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Serrano-Meneses GJ, Brenes Guzmán S, Serrano-Meneses MA, Delgado-Porras A. Insights Into Pediatric Secretory Carcinoma of the Salivary Gland: A Case Report. Cureus 2024; 16:e60355. [PMID: 38883019 PMCID: PMC11178125 DOI: 10.7759/cureus.60355] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 05/15/2024] [Indexed: 06/18/2024] Open
Abstract
Secretory carcinoma of the salivary gland (SCSG) is a rare head and neck tumor in adults and exceptional at the pediatric age. Its varied histological subtypes and distinct clinical presentation pose diagnostic and therapeutic challenges. Therefore, standardized guidelines are of utmost importance for the care of these patients, especially in children. Here we present an 11-year-old male presented with a left cheek mass initially diagnosed as lipoma. A wide resection was performed and SCSG was revealed in the histopathologic and immunohistochemistry analysis. The presentation of this case provides valuable information on the diagnostic and therapeutic complexities of SCSG. It emphasizes the need for standardized guidelines and further research to optimize pediatric patient outcomes. Overall, this case report is a crucial resource for clinicians and researchers, highlighting the importance of interdisciplinary collaboration and early intervention in managing SCSG.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Sofia Brenes Guzmán
- Pediatric Surgical Oncology, Hospital Infantil Privado, Star Médica, Mexico City, MEX
| | | | - Alberto Delgado-Porras
- Pediatric and Neonatal Surgery, Hospital Infantil Privado, Star Médica, Mexico City, MEX
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2
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Rached L, Saleh K, Casiraghi O, Even C. Salivary gland carcinoma: Towards a more personalised approach. Cancer Treat Rev 2024; 124:102697. [PMID: 38401478 DOI: 10.1016/j.ctrv.2024.102697] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2023] [Revised: 02/05/2024] [Accepted: 02/07/2024] [Indexed: 02/26/2024]
Abstract
Salivary Gland carcinomas (SGCs) are rare tumors accounting for less than 1% of all cancers with 21 histologically diverse subtypes. The rarity of the disease presents a challenge for clinicians to conduct large size randomized controlled trials. Surgery and radiotherapy remain the only curative treatment for localized disease, whereas treatments for recurrent and metastatic disease remain more challenging with very disappointing results for chemotherapy. The different histological subtypes harbor various genetic alterations, some pathognomonic with a diagnostic impact for pathologists in confirming a difficult diagnosis and others with therapeutic implications regardless of the histologic subtype. Current international guidelines urge pathologists to identify androgen receptor status, HER-2 expression that could be determined by immunohistochemistry, and TRK status in patients with non-adenoid cystic salivary gland carcinoma that are eligible to initiate a systemic treatment, in order to offer them available targeted therapies or refer them to clinical trials based on their mutational profile. A more advanced molecular profiling by next generation sequencing would offer a larger panel of molecular alterations with possible therapeutic implications such as NOTCH, PI3K, BRAF, MYB, and EGFR. In the following review, we present the most common genetic alterations in SGCs as well as actionable mutations with the latest available data on therapeutic options and upcoming clinical trials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Layal Rached
- Department of Head and Neck Oncology, Gustave Roussy Cancer Campus, Villejuif 94800, France
| | - Khalil Saleh
- Department of Head and Neck Oncology, Gustave Roussy Cancer Campus, Villejuif 94800, France
| | - Odile Casiraghi
- Department of Biology and Pathology, Gustave Roussy Cancer Campus, Villejuif 94800, France
| | - Caroline Even
- Department of Head and Neck Oncology, Gustave Roussy Cancer Campus, Villejuif 94800, France.
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3
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Vamesu S, Ursica OA, Gurita AM, Voda RI, Deacu M, Aschie M, Bosoteanu M, Cozaru GC, Mitroi AF, Orasanu CI. A retrospective study of nonneoplastic and neoplastic disorders of the salivary glands. Medicine (Baltimore) 2023; 102:e35751. [PMID: 37861511 PMCID: PMC10589586 DOI: 10.1097/md.0000000000035751] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2023] [Accepted: 10/02/2023] [Indexed: 10/21/2023] Open
Abstract
The spectrum of major and minor salivary gland disorders varies widely. Epidemiological data on some injury categories are rare and often not up-to-date. This study aims to analyze epidemiological data using clinical, paraclinical, and histopathological parameters. Study was carried out for 5 years on the nonneoplastic and tumoral pathology of the salivary glands. Data were statistically analyzed using the appropriate parameters. Data analysis according to the biological behavior of the lesions revealed great heterogeneity. Statistically significant correlations were observed between the type of injury, age (P = .002) and gender (0.033). The environment of origin of the patients as well as the comorbidities reflected in most cases the nature of the process. Associations were also observed between the biological behavior of the lesions and the hemicranial topography (P = .019), the type of salivary gland (P = .024), and the surgical technique used (P < .001). Most cases were identified in the major salivary glands, often in the parotid. The most common diseases are represented by nonspecific chronic sialadenitis (nonneoplastic lesion), pleomorphic adenoma and Warthin tumor (benign tumors), mucoepidermoid carcinoma (malignant tumor), and squamous carcinoma (secondary tumor). They presented axial diameters between 2 to 95 mm. The most used curative technique was subtotal excision with facial nerve preservation. In conclusion, the study highlighted the main epidemiological aspects of salivary gland disorders. Some data agree with the specialty literature, and particular aspects are also observed. Therefore, this research is useful both in the medical and research fields.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sorin Vamesu
- Clinical Service of Anatomic Pathology, Departments of Pathology, “Sf. Apostol Andrei” Emergency County Hospital, Constanta, Romania
| | - Oana Andreea Ursica
- Clinical Service of Anatomic Pathology, Departments of Pathology, “Sf. Apostol Andrei” Emergency County Hospital, Constanta, Romania
- Faculty of Medicine, “Ovidius” University of Constanta, Constanta, Romania
| | - Ana Maria Gurita
- Clinical Service of Anatomic Pathology, Departments of Pathology, “Sf. Apostol Andrei” Emergency County Hospital, Constanta, Romania
| | - Raluca Ioana Voda
- Clinical Service of Anatomic Pathology, Departments of Pathology, “Sf. Apostol Andrei” Emergency County Hospital, Constanta, Romania
- Center for Research and Development of the Morphological and Genetic Studies of Malignant Pathology (CEDMOG), “Ovidius” University of Constanta, Constanta, Romania
| | - Mariana Deacu
- Clinical Service of Anatomic Pathology, Departments of Pathology, “Sf. Apostol Andrei” Emergency County Hospital, Constanta, Romania
- Faculty of Medicine, “Ovidius” University of Constanta, Constanta, Romania
| | - Mariana Aschie
- Clinical Service of Anatomic Pathology, Departments of Pathology, “Sf. Apostol Andrei” Emergency County Hospital, Constanta, Romania
- Faculty of Medicine, “Ovidius” University of Constanta, Constanta, Romania
- Academy of Medical Sciences of Romania, Bucharest, Romania
| | - Madalina Bosoteanu
- Clinical Service of Anatomic Pathology, Departments of Pathology, “Sf. Apostol Andrei” Emergency County Hospital, Constanta, Romania
- Faculty of Medicine, “Ovidius” University of Constanta, Constanta, Romania
| | - Georgeta Camelia Cozaru
- Clinical Service of Anatomic Pathology, Departments of Pathology, “Sf. Apostol Andrei” Emergency County Hospital, Constanta, Romania
- Faculty of Medicine, “Ovidius” University of Constanta, Constanta, Romania
| | - Anca Florentina Mitroi
- Clinical Service of Anatomic Pathology, Departments of Pathology, “Sf. Apostol Andrei” Emergency County Hospital, Constanta, Romania
- Center for Research and Development of the Morphological and Genetic Studies of Malignant Pathology (CEDMOG), “Ovidius” University of Constanta, Constanta, Romania
| | - Cristian Ionut Orasanu
- Clinical Service of Anatomic Pathology, Departments of Pathology, “Sf. Apostol Andrei” Emergency County Hospital, Constanta, Romania
- Faculty of Medicine, “Ovidius” University of Constanta, Constanta, Romania
- Center for Research and Development of the Morphological and Genetic Studies of Malignant Pathology (CEDMOG), “Ovidius” University of Constanta, Constanta, Romania
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Zhao F, Huang X, He J, Li J, Li Q, Wei F, Chen H, Su J. A nomogram for distinguishing benign and malignant parotid gland tumors using clinical data and preoperative blood markers: development and validation. J Cancer Res Clin Oncol 2023; 149:11719-11733. [PMID: 37402966 DOI: 10.1007/s00432-023-05032-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2023] [Accepted: 06/27/2023] [Indexed: 07/06/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE This study aimed to construct and validate a nomogram that incorporated clinical data and preoperative blood markers to differentiate BPGTs from MPGTs more efficiently and at low cost. METHODS We retrospectively analyzed patients who underwent parotidectomy and histopathological diagnosis at the First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University from January 2013 to June 2022. Subjects were randomly divided into training and validation sets with a 7:3 ratio. In the training set, the least absolute shrinkage and selection operator (LASSO) regression analysis was performed to select the most relevant features from 19 variables and built a nomogram using logistic regression. We evaluated the model's performance using receiver-operating characteristic (ROC) curves, calibration curves, clinical decision curve analysis (DCA), and clinical impact curve analysis (CICA). RESULTS The final sample consisted of 644 patients, of whom 108 (16.77%) had MPGTs. The nomogram included four features: current smoking status, pain/tenderness, peripheral facial paralysis, and lymphocyte-to-monocyte ratio (LMR). The optimal cut-off value for the nomogram was 0.17. The areas under the ROC curves (AUCs) of the nomogram were 0.748 (95% confidence interval [CI] = 0.689-0.807) and 0.754 (95% CI = 0.636-0.872) in the training and validation sets, respectively. The nomogram also showed good calibration, high accuracy, moderate sensitivity, and acceptable specificity in both sets. The DCA and CICA demonstrated that the nomogram had significant net benefits for a wide range of threshold probabilities (0.06-0.88 for the training set; 0.06-0.57 and 0.73-0.95 for the validation set). CONCLUSION The nomogram based on clinical characteristics and preoperative blood markers was a reliable tool for discriminating BPGTs from MPGTs preoperatively.
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Affiliation(s)
- Feng Zhao
- Department of Otolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, China
| | - Xiaoying Huang
- Department of Otolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, China
- Department of Otolaryngology, The Guangxi International Zhuang Medicine Hospital, Nanning, China
| | - Junkun He
- Department of Otolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, China
| | - Jiangmiao Li
- Department of Otolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, China
| | - Qiyun Li
- Department of Otolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, China
| | - Fangyu Wei
- Department of Otolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, China
| | - Huiying Chen
- Department of Otolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, China
| | - Jiping Su
- Department of Otolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, China.
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Coleman M, Liang J, Rastatter JC, Arch RS, Gartrell J, Chelius DC, Sheyn A, Li C, Richard C. Exploring the Epidemiology and Survival Trends in Pediatric Major Salivary Gland Malignancies: Insights from the National Cancer Database. Curr Oncol 2023; 30:6134-6147. [PMID: 37504316 PMCID: PMC10378439 DOI: 10.3390/curroncol30070456] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2023] [Revised: 06/07/2023] [Accepted: 06/17/2023] [Indexed: 07/29/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To investigate the clinicopathological, therapeutic, and survival data on pediatric major salivary gland cancers. MATERIALS AND METHODS National Cancer Database (NCDB) query from 2004 to 2018. RESULTS In total, 967 cases of individuals under the age of 21 were identified. Most cancers affected the parotid gland (86%). Mucoepidermoid carcinoma (41.3%) and acinic cell adenocarcinoma (33.6%) were the most common. Tumors occurred more often from age 11 to 21, and females were more affected. Histology varied by age, gender, and race. In the 0-5 age group, mucoepidermoid carcinoma and myoepithelial carcinoma/sarcoma/rhabdomyosarcoma were the most common pathologies. In patients over 5 years old, mucoepidermoid carcinoma was the most frequent tumor in boys, while acinic cell adenocarcinoma was more common in girls. African American patients had a higher incidence of mucoepidermoid carcinoma, while White patients in the 0-5 age group had a higher incidence of myoepithelial carcinoma/sarcoma/rhabdomyosarcoma tumors. Low-grade tumors were commonly diagnosed at stage I, but the 0-5 age group had a high frequency of stage IV tumors. The overall 5-year survival rate was 94.9%, with 90% for the 0-5 years age group and 96% for the 11-15 years age group. Negative margins were associated with higher 5-year survival rates in high-stage tumors (93%) compared to positive margins (80%). Submandibular malignancies had worse 5-year survival rates across all age groups. CONCLUSIONS Major salivary gland malignancies in pediatric patients exhibit variations in histopathologic characteristics by age, gender, and race. Negative margins impact 5-year survival rates, especially in high-stage tumors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Madison Coleman
- Department of Otolaryngology, University of Tennessee Health Science Center College of Medicine, Memphis, TN 38103, USA
- Department of Pediatric Otolaryngology, Le Bonheur Children's Hospital, Memphis, TN 38103, USA
- Division of Pediatric Otolaryngology, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, TN 38103, USA
| | - Jia Liang
- Department of Biostatistics, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, TN 38103, USA
| | - Jeffrey C Rastatter
- Division of Pediatric Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Ann & Robert H. Lurie Children's Hospital of Chicago, Chicago, IL 60611, USA
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL 60611, USA
| | - Rebecca S Arch
- Division of Pediatric Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Ann & Robert H. Lurie Children's Hospital of Chicago, Chicago, IL 60611, USA
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL 60611, USA
| | - Jessica Gartrell
- Department of Oncology, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, TN 38105, USA
| | - Daniel C Chelius
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Pediatric Head and Neck Tumor Program, Baylor College of Medicine, Texas Children's Hospital, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Anthony Sheyn
- Department of Otolaryngology, University of Tennessee Health Science Center College of Medicine, Memphis, TN 38103, USA
- Department of Pediatric Otolaryngology, Le Bonheur Children's Hospital, Memphis, TN 38103, USA
- Division of Pediatric Otolaryngology, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, TN 38103, USA
| | - Cai Li
- Department of Biostatistics, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, TN 38103, USA
| | - Celine Richard
- Department of Otolaryngology, University of Tennessee Health Science Center College of Medicine, Memphis, TN 38103, USA
- Department of Pediatric Otolaryngology, Le Bonheur Children's Hospital, Memphis, TN 38103, USA
- Division of Pediatric Otolaryngology, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, TN 38103, USA
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6
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Bruzinga FFB, Fernandes FCF, Dias FR, Lima MG, de Souza PEA, de Aguiar MCF, Grossmann SDMC. Clinical and demographic features of minor salivary gland tumors: A collaborative study of 480 cases. Oral Dis 2023; 29:1028-1038. [PMID: 34965007 DOI: 10.1111/odi.14119] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2021] [Revised: 11/15/2021] [Accepted: 12/10/2021] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To describe the frequency, clinical, and demographic features of minor salivary gland tumors and possible associated factors. MATERIALS AND METHODS A cross-sectional study was conducted. Clinical and demographic data were collected from biopsy records of two oral pathology services. Chi-square test, Fisher's exact test, and descriptive statistical analysis were performed. RESULTS A total of 480 (0.89%) minor salivary gland tumors were retrieved, 272 (56.7%) benign and 147 (30.7%) malignant. Sixty-one (12.6%) had no subtype specification. Most patients were women (307/64.0%), in sixth decade of life (80/16.7%), with a mean age of 45.32 years. Palate was the most common site (336/70.1%). Pleomorphic adenoma (PA; 245/51.1%), mucoepidermoid carcinoma (MEC; 70/14.6%), and adenoid cystic carcinoma (ACC; 43/8.9%) were the most frequent tumors. Symptomatic case, recurrence, and tobacco use were associated with malignancy (p < 0.05). PA and MEC were more frequent in palate (p < 0.05). No association between the three most frequent histological types and gender or age group was observed (p > 0.05). CONCLUSIONS This represents one of the largest exclusive series of minor salivary gland tumors in Brazil and worldwide. PA, MEC, and ACC were the most frequent tumors. Clinical and demographic data are similar from Brazilian studies or from other countries.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fábio Fernandes Borém Bruzinga
- Department of Dentistry, School of Dentistry, Pontifícia Universidade Católica de Minas Gerais (PUC Minas), Belo Horizonte, Brazil
| | | | - Fernanda Ribeiro Dias
- Department of Dentistry, School of Dentistry, Pontifícia Universidade Católica de Minas Gerais (PUC Minas), Belo Horizonte, Brazil
| | - Marla Gabriela Lima
- Department of Dentistry, School of Dentistry, Pontifícia Universidade Católica de Minas Gerais (PUC Minas), Belo Horizonte, Brazil
| | - Paulo Eduardo Alencar de Souza
- Department of Dentistry, School of Dentistry, Pontifícia Universidade Católica de Minas Gerais (PUC Minas), Belo Horizonte, Brazil
| | - Maria Cássia Ferreira de Aguiar
- Department of Oral Diagnosis and Pathology, School of Dentistry, Federal University of Minas Gerais (UFMG), Belo Horizonte, Brazil
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van Herpen C, Vander Poorten V, Skalova A, Terhaard C, Maroldi R, van Engen A, Baujat B, Locati LD, Jensen AD, Smeele L, Hardillo J, Martineau VC, Trama A, Kinloch E, Even C, Machiels JP. Salivary gland cancer: ESMO-European Reference Network on Rare Adult Solid Cancers (EURACAN) Clinical Practice Guideline for diagnosis, treatment and follow-up. ESMO Open 2022; 7:100602. [PMID: 36567082 PMCID: PMC9808465 DOI: 10.1016/j.esmoop.2022.100602] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 21.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2022] [Revised: 09/10/2022] [Accepted: 09/16/2022] [Indexed: 11/07/2022] Open
Abstract
•This ESMO–EURACAN Clinical Practice Guideline provides key recommendations for managing salivary gland cancer. •The guideline covers clinical and pathological diagnosis, staging and risk assessment, treatment and follow-up. •Treatment algorithms for parotid, submandibular, sublingual and minor salivary gland cancer are provided. •The author group encompasses a multidisciplinary group of experts from different institutions and countries in Europe. •Recommendations are based on available scientific data and the authors’ collective expert opinion.
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Affiliation(s)
- C van Herpen
- Department of Medical Oncology, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands; Multidisciplinary Salivary Gland Society, Geneva, Switzerland. https://twitter.com/myESMO
| | - V Vander Poorten
- Multidisciplinary Salivary Gland Society, Geneva, Switzerland; Department of Oncology, Section Head and Neck Oncology, KU Leuven, Leuven; Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, University Hospitals Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - A Skalova
- Multidisciplinary Salivary Gland Society, Geneva, Switzerland; Department of Pathology, Charles University, Faculty of Medicine in Plzen, Plzen, Czech Republic
| | - C Terhaard
- Multidisciplinary Salivary Gland Society, Geneva, Switzerland; Department of Radiotherapy, University Medical Center, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - R Maroldi
- Department of Radiology, ASST Spedali Civili Brescia-University of Brescia, Brescia, Italy
| | - A van Engen
- Department of Pathology, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - B Baujat
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Sorbonne Université Hôpital Tenon, Assistance Publique Hôpitaux de Paris, Paris, France
| | - L D Locati
- Head and Neck Medical Oncology Unit, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori, Milan, Italy
| | - A D Jensen
- Faculty of Medicine, Philipps-University Marburg, Marburg; Department of Radiation Oncology, University Hospitals Gießen and Marburg (UKGM) Ltd, Gießen, Germany
| | - L Smeele
- Department of Head and Neck Oncology and Surgery, Antoni van Leeuwenhoek Ziekenhuis & Amsterdam UMC, Amsterdam
| | - J Hardillo
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Erasmus University Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | | | - A Trama
- Evaluative Epidemiology, Department of Research, Fondazione IRCSS Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori, Milan, Italy
| | - E Kinloch
- Salivary Gland Cancer UK, London, UK
| | - C Even
- Head and Neck Department, Gustave Roussy, Paris; French Network for Rare Head and Neck Cancers, Paris, France
| | - J-P Machiels
- Service d'Oncologie Médicale, Institut Roi Albert II, Cliniques Universitaires Saint-Luc, Brussels; Institut de Recherche Clinique et Expérimentale, Université Catholique de Louvain (UCLouvain), Brussels, Belgium
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Colombo E, Van Lierde C, Zlate A, Jensen A, Gatta G, Didonè F, Licitra LF, Grégoire V, Vander Poorten V, Locati LD. Salivary gland cancers in elderly patients: challenges and therapeutic strategies. Front Oncol 2022; 12:1032471. [PMID: 36505842 PMCID: PMC9733538 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2022.1032471] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2022] [Accepted: 10/31/2022] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Salivary gland carcinomas (SGCs) are the most heterogeneous subgroup of head and neck malignant tumors, accounting for more than 20 subtypes. The median age of SGC diagnosis is expected to rise in the following decades, leading to crucial clinical challenges in geriatric oncology. Elderly patients, in comparison with patients aged below 65 years, are generally considered less amenable to receiving state-of-the-art curative treatments for localized disease, such as surgery and radiation/particle therapy. In the advanced setting, chemotherapy regimens are often dampened by the consideration of cardiovascular and renal comorbidities. Nevertheless, the elderly population encompasses a broad spectrum of functionalities. In the last decades, some screening tools (e.g. the G8 questionnaire) have been developed to identify those subjects who should receive a multidimensional geriatric assessment, to answer the question about the feasibility of complex treatments. In the present article, we discuss the most frequent SGC histologies diagnosed in the elderly population and the relative 5-years survival outcomes based on the most recent data from the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results (SEER) Program. Moreover, we review the therapeutic strategies currently available for locoregionally advanced and metastatic disease, taking into account the recent advances in precision oncology. The synergy between the Multidisciplinary Tumor Board and the Geriatrician aims to shape the most appropriate treatment pathway for each elderly patient, focusing on global functionality instead of the sole chronological age.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elena Colombo
- Head and Neck Medical Oncology Unit, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori, Milan, Italy
| | - Charlotte Van Lierde
- Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Leuven Cancer Institute, University Hospitals Leuven and Department of Oncology, section Head and Neck Oncology, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Alexandra Zlate
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Centre Leon Berard, Lyon, France
| | - Alexandra Jensen
- Department of Radiation Oncology, University Hospitals Giessen and Marburg (UKGM), Marburg, Germany
| | - Gemma Gatta
- Evaluative Epidemiology Unit, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori, Milan, Italy
| | - Fabio Didonè
- Evaluative Epidemiology Unit, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori, Milan, Italy
| | - Lisa F. Licitra
- Head and Neck Medical Oncology Unit, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori, Milan, Italy
- Department of Oncology and Hematology, University of Milan, Milan, Italy
| | - Vincent Grégoire
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Centre Leon Berard, Lyon, France
| | - Vander Vander Poorten
- Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Leuven Cancer Institute, University Hospitals Leuven and Department of Oncology, section Head and Neck Oncology, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Laura D. Locati
- Head and Neck Medical Oncology Unit, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori, Milan, Italy
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9
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Nachtsheim L, Mayer M, Meyer MF, Oesterling F, Kajueter H, Arolt C, Quaas A, Klussmann JP, Wolber P. Incidence and clinical outcome of primary carcinomas of the major salivary glands: 10-year data from a population-based state cancer registry in Germany. J Cancer Res Clin Oncol 2022:10.1007/s00432-022-04278-6. [PMID: 35994118 DOI: 10.1007/s00432-022-04278-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2022] [Accepted: 08/10/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE The aim of this project was to provide an overview of the epidemiology of primary salivary gland carcinomas (SGC) in terms of incidence, distribution of clinicopathological features and survival in one of the largest cancer registries in Europe. METHODS Data were collected from patients with SGC of the major salivary glands registered in the population-based state cancer registry (Landeskrebsregister LKR) in North Rhine-Westphalia (NRW), Germany from 01/01/2009 to 12/31/2018. Age standardization of incidence was performed and relative survival estimates were computed by sex, histological group, age group and T-, N-, and M-stage. RESULTS A total of 1680 patients were included in this analysis. The most frequent tumor localization was the parotid gland (78%). Adenocarcinoma (not otherwise specified) was the most common tumor entity (18.5%). Most tumors were found in stages T1-T3 (29% T1; 29% T2; 28% T3). The age-standardized incidence rate (ASR) for SGC was 0.65/100,000 and remained stable during the observation period. There was an age-dependent incidence increasing especially from the age 70 years and onwards. The overall 5-year relative survival (RS) for all patients with SGC was 69.2%. RS was 80-95.6% for T1-2 stage tumors, 60.3% for T3, 47.3% for T4 stage, 87.4% for N0 and 51.2% for N1-2, 74.4% for M0 and 44.9% for M1. CONCLUSION Age-standardized incidence for SGC has been stable for the observed 10-year period. Smaller tumors and those without lymph node or distant metastases had a better RS than more advanced tumors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lisa Nachtsheim
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, University of Cologne, Medical Faculty, Cologne, Germany.
| | - M Mayer
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, University of Cologne, Medical Faculty, Cologne, Germany
| | - M F Meyer
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, University Duisburg-Essen, Medical Faculty, Essen, Germany
| | - F Oesterling
- Cancer Registry North Rhine-Westphalia, Bochum, Germany
| | - H Kajueter
- Cancer Registry North Rhine-Westphalia, Bochum, Germany
| | - C Arolt
- Institute of Pathology, University of Cologne, Medical Faculty, Cologne, Germany
| | - A Quaas
- Institute of Pathology, University of Cologne, Medical Faculty, Cologne, Germany
| | - J P Klussmann
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, University of Cologne, Medical Faculty, Cologne, Germany
| | - P Wolber
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, University of Cologne, Medical Faculty, Cologne, Germany
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Żurek M, Jasak K, Jaros K, Daniel P, Niemczyk K, Rzepakowska A. Clinico-Epidemiological Analysis of Most Prevalent Parotid Gland Carcinomas in Poland over a 20-Year Period. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2022; 19:10247. [PMID: 36011881 PMCID: PMC9408518 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph191610247] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2022] [Revised: 08/10/2022] [Accepted: 08/12/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
(1) Background: Malignant tumours of the salivary glands have different clinical and histopathological characteristics. They most commonly involve the parotid gland. Histopathologically, the most common are mucoepidermoid carcinoma (MEC), adenoid cystic carcinoma (AdCC), acinic cell carcinoma (AcCC), adenocarcinoma, carcinoma in pleomorphic adenoma (CPA), and squamous cell carcinoma (SCC). (2) Methods: We analysed 2318 patients with malignant parotid gland tumours reported to the National Cancer Registry (NCR) in Poland over 20 years (1999-2018). The demographic characteristics of patients, clinical factors, and overall survival (OS) were analysed. (3) Results: The average age was 61.33 ± 16.1 years. The majority were males (55%) and urban citizens (64%). High percentage of carcinomas was diagnosed in locoregional (33.7%) and systemic (10.4%) stadium. The most prevalent diagnoses were SCC (33.3%) and adenocarcinoma (19.6%). Surgical resection with adjuvant RT (42.1%) was the most common treatment. The OS analysis showed a median survival time of 5.6 years. The most favorable median OS was found in patients with AcCC (18.30 years), the worst for SCC (1.58 years). (4) Conclusion: AcCC has the best prognosis and SCC the worst. Tumour stadium, treatment, and demographic factors affect prognosis. Improvements in diagnosis and re-evaluation of treatment standards are necessary to enhance the outcome of patients with parotid gland cancers in Poland.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michał Żurek
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Medical University of Warsaw, 1a Banacha Str., 02-097 Warsaw, Poland
- Doctoral School, Medical University of Warsaw, 61 Żwirki i Wigury Str., 02-091 Warsaw, Poland
- Department of Analyses and Strategies, Ministry of Health, Miodowa 15 Str., 00-952 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Kamil Jasak
- Students Scientific Research Group at the Department of Otorhinolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Medical University of Warsaw, 1a Banacha Str., 02-097 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Karolina Jaros
- Students Scientific Research Group at the Department of Otorhinolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Medical University of Warsaw, 1a Banacha Str., 02-097 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Piotr Daniel
- Students Scientific Research Group at the Department of Otorhinolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Medical University of Warsaw, 1a Banacha Str., 02-097 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Kazimierz Niemczyk
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Medical University of Warsaw, 1a Banacha Str., 02-097 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Anna Rzepakowska
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Medical University of Warsaw, 1a Banacha Str., 02-097 Warsaw, Poland
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11
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Twenty-seven years of primary salivary gland carcinoma in Wales: an analysis of histological subtype and associated risk factors. The Journal of Laryngology & Otology 2022; 136:167-172. [DOI: 10.1017/s002221512200007x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
AbstractObjectiveRisk factors for salivary gland carcinoma are poorly understood. Although links between background radiation, smoking and obesity have been previously suggested, no studies have so far established any significant results. This study aimed to establish correlations between common environmental and lifestyle risk factors and different subtypes of salivary gland carcinoma.MethodA study of population data in Wales spanning 27 years was conducted; 2 national databases were used to identify 356 cases of primary salivary gland carcinoma over this period. Histological subtype of cancer and geographical location of each case was recorded. Public health data was used to establish radon levels, smoking, obesity and activity levels of populations in each geographical location. A population matched multivariate analysis of variance analysis was performed using histological subtype and risk factor data for each geographical location.ResultsA significantly higher incidence of mucoepidermoid cancer in populations with higher background radon levels (p = 0.006), epithelial-myoepithelial cancer in populations with higher smoking levels (p = 0.029) and adenoid cystic cancer in populations with higher obesity levels (p = 0.028) was found.ConclusionTo the authors’ knowledge, this is the first study to establish significant links between background radiation, smoking and obesity with different subtypes of salivary gland carcinoma.
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12
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Seçin I, Uijen MJM, Driessen CML, van Herpen CML, Scheepers PTJ. Case Report: Two Cases of Salivary Duct Carcinoma in Workers With a History of Chromate Exposure. Front Med (Lausanne) 2021; 8:730403. [PMID: 34733859 PMCID: PMC8558305 DOI: 10.3389/fmed.2021.730403] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2021] [Accepted: 09/21/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Salivary duct carcinoma (SDC), one subtype of the 22 different salivary gland cancers, is a rare malignancy. Risk factors for the development of salivary gland cancer and SDC are largely unknown, although pollution has been described as one of the risk factors. In other cancers, especially in lung cancer, the carcinogenicity of chromium VI [Cr(VI)] is well-known. Here we report on two SDC patients who were occupationally exposed to Cr(VI) and discuss a potential relation between their Cr(VI) exposure and the occurrence of SDC. Case Presentation: The work history of two SDC patients was analyzed for chemical exposures. Both patients had a history of Cr(VI) exposure, with maintenance of military equipment considered as the source for this exposure. Inhalation of Cr(VI) containing particles from the removal of old paint by mechanical abrasion was identified as a probable source of exposure for both patients, and one of these patients also applied new paint. Both patients reported not to have used any respiratory protection which may have resulted in substantial inhalation of Cr(VI)-containing chromates. Furthermore, in one patient inhalation of fumes from soldering may have resulted in relevant co-exposure. Conclusion: A causal relation between Cr(VI) exposure and SDC, a rare cancer, cannot be demonstrated on an individual basis but detection in a population-based study is also unlikely because of the extremely low prevalence. Nevertheless, the work history is considered a relevant risk factor in the onset of SDC as occupational exposures to Cr(VI) occurred in poorly ventilated working environment and without using appropriate respiratory protective equipment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Imran Seçin
- Department of Medical Oncology, Radboud Institute for Health Sciences, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, Netherlands
| | - Maike J. M. Uijen
- Department of Medical Oncology, Radboud Institute for Health Sciences, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, Netherlands
| | - Chantal M. L. Driessen
- Department of Medical Oncology, Radboud Institute for Health Sciences, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, Netherlands
| | - Carla M. L. van Herpen
- Department of Medical Oncology, Radboud Institute for Health Sciences, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, Netherlands
| | - Paul T. J. Scheepers
- Department for Health Evidence, Radboud Institute for Health Sciences, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, Netherlands
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Surun A, Schneider DT, Ferrari A, Stachowicz-Stencel T, Rascon J, Synakiewicz A, Agaimy A, Martinova K, Kachanov D, Roganovic J, Bien E, Bisogno G, Brecht IB, Kolb F, Thariat J, Moya-Plana A, Orbach D. Salivary gland carcinoma in children and adolescents: The EXPeRT/PARTNER diagnosis and treatment recommendations. Pediatr Blood Cancer 2021; 68 Suppl 4:e29058. [PMID: 34174160 DOI: 10.1002/pbc.29058] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2021] [Revised: 03/22/2021] [Accepted: 03/23/2021] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
Salivary gland carcinomas (SGCs) are rare during childhood and adolescence. Consequently, no standardized recommendations for the diagnosis and therapeutic management of pediatric SGC are available, and pediatric oncologists and surgeons generally follow adult guidelines. Complete surgical resection with adequate margins constitutes the cornerstone of treatment. However, the indications and modalities of adjuvant therapy remain controversial and may be challenging in view of the potential long-term toxicities in the pediatric population. This paper presents the consensus recommendations for the diagnosis and treatment of children and adolescents with SGCs, established by the European Cooperative Study Group for Pediatric Rare Tumors (EXPeRT) within the EU-funded PARTNER project (Paediatric Rare Tumours Network - European Registry).
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Affiliation(s)
- Aurore Surun
- SIREDO Oncology Center (Care, Innovation and Research for Children, Adolescents and Young Adults with Cancer), Institut Curie, PSL University, Paris, France
| | | | - Andrea Ferrari
- Pediatric Oncology Unit, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori, Milan, Italy
| | | | - Jelena Rascon
- Center for Pediatric Oncology and Hematology, Vilnius University Hospital, Vilnius, Lithuania
| | - Anna Synakiewicz
- Department of Pediatrics, Hematology and Oncology, Medical University of Gdańsk, Gdańsk, Poland
| | - Abbas Agaimy
- Institute of Pathology, Friedrich-Alexander University Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU), Erlangen, Germany
| | - Kata Martinova
- Department of Hematology and Oncology, University Clinic for Children's Diseases, Medical Faculty, Ss. Cyril and Methodius University of Skopje, Skopje, North Macedonia
| | - Denis Kachanov
- Dmitry Rogachev National Medical Research Center of Pediatric Hematology, Oncology and Immunology, Moscow, Russian Federation
| | - Jelena Roganovic
- Department of Pediatrics, Clinical Hospital Center, Rijeka, Croatia
| | - Ewa Bien
- Department of Pediatrics, Hematology and Oncology, Medical University of Gdańsk, Gdańsk, Poland
| | - Gianni Bisogno
- Hematology-Oncology Division, Department of Pediatrics, Padova University Hospital, Padua, Italy
| | - Ines B Brecht
- Pediatric Hematology and Oncology, Children's Hospital, Eberhard-Karls-Universitaet Tuebingen, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Frédéric Kolb
- Department of Surgery, Division of Plastic Surgery, University of California, San Diego, California, USA
| | - Juliette Thariat
- Radiation Oncology Department, Baclesse Cancer Center, Caen, France
| | - Antoine Moya-Plana
- Head and Neck Surgery Department, Gustave-Roussy Cancer Campus, Villejuif, France
| | - Daniel Orbach
- SIREDO Oncology Center (Care, Innovation and Research for Children, Adolescents and Young Adults with Cancer), Institut Curie, PSL University, Paris, France
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Molecular chaperones in tumors of salivary glands. J Mol Histol 2020; 51:109-115. [PMID: 32300923 DOI: 10.1007/s10735-020-09871-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2020] [Accepted: 04/08/2020] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
The salivary glands are key components of the mouth and play a central role in its physiology. Their importance may be appreciated considering their number, occurrence in pairs, and distribution in the mouth: two parotids, two submandibular, two sublingual, and many other small ones scattered throughout the mouth. They produce saliva, without which ingestion of non-liquid nutrients and speech would be practically impossible. Nevertheless, the physiology and pathology of salivary glands are poorly understood. For instance, tumors of salivary glands occur, and their incidence is on the rise, but their etiology and pathogenesis are virtually unknown, although some risk factors have been identified. Likewise, the role of the chaperoning system in the development, normal functioning, and pathology, including carcinogenesis, remains to be determined. This scarcity of basic knowledge impedes progress in diagnosis, disease monitoring, and therapeutics of salivary gland tumors. We are currently involved in examining the chaperoning system of human salivary glands and we performed a search of the literature to determine what has been reported relating to oncology. We found data pertaining to six components of the chaperone system, namely HSP27, HSP60, HSP70, HSP84, HSP86, and GRP78, and to another HSP, the heme-oxygenase H-O1, also named HSP32, which does not belong in the chaperoning system but seemed to have potential as a biomarker for diagnostic purposes as much as the HSP/chaperones mentioned above. The reported quantitative variations of the six chaperones were distinctive enough to distinguish malignant from benign tumors, suggesting that these molecules hold potential as biomarkers useful in differential diagnosis. Also, the quantitative variations described accompanying tumor development, as observed in cancers of other organs, encourages research to elucidate whether chaperones play a role in the initiation and/or progression of salivary gland tumors.
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Kim SY, Min C, Oh DJ, Choi HG. Tobacco Smoking and Alcohol Consumption Are Related to Benign Parotid Tumor: A Nested Case-Control Study Using a National Health Screening Cohort. Clin Exp Otorhinolaryngol 2019; 12:412-419. [PMID: 31079445 PMCID: PMC6787483 DOI: 10.21053/ceo.2018.01774] [Citation(s) in RCA: 88] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2018] [Accepted: 04/04/2019] [Indexed: 01/28/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To evaluate the relationship among smoking, alcohol consumption, and obesity and benign or malignant parotid tumors in a Korean population. METHODS The Korean National Health Insurance Service-Health Screening Cohort (for ≥40-year-olds) was assessed from 2002 to 2013. In total, 336 benign parotid tumors and 46 malignant parotid tumors were matched with controls at a ratio of 1 to 4 with respect to age, sex, income, region of residence, hypertension, diabetes, and dyslipidemia. We analyzed previous histories of smoking, alcohol consumption, and obesity. By unconditional logistic regression analyses, the crude and adjusted odds ratios (ORs) were investigated and the 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were counted. RESULTS The estimated annual incidence of the benign parotid tumors was 5.66 per 100,000, and that of the malignant parotid tumor was 0.81 per 100,000. The adjusted ORs of smoking for the benign parotid tumors was 2.52 (95% CI, 1.84 to 3.46). This finding was consistent in the subgroups of <60 years old, ≥60 years old, and men. The adjusted ORs of alcohol consumption for the benign parotid tumors showed the statistical significance only in women (adjusted OR, 2.35; 95% CI, 1.10 to 5.00). Obesity did not reach a statistical significance in any analysis. CONCLUSION Benign parotid tumor was related with smoking, and it was linked with alcohol consumption in women only.
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Affiliation(s)
- So Young Kim
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, CHA Bundang Medical Center, CHA University, Seongnam, Korea
| | - Chanyang Min
- Hallym Data Science Laboratory, Hallym University College of Medicine, Anyang, Korea.,Graduate School of Public Health, Seoul National University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Dong Jun Oh
- Department of Internal Medicine, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Hyo Geun Choi
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Hallym University College of Medicine, Anyang, Korea
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