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Lyras EM, Zimmermann K, Wagner LK, Dörr D, Klose CSN, Fischer C, Jung S, Yona S, Hovav AH, Stenzel W, Dommerich S, Conrad T, Leutz A, Mildner A. Tongue immune compartment analysis reveals spatial macrophage heterogeneity. eLife 2022; 11:77490. [PMID: 35749158 PMCID: PMC9232218 DOI: 10.7554/elife.77490] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2022] [Accepted: 05/29/2022] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
The tongue is a unique muscular organ situated in the oral cavity where it is involved in taste sensation, mastication, and articulation. As a barrier organ, which is constantly exposed to environmental pathogens, the tongue is expected to host an immune cell network ensuring local immune defence. However, the composition and the transcriptional landscape of the tongue immune system are currently not completely defined. Here, we characterised the tissue-resident immune compartment of the murine tongue during development, health and disease, combining single-cell RNA-sequencing with in situ immunophenotyping. We identified distinct local immune cell populations and described two specific subsets of tongue-resident macrophages occupying discrete anatomical niches. Cx3cr1+ macrophages were located specifically in the highly innervated lamina propria beneath the tongue epidermis and at times in close proximity to fungiform papillae. Folr2+ macrophages were detected in deeper muscular tissue. In silico analysis indicated that the two macrophage subsets originate from a common proliferative precursor during early postnatal development and responded differently to systemic LPS in vivo. Our description of the under-investigated tongue immune system sets a starting point to facilitate research on tongue immune-physiology and pathology including cancer and taste disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Karin Zimmermann
- Max-Delbrück-Center for Molecular Medicine Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | | | - Dorothea Dörr
- Max-Delbrück-Center for Molecular Medicine Berlin, Berlin, Germany.,Institute of Biology, Humboldt University of Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Christoph S N Klose
- Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Department of Microbiology, Infectious Diseases and Immunology, Charité Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | | | | | - Simon Yona
- Institute of Dental Sciences, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem, Israel
| | - Avi-Hai Hovav
- Institute of Dental Sciences, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem, Israel
| | - Werner Stenzel
- Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Department of Neuropathology, Charité Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Steffen Dommerich
- Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Charité Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Thomas Conrad
- Max-Delbrück-Center for Molecular Medicine Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Achim Leutz
- Max-Delbrück-Center for Molecular Medicine Berlin, Berlin, Germany.,Institute of Biology, Humboldt University of Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Alexander Mildner
- Max-Delbrück-Center for Molecular Medicine Berlin, Berlin, Germany.,InFLAMES Research Flagship Center, University of Turku, Turku, Finland.,Institute of Biomedicine, Medicity, University of Turku, Turku, Finland
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Khayamzadeh M, Najafi S, Sadrolodabaei P, Vakili F, Kharrazi Fard MJ. Determining salivary and serum levels of iron, zinc and vitamin B 12 in patients with geographic tongue. J Dent Res Dent Clin Dent Prospects 2019; 13:221-226. [PMID: 31857869 PMCID: PMC6904920 DOI: 10.15171/joddd.2019.034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2016] [Accepted: 09/21/2019] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Background. Benign migratory glossitis or geographic tongue, whose cause still remains a mystery, emerges as annular lesions on the dorsal surface of the tongue. Several reasons have been reported for this condition, including vitamin deficiencies, digestive disorders, emotional stress and nutritional deficiencies. In order to introduce an efficient treatment for the geographic tongue, the present study investigated the levels of iron, zinc and vitamin B12 in the blood and saliva. Methods. The present study evaluated 40 subjects. The oral disease specialists examined the patients in the Dental School, Tehran University International Campus and Mashhad Dental School. Accordingly, inclusion and exclusion criteria were used to enroll the patients. The blood and salivary samples were collected from the case and control groups. Finally, independent t-test was used to analyze the data. Results. Overall, 20 subjects suffered from geographic tongue. They consisted of 8 females and 12 males, with a mean age of 33.5±4.8 and age range of 19‒49 years. Moreover, the mean age and age range of the healthy subjects were 29.40±7.5 and 24‒25 years, respectively. It should be pointed out that the subjects were equally divided into 10 males and 10 females. There was no difference between other variables in the blood and saliva. Conclusion. The results showed that patients with geographic tongue had lower levels of salivary zinc, compared to the control group. Although iron and vitamin B12 affect the lingual papillae, their serum and salivary levels did not change.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mina Khayamzadeh
- Department of Oral Medicine, School of Dentistry, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, International Campus, Tehran, Iran
| | - Shamsoulmolouk Najafi
- Department of Oral Medicine, School of Dentistry, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, International Campus, Tehran, Iran
- Department of Oral Medicine, School of Dentistry, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | | | - Faranak Vakili
- Dental Student, School of Dentistry, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, International Campus, Tehran, Iran
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Scariot R, Sebastiani AM, Meger MN, Broska VT, Souza JF, Lima AA, Brancher JA, de Souza CM, Souza PHC, Trevillato PC. Anxiety and genetic polymorphisms in catechol-O-methyltransferase (COMT) and serotonin transportation gene (5HTT) are associated with benign migratory glossitis. Oral Surg Oral Med Oral Pathol Oral Radiol 2019; 127:218-224. [PMID: 30642702 DOI: 10.1016/j.oooo.2018.10.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2018] [Revised: 10/08/2018] [Accepted: 10/26/2018] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The aim of this case-control study was to investigate whether benign migratory glossitis (BMG) is associated with catechol-O-methyltransferase (COMT) and serotonin transportation gene (5HTT) polymorphisms and anxiety. STUDY DESIGN The study comprised 43 patients with BMG and 114 patients without a history of BMG. We used the Hamilton Anxiety (HAM-A) rating scale to assess each individual's anxiety. We collected DNA from buccal cells and analyzed polymorphisms of COMT and 5HTT. We conducted statistical evaluations by using SPSS software (SPSS Inc., Chicago, IL) and STATA (StataCorp, College Station, TX). Alpha value was set at 0.05. RESULTS Overall anxiety level was significantly higher in the case group than in the control group (P < .001). In adjusted multiple logistic regression, the COMT markers were not associated with BMG. Individuals with the CC genotype, in rs3813034 of 5HTT, presented an odds ratio (OR) of 2.85 (95% confidence interval [CI] 1.03-7.82; P = .042). Individuals with the TT genotype, in the rs1042173 of 5HTT, presented an OR of 3.77 (95% CI 1.32-10.74; P = .013). For each incremental increase in the anxiety score, there was an 8% increase in the probability of BMG (ORa=1.08; 95% CI 1.03-1.14; P = .007). CONCLUSIONS Anxiety increases the risk of BMG. Moreover, the occurrence of BMG was associated with polymorphisms in the 5HTT gene.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rafaela Scariot
- Professor in School of Health and Biological Sciences, Positivo University, Curitiba, Brazil; Professor in Department of Stomatology, Federal University of Parana, Curitiba, Brazil.
| | | | | | | | - Juliana Feltrin Souza
- Professor in Department of Stomatology, Federal University of Parana, Curitiba, Brazil
| | - Antonio Adilson Lima
- Professor in Department of Stomatology, Federal University of Parana, Curitiba, Brazil
| | - João Armando Brancher
- Professor in School of Health and Biological Sciences, Positivo University, Curitiba, Brazil; Professor at School of Life Sciences, Pontifical Catholic University of Paraná, Curitiba, Brazil
| | - Cleber Machado de Souza
- Professor at School of Life Sciences, Pontifical Catholic University of Paraná, Curitiba, Brazil
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