroupolis, Greece
| | - Georgios Bourikas
- Department of HaematologyDemocritus University of Thrace Medical School, Alexandroupolis, Greece
| | - Emmanouil Spanoudakis
- Department of HaematologyDemocritus University of Thrace Medical School, Alexandroupolis, Greece
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Impact of sickle cell disease and thalassemias in infants on birth outcomes. Eur J Obstet Gynecol Reprod Biol 2013; 170:324-8. [PMID: 23859868 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejogrb.2013.06.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2013] [Revised: 05/21/2013] [Accepted: 06/18/2013] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The contribution of sickle cell disease (SCD) and other common thalassemias in infants to adverse birth outcomes is under-studied. We therefore sought to compare adverse birth outcomes in infants with and without hemoglobinopathy. STUDY DESIGN Retrospective cohort study utilizing a population-based dataset from Florida (1998-2007, n=1,564,038). The primary outcomes were low birthweight (LBW), very low birthweight (VLBW), preterm birth (PTB), very preterm birth (VPTB) and small for gestational age (SGA). We used propensity scores to match infants with hemoglobinopathy to those without hemoglobinopathy on selected variables. To approximate relative risks, we generated adjusted odds ratios (AOR) and 95% confidence intervals (CI) from logistic regression models and accounted for the matched design using generalized estimating equations framework. RESULTS Infants with SCD or thalassemia had a heightened risk for LBW (AOR=1.58, 95% CI: 1.29-1.93), VLBW (AOR=3.01, 95% CI: 2.12-4.25), PTB (AOR=1.36, 95% CI: 1.12-1.65), VPTB (AOR=2.70, 95% CI: 1.93-3.78), and neurological conditions (AOR=2.04, 95% CI: 1.48-2.81) compared to infants without hemoglobinopathy. CONCLUSION Infants with SCD or thalassemia experience considerably higher risks for multiple infant morbidities. Our findings are potentially important in prenatal counseling, as well as for targeted care of affected pregnancies in the prenatal period.
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14
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Hoppe CC. Prenatal and newborn screening for hemoglobinopathies. Int J Lab Hematol 2013; 35:297-305. [DOI: 10.1111/ijlh.12076] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2013] [Accepted: 01/15/2013] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- C. C. Hoppe
- Department of Hematology-Oncology; Children's Hospital & Research Center Oakland; Oakland CA USA
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Boulet SL, Okoroh EM, Azonobi I, Grant A, Craig Hooper W. Sickle cell disease in pregnancy: maternal complications in a Medicaid-enrolled population. Matern Child Health J 2013; 17:200-7. [PMID: 23315242 PMCID: PMC4394367 DOI: 10.1007/s10995-012-1216-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
Abstract
Higher frequencies of pregnancy complications have been reported among women with sickle cell disease (SCD) compared with those without SCD; however, past studies are limited by small sample size, narrow geographic area, and use of hospital discharge data. We compared the prevalence of maternal complications among intrapartum and postpartum women with SCD to those without SCD in a large, geographically diverse sample. Data from the 2004-2010 Truven Health MarketScan(®) Multi-State Medicaid databases were used to assess the prevalence of maternal complications among intrapartum and postpartum women 15-44 years of age with and without SCD whose race was reported as black. The comparison group of women without SCD was further divided into those with chronic conditions associated with multi-organ failure and those without chronic conditions. Multivariable log-binomial regression models were used to calculate adjusted prevalence ratios for outcomes for women with SCD compared with women in the two comparison groups. Of the 335,348 black women with a delivery during 2004-2010, 1,526 had a diagnosis of SCD (0.5 %). Compared with women without SCD who had chronic conditions, women with SCD had higher prevalence of deep vein thrombosis, pulmonary embolism, obstetric shock, pneumonia, sepsis, postpartum infection, and transfusions. SCD was also positively associated with acute renal failure, cerebrovascular disorder, respiratory distress syndrome, eclampsia, postpartum hemorrhage, preterm birth, and ventilation when compared with women without SCD and chronic conditions. Overall, women with SCD have increased prevalence of pregnancy complications, even when compared with a group of women with similar risk for multi-organ failure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sheree L Boulet
- Division of Reproductive Health, National Center for Chronic Disease Prevention and Health Promotion, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, 4770 Buford Hwy, MS-K34, 30341, Atlanta, Georgia, USA.
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Al Kahtani MA, AlQahtani M, Alshebaily MM, Abd Elzaher M, Moawad A, Aljohani N. Morbidity and pregnancy outcomes associated with sickle cell anemia among Saudi women. Int J Gynaecol Obstet 2012; 119:224-6. [PMID: 22986097 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijgo.2012.07.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2012] [Revised: 07/07/2012] [Accepted: 08/21/2012] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To identify morbidity and pregnancy outcomes associated with sickle cell disease (SCD) among pregnant Saudi women. METHODS A 10-year retrospective study was conducted at King Khalid University Hospital in Riyadh, Saudi Arabia, that included 392 cases of SCD in pregnancy and 784 controls with normal hemoglobin phenotype, who were selected and matched for age, parity, and delivery outcome. The main outcome measures were morbidity, maternal outcomes, and fetal outcomes. RESULTS The incidence of SCD was 1.1% among all deliveries, with 2 maternal deaths (0.5%) and a perinatal mortality rate of 77.7 per 1000 deliveries. The major maternal complications in the SCD group were anemia (86.2%); sickle cell crisis (64.8% overall, with 43.1% vaso-occlusive, 21.2% hemolytic, and 0.5% sequestration or aplastic); bacterial infection (8.8%); preterm delivery (15.3%); and pre-eclampsia (9.7%). Fetal growth restriction and stillbirths accounted for 65.6% of the perinatal mortality. Blood transfusion was indicated in 33.7% of pregnancies in the SCD group. CONCLUSION Pregnant Saudi women with SCD are at increased risk for pregnancy-related complications, as well as fetal morbidity and mortality. A critical need exists among Saudi hospitals for a multidisciplinary approach to the management of pregnancies complicated by SCD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maryam A Al Kahtani
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, King Khalid University Hospital, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.
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Rizack T, Rosene-Montella K. Special Hematologic Issues in the Pregnant Patient. Hematol Oncol Clin North Am 2012; 26:409-32, x. [DOI: 10.1016/j.hoc.2012.02.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
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Barfield WD, Barradas DT, Manning SE, Kotelchuck M, Shapiro-Mendoza CK. Sickle cell disease and pregnancy outcomes: women of African descent. Am J Prev Med 2010; 38:S542-9. [PMID: 20331956 DOI: 10.1016/j.amepre.2009.12.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2009] [Revised: 12/16/2009] [Accepted: 12/22/2009] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Sickle cell disease (SCD) is a severe hematologic condition that presents unique complications among affected pregnant women. Many studies of adverse perinatal outcomes associated with SCD are limited by small samples or fail to consider important risk factors. PURPOSE This study compared perinatal outcomes among women of African ancestry with and without SCD in a large, population-based sample. METHODS Data from the Massachusetts Pregnancy to Early Life Longitudinal (PELL) Data System were analyzed during June-August 2009 to identify in-state deliveries to resident women of African descent. Logistic regression analyses compared perinatal outcomes for deliveries among women with and without SCD, adjusted for maternal age, education, parity, plurality, insurance status, adequacy of prenatal care, smoking during pregnancy, and infant gender. RESULTS During 1998-2006, there were 116,076 deliveries to 84,561 women; SCD prevalence was 0.6%. Adjusted odds of fetal death among deliveries to women with SCD were 2.2 times those among women without SCD (95% CI=1.2, 4.2). Compared to women without SCD, the odds of preterm delivery, low birth weight, and having babies small for gestational age (SGA) among women with SCD were 1.5 (95% CI=1.2, 1.8); 1.7 (95% CI=1.1, 2.6); and 1.3 (95% CI=1.0, 1.7), respectively. Sickle cell disease was positively associated with cesarean delivery and inductions. CONCLUSIONS Population-based linked data systems are useful for assessing risks of adverse health outcomes among women with specific medical conditions, such as SCD. Women with SCD should seek preconception care to identify and modify risk behaviors and receive counseling regarding potential adverse sequelae associated with pregnancy-related morbidity and preterm delivery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wanda D Barfield
- Division of Reproductive Health, National Center for Chronic Disease Prevention and Health Promotion, CDC, Atlanta, Georgia 30341, USA.
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Santiago M. Thalassemia trait: what every NP should know. Nurse Pract 2009; 34:14-22. [PMID: 19952582 DOI: 10.1097/01.npr.0000365122.66033.3e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
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Abstract
Abstract
The hemoglobinopathies encompass a heterogeneous group of disorders associated with mutations in both the alpha-globin and beta-globin genes. Non-sickling disorders are found primarily in individuals of Mediterranean, Asian and Southeast Asian ancestry. With rapid growth in the Asian and Hispanic segments of the US population, the geographic distribution of hemoglobinopathies is expected to become significantly different from what it is today. The epidemiologic changes in the prevalence of non-sickling hemoglobin disorders have important implications for future public health programs, including newborn screening.
The purpose of newborn screening for hemoglobinopathies is to identify clinically significant disorders and provide early education and specialized care prior to the onset of clinical symptoms. Although newborn screening for sickle cell disease is mandated in all states, screening for non-sickling hemoglobinopathies is directed in only one state and limited to reporting of a presumptive diagnosis in most other states. Early delivery of comprehensive care, as well as new and potentially curative therapies, has significantly improved the prognosis for affected patients. This review will consider the increasing prevalence of once uncommon hemoglobinopathies in the US, highlighting the rationale for expanding newborn screening beyond sickle cell disorders.
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Solomon BD, Jack BW, Feero WG. The clinical content of preconception care: genetics and genomics. Am J Obstet Gynecol 2008; 199:S340-4. [PMID: 19081428 PMCID: PMC2636723 DOI: 10.1016/j.ajog.2008.09.870] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2008] [Revised: 09/22/2008] [Accepted: 09/25/2008] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
The prevalence of paternal and maternal genetic conditions that affect pregnancy varies according to many factors that include parental age, medical history, and family history. Although some genetic conditions that affect pregnancy are identified easily early in life, other conditions are not and may require additional diagnostic testing. A complete 3-generation family medical history that includes ethnicity information about both sides of the family is arguably the single best genetic "test" that is applicable to preconception care. Assessment of genetic risk by an experienced professional has been shown to improve the detection rate of identifiable risk factors. Learning about possible genetic issues in the preconception period is ideal, because knowledge permits patients to make informed reproductive decisions. Options that are available to couples before conception include adoption, surrogacy, use of donor sperm, in vitro fertilization after preimplantation genetic diagnosis, and avoidance of pregnancy. Future technologic advances will increase the choices that are available to couples.
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Affiliation(s)
- Benjamin D Solomon
- National Human Genome Research Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
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Oteng-Ntim E, Chase AR, Howard J, Khazaezadeh N, Anionwu EN. Sickle cell disease in pregnancy. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2008. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ogrm.2008.08.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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Villers MS, Jamison MG, De Castro LM, James AH. Morbidity associated with sickle cell disease in pregnancy. Am J Obstet Gynecol 2008; 199:125.e1-5. [PMID: 18533123 DOI: 10.1016/j.ajog.2008.04.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 103] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2007] [Revised: 01/16/2008] [Accepted: 04/08/2008] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The purpose of this study was to identify morbidity that is associated with sickle cell disease (SCD) in pregnancy. STUDY DESIGN The Nationwide Inpatient Sample from the Healthcare Cost and Utilization Project of the Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality for the years 2000-2003 was queried for all pregnancy-related discharges with a diagnosis of SCD. RESULTS There were 17,952 deliveries (0.1% of the total) to women with SCD. There were 10 deaths (72.4 per 100,000 deliveries). Cerebral vein thrombosis, pneumonia, pyelonephritis, deep venous thrombosis, transfusion, postpartum infection, sepsis, and systemic inflammatory response syndrome were much more common among women with SCD. They were more likely to undergo cesarean delivery, to experience pregnancy-related complications (such as gestational hypertension/preeclampsia, eclampsia, abruption, antepartum bleeding, preterm labor, and fetal growth restriction), and to have cardiomyopathy or pulmonary hypertension at the time of delivery. CONCLUSION Women with sickle cell disease are at greater risk for morbidity in pregnancy than previously estimated.
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Dane C, Dane B, Cetin A, Yayla M. Successful Full-Term Twin Pregnancy in Hemoglobin Brockton: A Rare Hemoglobinopathy – Case Report. Fetal Diagn Ther 2007; 22:282-4. [PMID: 17356285 DOI: 10.1159/000100791] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2006] [Accepted: 06/19/2006] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Hemoglobin Brockton is indicated by the hemolytic anemia, which is rare qualitative variant of aspect of the hemoglobinopathies. Hemoglobin disorders in pregnancy are associated intrauterine growth retardation, premature birth, and low birth weight. One of the unstable hemoglobinopathies, Hb Brockton associated with pregnancy has not been previously mentioned in the literature. In this case presentation and things to be done in case of a pregnant patient with rare hemoglobinopathy have been reviewed in reference to the literature. CASE REPORT Twin pregnancy of a 26-year-old patient with Hb Brockton disorder which was diagnosed at the age of 11, and has led to minor hemolytic anemia crisis over the years, was observed. Due to decrease in hemoglobin level, 8 units of transfusion were made. A twin pregnancy continued without any problems until the 38th week when a caesarean section was performed due to breech-breech presentations. The hemoglobin pattern of the newborn was studied at birth and after 1 year; the variant in the mother was not found. DISCUSSION During pregnancies with unstable hemoglobinopathy, observation of hemoglobin levels every 3 weeks and carrying out blood transfusions when below 8 g/dl can stabilize the pregnancy in terms of the development of the baby and the mother. Patients with hemoglobinopathy carry an increased risk for complications and should therefore seek medical care early in pregnancy and be managed by a multidisciplinary team of specialists.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cem Dane
- Haseki Training and Research Hospital, Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Istanbul, Turkey.
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Taylor MY, Wyatt-Ashmead J, Gray J, Bofill JA, Martin R, Morrison JC. Pregnancy loss after first-trimester viability in women with sickle cell trait: time for a reappraisal? Am J Obstet Gynecol 2006; 194:1604-8. [PMID: 16635469 DOI: 10.1016/j.ajog.2006.02.027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2005] [Revised: 01/04/2006] [Accepted: 02/15/2006] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The purpose of this study was to evaluate the obstetric outcomes and pathologic findings in women with sickle cell trait. STUDY DESIGN In this retrospective case control study, pregnant women with sickle cell trait were studied over a 4-year period (2001-2005). The women who were delivered at > 16 weeks of gestation were compared with a cohort group of subjects with normal hemoglobin levels, and the placentas were sent for pathologic evaluation. RESULTS A total of 180 pregnancies were studied with a like number of control patients. Subjects who had sickle cell trait demonstrated shorter average duration of pregnancy (233 +/- 45 days vs 255 +/- 34 days; P < .001) and lower birth weight (2114 +/- 1093 g vs 2672 +/- 942 g; P < .001). The rate of fetal death was significantly higher among study group patients (3.5% vs 9.7%; P = .015) when compared with the control group. Additionally, in study women, acute ascending amniotic infection and meconium histiocytosis were noted much more frequently. Sickling in the intervillous space and decidual vessels that were not associated with artifactual change was also found among patients sickle cell trait. CONCLUSION Patients with sickle cell trait appear to be at increased risk for fetal loss compared with women with normal hemoglobin levels, and placental abnormalities may play a causal role.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michelle Y Taylor
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Mississippi Medical Center, Jackson, MS 39216, USA
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Abstract
With advances in management, men and women with sickle cell disease are enjoying an improved quality of life well into adulthood, when they may elect to plan a family. Pregnancy has been associated with exacerbation of sickle cell disease and may place women, especially those with sickle cell anemia (HbSS), at an additional risk for obstetric complications. Appropriate management by health care providers familiar with sickle cell diseases and high-risk obstetric care can result in a successful pregnancy for most women with sickle cell disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kathryn Hassell
- Colorado Sickle Cell Treatment and Research Center, University of Colorado Health Sciences Center, Denver, CO 80262, USA.
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